-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, GEEHnq1MwJo8t666qdU2u/xBp0dX9t7tuGFIQPDFZZfVL2yD45uh12KA7NGwF75U XjDJpOLS/+vgBD+kyEEXQg== 0000950134-09-010972.txt : 20090522 0000950134-09-010972.hdr.sgml : 20090522 20090518171925 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950134-09-010972 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 4 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20090512 ITEM INFORMATION: Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement ITEM INFORMATION: Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20090518 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20090518 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LINN ENERGY, LLC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001326428 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: CRUDE PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS [1311] IRS NUMBER: 651177591 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-51719 FILM NUMBER: 09837495 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 600 TRAVIS STREET 2: SUITE 5100 CITY: HOUSTON STATE: TX ZIP: 77002 BUSINESS PHONE: 281-605-4100 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 600 TRAVIS STREET 2: SUITE 5100 CITY: HOUSTON STATE: TX ZIP: 77002 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: Linn Energy, LLC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20050506 8-K 1 h66847e8vk.htm FORM 8-K e8vk
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported)
May 18, 2009 (May 12, 2009)
LINN ENERGY, LLC
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
         
Delaware   000-51719   65-1177591
(State or other jurisdiction of   (Commission File No.)   (IRS Employer Identification No.)
incorporation)        
     
600 Travis, Suite 5100    
Houston, Texas   77002
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
(281) 840-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former names or former address, if changed since last report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
o   Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
 
o   Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
 
o   Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 14d-2(b))
 
o   Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
 
 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits
SIGNATURE
EXHIBIT INDEX
EX-4.1
EX-4.2
EX-10.1


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Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
          The information included or incorporated by reference in Item 2.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K (this “Report”) is incorporated by reference into this Item 1.01 of this Report.
Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.
Purchase Agreement
          On May 12, 2009, Linn Energy, LLC (the “Company”), Linn Energy Finance Corp. (“Finance Corp” and together with the Company, the “Issuers”) and its material subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”) entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with , Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Barclays Capital Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Calyon Securities (USA) Inc., RBC Capital Markets Corporation and RBS Securities Inc., as representatives of a group of initial purchasers (collectively, the “Initial Purchasers”), pursuant to which the Issuers agreed to sell $250,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Issuers’ 11.750% Senior Notes due 2017 (the “2017 Notes”). The 2017 Notes were sold at a price equal to 95.081% of par. The 2017 Notes were offered and sold in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The 2017 Notes were resold to qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act.
          The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations and warranties of the parties and indemnification and contribution provisions under which the Issuers and the Guarantors, on one hand, and the Initial Purchasers, on the other, have agreed to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. The Issuers also agreed not to issue certain debt securities for a period of 60 days after May 12, 2009, without the prior consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
Indenture and 2017 Notes
          The 2017 Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated May 18, 2009 (the “Indenture”), among the Issuers, the Subsidiary Guarantors and U. S. Bank, National Association, as trustee. The 2017 Notes are general unsecured senior obligations of the Issuers. The 2017 Notes are unconditionally guaranteed jointly and severally on a senior unsecured basis by the Subsidiary Guarantors and certain future subsidiaries of the Company. The 2017 Notes rank equal in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of the Issuers, and senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness of the Issuers. The 2017 Notes are effectively junior in right of payment to any secured indebtedness of the Issuers to the extent of the collateral securing such indebtedness, and to any indebtedness and other liabilities of any non-guarantor subsidiaries. The guarantees rank equal in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of such guarantor subsidiary, and senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness of such guarantor subsidiary. The guarantees are effectively junior in right of payment to any secured indebtedness of such subsidiary guarantor to the extent of the collateral securing such indebtedness.
          Interest and Maturity
          The 2017 Notes will mature on May 15, 2017, and interest on the 2017 Notes is payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on each May 15 and November 15, commencing November 15, 2009. Interest will be payable to holders of record on the May 1st and November 1st immediately preceding the related interest payment date, and will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
          Optional Redemption
          At any time prior to May 15, 2011, the Issuers may on one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of 2017 Notes issued under the Indenture at a redemption price of 111.75% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date (subject to the right of holders of

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record on the relevant record date to receive interest payable on or prior to the redemption date), using the net cash proceeds of one or more equity offerings by the Company, provided that:
    at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of 2017 Notes issued under the Indenture remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (excluding 2017 Notes held by the Company and its subsidiaries); and
 
    the redemption occurs within 180 days of the date of the closing of such equity offering.
          Prior to May 15, 2013, the Issuers may redeem all or part of the 2017 Notes upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at a redemption price equal to the sum of:
    the principal amount thereof, plus
 
    accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), plus
 
    the Make Whole Premium (as defined in the Indenture) at the redemption date.
          On and after May 15, 2013, the Issuers may redeem all or a part of the 2017 Notes, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the applicable redemption date, on the 2017 Notes redeemed (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest payable on or prior to the redemption date), if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on May 15 of the years indicated below:
         
Year   Percentage
2013
    105.875 %
2014
    102.938 %
2015 and thereafter
    100.000 %
          Change of Control
          If a change of control event occurs, each holder of 2017 Notes may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the 2017 Notes for cash at a price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2017 Notes, plus any accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest payable on or prior to the repurchase date).
          Certain Covenants
          The Indenture contains covenants that, among other things, limit the Issuers’ ability and the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to: (i) pay distributions on, purchase or redeem the Company’s units or redeem its subordinated debt; (ii) make investments; (iii) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities; (iv) create certain liens; (v) sell assets; (vi) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the Issuers’ assets; (vii) enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to the Company; (viii) engage in transactions with affiliates; and (ix) create unrestricted subsidiaries.
          Events of Default
          Upon a continuing event of default, the trustee or the holders of 25% principal amount of the 2017 Notes may declare the 2017 Notes immediately due and payable, except that a default resulting from entry into a bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization with respect to the Issuers, any restricted subsidiary of the Company that is a significant subsidiary or any group of its restricted subsidiaries that, taken together, would constitute a significant subsidiary of the Company, will automatically cause all 2017 Notes to become due and payable. Each of the following constitutes an event of default under the Indenture:

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    default for 30 days in the payment when due of interest on the 2017 Notes;
 
    default in payment when due of the principal of, or premium, if any, on the 2017 Notes;
 
    failure by the Company to comply with its covenants relating to asset sales, repurchases of the 2017 Notes or mergers;
 
    failure by the Company for 90 days after notice to comply with its reporting obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
 
    failure by the Company for 60 days after notice to comply with any of the other agreements in the Indenture;
 
    default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument governing any indebtedness for money borrowed or guaranteed by the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries, whether such indebtedness or guarantee now exists or is created after the date of the Indenture, if such default: (i) is caused by a payment default; or (ii) results in the acceleration of such indebtedness prior to its stated maturity, and, in each case, the principal amount of the indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such indebtedness under which there has been a payment default or acceleration of maturity, aggregates $40.0 million or more, subject to a cure provision;
 
    failure by the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries to pay final judgments aggregating in excess of $40.0 million, which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed for a period of 60 days;
 
    if any subsidiary guarantee is held in any judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid, or ceases for any reason to be in full force and effect, or any Guarantor, or any person acting on behalf of any Guarantor, denies or dissafirms its obligations under its subsidiary guarantee; and
 
    certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization described in the Indenture with respect to the Issuers or any of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries that is a significant subsidiary or any group of its restricted subsidiaries that, taken as a whole, would constitute a significant subsidiary of the Company.
Registration Rights Agreement
          In connection with the issuance and sale of the 2017 Notes, the Issuers and the Subsidiary Guarantors entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with representatives of the Initial Purchasers, dated May 18, 2009. Under the Registration Rights Agreement, the Issuers and the Subsidiary Guarantors agreed to use their reasonable best efforts to file with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and cause to become effective a registration statement relating to an offer to issue new notes having terms substantially identical to the 2017 Notes in exchange for outstanding 2017 Notes. In certain circumstances, the Issuers and the Subsidiary Guarantors may be required to file a shelf registration statement to cover resales of the 2017 Notes. The Issuers and the Subsidiary Guarantors will be obligated to file one or more registration statements as described above only if the restrictive legend on the 2017 Notes has not been removed (other than with respect to persons that are affiliates of the Company) and the 2017 Notes are not freely tradable (by persons other than the Company’s affiliates) pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as of the 366th day after the notes were issued. If the Issuers and the Subsidiary Guarantors fail to satisfy these obligations, the Company may be required to pay additional interest to holders of the 2017 Notes under certain circumstances.
The Issuers used the net proceeds of approximately $230.5 million, after deducting the initial purchasers’ discounts and estimated offering expenses, from the private placement to repay loans outstanding under the Company’s revolving credit facility. Affiliates of each of the Initial Purchasers are lenders under the revolving credit facility and therefore received substantially all of the net proceeds of the offering.

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          The descriptions set forth above in Item 2.03 are qualified in their entirety by the Purchase Agreement, the Indenture and the Registration Rights Agreement, which are filed with this Report as Exhibits 10.1, 4.1 and 4.2, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
          (d) Exhibits
     
4.1
  Indenture, dated May 18, 2009, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and U. S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
 
   
4.2
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 18, 2009, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the representatives of the Initial Purchasers named therein.
 
   
10.1
  Purchase Agreement, dated May 12, 2009, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the representatives of the Initial Purchasers named therein.

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SIGNATURE
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
         
Date: May 18, 2009  LINN ENERGY, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Charlene A. Ripley    
    Charlene A. Ripley
Senior Vice President, General Counsel and
Corporate Secretary 
 
 

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EXHIBIT INDEX
     
Exhibit No.   Description
4.1
  Indenture, dated May 18, 2009, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
 
   
4.2
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 18, 2009, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the representatives of the Initial Purchasers named therein.
 
   
10.1
  Purchase Agreement, dated May 12, 2009, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the representatives of the Initial Purchasers named therein.

7

EX-4.1 2 h66847exv4w1.htm EX-4.1 exv4w1
Execution Version
LINN ENERGY, LLC
LINN ENERGY FINANCE CORP.
AND
THE GUARANTORS NAMED ON THE SIGNATURE PAGE HEREOF
 
113/4% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2017
 
INDENTURE
Dated as of May 18, 2009
 
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
As Trustee


 

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE*
         
Trust Indenture   Indenture  
Act Section   Section  
310(a)(1)
    7.10  
(a)(2)
    7.10  
(a)(3)
    N/A  
(a)(4)
    N/A  
(a)(5)
    7.10  
(b)
    7.10  
(c)
    N/A  
311(a)
    7.11  
(b)
    7.11  
(c)
    N/A  
312(a)
    2.05  
(b)
    11.03  
(c)
    11.03  
313(a)
    7.06  
(b)(1)
    7.06  
(b)(2)
    7.06, 7.07  
(c)
    7.06, 11.02  
(d)
    7.06  
314(a)
    4.03, 4.04, 11.02  
(b)
    N/A  
(c)(1)
    11.04  
(c)(2)
    11.04  
(c)(3)
    N/A  
(d)
    N/A  
(e)
    11.05  
(f)
    N/A  
315(a)
    7.01  
(b)
    7.05, 11.02  
(c)
    7.01  
(d)
    7.01  
(e)
    6.11  
316(a)(last sentence)
    2.08  
(a)(1)(A)
    6.05  
(a)(1)(B)
    6.04  
(a)(2)
    N/A  
(b)
    6.07  
(c)
    9.04  
317(a)(1)
    6.08  
(a)(2)
    6.09  
(b)
    2.04  
318(a)
    11.01  
(b)
    N/A  
(c)
    11.01  
 
N/A   means not applicable.
 
*   This Cross-Reference Table is not part of the Indenture.

i


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
         
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
    1  
Section 1.01 Definitions
    1  
Section 1.02 Other Definitions
    32  
Section 1.03 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act
    33  
Section 1.04 Rules of Construction.
    33  
 
       
ARTICLE 2 THE NOTES
    33  
Section 2.01 Form and Dating
    33  
Section 2.02 Execution and Authentication
    34  
Section 2.03 Registrar and Paying Agent
    34  
Section 2.04 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust
    35  
Section 2.05 Noteholder Lists
    35  
Section 2.06 Transfer and Exchange
    35  
Section 2.07 Replacement Notes
    35  
Section 2.08 Outstanding Notes
    36  
Section 2.09 Temporary Notes
    36  
Section 2.10 Cancellation
    36  
Section 2.11 Defaulted Interest
    37  
Section 2.12 CUSIP Numbers
    37  
Section 2.13 Issuance of Additional Notes
    37  
Section 2.14 Persons Deemed Owners
    38  
 
       
ARTICLE 3 REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT
    38  
Section 3.01 Notices to Trustee
    38  
Section 3.02 Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed
    38  
Section 3.03 Notice of Redemption
    39  
Section 3.04 Effect of Notice of Redemption
    40  
Section 3.05 Deposit of Redemption Price
    40  
Section 3.06 Notes Redeemed in Part
    40  
Section 3.07 Optional Redemption
    41  
Section 3.08 Mandatory Redemption
    42  
Section 3.09 Offer to Purchase by Application of Excess Proceeds
    42  
 
       
ARTICLE 4 COVENANTS
    43  
Section 4.01 Payment of Notes
    43  
Section 4.02 Maintenance of Office or Agency
    44  
Section 4.03 Reports
    44  
Section 4.04 Compliance Certificate
    45  
Section 4.05 Taxes
    46  
Section 4.06 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws
    46  
Section 4.07 Limitation on Restricted Payments
    46  
Section 4.08 Limitation on Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries
    50  

ii


 

         
Section 4.09 Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock
    53  
Section 4.10 Limitation on Asset Sales
    56  
Section 4.11 Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates
    58  
Section 4.12 Limitation on Liens
    60  
Section 4.13 Additional Subsidiary Guarantees
    60  
Section 4.14 Existence
    60  
Section 4.15 Offer to Repurchase Upon Change of Control
    61  
Section 4.16 No Partial Inducements
    63  
Section 4.17 Limitations on Finance Corp. Activities
    63  
Section 4.18 Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries
    64  
 
       
ARTICLE 5 SUCCESSORS
    64  
Section 5.01 Merger, Consolidation, or Sale of Assets
    64  
Section 5.02 Successor Substituted
    66  
 
       
ARTICLE 6 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
    67  
Section 6.01 Events of Default
    67  
Section 6.02 Acceleration
    69  
Section 6.03 Other Remedies
    69  
Section 6.04 Waiver of Past Defaults
    70  
Section 6.05 Control by Majority
    70  
Section 6.06 Limitation on Suits
    70  
Section 6.07 Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment
    71  
Section 6.08 Collection Suit by Trustee
    71  
Section 6.09 Trustee is Authorized to File Proofs of Claim
    71  
Section 6.10 Priorities
    71  
Section 6.11 Undertaking for Costs
    72  
 
       
ARTICLE 7 TRUSTEE
    72  
Section 7.01 Duties of Trustee
    72  
Section 7.02 Rights of Trustee
    73  
Section 7.03 Individual Rights of Trustee
    75  
Section 7.04 Trustee’s Disclaimer
    75  
Section 7.05 Notice of Defaults
    75  
Section 7.06 Reports by Trustee to Holders of the Notes
    75  
Section 7.07 Compensation and Indemnity
    76  
Section 7.08 Replacement of Trustee
    77  
Section 7.09 Successor Trustee by Merger, etc
    78  
Section 7.10 Eligibility; Disqualification
    78  
Section 7.11 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuers
    78  
 
       
ARTICLE 8 LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE
    78  
Section 8.01 Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance
    78  
Section 8.02 Legal Defeasance and Discharge
    78  
Section 8.03 Covenant Defeasance
    79  
Section 8.04 Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance
    80  

iii


 

         
Section 8.05 Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions
    81  
Section 8.06 Repayment to Issuers
    81  
Section 8.07 Reinstatement
    82  
Section 8.08 Discharge
    82  
 
       
ARTICLE 9 AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER
    83  
Section 9.01 Without Consent of Holders of Notes
    83  
Section 9.02 With Consent of Holders of Notes
    84  
Section 9.03 Compliance with Trust Indenture Act
    86  
Section 9.04 Revocation and Effect of Consents
    86  
Section 9.05 Notation on or Exchange of Notes
    86  
Section 9.06 Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc
    87  
Section 9.07 Acts of Holders
    87  
 
       
ARTICLE 10 GUARANTEES OF NOTES
    88  
Section 10.01 Subsidiary Guarantees
    88  
Section 10.02 Guarantors May Consolidate, etc., on Certain Terms
    89  
Section 10.03 Releases of Subsidiary Guarantees
    89  
Section 10.04 Limitation on Guarantor Liability
    90  
Section 10.05 “Trustee” to Include Paying Agent
    90  
 
       
ARTICLE 11 MISCELLANEOUS
    91  
Section 11.01 Trust Indenture Act Controls
    91  
Section 11.02 Notices
    91  
Section 11.03 Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes
    92  
Section 11.04 Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent
    92  
Section 11.05 Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion
    93  
Section 11.06 Rules by Trustee and Agents
    94  
Section 11.07 No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Unitholders
    94  
Section 11.08 Governing Law
    94  
Section 11.09 No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements
    94  
Section 11.10 Successors
    94  
Section 11.11 Severability
    94  
Section 11.12 Table of Contents, Headings, etc
    94  
Section 11.13 Counterparts
    95  
Section 11.14 Benefits of Indenture
    95  
Section 11.15 Language of Notices, Etc
    95  

iv


 

APPENDIX AND ANNEXES
     
RULE 144A/REGULATION S APPENDIX
  App. - 1
 
   
EXHIBIT 1 Form of Initial Note
   
 
   
EXHIBIT 2 Form of Exchange Note or Private Exchange Note
   
 
   
ANNEX A Form of Supplemental Indenture
  A - 1
 
   
ANNEX B Form of Registration Rights Agreement
  B - 1

v


 

     This INDENTURE, dated as of May 18, 2009 is among LINN ENERGY, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), LINN ENERGY FINANCE CORP., a Delaware corporation (“Finance Corp.” and, together with the Company, the “Issuers”), the guarantors listed on the signature page hereof (each, a “Guarantor” and, collectively, the “Guarantors”) and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as trustee (the “Trustee”).
     The Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee agree as follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Issuers’ Initial Notes, Exchange Notes, Private Exchange Notes and Additional Notes:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION
BY REFERENCE
Section 1.01 Definitions.
     “Additional Assets” means:
     (1) any assets used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business, other than Indebtedness or Capital Stock;
     (2) the Capital Stock of a Person that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of the acquisition of such Capital Stock by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; or
     (3) Capital Stock constituting a minority interest in any Person that at such time is a Restricted Subsidiary;
provided, however, that any such Restricted Subsidiary described in clause (2) or (3) is primarily engaged in the Oil and Gas Business.
     “Additional Interest” means all Additional Interest then owing pursuant to Section 5 of the Registration Rights Agreement referred to in clause (1) of the definition of “Registration Rights Agreement” in the Appendix. Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references to “interest” in this Indenture or the Notes shall be deemed to include any Additional Interest.
     “Additional Notes” means, subject to the Company’s compliance with Section 4.09, 113/4% Senior Notes due 2017 issued from time to time after the Initial Issuance Date under the terms of this Indenture (other than pursuant to Section 2.06, 2.07, 2.09, 3.06, 4.10, 4.15 or 9.05 of this Indenture or Sections 2.3 or 2.4 of the Appendix and other than Exchange Notes or Private Exchange Notes issued pursuant to an exchange offer for Initial Notes outstanding under this Indenture).
     “Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” of a specified Person means (without duplication), as of the date of determination:
     (1) the sum of:

 


 

     (a) discounted future net revenue from proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before any state or federal or other income taxes, as estimated by the Company in a reserve report prepared as of the end of the fiscal year of such Person for which audited financial statements are available, as increased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenue from:
     (i) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to acquisitions consummated since the date of such reserve report, which reserves were not reflected in such reserve report, and
     (ii) estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward revisions of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves (including previously estimated development costs incurred during the period and the accretion of discount since the prior period end) due to exploration, development or exploitation, production or other activities which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices for the fiscal quarter ending prior to the date of determination),
and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenue attributable to:
     (A) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such reserve report produced or disposed of since the date of such reserve report, and
     (B) reductions in the estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such reserve report since the date of such reserve report due to changes in geological conditions or other factors which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, in the case of clauses (A) and (B) calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices for the fiscal quarter ending prior to the date of determination);
provided, however, that, in the case of each of the determinations made pursuant to clauses (i), (ii), (A) and (B) above, such increases and decreases shall be estimated by the Company’s petroleum engineers;
     (b) the capitalized costs that are attributable to crude oil and natural gas properties of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries to which no proved crude oil and natural gas reserves are attributable, based on such Person’s books

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and records as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements;
     (c) the Net Working Capital of such Person as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements; and
     (d) the greater of:
     (i) the net book value of other tangible assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements, and
     (ii) the appraised value, as estimated by independent appraisers, of other tangible assets of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of a date no earlier than the date of such Person’s latest available annual or quarterly financial statements (provided that such Person shall not be required to obtain such an appraisal of such assets if no such appraisal has been performed);
     minus
     (2) the sum of:
     (a) Minority Interests;
     (b) to the extent not otherwise taken into account in determining Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets, any net natural gas balancing liabilities of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such Person’s latest audited financial statements;
     (c) to the extent included in clause (1)(a) above, the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such Person’s year end reserve report), attributable to reserves subject to participation interests, overriding royalty interests or other interests of third parties, pursuant to participation, partnership, vendor financing or other agreements then in effect, or which otherwise are required to be delivered to third parties;
     (d) to the extent included in clause (1)(a) above, the discounted future net revenue calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such Person’s year end reserve report), attributable to reserves that are required to be delivered to third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto; and
     (e) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines, attributable to reserves subject to Dollar-Denominated

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Production Payments that, based on the estimates of production and price assumptions included in determining the discounted future net revenue specified in clause (1)(a) above, would be necessary to satisfy fully the obligations of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto.
     If the Company changes its method of accounting from the full cost method to the successful efforts method or a similar method of accounting, “Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” of the Company will continue to be calculated as if the Company were still using the full cost method of accounting.
     “Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, “control,” as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise. For purposes of this definition, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with” have correlative meanings.
     “Agent” means any Registrar or Paying Agent.
     “Applicable Law,” except as the context may otherwise require, means all applicable laws, rules, regulations, ordinances, judgments, decrees, injunctions, writs and orders of any court or governmental or congressional agency or authority and rules, regulations, orders, licenses and permits of any United States federal, state, municipal, regional, or other governmental body, instrumentality, agency or authority.
     “Applicable Procedures” of a Depository means, with respect to any matter at any time, the policies and procedures of such Depository, if any, that are applicable to such matter at such time.
     “Asset Sale” means:
     (1) the sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of any properties or assets (including by way of a Production Payment or a sale and leaseback transaction or mergers, consolidations or otherwise); provided, however, that the disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole will not be an “Asset Sale,” but will be governed by the provisions of Section 4.15 and/or the provisions of Section 5.01 and not by the provisions of Section 4.10; and
     (2) the issuance of Equity Interests in any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries or the sale of Equity Interests in any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.
Notwithstanding the preceding, the following items will not be deemed to be Asset Sales:
     (1) any single transaction or series of related transactions that involves properties or assets having a fair market value of less than $10.0 million;

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     (2) a disposition of assets between or among any of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries,
     (3) an issuance or sale of Equity Interests by a Restricted Subsidiary to the Company or to another Restricted Subsidiary;
     (4) any disposition of equipment, inventory, products, accounts receivable or other properties or assets in the ordinary course of business;
     (5) the disposition of cash or Cash Equivalents, Hedging Contracts or other financial instruments in the ordinary course of business;
     (6) a Restricted Payment that is permitted by Section 4.07 or a Permitted Investment;
     (7) the farm-out, lease or sublease of developed or undeveloped crude oil or natural gas properties owned or held by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business or in exchange for crude oil and natural gas properties owned or held by another Person;
     (8) any trade or exchange by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of oil and gas properties or other properties or assets for oil and gas properties or other properties or assets owned or held by another Person, provided that the fair market value of the properties or assets traded or exchanged by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (together with any cash) is reasonably equivalent to the fair market value of the properties or assets (together with any cash) to be received by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, and provided further that any cash received must be applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.10;
     (9) the creation or perfection of a Lien (but not, except to the extent contemplated in clause (10) below, the sale or other disposition of the properties or assets subject to such Lien);
     (10) the creation or perfection of a Permitted Lien and the exercise by any Person in whose favor a Permitted Lien is granted of any of its rights in respect of that Permitted Lien;
     (11) a surrender or waiver of contract rights or the settlement, release or surrender of contract, tort or other claims of any kind;
     (12) the grant in the ordinary course of business of any non-exclusive license or sublicense of patents, trademarks, registrations therefor and other similar intellectual property, including without limitation licenses of seismic data; and
     (13) the disposition of oil and natural gas properties in connection with tax credit transactions complying with Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code or any successor or analogous provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.

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     “Attributable Debt” in respect of a sale and leaseback transaction means, at the time of determination, the present value of the obligation of the lessee for net rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included in such sale and leaseback transaction including any period for which such lease has been extended or may, at the option of the lessor, be extended. Such present value shall be calculated using a discount rate equal to the rate of interest implicit in such transaction, determined in accordance with GAAP. As used in the preceding sentence, the “net rental payments” under any lease for any period shall mean the sum of rental and other payments required to be paid with respect to such period by the lessee thereunder, excluding any amounts required to be paid by such lessee on account of maintenance and repairs, insurance, taxes, assessments, water rates or similar charges. In the case of any lease that is terminable by the lessee upon payment of penalty, such net rental payment shall also include the amount of such penalty, but no rent shall be considered as required to be paid under such lease subsequent to the first date upon which it may be so terminated.
     “Available Cash” has the meaning assigned to such term in the LLC Agreement, as in effect on the date of this Indenture.
     “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, United States Code, as may be amended from time to time, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.
     “Beneficial Owner” has the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that in calculating the beneficial ownership of any particular “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such “person” will be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all securities that such “person” has the right to acquire by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only upon the occurrence of a subsequent condition. The terms “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” have correlative meanings.
     “Board of Directors” means:
     (1) with respect to Finance Corp., the board of directors of Finance Corp.;
     (2) with respect to the Company, the Board of Directors of the Company or any authorized committee thereof; and
     (3) with respect to any other Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a similar function.
     “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the applicable Person to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of such Person and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.
     “Business Day” means each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in Houston, Texas or in New York, New York or another place of payment are authorized or required by law to close.

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     “Capital Lease Obligation” means, at the time any determination is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a capital lease that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP, and the Stated Maturity thereof shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be prepaid by the lessee without payment of a penalty.
     “Capital Stock” means:
     (1) in the case of a corporation, corporate stock;
     (2) in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock;
     (3) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership interests (whether general or limited) or membership interests; and
     (4) any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person,
but excluding from all of the foregoing any debt securities convertible into Capital Stock, regardless of whether such debt securities include any right of participation with Capital Stock.
     “Cash Equivalents” means:
     (1) United States dollars;
     (2) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any agency or instrumentality of the United States government (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support of those securities) having maturities of not more than one year from the date of acquisition;
     (3) marketable general obligations issued by any state of the United States of America or any political subdivision of any such state or any public instrumentality thereof maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof and, at the time of acquisition thereof, having a credit rating of “A” or better from either S&P or Moody’s;
     (4) certificates of deposit, demand deposits and eurodollar time deposits with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances with maturities not exceeding one year and overnight bank deposits, in each case, with any domestic commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500.0 million and a Thomson Bank Watch Rating of “B” or better;
     (5) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2), (3) and (4) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (4) above;

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     (6) commercial paper having the highest rating obtainable from Moody’s or S&P and, in each case, maturing within six months after the date of acquisition; and
     (7) money market funds at least 95% of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (1) through (6) of this definition.
Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following:
     (1) the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the properties or assets (including Capital Stock of the Restricted Subsidiaries) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole, to any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act);
     (2) the adoption by the unitholders of the Company of a plan relating to the liquidation or dissolution of the Company;
     (3) the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any “person” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the Voting Stock of the Company, measured by voting power rather than number of shares, units or the like; or
     (4) the first day on which a majority of the members of the Board of Directors of the Company are not Continuing Directors.
     Notwithstanding the preceding, a conversion of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from a limited liability company, corporation, limited partnership or other form of entity to a limited liability company, corporation, limited partnership or other form of entity or an exchange of all of the outstanding Equity Interests in one form of entity for Equity Interests in another form of entity shall not constitute a Change of Control, so long as following such conversion or exchange the “persons” (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) who Beneficially Owned the Capital Stock of the Company immediately prior to such transactions continue to Beneficially Own in the aggregate more than 50% of the Voting Stock of such entity, or continue to Beneficially Own sufficient Equity Interests in such entity to elect a majority of its directors, managers, trustees or other persons serving in a similar capacity for such entity, and, in either case no “person” Beneficially Owns more than 50% of the Voting Stock of such entity.
     “Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, S.A., or any successor securities clearing agency.
     “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.
     “Consolidated Cash Flow” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the Consolidated Net Income of such Person for such period plus, without duplication:

8


 

     (1) an amount equal to any net loss realized by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with an Asset Sale, to the extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
     (2) provision for taxes based on income or profits of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such provision for taxes was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
     (3) the Fixed Charges of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such Fixed Charges were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
     (4) depreciation, depletion, amortization (including amortization of intangibles but excluding amortization of prepaid cash expenses that were paid in a prior period), impairment and other non-cash expenses (excluding any such non-cash expense to the extent that it represents an accrual of or reserve for cash expenses in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior period) of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period to the extent that such depreciation, depletion, amortization, impairment and other non-cash expenses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
     (5) unrealized non-cash losses resulting from foreign currency balance sheet adjustments required by GAAP to the extent such losses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; minus
     (6) non-cash items increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, other than items that were accrued in the ordinary course of business; and minus
     (7) to the extent increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, the sum of (a) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during such period and are attributable to reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments and (b) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments;
in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP.
     “Consolidated Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate of the Net Income of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP, provided that:
     (1) the Net Income (but not loss) of any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary or that is accounted for by the equity method of accounting will be included, but only to the extent of the amount of dividends or distributions paid in cash to the specified Person or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Person;
     (2) the Net Income of any Restricted Subsidiary will be excluded to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary of that Net Income is not at the date of determination permitted without any

9


 

prior governmental approval (that has not been obtained) or, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders, partners or members;
     (3) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles will be excluded;
     (4) any gain (loss) realized upon the sale or other disposition of any property, plant or equipment of such Person or its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries (including pursuant to any sale or leaseback transaction) which is not sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business and any gain (loss) realized upon the sale or other disposition of any Capital Stock of any Person will be excluded;
     (5) any asset impairment writedowns on oil and gas properties under GAAP or SEC guidelines will be excluded;
     (6) unrealized losses and gains under Hedging Contracts included in the determination of Consolidated Net Income, including, without limitation those resulting from the application of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 will be excluded;
     (7) to the extent deducted in the calculation of Net Income, any non-cash or nonrecurring charges relating to any premium or penalty paid, write off of deferred financing costs or other financial recapitalization charges in connection with redeeming or retiring any Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity will be excluded;
     (8) items classified as extraordinary or nonrecurring gains and losses (less all fees and expenses related thereto) and the related tax effects, in each case according to GAAP, will be excluded; and
     (9) income resulting from transfers of assets (other than cash) between such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and an Unrestricted Subsidiary of such Person, on the other hand, will be excluded.
     “Consolidated Net Worth” means, with respect to any specified Person as of any date, the sum of:
     (1) the consolidated equity of the common stockholders of such Person and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of such date; plus
     (2) the respective amounts reported on such Person’s balance sheet as of such date with respect to any series of preferred stock (other than Disqualified Stock) that by its terms is not entitled to the payment of dividends unless such dividends may be declared and paid only out of net earnings in respect of the year of such declaration and payment, but only to the extent of any cash received by such Person upon issuance of such preferred stock.

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     “Continuing Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the Board of Directors of the Company who:
     (1) was a member of such Board of Directors on the date of this Indenture; or
     (2) was nominated for election or elected to such Board of Directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of such Board at the time of such nomination or election.
     “Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” means the office of the Trustee in the City of New York at which at any time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at 100 Wall Street, Suite 1600, New York, New York 10005, Attn: Corporate Trust Department, or such other address in the City of New York as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Issuers, or the principal corporate trust office in the City of New York of any successor Trustee (or such other address as a successor Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Issuers).
     “Credit Agreement” means that certain Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2009, as amended by the First Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effective May 15, 2009, among the Company, BNP Paribas, as Administrative Agent, and the other lenders party thereto, including any related notes, guarantees, collateral documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith, in each case as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced from time to time.
     “Credit Facilities” means one or more debt facilities (including, without limitation, the Credit Agreement), commercial paper facilities or Debt Issuances, in each case with banks or other institutional lenders or institutional investors providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, receivables financing (including through the sale of receivables to such lenders or to special purpose entities formed to borrow from such lenders against such receivables), letters of credit or other borrowings or Debt Issuances, in each case, as amended, restated, modified, renewed, refunded, replaced or refinanced (including refinancing with any capital markets transaction) in whole or in part from time to time.
     “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.
     “date of this Indenture” means May 18, 2009.
     “Debt Issuance” means, with respect to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, one or more issuances after the date of this Indenture of Indebtedness evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar securities or instruments.
     “Default” means any event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.
     “Depository” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.

