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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
We rely on the Advisor, a related party, to manage our day-to-day activities and to implement our investment strategy pursuant to the terms of the Advisory Agreement, by and among us, the Operating Partnership and the Advisor. The current term of the Advisory Agreement ends April 30, 2026, subject to renewals by our board of directors for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods. The Dealer Manager, which is also a related party, provides dealer manager services in connection with our securities offerings pursuant to the terms of that certain Amended and Restated Dealer Manager Agreement, effective December 19, 2025 (the “Dealer Manager Agreement”) by and among us and the Dealer Manager. The Advisor is directly or indirectly majority owned, controlled and/or managed by Ares. The Advisor, the Sponsor and the Dealer Manager receive compensation from us in the form of fees and expense reimbursements for certain
services relating to our securities offerings and for the investment and management of our assets and our other activities and operations.
Advisory Agreement, Dealer Manager Agreement and Operating Partnership Agreement
The following is a description of the fees and expense reimbursements payable to the Advisor and the Dealer Manager. This summary does not purport to be a complete summary of the Advisory Agreement, the Dealer Manager Agreement, or the Partnership Agreement, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to such agreements, which are incorporated by reference as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Selling Commissions, Dealer Manager Fees and Distribution Fees (Class T-R, Class S-R, Class D-R and Class I-R Shares). We closed our fourth primary public offering effective July 2, 2024, pursuant to which we had offered Class T-R shares, Class S-R shares, Class D-R shares and Class I-R shares. We had paid the Dealer Manager upfront selling commissions with respect to Class T-R shares and Class S-R shares sold in the primary portion of our public offering and dealer manager fees with respect to Class T-R shares sold in the primary portion of our public offering. The upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees are calculated as a percentage of the transaction price (generally equal to the most recent monthly NAV per share) at the time of purchase of such shares. All or a portion of the upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees will be retained by, or reallowed to, participating broker dealers. In addition, the Dealer Manager is entitled to receive ongoing distribution fees based on the NAV of all outstanding Class T-R shares, Class S-R shares and Class D-R shares including shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan. The distribution fees will be payable monthly in arrears and will be paid on a continuous basis from year to year. The Dealer Manager will reallow all or a portion of the distribution fees to broker dealers whose clients own Class T-R shares, Class S-R shares and/or Class D-R shares. The following table details the selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution fees applicable for each share class.
Class T-RClass S-RClass D-RClass I-R
Selling commissions (as % of transaction price)
up to 3.00%
*
up to 3.50%
— %— %
Dealer manager fees (as % of transaction price)
up to 1.50%
*— %— %— %
Distribution fees (as % of NAV per annum)0.85 %0.85 %0.25 %— %
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*The sum of upfront selling commissions and upfront dealer manager fees on Class T-R shares may not exceed 3.50% of the offering price.
We will cease paying the distribution fees with respect to individual Class T-R shares, Class S-R shares and Class D-R shares when they are no longer outstanding, including as a result of a conversion to Class I-R shares, as applicable. Class T-R shares, Class S-R shares and Class D-R shares held within a stockholder’s account shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into a number of Class I-R shares at the applicable conversion rate on the earliest of: (i) a listing of any shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets; and (iii) the end of the month in which the Dealer Manager, in conjunction with our transfer agent, determines that the total upfront selling commissions, upfront dealer manager fees and ongoing distribution fees paid with respect to all shares of such class held by such stockholder within such account (including shares purchased through the DRIP or received as stock dividends) equals or exceeds 8.75% (or a lower limit set forth in any applicable agreement between the Dealer Manager and a participating broker dealer, provided that the Dealer Manager advises our transfer agent of the lower limit in writing) of the aggregate purchase price of all shares of such class held by such stockholder within such account and purchased in a primary offering.
