Income Taxes	6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	12. Income Taxes The difference between the federal statutory tax rate of 21% and our 0% tax rate is due to losses in jurisdictions from which we cannot benefit. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2019‑12 in the first quarter of 2020, as described in Note 2, intraperiod tax allocation rules required us to allocate the provision for income taxes between continuing operations and other categories of earnings, such as other comprehensive income. In periods in which we had a year-to-date pre-tax loss from continuing operations and pre-tax income in other categories of earnings, such as other comprehensive income, we had to allocate the tax provision to the other categories of earnings. We then recorded a related tax benefit in continuing operations. However, with the adoption of ASU 2019‑12, we are no longer required to allocate the tax provision to the other categories of earnings and related benefit to continuing operations under these circumstances. We recorded unrealized gains on marketable debt securities in other comprehensive income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. As a result, we recorded a tax expense of $2,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and a tax benefit of $34,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. We also recorded an increase to other comprehensive income of $0.1 million, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. No increase to other comprehensive income was recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2019. We are operating in Korea. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, there was no tax expense or benefit related to Korea. We currently file federal and state income tax returns in the U.S. and file Korean statutory tax returns. Income tax expense consists of U.S. federal, state, and Korean income taxes. To date, we have not been required to pay U.S. federal and state income taxes because of current and accumulated net operating losses. On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act. The CARES Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax breaks to strengthen the U.S. economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID‑19. While the CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID‑19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions which are expected to impact our financial statements include removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, increasing the loss carryback period for certain losses to five years, and increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Consistent with previous years, we expect to continue to generate net losses in the foreseeable future. We currently have significant federal and state deferred tax assets attributed to prior net operating losses and research and experimentation tax credits. These deferred taxes are fully reserved. As we have never generated taxable income, the CARES Act feature allowing net operating losses originating in 2018, 2019 or 2020 to be carried back five years is not expected to have a significant impact. Management does not expect any other provisions of the CARES Act to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows during 2020.

Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

12. Income Taxes

The difference between the federal statutory tax rate of 21% and our 0% tax rate is due to losses in jurisdictions from which we cannot benefit.

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2019‑12 in the first quarter of 2020, as described in Note 2, intraperiod tax allocation rules required us to allocate the provision for income taxes between continuing operations and other categories of earnings, such as other comprehensive income. In periods in which we had a year-to-date pre-tax loss from continuing operations and pre-tax income in other categories of earnings, such as other comprehensive income, we had to allocate the tax provision to the other categories of earnings. We then recorded a related tax benefit in continuing operations. However, with the adoption of ASU 2019‑12, we are no longer required to allocate the tax provision to the other categories of earnings and related benefit to continuing operations under these circumstances.

We recorded unrealized gains on marketable debt securities in other comprehensive income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. As a result, we recorded a tax expense of $2,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and a tax benefit of $34,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. We also recorded an increase to other comprehensive income of $0.1 million, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. No increase to other comprehensive income was recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2019.

We are operating in Korea. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, there was no tax expense or benefit related to Korea.

We currently file federal and state income tax returns in the U.S. and file Korean statutory tax returns. Income tax expense consists of U.S. federal, state, and Korean income taxes. To date, we have not been required to pay U.S. federal and state income taxes because of current and accumulated net operating losses.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act. The CARES Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax breaks to strengthen the U.S. economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID‑19. While the CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID‑19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions which are expected to impact our financial statements include removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, increasing the loss carryback period for certain losses to five years, and increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Consistent with previous years, we expect to continue to generate net losses in the foreseeable future. We currently have significant federal and state deferred tax assets attributed to prior net operating losses and research and experimentation tax credits. These deferred taxes are fully reserved. As we have never generated taxable income, the CARES Act feature allowing net operating losses originating in 2018, 2019 or 2020 to be carried back five years is not expected to have a significant impact. Management does not expect any other provisions of the CARES Act to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows during 2020.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

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