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     “Disqualified Stock” means any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or redeemable at the option of the holder of the Capital Stock, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is 91 days after the final stated maturity date of the Notes. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders of the Capital Stock have the right to require the Company to repurchase or redeem such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of control or an asset sale will not constitute Disqualified Stock if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that the Company may not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions unless such repurchase or redemption complies with Section 4.07. The amount (or principal amount) of Disqualified Stock deemed to be outstanding at any time for purposes of this Indenture will be the maximum amount that the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may become obligated to pay upon the maturity of, or pursuant to any mandatory redemption provisions of, such Disqualified Stock, exclusive of accrued dividends.
     “Dollar-Denominated Production Payments” means production payment obligations recorded as liabilities in accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.
     “Domestic Subsidiary” means any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that was formed under the laws of the United States or any state of the United States or the District of Columbia.
     “Equity Interests” means Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).
     “Equity Offering” means any public or private sale of Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) made for cash on a primary basis by the Company after the date of this Indenture.
     “Equity Repurchase” means the repurchase or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company pursuant to any stock repurchase plan of the Company approved by the Board of Directors of the Company and effected in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise in accordance with Applicable Law.
     “Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. or any successor securities clearing agency.
     “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     “Exchange Notes” has the meaning specified in the Appendix.
     “Existing Immaterial Subsidiaries” means, collectively, Linn Western Processing, LLC, Linn Western Operating, Inc., Mid Atlantic Well Service, Inc., Penn West Storage, LLC, Marathon 85-II Limited Partnership and Marathon 85-III Limited Partnership.

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     “Existing Indebtedness” means the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement and intercompany Indebtedness, but including the Existing Senior Notes) in existence on the date of this Indenture, until such amounts are repaid.
     “Existing Senior Notes” means the $255,927,000 aggregate principal amount of 97/8% Senior Notes due 2018 issued by the Issuers on June 27, 2008.
     “Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means with respect to any specified Person for any four-quarter reference period, the ratio of the Consolidated Cash Flow of such Person for such period to the Fixed Charges of such Person for such period. In the event that the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries incurs, assumes, guarantees, repays, repurchases, redeems, defeases or otherwise discharges any Indebtedness (other than ordinary working capital borrowings) or issues, repurchases or redeems preferred stock subsequent to the commencement of the applicable four-quarter reference period and on or prior to the date on which the event for which the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio is made (the “Calculation Date”), then the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio will be calculated giving pro forma effect to such incurrence, assumption, guarantee, repayment, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other discharge of Indebtedness, or such issuance, repurchase or redemption of preferred stock, and the use of the proceeds therefrom, as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter reference period.
     In addition, for purposes of calculating the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio:
     (1) acquisitions that have been made by the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, including through mergers, consolidations or otherwise (including acquisitions of assets used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business), or any Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries acquired by the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, and including in each case any related financing transactions and increases in ownership of Restricted Subsidiaries, during the applicable four-quarter reference period or subsequent to such reference period and on or prior to the Calculation Date, will be given pro forma effect as if they had occurred on the first day of the four-quarter reference period, and the Consolidated Cash Flow for such reference period will be calculated giving pro forma effect to any expense and cost reductions that have occurred or are reasonably expected to occur, in the reasonable judgment of the chief financial or accounting officer of the Company (regardless of whether those cost savings or operating improvements could then be reflected in pro forma financial statements in accordance with Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act or any other regulation or policy of the SEC related thereto);
     (2) the Consolidated Cash Flow attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses (and ownership interests therein) disposed of prior to the Calculation Date, will be excluded;
     (3) the Fixed Charges attributable to discontinued operations, as determined in accordance with GAAP, and operations or businesses (and ownership interests therein) disposed of prior to the Calculation Date, will be excluded, but only to the extent that the

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obligations giving rise to such Fixed Charges will not be obligations of the specified Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries following the Calculation Date;
     (4) any Person that is a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person on the Calculation Date will be deemed to have been a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person at all times during such four-quarter period;
     (5) any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person on the Calculation Date will be deemed not to have been a Restricted Subsidiary of the specified Person at any time during such four-quarter period; and
     (6) if any Indebtedness bears a floating rate of interest, the interest expense on such Indebtedness will be calculated as if the rate in effect on the Calculation Date had been the applicable rate for the entire period (taking into account any obligations arising under any Hedging Contract applicable to such Indebtedness if such Hedging Contract has a remaining term as at the Calculation Date in excess of 12 months).
     “Fixed Charges” means, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the sum, without duplication, of:
     (1) the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued (excluding any interest attributable to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments but including, without limitation, amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount, non-cash interest payments, the interest component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, imputed interest with respect to Attributable Debt, commissions, discounts and other fees and charges incurred in respect of letter of credit or bankers’ acceptance financings), and net of the effect of all payments made or received pursuant to interest rate Hedging Contracts; plus
     (2) the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Restricted Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such period; plus
     (3) any interest expense on Indebtedness of another Person that is guaranteed by such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries or secured by a Lien on assets of such Person or one of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether or not such guarantee or Lien is called upon; plus
     (4) all dividends on any series of preferred securities of such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether paid or accrued and whether or not in cash, other than dividends on Equity Interests payable solely in Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company,
in each case, on a consolidated basis and in accordance with GAAP.
     “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, which are in effect on the date of this Indenture.

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     “Global Note” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Government Securities” means direct obligations of, or obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America for the payment of which guarantee or obligations the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged.
     The term “guarantee” means a guarantee other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business, direct or indirect, in any manner including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of assets or through letters of credit or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof, of all or any part of any Indebtedness or entered into for purposes of assuring in any other manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part). When used as a verb, “guarantee” has a correlative meaning.
     “Guarantors” means each of (a) the Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, other than Finance Corp. and the Existing Immaterial Subsidiaries, executing this Indenture as initial Guarantors, (b) any other Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that executes a supplement to this Indenture in accordance with Section 4.13 or 10.02 hereof and (c) the respective successors and assigns of such Restricted Subsidiaries in each case until such time as any such Restricted Subsidiary shall be released and relieved of its obligations pursuant to Section 4.13, 8.02, 8.03 or 10.04 hereof.
     “Hedging Contracts” means, with respect to any specified Person:
     (1) interest rate swap agreements, interest rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements entered into with one of more financial institutions and designed to protect the Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entering into the agreement against fluctuations in interest rates, or to otherwise reduce the cost of borrowing of such Person or any of such Restricted Subsidiaries, with respect to Indebtedness incurred;
     (2) foreign exchange contracts and currency protection agreements entered into with one of more financial institutions and designed to protect the Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries entering into the agreement against fluctuations in currency exchanges rates with respect to Indebtedness incurred;
     (3) any commodity futures contract, commodity swap, commodity option, commodity forward sale or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect against fluctuations in the price of Hydrocarbons used, produced, processed or sold by that Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries at the time; and
     (4) other agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates, commodity prices or currency exchange rates,
     and in each case are entered into only in the normal course of business and not for speculative purposes.
     “Holder” or “Noteholder” means a Person in whose name a Note is registered.

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     “Hydrocarbons” means crude oil, natural gas, casinghead gas, drip gasoline, natural gasoline, condensate, distillate, liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons and all constituents, elements or compounds thereof and products refined or processed therefrom.
     “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any specified Person, any indebtedness of such Person, whether or not contingent:
     (1) in respect of borrowed money;
     (2) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof);
     (3) in respect of bankers’ acceptances;
     (4) representing Capital Lease Obligations or Attributable Debt in respect of sale and leaseback transactions;
     (5) representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable; or
     (6) representing any obligations under Hedging Contracts,
if and to the extent any of the preceding items (other than letters of credit and obligations under Hedging Contracts) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, the term “Indebtedness” includes all Indebtedness of other Persons secured by a Lien on any asset of the specified Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by the specified Person (provided that the amount of such Indebtedness will be the lesser of (a) the fair market value of such asset at such date of determination and (b) the amount of such Indebtedness of such other Person), and, to the extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by the specified Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person (including, with respect to any Production Payment, any warranties or guarantees of production or payment by such Person with respect to such Production Payment, but excluding other contractual obligations of such Person with respect to such Production Payment).
     Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following shall not constitute “Indebtedness”:
     (i) any indebtedness which has been defeased in accordance with GAAP or defeased pursuant to the deposit of cash or Cash Equivalents (in an amount sufficient to satisfy all such indebtedness obligations at maturity or redemption, as applicable, and all payments of interest and premium, if any) in a trust or account created or pledged for the sole benefit of the holders of such indebtedness, and subject to no other Liens, and the other applicable terms of the instrument governing such indebtedness;
     (ii) any obligation of a Person in respect of a farm-in agreement or similar arrangement whereby such Person agrees to pay all or a share of the drilling, completion or other expenses of an exploratory or development well (which agreement may be subject to a maximum payment obligation, after which expenses are shared in accordance with the working or participation interest therein or in accordance with the agreement of

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the parties) or perform the drilling, completion or other operation on such well in exchange for an ownership interest in an oil or gas property; and
     (iii) any obligations arising from agreements of a Person providing for indemnification, guarantees, adjustment of purchase price, holdbacks, contingent payment obligations based on a final financial statement or performance of acquired or disposed of assets or similar obligations (other than guarantees of Indebtedness), in each case, incurred or assumed by such Person in connection with the acquisition or disposition of assets (including through mergers, consolidations or otherwise).
     The amount (or principal amount) of any Indebtedness outstanding as of any date will be:
     (1) the accreted value of the Indebtedness, in the case of any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount;
     (2) in the case of obligations under any Hedging Contracts, the termination value of the agreement or arrangement giving rise to such obligations that would be payable by such Person at such date; and
     (3) the principal amount of the Indebtedness, together with any interest on the Indebtedness that is more than 30 days past due, in the case of any other Indebtedness.
     The amount of Indebtedness of any Person at any date will be the outstanding balance at such date of all unconditional obligations as described above and the maximum liability, upon the occurrence of the contingency giving rise to the obligation, of any contingent obligations at such date.
     “Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.
     “Initial Issuance Date” means May 18, 2009.
     “Initial Notes” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Initial Purchasers” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Investments” means, with respect to any Person, all direct or indirect investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of loans, advances or extensions of credit (including guarantees or similar arrangements, but excluding (1) commission, travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of business and (2) advances to customers in the ordinary course of business that are recorded as accounts receivable on the balance sheet of the lender), or capital contributions or purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities (excluding any interest in a crude oil or natural gas leasehold to the extent constituting a security under applicable law), together with all items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP. If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company will be deemed to

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have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition in an amount equal to the fair market value of the Equity Interests of such Restricted Subsidiary not sold or disposed of in an amount determined as provided in the final paragraph of Section 4.07. The acquisition by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company of a Person that holds an Investment in a third Person will be deemed to be an Investment made by the Company or such Subsidiary in such third Person in an amount equal to the fair market value of the Investment held by the acquired Person in such third Person on the date of any such acquisition in an amount determined as provided in the final paragraph of Section 4.07. Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, the amount of an Investment will be determined at the time the Investment is made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to such Investment.
     “Joint Venture” means any Person that is not a direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries makes any Investment.
     “Lien” means, with respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under Applicable Law, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction other than a precautionary financing statement respecting a lease not intended as a security agreement.
     “LLC Agreement” means the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Linn Energy, LLC, dated as of January 19, 2006, as in effect on the date of this Indenture and as such may be further amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.
     “Make Whole Premium” means, with respect to a Note at any time, the excess, if any, of (a) the present value at such time of (i) the redemption price of such Note at May 15, 2013 pursuant to Section 3.07(a) plus (ii) any required interest payments due on such Note through May 15, 2013 (except for currently accrued and unpaid interest), computed using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Rate at such time plus 50 basis points, discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months), over (b) the principal amount of such Note.
     “Measurement Date” means June 27, 2008, the date of issuance of the Existing Senior Notes pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of June 27, 2008, among the Issuers, the Guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.
     “Minority Interest” means the percentage interest represented by any shares of stock of any class of Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that are not owned by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.
     “Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

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     “Net Income” means, with respect to any specified Person, the net income (loss) of such Person, determined in accordance with GAAP and before any reduction in respect of preferred stock dividends, excluding, however:
     (1) any gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such gain (but not loss), realized in connection with: (a) any Asset Sale; or (b) the disposition of any securities by such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness of such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; and
     (2) any extraordinary gain (but not loss), together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary gain (but not loss).
     “Net Proceeds” means the aggregate cash proceeds received by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of any Asset Sale (including, without limitation, any cash received upon the sale or other disposition of any non-cash consideration received in any Asset Sale), net of:
     (1) the direct costs relating to such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment banking fees, title and recording tax expenses and sales commissions, and any relocation expenses incurred as a result of the Asset Sale,
     (2) taxes paid or payable or required to be accrued as a liability under GAAP as a result of the Asset Sale, in each case, after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax sharing arrangements,
     (3) amounts required to be applied to the repayment of Indebtedness secured by a Lien on the properties or assets that were the subject of such Asset Sale,
     (4) all distributions and other payments required to be made to minority interest holders in Restricted Subsidiaries or joint ventures as a result of such Asset Sale, and
     (5) any amounts to be set aside in any reserve established in accordance with GAAP or any amount placed in escrow, in either case for adjustment in respect of the sale price of such properties or assets or for liabilities associated with such Asset Sale and retained by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries until such time as such reserve is reversed or such escrow arrangement is terminated, in which case Net Proceeds shall include only the amount of the reserve so reversed or the amount returned to the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries from such escrow arrangement, as the case may be.
     “Net Working Capital” means (a) all current assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries except current assets from commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of business, less (b) all current liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except current liabilities included in Indebtedness and any current liabilities from commodity price risk management activities arising in the ordinary course of business, in each

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case as set forth in the consolidated financial statements of the Company prepared in accordance with GAAP (excluding any adjustments made pursuant to FAS 133).
     “Non-Recourse Debt” means Indebtedness:
     (1) as to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (a) provides credit support of any kind (including any undertaking, agreement or instrument that would constitute Indebtedness), (b) is directly or indirectly liable as a guarantor or otherwise, or (c) is the lender;
     (2) no default with respect to which (including any rights that the holders of the Indebtedness may have to take enforcement action against an Unrestricted Subsidiary) would permit upon notice, lapse of time or both any holder of any other Indebtedness (other than the Notes) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to declare a default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment of the Indebtedness to be accelerated or payable prior to its Stated Maturity; and
     (3) the explicit terms of which provide there is no recourse against any of the assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries.
     For purposes of determining compliance with Section 4.09, in the event that any Non-Recourse Debt of any of the Company’s Unrestricted Subsidiaries ceases to be Non-Recourse Debt of such Unrestricted Subsidiary, such event will be deemed to constitute an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.
     “Notes” has the meaning specified in the Appendix.
     “Notes Custodian” has the meaning specified in the Appendix.
     “Obligations” means any principal, interest (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization, whether or not a claim for post-filing interest is allowed in such proceeding), premium, if any, penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages, guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable under the documentation governing any Indebtedness or in respect thereto.
     “Offering Memorandum” means the offering memorandum of the Issuers dated May 12, 2009 relating to the offering of the Initial Notes.
     “Officer” means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary or any Vice President of such Person.
     “Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of each of the Company and Finance Corp. by two of its Officers, one of whom must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, the treasurer or the principal accounting officer of the Company or Finance Corp., as the case may be, that meets the requirements of Section 11.05 hereof.

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     “Oil and Gas Business” means:
     (1) the acquisition, exploration, development, production, operation and disposition of interests in oil, gas and other Hydrocarbon properties;
     (2) the gathering, marketing, treating, processing (but not refining), storage, distribution, selling and transporting of any production from such interests or properties;
     (3) any business relating to exploration for or development, production, treatment, processing (but not refining), storage, transportation or marketing of oil, gas and other minerals and products produced in association therewith;
     (4) any other business that generates gross income that constitutes “qualifying income” under Section 7704(d) of the Code; and
     (5) any activity that is ancillary, complementary or incidental to or necessary or appropriate for the activities described in clauses (1) through (4) of this definition.
     “Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion from legal counsel who is reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, that meets the requirements of Section 11.05 hereof. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or the Trustee.
     “Pari Passu Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Excess Proceeds from Asset Sales, Indebtedness of an Issuer or any Guarantor that ranks equally in right of payment with the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, as the case may be, and the terms of which require the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to apply such Excess Proceeds to offer to repurchase such Indebtedness.
     “Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness” means Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to the extent such Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock was Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock of any other Person existing at the time (a) such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or (b) such Person was merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, provided that on the date such Person became a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the date such Person was merged or consolidated with or into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as applicable, either
     (1) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, would be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of Section 4.09,
     (2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company would be equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately prior to such transaction, or

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     (3) immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis, the Consolidated Net Worth of the Company would be greater than the Consolidated Net Worth of the Company immediately prior to such transaction.
     “Permitted Business Investments” means Investments made in the ordinary course of, and of a nature that is or shall have become customary in, the Oil and Gas Business, including investments or expenditures for actively exploiting, exploring for, acquiring, developing, producing, processing, gathering, marketing or transporting Hydrocarbons through agreements, transactions, interests or arrangements that permit one to share risk or costs, comply with regulatory requirements regarding local ownership or satisfy other objectives customarily achieved through the conduct of the Oil and Gas Business jointly with third parties, including without limitation:
     (1) direct or indirect ownership of crude oil, natural gas, other restricted Hydrocarbon properties or any interest therein, gathering, transportation, processing, storage or related systems, or ancillary real property interests and interests therein; and
     (2) the entry into operating agreements, joint ventures, processing agreements, working interests, royalty interests, mineral leases, farm-in agreements, farm-out agreements, development agreements, production sharing agreements, area of mutual interest agreements, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and related Hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization agreements, pooling arrangements, joint bidding agreements, service contracts, partnership agreements (whether general or limited), or other similar or customary agreements, transactions, properties, interests or arrangements, and Investments and expenditures in connection therewith or pursuant thereto, in each case made or entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business, excluding, however, Investments in corporations and publicly-traded limited partnerships.
     “Permitted Investments” means:
     (1) any Investment in the Company or in a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;
     (2) any Investment in cash and Cash Equivalents;
     (3) any Investment by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in a Person, if as a result of such Investment:
     (a) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; or
     (b) such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its properties or assets to, or is liquidated into, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company;
     (4) any Investment made as a result of the receipt of non-cash consideration from:

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     (a) an Asset Sale that was made pursuant to and in compliance with Section 4.10;
     (b) pursuant to clause (8) of the items deemed not to be Asset Sales under the definition of “Asset Sale;”
     (5) any Investment in any Person solely in exchange for the issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company;
     (6) any Investments received in compromise or resolution of, or upon satisfaction of judgments with respect to, (a) obligations of trade creditors or customers that were incurred in the ordinary course of business, including pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of any trade creditor or customer, or (b) litigation, arbitration or other disputes (including pursuant to any bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings) with Persons who are not Affiliates;
     (7) Hedging Contracts;
     (8) Guarantees of Indebtedness permitted under Section 4.09;
     (9) guarantees by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of operating leases (other than Capital Lease Obligations) or of other obligations that do not constitute Indebtedness, in each case entered into by any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in the ordinary course of business;
     (10) Permitted Business Investments;
     (11) Investments that are in existence on the date of this Indenture;
     (12) Investments in any Person to the extent such Investments consist of prepaid expenses, negotiable instruments held for collection and lease, utility and workers’ compensation, performance and other similar deposits made in the ordinary course of business by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
     (13) guarantees of performance or other obligations (other than Indebtedness) arising in the ordinary course in the Oil and Gas Business, including obligations under oil and natural gas exploration, development, joint operating and related agreements and licenses or concessions related to the Oil and Gas Business;
     (14) loans or advances to officers, directors or employees made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices of the Company or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary and otherwise in compliance with Section 4.11 of this Indenture;
     (15) Investments of a Restricted Subsidiary acquired after the date of this Indenture or of any entity merged into or consolidated with the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with Section 5.01 of this Indenture, the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of or in connection with such acquisition,

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merger or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger or consolidation;
     (16) Investments received as a result of a foreclosure by, or other transfer of title to, the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to any secured Investment in default; and
     (17) other Investments in any Person having an aggregate fair market value (measured on the date each such Investment was made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (17) that are at the time outstanding, not to exceed the greater of $50.0 million and 1.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined at the time of such Investment.
     “Permitted Liens” means:
     (1) Liens securing any Indebtedness under any of the Credit Facilities;
     (2) Liens in favor of the Company or the Guarantors;
     (3) Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such Person is merged with or into or consolidated with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such merger or consolidation and do not extend to any assets other than those of the Person merged into or consolidated with the Company or the Restricted Subsidiary;
     (4) Liens on property existing at the time of acquisition of the property by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such acquisition;
     (5) any interest or title of a lessor to the property subject to a Capital Lease Obligation;
     (6) Liens on any property or asset acquired, constructed or improved by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, which (a) are in favor of the seller of such property or assets, in favor of the Person developing, constructing, repairing or improving such asset or property, or in favor of the Person that provided the funding for the acquisition, development, construction, repair or improvement cost, as the case may be, of such asset or property, (b) are created within 360 days after the acquisition, development, construction, repair or improvement, (c) secure the purchase price or development, construction, repair or improvement cost, as the case may be, of such asset or property in an amount up to 100% of the fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company if such fair market value is $30.0 million or more) of such acquisition, construction or improvement of such asset or property, and (d) are limited to the asset or property so acquired, constructed or improved (including the proceeds thereof, accessions thereto, upgrades thereof and improvements thereto);

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     (7) Liens existing on the date of this Indenture other than Liens securing the Credit Facilities;
     (8) Liens to secure the performance of tenders, bids, statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, government contracts, performance bonds or other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business;
     (9) Liens on and pledges of the Equity Interests of any Unrestricted Subsidiary or any Joint Venture owned by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the extent securing Non-Recourse Debt or other Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary or Joint Venture;
     (10) Liens in respect of Production Payments and Reserve Sales;
     (11) Liens on pipelines or pipeline facilities that arise by operation of law;
     (12) Liens arising under operating agreements, joint venture agreements, partnership agreements, oil and gas leases, farm-out agreements, farm-in agreements, division orders, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of crude oil and natural gas and related Hydrocarbons and minerals, unitization and pooling declarations and agreements, area of mutual interest agreements and other agreements arising in the ordinary course of business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries that are customary in the Oil and Gas Business;
     (13) Liens reserved in oil and gas mineral leases for bonus or rental payments and for compliance with the terms of such leases;
     (14) Liens upon specific items of inventory, receivables or other goods or proceeds of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances or receivables securitizations issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory, receivables or other goods or proceeds and permitted by Section 4.09;
     (15) Liens securing Obligations of the Issuers or the Guarantors under the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, as the case may be, and Liens securing other obligations of the Issuers or the Guarantors under this Indenture;
     (16) Liens to secure payment and performance of Hedging Contracts of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
     (17) Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or claims that are not yet delinquent or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently concluded; provided that any reserve or other appropriate provision as is required in conformity with GAAP has been made therefor;
     (18) landlords’, carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or like Liens arising by contract or statute in the ordinary course of business

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and with respect to amounts which are not yet delinquent or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings;
     (19) pledges or deposits made in the ordinary course of business (A) in connection with leases, tenders, bids, statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, government contracts, performance bonds and similar obligations, or (B) in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other social security or similar legislation;
     (20) any attachment or judgment Lien that does not constitute an Event of Default;
     (21) survey exceptions, easements or reservations of, or rights of others for, licenses, rights-of-way, sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes, or zoning or other restrictions as to the use of real property that were not incurred in connection with Indebtedness and that do not in the aggregate materially adversely affect the value of said properties or materially impair their use in the operation of the business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
     (22) Liens arising solely by virtue of any statutory or common law provisions relating to banker’s Liens, rights of set-off or similar rights and remedies as to deposit accounts or other funds maintained or deposited with a depositary institution; provided that (A) such deposit account is not a dedicated cash collateral account and is not subject to restrictions against access by the Company in excess of those set forth by regulations promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board and (B) such deposit account is not intended by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to provide collateral to the depositary institution;
     (23) Liens arising from Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;
     (24) leases or subleases granted to others that do not materially interfere with the ordinary course of business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
     (25) Liens arising under this Indenture in favor of the trustee for its own benefit and similar Liens in favor of other trustees, agents and representatives arising under instruments governing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under this Indenture, provided, however, that such Liens are solely for the benefit of the trustees, agents or representatives in their capacities as such and not for the benefit of the holders of such Indebtedness;
     (26) Liens arising from the deposit of funds or securities in trust for the purpose of decreasing or defeasing Indebtedness so long as such deposit of funds or securities and such decreasing or defeasing of Indebtedness are permitted under Section 4.07 of this Indenture;

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     (27) Liens (other than Liens securing Indebtedness) on, or related to, assets to secure all or part of the costs incurred in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business for the exploration, drilling, development, production, processing, transportation, marketing, storage or operation thereof;
     (28) Liens arising from royalties, overriding royalties, revenue interests, net revenue interests, net profit interests, reversionary interests, production payments, preferential rights of purchase, working interests and other similar interests, all as ordinarily exist with respect to properties and assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries or otherwise as are customary in the Oil and Gas Business;
     (29) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness then outstanding and secured by any Liens incurred pursuant to this clause (29) does not exceed the amount set forth in clause (15) of the second paragraph of Section 4.09 of this Indenture; and
     (30) Liens to secure any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under this Indenture and incurred to refinance Indebtedness that was previously so secured, provided that any such Lien is limited to all or part of the same property or assets (plus improvements, accessions, proceeds or dividends or distributions in respect thereof) that secured (or, under the written arrangements under which the original Lien arose, could secure) the Indebtedness being refinanced or is in respect of property or assets that is the security for a Permitted Lien hereunder.
     “Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any Disqualified Stock of the Company incurred or issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease, discharge, refund or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, any other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness) or any Disqualified Stock of the Company; provided that:
     (1) the principal amount, or in the case of Disqualified Stock, the amount thereof as determined in accordance with the definition of Disqualified Stock, of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of the Indebtedness or amount of the Disqualified Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or retired (plus all accrued and unpaid interest on the Indebtedness or accrued and unpaid dividends on the Disqualified Stock, as the case may be, and the amount of all fees, expenses and premiums incurred in connection therewith);
     (2) such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date or redemption date, as applicable, later than the final maturity date or redemption date, as applicable, of, and has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or retired;

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     (3) if the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or retired is contractually subordinated or otherwise junior in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees, such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is contractually subordinated or otherwise junior in right of payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees on terms at least as favorable to the Holders of Notes as those contained in the documentation governing the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or retired; and
     (4) such Indebtedness is not incurred (other than by way of a guarantee) by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company (other than Finance Corp.) if the Company is the issuer or other primary obligor on the Indebtedness being exchanged, extended, refinanced, renewed, replaced, defeased, discharged, refunded or retired.
     “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company or government or other entity.
     “Private Exchange” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Private Exchange Notes” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Production Payments” means, collectively, Dollar-Denominated Production Payments and Volumetric Production Payments.
     “Production Payments and Reserve Sales” means the grant or transfer by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to any Person of a royalty, overriding royalty, net profits interest, production payment (whether volumetric or dollar denominated), partnership or other interest in oil and gas properties, reserves or the right to receive all or a portion of the production or the proceeds from the sale of production attributable to such properties, including any such grants or transfers pursuant to incentive compensation programs on terms that are reasonably customary in the oil and gas business for geologists, geophysicists and other providers of technical services to the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company.
     “Purchase Agreement” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “QIB” means a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act.
     “Registered Exchange Offer” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Registration Rights Agreement” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Regulation S” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Reporting Default” means a Default described in Section 6.01(d).

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     “Responsible Officer,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.
     “Restricted Global Note” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Restricted Investment” means an Investment other than a Permitted Investment.
     “Restricted Notes Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.3(b)(i) of the Appendix.
     “Restricted Subsidiary” of a Person means any Subsidiary of the referent Person that is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary. Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, Finance Corp. shall be a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company.
     “Rule 144A” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.
     “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
     “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
     “Senior Debt” means
     (1) all Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding under Credit Facilities and all obligations under Hedging Contracts with respect thereto;
     (2) any other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted to be incurred under the terms of this Indenture, unless the instrument under which such Indebtedness is incurred expressly provides that it is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee; and
     (3) all Obligations with respect to the items listed in the preceding clauses (1) and (2).
     Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding sentence, Senior Debt will not include:
     (a) any intercompany Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or
     (b) any Indebtedness that is incurred in violation of this Indenture.
     For the avoidance of doubt, “Senior Debt” will not include any trade payables or taxes owed or owing by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary.

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     “Shelf Registration Statement” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Significant Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Regulation is in effect on the date of this Indenture.
     “Stated Maturity” means, with respect to any installment of interest or principal on any series of Indebtedness, the date on which the payment of interest or principal was scheduled to be paid in the original documentation governing such Indebtedness, and will not include any contingent obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such interest or principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment thereof.
     “Subsidiary” means, with respect to any specified Person:
     (1) any corporation, association or other business entity (other than a partnership or limited liability company) of which more than 50% of the total voting power of Voting Stock is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination thereof); and
     (2) any partnership (whether general or limited) or limited liability company (a) the sole general partner or member of which is such Person or a Subsidiary of such Person, or (b) if there is more than a single general partner or member, either (x) the only managing general partners or managing members of which are such Person or one or more Subsidiaries of such Person (or any combination thereof) or (y) such Person owns or controls, directly or indirectly, a majority of the outstanding general partner interests, member interests or other Voting Stock of such partnership or limited liability company, respectively.
     “Subsidiary Guarantee” means the joint and several guarantee pursuant to Article 10 hereof by a Guarantor of the Obligations of the Issuers under this Indenture and the Notes.
     “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. §§ 77aaa-77bbbb) and the rules and regulations thereunder, as in effect on the date on which this Indenture is qualified under the TIA (except as provided in Sections 9.01(i) and 9.03 hereof).
     “Transfer Restricted Securities” has the meaning provided in the Appendix.
     “Treasury Rate” means, as of any redemption date, the yield to maturity as of such redemption date of United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15(519) which has become publicly available at least two Business Days prior to the redemption date (or, if such Statistical Release is no longer published, any publicly available source of similar market data)) most nearly equal to the period from the redemption date to May 15, 2013; provided, however, that if such period is not equal to the constant maturity of a United States Treasury security for which a weekly average yield is given, the Company shall obtain the Treasury Rate by linear interpolation (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth of a year) from the weekly average yields of United States Treasury securities for which such yields are given, except that if the period from

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the redemption date to May 15, 2013 is less than one year, the weekly average yield on actually traded United States Treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of one year shall be used. The Company will (a) calculate the Treasury Rate on the second Business Day preceding the applicable redemption date and (b) prior to such redemption date file with the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the Make Whole Premium and the Treasury Rate and showing the calculation of each in reasonable detail.
     “Trustee” means the party named as such in the introductory paragraph hereto until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.
     “Uniform Commercial Code” means the New York Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time.
     “Unrestricted Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Company (other than Finance Corp.) that is designated by the Board of Directors of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to a Board Resolution, but only to the extent that such Subsidiary:
     (1) has no Indebtedness other than Non-Recourse Debt owing to any Person other than the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
     (2) is not party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding with the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company unless the terms of any such agreement, contract, arrangement or understanding are no less favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than those that might be obtained at the time from Persons who are not Affiliates of the Company;
     (3) is a Person with respect to which neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has any direct or indirect obligation (a) to subscribe for additional Equity Interests or (b) to maintain or preserve such Person’s financial condition or to cause such Person to achieve any specified levels of operating results; and
     (4) has not guaranteed or otherwise directly or indirectly provided credit support for any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.
     Any designation of a Subsidiary of the Company as an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be evidenced to the Trustee by filing with the Trustee a Board Resolution giving effect to such designation and an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such designation complied with the preceding conditions and was permitted by Section 4.07. If, at any time, any Unrestricted Subsidiary would fail to meet the preceding requirements as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, it will thereafter cease to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary for purposes of this Indenture and any Indebtedness of such Subsidiary will be deemed to be incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company as of such date and, if such Indebtedness is not permitted to be incurred as of such date under Section 4.09, the Company will be in default of such covenant.
     “Volumetric Production Payments” means production payment obligations recorded as deferred revenue in accordance with GAAP, together with all related undertakings and obligations.