Selling Commissions, Dealer Manager Fees and Distribution Fees (Class S-PR, Class D-PR and Class I-PR Shares). On August 2, 2024, we initiated the Private Offering of Class S-PR shares, Class D-PR shares and Class I-PR shares. We pay the Dealer Manager upfront selling commissions with respect to S-PR shares and D-PR shares sold in the primary portion of our Private Offering and dealer manager fees with respect to S-PR shares sold in the primary portion of our Private Offering. The upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees are calculated as a percentage of the transaction price (generally equal to the most recent monthly NAV per share) at the time of purchase of such shares. All or a portion of the upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees will be retained by, or reallowed to, participating broker dealers. In addition, the Dealer Manager is entitled to receive ongoing distribution fees based on the NAV of all outstanding Class S-PR shares and Class D-PR shares including shares issued under our DRIP. The distribution fees will be payable monthly in arrears and will be paid on a continuous basis from year to year. The Dealer Manager will reallow all or a portion of the distribution fees to participating broker dealers and broker dealers servicing accounts of investors who own Class S-PR
shares and/or Class D-PR shares. The following table details the selling commissions, dealer manager fees and distribution fees applicable for each share class.
Class S-PRClass D-PRClass I-PR
Selling commissions (as % of transaction price)
up to 3.00%
*
up to 1.50%
— %
Dealer manager fees (as % of transaction price)
up to 1.50%
*— %— %
Distribution fees (as % of NAV per annum)0.85 %0.25 %— %
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*The sum of upfront selling commissions and upfront dealer manager fees on Class S-PR shares may not exceed 3.50% of the offering price.
We will cease paying the distribution fees with respect to individual Class S-PR shares and Class D-PR shares when they are no longer outstanding, including as a result of a conversion to Class I-PR shares. Class S-PR shares or Class D-PR shares held within a stockholder’s account shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into a number of Class I-PR shares, at the applicable conversion rate on the earliest of: (i) a listing of any shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange; (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets; and (iii) the end of the month in which the Dealer Manager, in conjunction with our transfer agent, determines that the total upfront selling commissions, upfront dealer manager fees and ongoing distribution fees paid with respect to all shares of such class held by such stockholder within such account (including shares purchased through the DRIP or received as stock dividends) equals or exceeds the limit, if any, set forth in any applicable agreement between the Dealer Manager and a participating broker dealer, provided that the Dealer Manager advises our transfer agent of the lower limit in writing of the aggregate purchase price of all shares of such class held by such stockholder within such account and purchased in a primary offering.
Additional Underwriting Compensation and Primary Dealer Fee. We pay directly, or reimburse the Advisor and the Dealer Manager if they pay on our behalf, certain additional items of underwriting compensation, including legal fees of the Dealer Manager, costs reimbursement for registered representatives of participating broker-dealers to attend educational conferences sponsored by us or the Dealer Manager, attendance fees for registered persons associated with the Dealer Manager to attend seminars conducted by participating broker-dealers, and promotional items. In addition to this additional underwriting compensation, the Advisor may also pay the Dealer Manager additional amounts to fund certain of the Dealer Manager’s costs and expenses related to the distribution of our securities offering, which will not be reimbursed by us. Also, the Dealer Manager may pay supplemental fees or commissions to participating broker-dealers and servicing broker-dealers with respect to certain shares sold in the primary portions of our securities offerings, which will not be reimbursed by us. Through June 30, 2017, we paid to the Dealer Manager primary dealer fees in the amount of 5.0% of the gross proceeds raised from certain sales of Class I-R shares in the primary portion of our prior public offering. We currently do not intend to pay additional primary dealer fees in our securities offerings.
Organization and Offering Expense Reimbursement. We pay directly or reimburse the Advisor and the Dealer Manager if they pay on our behalf, any issuer organization and offering expenses (meaning organization and offering expenses other than underwriting compensation) as and when incurred. After the termination of the primary offering and again after termination of the offering under our distribution reinvestment plan, the Advisor has agreed to reimburse us to the extent that total cumulative organization and offering expenses (including underwriting compensation) that we incur exceed 15% of our gross proceeds from the applicable offering.
