Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Summary of Restricted Stock Unit Activity

A summary of the restricted stock unit activity under the Plans for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was as follows:

	Shares			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Restricted stock units outstanding as of December 31, 2024		42,865		$	132.09
Granted		62,020		$	9.86
Vested		(15,104	)	$	139.18
Forfeited		(3,977	)	$	35.91
Restricted stock units outstanding as of June 30, 2025		85,804		$	46.96

Summary of Stock Option Activity Under Plans

A summary of the stock option activity under the Plans for the six months ended June 30, 2025 was as follows:

	Shares			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2024		126,255		$	283.02		7.5	$	—
Cancelled		(36,296	)	$	459.64
Outstanding at June 30, 2025		89,959		$	211.75		7.4	$	—

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025		2024			2025		2024
Research and development	$	240	$	(290	)	$	513	$	413
General and administrative		674		1,414			1,226		2,873
Total	$	914	$	1,124		$	1,739	$	3,286