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     “Voting Stock” of any Person as of any date means the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of the Board of Directors of such Person.
     “Weighted Average Life to Maturity” means, when applied to any Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing:
     (1) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity or redemption, in respect of the Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by
     (2) the then outstanding aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock.
Section 1.02 Other Definitions.
     
Term   Defined in Section
“Affiliate Transaction”
  4.11
“Appendix”
  2.01
“Asset Sale Offer”
  3.09
“Change of Control Offer”
  4.15
“Change of Control Payment”
  4.15
“Change of Control Purchase Date”
  4.15
“Change of Control Settlement Date”
  4.15
“Covenant Defeasance”
  8.03
“Discharge”
  8.08
“Event of Default”
  6.01
“Excess Proceeds”
  4.10
“Incremental Funds”
  4.07
“incur”
  4.09
“Legal Defeasance”
  8.02
“Offer Amount”
  3.09
“Offer Period”
  3.09
“Paying Agent”
  2.03
“Payment Default”
  6.01
“Permitted Debt”
  4.09
“Register”
  2.03
“Registrar”
  2.03
“Restricted Payments”
  4.07
“Settlement Date”
  3.09
“Termination Date”
  3.09

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Section 1.03 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.
     Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. Any terms incorporated in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA have the meanings so assigned to them.
Section 1.04 Rules of Construction.
     Unless the context otherwise requires:
     (1) a term has the meaning assigned to it;
     (2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;
     (3) “or” is not exclusive;
     (4) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;
     (5) provisions apply to successive events and transactions;
     (6) references to sections of or rules under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act shall be deemed to include substitute, replacement or successor sections or rules adopted by the SEC from time to time;
     (7) “herein,” “hereof” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole (as amended or supplemented from time to time) and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision of this Indenture; and
     (8) “including” means “including, without limitation.”
ARTICLE 2
THE NOTES
Section 2.01 Form and Dating.
     Provisions relating to the Initial Notes, the Private Exchange Notes and the Exchange Notes are set forth in the Rule 144A/Regulation S Appendix attached hereto (the “Appendix”) which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made part of this Indenture. The Initial Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication therefor shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit 1 to the Appendix which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this Indenture. The Exchange Notes, the Private Exchange Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication therefor shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit 2 to the Appendix, which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this Indenture. The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule, agreements to which an Issuer is subject, if any, or usage (provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form

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acceptable to the Company). Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication. The terms of the Notes set forth in the Appendix are part of the terms of this Indenture.
Section 2.02 Execution and Authentication.
     An Officer shall sign the Notes on behalf of each Issuer by manual or facsimile signature.
     If an Officer whose signature is on a Note no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Note, the Note shall be valid nevertheless.
     A Note shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the Note. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Note has been authenticated under this Indenture.
     On the Initial Issuance Date, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver $250,000,000 of 113/4% Senior Notes due 2017 and, at any time and from time to time thereafter, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver Notes for original issue in an aggregate principal amount specified in a written order of the Issuers. Such order shall specify the amount of the Notes to be authenticated, the date on which the original issue of Notes is to be authenticated and to whom the Notes shall be registered and delivered and, in the case of an issuance of Additional Notes pursuant to Section 2.13 after the Initial Issuance Date, shall certify that such issuance is in compliance with Section 4.09.
     The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent reasonably acceptable to the Issuers to authenticate the Notes. Unless limited by the terms of such appointment, an authenticating agent may authenticate Notes whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as any Registrar, Paying Agent or agent for service of notices and demands.
Section 2.03 Registrar and Paying Agent.
     The Issuers shall at all times maintain an office or agency where Notes may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (the “Registrar”) and an office or agency in New York, New York where Notes may be presented for payment (the “Paying Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register of the Notes and of their transfer and exchange (the “Register”). The Issuers may have one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar, and the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent.
     The Issuers shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Registrar or Paying Agent not a party to this Indenture, which shall incorporate the terms of the TIA. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such agent. The Issuers shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any such agent. If the Issuers fail to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, the Trustee shall act as such and shall be entitled to appropriate compensation therefor pursuant to Section 7.07. The Company or any Subsidiary may act as Paying Agent or Registrar.

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     The Issuers initially appoint the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent in connection with the Notes at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.
Section 2.04 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.
     Prior to 11:00 a.m. New York City time, on each due date of the principal and interest on any Note, an Issuer shall deposit with the Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such principal and interest when so becoming due. The Issuers shall require each Paying Agent (other than the Trustee) to agree in writing that the Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Noteholders or the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Notes and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Issuers in making any such payment. If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money held by it as Paying Agent and hold it as a separate trust fund. The Issuers at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee and to account for any funds disbursed by the Paying Agent. Upon complying with this Section, the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for the money delivered to the Trustee.
Section 2.05 Noteholder Lists.
     The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Noteholders. If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Issuers shall furnish to the Trustee, in writing at least five Business Days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Noteholders.
Section 2.06 Transfer and Exchange.
     The Notes shall be issued in registered form and shall be transferable only upon the surrender of a Note for registration of transfer. When a Note is presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer, the Registrar shall register the transfer as requested if the requirements of this Indenture and Section 8-401(a) of the Uniform Commercial Code are met. When Notes are presented to the Registrar with a request to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Notes of other denominations, the Registrar shall make the exchange as requested if the same requirements are met. The Issuers may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any taxes, assessments or other governmental charges in connection with any transfer or exchange pursuant to this Section (other than any such transfer taxes, assessments or similar governmental charge payable upon exchange or transfer pursuant to Section 3.06, 4.10, 4.15 or 9.05).
Section 2.07 Replacement Notes.
     If a mutilated Note is surrendered to the Registrar or if the Holder of a Note claims that the Note has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Issuers shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Note if the requirements of Section 8-405 of the Uniform Commercial Code are met and the Holder satisfies any other reasonable requirements of the Trustee. If required by the Trustee or the Issuers, such Holder shall furnish an indemnity bond sufficient in the judgment of the Issuers and the Trustee to protect the Issuers, the Trustee, the

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Paying Agent and the Registrar from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Note is replaced. The Issuers and the Trustee may charge the Holder for their expenses in replacing a Note. In the event any such Note shall have matured, instead of issuing a new Note, the Trustee may pay the same without surrender thereof upon the Holder furnishing the Issuers and the Trustee with indemnity satisfactory to them and complying with such other reasonable regulations as the Trustee may prescribe and paying such reasonable expenses as the Issuer and the Trustee may incur in connection therewith.
     Every replacement Note is an additional obligation of the Issuers.
Section 2.08 Outstanding Notes.
     Notes outstanding at any time are all Notes authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation and those described in this Section as not outstanding. Except as otherwise provided in TIA § 316(a), a Note does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate of the Company holds the Note.
     If a Note is replaced pursuant to Section 2.07, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee, any provider of an indemnity bond and the Issuers receive proof satisfactory to them that the replaced Note is held by a bona fide purchaser.
     If the Paying Agent segregates and holds in trust, in accordance with this Indenture, by 11:00 a.m. New York time, on a redemption date or other maturity date money sufficient to pay all principal, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, payable on that date with respect to the Notes (or portions thereof) to be redeemed or maturing, as the case may be, then on and after that date such Notes (or portions thereof) shall cease to be outstanding and interest and Additional Interest, if any, on them shall cease to accrue.
Section 2.09 Temporary Notes.
     Until definitive Notes are ready for delivery, the Issuers may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Notes. Temporary Notes shall be substantially in the form of definitive Notes but may have variations that the Issuers consider appropriate for temporary Notes. Without unreasonable delay, the Issuers shall prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate definitive Notes and deliver them in exchange for temporary Notes.
Section 2.10 Cancellation.
     An Issuer at any time may deliver Notes to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Notes surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange, replacement or payment. The Trustee and no one else shall cancel and destroy (subject to the record retention requirements of the Exchange Act) all Notes surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, replacement, payment or cancellation. Upon written request, the Trustee will deliver a certificate of such cancellation to the Issuers unless the Issuers direct the Trustee to deliver canceled Notes to the Issuers instead. The Issuers may not issue new Notes to replace Notes they have redeemed, paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

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Section 2.11 Defaulted Interest.
     If the Issuers default in a payment of interest on the Notes, the Issuers shall pay defaulted interest (plus interest on such defaulted interest to the extent lawful) in any lawful manner. The Issuers may pay the defaulted interest to the Persons who are Noteholders on a subsequent special record date. The Issuers shall fix or cause to be fixed any such special record date and payment date to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee and shall promptly mail to each Noteholder a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest to be paid.
Section 2.12 CUSIP Numbers.
     The Issuers in issuing the Notes may use “CUSIP” numbers and corresponding “ISINs” (if then generally in use) and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers and corresponding “ISINs” in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided, however, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.
Section 2.13 Issuance of Additional Notes.
     The Issuers shall be entitled, subject to their compliance with Section 4.09, to issue Additional Notes under this Indenture which shall have identical terms as the Initial Notes issued on the Initial Issuance Date, other than with respect to the date of issuance and issue price. The Initial Notes issued on the Initial Issuance Date, and any Additional Notes and all Exchange Notes or Private Exchange Notes issued in exchange therefor shall be treated as a single class for all purposes under this Indenture, including, without limitation, waivers, consents, directions, declarations, amendments, redemptions and offers to purchase.
     With respect to any Additional Notes, the Issuers shall set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, which shall be delivered to the Trustee, the following information:
     (1) the aggregate principal amount of such Additional Notes to be authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture;
     (2) the issue price, the issue date (and the corresponding date from which interest shall accrue thereon and the first interest payment date therefor) and the CUSIP number and any corresponding ISIN of such Additional Notes; provided, however, that any issuance of Additional Notes (i) is treated as part of the same issue as the Initial Notes within the meaning of Treasury Regulation § 1.1275-1(f), (ii) is a qualified reopening of the Initial Notes within the meaning of Treasury Regulation § 1.1275-2(k), or (iii) is otherwise fungible with the Initial Notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the case of each of clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), so that such Additional Notes will trade as part of a single class with the Initial Notes; and

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     (3) whether such Additional Notes shall be Transfer Restricted Securities and issued in the form of Initial Notes as set forth in Exhibit 1 to the Appendix or shall be issued in the form of Exchange Notes as set forth in Exhibit 2 to the Appendix.
Section 2.14 Persons Deemed Owners.
     Prior to due presentment of a Note for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee, any Agent or any other agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Note is registered as the absolute owner of such Note for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on, such Note and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Note be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee, any Agent nor any other agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
ARTICLE 3
REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT
Section 3.01 Notices to Trustee.
     If the Issuers elect to redeem Notes pursuant to the optional redemption provisions of Section 3.07 hereof, they shall furnish to the Trustee, at least five Business Days (unless a shorter period shall be agreeable to the Trustee) before the date of giving notice of the redemption pursuant to Section 3.03, an Officers’ Certificate setting forth (i) the clause of Section 3.07 pursuant to which the redemption shall occur, (ii) the redemption date, (iii) the principal amount of Notes to be redeemed, (iv) the redemption price, and (v) whether it requests the Trustee to give notice of such redemption. Any such notice may be cancelled at any time prior to the mailing of notice of such redemption to any Holder and shall thereby be void and of no effect.
Section 3.02 Selection of Notes to Be Redeemed.
     If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed at any time, the Trustee shall select the Notes to be redeemed among the Holders of the Notes as follows: (1) if the Notes are listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange on which the Notes are listed; or (2) if the Notes are not listed on any national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis. In the event of partial redemption other than on a pro rata basis, the particular Notes to be redeemed shall be selected, not less than five (5) Business Days (unless a shorter period shall be agreeable to the Trustee) prior to the giving of notice of the redemption pursuant to Section 3.03, by the Trustee from the outstanding Notes not previously called for redemption.
     The Trustee shall promptly notify the Issuers in writing of the Notes selected for redemption and, in the case of any Note selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. Notes and portions of Notes selected shall be in amounts of $2,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000; except that if all of the Notes of a Holder are to be redeemed, the entire outstanding amount of Notes held by such Holder, even if not a multiple of $1,000, shall be redeemed. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Notes called for redemption also apply to portions of Notes called for redemption.

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     The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs of this Section 3.02 shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a Global Note, whether such Global Note is to be redeemed in whole or in part. In case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of the Global Note shall be in an authorized denomination.
Section 3.03 Notice of Redemption.
     Subject to the provisions of Section 3.09 hereof, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date (except that redemption notices may be mailed more than 60 days prior to a redemption date if the notice is issued in connection with a Legal Defeasance, Covenant Defeasance or Discharge), the Issuers shall mail or cause to be mailed, by first class mail, a notice of redemption to each Holder whose Notes are to be redeemed at its registered address.
     The notice shall identify the Notes to be redeemed and shall state:
     (a) the redemption date;
     (b) the redemption price or, if the redemption price is not then determinable, the manner in which it is to be determined;
     (c) if any Note is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Note to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Note, a new Note or Notes in a principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued in the name of the applicable Holder upon cancellation of the original Note;
     (d) the name and address of the Paying Agent;
     (e) that Notes called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;
     (f) that, unless the Issuers default in making such redemption payment, interest and Additional Interest, if any, on Notes called for redemption shall cease to accrue on and after the redemption date and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Notes is to receive payment of the redemption price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Notes redeemed;
     (g) the paragraph of the Notes and/or Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the Notes called for redemption are being redeemed; and
     (h) that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP or ISIN number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Notes.
     If any of the Notes to be redeemed is in the form of a Global Note, then the Issuers shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the procedures of the Depository applicable to redemption.

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     At the Issuers’ request, the Trustee shall give the notice of optional redemption in the Issuers’ names and at their expense; provided, however, that the Issuers shall have delivered to the Trustee, as provided in Section 3.01, an Officers’ Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as provided in the second preceding paragraph.
Section 3.04 Effect of Notice of Redemption.
     Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.03 hereof, subject to the following sentence, Notes called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the applicable redemption date at the applicable redemption price. Notice of any redemption, including, without limitation, upon an Equity Offering, may, at the Company’s discretion, be subject to one or more conditions precedent, including, but not limited to, completion of the related Equity Offering. If mailed in the manner provided for in Section 3.03, the notice of redemption shall be conclusively presumed to have been given whether or not a Holder receives such notice. Failure to give timely notice or any defect in the notice shall not affect the validity of the redemption.
Section 3.05 Deposit of Redemption Price.
     Prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the redemption date, the Issuers shall deposit with the Paying Agent (or, if the Company or a Subsidiary thereof is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 2.04 hereof) money sufficient in same day funds to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest and Additional Interest, if any, on all Notes to be redeemed on that date. The Paying Agent shall promptly return to the Issuers any money deposited with the Paying Agent by an Issuer in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest and Additional Interest, if any, on all Notes to be redeemed.
     If the Issuers comply with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, on and after the redemption date, interest and Additional Interest, if any, shall cease to accrue on the Notes or the portions of Notes called for redemption whether or not such Notes are presented for payment, and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Notes shall be to receive payment of the redemption price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Notes redeemed. If any Note called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption because of the failure of an Issuer to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption date until such principal is paid, and to the extent lawful, on any interest and Additional Interest, if any, not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Notes and in Section 4.01 hereof.
Section 3.06 Notes Redeemed in Part.
     Upon surrender of a Note that is redeemed in part, the Issuers shall issue in the name of the applicable Holder and the Trustee shall authenticate for such Holder at the expense of the Issuers a new Note equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Note surrendered.

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     Section 3.07 Optional Redemption.
     (a) Except as set forth in clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 3.07, the Issuers shall not have the option to redeem the Notes pursuant to this Section 3.07 prior to May 15, 2013. On or after May 15, 2013, the Issuers shall have the option to redeem the Notes, in whole or in part at any time, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Interest, if any, on the Notes redeemed to the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on May 15 of the years indicated below:
         
YEAR   PERCENTAGE
2013
    105.875 %
2014
    102.938 %
2015 and thereafter
    100.000 %
     (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of clause (a) of this Section 3.07, at any time prior to May 15, 2011, the Issuers may on one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes (including any Additional Notes) issued under this Indenture at a redemption price of 111.750% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and Additional Interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), with the net cash proceeds of one or more Equity Offerings, provided that, with respect to each such redemption:
     (1) at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes (including any Additional Notes) issued under this Indenture remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption (excluding any Notes held by the Company and its Subsidiaries); and
     (2) such redemption occurs within 180 days of the date of the closing of such Equity Offering.
     (c) Prior to May 15, 2013, the Issuers may redeem all or part of the Notes at a redemption price equal to the sum of:
     (1) 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus
     (2) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date (subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the redemption date), plus
     (3) the Make Whole Premium at the redemption date.
     (d) Any redemption pursuant to this Section 3.07 shall be made pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.01 through Section 3.06 hereof.

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Section 3.08 Mandatory Redemption.
     Except as set forth under Sections 4.10 and 4.15 hereof, neither of the Issuers shall be required to make mandatory redemption or sinking fund payments with respect to the Notes or to repurchase the Notes at the option of the Holders.
     Section 3.09 Offer to Purchase by Application of Excess Proceeds.
     In the event that, pursuant to Section 4.10 hereof, the Company shall be required to commence an offer to all Holders to purchase Notes (an “Asset Sale Offer”), it shall follow the procedures specified below.
     The Asset Sale Offer shall remain open for a period of 20 Business Days following its commencement and no longer, except to the extent that a longer period is required by Applicable Law (the “Offer Period”). No later than five Business Days after the termination of the Offer Period (the “Settlement Date”), the Company shall purchase and pay for the principal amount of Notes required to be purchased pursuant to Section 4.10 hereof (the “Offer Amount”) or, if less than the Offer Amount has been tendered, all Notes validly tendered in response to the Asset Sale Offer. Payment for any Notes so purchased shall be made in the manner prescribed in the Notes.
     Upon the commencement of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company shall send, by first class mail, a notice to each of the Holders, with a copy to the Trustee. The notice shall contain all instructions and materials necessary to enable such Holders to tender Notes pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer. The Asset Sale Offer shall be made to all Holders. The notice, which shall govern the terms of the Asset Sale Offer, shall state:
     (a) that the Asset Sale Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 3.09 and Section 4.10 hereof and the length of time the Asset Sale Offer shall remain open, including the time and date the Asset Sale Offer will terminate (the “Termination Date”);
     (b) the Offer Amount and the purchase price;
     (c) that any Note not tendered or accepted for payment shall continue to accrue interest and Additional Interest, if any;
     (d) that, unless the Company defaults in making such payment, any Note accepted for payment pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer shall cease to accrue interest and Additional Interest, if any, after the Settlement Date;
     (e) that Holders electing to have a Note purchased pursuant to any Asset Sale Offer shall be required to surrender the Note, properly endorsed for transfer, together with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the Note completed and such customary documents as the Company may reasonably request, to the Company or a Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice, before the Termination Date;

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     (f) that Holders shall be entitled to withdraw their election if the Company or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, receives, prior to the Termination Date, a telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Note the Holder delivered for purchase and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing his election to have such Note purchased;
     (g) that, if the aggregate principal amount of Notes surrendered by Holders, and Pari Passu Indebtedness surrendered by holders or lenders, collectively, exceeds the amount the Company is required to repurchase, the Trustee shall select the Notes and Pari Passu Indebtedness to be purchased on a pro rata basis on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of tendered Notes and Pari Passu Indebtedness (with such adjustments as may be deemed appropriate by the Trustee so that only Notes in denominations of $2,000, or integral multiples of $1,000 in excess of $2,000, shall be purchased); and
     (h) that Holders whose Notes were purchased only in part shall be issued new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, which unpurchased portion must be equal to $2,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.
     If any of the Notes subject to an Asset Sale Offer is in the form of a Global Note, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the procedures of the Depository applicable to repurchases.
     Promptly after the Termination Date, the Company shall, to the extent lawful, accept for payment Notes or portions thereof tendered pursuant to the Asset Sale Offer in the aggregate principal amount required by Section 4.10 hereof, and prior to the Settlement Date it shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that such Notes or portions thereof were accepted for payment by the Company in accordance with the terms of this Section 3.09 and Section 4.10. Prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Settlement Date, the Company or the Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall mail or deliver to each tendering Holder an amount equal to the purchase price of the Notes tendered by such Holder and accepted by the Company for purchase, and the Company shall issue a new Note, and the Trustee shall authenticate and mail or deliver such new Note to such Holder, in a principal amount equal to any unpurchased portion of the Note surrendered. Any Note not so accepted shall be promptly mailed or delivered by the Company to the Holder thereof. The Company shall publicly announce the results of the Asset Sale Offer on or before the Settlement Date.
ARTICLE 4
COVENANTS
Section 4.01 Payment of Notes.
     The Issuers shall pay or cause to be paid the principal of, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes on the dates and in the manner provided in the Notes. Principal, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, shall be considered paid on the date due if the Paying Agent, if other than the Company or a Subsidiary thereof, holds as of 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the due date money deposited by an Issuer or a Guarantor in

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immediately available funds and designated for and sufficient to pay all principal, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, then due.
     The Issuers shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue principal at the rate specified therefor in the Notes to the extent lawful; and they shall pay interest (including post-petition interest in any proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law) on overdue installments of interest and Additional Interest, if any, (without regard to any applicable grace period), at the same rate to the extent lawful.
Section 4.02 Maintenance of Office or Agency.
     The Issuers shall maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee) in New York, New York where Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment and they shall maintain an office or agency (which may be an office of the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee) where Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Issuers in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Issuers shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Issuers shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.
     The Issuers may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations. Further, if at any time there shall be no such office or agency in the City of New York where the Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment, the Issuers shall forthwith designate and maintain such an office or agency in the City of New York, in order that the Notes shall at all times be payable in the City of New York. The Issuers shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.
     The Issuers hereby designate the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as one such office or agency of the Company in accordance with Section 2.03.
     With respect to any Global Notes, the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee shall be office of agency where such Global Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment or for registration of transfer or exchange, or where successor Notes may be delivered in exchange therefor; provided, however, that any such presentation, surrender or delivery effected pursuant to the Applicable Procedures of the Depository shall be deemed to have been effected at such office or agency in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.
Section 4.03 Reports.
     (a) Notwithstanding that the Company may not be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, so long as any Notes are outstanding, the Company will file with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations (unless the SEC will not accept such a filing, in which case the Company will furnish to the Trustee and, upon its prior

44


 

request, to any of the Holders of the Notes, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations):
     (1) all quarterly and annual financial information with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries that would be required to be contained in a filing with the SEC on Forms 10-Q and 10-K if the Company were required to file such forms, including a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and, with respect to the annual information only, a report thereon by the Company’s certified independent accountants; and
     (2) all current reports that would be required to be filed with the SEC on Form 8-K if the Company were required to file such reports.
The Company shall at all times comply with TIA § 314(a).
     (b) For as long as the Notes remain outstanding, if at any time the Company is not required to file the reports required by this Section 4.03 with the SEC, the Company and the Guarantors shall furnish to the Holders of the Notes, and to securities analysts and prospective investors in the Notes, upon their request, the information, if any, required to be delivered pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act.
     (c) If the Company has designated any of its Subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries, then, to the extent material, the quarterly and annual financial information required by paragraph (a) of this Section 4.03 shall include a reasonably detailed presentation, either on the face of the financial statements or in the footnotes to the financial statements and in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Unrestricted Subsidiaries of the Company.
     (d) Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee under this Section is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein.
Section 4.04 Compliance Certificate.
     (a) The Issuers shall deliver to the Trustee, within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year ending on or after December 31, 2009, an Officers’ Certificate stating that a review of the activities of the Issuers and their Restricted Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Issuers have kept, observed, performed and fulfilled their obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that, to the best of his or her knowledge, the Issuers have kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and are not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred,

45


 

describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he or she may have knowledge and what action the Issuers are taking or propose to take with respect thereto).
     (b) The Issuers shall, so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, forthwith upon any of their respective Officers becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, an Officers’ Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Issuers are taking or propose to take with respect thereto.
Section 4.05 Taxes.
     The Company shall pay, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to pay, prior to delinquency, all material taxes, assessments, and governmental levies except such as are contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings or where the failure to effect such payment is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Notes.
Section 4.06 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.
     Each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and each Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it shall not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.
Section 4.07 Limitation on Restricted Payments.
     The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
     (1) declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution on account of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests (including, without limitation, any payment in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) or to the holders of the Company’s or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests in their capacity as such (other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company or payable to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company);
     (2) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or retire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger or consolidation involving the Company) any Equity Interests of the Company or any direct or indirect parent of the Company;
     (3) make any payment on or with respect to, or purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee (excluding (a) any intercompany

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Indebtedness between or among the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, (b) the purchase, repurchase or other acquisition of Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or the Guarantees purchased in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of purchase, repurchase or acquisition, and (c) any payment of interest or principal at the Stated Maturity thereof); or
     (4) make any Restricted Investment (all such payments and other actions set forth in these clauses (1) through (4) being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”),
unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment, no Default (except a Reporting Default) or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur as a consequence of such Restricted Payment and either:
     (I) if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment is not less than 2.25 to 1.0, such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (8), (9), (11) and (12) of the next succeeding paragraph) with respect to the quarter for which such Restricted Payment is made, is less than the sum, without duplication, of:
     (a) Available Cash with respect to the Company’s preceding fiscal quarter, plus
     (b) 100% of the aggregate net cash proceeds and the fair market value of any Capital Stock of Persons engaged primarily in the Oil and Gas Business or any other assets that are used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business, in each case received by the Company after the Measurement Date as a contribution to its common equity capital or from the issue or sale of Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified Stock) or from the issue or sale of convertible or exchangeable Disqualified Stock or convertible or exchangeable debt securities of the Company that have been converted into or exchanged for such Equity Interests (other than Equity Interests (or Disqualified Stock or debt securities) sold to a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company), plus
     (c) the amount equal to the net reduction in Restricted Investments made by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in any Person since the Measurement Date resulting from:
     (i) repurchases or redemptions of such Restricted Investments by such Person, proceeds realized upon the sale of such Restricted Investment to a purchaser other than the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company, repayments of loans or advances or other transfers of assets

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(including by way of dividend or distribution) by such Person to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; or
     (ii) the redesignation of Unrestricted Subsidiaries as Restricted Subsidiaries (valued in each case as provided in the definition of “Investment”) not to exceed, in the case of any Unrestricted Subsidiary, the amount of Investments previously made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company in such Unrestricted Subsidiary,
in each case to the extent such amounts have not been included in Available Cash for any period commencing on or after the Measurement Date (items (b) and (c) being referred to as “Incremental Funds”), minus
     (d) the aggregate amount of Incremental Funds previously expended pursuant to this clause (I) and clause (II) below; or
     (II) if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment is less than 2.25 to 1.0, such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (8), (9), (11) and (12) of the next succeeding paragraph) with respect to the quarter for which such Restricted Payment is made (such Restricted Payments for purposes of this clause (II) meaning only distributions on units of the Company), is less than the sum, without duplication, of:
     (a) $290.0 million less the aggregate amount of all prior Restricted Payments made by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to this clause (II)(a) since the date of this Indenture, plus
     (b) Incremental Funds to the extent not previously expended pursuant to this clause (II) or clause (I) above.
     So long as no Default (except a Reporting Default) or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would be caused thereby (except with respect to clause (1) below under which the payment of a distribution or dividend is permitted), the preceding provisions will not prohibit:
     (1) the payment of any dividend or distribution within 60 days after the date of its declaration, if at the date of declaration the payment would have complied with the provisions of this Indenture;
     (2) the redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other acquisition of any subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor or of any Equity Interests of the Company in exchange for, or out of the net cash proceeds of the substantially concurrent (a) contribution (other than from a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company) to the equity capital of the Company or (b) sale (other than to a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company) of, Equity Interests of the Company (other than Disqualified

48


 

Stock), with a sale being deemed substantially concurrent if such redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or acquisition occurs not more than 120 days after such sale; provided, however, that the amount of any such net cash proceeds that are utilized for any such redemption, repurchase, retirement, defeasance or other acquisition will be excluded or deducted from the calculation of Available Cash and Incremental Funds;
     (3) the defeasance, redemption, repurchase, retirement or other acquisition of subordinated Indebtedness of the Company or any Guarantor with the net cash proceeds from a substantially concurrent incurrence of, or in exchange for, Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, with an incurrence of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness being deemed substantially concurrent if such defeasance, redemption, repurchase, retirement or acquisition occurs not more than 120 days after such incurrence;
     (4) the payment of any dividend or distribution by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to the holders of its Equity Interests on a pro rata basis;
     (5) the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company pursuant to any director or employee equity subscription agreement or equity option agreement or other employee benefit plan or to satisfy obligations under any Equity Interests appreciation rights or option plan or similar arrangement; provided, however, that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased, redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests may not exceed $3.0 million in any calendar year, with any portion of such $3.0 million amount that is unused in any calendar year to be carried forward to successive calendar years and added to such amount;
     (6) repurchases of Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or a Subsidiary Guarantee at a purchase price not greater than (i) 101% of the principal amount of such subordinated Indebtedness in the event of a Change of Control or (ii) 100% of the principal amount of such subordinated Indebtedness in the event of an Asset Sale, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, in connection with any change of control offer or asset sale offer required by the terms of such Indebtedness, but only if:
     (a) in the case of a Change of Control, the Company has first complied with and fully satisfied its obligations under Section 4.15;
     (b) in the case of an Asset Sale, the Company has complied with and fully satisfied its obligations in accordance with Section 4.10;
     (7) the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition for value of Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company representing fractional shares of such Equity Interests in connection with a merger or consolidation involving the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary or any other transaction permitted by this Indenture;

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     (8) repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon the exercise or conversion of stock options, warrants or other convertible securities if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise or conversion price thereof;
     (9) the defeasance, repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company held by any current or former officers, directors or employees of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with the exercise or vesting of any equity compensation (including, without limitation, stock options, restricted stock and phantom stock) in order to satisfy any tax withholding obligation with respect to such exercise or vesting;
     (10) any payments to dissenting stockholders not to exceed $5.0 million in the aggregate after the date of this Indenture (x) pursuant to applicable law or (y) in connection with the settlement or other satisfaction of claims made pursuant to or in connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets in connection with a transaction that is not prohibited by this Indenture;
     (11) Equity Repurchases on or after the date of this Indenture that, when combined with any Equity Repurchases on or after the Measurement Date and prior to the date of this Indenture, are in an aggregate amount not in excess of $100.0 million; or
     (12) other Restricted Payments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $5.0 million since the date of this Indenture.
     The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) will be the fair market value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment. The fair market value of any assets or securities that are required to be valued by this covenant will be determined, in the case of amounts under $10.0 million, by an officer of the Company and, in the case of amounts over $10.0 million, by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.07, (x) in the event that a Restricted Payment meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Restricted Payments described in the preceding clauses (1) — (12), the Company will be permitted to classify (or later classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such Restricted Payment in any manner that complies with this Section 4.07; and (y) in the event a Restricted Payment is made pursuant to clause (I) or (II) of the second preceding paragraph, the Company will be permitted to classify whether all or any portion thereof is being (and in the absence of such classification shall be deemed to have classified the minimum amount possible as having been) made with Incremental Funds.
Section 4.08 Limitation on Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries.
     The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or permit to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to:

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     (1) pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, or pay any Indebtedness or other obligations owed to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
     (2) make loans or advances to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; or
     (3) sell, lease or transfer any of its properties or assets to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.
     However, the preceding restrictions of this Section 4.08 will not apply to encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:
     (1) agreements (including in respect of any Credit Facilities) as in effect on the date of this Indenture and any amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings of those agreements (or the agreements referred to in this clause (1)) or the Indebtedness to which those agreements (or the agreements referred to in this clause (1)) relate, provided that the amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings are no more restrictive, taken as a whole, with respect to such dividend, distribution and other payment restrictions than those contained in those agreements on the date of this Indenture, as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company in its reasonable and good faith judgment;
     (2) this Indenture, the Notes and the Subsidiary Guarantees;
     (3) Applicable Law;
     (4) any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person acquired by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness or Capital Stock was incurred in connection with or in contemplation of such acquisition), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person, or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired; provided that, in the case of Indebtedness, such Indebtedness was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Indenture to be incurred;
     (5) instruments governing other Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries permitted to be incurred pursuant to an agreement entered into subsequent to the date of this Indenture in accordance with Section 4.09; provided that the provisions relating to such encumbrance or restriction contained in such instruments are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than the provisions contained in the Credit Agreement and in this Indenture as in effect on the date of this Indenture, as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company in its reasonable and good faith judgment;