Advisory Fee and Operating Expense Reimbursement. The advisory fee consists of a fixed component and a performance participation allocation. The fixed component of the advisory fee includes a fee that will be paid monthly to the Advisor for asset management services provided to on our behalf. The following table details the fixed component of the advisory fee:
Fixed Component
% of applicable monthly NAV per Fund Interest (as defined below) x the weighted-average number of Fund Interests for such month (per annum)1.10 %
% of consideration received by us or our affiliates for selling interests in DST Properties (as defined in “Note 7”) to third-party investors, net of up-front fees and expense reimbursements payable out of gross sale proceeds from the sale of such interests1.10 %
The performance participation allocation is a performance-based amount that will be paid to the Advisor. This amount is calculated on the basis of the overall investment return provided to holders of Fund Interests (i.e., our outstanding shares and OP Units held by third-party investors) in any calendar year such that the Advisor will receive the lesser of (1) 12.5% of (a) the annual total return amount less (b) any loss carryforward, and (2) the amount equal to (x) the annual total return amount, less (y) any loss carryforward, less (z) the amount needed to achieve an annual total return amount equal to 5% of the NAV per Fund Interest at the beginning of such year (the “Hurdle Amount”). The foregoing calculations are calculated on a per Fund Interest basis and multiplied by the weighted-average Fund Interests outstanding during the year. In no event will the performance participation allocation be less than zero. Accordingly, if the annual total return amount exceeds the Hurdle Amount plus the amount of any loss carryforward, then the Advisor will earn a performance participation allocation equal to 100% of such excess, but limited to 12.5% of the annual total return amount that is in excess of the loss carryforward. The “annual total return amount” referred to above means all distributions paid or accrued per Fund Interest plus any change in NAV per Fund Interest since the end of the prior calendar year, adjusted to exclude the negative impact on annual total return resulting from our payment or obligation to pay, or distribute, as applicable, the performance participation allocation as well as ongoing distribution fees (i.e., our ongoing class-specific fees). The “loss carryforward” referred to above tracks any negative annual total return amounts from prior years and offsets the positive annual total return amount for purposes of the calculation of the performance participation allocation. The loss carryforward is zero as of December 31, 2025. Additionally, the Advisor will provide us with a waiver of a portion of its fees generally equal to the amount of the performance participation allocation that would have been payable with respect to the Class E shares and the Series 1 Class E OP Units held by third parties until the NAV of such shares or units exceeds $10.00 a share or unit, the benefit of which will be shared among all holders of Fund Interests. As of December 31, 2025, all of the Class E OP Units issued and outstanding to third-party investors are Series 1 Class E OP Units. Refer to “Note 13” for detail regarding the Class E OP Units.
The allocation of the performance participation interest is ultimately determined at the end of each calendar year and will be paid in Class I-R OP units or cash, at the election of the Advisor. As the performance hurdle was achieved as of December 31, 2025, we recognized approximately $16.5 million of performance participation allocation expense in our consolidated statements of operations. The performance hurdle was not achieved as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, therefore no performance participation allocation expense was recognized in our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
On January 1, 2019, we, our Operating Partnership, and the Advisor amended the advisory agreement and limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership. The Operating Partnership also issued to Black Creek Diversified Property Advisors Group LLC (“BCDPAG”), for $1,000 in consideration, 100 partnership units in the Operating Partnership constituting a separate series of partnership interests with special distribution rights, or the “Special Units.” On July 1, 2021, these Special Units were transferred from BCDPAG to our New Advisor. Subsequently, these Special Units were transferred from our New Advisor to an affiliate of the New Advisor.
These agreements were amended, and the Special Units were issued, so that, at the election of the holder, the performance participation allocation previously payable to the Advisor may be paid instead to the holder of the Special Units as a performance participation allocation with respect to the Special Units. If the holder does not elect on or before the first day of a calendar year to have the performance participation allocation paid as a fee to the Advisor, then it will be paid as a distribution on the performance participation interest to the holder of the Special Units. In such case, the performance participation allocation will be payable in cash or Class I-R OP Units, at the election of the holder. If the holder elects to receive such distributions in Class I-R OP Units, the number of Class I-R OP Units to be issued to the holder will be determined by dividing an amount equal to the value of the performance participation allocation by the net asset value per Class I-R OP Unit as of the date of the distribution. The holder of the Special Units may request the Operating Partnership to repurchase such OP Units from the holder at a later date. Any such repurchase requests will normally not be subject to any holding period, early redemption deduction, volume limitations or other restrictions that apply to other holders of OP Units under the limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership or to our stockholders under our share redemption program. However, certain restrictions on redemption may apply if certain liquidity requirements are not met. In addition, in the event the Operating Partnership commences a liquidation of its assets during any calendar year, the holder of the Special Units will be distributed the performance participation allocation as its liquidation distribution, or the Advisor will receive payment of the performance participation allocation, as applicable, prior to the distribution of the remaining liquidation proceeds to the holders of OP Units.
