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Equity Compensation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Equity Compensation
Note 11 – Equity Compensation

The Company has adopted the Roan Resources, Inc. Amended and Restated Management Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which provides for grants of options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock unit, stock awards, dividend equivalents, other stock-based awards, cash awards and substitute awards.

Prior to the Reorganization, Roan LLC granted performance share units to certain of its employees under the Roan LLC Management Incentive Plan. The performance share units were converted into awards of performance share units under the Plan, hereafter referred to as the “PSUs,” and are subject to the terms of the Plan and individual award agreements. The amount of PSUs that can be earned range from 0% to 200% based on the Company’s market value on December 31, 2020 (“Performance Period End Date”). The Company’s market value on the Performance Period End Date will be determined by reference to the volume-weighted average price of the Company’s Class A common stock for the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the Performance Period End Date. Each earned PSU will be settled through the issuance of one share of the Company’s Class A common stock. Other than the security in which the PSUs are settled, no terms of the PSUs were modified in connection with the conversion of the PSUs.

The following table summarizes information related to the total number of PSUs awarded as of September 30, 2018:
 
Number of
PSUs
 
Weighted
Average Fair
Value
 
Total Fair
Value ($ in thousands)
PSUs outstanding at December 31, 2017
16,350,000

 
$
1.41

 
$
23,054

PSUs granted
6,825,000

 
$
1.88

 
$
12,810

PSUs vested

 
$

 
$

Conversion (1)
(22,016,250
)
 
$

 
$

PSUs outstanding at September 30, 2018
1,158,750

 
$
30.95

 
$
35,864


(1) PSUs were converted on a basis of 0.05 to 1.0. There was no change to the deemed fair value of the awards based on assessment of modification.

Compensation expense associated with the PSUs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $2.9 million and $8.1 million, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Unrecognized expense as of September 30, 2018 for all outstanding PSU awards was $27.4 million and will be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 2.25 years. Under the treasury stock method, the PSUs are antidilutive for the weighted average share calculation and therefore are excluded from dilutive weighted average shares in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The grant date fair value of the PSUs was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which results in an estimated percentage of performance share units earned and estimated Company value on the Performance Period End Date. The grant date fair value of the PSUs is expensed on a straight-line basis from the grant date to the Performance Period End Date.

The following assumptions were used for the Monte Carlo simulation model to determine the grant date fair value and associated compensation expense for the PSUs granted during the following periods:
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Company enterprise value (in billions)
$
4.56

$
4.19

Equity volatility
34.0
%
36.0
%
Weighted average risk-free interest rate
1.96
%
2.54
%