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     (6) non-assignment provisions in Hydrocarbon purchase and sale or exchange agreements or similar operational agreements or in licenses or leases, in each case entered into in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices;
     (7) Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, in each case for property acquired in the ordinary course of business that impose restrictions on that property purchased or leased of the nature described in clause (3) of the preceding paragraph;
     (8) any agreement for the sale or other disposition of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that restricts distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary pending its sale or other disposition;
     (9) Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, provided that the restrictions contained in the agreements governing such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced, as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company in its reasonable and good faith judgment;
     (10) Liens securing Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be incurred under the provisions of Section 4.12 that limit the right of the debtor to dispose of the assets subject to such Liens;
     (11) provisions limiting the disposition or distribution of assets or property in joint venture agreements, asset sale agreements, stock sale agreements and other similar agreements entered into (a) in the ordinary course of business, or (b) with the approval of the Company’s Board of Directors, which limitations are applicable only to the assets or property that are the subject of such agreements;
     (12) any agreement or instrument relating to any property or assets acquired after the date of this Indenture, so long as such encumbrance or restriction relates only to the property or assets so acquired and is not and was not created in anticipation of such acquisitions;
     (13) restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business;
     (14) customary encumbrances and restrictions contained in agreements of the types described in the definition of “Permitted Business Investments”;
     (15) Hedging Contracts permitted from time to time under this Indenture; and
     (16) the issuance of preferred securities by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or the payment of dividends thereon in accordance with the terms thereof; provided that issuance of such preferred securities is permitted pursuant to Section 4.09 and the terms of such preferred securities do not expressly restrict the ability of a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Equity Interests (other than requirements to pay dividends or liquidation

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preferences on such preferred securities prior to paying any dividends or making any other distributions on such other Equity Interests).
Section 4.09 Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock.
     The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to (collectively, “incur”) any Indebtedness, the Company will not issue any Disqualified Stock, and the Company will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to issue any preferred securities; provided, however, that the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness or the Company may issue Disqualified Stock, if the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Company’s most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such additional Indebtedness is incurred or such Disqualified Stock is issued, as the case may be, would have been at least 2.25 to 1.0, determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma application of the net proceeds therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness had been incurred or Disqualified Stock had been issued, as the case may be, at the beginning of such four-quarter period.
     The first paragraph of this Section 4.09 will not prohibit the incurrence of any of the following items of Indebtedness or the issuance of any Disqualified Stock described in clause (5), (12) or (15) or any preferred securities described in clause (11) below (collectively, “Permitted Debt”):
     (1) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness (including letters of credit) under one or more Credit Facilities, provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred under this clause (1) (with letters of credit being deemed to have a principal amount equal to the maximum potential liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries thereunder) and then outstanding does not exceed the greater of (a) $2,000 million and (b) an amount equal to 35.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined as of the date of such incurrence;
     (2) the incurrence by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries of the Existing Indebtedness;
     (3) the incurrence by the Company and the Guarantors of Indebtedness represented by (a) the Notes issued and sold on the Initial Issuance Date and the related Subsidiary Guarantees to be issued on the Initial Issuance Date and (b) the Exchange Notes and the related Subsidiary Guarantees to be issued pursuant to any Registration Rights Agreement;
     (4) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness represented by Capital Lease Obligations, mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, in each case incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price or cost of construction or improvement of property, plant or equipment used in the business of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, including all

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Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease or refund any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (4), provided that after giving effect to any such incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this clause (4) and then outstanding does not exceed $25.0 million;
     (5) the incurrence or issuance by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to extend, refinance, renew, replace, defease, discharge, refund or otherwise retire for value, in whole or in part, Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness) or Disqualified Stock of the Company, in each case that was permitted by this Indenture to be incurred under the first paragraph of this Section 4.09 or clause (2), (3) (4), or (12) of this paragraph or this clause (5);
     (6) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of intercompany Indebtedness between or among any of the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided, however, that:
     (a) if the Company is the obligor on such Indebtedness and a Guarantor is not the obligee, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the Notes, or if a Guarantor is the obligor on such Indebtedness and neither the Company nor another Guarantor is the obligee, such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of all Obligations with respect to the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Guarantor; and
     (b) (i) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company and (ii) any sale or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person that is neither the Company nor a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company will be deemed, in each case, to constitute an incurrence (as of the date of such issuance, sale or transfer) of such Indebtedness by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be, that was not permitted by this clause (6);
     (7) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of obligations under Hedging Contracts;
     (8) the guarantee by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that was permitted to be incurred by another provision of this Section 4.09;
     (9) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness relating to net gas balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice;

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     (10) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness in respect of bid, performance, surety and similar bonds issued for the account of the Company and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, including guarantees and obligations of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to letters of credit supporting such obligations (in each case other than an obligation for money borrowed);
     (11) the issuance by any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries to the Company or to any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of any preferred securities; provided, however, that:
     (a) any subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such preferred securities being held by a Person other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; and
     (b) any sale or other transfer of any such preferred securities to a Person that is not either the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company
shall be deemed, in each case, to constitute an issuance (as of the date of such issuance, sale or transfer) of such preferred securities by such Restricted Subsidiary that was not permitted by this clause (11);
     (12) Permitted Acquisition Indebtedness;
     (13) the incurrence by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business; provided, however, that such Indebtedness is extinguished within five Business Days of incurrence;
     (14) the incurrence by the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness consisting of the financing of insurance premiums in customary amounts consistent with the operations and business of the Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries; and
     (15) the incurrence by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of additional Indebtedness or the issuance by the Company of additional Disqualified Stock, provided that, after giving effect to any such incurrence or issuance, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness and Disqualified Stock incurred or issued under this clause (15) and then outstanding does not exceed the greater of (a) $50.0 million and (b) 1.0% of the Company’s Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets determined as of the date of such incurrence or issuance.
     For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 4.09, in the event that an item of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Debt described in clauses (1) through (15) above, or is entitled to be incurred or issued pursuant to the first paragraph of this Section 4.09, the Company will be permitted to classify (or later classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such item of Indebtedness or

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Disqualified Stock in any manner that complies with this Section 4.09. Any Indebtedness under Credit Facilities on the date of this Indenture shall be considered incurred under the first paragraph of this Section 4.09. For purposes of determining any particular amount of Indebtedness under this covenant, (i) guarantees of, or obligations in respect of letters of credit relating to, Indebtedness otherwise included in the determination of such amount shall not also be included and (ii) if obligations in respect of letters of credit are incurred pursuant to a Credit Facility and are being treated as incurred pursuant to clause (1) of the definition of “Permitted Debt” and the letters of credit relate to other Indebtedness, then such other Indebtedness shall not be included.
     The accrual of interest, the accretion or amortization of original issue discount, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, and the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock or preferred securities in the form of additional shares of the same class of Disqualified Stock or preferred securities will not be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness or an issuance of Disqualified Stock or preferred securities for purposes of this Section 4.09, provided, in each such case, that the amount thereof is included in Fixed Charges of the Company as accrued.
Section 4.10 Limitation on Asset Sales.
     The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, consummate an Asset Sale unless:
     (1) the Company (or the Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be) receives consideration at the time of the Asset Sale at least equal to the fair market value of the assets or Equity Interests issued or sold or otherwise disposed of;
     (2) the fair market value is determined by (a) an executive officer of the Company if the value is less than $20.0 million and evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee, or (b) the Company’s Board of Directors if the value is $20.0 million or more and evidenced by a resolution of the Board of Directors set forth in an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee; and
     (3) at least 75% of the aggregate consideration received by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Asset Sale is in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents. For purposes of this provision, each of the following will be deemed to be cash:
     (a) any liabilities, as shown on the Company’s or such Restricted Subsidiary’s most recent balance sheet, of the Company or any Subsidiary (other than contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guarantee) that are assumed by the transferee of any such assets pursuant to a customary novation agreement that releases the Company or such Subsidiary from further liability;
     (b) any securities, notes or other obligations received by the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary from such transferee that are, within 90 days after the Asset Sale, converted by the Company or such Subsidiary into cash, to the extent of the cash received in that conversion; and

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     (c) accounts receivable of a business retained by the company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, following the sale of such business, provided that such accounts receivable (i) are not past due more than 90 days and (ii) do not have a payment date greater than 120 days from the date of the invoices creating such accounts receivable.
     Within 360 days after the receipt of any Net Proceeds from an Asset Sale, the Company (or the applicable Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be) may apply those Net Proceeds at its option to any combination of the following:
  (I)   to repay Senior Debt;
 
  (II)   to invest in or acquire Additional Assets; or
 
  (III)   to make capital expenditures in respect of the Company’s or its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Oil and Gas Business.
     The requirement of clause (II) or (III) of the preceding paragraph shall be deemed to be satisfied if a bona fide binding contract committing to make the investment, acquisition or expenditure referred to therein is entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with a Person other than an Affiliate of the Company within the time period specified in the preceding paragraph and such Net Proceeds are subsequently applied in accordance with such contract within six months following the date such agreement is entered into.
     Pending the final application of any Net Proceeds, the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary may invest the Net Proceeds in any manner that is not prohibited by this Indenture. Any Net Proceeds from Asset Sales that are not applied or invested as provided in the preceding paragraph will constitute “Excess Proceeds.”
     On the 361st day after an Asset Sale (or, at the Company’s option, any earlier date), if the aggregate amount of Excess Proceeds then exceeds $20.0 million, the Company will make an Asset Sale Offer to all Holders of Notes, and to all holders of Pari Passu Indebtedness then outstanding, to purchase the maximum principal amount of Notes and such Pari Passu Indebtedness that may be purchased out of the Excess Proceeds. The offer price in any Asset Sale Offer will be equal to 100% of principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Interest, if any, thereon to the Settlement Date, subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the Settlement Date, and will be payable in cash. If any Excess Proceeds remain after consummation of an Asset Sale Offer, the Company may use those Excess Proceeds for any purpose not otherwise prohibited by this Indenture. If the aggregate principal amount of Notes and Pari Passu Indebtedness tendered into such Asset Sale Offer exceeds the amount of Excess Proceeds, the Trustee will select the Notes and such Pari Passu Indebtedness to be purchased on a pro rata basis. Upon surrender of a Note that is repurchased in part, the Issuers shall issue in the name of the applicable Holder and the Trustee shall authenticate for such Holder at the expense of the Issuers a new Note equal in principal amount to the non-repurchased portion of

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the Note surrendered. Upon completion of each Asset Sale Offer, the amount of Excess Proceeds will be reset at zero.
     The Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with each repurchase of Notes pursuant to an Asset Sale Offer. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.10, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under such provisions by virtue of such compliance.
Section 4.11 Limitation on Transactions with Affiliates.
     The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate of the Company (each, an “Affiliate Transaction”), unless:
     (1) the Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are no less favorable to the Company or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that would have been obtained in a comparable transaction by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary with an unrelated Person; and
     (2) the Company delivers to the Trustee:
     (a) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $15.0 million, an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction complies with this Section 4.11; and
     (b) with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $30.0 million, a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company set forth in an Officers’ Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction complies with this Section 4.11 and that such Affiliate Transaction has been approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Company.
     The following items will not be deemed to be Affiliate Transactions and, therefore, will not be subject to the provisions of the prior paragraph of this Section 4.11:
     (1) any employment agreement or arrangement, equity award, equity option or equity appreciation agreement or plan, employee benefit plan, officer or director indemnification agreement, severance agreement or other compensation plan or arrangement entered into by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, and payments, awards, grants or issuances of securities pursuant thereto;

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     (2) transactions between or among any of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;
     (3) transactions with a Person (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company) that is an Affiliate of the Company solely because the Company owns, directly or indirectly, an Equity Interest in, or otherwise controls, such Person;
     (4) customary compensation, indemnification and other benefits made available to officers, directors or employees of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or Affiliate of the Company, including reimbursement or advancement of out-of-pocket expenses and provisions of officers’ and directors’ liability insurance;
     (5) sales of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) to, or receipt of capital contributions from, Affiliates of the Company;
     (6) any Permitted Investments or Restricted Payments that are permitted by Section 4.07;
     (7) transactions between the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and any Person that would not otherwise constitute an Affiliate Transaction except for the fact that one director of such other Person is also a director of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable; provided that such director abstains from voting as a director of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, on any matter involving such other Person;
     (8) the existence of, and the performance of obligations of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries under the terms of, any written agreement to which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is a party on the date of this Indenture and which is described in the Offering Memorandum, as such agreements may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time; provided, however, that any amendment, modification or supplement entered into after the date of this Indenture will be permitted to the extent that its terms are not materially more disadvantageous, taken as a whole, to the Holders of the Notes than the terms of the agreements in effect on the date of this Indenture;
     (9) any transaction in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, delivers to the Trustee a letter from an accounting, appraisal or investment banking firm of national standing stating that such transaction is fair to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from a financial point of view or that such transaction meets the requirements of clause (1) of this Section 4.11; and
     (10) (a) guarantees by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of performance of obligations of the Company’s Unrestricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, except for guarantees of Indebtedness in respect of borrowed money, and (b) pledges by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of Equity Interests in Unrestricted Subsidiaries for the benefit of lenders or other creditors of the Company’s Unrestricted Subsidiaries.

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Section 4.12 Limitation on Liens.
     The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any Lien of any kind (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of its property or assets (whether now owned or hereafter acquired), securing Indebtedness or Attributable Debt, unless the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantee of such Restricted Subsidiary, as applicable, is secured on an equal and ratable basis with (or, in the case of obligations subordinated in right of payment to the Notes or such Subsidiary Guarantee, as the case may be, on a basis senior (to at least the same extent as the Notes are senior in right of payment) to) the obligations so secured until such time as such obligations are no longer secured by a Lien.
     Any Lien on any property or assets of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries created for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall provide by its terms that such Lien shall be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged at such time as there are no other Liens of any kind (other than Permitted Liens) on such property or assets securing Indebtedness or Attributable Debt.
Section 4.13 Additional Subsidiary Guarantees.
     If, after the date of this Indenture, any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company that is not already a Guarantor guarantees any other Indebtedness of either of the Issuers or any Indebtedness of any Guarantor, or any Domestic Subsidiary, if not then a Guarantor, incurs any Indebtedness under any of the Credit Facilities, then in either case that Subsidiary shall become a Guarantor by executing a supplemental indenture substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto and delivering it to the Trustee within twenty Business Days of the date on which it guaranteed or incurred such Indebtedness, as the case may be, together with any Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel required by Section 9.06; provided, however, that the preceding shall not apply to Subsidiaries of the Company that have properly been designated as Unrestricted Subsidiaries in accordance with this Indenture for so long as they continue to constitute Unrestricted Subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the preceding, any Subsidiary Guarantee of a Restricted Subsidiary that was incurred pursuant to this Section 4.13 shall provide by its terms that it shall be automatically and unconditionally released at such time as such Guarantor ceases both (x) to guarantee any other Indebtedness of either of the Issuers and any Indebtedness of any other Guarantor (except as a result of payment under any such other guarantee) and (y) to be an obligor with respect to any Indebtedness under any Credit Facility.
     Each Subsidiary Guarantee shall also be released in accordance with Article 10.
Section 4.14 Existence.
     Except as otherwise permitted pursuant to the terms hereof (including consolidation and merger permitted by Section 5.01), the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its limited liability company existence, and the corporate, partnership, limited liability company or other existence of each of its Restricted Subsidiaries, in accordance with the respective organizational documents (as the same may be amended from time to time) of the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary;

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provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve the existence of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (except Finance Corp.) if the Company shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Notes.
Section 4.15 Offer to Repurchase Upon Change of Control.
     Within 30 days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company shall make an offer (a “Change of Control Offer”) to repurchase all or any part (equal to $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000) of each Holder’s Notes at a purchase price (the “Change of Control Payment”) in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of Notes repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Interest, if any, thereon to the date of settlement (the “Change of Control Settlement Date”), subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an interest payment date that is on or prior to the Change of Control Settlement Date. Within 30 days following a Change of Control, the Company shall mail a notice of the Change of Control Offer to each Holder and the Trustee describing the transaction that constitutes the Change of Control and stating:
     (a) that the Change of Control Offer is being made pursuant to this Section 4.15 and that all Notes validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Change of Control Offer will be accepted for payment;
     (b) the purchase price and the purchase date, which shall be no earlier than 30 days but no later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed (the “Change of Control Purchase Date”);
     (c) that the Change of Control Offer will expire as of the time specified in such notice on the Change of Control Purchase Date and that the Company shall pay the Change of Control Purchase Price for all Notes purchased as of the Change of Control Purchase Date promptly thereafter on the Change of Control Settlement Date;
     (d) that any Note not tendered will continue to accrue interest and Additional Interest, if any;
     (e) that, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the Change of Control Payment, all Notes accepted for payment pursuant to the Change of Control Offer shall cease to accrue interest and Additional Interest, if any, after the Change of Control Purchase Date;
     (f) that Holders electing to have any Notes purchased pursuant to a Change of Control Offer will be required to surrender the Notes, properly endorsed for transfer, together with the form entitled “Option of Holder to Elect Purchase” on the reverse of the Notes completed and such customary documents as the Company may reasonably request, to the Paying Agent at the address specified in the notice prior to the termination of the Change of Control Offer on the Change of Control Purchase Date;

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     (g) that Holders will be entitled to withdraw their election if the Paying Agent receives, prior to the termination of the Change of Control Offer, a telegram, facsimile transmission or letter setting forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of Notes delivered for purchase, and a statement that such Holder is withdrawing its election to have the Notes purchased; and
     (h) that Holders whose Notes are being purchased only in part will be issued new Notes equal in principal amount to the unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, which unpurchased portion must be equal to $2,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000.
     If any of the Notes subject to a Change of Control Offer is in the form of a Global Note, then the Company shall modify such notice to the extent necessary to accord with the procedures of the Depository applicable to repurchases. Further, the Company shall comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of Notes as a result of a Change of Control. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the provisions of this Section 4.15, the Company will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under such provisions by virtue of such compliance.
     On the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company shall, to the extent lawful, accept for payment all Notes or portions thereof (in integral multiples of $1,000) properly tendered pursuant to the Change of Control Offer. Promptly thereafter on the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company shall:
     (i) deposit with the Paying Agent by 11:00 a.m., New York City time, an amount equal to the Change of Control Payment in respect of all Notes or portions thereof so tendered; and
     (ii) deliver or cause to be delivered to the Trustee the Notes so accepted together with an Officers’ Certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of Notes or portions of Notes being purchased by the Company.
     On the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Paying Agent shall mail to each Holder of Notes properly tendered the Change of Control Payment for such Notes (or, if all the Notes are then in global form, make such payment through the facilities of the Depository) and the Trustee shall authenticate and mail (or cause to be transferred by book entry) to each Holder a new Note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of the Notes surrendered, if any; provided, however, that each such new Note will be in a principal amount of $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess of $2,000. The Company shall publicly announce the results of the Change of Control Offer on or as soon as practicable after the Change of Control Purchase Date.
     The Change of Control provisions described in this Section 4.15 shall be applicable whether or nor any other provisions of this Indenture are applicable.
     Prior to complying with any of the provisions of this Section 4.15, but in any event no later than the Change of Control Purchase Date, the Company or any Guarantor shall either repay

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all of its other outstanding Senior Debt or obtain the requisite consents, if any, under all agreements governing such Senior Debt to permit the repurchase of Notes required by this Section 4.15.
     The Company shall not be required to make a Change of Control Offer following a Change of Control if (1) a third party makes the Change of Control Offer in the manner, at the time and otherwise in compliance with the requirements set forth in this Indenture applicable to a Change of Control Offer made by the Company and purchases all Notes properly tendered and not withdrawn under such Change of Control Offer or (2) notice of redemption of all Notes has been given pursuant to Section 3.07, unless there is a default in payment of the applicable redemption price.
     A Change of Control Offer may be made in advance of a Change of Control, and conditioned upon the occurrence of such Change of Control, if a definitive agreement is in place for such Change of Control at the time of making the Change of Control Offer.
     In the event that Holders of not less than 90% of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes accept a Change of Control Offer and the Company purchases all of the Notes held by such Holders, the Company will have the right, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ prior notice, given not more than 30 days following the purchase pursuant to such Change of Control Offer, to redeem all of the Notes that remain outstanding following such purchase at a purchase price equal to the Change of Control Payment plus, to the extent not included in the Change of Control Payment, accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes that remain outstanding, to the date of redemption (subject to the right of Holders on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).
Section 4.16 No Partial Inducements.
     The Company shall not, and the Company shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries, either directly or indirectly, to pay (or cause to be paid) any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Beneficial Owner or Holder of the Notes for or as an inducement to any consent to any waiver, supplement or amendment of any terms or provisions of this Indenture or the Notes, unless such consideration is offered to be paid (or agreed to be paid) to all Beneficial Owners and Holders of the Notes which so consent in the time frame set forth in the solicitation documents relating to such consent.
Section 4.17 Limitations on Finance Corp. Activities.
     Finance Corp. shall not incur Indebtedness unless (1) the Company is a co-issuer or guarantor of such Indebtedness or (2) the net proceeds of such Indebtedness are loaned to the Company, used to acquire outstanding debt securities issued by the Company or used to repay Indebtedness of the Company as permitted under Section 4.09. Finance Corp. shall not engage in any business not related directly or indirectly to obtaining money or arranging financing for the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries.

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Section 4.18 Designation of Restricted and Unrestricted Subsidiaries.
     The Board of Directors of the Company may designate any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary if that designation would not cause a Default. If a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company is designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, the aggregate fair market value of all outstanding Investments owned by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the Subsidiary properly designated as an Unrestricted Subsidiary will be deemed to be an Investment made as of the time of the designation and will reduce the amount available for Restricted Payments under the first paragraph of Section 4.07 or represent Permitted Investments, as determined by the Company. That designation shall only be permitted if the Investment would be permitted at that time and if the Subsidiary so designated otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.
     The Board of Directors of the Company may at any time designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary of the Company to be a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company; provided that such designation will be deemed to be an incurrence of Indebtedness by a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company of any outstanding Indebtedness of such Unrestricted Subsidiary and such designation will only be permitted if (1) such Indebtedness is permitted under Section 4.09, calculated on a pro forma basis as if such designation had occurred at the beginning of the four-quarter reference period, and (2) no Default or Event of Default would be in existence following such designation.
ARTICLE 5
SUCCESSORS
Section 5.01 Merger, Consolidation, or Sale of Assets.
     Neither of the Issuers may, directly or indirectly, (x) consolidate or merge with or into another Person (whether or not such Issuer is the survivor), or (y) sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in one or more related transactions to another Person, unless:
     (a) either (1) such Issuer is the survivor or (2) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than such Issuer) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made is a Person organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia; provided, however, that Finance Corp. may not consolidate or merge with or into any Person other than a corporation satisfying such requirement so long as the Company is not a corporation;
     (b) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than such Issuer) or the Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made assumes all the obligations of such Issuer under the Notes, this Indenture and the applicable Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to a supplemental indenture or other agreement in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee;
     (c) immediately after such transaction, no Default or Event of Default exists;

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     (d) in the case of a transaction involving the Company and not Finance Corp., either
     (i) the Company or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made will, at the time of such transaction immediately after giving pro forma effect thereto and any related financing transaction as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, be permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in the first paragraph of Section 4.09 hereof; or
     (ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and any related financing transactions on a pro forma basis as if the same had occurred at the beginning of the Company’s most recently ended four full quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date of the transactions, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition has been made, will be equal to or greater than the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of the Company immediately prior to such transaction; or
     (iii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and any related financing transactions on a pro forma basis, the Consolidated Net Worth of the Company will be greater than the Consolidated Net Worth of the Company immediately prior to such transaction; and
     (e) such Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or disposition and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with this Indenture.
     Notwithstanding the restrictions described in the foregoing clause (d), any Restricted Subsidiary (other than an Issuer) may consolidate with, merge into or dispose of all or part of its properties and assets to the Company, and the Company will not be required to comply with the preceding clause (e) in connection with any such consolidation, merger or disposition.
     Notwithstanding the second preceding paragraph of this Section 5.01, the Company may reorganize as any other form of entity in accordance with the following procedures provided that:
     (1) the reorganization involves the conversion (by merger, sale, contribution or exchange of assets or otherwise) of the Company into a form of entity other than a limited liability company formed under Delaware law;
     (2) the entity so formed by or resulting from such reorganization is an entity organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

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     (3) the entity so formed by or resulting from such reorganization assumes all the obligations of the Company under the Notes, this Indenture and the applicable Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to agreements reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee;
     (4) immediately after such reorganization no Default or Event of Default exists; and
     (5) such reorganization is not materially adverse to the Holders or Beneficial Owners of the Notes (for purposes of this clause (5) a reorganization will not be considered materially adverse to the Holders or Beneficial Owners of the Notes solely because the successor or survivor of such reorganization (a) is subject to federal or state income taxation as an entity or (b) is considered to be an “includable corporation” of an affiliated group of corporations with the meaning of Section 1504(b)(i) of the Code or any similar state or local law).
     For purposes of the foregoing, the transfer (by lease, assignment, sale or otherwise, in a single transaction or series of transactions) of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of one or more Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, the Capital Stock of which constitutes all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company, shall be deemed to be the transfer of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company.
Section 5.02 Successor Substituted.
     Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of an Issuer in accordance with Section 5.01 hereof, in which such Issuer is not the surviving entity, the successor formed by such consolidation or into or with which such Issuer is merged or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, such Issuer under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor had been named as such Issuer herein and shall be substituted for such Issuer (so that from and after the date of such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the provisions of this Indenture referring to the “Company” or “Finance Corp.,” as the case may be, shall refer instead to the successor and not to the Company or Finance Corp., as the case may be); and thereafter, if an Issuer is dissolved following a transfer of all or substantially all of its properties or assets in accordance with this Indenture (except in the case of a lease of all or substantially all of such Issuer’s assets), it shall be discharged and released from all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Notes. The Trustee shall enter into a supplemental indenture to evidence the succession and substitution of such successor and such discharge and release of such Issuer.

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ARTICLE 6
DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
Section 6.01 Events of Default.
     An “Event of Default” occurs if one of the following shall have occurred and be continuing (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be involuntary or be effected by operation of law):
     (a) an Issuer defaults in the payment when due of interest or Additional Interest, if any, with respect to the Notes, and such default continues for a period of 30 days;
     (b) an Issuer defaults in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, on the Notes when due at their Stated Maturity, upon optional redemption, upon required repurchase, upon acceleration or otherwise;
     (c) the Company fails to comply with the provisions of Section 5.01 hereof or to consummate a purchase of Notes when required pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.09, 4.10 or 4.15 hereof;
     (d) the Company fails to comply with the provisions of Section 4.03 for 90 days after notice to the Company by the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding of such failure;
     (e) the Company fails to comply with any other covenant or other agreement in this Indenture or the Notes (including the provisions of Section 3.09, 4.10 or 4.15 to the extent not described in clause (c) of this Section 6.01) for 60 days after notice to the Company by the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding of such failure;
     (f) a default occurs under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or the payment of which is guaranteed by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), whether such Indebtedness or guarantee now exists or is created after the Initial Issuance Date, if such default:
     (1) is caused by a failure to pay principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on such Indebtedness prior to the expiration of any grace period provided in such Indebtedness (a “Payment Default”); or
     (2) results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity
and, in each case, the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default or the maturity of which has been so accelerated, aggregates $40.0 million or

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more; provided, however, that if any such default is cured or waived or any such acceleration rescinded, or such Indebtedness is repaid, within a period of 30 days from the continuation of such default beyond the applicable grace period or the occurrence of such acceleration, as the case may be, such Event of Default and any consequential acceleration of the Notes shall be automatically rescinded, so long as such rescission does not conflict with any judgment or decree;
     (g) the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries fails to pay final judgments aggregating in excess of $40.0 million (to the extent not covered by insurance by a reputable and creditworthy insurer as to which the insurer has not disclaimed coverage), which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed for a period of 60 days;
     (h) (1) any Subsidiary Guarantee is held in any judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid or ceases for any reason to be in full force and effect or (2) any Guarantor, or any Person acting on behalf of any Guarantor, denies or disaffirms its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee, except, in each case, by reason of the release of such Subsidiary Guarantee in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture; and
     (i) the Company, Finance Corp., any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to or within the meaning of Bankruptcy Law:
     (1) commences a voluntary case,
     (2) consents in writing to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,
     (3) consents in writing to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property,
     (4) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or
     (5) admits in writing it generally is not paying its debts as they become due; or
     (j) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:
     (1) is for relief against the Company, Finance Corp., any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company, in an involuntary case;
     (2) appoints a Custodian (x) of the Company, Finance Corp., any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken as a

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whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company, or (y) for all or substantially all of the property of the Company, Finance Corp., any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company, that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company; or
     (3) orders the liquidation of the Company, Finance Corp., any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken as a whole, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company;
     and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days.
Section 6.02 Acceleration.
     If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee, by notice to the Issuers, or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes, by notice to the Issuers and the Trustee, may declare all the Notes to be due and payable immediately. Upon any such declaration, the Notes shall become due and payable immediately, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, Additional Interest, if any, and premium, if any, thereon. Notwithstanding the preceding, if an Event of Default specified in clause (i) or (j) of Section 6.01 hereof occurs with respect to the Company, Finance Corp., any of the Company’s Restricted Subsidiaries that is a Significant Subsidiary of the Company or any group of Restricted Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken together, would constitute a Significant Subsidiary of the Company, all outstanding Notes shall become due and payable immediately without further action or notice, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, Additional Interest, if any, and premium, if any, thereon. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of all of the Holders rescind an acceleration and its consequences if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all existing Events of Default (except with respect to nonpayment of principal, interest, premium or Additional Interest, if any, that have become due solely because of the acceleration) have been cured or waived.
Section 6.03 Other Remedies.
     If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of principal of and interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Notes or this Indenture.
     The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Notes or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder of a Note in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. All remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.

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Section 6.04 Waiver of Past Defaults.
     Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes by notice to the Trustee may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive (including, without limitation, in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Notes) any existing Default or Event of Default and its consequences hereunder, except a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, or interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes. Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
Section 6.05 Control by Majority.
     Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders of Notes or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability. In case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to reasonable indemnification against all loss, liability and expenses caused by the taking or not taking of such action.
Section 6.06 Limitation on Suits.
     A Holder of a Note may pursue a remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Notes only if:
     (a) the Holder of a Note gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default;
     (b) the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;
     (c) such Holder of a Note or Holders of Notes offer and, if requested, provide to the Trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;
     (d) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer and, if requested, the provision of indemnity; and
     (e) during such 60-day period, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.
A Holder of a Note may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of a Note or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of a Note.

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Section 6.07 Rights of Holders of Notes to Receive Payment.
     Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Note to receive payment of principal of and interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Note (including in connection with an offer to purchase), or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.
Section 6.08 Collection Suit by Trustee.
     If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(a) or (b) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee is authorized to recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Issuers and the Guarantors for the whole amount of principal of, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, remaining unpaid on the Notes and interest on overdue principal and, to the extent lawful, interest and Additional Interest, if any, and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.
Section 6.09 Trustee is Authorized to File Proofs of Claim.
     The Trustee is authorized to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Holders of the Notes allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Issuers (or any other obligor upon the Notes), their creditors or their property and shall be entitled and empowered to collect, receive and distribute any money or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and any custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof. To the extent that the payment of any such compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07 hereof out of the estate in any such proceeding, shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a Lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, money, securities and other properties that the Holders may be entitled to receive in such proceeding whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.
Section 6.10 Priorities.
     If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article, it shall pay out the money in the following order:

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     First: to the Trustee, its agents and attorneys for amounts due under Section 7.07 hereof, including payment of all compensation, expense and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and the Trustee’s costs and expenses of collection;
     Second: to Holders of Notes for amounts due and unpaid on the Notes for principal, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Notes for principal, interest, premium and Additional Interest, if any, respectively; and
     Third: to the Issuers or to such party as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct.
     The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders of Notes pursuant to this Section 6.10.
Section 6.11 Undertaking for Costs.
     In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as a Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder of a Note pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof, or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.
ARTICLE 7
TRUSTEE
Section 7.01 Duties of Trustee.
     (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.
     (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
     (i) the duties of the Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture and the Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and
     (ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, the Trustee shall

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examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture.
     (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liabilities for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:
     (i) this paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section 7.01;
     (ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and
     (iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05 hereof.
     (d) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section 7.01.
     (e) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with an Issuer. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.
     (f) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or incur any liability. In case an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights and powers under this Indenture at the request of any Holder unless such Holder has offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity or security against any loss, liability or expense.
     (g) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder and in its capacity as Trustee under any other agreement executed in connection with the Indenture to which the Trustee is a party.
Section 7.02 Rights of Trustee.
     (a) The Trustee may conclusively rely upon any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.
     (b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee may consult with counsel of its own selection and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete

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authorization and protection from liability in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.
     (c) The Trustee may act through its attorneys and agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed by it with due care.
     (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith that it believes to be authorized or within the rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.
     (e) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from an Issuer shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of such Issuer. The Trustee may, from time to time or at any time, request that the Issuers deliver an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers of each Issuer authorized at such time to deliver, on behalf of such Issuer, an Officers’ Certificate or order to, or otherwise take specified actions on behalf of such Issuer with respect to, the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture, which Officers’ Certificate may be signed on behalf of such Issuer by any person authorized, on behalf of such Issuer, to sign an Officers’ Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered by such Issuer.
     (f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders unless such Holder shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.
     (g) The Trustee shall have no duty to inquire as to the performance of the Company’s covenants in Article 4 hereof. In addition, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default except: (1) any Event of Default occurring pursuant to Section 6.01(a) or 6.01(b) hereof; or (2) any Default or Event of Default of which a Responsible Officer shall have received written notification or obtained actual knowledge.
     (h) The permissive right of the Trustee to act hereunder shall not be construed as a duty.
     (i) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.
     (j) The delivery of documents and information to the Trustee under Section 4.03 is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from the information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder, except to the extent that such documents and information would constitute notice under Section 7.02(g) of this Indenture.