The Special Units do not receive Operating Partnership distributions or allocations except as described above. Holders of Special Units do not share in distributions paid to holders of common OP Units and are not allocated income or losses of the Operating Partnership except to the extent of taxable income allocated to them in their capacity as holders of the Special Units.
Subject to certain limitations, we reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates for all of the costs they incur in connection with the services they provide to us under the Advisory Agreement, including, without limitation, our allocable share of the Advisor’s overhead, which includes but is not limited to the Advisor’s rent paid to both third parties and affiliates of the Advisor, utilities and personnel costs; provided, that we will not reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates for services for which the Advisor or its affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee, and commencing as of September 1, 2017, we will not reimburse the Advisor for compensation it pays to our named executive officers, unless the named executive officer is providing stockholder services.
Acquisition Expense Reimbursements. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, subject to certain limitations, we agreed to reimburse the Advisor for all acquisition expenses incurred on our behalf in connection with the selection and acquisition of properties, real estate-related assets, and other investments, whether or not such investments are acquired. As these expense reimbursements were not directly attributable to a specified property, they were expensed as incurred on the consolidated statements of operations.
Fees from Other Services. We retain certain of the Advisor’s affiliates, from time to time, for services relating to our investments or our operations, which may include property management services, leasing services, corporate services, statutory services, transaction support services, construction and development management, and loan management and servicing, and within one or more such categories, providing services in respect of asset and/or investment administration, accounting, technology, tax preparation, finance, treasury, operational coordination, risk management, insurance placement, human resources, legal and compliance, valuation and reporting-related services, as well as services related to mortgage servicing, group purchasing, healthcare, consulting/brokerage, capital markets/credit origination, property, title and/or other types of insurance, management consulting and other similar operational matters. Any fees paid to the Advisor’s affiliates for any such services will not reduce the advisory fees. Per the terms of the agreement, any such arrangements will be at market rates or a reimbursement of costs incurred by the affiliate in providing the services.
Property-Level Accounting Services. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement effective as of May 1, 2022, we have agreed to pay the Advisor a property accounting fee in connection with providing services related to accounting for real property operations, including the maintenance of the real property’s books and records in accordance with GAAP and our policies, procedures, and internal controls, in a timely manner, and the processing of real property-related cash receipts and disbursements. The property accounting fee is equal to the difference between: (i) the property management fee charged with respect to each real property, which reflects the market rate for all real property management services, including property-level accounting services, based on rates charged for similar properties within the region or market in which the real property is located, and (ii) the amount paid to third-party property management firms for property management services, which fee is based on an arm’s length negotiation with a third-party property management service provider (the difference between (i) and (ii), the “property accounting fee”).
DST Program
DST Program Dealer Manager Fees. In connection with the DST Program, as described in “Note 7,” Ares Diversified Real Estate Exchange LLC (formerly known as Black Creek Exchange LLC, “ADREX”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of our taxable REIT subsidiary that is wholly-owned by the Operating Partnership, entered into a dealer manager agreement with the Dealer Manager, pursuant to which the Dealer Manager agreed to conduct the private placements for interests reflecting an indirect ownership of up to $5.0 billion of interests. The Advisor, Dealer Manager and certain of their affiliates receive fees and reimbursements in connection with their roles in the DST Program, which costs are substantially funded by the private investors in that program, through fees and expenses paid by the investors at the time of investment, or deductions from distributions paid to such investors.
