12 – VOYAGE REVENUE

Total voyage revenue includes revenue earned on fixed rate time charters, spot market voyage charters and spot market-related time charters, as well as the sale of bunkers consumed during short-term time charters. For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company earned $103,776 and $92,263 of voyage revenue, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company earned $280,790 and $255,336 of voyage revenue, respectively.

Revenue for spot market voyage charters is recognized ratably over the total transit time of the voyage which begins when the vessel arrives at the loading port and ends at the time the discharge of cargo is completed at the discharge port in accordance with ASC 606. Spot market voyage charter agreements do not provide the charterers with substantive decision-making rights to direct how and for what purpose the vessel is used, therefore revenue from spot market voyage charters is not within the scope of ASC 842. Additionally, the Company has identified that the contract fulfillment costs of spot market voyage charters consist primarily of the fuel consumption that is incurred by the Company from the latter of the end of the previous vessel employment and the contract date until the arrival at the loading port in addition to any port expenses incurred prior to arrival at the load port, as well as any charter hire expenses for third-party vessels that are chartered in. The fuel consumption during this period is capitalized and recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and is amortized ratably over the total transit time of the voyage from arrival at the loading port until the vessel departs from the discharge port and expensed as part of Voyage Expenses. Refer also to Note 9 — Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets.

During time charter agreements, including fixed rate time charters and spot market-related time charters, the charterers have substantive decision-making rights to direct how and for what purpose the vessel is used. As such, the Company has identified that time charter agreements contain a lease in accordance with ASC 842. During time charter agreements, the Company is responsible for operating and maintaining the vessels. These costs are recorded as vessel operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operation. The Company has elected the practical expedient that allows the Company to combine lease and non-lease components under ASC 842 as the Company believes (1) the timing and pattern of recognizing revenues for operating the vessel is the same as the timing and pattern of recognizing vessel leasing revenue; and (2) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease.

Total voyage revenue recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations includes the following:


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Lease revenue	$	29,619	$	41,184	$	78,861	$	128,025
Spot market voyage revenue		74,157		51,079		201,929		127,311
Total voyage revenues	$	103,776	$	92,263	$	280,790	$	255,336