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Section 7.03 Individual Rights of Trustee.
     The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Issuers, any Guarantor or any Affiliate of the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. However, in the event that the Trustee acquires any conflicting interest (as defined in the TIA) after a Default has occurred and is continuing, it must eliminate such conflict within 90 days, apply to the SEC for permission to continue as Trustee (if this Indenture is then qualified under the TIA) or resign. Any Agent may do the same with like rights and duties. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11 hereof.
Section 7.04 Trustee’s Disclaimer.
     The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Notes, it shall not be accountable for either Issuer’s use of the proceeds from the Notes or any money paid to an Issuer or upon either Issuer’s direction under any provision of this Indenture, it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee, and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Notes or any other document in connection with the sale of the Notes or pursuant to this Indenture other than its certificate of authentication.
Section 7.05 Notice of Defaults.
     If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to Holders of Notes a notice of the Default or Event of Default within 90 days after it occurs. Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of, or interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, on, any Note, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of the Holders of the Notes.
Section 7.06 Reports by Trustee to Holders of the Notes.
     Within 60 days after each May 15 beginning with the May 15 following the date of this Indenture, and for so long as Notes remain outstanding, the Trustee shall mail to the Holders of the Notes a brief report dated as of such reporting date that complies with TIA § 313(a) (but if no event described in TIA § 313(a) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date, no report need be transmitted). The Trustee also shall comply with TIA § 313(b)(2), to the extent applicable, and § 313(b)(1). The Trustee shall also transmit by mail all reports as required by TIA § 313(c).
     A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to the Holders of Notes shall be mailed to the Issuers and filed with the SEC and each stock exchange (if any) on which the Notes are listed in accordance with TIA § 313(d). The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when the Notes are listed on or de-listed from any stock exchange.

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Section 7.07 Compensation and Indemnity.
     The Issuers shall pay to the Trustee from time to time such reasonable compensation as the Issuers and the Trustee may agree in writing for the Trustee’s acceptance of this Indenture and services hereunder. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuers shall reimburse the Trustee promptly upon request for all reasonable disbursements, advances and expenses incurred or made by it in addition to the compensation for its services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.
     The Issuers and the Guarantors shall indemnify the Trustee, jointly and severally, against any and all losses, liabilities, damages, claims or expenses, including taxes (other than those based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee) and the reasonable out of pocket fees and expenses of counsel, incurred by it arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties under this Indenture, including the costs and expenses of enforcing this Indenture against the Issuers and the Guarantors (including this Section 7.07) and defending itself against any claim (whether asserted by an Issuer, any Guarantor or any Holder or any other Person) or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder, except to the extent any such loss, liability, damage, claim or expense may be attributable to its gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trustee shall notify the Issuers and the Guarantors promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Issuers and the Guarantors shall not relieve the Issuers or the Guarantors of their obligations hereunder. The Issuers and the Guarantors shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Issuers and the Guarantors shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel; provided that the Issuers and the Guarantors will not be required to pay such fees and expenses if they assume the Trustee’s defense with counsel acceptable to and approved by the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld) and there is no conflict of interest between the Issuers and the Trustee in connection with such defense. The Issuers and the Guarantors need not pay for any settlement made without their consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
     The obligations of the Issuers and the Guarantors under this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture.
     To secure the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ payment obligations in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a Lien prior to the Notes on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Notes. Such Lien shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.
     When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(i) or 6.01(j) hereof occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services (including the fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.
     The Trustee shall comply with the provisions of TIA § 313(b)(2) to the extent applicable.

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Section 7.08 Replacement of Trustee.
     A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section.
     The Trustee may resign in writing upon thirty (30) days notice at any time and be discharged from the trust hereby created by so notifying the Issuers. The Holders of Notes of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may remove the Trustee by so notifying the Trustee and the Issuers in writing and may appoint a successor trustee with the consent of the Issuers. The Issuers may remove the Trustee if:
     (a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof;
     (b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;
     (c) a receiver, Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or
     (d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.
     If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Issuers shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Issuers.
     If a successor Trustee does not take office within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Issuers or the Holders of Notes of at least 10% in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes may petition any court of competent jurisdiction, at the expense of the Issuers, for the appointment of a successor Trustee.
     If the Trustee, after written request by any Holder of a Note who has been a Holder of a Note for at least six months, fails to comply with Section 7.10 hereof, such Holder of a Note may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.
     A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Issuers. Thereupon, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders of the Notes. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, provided all sums owing to the Trustee hereunder have been paid and subject to the Lien provided for in Section 7.07 hereof. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

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Section 7.09 Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.
     If the Trustee consolidates with, or merges or converts into, or transfers or sells all or substantially all of its corporate trust business or assets to, another corporation or banking association, the successor corporation or banking association without any further act shall be the successor Trustee. As soon as practicable, the successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to the Issuers and the Holders of the Notes.
Section 7.10 Eligibility; Disqualification.
     There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder that is a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state thereof that is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trustee power, that is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities and that has a combined capital and surplus of at least $100 million as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. No obligor upon the Notes shall serve as a Trustee.
     This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA § 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee is subject to TIA § 310(b).
Section 7.11 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuers.
     The Trustee is subject to TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.
ARTICLE 8
LEGAL DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE
Section 8.01 Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.
     The Issuers may, at the option of their respective Boards of Directors evidenced by a resolution set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, at any time, exercise their rights under either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof with respect to all outstanding Notes upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article 8.
Section 8.02 Legal Defeasance and Discharge.
     Upon the Issuers’ exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.02, the Issuers shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be deemed to have discharged their obligations with respect to all outstanding Notes, and each Guarantor shall be deemed to have discharged its obligations with respect to its Subsidiary Guarantee, on the date the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Issuers shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Indebtedness represented by the outstanding Notes, and each Guarantor shall be deemed to have paid and discharged its Subsidiary Guarantee (which in each case shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.05 hereof and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (a) and

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(b) below) and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Notes or Subsidiary Guarantee and this Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuers, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following provisions which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding Notes to receive solely from the trust fund described in Section 8.04 hereof, and as more fully set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of and interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, on, such Notes when such payments are due, (b) the Issuers’ obligations with respect to such Notes under Sections 2.03, 2.04, 2.07, 2.09 and 4.02 hereof and the Appendix, (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ obligations in connection therewith and (d) the Legal Defeasance provisions of this Article 8. Subject to compliance with this Article 8, the Issuers may exercise their option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 hereof.
     If the Issuers exercise their Legal Defeasance option, each Guarantor will be released and relieved of any obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee, and any security for the Notes (other than the trust) will be released.
Section 8.03 Covenant Defeasance.
     Upon the Issuers’ exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03, the Issuers shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be released from their obligations under the covenants contained in Article 4 (other than those in Sections 4.01, 4.02 and 4.06 and, solely with respect to the Issuers, 4.14) and in clause (d) of Section 5.01 hereof on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and the Notes shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Notes shall not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Notes, the Issuers and any Guarantor may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 hereof, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Notes shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Issuers’ exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03 hereof, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, Section 6.01(d) and Sections 6.01(f) through 6.01(h) hereof shall not constitute Events of Default.
     If the Issuers exercise their Covenant Defeasance option, each Guarantor will be released and relieved of any obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee and any security for the Notes (other than the trust) will be released.

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Section 8.04 Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance.
     In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance:
     (a) the Issuers must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized investment banking firm, appraisal firm or firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of, and interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, on, the outstanding Notes on the date of fixed maturity or on the applicable redemption date, as the case may be, and the Issuers must specify whether the Notes are being defeased to the date of fixed maturity or to a particular redemption date;
     (b) in the case of an election under Section 8.02 hereof, the Issuers shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that:
     (1) the Issuers have received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling; or
     (2) since the Initial Issuance Date, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law,
in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;
     (c) in the case of an election under Section 8.03 hereof, the Issuers shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel reasonably acceptable to the Trustee confirming that the Holders of the outstanding Notes will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;
     (d) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the incurrence of Indebtedness or other borrowing of funds or the grant of Liens securing such Indebtedness or other borrowing, all or a portion of the proceeds of which will be applied to such deposit pursuant to this Section 8.04);
     (e) such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound;

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     (f) the Issuers shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Issuers with the intent of preferring the Holders over the other creditors of the Issuers or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of the Issuers or others; and
     (g) the Issuers shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent relating to the Legal Defeasance or the Covenant Defeasance have been complied with.
Section 8.05 Deposited Money and Government Securities to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions.
     Subject to Section 8.06 hereof, all money and non-callable Government Securities (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.04 or 8.08 hereof in respect of the outstanding Notes shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company or any of its Subsidiaries acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Notes of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.
     The Issuers shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or non-callable Government Securities deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 or 8.08 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Notes.
     Anything in this Article 8 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Issuers from time to time upon the written request of the Issuers any money or non-callable Government Securities held by it as provided in Section 8.04 or 8.08 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.04(a) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance, Covenant Defeasance or Discharge, as the case may be.
     Section 8.06 Repayment to Issuers.
     Subject to applicable escheat and abandoned property laws, any money or non-callable Government Securities deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by an Issuer, in trust for the payment of the principal of, or interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, on, any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, has become due and payable shall be paid to the Issuers on their written request or (if then held by an Issuer) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter, as an unsecured creditor, look only to the Issuers for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money or non-callable Government Securities, and all liability of the Issuers as trustee thereof, shall

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thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Issuers cause to be published once, in the New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuers.
Section 8.07 Reinstatement.
     If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any money or non-callable Government Securities in accordance with Section 8.05 hereof, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Issuers’ obligations under this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.05 hereof; provided, however, that, if an Issuer makes any payment of principal of, interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, on, any Note following the reinstatement of its obligations, such Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the money or Government Securities deposited with or held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.
Section 8.08 Discharge.
     This Indenture shall be satisfied and discharged and shall cease to be of further effect as to all Notes issued hereunder (except for (a) the rights of Holders of outstanding Notes to receive solely from the trust fund described in clause (b) of this Section 8.08, and as more fully set forth in such clause (b), payments in respect of the principal of and interest, premium and Additional Interest, if any, on, such Notes when such payments are due, (b) the Issuers’ obligations with respect to such Notes under Sections 2.03, 2.04, 2.07, 2.09 and 4.02 hereof and the Appendix and (c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Issuers’ obligations in connection therewith), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to all the Notes, when:
     (1) either:
     (a) all Notes that have been authenticated, except lost, stolen or destroyed Notes that have been replaced or paid and Notes for whose payment money has been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to the Issuers, have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
     (b) all Notes that have not been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year by reason of the mailing of a notice of redemption or otherwise, and the Issuers or any Guarantor has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust solely for the benefit of the Holders, cash in U.S. dollars, non-callable Government Securities, or a combination of cash in U.S. dollars and non-callable Government

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Securities, in amounts as will be sufficient without consideration of any reinvestment of interest, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Notes not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation for principal, accrued interest, premium, if any, and Additional Interest, if any, to the date of fixed maturity or redemption;
     (2) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of the deposit or will occur as a result of the deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default resulting from the incurrence of Indebtedness or other borrowing of funds or the grant of Liens securing such Indebtedness or other borrowing, all or a portion of the proceeds of which will be applied to such deposit) and the deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound;
     (3) the Issuers or any Guarantor has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable by it under this Indenture;
     (4) the Issuers have delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the Notes at fixed maturity or the redemption date, as the case may be; and
     (5) the Issuers have delivered an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the Trustee stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture (“Discharge”) have been satisfied.
ARTICLE 9
AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER
Section 9.01 Without Consent of Holders of Notes.
     Notwithstanding Section 9.02 of this Indenture, the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Notes without the consent of any Holder of a Note:
     (a) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;
     (b) to provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or in place of certificated Notes;
     (c) to provide for the assumption of an Issuer’s obligations to the Holders of Notes pursuant to Article 5 hereof;
     (d) to make any change that would provide any additional rights or benefits to the Holders of the Notes or that does not adversely affect the legal rights hereunder of any such Holder, provided that any change to conform this Indenture to the Offering Memorandum shall not be deemed to adversely affect the legal rights hereunder of any Holder;

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     (e) to secure the Notes or the Subsidiary Guarantees pursuant to the requirements of Section 4.12 or otherwise;
     (f) to provide for the issuance of Additional Notes in accordance with the limitations set forth in this Indenture;
     (g) to add any additional Guarantor with respect to the Notes or to evidence the release of any Guarantor from its Subsidiary Guarantee in accordance with Article 10 hereof;
     (h) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA;
     (i) to evidence or provide for the acceptance of appointment under this Indenture of a successor Trustee; or
     (j) to conform the text of this Indenture, the Subsidiary Guarantees or the Notes to any provision described in the “Description of Notes” contained in the Offering Memorandum.
     Upon the request of the Company accompanied by a resolution of its Board of Directors authorizing the execution of any such amended or supplemental indenture, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06 hereof, the Trustee shall join with the Issuers and the Guarantors in the execution of any amended or supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into such amended or supplemental Indenture that affects its own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
Section 9.02 With Consent of Holders of Notes.
     Except as provided above in Section 9.01 and below in this Section 9.02, the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture and the Notes may be amended or supplemented with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Notes), and, subject to Sections 6.04 and 6.07 hereof, any existing Default or Event of Default or compliance with any provision of this Indenture or the Notes may be waived with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding Notes (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, tender offer or exchange offer for Notes). However, without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment, supplement or waiver may not (with respect to any Notes held by a non-consenting Holder):
     (a) reduce the principal amount of Notes whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

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     (b) reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any Note or alter any of the provisions with respect to the redemption or repurchase of the Notes (other than the provisions relating to the covenants in Sections 3.09, 4.10 and 4.15 hereof);
     (c) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest, including default interest, on any Note;
     (d) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, or interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes (except a rescission of acceleration of the Notes by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Notes and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);
     (e) make any Note payable in money other than that stated in the Notes;
     (f) make any change in the provisions of this Indenture relating to waivers of past Defaults or Events of Default or the rights of Holders of Notes to receive payments of principal of, or interest, premium, or Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes (except as permitted in clause (g) below);
     (g) waive a redemption or repurchase payment with respect to any Note (other than a payment required by Sections 3.09, 4.10 and 4.15 hereof);
     (h) release any Guarantor from any of its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee or this Indenture, except in accordance with the terms of this Indenture; or
     (i) make any change in the preceding amendment, supplement and waiver provisions.
     Upon the request of the Issuers accompanied by Board Resolutions authorizing their execution of any such amended or supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence satisfactory to the Trustee of the consent of the Holders of Notes as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in Section 9.06 hereof, the Trustee shall join with the Issuers and the Guarantors in the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture, unless such amended or supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental indenture.
     It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Notes under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.
     After an amendment, supplement or waiver under this Section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of Notes affected thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amended or supplemental Indenture or waiver.

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Section 9.03 Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.
     Every amendment or supplement to this Indenture or the Notes shall be set forth in an amended or supplemental Indenture that complies with the TIA as then in effect.
     A consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver under this Indenture by any Holder given in connection with a purchase, tender or exchange of such Holder’s Notes shall not be rendered invalid by such purchase, tender or exchange.
Section 9.04 Revocation and Effect of Consents.
     Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Note is a continuing consent by the Holder of a Note and every subsequent Holder of a Note or portion of a Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Note, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Note. However, any such Holder of a Note or subsequent Holder of a Note may revoke the consent as to its Note if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before the date the waiver, supplement or amendment becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and, except as provided in the second succeeding paragraph, thereafter binds every Holder.
     The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the second to last sentence of the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment or waiver or revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No consent shall be valid or effective for more than 90 days after such record date except to the extent that the requisite number of consents to the amendment, supplement or waiver have been obtained within such 90-day period or as set forth in the next paragraph of this Section 9.04.
     After an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder, unless it makes a change described in any of clauses (a) through (i) of Section 9.02, in which case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind only each Holder of a Note who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Note or portion of a Note that evidences the same indebtedness as the consenting Holder’s Note.
Section 9.05 Notation on or Exchange of Notes.
     The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment, supplement or waiver on any Note thereafter authenticated. The Issuers, in exchange for all Notes, may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate new Notes that reflect the amendment, supplement or waiver.
     Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Note shall not affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver.

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Section 9.06 Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.
     The Trustee shall sign any amended or supplemental indenture authorized pursuant to this Article 9 if the amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. If any such amendment or supplement does adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee, the Trustee may, but need not, sign such amended or supplemented Indenture. In executing any amended or supplemental indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.
Section 9.07 Acts of Holders.
     (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 7.01) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.
     Without limiting the generality of this Section, unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture, (i) a Holder, including a Depository or its nominee that is a Holder of a Global Note, may give, make or take, by an agent or agents duly appointed in writing, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided in or pursuant to this Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders, and a Depository or its nominee that is a Holder of a Global Note may duly appoint in writing as its agent or agents members of, or participants in, such Depository holding interests in such Global Note in the records of such Depository; and (ii) with respect to any Global Note the Depository for which is The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), any consent or other action given, made or taken by an “agent member” of DTC by electronic means in accordance with the Automated Tender Offer Procedures system or other customary procedures of, and pursuant to authorization by, DTC shall be deemed to constitute the “Act” of the Holder of such Global Note, and such Act shall be deemed to have been delivered to the Company and the Trustee upon the delivery by DTC of an “agent’s message” or other notice of such consent or other action having been so given, made or taken in accordance with the customary procedures of DTC.
     (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the

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execution thereof. Where such execution is by a Person acting in a capacity other than such Person’s individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of the authority of the Person executing the same. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.
     (c) The ownership of Notes shall be proved by the Register.
     (d) Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to give, make or take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Note may do so, or duly appoint in writing any Person or Persons as its agent or agents to do so, with regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Note.
ARTICLE 10
GUARANTEES OF NOTES
Section 10.01 Subsidiary Guarantees.
     Subject to this Article 10, each of the Guarantors hereby, jointly and severally, unconditionally guarantees, on a senior unsecured basis, to each Holder of a Note authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and to the Trustee and its successors and assigns, irrespective of the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the Notes held thereby and the Obligations of the Issuers hereunder and thereunder, that: (a) the principal of, and interest, premium and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes will be promptly paid in full when due, subject to any applicable grace period, whether at Stated Maturity, by acceleration, upon repurchase or redemption or otherwise, and interest on the overdue principal of, premium, and (to the extent permitted by law) interest and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes, and all other payment Obligations of the Issuers to the Holders or the Trustee hereunder or thereunder will be promptly paid in full and performed, all in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof; and (b) in case of any extension of time of payment or renewal of any Notes or any of such other Obligations, the same will be promptly paid in full when due or performed in accordance with the terms of the extension or renewal, subject to any applicable grace period, whether at Stated Maturity, by acceleration, upon repurchase or redemption or otherwise. Failing payment when so due of any amount so guaranteed for whatever reason, the Guarantors will be jointly and severally obligated to pay the same immediately. An Event of Default under this Indenture or the Notes shall constitute an event of default under the Subsidiary Guarantees, and shall entitle the Holders to accelerate the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder in the same manner and to the same extent as the Obligations of the Issuers.
     The Guarantors hereby agree that their obligations hereunder shall be unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Notes or this Indenture, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by any Holder with respect to any provisions hereof or thereof, the recovery of any judgment against an Issuer, any action to enforce the same or any other circumstance (other than complete performance) which might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a Guarantor. Each Guarantor further, to the extent permitted by law, hereby waives diligence, presentment, demand of payment, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of an Issuer, any

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right to require a proceeding first against an Issuer, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants that its Subsidiary Guarantee will not be discharged except by complete performance of the Obligations contained in the Notes and this Indenture.
     If any Holder or the Trustee is required by any court or otherwise to return to an Issuer, the Guarantors, or any Custodian, Trustee or other similar official acting in relation to any of the Issuers or the Guarantors, any amount paid by an Issuer or any Guarantor to the Trustee or such Holder, the Subsidiary Guarantees, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect. Each Guarantor agrees that it shall not be entitled to, and hereby waives, any right of subrogation in relation to the Holders in respect of any Obligations guaranteed hereby.
     Each Guarantor further agrees that, as between the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Holders and the Trustee, on the other hand, (a) the maturity of the Obligations guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Article 6 hereof for the purposes of its Subsidiary Guarantee, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration in respect of the Obligations guaranteed thereby, and (b) in the event of any declaration of acceleration of such Obligations as provided in Article 6 hereof, such Obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall forthwith become due and payable by the Guarantor for the purpose of its Subsidiary Guarantee. The Guarantors shall have the right to seek contribution from any non-paying Guarantor so long as the exercise of such right does not impair the rights of the Holders under the Subsidiary Guarantees.
Section 10.02 Guarantors May Consolidate, etc., on Certain Terms.
     (a) No Guarantor shall sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets to, or consolidate with or merge with or into (whether or not such Guarantor is the surviving Person), another Person (other than the Company or another Guarantor), unless, (i) either (1) the Person acquiring the properties or assets in any such sale or other disposition or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than such Guarantor) unconditionally assumes, pursuant to a supplemental indenture substantially in the form of Annex A hereto, all the obligations of such Guarantor under the Notes, this Indenture and its Subsidiary Guarantee on terms set forth therein, or (2) such transaction complies with the provisions of Section 4.10, and (ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default exists.
     (b) In the case of any such consolidation or merger and upon the assumption by the successor Person, by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and substantially in the form of Annex A hereto, of the Subsidiary Guarantee and the due and punctual performance of all of the covenants of this Indenture to be performed by the Guarantor, such successor Person shall succeed to and be substituted for the Guarantor with the same effect as if it had been named herein as a Guarantor.
Section 10.03 Releases of Subsidiary Guarantees.
     The Subsidiary Guarantee of a Guarantor shall be released: (1) in connection with any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of such Guarantor (including by way of merger or consolidation) to a Person that is not (either before or after

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giving effect to such transaction) the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, if the sale or other disposition complies with Section 4.10; (2) in connection with any sale or other disposition of all of the Capital Stock of such Guarantor to a Person that is not (either before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, if the sale or other disposition complies with Section 4.10; (3) if such Guarantor is a Restricted Subsidiary and the Company designates such Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary in accordance with Section 4.18 of this Indenture; (4) upon Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance or Discharge in accordance with Article 8; (5) upon the liquidation or dissolution of such Guarantor provided no Default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing; (6) at such time as such Guarantor ceases both (x) to guarantee any other Indebtedness of either of the Issuers and any Indebtedness of any other Guarantor (except as a result of payment under any such other guarantee) and (y) to be an obligor with respect to any Indebtedness under any Credit Facility; or (7) upon such Guarantor consolidating with, merging into or transferring all of its properties or assets to the Company or another Guarantor, and as a result of, or in connection with, such transaction such Guarantor dissolving or otherwise ceasing to exist.
     Upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that any of the conditions described in the foregoing clauses (1) – (7) has occurred, the Trustee shall execute any documents reasonably requested by the Company in order to evidence the release of any Guarantor from its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee. Any Guarantor not released from its obligations under its Subsidiary Guarantee shall remain liable for the full amount of principal of and interest, premium, and Additional Interest, if any, on, the Notes and for the other obligations of such Guarantor under this Indenture as provided in this Article 10.
Section 10.04 Limitation on Guarantor Liability.
     The obligations of each Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee will be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Guarantor and after giving effect to any collections from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee or pursuant to its contribution obligations under this Indenture, result in the obligations of such Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under federal or state law and not otherwise being void or voidable under any similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.
Section 10.05 “Trustee” to Include Paying Agent.
     In case at any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed and be then acting hereunder, the term “Trustee” as used in this Article 10 shall in each case (unless the context shall otherwise require) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully and for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article 10 in place of the Trustee.

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ARTICLE 11
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01 Trust Indenture Act Controls.
     If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by TIA § 318(c), such TIA-imposed duties shall control. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the TIA which is required to be a part of and govern this Indenture, such required provision of the TIA shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the TIA that may be so modified or excluded, the provision of the TIA shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or shall be excluded, as the case may be.
Section 11.02 Notices.
     Any notice or communication by an Issuer, any Guarantor or the Trustee to the other parties hereto is duly given if in writing (in the English language) and delivered in person or mailed by first class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), telecopier or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to their respective addresses:
If to any of the Issuers or the Guarantors:
Linn Energy, LLC
600 Travis, Suite 5100
Houston, Texas 77002
Attention: Chief Financial Officer
Telecopier No.: (281) 840-4186
with a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
Baker & Hostetler LLP
1000 Louisiana Street, Suite 2000
Houston, Texas 77002
Attention: W. Robert Shearer
Telecopier No.: (713) 751-1717
If to the Trustee:
U.S. Bank National Association
Corporate Trust Services
5555 San Felipe Street, Suite 1150
Houston, Texas 77056
Attention: Steven A. Finklea
Telecopier No.: (713) 235-9213
     An Issuer, any of the Guarantors or the Trustee, by notice to the other parties hereto, may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

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     All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders) shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when receipt is acknowledged, if telecopied; and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, in each case to the address shown above.
     Any notice or communication to a Holder shall be mailed by first class mail, certified or registered, return receipt requested, or by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery to its address shown on the register kept by the Registrar. Any notice or communication shall also be so mailed to any Person described in TIA § 313(c), to the extent required by the TIA. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.
     If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.
     If either of the Issuers mails a notice or communication to Holders, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.
     Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.
     Where this Indenture provides for notice of any event to a Holder of a Global Note, such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to the Depository for such Note (or its designee), pursuant to its Applicable Procedures, not later than the latest date (if any), and not earlier than the earliest date (if any), prescribed for the giving of such notice.
Section 11.03 Communication by Holders of Notes with Other Holders of Notes.
     Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Notes. The Issuers, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c).
Section 11.04 Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.
     Upon any request or application by an Issuer to the Trustee to take any action or refrain from taking any action under this Indenture, such Issuer shall furnish to the Trustee:
     (a) an Officers’ Certificate in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05 hereof) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent and covenants, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been satisfied; and
     (b) an Opinion of Counsel in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 11.05 hereof) stating

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that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent and covenants have been satisfied.
Section 11.05 Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.
     Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to TIA § 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA § 314(e) and shall include:
     (a) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such condition or covenant;
     (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;
     (c) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such condition or covenant has been satisfied; and
     (d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been satisfied.
     In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.
     Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or opinion of, or representation by, counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.
     Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

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Section 11.06 Rules by Trustee and Agents.
     The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at a meeting of Holders. The Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.
Section 11.07 No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees and Unitholders.
     No past, present or future director, officer, partner, employee, incorporator, manager or unitholder or other owner of Capital Stock of the Issuers or any Guarantor, as such, shall have any liability for any obligations of the Issuers or any Guarantor under the Notes, the Subsidiary Guarantees or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder of Notes by accepting a Note waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Notes.
Section 11.08 Governing Law.
     THIS INDENTURE AND THE NOTES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
Section 11.09 No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.
     This Indenture may not be used to interpret any other indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or its Subsidiaries or of any other Person. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.
Section 11.10 Successors.
     All agreements of the Issuers and the Guarantors in this Indenture and the Notes shall bind their respective successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors.
Section 11.11 Severability.
     In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
Section 11.12 Table of Contents, Headings, etc.
     The Table of Contents, Cross-Reference Table and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part of this Indenture and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

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Section 11.13 Counterparts.
     This Indenture may be signed in counterparts and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
Section 11.14 Benefits of Indenture.
     Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, and the Holders of Notes, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.
Section 11.15 Language of Notices, Etc.
     Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country of publication.
[Signatures on following page]

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Signatures
         
  Linn Energy, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Linn Energy Finance Corp.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Guarantors

Linn Operating, Inc.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Linn Energy Holdings, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Penn West Pipeline, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
Signature Page to Indenture

 


 

         
  Mid-Continent Holdings I, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Mid-Continent Holdings II, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Mid-Continent I, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Linn Gas Marketing, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Mid-Continent II, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
  Linn Exploration Midcontinent, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis   
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer   
 
Signature Page to Indenture

 


 

         
  U.S. Bank National Association, As Trustee
 
 
  By:   /s/ Steven Finklea  
    Name:   Steven Finklea  
    Title:   Vice President  
 
Signature Page to Indenture

 

EX-4.2 3 h66847exv4w2.htm EX-4.2 exv4w2
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
     This Registration Rights Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of May 18, 2009, by and among Linn Energy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), Linn Energy Finance Corp., a Delaware corporation (“LinnCo” and, together with the Company, the “Issuers”), the guarantors listed on Schedule A hereto (collectively, the “Guarantors”) and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Barclays Capital Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Calyon Securities (USA) Inc., RBC Capital Markets Corporation and RBS Securities Inc., as representatives of the several Initial Purchasers named in the Purchase Agreement (as defined below) (collectively, the “Initial Purchasers”), who have agreed to purchase the Issuers’ 11.75% Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Initial Notes”) fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantors (the “Guarantees”) pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. The Initial Notes and the Guarantees are herein collectively referred to as the “Initial Securities.”
     This Agreement is made pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, dated May 12, 2009 (the “Purchase Agreement”), among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Initial Purchasers (i) for the benefit of the Initial Purchasers and (ii) for the benefit of the Holders from time to time of the Initial Securities, including the Initial Purchasers. In order to induce the Initial Purchasers to purchase the Initial Securities, the Issuers have agreed to provide the registration rights set forth in this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement is a condition to the obligations of the Initial Purchasers set forth in Section 7(m) of the Purchase Agreement.
     The parties hereby agree as follows:
     Section 1. Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings:
     Additional Interest: As defined in Section 5(a) hereof.
     Advice: As defined in the last paragraph of Section 6(c) hereof.
     Affiliates: As defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
     Agreement: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     Blackout Period: As defined in the last paragraph of Section 4(a) hereof.
     Broker-Dealer: Any broker or dealer registered under the Exchange Act.
     Business Day: As defined in the Indenture.
     Closing Date: The date of this Agreement.
     Commission: The Securities and Exchange Commission.

 


 

     Company: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     Consummate: A registered Exchange Offer shall be deemed “Consummated” for purposes of this Agreement upon the occurrence of (i) the filing and effectiveness under the Securities Act of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement relating to the Exchange Securities to be issued in the Exchange Offer, (ii) the maintenance of such Registration Statement continuously effective and the keeping of the Exchange Offer open for a period not less than the minimum period required pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof, and (iii) the delivery by the Issuers to the Registrar under the Indenture of Exchange Securities in the same aggregate principal amount as the aggregate principal amount of Initial Securities that were tendered by Holders thereof pursuant to the Exchange Offer.
     Exchange Act: The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     Exchange Offer: The Issuers’ offer to the Holders of all outstanding Transfer Restricted Securities of the opportunity to exchange all such outstanding Transfer Restricted Securities held by such Holders for Exchange Securities in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Transfer Restricted Securities tendered in such exchange offer by such Holders.
     Exchange Offer Registration Statement: The Registration Statement relating to the Exchange Offer, including the related Prospectus.
     Exempt Resales: The transactions in which the Initial Purchasers propose to sell the Initial Securities to certain “qualified institutional buyers,” as such term is defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act and to certain non-U.S. persons pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act.
     Exchange Securities: The 11.75% Senior Notes due 2017, of the same series under the Indenture as the Initial Notes, and the Guarantees related thereto, issued to Holders in exchange for Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to this Agreement.
     FINRA: The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
     Guarantees: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     Holder: As defined in Section 2(b) hereof.
     Indemnified Holder: As defined in Section 8(a) hereof.
     Indenture: The Indenture, dated as of May 18, 2009 by and among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee, pursuant to which the Securities are to be issued, as such Indenture is amended or supplemented from time-to-time in accordance with the terms thereof.
     Initial Purchasers: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     Initial Notes: As defined in the preamble hereto.