ADREX will pay certain up-front fees and reimburse certain related expenses to the Dealer Manager with respect to capital raised through the DST Program. ADREX is obligated to pay the Dealer Manager a dealer manager fee of up to 1.5% of gross equity proceeds raised and a commission of up to 5.0% of gross equity proceeds raised through the private placements. In addition, with respect to certain classes of interests (or the corresponding classes of OP Units or shares for which they may be exchanged in certain circumstances) we, the Operating Partnership or ADREX will pay the Dealer Manager ongoing fees in amounts up to 0.85% of the equity investment or net asset value thereof per year for Class T, Class S, and Class D OP Units. The Dealer Manager may re-allow such commissions, ongoing fees and a portion of such dealer manager fees to participating broker dealers. In addition, pursuant to the dealer manager agreement for the DST Program, we, or our subsidiaries, are obligated to reimburse the Dealer Manager for (a) customary travel, lodging, meals and reasonable entertainment expenses incurred in connection with the private placements; (b) costs and expenses of conducting educational conferences and seminars, attending broker-dealer sponsored conferences, or educational conferences sponsored by ADREX; (c) customary promotional items; and (d) legal fees of the Dealer Manager.
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, DST Properties are included when calculating the fixed advisory fee and the performance participation allocation due to the Advisor. Furthermore, because the Advisor funds certain Dealer Manager distribution-related personnel costs that are not reimbursed under the DST Program dealer manager agreement, we have also agreed to pay the Advisor a fee equal to the fee paid by DST Program investors for these costs, which is up to 1.5% of the total equity amount paid for the interests.
DST Manager Fees. ADREX Manager LLC (formerly known as BC Exchange Manager LLC, the “DST Manager”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, acts, directly or through a wholly-owned subsidiary, as the manager of each Delaware statutory trust holding a DST Property, but has assigned all of its rights and obligations as manager (including fees and reimbursements received) to BC Exchange Advisor LLC (“DST Advisor”), an affiliate of the Advisor. While the intention is to sell 100% of the interests to third parties, ADREX may hold an interest for a period of time and therefore could be subject to the following description of fees and reimbursements paid to the DST Manager. The DST Manager will have primary responsibility for performing management, oversight and administrative actions in connection with the trust and any DST Property and has the sole power to determine when it is appropriate for a trust to sell a DST Property. The DST Advisor will receive, through the DST Manager, an annual management fee equal to 1.0% of the gross rents payable to the trust for the respective year. The management fee compensates the DST Advisor for the fee-related services rendered in connection with the management and oversight of the trust, including overseeing the investment strategy of the trust and monitoring the operating performance of the DST Property. The DST Advisor will also (i) be reimbursed for certain expenses associated with the establishment, maintenance and operation of the trust and DST Properties and the sale of any DST Property to a third party, and (ii) receive up to 1.0% of the gross equity proceeds as compensation for developing and maintaining the DST Program technology and intellectual property. Furthermore, to the extent that the Operating Partnership exercises its fair market value purchase option to acquire the interests from the investors at a later time in exchange for OP Units, cash, or a combination of OP Units and cash, and such investors subsequently submit such OP Units for redemption pursuant to the terms of the Operating Partnership, a redemption fee of up to 1.0% of the amount otherwise payable to a limited partner upon redemption may be paid to DST Manager (or such other amount as may be set forth in the applicable DST Program offering documents).
In connection with the DST Program, ADREX maintains a loan program and may, upon request, provide DST Program Loans to certain purchasers of the interests in the Delaware statutory trusts to finance a portion of the purchase price payable upon their acquisition of such DST Interests (the “Purchase Price”). The DST Program Loans are made by a subsidiary of ours (the “DST Lender”). The DST Program Loans may differ in original principal amounts. The original principal amount of the DST Program Loans expressed as a percentage of the total Purchase Price for the applicable DST Interests may also vary, but no DST Program Loan to any purchaser will exceed 50% of the Purchase Price paid by such purchaser for its DST Interest in the Trust, excluding the amount of the Origination Fee, as hereinafter defined. Each purchaser that elects to obtain a DST Program Loan, will pay an origination fee to the DST Manager equal to up to 1.0% of the original principal amount of its DST Program Loan (the “Origination Fee”) upon origination of such DST Program Loan, which Origination Fee will be assigned by the DST Manager to an affiliate of the Advisor.
The purchaser will be required to represent, among other things, that no portion of the Purchase Price for its DST Interest and no fee paid in connection with the acquisition of its DST Interest (including, without limitation, the Origination Fee) has been or will be funded with any nonrecourse indebtedness other than the DST Program Loan.
