(6) Loans Payable

On May 28, 2010, the Company entered into the Loan Agreement with Hercules. The Loan Agreement was subsequently amended in March 2012 (the “2012 Amendment”), September 2014 (the “2014 Amendment”) and May 2016 (the “2016 Amendment”). Amounts borrowed under the 2012 Amendment were repaid in full in 2015.

Pursuant to the 2014 Amendment, the Company received additional loan proceeds from Hercules in the amount of $10.0 million and was not required to commence principal payments until May 1, 2016, with the last principal payment due on January 1, 2018. An end-of-term payment of approximately $0.5 million continues to be due on January 1, 2018 or on such earlier date if the loan is prepaid. The Company incurred approximately $0.2 million in loan issuance costs paid directly to Hercules, which were offset against the loan proceeds and are accounted for as a loan discount. The 2014 Amendment was accounted for as a loan modification in accordance with ASC 470-50, Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (“ASC 470-50”).

In connection with the 2014 Amendment, the Company issued warrants to the lenders to purchase up to 608,696 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $1.15 per share. The Company recorded the fair value of the warrants of approximately $0.4 million as stockholders’ equity and as a discount to the related loan outstanding and is amortizing the value of the discount to interest expense over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. As of December 31, 2016, none of these warrants have been exercised.

Pursuant to the 2016 Amendment, the Company received additional loan proceeds from Hercules in the amount of $5.0 million, which increased the aggregate outstanding principal balance under the Loan Agreement to $15.0 million. The Company is not required to commence principal payments on the $15 million loan until July 1, 2017, at which time the Company will be required to make 30 equal monthly payments of principal and interest through December 2019. An end-of-term payment of approximately $0.2 million is due on December 1, 2019. The Company incurred approximately $0.1 million in loan issuance costs paid directly to Hercules, which were offset against the loan proceeds and are accounted for as a loan discount. The 2016 Amendment was accounted for as a loan modification in accordance with ASC 470-50. The 2016 Amendment includes a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain an unrestricted cash position greater than or equal to $10.0 million through the date of completion of the Company’s Phase 3 TIVO-3 trial. Because the Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at December 31, 2016, the Company has classified the outstanding principal in current and long-term liabilities based on the timing of scheduled principal payments. Refer to Note 1 for the potential adverse consequences of not complying with the financial covenant in future periods.

Under the 2016 Amendment, from March 1, 2017 through June 30, 2017, the Company may draw down an additional $5.0 million in funding upon the satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) achieving developmental progression satisfactory to Hercules on a minimum of two (2) clinical programs (other than the Phase 3 TIVO-3 trial) that are either managed directly by the Company or funded, in whole or in part, by the Company and (ii) having an unrestricted cash position greater than or equal to $25.0 million on the date of the draw down request. If the Company draws down the additional $5.0 million in funding, the commencement of principal payments on the aggregate $20.0 million loan balance will be deferred by six months from July 1, 2017 until January 1, 2018.

In connection with the 2016 Amendment, the Company issued warrants to Hercules to purchase up to 1,202,117 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $0.87 per share. The Company recorded the fair value of the warrants of approximately $0.7 million as a component of stockholders’ equity and as a discount to the related loan outstanding and is amortizing the value of the discount to interest expense over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. As of December 31, 2016, none of these warrants have been exercised.

The unamortized discount to be recognized over the remainder of the loan period was approximately $1.0 million and $0.5 million as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The Company must make interest payments on the loan balance each month it remains outstanding. Per annum interest is payable on the principal balance of the loan each month it remains outstanding at the greater of 11.9% and an amount equal to 11.9% plus the prime rate minus 4.75% as determined daily, provided however, that the per annum interest rate shall not exceed 15.0% (11.9% as of December 31, 2016).

As part of the Loan Agreement, Hercules also received an option, subject to the Company’s written consent, not to be unreasonably withheld, to purchase, either with cash or through conversion of outstanding principal under the loan, up to $2.0 million of equity of the Company sold in any sale by the Company to third parties of equity securities resulting in at least $10.0 million in net cash proceeds to the Company, subject to certain exceptions. The Company has evaluated the embedded conversion option, and has concluded that it does not need to be bifurcated and separately accounted for. No amount will be recognized for the conversion feature until such time as the conversion feature is exercised and it can be determined whether a beneficial conversion feature exists. In connection with the Company’s May 2016 private placement (refer to Note 7), Hercules purchased 259,067 units for cash proceeds of $0.2 million to the Company. This purchase was separate from the $2.0 million equity purchase option under the Loan Agreement.

The loans are secured by a lien on all the Company’s personal property (other than intellectual property), whether owned or acquired after the date of the Loan Agreement. The Loan Agreement defines events of default, including the occurrence of an event that results in a material adverse effect upon the Company’s business operations, properties, assets or condition (financial or otherwise), its ability to perform its obligations or upon the ability of the lenders to enforce any of their rights or remedies with respect to such obligations, or upon the collateral under the Loan Agreement, the related liens or the priority thereof. As of December 31, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all loan covenants, Hercules has not asserted any events of default and the Company does not believe that there has been a material adverse change as defined in the loan agreement.

The Company has determined that the risk of subjective acceleration under the material adverse events clause is remote and therefore has classified the outstanding principal in current and long-term liabilities based on the timing of scheduled principal payments.

Future minimum payments under the loans payable outstanding as of December 31, 2016 are as follows (amounts in thousands):

Year Ending December 31:
2017	$	4,386
2018		7,506
2019		7,159
		19,051
Less amount representing interest		(3,361	)
Less unamortized discount		(997	)
Less deferred charges		(690	)
Less loans payable current, net of discount		(2,124	)
Loans payable, net of current portion and discount	$	11,879