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     Initial Placement: The issuance and sale by the Issuers of the Initial Securities to the Initial Purchasers pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
     Initial Securities: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     Issuers: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     LinnCo: As defined in the preamble hereto.
     Person: An individual, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, trust or unincorporated organization, or a government or agency or political subdivision thereof.
     Prospectus: The prospectus included in a Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement and by all other amendments thereto, including post-effective amendments, and all material incorporated by reference into such Prospectus.
     Registration Default: Any of the following events:
     (a) the Initial Securities are not freely tradeable (by Persons other than Affiliates of the Company) pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act as of the 366th day after the Closing Date;
     (b) the restrictive legend on the Initial Securities (other than with respect to Persons that are Affiliates of the Company) has not been removed as of the 366th day after the Closing Date; or
     (c) after the Shelf Registration Statement is declared (or becomes automatically) effective (i) such Shelf Registration Statement thereafter ceases to be effective or (ii) such Shelf Registration Statement or the related Prospectus ceases to be usable in connection with resales of Transfer Restricted Securities during the periods specified herein because (but excluding any Blackout Period) either (A) any event occurs as a result of which the related Prospectus forming part of such Shelf Registration Statement would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, (B) it shall be necessary to amend such Shelf Registration Statement or supplement the related Prospectus, to comply with the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or the respective rules thereunder or (C) such Shelf Registration Statement has expired before a replacement Shelf Registration Statement has become effective.
     Registration Statement: Any registration statement of the Company relating to (a) an offering of Exchange Securities pursuant to an Exchange Offer or (b) the registration for resale of Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement, which is filed pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, in each case, including the Prospectus.
     Securities: The Initial Securities and the Exchange Securities.
     Securities Act: The Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

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     Shelf Registration Statement: As defined in Section 4(a)(x) hereof.
     Trustee: U. S. Bank National Association.
     Trust Indenture Act: The Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
     Transfer Restricted Securities: Each Initial Security, until the earliest to occur of (a) the date on which such Initial Security is exchanged in the Exchange Offer for an Exchange Security entitled to be resold to the public by the Holder thereof without complying with the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act, (b) the date on which such Initial Security has been effectively registered under the Securities Act and disposed of in accordance with a Shelf Registration Statement, (c) the date on which the restrictive legend on such Initial Security has been removed (other than with respect to Persons that are Affiliates of the Company) and the Initial Security is freely tradeable (by Persons other than Affiliates of the Company) pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, (d) the date on which such Initial Security is distributed to the public by a Broker-Dealer pursuant to the “Plan of Distribution” contemplated by the Exchange Offer Registration Statement (including delivery of the Prospectus contained therein) and (e) the date on which such Initial Security ceases to be outstanding for purposes of the Indenture.
     Underwritten Registration or Underwritten Offering: A registration in which securities of the Company are sold to an underwriter for reoffering to the public.
     Section 2. Securities Subject to this Agreement.
     (a) Transfer Restricted Securities. The Transfer Restricted Securities are entitled to the benefits of this Agreement.
     (b) Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities. A Person is deemed to be a holder of Transfer Restricted Securities (each, a “Holder”) whenever such Person owns Transfer Restricted Securities.
     Section 3. Registered Exchange Offer.
     (a) If the restrictive legend on the Initial Securities has not been removed (other than with respect to Persons that are Affiliates of the Company) and the Initial Securities are not freely tradeable pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (by Persons other than Affiliates of the Issuers) as of the 366th day after the Closing Date, each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall, at their cost, (i) cause to be filed with the Commission, a Registration Statement under the Securities Act relating to the Exchange Securities (other than Transfer Restricted Securities acquired by any Broker-Dealer directly from the Issuers) and the Exchange Offer (the “Exchange Offer Registration Statement”), (ii) use their reasonable best efforts (which shall include the filing of all necessary amendments to such Registration Statement) to cause the Exchange Offer Registration Statement to be declared effective by the Commission and (iii) upon the effectiveness of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement, promptly commence the Exchange Offer. The Exchange Offer shall be on the appropriate form permitting registration of the Exchange Securities to be offered in exchange for the Transfer Restricted Securities (other than Transfer Restricted Securities acquired by any Broker-Dealer directly from the Issuers) and to permit resales of Initial Securities held by Broker-Dealers as contemplated by Section 3(c)

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hereof; provided, however, that if prior to the time that the Exchange Offer is Consummated the Initial Securities become freely tradeable pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (by Persons other than Affiliates of the Issuers), then the obligations of the Issuers and the Guarantors under this Section 3(a) shall cease and be of no further force and effect.
     (b) If the Issuers and the Guarantors are required to commence the Exchange Offer pursuant to Section 3(a) above, the Issuers and the Guarantors shall cause the Exchange Offer Registration Statement to be effective continuously and shall keep the Exchange Offer open for a period of not less than 20 Business Days (or longer if required under applicable law) after the date that notice of the Exchange Offer is mailed to Holders. The Issuers shall cause the Exchange Offer to comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws. No securities other than the Exchange Securities shall be included in the Exchange Offer Registration Statement.
     (c) If the Issuers and the Guarantors are required to commence the Exchange Offer pursuant to Section 3(a) above, the Issuers shall indicate in a “Plan of Distribution” section contained in the Prospectus forming a part of the Exchange Offer Registration Statement that any Broker-Dealer who holds Initial Securities that are Transfer Restricted Securities that were acquired for its own account as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities (other than Transfer Restricted Securities acquired directly from the Issuers) may exchange such Initial Securities pursuant to the Exchange Offer; however, such Broker-Dealer may be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act and must, therefore, deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any resales of the Exchange Securities received by such Broker-Dealer in the Exchange Offer, which prospectus delivery requirement may be satisfied by the delivery by such Broker-Dealer of the Prospectus contained in the Exchange Offer Registration Statement. Such “Plan of Distribution” section shall also contain all other information with respect to such resales by Broker-Dealers that the Commission may require in order to permit such resales pursuant thereto, but such “Plan of Distribution” shall not name any such Broker-Dealer or disclose the amount of Initial Securities held by any such Broker-Dealer except to the extent required by the Commission.
     (d) If the Issuers and the Guarantors are required to commence the Exchange Offer pursuant to Section 3(a) above and if requested by any such Broker-Dealer, each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall use its reasonable best efforts to keep the Exchange Offer Registration Statement continuously effective, supplemented and amended as required by the provisions of Section 6(c) hereof to the extent necessary to ensure that it is available for resales of Initial Securities acquired by Broker-Dealers for their own accounts as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities, and to ensure that it conforms with the requirements of this Agreement, the Securities Act and the policies, rules and regulations of the Commission as announced from time to time, for a period ending on the earlier of (i) 210 days after the Consummation of the Exchange Offer and (ii) the date on which a Broker-Dealer is no longer required to deliver a prospectus in connection with market-making or other trading activities.
     (e) If the Issuers and the Guarantors are required to commence the Exchange Offer pursuant to Section 3(a) above, the Issuers shall provide sufficient copies of the latest version of such Prospectus to Broker-Dealers promptly upon request at any time during such 210-day (or shorter as provided in the foregoing sentence) period in order to facilitate such resales.

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     Section 4. Shelf Registration.
     (a) Shelf Registration.
     If (i) because of any change in law or in applicable interpretations thereof by the staff of the Commission, the Company is not permitted to effect an Exchange Offer that is required by Section 3 hereof, (ii) for any reason the Exchange Offer is required by Section 3 hereof to be but is not Consummated within one year and 90 days of the Closing Date and the Transfer Restricted Securities are not freely tradeable pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (unless an Exchange Offer Registration Statement has been filed within one year and 45 days of the Closing Date and has not yet been declared effective by the Commission other than as a result of the fault of any Issuer or Guarantor), (iii) any Initial Purchaser so requests with respect to the Initial Securities not eligible to be exchanged for Exchange Securities in any Exchange Offer required by Section 3 hereof and held by it following Consummation of such Exchange Offer or (iv) any Holder (other than a Broker-Dealer who holds Transfer Restricted Securities that were acquired for its own account as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities) is not eligible to participate in any Exchange Offer required by Section 3 hereof or, in the case of any Holder (other than a Broker-Dealer who holds Transfer Restricted Securities that were acquired for its own account as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities) that participates in any such Exchange Offer, such Holder does not receive freely tradeable Exchange Securities on the date of the exchange, then the Issuers and the Guarantors shall, at their cost:
     (x) as promptly as practicable, cause to be filed a shelf registration statement pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, which may be an amendment to the Exchange Offer Registration Statement (in either event, the “Shelf Registration Statement”), which Shelf Registration Statement shall provide for resales of all Transfer Restricted Securities the Holders of which shall have provided the information required pursuant to Section 4(b) hereof; and
     (y) use their reasonable best efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to be declared effective by the Commission on or before the 90th day after the date on which the filing obligation arises.
     Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall use its reasonable best efforts to keep such Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective, supplemented and amended as required by the provisions of Sections 6(b) and (c) hereof to the extent necessary to ensure that it is available for resales of Initial Securities by the Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities entitled to the benefit of this Section 4(a) and to ensure that it conforms with the requirements of this Agreement, the Securities Act and the policies, rules and regulations of the Commission as announced from time to time, for a period of at least one year following the effective date of the Shelf Registration Statement or such shorter period that will terminate when all the Initial Securities covered by such Shelf Registration Statement (A) have been sold pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement or (B) may be sold without a restrictive legend or volume limitations pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any successor rule thereof. Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall be deemed not to have used its reasonable best efforts to keep the Shelf Registration Statement effective during the requisite period if any of the Issuers or the Guarantors voluntarily takes any action that would result in Holders of Transfer Restricted

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Securities covered thereby not being able to offer and sell such Transfer Restricted Securities during that period, unless (X) such action is required by applicable law; or (Y) such action is taken by any of the Issuers or Guarantors in good faith and for valid business reasons (not including avoidance of the Issuers or the Guarantors obligations hereunder) including, but not limited to, the acquisition or divestiture of assets, so long as the Issuers and the Guarantors promptly thereafter comply with the requirements of the last paragraph of Section 6(c) hereof (the period during which the Shelf Registration Statement is not available under clauses (X) or (Y) above, the “Blackout Period”). The Blackout Period shall not exceed 45 days in any three-month period or 90 days in any twelve-month period, except as a result of a review of any post-effective amendment to the Shelf Registration Statement by the Commission before declaring any post-effective amendment to the Shelf Registration Statement effective, provided that the Issuers have used their reasonable best efforts to cause such post-effective amendment to be declared effective.
     (b) Provision by Holders of Certain Information in Connection with the Shelf Registration Statement. No Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities may include any of its Transfer Restricted Securities in any Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to this Agreement unless and until such Holder furnishes to the Company in writing, within 20 Business Days after receipt of a request therefor, such information as the Company may reasonably request for use in connection with any Shelf Registration Statement or Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus included therein. Each Holder as to which any Shelf Registration Statement is being effected agrees to furnish promptly to the Company all information required to be disclosed in order to make the information previously furnished to the Company by such Holder not materially misleading.
     Section 5. Additional Interest.
     (a) If any Registration Default shall occur, the Issuers hereby agree that the interest rate borne by the Transfer Restricted Securities shall be increased by 0.25% per annum during the 90-day period immediately following the occurrence of any Registration Default and shall increase by 0.25% per annum at the end of each subsequent 90-day period, but in no event shall such increase exceed 1.00% per annum. Such additional interest to be paid pursuant to a Registration Default as set forth in this Section 5 is herein referred to as “Additional Interest.”
     (b) Registration Defaults shall be cured on the date that (i) the Initial Securities are freely tradeable (by Persons other than Affiliates of the Company) pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act and the restrictive legend on the Initial Securities has been removed (other than with respect to Persons that are Affiliates of the Company), (ii) the Exchange Offer has been Consummated (provided that this clause (ii) shall not cure a Registration Default if a Shelf Registration Statement is required to be filed pursuant to clause (i), (iii) or (iv) of the first paragraph of Section 4(a)) or (iii) a Shelf Registration Statement is declared (or automatically becomes) effective under the Securities Act, unless subsequent to the date it was last declared effective it fails to remain effective or usable for the time period contemplated by Section 4(a) after taking into account all other periods during which such Shelf Registration Statement was effective. Following the cure of all Registration Defaults relating to any particular Transfer Restricted Securities in accordance with this Section 5(b), the interest rate borne by the relevant Transfer Restricted Securities will be reduced to the original interest rate borne by such Transfer

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Restricted Securities; provided, however, that, if after any such reduction in interest rate, a different Registration Default occurs, the interest rate borne by the relevant Transfer Restricted Securities shall again be increased pursuant to the foregoing provisions. The Issuers shall not be required to pay Additional Interest for more than one Registration Default at any given time.
     (c) All Additional Interest accrued pursuant to this Section 5 shall be paid in the manner provided for in the Indenture. All obligations of the Issuers and the Guarantors set forth in Section 5(a) that are outstanding with respect to any Transfer Restricted Security at the time such security ceases to be a Transfer Restricted Security shall survive until such time as all such obligations with respect to such security shall have been satisfied in full.
     Section 6. Registration Procedures.
     (a) Exchange Offer Registration Statement. In connection with the Exchange Offer, the Issuers and the Guarantors shall comply with all of the provisions of Section 6(c) hereof, shall use their reasonable best efforts to effect such exchange to permit the sale of Transfer Restricted Securities being sold in accordance with the intended method or methods of distribution thereof. As a condition to its participation in the Exchange Offer pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, each Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities shall furnish, upon the request of the Issuers, prior to the Consummation thereof, a written representation to the Issuers (which may be contained in the letter of transmittal contemplated by the Exchange Offer Registration Statement) to the effect that (A) it is not an affiliate (within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act) of any of the Issuers or the Guarantors, (B) it is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, and has no arrangement or understanding with any Person to participate in, a distribution of the Exchange Securities to be issued in the Exchange Offer and (C) it is acquiring the Exchange Securities in its ordinary course of business. In addition, all such Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities shall otherwise cooperate in the Issuers’ preparations for the Exchange Offer. Each Holder hereby acknowledges and agrees that any Broker-Dealer and any such Holder using the Exchange Offer to participate in a distribution of the securities to be acquired in the Exchange Offer (1) could not under Commission policy as in effect on the date of this Agreement rely on the position of the Commission enunciated in Morgan Stanley and Co., Inc. (available June 5, 1991) and Exxon Capital Holdings Corporation (available May 13, 1988), as interpreted in the Commission’s letter to Shearman & Sterling dated July 2, 1993, and similar no-action letters, and (2) must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with a secondary resale transaction and that such a secondary resale transaction should be covered by an effective registration statement containing the selling security holder information required by Item 507 or 508, as applicable, of Regulation S-K if the resales are of Exchange Securities obtained by such Holder in exchange for Initial Securities acquired by such Holder directly from the Issuers.
     (b) Shelf Registration Statement. In connection with the Shelf Registration Statement, each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall comply with all the provisions of Section 6(c) hereof and shall use its reasonable best efforts to effect such registration to permit the sale of the Transfer Restricted Securities being sold in accordance with the intended method or methods of distribution thereof, and pursuant thereto each of the Issuers and the Guarantors will as expeditiously as possible prepare and file with the Commission a Registration Statement relating to the registration on any appropriate form under the Securities Act, which form shall be

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available for the sale of the Transfer Restricted Securities in accordance with the intended method or methods of distribution thereof.
     (c) General Provisions. In connection with any Registration Statement and any Prospectus required by this Agreement to permit the sale or resale of Transfer Restricted Securities (including, without limitation, any Registration Statement and the related Prospectus required to permit resales of Initial Securities by Broker-Dealers), each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall:
     (i) use its reasonable best efforts to keep such Registration Statement continuously effective and provide all requisite financial statements (including, if required by the Securities Act or any regulation thereunder, financial statements of the Guarantors) for the period specified in Section 3 or 4 hereof, as applicable; upon the occurrence of any event that would cause any such Registration Statement or the Prospectus contained therein (A) to contain a material misstatement or omission or (B) not to be effective and usable for resale of Transfer Restricted Securities during the period required by this Agreement, the Issuers and the Guarantors shall file promptly an appropriate amendment to such Registration Statement, in the case of clause (A), correcting any such misstatement or omission, and, in the case of either clause (A) or (B), use its reasonable best efforts to cause such amendment to be declared effective and such Registration Statement and the related Prospectus to become usable for their intended purpose(s) as soon as practicable thereafter;
     (ii) prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and post-effective amendments to the applicable Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement effective for the applicable period set forth in Section 3 or 4 hereof, as applicable, or such shorter period as set forth in this Agreement; cause the Prospectus to be supplemented by any required Prospectus supplement, and as so supplemented to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, and to comply fully with the applicable provisions of Rules 424 and 430A under the Securities Act in a timely manner; and comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such Registration Statement during the applicable period in accordance with the intended method or methods of distribution by the sellers thereof set forth in such Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus;
     (iii) advise the underwriter(s), if any, and selling Holders promptly and, if requested by such Persons, to confirm such advice in writing, (A) when the Prospectus or any Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment has been filed, and, with respect to any Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, when the same has become effective, (B) of any request by the Commission for amendments to the Registration Statement or amendments or supplements to the Prospectus or for additional information relating thereto, (C) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement under the Securities Act or of the suspension by any state securities commission of the qualification of the Transfer Restricted Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation of any proceeding for any of the preceding purposes, (D) of the existence of any fact or the happening of any event that makes any statement of a material fact made in the

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Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any amendment or supplement thereto, or any document incorporated by reference therein untrue, or that requires the making of any additions to or changes in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein (with respect to the Prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading. If at any time the Commission shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or any state securities commission or other regulatory authority shall issue an order suspending the qualification or exemption from qualification of the Transfer Restricted Securities under state securities or blue sky laws, each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal or lifting of such order at the earliest possible time;
     (iv) furnish without charge to the Initial Purchasers, each selling Holder named in any Registration Statement, and each of the underwriter(s), if any, before filing with the Commission, copies of any Registration Statement or any Prospectus included therein or any amendments or supplements to any such Registration Statement or Prospectus (including all documents incorporated by reference after the initial filing of such Registration Statement), which documents will be subject to the review and comment of such Holders and underwriter(s) in connection with such sale, if any, for a period of at least two Business Days; make the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ representatives available for discussion of such document and other customary due diligence matters, and include such information in such document prior to the filing thereof as such selling Holders or underwriter(s), if any, reasonably request; and not file any such Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to any such Registration Statement or Prospectus (including all such documents incorporated by reference) to which an Initial Purchaser of Transfer Restricted Securities covered by such Registration Statement or the underwriter(s), if any, shall reasonably object in writing within two Business Days after the receipt thereof (such objection to be deemed timely made upon confirmation of telecopy transmission within such period); provided, that this clause (iv) shall not apply to any filing by the Company of any annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly report on Form 10-Q or Current Report on Form 8-K with respect to matters unrelated to the Transfer Restricted Securities and the offering or exchange therefor.
     (v) in the case of a Shelf Registration Statement, make available during normal business hours for inspection by the Initial Purchasers, the managing underwriter(s), if any, participating in any disposition pursuant to such Shelf Registration Statement and any attorney or accountant retained by the Initial Purchasers or any of the underwriter(s), all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of each of the Issuers and the Guarantors and cause the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ officers, directors and employees to supply all information reasonably requested by any such Initial Purchaser, underwriter, attorney or accountant in connection with such Shelf Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto subsequent to the filing thereof and prior to its effectiveness and to participate in meetings with investors to the extent requested by the managing underwriter(s), if any;
     (vi) in the case of a Shelf Registration Statement, if requested by any Holder, promptly incorporate in such Prospectus, pursuant to a supplement, such information as

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such selling Holders and underwriter(s), if any, may reasonably request to have included therein, including, without limitation, information relating to the “Plan of Distribution” of the Transfer Restricted Securities, information with respect to the principal amount of Transfer Restricted Securities being sold to such underwriter(s), the purchase price being paid therefor and any other terms of the offering of the Transfer Restricted Securities to be sold in such offering; and make all required filings of such Prospectus supplement as soon as practicable after the Company is notified of the matters to be incorporated in such Prospectus supplement;
     (vii) in the case of a Shelf Registration Statement, furnish to each Initial Purchaser, each selling Holder and each of the underwriter(s), if any, without charge, at least one copy of such Shelf Registration Statement, as first filed with the Commission, and of each amendment thereto, including, if they so request, financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated by reference therein and all exhibits (including exhibits incorporated therein by reference);
     (viii) deliver to each selling Holder and each of the underwriter(s), if any, without charge, as many copies of the Prospectus (including each preliminary prospectus) and any amendment or supplement thereto as such Persons reasonably may request; each of the Issuers and the Guarantors hereby consents to the use of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto by each of the selling Holders and each of the underwriter(s), if any, in connection with the offering and the sale of the Transfer Restricted Securities covered by the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto;
     (ix) enter into such agreements (including an underwriting agreement), and make such representations and warranties, and take all such other actions in connection therewith in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of the Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to any Shelf Registration Statement contemplated by this Agreement, all to such extent as may be requested by any Initial Purchaser or by any Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities or underwriter in connection with any sale or resale pursuant to any Shelf Registration Statement contemplated by this Agreement; and whether or not an underwriting agreement is entered into and whether or not the registration is an Underwritten Registration, each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall:
     (A) furnish to each Initial Purchaser, each selling Holder and each underwriter, if any, in such substance and scope as they may request and as are customarily made by issuers to underwriters in primary underwritten offerings, upon the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement:
     (1) a certificate, dated the date of effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement signed by (y) any two authorized officers of the Issuers and (z) a principal financial or accounting officer of each of the Issuers and the Guarantors, confirming, as of the date thereof, the matters set forth in Section 7(h) of the Purchase Agreement and such other matters as such parties may reasonably request;

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     (2) an opinion or opinions, dated the date of effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement of counsel for the Issuers and the Guarantors, covering the relevant matters set forth in Section 7(c) of the Purchase Agreement and such other matters as such parties may reasonably request, and in any event including a statement to the effect that such counsel has participated in conferences with officers and other representatives of the Issuers and the Guarantors, representatives of the independent public accountants for the Issuers and the Guarantors, representatives of the underwriter(s), if any, and counsel to the underwriter(s), if any, in connection with the preparation of such Registration Statement and the related Prospectus at which the content of the Registration Statement and Prospectus were discussed and, although such counsel has not independently verified the accuracy, completeness or fairness of such statements contained in the Registration Statement and Prospectus; and that such counsel advises that, on the basis of the foregoing, no facts came to such counsel’s attention that caused such counsel to believe that the Shelf Registration Statement, at the time such Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto became effective contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or that the Prospectus contained in such Registration Statement as of its date contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Without limiting the foregoing, such counsel may state further that such counsel assumes no responsibility for, and has not independently verified, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the oil and gas reserve and production information or the financial statements, notes and schedules and other financial or statistical data included in any Shelf Registration Statement contemplated by this Agreement or the related Prospectus;
     (3) a customary comfort letter, dated the date of effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement, from the Company’s independent accountants and the other accountants whose reports are included or incorporated by reference in the Shelf Registration Statement, in the customary form and covering matters of the type customarily requested to be covered in accountants’ comfort letters by underwriters in connection with primary underwritten offerings, and covering or affirming the matters set forth in the comfort letters delivered pursuant to Section 7(e) of the Purchase Agreement, provided that to be an addressee of the comfort letter, if requested by the applicable accountant, each Initial Purchaser and Holder may be required to confirm that it is in the category of persons to whom a comfort letter may be delivered in accordance with applicable accounting literature; and

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     (4) a customary comfort letter, dated the date of effectiveness of the Shelf Registration Statement, from the Company’s independent reserve engineers and the other reserve engineers whose reports or data are included or incorporated by reference in the Shelf Registration Statement, in the customary form and covering matters of the type customarily requested to be covered in reserve engineers’ comfort letters by underwriters in connection with primary underwritten Offerings, and covering or affirming the matters set forth in the comfort letters delivered pursuant to Section 7(g) of the Purchase Agreement;
     (B) set forth in full or incorporate by reference in the underwriting agreement, if any, the indemnification provisions and procedures of Section 8 hereof with respect to all parties to be indemnified pursuant to said underwriting agreement; and
     (C) deliver such other documents and certificates as may be reasonably requested by such parties to evidence compliance with Section 6(c)(ix)(A) hereof and with any customary conditions contained in the underwriting agreement or other agreement entered into by the Issuers or any of the Guarantors pursuant to this Section 6(c)(ix), if any.
     If at any time the representations and warranties of the Issuers and the Guarantors contemplated in Section 6(c)(ix)(A)(1) hereof cease to be true and correct, the Issuers or the Guarantors shall so advise the Initial Purchasers and the underwriter(s), if any, and each selling Holder promptly and, if requested by such Persons, shall confirm such advice in writing;
     (x) prior to any public offering of Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement, cooperate with the selling Holders, the underwriter(s), if any, and their respective counsel in connection with the registration and qualification of the Transfer Restricted Securities under the state securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as the selling Holders or underwriter(s), if any, may reasonably request and do any and all other acts or things necessary or advisable to enable the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Transfer Restricted Securities covered by the Shelf Registration Statement; provided, however, that none of the Issuers or the Guarantors shall be required to register or qualify as a foreign corporation where it is not then so qualified or to take any action that would subject it to the service of process in suits or to taxation in any jurisdiction where it is not then so subject;
     (xi) issue, upon the request of any Holder of Initial Securities covered by the Shelf Registration Statement, Exchange Securities having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of Initial Securities surrendered to the Issuers by such Holder in exchange therefor or being sold by such Holder; such Exchange Securities, if in certificated form, to be registered in the name of such Holder or in the name of the purchaser(s) of such Securities, as the case may be; in return, the Initial Securities held by such Holder, if in certificated form, shall be surrendered to the Issuers for cancellation;

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     (xii) cooperate with the selling Holders and the underwriter(s), if any, to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates representing Transfer Restricted Securities to be sold and not bearing any restrictive legends; and enable such Transfer Restricted Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as the Holders or the underwriter(s), if any, may request at least two Business Days prior to any sale of Transfer Restricted Securities made by such Holders or underwriter(s);
     (xiii) use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Transfer Restricted Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be registered with or approved by such domestic other governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary to enable the seller or sellers thereof or the underwriter(s), if any, to consummate the disposition of such Transfer Restricted Securities, subject to the proviso contained in Section 6(c)(x) hereof;
     (xiv) if any fact or event contemplated by Section 6(c)(iii)(D) hereof shall exist or have occurred, prepare a supplement or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or related Prospectus or any document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of Transfer Restricted Securities, the Prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;
     (xv) provide a CUSIP number for all Securities not later than the effective date of the Registration Statement covering such Securities and provide the Trustee under the Indenture with certificates for such Securities which are in a form eligible for deposit with The Depository Trust Company and take all other action necessary to ensure that all such Securities are eligible for deposit with The Depository Trust Company;
     (xvi) cooperate and assist in any filings required to be made with FINRA and in the performance of any due diligence investigation by any underwriter (including any “qualified independent underwriter”) that is required to be retained in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA;
     (xvii) otherwise use its reasonable best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission, and make generally available to its security holders, as soon as practicable, a consolidated earnings statement meeting the requirements of Rule 158 (which need not be audited) for the twelve-month period (A) commencing at the end of any fiscal quarter in which Transfer Restricted Securities are sold to underwriters in a firm commitment or best efforts Underwritten Offering or (B) if not sold to underwriters in such an offering, beginning with the first month of the Company’s first fiscal quarter commencing after the effective date of the Registration Statement;
     (xviii) cause the Indenture to be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act not later than the effective date of the first Registration Statement required by this Agreement, and, in connection therewith, cooperate with the Trustee and the Holders of Securities to effect such changes to the Indenture as may be required for such Indenture to be so qualified in accordance with the terms of the Trust Indenture Act; and to execute and use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Trustee to execute, all documents that may be

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required to effect such changes and all other forms and documents required to be filed with the Commission to enable such Indenture to be so qualified in a timely manner; and
     (xix) cause all Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be listed on each securities exchange or automated quotation system on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed if requested by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of Initial Securities or the managing underwriter(s), if any.
     Each Holder agrees by acquisition of a Transfer Restricted Security that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the existence of any fact of the kind described in Section 6(c)(iii)(C) or (D) hereof or any Blackout Period described in Section 4(a) hereof, such Holder will forthwith discontinue disposition of Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to the applicable Registration Statement until such Holder’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by Section 6(c)(xiv) hereof, or until it is advised in writing (the “Advice”) by the Company that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed, and has received copies of any additional or supplemental filings that are incorporated by reference in the Prospectus. If so directed by the Company, each Holder will deliver to the Issuers (at the Company’s expense) all copies, other than permanent file copies then in such Holder’s possession, of the Prospectus covering such Transfer Restricted Securities that was current at the time of receipt of such notice. In the event the Company shall give any such notice, the time period regarding the effectiveness of such Registration Statement set forth in Section 3 or 4 hereof, as applicable, shall be extended by the number of days during the period from and including the date of the giving of such notice pursuant to Section 6(c)(iii)(C) or (D) hereof or notice of any Blackout Period to and including the date when each selling Holder covered by such Registration Statement shall have received the copies of the supplemented or amended Prospectus contemplated by Section 6(c)(xiv) hereof or shall have received the Advice.
     Section 7. Registration Expenses.
     (a) All expenses incident to the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ performance of or compliance with this Agreement will be borne by the Issuers and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, regardless of whether a Registration Statement becomes effective, including, without limitation: (i) all registration and filing fees and expenses (including filings made by any Initial Purchaser or Holder with the FINRA (and, if applicable, the fees and expenses of any “qualified independent underwriter” and its counsel that may be required by the rules and regulations of FINRA)); (ii) all fees and expenses of compliance with federal securities and state securities or blue sky laws; (iii) all expenses of printing (including printing certificates for the Exchange Securities to be issued in the Exchange Offer and printing of Prospectuses), messenger and delivery services and telephone; (iv) all fees and disbursements of counsel for the Issuers and the Guarantors and, subject to Section 7(b) hereof, the Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities; (v) all application and filing fees in connection with listing the Exchange Securities on a securities exchange or automated quotation system pursuant to the requirements thereof; (vi) all fees and disbursements of independent certified public accountants of the Issuers and the Guarantors (including the expenses of any special audit and comfort letters required by or incident to such performance) and (vii) all fees and disbursements of the Trustee and its counsel, but in all cases (unless otherwise provided in the underwriting agreement relating to an offering using any Registration Statement), excluding brokers’ or underwriters’ discounts and commissions and

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transfer taxes or the fees and disbursements of any counsel to any Person other than the Issuers or the Guarantors.
     (b) In connection with any Registration Statement required by this Agreement (including, without limitation, the Exchange Offer Registration Statement and the Shelf Registration Statement), the Issuers and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, will reimburse the Initial Purchasers and the Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities being tendered in the Exchange Offer and/or resold pursuant to the “Plan of Distribution” contained in the Exchange Offer Registration Statement or registered pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement, as applicable, for the reasonable fees and disbursements of not more than one counsel, who shall be Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP or such other counsel as may be chosen by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Transfer Restricted Securities for whose benefit such Registration Statement is being prepared.
     Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors will, in any event, bear its internal expenses (including, without limitation, all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or accounting duties), the expenses of any annual audit and the fees and expenses of any Person, including special experts, retained by the Issuers or the Guarantors.
     Section 8. Indemnification.
     (a) The Issuers and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify and hold harmless (i) each Holder and (ii) each Person, if any, who controls (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) any such Holder (any of the Persons referred to in this clause (ii) being hereinafter referred to as a “controlling person”) and (iii) the respective officers, directors, partners, employees, representatives and agents of any Holder or any controlling person (any Person referred to in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) may hereinafter be referred to as an “Indemnified Holder”), to the fullest extent lawful, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) (including, without limitation, and as incurred, reimbursement of each such Indemnified Holder for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action), joint or several, directly or indirectly arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement or Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (with respect to the Prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions are caused by an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission that is made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any of the Holders furnished in writing to the Company by any of the Holders expressly for use therein. This indemnity agreement shall be in addition to any liability that the Issuers or any of the Guarantors may otherwise have.
     In case any action or proceeding (including any governmental or regulatory investigation or proceeding) shall be brought or asserted against any of the Indemnified Holders with respect to which indemnity may be sought against any Issuer or Guarantor, such Indemnified Holder (or the Indemnified Holder controlled by such controlling person) shall promptly notify the Issuers

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and the Guarantors in writing; provided, however, that the failure to give such notice shall not relieve any of the Issuers or the Guarantors of its obligations pursuant to this Agreement. Such Indemnified Holder shall have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action and the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be paid, as incurred, by the Issuers and the Guarantors (regardless of whether it is ultimately determined that an Indemnified Holder is not entitled to indemnification hereunder). The Issuers and the Guarantors shall not, in connection with any one such action or proceeding or separate but substantially similar or related actions or proceedings in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances, be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys (in addition to any local counsel) at any time for such Indemnified Holders, which firm shall be designated by the Holders. The Issuers and the Guarantors shall be liable for any settlement of any such action or proceeding effected with the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ prior written consent, which consent shall not be withheld unreasonably, and each of the Issuers and the Guarantors agrees to indemnify and hold harmless any Indemnified Holder from and against any loss, claim, damage, liability or action by reason of any settlement of any action effected with the written consent of the Issuers and the Guarantors. The Issuers and the Guarantors shall not, without the prior written consent of each Indemnified Holder, not to be unreasonably withheld, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of judgment in or otherwise seek to terminate any pending or threatened action, claim, litigation or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not any Indemnified Holder is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination includes an unconditional release of each Indemnified Holder from all liability arising out of such action, claim, litigation or proceeding.
     (b) Each Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Issuers, the Guarantors and their respective directors and officers of the Issuers and the Guarantors who sign a Registration Statement, and any Person controlling (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) any Issuer or any Guarantor, and the respective officers, directors, partners, employees, representatives and agents of each such Person, to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Issuers and the Guarantors to each of the Indemnified Holders, but only with respect to claims and actions (i) based on information relating to such Holder furnished in writing by such Holder expressly for use in any Registration Statement or Prospectus or (ii) with respect to any sales after the receipt from the Company by such Holder of the notice contemplated by Section 6(c)(iii)(C) or (D) and before the receipt from the Company by such Holder of the Advice with respect to such notice. In case any action or proceeding shall be brought against the Issuers, the Guarantors or their respective directors or officers or any such controlling person in respect of which indemnity may be sought against a Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities, such Holder shall have the rights and duties given the Issuers and the Guarantors, and the Issuers, the Guarantors, their respective directors and officers and such controlling person shall have the rights and duties given to each Holder by the preceding paragraph. The liability of any Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities under this Section 8(b) shall not exceed the aggregate net proceeds to such Holder, if any, received from the sale of Transfer Restricted Securities or Exchange Securities pursuant to any Registration Statement. This indemnity agreement shall be in addition to any liability that the Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities may otherwise have.