Summary of Fees and Expenses
The table below summarizes the fees and expenses incurred by us for services provided by the Advisor and its affiliates, and by the Dealer Manager related to the services described above, and any related amounts payable:
For the Year Ended December 31, Payable as of December 31,
(in thousands)20252024202320252024
Selling commissions and dealer manager fees (1)$428 $282 $1,189 $— $— 
Ongoing distribution fees (1)(2)10,721 9,631 8,896 1,169 906 
Advisory fees—fixed component51,296 40,786 38,645 4,984 3,646 
Performance participation allocation (3)16,544 — — 16,544 — 
Other fees and expense reimbursements—Advisor (4)(5)14,182 13,831 13,788 8,980 6,074 
Other expense reimbursements—Dealer Manager250 281 335 48 125 
Property management fee (6)3,079 2,070 1,884 355 187 
DST Program selling commissions, dealer manager and distribution fees (1)15,438 12,468 9,693 1,071 501 
Other DST Program related costs—Advisor (5)16,837 11,992 8,114 317 179 
Total$128,775 $91,341 $82,544 $33,468 $11,618 
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(1)All or a portion of these amounts will be retained by, or reallowed (paid) to, participating broker-dealers and servicing broker-dealers.
(2)The distribution fees are payable monthly in arrears. Additionally, we accrue for future estimated amounts payable related to ongoing distribution fees. The future estimated amounts payable were approximately $73.0 million and $69.9 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
(3)The 2025 performance participation allocation in the amount of $16.5 million become payable on December 31, 2025. At the election of the Advisor, $9.3 million was settled in cash in January 2026, and the remaining balance of $7.2 million was settled through the issuance of 0.9 million OP Units in February 2026. The performance hurdle was not met for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and therefore no performance participation allocation expense was recognized during those years.
(4)Other expense reimbursements include certain expenses incurred for organization and offering, acquisition and general administrative services provided to us under the Advisory Agreement, including, but not limited to, certain expenses described below after footnote 6, allocated rent paid to both third parties and affiliates of our Advisor, equipment, utilities, insurance, travel and entertainment.
(5)Includes costs reimbursed to the Advisor related to the DST Program.
(6)The cost of the property management fee, including the property accounting and construction management fees, is generally borne by the tenant or tenants at each real property, either via a direct reimbursement to us or, in the case of tenants subject to a gross lease, as part of the lease cost. In certain circumstances, we may pay a portion of the property management fee, including the property accounting and construction management fees, without reimbursement from the tenant or tenants at a real property. For certain properties, an affiliate of the Advisor provides property management, construction management and property accounting services, and receives the full property management fee, including the property accounting and construction management fees.
Certain of the expense reimbursements described in the table above include a portion of the compensation expenses of officers and employees of the Advisor or its affiliates related to activities for which the Advisor did not otherwise receive a separate fee. Amounts incurred related to these compensation expenses for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, were approximately $12.7 million, $12.5 million and $12.6 million, respectively. No reimbursement is made for compensation of our named executive officers unless the named executive officer is providing stockholder services, as outlined in the Advisory Agreement.
Advisory Agreement
Ares Real Estate Income Trust Inc., the Operating Partnership and the Advisor previously entered into that certain Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (2024), effective as of August 2, 2024 (the “2024 Advisory Agreement”). The term of the 2024 Advisory Agreement continued through April 30, 2025, subject to an unlimited number of successive one-year renewals. Ares Real Estate Income Trust Inc., the Operating Partnership and the Advisor renewed the 2024 Advisory Agreement on substantially the same terms through April 30, 2026, by entering into the Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (2025) (the “2025 Advisory Agreement”), effective as of April 30, 2025.
In addition to the renewal, the 2025 Advisory Agreement amended the 2024 Advisory Agreement to reflect certain immaterial amendments to clarify the descriptions of certain services that will continue to be provided by the Advisor and certain fees and expenses for which the Advisor will continue to be paid and/or reimbursed, as well as to clarify the meanings of certain defined terms.
Limited Partnership Agreement
On October 15, 2025, the Company and AREIT Incentive Fee LP, an affiliate of our Advisor, replaced the then-current limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership, by entering into the Fourteenth Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement (the “Amended OP Agreement”). The Amended OP Agreement reflects changes corresponding to the creation of the Company's Class B shares of common stock and other immaterial changes.
Transactions with Affiliates
We initially contributed $2,000 into the Operating Partnership in exchange for 200 OP Units, representing the sole general partner interest in the Operating Partnership. Subsequently, we contributed 100% of the gross proceeds received from our securities offerings of common stock to the Operating Partnership in exchange for OP Units representing our interest as a limited partner of the Operating Partnership. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we held a 53.4% and 53.1%, respectively, limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership. The remaining limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership are held by third-party investors, which are classified as noncontrolling interests on the consolidated balance sheets. See “Note 13” for detail regarding our noncontrolling interests.
Apogee SPV Investment
On October 17, 2025, we entered into a subscription agreement with Apogee SPV, an affiliate of the Advisor. Pursuant to the subscription agreement, on November 3, 2025, we issued and sold to Apogee SPV 25.4 million Class B shares in a private placement that generated gross aggregate proceeds of $200.0 million, capitalized by the Sponsor and an institutional investor for the securities. The Class B shares purchased by Apogee SPV are subject to a three-year lock-up from the date of purchase. Apogee SPV has the ability to, after this three-year lock up period, redeem up to $5.0 million of shares per quarter, with such redemptions not subject to, nor eligible for redemption under, the terms of our share redemption program. The Apogee SPV also has the ability to, from time to time, require us to exchange its Class B shares for Class I-PR shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis, up to an amount that, after giving effect to such exchange would beneficially cause Apogee SPV to beneficially own no more than 4.90% of the number of share of common stock with voting rights.
Student Housing Investment Arrangement
It is currently contemplated that the Company may enter into a Project Specialist arrangement in student housing investments. Under this arrangement, affiliates of Timberline Real Estate Ventures (“Timberline”), a fully integrated, operationally focused privately held real estate operator and investment manager specializing in the development, acquisition and operation of student housing, multifamily, and mixed-use retail/residential communities, will enter into a joint venture with affiliates of the Advisor to create a Product Specialist (collectively, with its affiliated entities, the “Student Housing Product Specialist”). For each student housing investment by the Company made through the Student Housing Product Specialist, the Student Housing Product Specialist will be retained under a management services agreement, engaged as property manager under a property management agreement and receive a profits interest through the Operating Partnership in such investment. The Student Housing Product Specialist will be paid fees for the services it provides. The Advisor or its affiliates will have an economic interest in these agreements except the profits interests, with respect to which the Advisor and its affiliates will have no economic interest. With respect to each student housing investment made under this arrangement, an affiliate of the Student Housing Project Specialist will receive a profits interest through the Operating Partnership. As of and for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, there have been no student housing investments made through this arrangement nor have any fees been incurred with the Student Housing Product Specialist.
Mortgage Loan Origination Program
On November 15, 2024, our board of directors approved a mortgage loan origination program (the “Origination Program”), pursuant to which our Advisor has been delegated authority to originate and sell mortgage loans. The purpose of the Origination Program is to allow us to earn origination fees for originating mortgage loans. Our intention is to sell such mortgage loans to another party within a short period. When sold, a portion of the origination fees earned may be passed onto the subsequent purchaser of the loan. Under the terms of the Origination Program, loans may be sold to affiliates of
the Advisor, including joint venture partnerships in which we have an interest, provided each party is responsible for their own expenses and there are no transaction, management or other fees paid by us (apart from fees and expenses it pays pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with our Advisor). We may have a direct or indirect interest in an Ares-managed fund or investment program that acquires such loans. The Origination Program authorizes the Advisor to approve co-lending arrangements for mortgage loans originated under the program, including with affiliates of the Advisor that may also originate portions of these mortgage loans to earn origination fees alongside us, pursuant to which we may originate a portion of a larger mortgage loan. Each co-lender must be responsible for their own expenses and there may be no transaction, management or other fees paid by us to the other co-lenders (apart from fees and expenses it pays pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with our Advisor). During the year ended December 31, 2025, we sold 11 loans, including one loan which was held for sale as of December 31, 2024, totaling $1.05 billion, equal to the carrying cost of the debt-related investments on the dates of sale, to a joint venture partnership in which we have an ownership interest. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we had not sold any mortgage loans originated under the Origination Program to any affiliates of our Advisor.