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     (c) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable to an indemnified party under Section 8(a) or (b) hereof (other than by reason of exceptions provided in those Sections) in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions referred to therein, then each applicable indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities and actions (including legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating or defending same) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Holders, on the other hand, from the Initial Placement, the amount of Additional Interest which did not become payable as a result of the filing of the Registration Statement resulting in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions, and such Registration Statement (and, if applicable, from sales of Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement), or if such allocation is not permitted by applicable law, the relative fault of the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Holders, on the other hand, in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the Issuers and the Guarantors on the one hand and of the Indemnified Holder on the other shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Issuers or any of the Guarantors, on the one hand, or the Indemnified Holders, on the other hand, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions referred to above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in the second paragraph of Section 8(a) hereof, any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with investigating or defending any action or claim.
     The Issuers, the Guarantors and each Holder of Transfer Restricted Securities agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8(c) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Holders were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities or actions referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 8, none of the Holders (and its related Indemnified Holders) shall be required to contribute, in the aggregate, any amount in excess of the amount by which the total discount received by such Holder with respect to the Initial Securities (and, if applicable, from sales of Transfer Restricted Securities pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement) exceeds the amount of any damages which such Holder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Holders’ obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 8(c) are several in proportion to the respective principal amount of Initial Securities held by each of the Holders hereunder and not joint.

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     Section 9. Rule 144 and 144A Information. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to file the reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act in a timely manner and, if at any time the Company is not required to file such reports, it will, upon the request of any Holder of Initial Securities, make publicly available other information so long as necessary to permit sales of their securities pursuant to Rules 144 and 144A. The Issuers agree that they will take such further action as any Holder of Initial Securities may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell Initial Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rules 144 and 144A (including the requirements of Rule 144A(d)(4)). The Issuers, upon request by the Initial Purchasers, will provide a copy of this Agreement to prospective purchasers of Initial Securities identified to the Issuers by the Initial Purchasers. Upon the request of any Holder of Initial Securities, the Issuers shall deliver to such Holder a written statement as to whether it has complied with such requirements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 9 shall be deemed to require the Issuers to register any of their securities pursuant to the Exchange Act.
     Section 10. Participation in Underwritten Registrations. No Holder may participate in any Underwritten Registration hereunder unless such Holder (a) agrees to sell such Holder’s Transfer Restricted Securities on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by the Persons entitled hereunder to approve such arrangements and (b) completes and executes all reasonable questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting agreements, lock-up letters and other documents required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements.
     Section 11. Selection of Underwriters. The Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities covered by the Shelf Registration Statement who desire to do so may sell such Transfer Restricted Securities in an Underwritten Offering. In any such Underwritten Offering, the investment banker(s) and managing underwriter(s) that will administer such offering will be selected by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Transfer Restricted Securities included in such offering; provided, however, that such investment banker(s) and managing underwriter(s) must be reasonably satisfactory to the Issuers.
     Section 12. Miscellaneous.
     (a) Remedies. Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors hereby agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Agreement and hereby agrees to waive the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
     (b) No Inconsistent Agreements. Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors will not on or after the date of this Agreement enter into any agreement with respect to its securities that is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders in this Agreement or otherwise conflicts with the provisions hereof. Except as disclosed in its filings with the Commission prior to the date hereof, neither either Issuer nor any of the Guarantors has previously entered into any agreement granting any registration rights with respect to its securities to any Person. The rights granted to the Holders hereunder do not in any way conflict with and are not inconsistent with the rights granted to the holders of the Issuers’ or any of the Guarantors’ securities under any agreement in effect on the date hereof.

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     (c) Amendments and Waivers. The provisions of this Agreement may not be amended, modified or supplemented, and waivers or consents to or departures from the provisions hereof may not be given unless the Issuers have (i) in the case of Section 5 hereof and this Section 12(c)(i), obtained the written consent of Holders of all outstanding Transfer Restricted Securities and (ii) in the case of all other provisions hereof, obtained the written consent of Holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of Transfer Restricted Securities (excluding any Transfer Restricted Securities held by the Issuers or their respective Affiliates). Notwithstanding the foregoing, a waiver or consent to departure from the provisions hereof that relates exclusively to the rights of Holders whose securities are being tendered pursuant to the Exchange Offer or included on a Shelf Registration Statement and that does not affect directly or indirectly the rights of other Holders whose securities are not being tendered pursuant to such Exchange Offer or included in such Shelf Registration Statement may be given by the Holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of Transfer Restricted Securities being tendered or registered, as the case may be; provided, however, that, with respect to any matter that directly or indirectly affects the rights of any Initial Purchaser hereunder, the Issuers shall obtain the written consent of each such Initial Purchaser with respect to which such amendment, qualification, supplement, waiver, consent or departure is to be effective.
     (d) Notices. All notices and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder shall be made in writing by hand-delivery, first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), telex, telecopier, or air courier guaranteeing overnight delivery:
     (i) if to a Holder, at the address set forth on the records of the Registrar under the Indenture, with a copy to the Registrar under the Indenture;
     (ii) if to the Issuers:
Linn Energy, LLC
600 Travis Street, Suite 5100
Houston, Texas 77002
Facsimile: (281) 840-4180
Attention: General Counsel
with a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
Baker & Hostetler LLP
1000 Louisiana Street, Suite 2000
Houston, Texas 77002
Facsimile: (713) 751-1717
Attention: W. Robert Shearer
and
(iii) if to the Initial Purchasers:

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Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
388 Greenwich Street
New York, New York 10013
Facsimile: (212) 816-7912
Attention: General Counsel
with a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP
1111 Louisiana Street, 44th Floor
Houston, Texas 77002
Facsimile: (713) 236-0822
Attention: Kristen Jesulaitis
     All such notices and communications shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered by hand, if personally delivered; five Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when answered back, if telexed; when receipt acknowledged, if telecopied; and on the next Business Day, if timely delivered to an air courier guaranteeing overnight delivery.
     Copies of all such notices, demands or other communications shall be concurrently delivered by the Person giving the same to the Trustee at the address specified in the Indenture.
     (e) Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and assigns of each of the parties, including, without limitation, and without the need for an express assignment, subsequent Holders of Transfer Restricted Securities; provided however, that this Agreement shall not inure to the benefit of or be binding upon a successor or assign of a Holder unless and to the extent such successor or assign acquired Transfer Restricted Securities from such Holder.
     (f) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
     (g) Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning hereof.
     (h) Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICTS OF LAW RULES THEREOF.
     (i) Severability. In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not be affected or impaired thereby.

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     (j) Entire Agreement. This Agreement is intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement and intended to be a complete and exclusive statement of the agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein. There are no restrictions, promises, warranties or undertakings, other than those set forth or referred to herein with respect to the registration rights granted by the Issuers with respect to the Transfer Restricted Securities. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings among the parties with respect to such subject matter.

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     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.
         
  ISSUERS


Linn Energy, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Linn Energy Finance Corp.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer  
 
  GUARANTORS


Linn Energy Holdings, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Penn West Pipeline, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President and Chief Operating Officer  
 
[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

 


 

         
  Mid-Continent Holdings I, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Mid-Continent Holdings II, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Mid-Continent I, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Linn Gas Marketing, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Mid-Continent II, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

 


 

         
  Linn Exploration Midcontinent, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
  Linn Operating, Inc.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Mark E. Ellis  
    Name:   Mark E. Ellis  
    Title:   President & Chief Operating Officer  
 
[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

 

EX-10.1 4 h66847exv10w1.htm EX-10.1 exv10w1
EXECUTION VERSION
LINN ENERGY, LLC
LINN ENERGY FINANCE CORP.

$250,000,000
11.750% Senior Notes due 2017
PURCHASE AGREEMENT
May 12, 2009
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
Barclays Capital Inc.
BNP Paribas Securities Corp.
Calyon Securities (USA) Inc.
RBC Capital Markets Corporation
RBS Securities Inc.
As Representatives of the several
  Initial Purchasers named in Schedule 1 attached hereto,
c/o Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
333 Clay Street
37th Floor
Houston, Texas 77002
Ladies and Gentlemen:
     Linn Energy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), and Linn Energy Finance Corp., a Delaware corporation (together with the Company, the “Issuers,” and each of them, an “Issuer”), propose to sell an aggregate of $250,000,000 principal amount of the Company’s and Linn Energy Finance Corp.’s 11.750% Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Notes”) to the initial purchasers (the “Initial Purchasers”) named in Schedule 1 attached to this agreement (this “Agreement”), for whom you are acting as the representatives (the “Representatives”). The Notes will be issued pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”) to be dated as of the Closing Date (as defined in Section 3(a)), among the Issuers, the Guarantors (as defined below) and U.S. Bank, National Association, as trustee. The Notes will be issued only in book-entry form in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company (the “Depositary”) pursuant to a blanket letter of representations dated June 26, 2008 (the “DTC Agreement”) from the Issuers.
     The holders of the Notes will be entitled to the benefits of a registration rights agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Initial Purchasers, pursuant to which the Issuers and the Guarantors will agree to file with the Commission (as defined below), under certain circumstances set forth therein, (i) a registration statement under the Securities Act (as defined below) relating to another

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series of debt securities of the Issuers and the guarantees of the Guarantors under the Indenture, each respectively with terms substantially identical to the Notes (the “Exchange Notes”) and the Guarantees (the “Exchange Guarantees”) to be offered in exchange for the Notes and the Guarantees (the “Exchange Offer”) and (ii) to the extent required by the Registration Rights Agreement, a shelf registration statement pursuant to Rule 415 of the Securities Act relating to the resale by certain holders of the Notes, and in each case, to use its reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statements to be declared effective.
     The payment of principal of, premium and Additional Interest (as defined in the Indenture), if any, and interest on the Notes and the Exchange Notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis, jointly and severally, by (i) the guarantors listed on Schedule 2 attached hereto and (ii) any subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the Closing Date that executes an additional guarantee in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, and their respective successors and assigns (such persons referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) are collectively referred to as the “Guarantors”), pursuant to their guarantees (the “Guarantees”). The Notes and the Guarantees are herein collectively referred to as the “Securities,” and the Exchange Notes and the Exchange Guarantees are herein collectively referred to as the “Exchange Securities.”
     The Issuers and the Guarantors understand that the Initial Purchasers propose to make an offering of the Securities on the terms and in the manner set forth herein and in the Pricing Disclosure Package (as defined below) and agree that the Initial Purchasers may resell, subject to the conditions set forth herein, all or a portion of the Securities to purchasers (the “Subsequent Purchasers”) on the terms set forth in the Pricing Disclosure Package (the first time when sales of the Securities are made by the Initial Purchasers is referred to herein as the “Time of Sale”). The Securities are to be offered and sold to or through the Initial Purchasers without being registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act,” which term, as used herein, includes the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder), in reliance upon exemptions therefrom. Pursuant to the terms of the Securities and the Indenture, investors who acquire Securities shall be deemed to have agreed that Securities may only be resold or otherwise transferred, after the date hereof, if such Securities are registered for sale under the Securities Act or if an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act is available (including the exemptions afforded by Rule 144A under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) and Regulation S under the Securities Act (“Regulation S”)).
     In connection with the sale of the Securities, the Company has prepared and delivered to each Initial Purchaser copies of a Preliminary Offering Memorandum dated May 11, 2009 (the “Preliminary Offering Memorandum”), and has prepared and delivered to each Initial Purchaser copies of a Pricing Supplement dated May 12, 2009, substantially in the form of Exhibit A (the “Pricing Supplement”), describing the terms of the Securities, each for use by the Initial Purchasers in connection with its solicitation of offers to purchase the Securities. The Preliminary Offering Memorandum, as supplemented by the Pricing Supplement, is herein referred to as the “Pricing Disclosure Package.” Promptly after this Agreement is executed and delivered, and in any event not later than the second business day following the date hereof, the Company will prepare and deliver to each Initial Purchaser a final offering memorandum, dated as of the date hereof (the “Offering Memorandum”).

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     All references herein to the terms “Pricing Disclosure Package” and “Offering Memorandum” shall be deemed to mean and include all information filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act,” which term, as used herein, includes the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder) prior to the Time of Sale and incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package (including the Preliminary Offering Memorandum) or the Offering Memorandum (as the case may be), and all references herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Offering Memorandum shall be deemed to mean and include all information filed under the Exchange Act after the Time of Sale and incorporated by reference in the Offering Memorandum.
          1. Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Issuers and the Guarantors. Each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors, jointly and severally, represent, warrant and agree that:
     (a) None of the Issuers or the Guarantors, nor any person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made offers or sales of any security, or solicited offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would require the registration of the Securities under the Securities Act.
     (b) None of the Issuers or Guarantors, nor any person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Rule 502(c) under the Securities Act) in connection with any offer or sale of the Securities in the United States.
     (c) The Securities satisfy the eligibility requirements of Rule 144A(d)(3) under the Securities Act.
     (d) None of the Issuers or Guarantors, nor any person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any directed selling efforts with respect to the Securities, and each of them has complied with the offering restrictions requirement of Regulation S. Terms used in this paragraph have the meanings given to them by Regulation S.
     (e) None of the Issuers or Guarantors has paid or agreed to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any Securities (except as contemplated by this Agreement).
     (f) The documents incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum conformed, and any further documents so incorporated will conform, when filed with the Commission, in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act or the Securities Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
     (g) The documents incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum did not, and any further documents filed and incorporated by reference therein will not, when filed with the Commission, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

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     (h) The Offering Memorandum will not, as of its date and on the Closing Date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to information contained in or omitted from the Offering Memorandum in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Initial Purchaser specifically for inclusion therein, which information is specified in Section 8(e).
     (i) The Pricing Disclosure Package did not and will not, as of the Time of Sale and on the Closing Date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to information contained in or omitted from the Pricing Disclosure Package in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Initial Purchaser specifically for inclusion therein, which information is specified in Section 8(e).
     (j) The Issuers and the Guarantors have not prepared, made, used, authorized, approved or distributed and will not prepare, make, use, authorize, approve or distribute any written communication that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy the Securities (each such communication by any of the Issuers, Guarantors or their respective agents and representatives (other than a communication referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) below) an “Additional Written Communication”) other than (i) the Pricing Disclosure Package, (ii) the Offering Memorandum and (iii) any electronic road show or other written communications, in each case used in accordance with Section 5(a). Each such Additional Written Communication, when taken together with the Pricing Disclosure Package as of the Time of Sale, did not, and at the Closing Date will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Issuers and the Guarantors make no representation or warranty as to statements contained in or omitted from any such Additional Written Communication in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Initial Purchaser specifically for inclusion therein, which information is specified in Section 8(e).
     (k) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries (as defined in Section 18) listed on Schedule 3 to this Agreement, including each of the Guarantors, has been duly organized, is validly existing and in good standing as a corporation or other business entity under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and is duly qualified to do business and in good standing as a foreign corporation or other business entity in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its businesses requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material

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adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, stockholders’ or members’ equity or business of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole (a “Material Adverse Effect”). Except as disclosed in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, each of the Company and its subsidiaries has all power and authority necessary to own or hold its properties and to conduct the businesses in which it is engaged. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the subsidiaries listed on Schedule 3 to this Agreement. None of the subsidiaries of the Company (other than Linn Energy Holdings, LLC) is a “significant subsidiary” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act).
     (l) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in each of the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, and all of the units representing limited liability company interests of the Company (“Units”) have been duly authorized and validly issued in accordance with the certificate of formation and limited liability company agreement of the Company, conform to the description thereof contained in each of the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum and were issued in compliance with federal and state securities laws and not in violation of any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right.
     (m) The Company owns 100% of the limited liability company interests of each of the subsidiaries listed on Schedule 3A to this Agreement. Such limited liability company interests have been duly authorized and validly issued in accordance with the certificate of formation and limited liability company agreement of each such limited liability company and are fully paid (to the extent required under the applicable limited liability company’s certificate of formation and limited liability company agreement) and nonassessable (except as such nonassessability may be affected by Section 18-607 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the “Delaware LLC Act”) or Sections 18-2030 and 18-2031 of the Oklahoma Limited Liability Company Act, as applicable); and the Company owns all such interests free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, charges and other adverse claims (other than contractual restrictions on transfer contained in the applicable constituent documents or the Indenture, dated as of June 27, 2008, among the Issuers, the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Old Indenture”)), except for liens created under or pursuant to the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 28, 2009 among the Company, as Borrower, BNP Paribas, as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders and agents party thereto (as amended or modified from time to time, the “Bank Credit Facility” and, collectively with the Old Indenture, the “Debt Instruments”), and other “Permitted Liens” as defined in the Indenture. The Company owns 100% of the outstanding capital stock of the entities listed on Schedule 3B to this Agreement. Such capital stock has been duly authorized and validly issued in accordance with the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of such corporations and is fully paid and nonassessable; and the Company owns all such capital stock free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, charges and other adverse claims (other than contractual restrictions on transfer contained in the applicable constituent documents or the Old Indenture), except for liens created under the Bank Credit Facility. The Company is the sole general partner of the entities listed on Schedule 3C to this Agreement; such general

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partner interests have been duly authorized and validly issued in accordance with the agreement of limited partnership of such entities and are fully paid (to the extent required under the applicable limited partnership’s certificate of formation and limited partnership agreement); and the Company owns such general partner interests free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, equities, charges or claims (other than contractual restrictions on transfer contained in the applicable constituent documents or the Old Indenture), except for liens created under the Bank Credit Facility.
     (n) Each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors have full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform their respective obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum. This Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum have been duly and validly authorized by the Issuers and the Guarantors. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Issuers and the Guarantors.
     (o) The Registration Rights Agreement has been duly and validly authorized by the Issuers and the Guarantors and, at the Closing Date, will have been validly executed and delivered by each of the Issuers and the Guarantors, and, assuming due authorization and execution by each of the Initial Purchasers or other parties thereto, will constitute a legal, valid and binding agreement enforceable against each of the Issuers and the Guarantors in accordance with its terms except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). On the Closing Date, the Registration Rights Agreement will conform in all material respects with the description thereof in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (p) The Notes and the Guarantees have been duly and validly authorized by each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors for issuance and sale to the Initial Purchasers pursuant to this Agreement and, when the Notes are issued and authenticated and the Guarantees are executed in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will be the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors, enforceable against them in accordance with their terms and entitled to the benefits of the Indenture, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). On the Closing Date, the form of the Notes and the terms of the Guarantees will conform in all material respects with the descriptions thereof in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (q) The Exchange Notes have been duly authorized by the Issuers and the Exchange Guarantees have been duly authorized by each of the Guarantors for issuance

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and sale and if and when the Exchange Notes are issued and authenticated by the Trustee and the Exchange Guarantees are executed in the manner provided for in the Indenture, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Exchange Offer, will have been validly executed by the Issuers and each of the Guarantors and will be legal, valid and binding obligations of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors entitled to the benefits of the Indenture, enforceable against each of them in accordance with their terms except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). On the Closing Date, the form of the Exchange Notes and the terms of the Exchange Guarantees will conform in all material respects with the descriptions thereof in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (r) Each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors have full right, power and authority to execute and deliver the Indenture and to perform their respective obligations thereunder. The Indenture has been duly and validly authorized by each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors. When the Indenture is executed and delivered by each of the Issuers and each of the Guarantors, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture by the Trustee, the Indenture will be a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Issuers and the Guarantors, enforceable against the Issuers and the Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). On the Closing Date, the Indenture will conform in all material respects to the description thereof in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (s) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Indenture, the Notes, the Guarantees, the Exchange Notes and the Exchange Guarantees by the Issuers and the Guarantors, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and the application of the proceeds from the sale of the Notes as described under “Use of Proceeds” in each of the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, impose any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, license or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject; (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the limited liability company agreement, charter or by-laws (or similar organizational documents) of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; or (iii) result in any violation of any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their properties or assets, except (in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) above) as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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     (t) No consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any Guarantor or any of their properties or assets is required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Indenture, the Notes, the Guarantees, the Exchange Notes and the Exchange Guarantees by the Issuers and the Guarantors, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and the application of the proceeds from the sale of the Notes as described under “Use of Proceeds” in each of the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, except for (i) with respect to the Exchange Securities under the Securities Act, the Trust Indenture Act and applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws as contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement, (ii) such consents as may be required under the State securities or Blue Sky laws, (iii) such consents that have been, or prior to the Closing Date will be, obtained or (iv) as disclosed in the Pricing Disclosure Package.
     (u) Except as identified in the Pricing Disclosure Package, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between any Issuer or any Guarantor and any person granting such person the right to require any Issuer or any Guarantor to file a registration statement under the Securities Act or to require any Issuer or any Guarantor to include such securities in the securities to be registered pursuant to the registration statement relating to the Exchange Securities or in any securities being registered pursuant to any other registration statement filed by any Issuer or any Guarantor under the Securities Act in connection with the filing of the registration statement relating to the Exchange Securities.
     (v) Except as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the Pricing Disclosure Package, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, and since such date, there has not been any change in the members’ equity or long-term debt of the Company or any Guarantor, taken as a whole, or any adverse change or development, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, members’ equity, business or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in each case except as could not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
     (w) Since the date as of which information is given in the Pricing Disclosure Package and except as may otherwise be described in the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Issuers and the Guarantors have not (i) incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, other than liabilities and obligations that were incurred in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) entered into any material transaction not in the ordinary course of business.
     (x) The historical financial statements (including the related notes and supporting schedules) included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum comply as to form in all material respects with

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the requirements of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and present fairly in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the entities purported to be shown thereby at the dates and for the periods indicated and, except as disclosed therein, have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved.
     (y) The pro forma financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum include assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical financial statement amounts in the pro forma financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (z) KPMG LLP, who has audited certain financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, whose report with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries appears in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum or is incorporated by reference therein and who has delivered the initial letter referred to in Section 7(e), is an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, the Rules and Regulations and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”).
     (aa) DeGolyer and MacNaughton, who issued a report with respect to the Company’s oil and natural gas reserves at December 31, 2008, who has delivered the letter referred to in Section 7(g) hereof, was, as of the date of such report, and is, as of the date hereof, an independent petroleum engineer with respect to the Company.
     (bb) The information underlying the estimates of reserves of the Company included in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, including, without limitation, production, costs of operation and development, current prices for production, agreements relating to current and future operations and sales of production, was true and correct in all material respects on the dates such estimates were made and such information was supplied and was prepared in accordance with customary industry practices; other than normal production of the reserves, intervening market commodity price fluctuations, fluctuations in demand for such products, adverse weather conditions, unavailability or increased costs of rigs, equipment, supplies or personnel, the timing of third party operations and other factors, in each case as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, the Company is not aware of any facts or circumstances that would result in a material adverse change in the aggregate net reserves, or the present value of future net cash flows therefrom, as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum; estimates of such reserves and present values as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of Regulation S-X and Industry Guide 2 under the Securities Act.

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     (cc) The pro forma reserve information included in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum includes assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical reserve information of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (dd) The statistical and market-related data under the captions “Summary,” “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum and the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes to be reliable and accurate in all material respects.
     (ee) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is, and as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the offer and sale of the Notes and the application of the proceeds therefrom as described under “Use of Proceeds” in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum none of them will be, an “investment company” within the meaning of such term under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
     (ff) Except as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject that could, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or a material adverse effect on the performance of this Agreement or the consummation of any transaction contemplated by this Agreement or any other material transaction contemplated by the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum; and to the Company’s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or others.
     (gg) The Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 3, 2009 describes all relationships, direct or indirect, between or among any Issuer or any Guarantor, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, unitholders, customers or suppliers of any Issuer or any Guarantor, on the other hand, that would be required by the Securities Act to be described in a registration statement on Form S-3; provided that, with respect to the Initial Purchasers, such disclosure is supplemented by the information presented under “Plan of Distribution” in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum.
     (hh) No labor disturbance by the employees of the Company or its subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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     (ii) (i) There exists no “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”)) that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code (as defined below) for which the Company or any member of its “Controlled Group” (defined as any organization which is a member of a controlled group of corporations within the meaning of Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”)) may have any liability; and (ii) each plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such qualification, except where failure to be so qualified would not be reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any member of its Controlled Group has any withdrawal or other liability to any “multiemployer plan”, within the meaning of Section 4001(c)(3) of ERISA.
     (jj) The Company and the Guarantors have filed all federal, state, local and foreign income and franchise tax returns required to be filed through the date hereof, subject to permitted extensions, and have paid or made provision for the payment of all taxes due thereon, except (i) those taxes that are not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) those taxes, assessments or other charges that are being contested in good faith, if such taxes, assessments, or other charges are adequately reserved for or (iii) as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum; and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, nor does the Company have any knowledge of any tax deficiencies, in either case, that could, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
     (kk) Neither the Company nor any Guarantor is in violation of its charter or by-laws (or similar organizational documents); neither the Company or any of its subsidiaries (i) is in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, license or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it is bound or to which any of its properties or assets is subject or (ii) is in violation of any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over it or its property or assets or has failed to obtain any license, permit, certificate, franchise or other governmental authorization or permit necessary to the ownership of its property or to the conduct of its business, except in the case of clauses (i) and (ii), to the extent any such violation or default could not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
     (ll) The Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith, except where failure to be in compliance would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
     (mm) The Company and its subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls and other controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i)

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transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accounting for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
     (nn) The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act), which (i) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its subsidiaries, required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports under the Exchange Act, is made known to the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer of the Company by others within the Company, particularly during the periods in which the periodic reports required under the Exchange Act are being prepared, and (ii) as of the evaluation date with respect to the most recent report requiring certification under Rule 13a-14 under the Exchange Act filed with the Commission, such disclosure controls and procedures were effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established.
     (oo) The Company and the Guarantors have such permits, licenses, patents, franchises, certificates of need and other approvals or authorizations of governmental or regulatory authorities (“Permits”) as are necessary under applicable law to own their properties and conduct their businesses in the manner described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, subject to such qualifications as may be set forth in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum and except for any of the foregoing that could not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; each of the Company and the Guarantors has fulfilled and performed all of its obligations with respect to the Permits, and no event has occurred that allows, or after notice or lapse of time would allow, revocation or termination thereof or results in any other impairment of the rights of the holder or any such Permits, except for any of the foregoing that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
     (pp) Except as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum and except as would not in the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) neither the Company nor any of the Guarantors has received any notice that has not been resolved alleging that it is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, pertaining to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations pertaining to the release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products, asbestos-containing materials or mold (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, “Environmental Laws”), (ii) the

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Company and the Guarantors have all permits, authorizations and approvals required under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (iii) there are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings under any Environmental Law against the Company or any of the Guarantors, and (iv) to the knowledge of the Company, there are no events or circumstances that would reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of the Guarantors pertaining to Hazardous Materials or under any Environmental Laws.
     (qq) The Issuers and the Guarantors have not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or the Guarantors to facilitate the sale or resale of the Notes or Guarantees.
     (rr) The Company and the Guarantors have good and marketable title to all real property and to all personal property described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum as being owned by them and valid, legal and defensible title to the interests in oil and gas properties underlying the estimates of the Company’s proved reserves described in the Pricing Disclosure Package, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except (i) such as are described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum, (ii) such as arise in connection with the Bank Credit Facility, (iii) such as do not (individually or in the aggregate) materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Guarantors or (iv) such as are not (individually or in the aggregate) reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect; any real property and buildings held under lease or sublease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as (i) do not materially interfere with, the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries or (ii) are not (individually or in the aggregate) reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and the working interests derived from oil, gas and mineral leases or mineral interests which constitute a portion of the real property held or leased by the Company and its subsidiaries reflect in all material respects the right of the Company and its subsidiaries to explore, develop or produce hydrocarbons from such real property, and the care taken by the Company and its subsidiaries with respect to acquiring or otherwise procuring such leases or mineral interests was generally consistent with standard industry practices in the areas in which the Company and its subsidiaries operate for acquiring or procuring leases and interests therein to explore, develop or produce hydrocarbons.
     (ss) The Company and the Guarantors carry, or are covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as the Company reasonably considers adequate for the conduct of their business and the value of their properties and as is reasonably customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries; and none of

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the Company or any Guarantor has received notice that cancellation of any insurance is pending or effective.
     (tt) No Restricted Subsidiary (as defined in the Indenture) of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to the Company, from making any other distribution on such Restricted Subsidiary’s capital stock, from repaying to the Company any loan or advances to such Restricted Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such Restricted Subsidiary’s property or assets to the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, except as described in or contemplated by the Debt Instruments, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (uu) The Company has not (i) expended any Incremental Funds (as defined in the Old Indenture) pursuant to clause (I)(d) or clause (II)(b) of Section 4.07 of the Old Indenture (Limitation on Restricted Payments) or (ii) made any Restricted Payments (as defined in the Old Indenture) pursuant to clause (II)(a) of Section 4.07 of the Old Indenture (Limitation on Restricted Payments).
     (vv) Immediately after Linn Energy Holdings, LLC has entered into the Guarantee to which it is a party, (i) the fair value of the assets of such Guarantor will exceed the debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, of such Guarantor, (ii) the present fair saleable value of the property of such Guarantor will be greater than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liabilities of such Guarantor on its debts and other liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and other liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, become absolute and matured, (iii) such Guarantor will be able to pay its debts and other liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and other liabilities become absolute and matured, and (iv) such Guarantor will not have an unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the business in which it is engaged as such business is conducted and is proposed to be conducted following the Closing Date.
     (ww) None of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including without limitation, the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Notes), will violate or result in a violation of Section 7 of the Exchange Act, or any regulation promulgated thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulations T, U and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
     (xx) There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against any of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or to which any of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party, or to which any of their respective properties is subject, that would be required by the Securities Act to be described in a registration statement on Form S-3 that are not so described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum; and there are no agreements, contracts, indentures, leases or other instruments that would be required to be described in a registration statement on Form S-3 that have not been so described in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum or the documents incorporated by reference therein.

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          Any certificate signed by any officer of the Issuers or the Guarantors, as the case may be, and delivered to the Representatives or counsel for the Initial Purchasers in connection with the offering of the Notes shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Issuers and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, as to matters covered thereby (and is subject to the limitations therein, if any), to each Initial Purchaser.
          2. Purchase of the Securities by the Initial Purchasers. On the basis of the representations and warranties contained in, and subject to the terms and conditions of, this Agreement, the Issuers agree to sell the Securities to the several Initial Purchasers, and each of the Initial Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Issuers, the aggregate principal amount of the Securities set forth opposite the respective names of the Initial Purchasers on Schedule 1 hereto, at a purchase price equal to 92.581% of the principal amount thereof. The Issuers shall not be obligated to deliver any of the Securities except upon payment for all the Securities to be purchased on the Closing Date as provided herein.
          3. Delivery of and Payment for the Notes.
     (a) Delivery of and payment for the Notes shall be made at the offices of Baker & Hostetler LLP, 1000 Louisiana, Suite 2000, Houston, Texas 77002, at 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the fourth full business day following the date of this Agreement or at such other date or place as shall be determined by agreement between the Representatives and the Company (the “Closing Date”).
     (b) Delivery of the Notes will be made to the Representatives by or on behalf of the Issuers against payment of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of immediately available funds. Delivery of the Notes will be made through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) unless the Representatives will otherwise instruct. Delivery of the Notes at the time and place specified in this Agreement is a further condition to the obligations of each Initial Purchaser.
          4. Offering by Initial Purchasers. Each Initial Purchaser, severally and not jointly, represents and warrants to and agrees with the Company that:
     (a) It has not offered or sold, and will not offer or sell, any Securities, except (i) within the United States, to those persons it reasonably believes to be “qualified institutional buyers” within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act (a “Qualified Institutional Buyer”) and that, in connection with each such sale, it has taken or will take reasonable steps to ensure that the purchaser of such Securities is aware that such sale is being made in reliance on Rule 144A or (ii) in accordance with the restrictions set forth in Schedule 4 attached hereto.
     (b) It is a Qualified Institutional Buyer.
          5. Further Agreements of the Issuers, the Guarantors. Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors agrees:
     (a) Until the later of (x) the completion of the placement of the Securities by the Initial Purchasers with the Subsequent Purchasers and (y) the Closing Date, prior to

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amending or supplementing the Offering Memorandum, to furnish to the Initial Purchasers for review a copy of each such proposed amendment or supplement, and the Company shall not use any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representatives reasonably object (for the avoidance of doubt, this provision shall not apply to any periodic report required to be filed by the Company under the Exchange Act with respect to matters unrelated to the Securities). Before making, preparing, using, authorizing, approving or distributing any Additional Written Communication, the Company will furnish to the Initial Purchasers a copy of such written communication for review and will not make, prepare, use, authorize, approve or distribute any such written communication to which the Representatives reasonably object, unless required by law. Any such Additional Written Communication in addition to the road show slides relating to the offering of the Securities and made available on www.netroadshow.com between May 11, 2009 and May 12, 2009, the use of which has been consented to by the Representatives at or prior to the date hereof, is listed on Schedule 5 attached hereto.
     (b) To advise the Initial Purchasers promptly (i) of the issuance by any governmental or regulatory authority of any order preventing or suspending the use of the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose; (ii) of the occurrence of any event at any time prior to the completion of the initial offering of the Securities as a result of which the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum, as then amended or supplemented, would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and (iii) of the receipt by any of the Issuers or Guarantors of any notice with respect to any suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offer and sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; and the Issuers and Guarantors will use their respective reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such order preventing or suspending the use of the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum or suspending any such qualification of the Securities and, if any such order is issued, will use their respective reasonable best efforts to obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal thereof.
     (c) If, prior to the completion of the placement of the Securities by the Initial Purchasers with the Subsequent Purchasers, any event shall occur or condition exist as a result of which, in the judgment of any of the Issuers or in the opinion of counsel for the Initial Purchasers, it is necessary to amend or supplement the Offering Memorandum in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading or it is otherwise necessary to amend or supplement the Offering Memorandum to comply with law, to promptly (i) notify the Initial Purchasers of any such event, if applicable, (ii) subject to Section 5(a) above, prepare an amendment or supplement that corrects any such statement or omission or effects such compliance with law and (iii) supply a reasonable number of copies of any such amended or supplemented Offering Memorandum to the Initial Purchasers and counsel for the Initial Purchasers without charge.
     (d) To furnish the Initial Purchasers, without charge, as many copies of the Pricing Disclosure Package, the Offering Memorandum, any amendments and

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supplements thereto and any documents incorporated by reference therein as they shall have reasonably requested.
     (e) To cooperate with the Initial Purchasers and counsel for the Initial Purchasers to qualify or register (or to obtain exemptions from qualifying or registering) all or any part of the Securities for offer and sale under the securities laws of the several states of the United States and any other jurisdictions reasonably designated by the Initial Purchasers, shall comply with such laws and shall continue such qualifications, registrations and exemptions in effect for so long as required for the distribution of the Securities; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign limited liability company or to take any other action that would subject it to general service of process in any jurisdiction (except service of process with respect to the offering and sale of the Securities) where it is not presently qualified or where it would be subject to taxation as a foreign limited liability company. The Company will advise the Initial Purchasers promptly of the suspension of the qualification or registration of (or any such exemption relating to) the Securities for offering, sale or trading in any jurisdiction or any initiation or threat of any proceeding for any such purpose, and in the event of the issuance of any order suspending such qualification, registration or exemption, each of the Issuers and the Guarantors shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest possible moment.
     (f) Promptly from time to time to take such action as the Representatives may reasonably request to qualify the Notes and Guarantees for offering and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein in such jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the distribution of the Notes; provided that in connection therewith the Issuers and the Guarantors shall not be required to (i) qualify as a foreign entity in any jurisdiction in which it would not otherwise be required to so qualify, (ii) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction or (iii) subject itself to taxation in any jurisdiction in which it would not otherwise be subject.
     (g) During the period of 60 days from the date hereof, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., on behalf of the Initial Purchasers, not to directly or indirectly, issue, offer, sell, agree to issue, offer or sell, solicit offers to purchase, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or duties which is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the disposition by any person at any time in the future) any debt securities of the Company or any subsidiary with terms substantially similar (including having equal rank) to the Notes (other than the Notes).
     (h) To apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes as set forth in the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum.
     (i) To use its reasonable efforts in cooperation with the Initial Purchasers to permit the Notes to be eligible for clearance and settlement through the facilities of the Depositary.

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     (j) To not, and to use its reasonable best efforts to cause its affiliates not to, take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed to or which constitutes or which might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Issuers or the Guarantors to facilitate the sale or resale of the Notes or Guarantees and neither the Issuers, the Guarantors nor any of its affiliated purchasers (as defined in Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act) will take any action prohibited by Regulation M under the Exchange Act.
     (k) To use its commercially reasonable efforts to do and perform all things required to be done or performed under this Agreement by the Issuers and the Guarantors prior to the Closing Date to satisfy all conditions precedent to the delivery of the Securities.
     (l) To take all reasonable action necessary to enable Standard & Poor’s Corporation and Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. to provide their respective credit ratings on the Company’s outstanding senior debt, including for this purpose, the issuance of the Securities and the Exchange Securities.
     (m) To not, and to use its reasonable best efforts to cause its affiliates not to, make any offer or sale of securities of the Company of any class if, as a result of the doctrine of “integration” referred to in Rule 502 under the Securities Act, such offer or sale would render invalid (for the purpose of (i) the sale of the Securities by the Company to the Initial Purchasers, (ii) the resale of the Securities by the Initial Purchasers to Subsequent Purchasers or (iii) the resale of the Securities by such Subsequent Purchasers to others) the exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act provided by Section 4(2) thereof or by Rule 144A or by Regulation S or otherwise.
     (n) To cause each certificate for a Note to bear the legend contained in “Notice to Investors” in the Offering Memorandum for the time period and upon the other terms stated in the Offering Memorandum, but not for longer than 365 days from the Closing Date.
     (o) To use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Notes to be eligible for the PORTAL Market.
     (p) During the one-year period after the Closing Date, to not, and to not permit any of its “affiliates” (as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act) to, resell any of the Notes that constitute “restricted securities” under Rule 144 that have been reacquired by any of them.
          6. Expenses. The Issuers and the Guarantors jointly and severally, agree, whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, to pay all costs, expenses, fees and taxes incident to and in connection with (a) the preparation and printing of certificates for the Notes; (b) the preparation and printing of the Offering Memorandum and the Pricing Disclosure Package and any amendment or supplement thereto, this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Indenture, the DTC Agreement, the Securities and the Exchange Securities; (c) the distribution of the Offering

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Memorandum and the Pricing Disclosure Package and any amendment or supplement thereto, or any document incorporated by reference therein, all as provided in this Agreement; (d) the qualification of the Notes and Guarantees under the securities laws of the several jurisdictions as provided in Section 5(f) (including related reasonable and documented fees and expenses of counsel to the Initial Purchasers); (e) the Trustee, any agent of the Trustee, the counsel for the Trustee in connection with the Indenture, the Securities and the Exchange Securities; (f) the approval of the Notes by DTC for “book-entry” transfer; (g)  the rating of the Securities or the Exchange Securities and the listing of the Securities with the PORTAL Market; (h) investor presentations on any “road show” undertaken in connection with the marketing of the offering of the Notes, including, without limitation, expenses associated with the production of road show slides and graphics, fees and expenses of any consultants engaged in connection with the road show presentations with the prior approval of the Company, travel and lodging expenses of the representatives and officers of the Company and any such consultants and one-half the cost of any aircraft chartered in connection with the road show; (i) the preparation, printing and distribution of one or more versions of the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum for distribution in Canada, often in the form of a Canadian “wrapper” (including the preparation of any related Canadian blue sky memorandum and the related reasonable fees and expenses of Canadian counsel to the Initial Purchasers); and (j)  the performance of the obligations of the Issuers and the Guarantors under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. The Issuers and the Guarantors shall not be required to pay for any of the Initial Purchasers’ costs and expenses (other than as set forth above), including, without limitation, (i) the fees and expenses of counsel to the Initial Purchasers (other than as set forth above), (ii) the “roadshow” expenses of the Initial Purchasers and (iii) the advertising expenses of the Initial Purchasers incurred in connection with the offering of the Securities.
          7. Conditions of Initial Purchasers’ Obligations. The respective obligations of the Initial Purchasers hereunder are subject to the accuracy, when made and on the Closing Date, of the representations and warranties of the Issuers and the Guarantors contained herein, to the performance by the Issuers and the Guarantors of their respective obligations hereunder, and to each of the following additional terms and conditions:
     (a) The Initial Purchasers shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the Closing Date that the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum or any amendment or supplement thereto contains an untrue statement of a fact that, in the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, is material or omits to state a fact that, in the opinion of such counsel, is material and is necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
     (b) All corporate proceedings and other legal matters incident to the authorization, form and validity of this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Indenture, the Securities, the Exchange Securities, the Offering Memorandum and the Pricing Disclosure Package, and all other legal matters relating to this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Indenture, the Securities, the Exchange Securities and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby shall be reasonably satisfactory in all material respects to counsel for the Initial Purchasers, and the Company shall have

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furnished to such counsel all documents and information that they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.
     (c) Baker & Hostetler LLP shall have furnished to the Representatives its written opinion, as counsel to the Issuers, addressed to the Initial Purchasers and dated the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B. GableGotwals, shall have furnished to the Representatives its written opinion, as special Oklahoma counsel to the Issuers, addressed to the Initial Purchasers and dated the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C. Charlene Ripley, General Counsel of the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives her written opinion, addressed to the Initial Purchasers and dated the Closing Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.
     (d) The Representatives shall have received from Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, counsel for the Initial Purchasers, such opinion or opinions, dated the Closing Date, with respect to the issuance and sale of the Securities, the Offering Memorandum and the Pricing Disclosure Package and other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably require, and the Issuers and the Guarantors shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters.
     (e) At the time of execution of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received from KPMG LLP a letter, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, addressed to the Initial Purchasers and dated the date hereof (i) confirming that they are independent registered public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and are in compliance with the applicable requirements relating to the qualification of accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Commission, and (ii) stating, as of the date hereof (or, with respect to matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of which specified financial information is given in the Pricing Disclosure Package, as of a date not more than three days prior to the date hereof), the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters in connection with registered public offerings.
     (f) With respect to the letter of KPMG LLP referred to in the preceding paragraph and delivered to the Representatives concurrently with the execution of this Agreement (the “initial letter”), the Company shall have furnished to the Representatives a letter (the “bring-down letter”) of such accountants, addressed to the Initial Purchasers and dated the Closing Date (i) confirming that they are independent registered public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and are in compliance with the applicable requirements relating to the qualification of accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Commission, (ii) stating, as of the date of the bring-down letter (or, with respect to matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of which specified financial information is given in the Offering Memorandum, as of a date not more than three days prior to the date of the bring-down letter), the conclusions

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and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters covered by the initial letter and (iii) confirming in all material respects the conclusions and findings set forth in the initial letter.
     (g) At the time of execution of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received from DeGolyer and MacNaughton a letter, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, addressed to the Initial Purchasers and dated the date hereof covering certain matters relating to information about the reserves of the Company presented in the Pricing Disclosure Package.
     (h) Each Issuer and each Guarantor shall have furnished to the Representatives a certificate, dated the Closing Date, of each Issuer’s and each Guarantor’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer (or, in the case of any Guarantor that does not have officers holding such positions or positions of similar authority, of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the immediate or ultimate parent of such entity on behalf of such entity) stating that each of them severally represents that:
          (i) The representations, warranties and agreements of the Issuers and the Guarantors in Section 1 are true and correct on and as of the Closing Date, and the Company and the Guarantors have complied with all of their respective agreements contained herein in all material respects and satisfied all the conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to the Closing Date;
          (ii) He or she has carefully examined the Offering Memorandum and the Pricing Disclosure Package, and, in his or her opinion, (A) the Offering Memorandum, as of its date and on the Closing Date, and the Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Time of Sale, did not and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact and did not and do not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (B) since the date of such documents, no event has occurred that should have been set forth in a supplement or amendment to the Offering Memorandum or the Pricing Disclosure Package that has not been so set forth; and
          (iii) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Offering Memorandum and the Pricing Disclosure Package, there has not been any development that resulted in a Material Adverse Effect or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business.
     (i) Except as described in the Pricing Disclosure Package, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Pricing Disclosure Package, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or

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governmental action, order or decree, and since such date, there has not been any change in the capitalization or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any adverse change, or any development involving a prospective adverse change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, members’ equity, properties, management, business or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case except as could not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
     (j) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded the Company’s or any of its subsidiaries’ debt securities or preferred stock by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization” (as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) of the Securities Act), and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Company’s or any of its subsidiaries’ debt securities or preferred stock.
     (k) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE Amex Equities, the Nasdaq Stock Market or in the over-the-counter market shall have been suspended or materially limited or the settlement of such trading generally shall have been materially disrupted or minimum prices shall have been established on any such exchange or such market by the Commission, by such exchange or by any other regulatory body or governmental authority having jurisdiction, (ii) trading in any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market shall have been suspended or materially limited, (iii) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities, (iv) the United States shall have become engaged in hostilities, there shall have been an escalation in hostilities involving the United States or there shall have been a declaration of a national emergency or war by the United States or (v) there shall have occurred such a material adverse change in general economic, political or financial conditions, including, without limitation, as a result of terrorist activities after the date hereof (or the effect of international conditions on the financial markets in the United States shall be such), as to make it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or delivery of the Notes being delivered on such Closing Date on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Offering Memorandum.
     (l) At the Closing Date, the Notes shall have been designated for trading on the PORTAL Market.
     (m) The Issuers and the Guarantors shall have entered into the Registration Rights Agreement and the Initial Purchasers or their counsel shall have received executed counterparts thereof.
     (n) The Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee shall have executed and delivered the Indenture, and the Initial Purchasers or their counsel shall have received an

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executed counterpart thereof, duly executed by the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Trustee.
     (o) The Issuers and the Guarantors shall have furnished the Representatives and counsel to the Initial Purchasers with such other certificates, opinions or other documents as they may have reasonably requested.
     (p) Mid Atlantic Well Service, Inc. shall have been released from its obligations as a guarantor under the Old Indenture.
          All opinions, letters, evidence and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in all material respects reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Initial Purchasers.
          8. Indemnification and Contribution.
     (a) Each of the Issuers and the Guarantors, jointly and severally, shall indemnify and hold harmless each Initial Purchaser, its directors, officers and employees and each person, if any, who controls any Initial Purchaser within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and each affiliate of any Initial Purchaser within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim, damage or liability, joint or several, or any action in respect thereof (including, but not limited to, any loss, claim, damage, liability or action relating to purchases and sales of Notes and Guarantees), to which that Initial Purchaser, director, officer, employee or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum, the Pricing Supplement, any Additional Written Communication or the Offering Memorandum or in any amendment or supplement thereto, or (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum, the Pricing Supplement, any Additional Written Communication or the Offering Memorandum or in any amendment or supplement thereto any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and shall reimburse each Initial Purchaser and each such director, officer, employee or controlling person promptly upon demand for any legal or other out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred by that Initial Purchaser, director, officer, employee or controlling person in connection with investigating or defending or preparing to defend against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Issuers and the Guarantors shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum, the Pricing Supplement, any Additional Written Communication or the Offering Memorandum in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Initial Purchaser specifically for inclusion therein, which information consists solely of the information specified in Section 8(e). The foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition

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to any liability which the Issuers or the Guarantors may otherwise have to any Initial Purchaser or to any director, officer, employee or controlling person of that Initial Purchaser.
     (b) Each Initial Purchaser, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and hold harmless each Issuer, each of the Guarantors and their respective directors, officers and employees, and each person, if any, who controls the Issuers or the Guarantors, as the case may be, within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim, damage or liability, joint or several, or any action in respect thereof, to which the Issuers, the Guarantors or any such director, officer, employee or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum, the Pricing Supplement, any Additional Written Communication or the Offering Memorandum or in any amendment or supplement thereto, or (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum, the Pricing Supplement, any Additional Written Communication or the Offering Memorandum or in any amendment or supplement thereto, any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, but in each case only to the extent that the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of that Initial Purchaser specifically for inclusion therein, which information is limited to the information set forth in Section 8(e). The foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition to any liability that any Initial Purchaser may otherwise have to the Issuers, any Guarantor and any such director, officer, employee or controlling person.
     (c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 8 of notice of any claim or the commencement of any action, the indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this Section 8, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the claim or the commencement of that action; provided, however, that the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have under this Section 8 except to the extent it has been materially prejudiced by such failure and, provided, further, that the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to an indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 8. If any such claim or action shall be brought against an indemnified party, and it shall notify the indemnifying party thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with any other similarly notified indemnifying party, to assume the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. After notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense of such claim or action, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to the indemnified party under this Section 8 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however, that the indemnified party shall have the right to employ counsel to represent jointly the indemnified party and those

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other indemnified parties and their respective directors, officers, employees and controlling persons who may be subject to liability arising out of any claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought under this Section 8 if (i) the indemnified party and the indemnifying party shall have so mutually agreed; (ii) the indemnifying party has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; (iii) the indemnified party and its directors, officers, employees and controlling persons shall have reasonably concluded that there may be legal defenses available to them that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party; or (iv) the named parties in any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the indemnified parties or their respective directors, officers, employees or controlling persons, on the one hand, and the indemnifying party, on the other hand, and representation of both sets of parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them, and in any such event the fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be paid by the indemnifying party. No indemnifying party shall (i) without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such claim or action) unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding and does not include any findings of fact or admissions of fault or culpability as to the indemnified party, or (ii) be liable for any settlement of any such action effected without its written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), but if settled with the consent of the indemnifying party or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff in any such action, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify and hold harmless any indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment.
     (d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 shall for any reason be unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under Section 8(a) or 8(b) in respect of any loss, claim, damage or liability, or any action in respect thereof, referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, (i) in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Initial Purchasers, on the other, from the offering of the Notes and Guarantees or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Initial Purchasers, on the other, with respect to the statements or omissions that resulted in such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Initial Purchasers, on the other, with respect to such offering shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering of the Notes purchased under

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this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the total purchase discounts and commissions received by the Initial Purchasers with respect to the Notes purchased under this Agreement, on the other hand, bears to the total gross proceeds from the offering of the Notes under this Agreement. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Issuers, the Guarantors or the Initial Purchasers, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. For purposes of the preceding two sentences, the net proceeds deemed to be received by the Issuers shall be deemed to be also for the benefit of the Guarantors, and information supplied by the Issuers shall also be deemed to have been supplied by the Guarantors. The Issuers, the Guarantors and the Initial Purchasers agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 8(d) were to be determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Initial Purchasers were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 8(d) shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 8(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 8(d), no Initial Purchaser shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes purchased by it exceeds the amount of any damages that such Initial Purchaser has otherwise paid or become liable to pay by reason of any untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Initial Purchasers’ obligations to contribute as provided in this Section 8(d) are several in proportion to their respective purchase obligations and not joint.
     (e) The Initial Purchasers severally confirm and the Issuers and the Guarantors acknowledge and agree that the statement regarding delivery of Notes by the Initial Purchasers set forth on the cover page of, and the third, ninth and tenth paragraphs appearing under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in, the Pricing Disclosure Package and the Offering Memorandum are correct and constitute the only information concerning such Initial Purchasers furnished in writing to any Issuer or any Guarantor by or on behalf of the Initial Purchasers specifically for inclusion in the Preliminary Offering Memorandum, the Pricing Supplement, any Additional Written Communication or the Offering Memorandum or in any amendment or supplement thereto.
          9. Defaulting Initial Purchasers. If, on the Closing Date, any Initial Purchaser defaults in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, the remaining non-defaulting Initial Purchasers shall be obligated to purchase the Securities that the defaulting Initial Purchaser agreed but failed to purchase on the Closing Date in the respective proportions which the principal amount of the Securities set forth opposite the name of each remaining non-defaulting Initial Purchaser in Schedule 1 hereto bears to the total principal amount of the

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Securities set forth opposite the names of all the remaining non-defaulting Initial Purchasers in Schedule 1 hereto; provided, however, that the remaining non-defaulting Initial Purchasers shall not be obligated to purchase any of the Securities on the Closing Date if the total principal amount of the Securities that the defaulting Initial Purchaser or Initial Purchasers agreed but failed to purchase on such date exceeds 10.0% of the total principal amount of the Securities to be purchased on the Closing Date, and any remaining non-defaulting Initial Purchaser shall not be obligated to purchase more than 110.0% of the principal amount of the Securities that it agreed to purchase on the Closing Date pursuant to the terms of Section 2. If the foregoing maximums are exceeded, the remaining non-defaulting Initial Purchasers, or those other initial purchasers satisfactory to the Representatives who so agree, shall have the right, but shall not be obligated, to purchase, in such proportion as may be agreed upon among them, all the Securities to be purchased on the Closing Date. If the remaining Initial Purchasers or other initial purchasers satisfactory to the Representatives do not elect to purchase the Securities that the defaulting Initial Purchaser or Initial Purchasers agreed but failed to purchase on the Closing Date, this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Initial Purchaser, the Issuers or the Guarantors, except that the Issuers and Guarantors will continue to be liable for the payment of expenses to the extent set forth in Section 6. As used in this Agreement, the term “Initial Purchaser” includes, for all purposes of this Agreement unless the context requires otherwise, any party not listed in Schedule 1 hereto that, pursuant to this Section 9, purchases Securities that a defaulting Initial Purchaser agreed but failed to purchase.
          Nothing contained herein shall relieve a defaulting Initial Purchaser of any liability it may have to the Issuers or Guarantors for damages caused by its default. If other Initial Purchasers are obligated or agree to purchase the Securities of a defaulting or withdrawing Initial Purchaser, either the Representatives or the Company may postpone the Closing Date for up to seven full business days in order to effect any changes that in the opinion of counsel for the Company or counsel for the Initial Purchasers may be necessary in the Pricing Disclosure Package or the Offering Memorandum or in any other document or arrangement.
          10. Termination. The obligations of the Initial Purchasers hereunder may be terminated by the Representatives by notice given to and received by the Company prior to delivery of and payment for the Securities if, prior to that time, any of the events described in Sections 7(i), 7(j) and 7(k) shall have occurred or if the Initial Purchasers shall decline to purchase the Securities for any reason permitted under this Agreement.
          11. Reimbursement of Initial Purchasers’ Expenses. If the Issuers shall fail to tender the Securities for delivery to the Initial Purchasers (i) by reason of any failure, refusal or inability of the Issuers or the Guarantors to perform any agreement on their respective parts to be performed, (ii) because any other condition to the Initial Purchasers’ obligations hereunder required to be fulfilled by any of the Issuers or the Guarantors is not fulfilled for any reason or (iii) because the Initial Purchasers shall decline to purchase the Securities for any reason permitted under this Agreement, the Issuers will reimburse the Initial Purchasers for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred by the Initial Purchasers in connection with this Agreement and the proposed purchase of the Securities, and upon demand the Issuers shall pay the full amount thereof to the Representatives; provided, however, that if this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 7(k) (other than due to Section 7(k)(ii)) or pursuant to Section 9 by reason of the default of one or

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more Initial Purchasers, the Issuers shall not be obligated to reimburse any Initial Purchaser on account of those expenses.
          12. Offer, Sale and Resale Procedures. Each of the Initial Purchasers, on the one hand, and each of the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the other hand, hereby agrees that it has observed and will observe the following procedures in connection with the offer and sale of the Securities:
     (a) Offers and sales of the Securities will be made only by the Initial Purchasers or Affiliates thereof qualified to do so in the jurisdictions in which such offers or sales are made. Each such offer or sale shall only be made to persons whom the offeror or seller reasonably believes to be Qualified Institutional Buyers or non-U.S. persons outside the United States to whom the offeror or seller reasonably believes offers and sales of the Securities may be made in reliance upon Regulation S upon the terms and conditions set forth in Schedule 4 attached hereto, which Schedule 4 is hereby expressly made a part hereof.
     (b) The Securities will be offered by approaching prospective Subsequent Purchasers on an individual basis. No general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Rule 502 under the Securities Act) will be used in the United States in connection with the offering of the Securities.
     (c) Upon original issuance by the Company, and until such time as the same is no longer required under the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Notes (and all securities issued in exchange therefor or in substitution thereof, other than the Exchange Notes) shall bear the following legend and such other legends as the Initial Purchasers and their counsel shall deem necessary:
“THE NOTES EVIDENCED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NEITHER SUCH NOTES NOR ANY INTEREST OR PARTICIPATION HEREIN MAY BE OFFERED, SOLD, ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED, ENCUMBERED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR UNLESS SUCH TRANSACTION IS EXEMPT FROM, OR NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. THE HOLDER OF ANY NOTE EVIDENCED HEREBY BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF (1) REPRESENTS THAT (A) IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) OR (B) IT IS NOT A U.S. PERSON AND IS ACQUIRING SUCH NOTE IN AN “OFFSHORE TRANSACTION” PURSUANT TO RULE 904 OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT, PRIOR TO THE DATE WHICH IS ONE YEAR AFTER THE LATER OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE HEREOF (OR OF ANY PREDECESSOR OF SUCH NOTE) OR THE LAST DAY ON WHICH THE COMPANY OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE COMPANY WERE THE OWNERS OF SUCH NOTE (OR ANY PREDECESSOR OF SUCH

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NOTE) (THE “RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE”), OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER SUCH NOTE EXCEPT (A) TO AN ISSUER OR ANY SUBSIDIARY THEREOF, (B) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (C) FOR SO LONG AS THE NOTES ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT (“RULE 144A”), TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (D) PURSUANT TO OFFERS AND SALES TO NON-U.S. PERSONS THAT OCCUR OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (E) PURSUANT TO RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (F) PURSUANT TO ANOTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM SUCH NOTE IS TRANSFERRED PRIOR TO THE RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND, SUBJECT TO THE ISSUERS’ AND THE TRUSTEE’S RIGHT PRIOR TO ANY SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER (i) THAT IS (A) PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (2)(D) PRIOR TO THE END OF THE 40 DAY DISTRIBUTION COMPLIANCE PERIOD WITHIN THE MEANING OF REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (B) PURSUANT TO CLAUSE (2)(F) PRIOR TO THE RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE TO REQUIRE THE DELIVERY OF AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, CERTIFICATION AND/OR OTHER INFORMATION SATISFACTORY TO EACH OF THEM, AND (ii) IN EACH OF THE FOREGOING CASES IN CLAUSES (i)(A) OR (B), TO REQUIRE THAT A CERTIFICATE OF TRANSFER IN THE FORM APPEARING ON THIS NOTE IS COMPLETED AND DELIVERED BY THE TRANSFEROR TO THE TRUSTEE. THIS LEGEND WILL BE REMOVED AS TO ANY NOTE EVIDENCED HEREBY UPON DELIVERY TO THE TRUSTEE BY THE COMPANY OR THE HOLDER THEREOF OF A WRITTEN REQUEST FOR THE REMOVAL HEREOF, IN ANY CASE AT ANY TIME AFTER THE RESALE RESTRICTION TERMINATION DATE. AS USED HEREIN, THE TERMS “OFFSHORE TRANSACTION,” “UNITED STATES” AND “U.S. PERSON” HAVE THE MEANINGS GIVEN TO THEM BY REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.”
     Following the sale of the Securities by the Initial Purchasers to Subsequent Purchasers pursuant to the terms hereof, the Initial Purchasers shall not be liable or responsible to the Company for any losses, damages or liabilities suffered or incurred by the Company, including any losses, damages or liabilities under the Securities Act, arising from or relating to any resale or transfer of any Security.

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          13. Research Analyst Independence. The Issuers and the Guarantors acknowledge that the Initial Purchasers’ research analysts and research departments are required to be independent from their respective investment banking divisions and are subject to certain regulations and internal policies, and that such Initial Purchasers’ research analysts may hold views and make statements or investment recommendations and/or publish research reports with respect to the Issuers, the Guarantors and/or the offering that differ from the views of their respective investment banking divisions. The Issuers and the Guarantors hereby waive and release, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that any Issuer or any of the Guarantors may have against the Initial Purchasers with respect to any conflict of interest that may arise from the fact that the views expressed by their independent research analysts and research departments may be different from or inconsistent with the views or advice communicated to the Issuers or the Guarantors by such Initial Purchasers’ investment banking divisions. The Issuers and the Guarantors acknowledge that each of the Initial Purchasers is a full service securities firm and as such from time to time, subject to applicable securities laws, may effect transactions for its own account or the account of its customers and hold long or short positions in debt or equity securities of the Company.
          14. No Fiduciary Duty. The Issuers and the Guarantors hereby acknowledge that (a) the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Issuers and the Guarantors, on the one hand, and the Initial Purchasers and any Affiliate through which they may be acting, on the other, (b) the Initial Purchasers are acting as principal and not as an agent or fiduciary of the Issuers or the Guarantors and (c) the Issuers and the Guarantors’ engagement of the Initial Purchasers in connection with the offering and the process leading up to the offering is as independent contractors and not in any other capacity. Furthermore, the Issuers and the Guarantors agree that they are solely responsible for making their own judgments in connection with the offering (irrespective of whether any of the Initial Purchasers has advised or is currently advising the Issuers or the Guarantors on related or other matters). The Issuers and the Guarantors agree that they will not claim that the Initial Purchasers have rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owe an agency, fiduciary or similar duty to the Issuers or the Guarantors, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto.
          15. Notices, Etc. All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and:
     (a) if to the Initial Purchasers, shall be delivered or sent by mail or facsimile transmission to: Citigroup Global Markets Inc., 388 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10013, Attention: General Counsel (Fax: 212-816-7912); and
     (b) if to the Issuers, shall be delivered or sent by mail or facsimile transmission to Linn Energy, LLC, 600 Travis Street, Suite 5100, Houston, Texas 77002, Attention: General Counsel, Fax: 281-840-4180.
Any such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect at the time of receipt thereof. The Issuers shall be entitled to act and rely upon any request, consent, notice or agreement given or made on behalf of the Initial Purchasers by the Representatives.

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          16. Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Initial Purchasers, the Issuers, the Guarantors and their respective successors. This Agreement and the terms and provisions hereof are for the sole benefit of only those persons, except that (A) the representations, warranties, indemnities and agreements of the Issuers and the Guarantors contained in this Agreement shall also be deemed to be for the benefit of the directors, officers and employees of the Initial Purchasers and each person or persons, if any, who control any Initial Purchaser within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and (B) the indemnity agreement of the Initial Purchasers contained in Section 8(b) of this Agreement shall be deemed to be for the benefit of the directors of the Issuers and the Guarantors and any person controlling the Issuers or the Guarantors within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, other than the persons referred to in this Section 16, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision contained herein.
          17. Survival. The respective indemnities, representations, warranties and agreements of the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Initial Purchasers contained in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall survive the delivery of and payment for the Notes and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any of them or any person controlling any of them.
          18. Definition of the Terms “Business Day” and “Subsidiary”. For purposes of this Agreement, (a) “business day” means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday or Friday that is not a day on which banking institutions in New York are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close and (b) “subsidiary” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405.
          19. Partial Enforceability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement is, for any reason, determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable and to effect the original intent of the parties hereto.
          20. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the conflicts of law rules thereof.
          21. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts and, if executed in more than one counterpart, the executed counterparts shall each be deemed to be an original but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.
          22. Headings. The headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement.

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          23. Amendments; Waivers. This Agreement may only be amended or modified in writing, signed by all of the parties hereto, and no condition herein (express or implied) may be waived unless waived in writing by each party whom the condition is meant to benefit.
[Signature Pages Follow]

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     If the foregoing correctly sets forth the agreement among the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Initial Purchasers, please indicate your acceptance in the space provided for that purpose below.
         
  Very truly yours,


ISSUERS


Linn Energy, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Linn Energy Finance Corp.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  GUARANTORS


Linn Energy Holdings, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Penn West Pipeline, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
[Signature Page to Purchase Agreement]

 


 

         
  Mid-Continent Holdings I, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Mid-Continent Holdings II, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Mid-Continent I, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Linn Gas Marketing, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Mid-Continent II, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
  Linn Exploration Midcontinent, LLC
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
[Signature Page to Purchase Agreement]

 


 

         
  Linn Operating, Inc.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Kolja Rockov  
    Name:   Kolja Rockov   
    Title:   Executive Vice President and  
    Chief Financial Officer   
 
[Signature Page to Purchase Agreement]

 

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