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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Income Tax Expense

The components of income tax expense are as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Income (loss) before income taxes

        

Domestic

   $ (22,146    $ (6,127    $ (2,634

Foreign

     (93,563      (54,106      125,519   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (115,709    $ (60,233    $ 122,885   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current income taxes expense (benefit)

        

Domestic

   $ (3,300    $ (2,258    $ 6,170   

Foreign

     3,312         4,875         4,533   

Uncertain tax position liability (domestic)

     10         (87      14   

Uncertain tax position liability (foreign)

     (66      7         175   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     (44      2,537         10,892   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes expense

        

Foreign

     1,567         1,433         1,955   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total income tax expenses

   $ 1,523       $ 3,970       $ 12,847   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Effective tax rate

     —          —          10.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Difference Between Provision for Domestic and Foreign Income Taxes and Amount Calculated by Statutory Tax Rate to Net Income Before Income Taxes

The provision for domestic and foreign income taxes incurred is different from the amount calculated by applying the statutory tax rate to the net income before income taxes. The significant items causing this difference are as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Provision computed at statutory rate

   $ (40,498    $ (21,082    $ 43,010   

Change in statutory tax rate

     —          —          —    

Difference in foreign tax rates

     10,130         5,375         (12,544

Permanent differences

        

Derivative assets adjustment

     (1,526      1,469         3,364   

TPECs, hybrid and other interest

     (6,813      (3,151      (5,920

Permanent impairment

     —          —          (935

Thin capitalization

     —          —          97   

Deemed dividend

     —          —          7,609   

Permanent foreign currency gain (loss)

     (901      3,351         (465

Customs penalty

     —          —          742   

Non-deductible settlement

     6,318         —          —     

Other permanent differences

     (1,097      (881      1,556   

Withholding tax

     3,506         3,918         4,242   

Foreign exchange rate adjustment

     4,687         (7,455      (4,127

Change in valuation allowance

     29,484         24,062         (21,184

Tax credit

     (1,811      (1,818      (2,796

Uncertain tax positions liability

     (56      (80      189   

Others

     100         262         9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income tax expenses

   $ 1,523       $ 3,970       $ 12,847   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Summary of Composition of Net Deferred Income Tax Assets (Liabilities)

A summary of the composition of net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

     December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Deferred tax assets

        

Accounts Receivables

   $ 1,076       $ 28,628       $ 8,799   

Inventories

     11,015         5,866         3,501   

Accrued expenses

     9,030         8,758         2,812   

Product warranties

     719         292         306   

Other reserves

     457         684         1,072   

Royalty income

     147         1,364         3,118   

Property, plant and equipment

     15,914         13,667         12,945   

Intangible assets

     780         922         —    

Accumulated severance benefits

     30,413         27,769         23,465   

Foreign currency translation loss

     17,496         12,220         13,533   

NOL carry-forwards

     80,979         53,714         72,533   

Tax credit

     25,161         26,041         26,786   

Other long-term payable

     1,034         608         168   

Others

     1,990         2,887         1,438   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

     196,211         183,420         170,476   

Less: valuation allowance

     (194,739      (178,729      (162,968
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     1,472         4,691         7,508   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities

        

Derivative assets

     —          1,189         124   

Intangible assets

     —          —          1,712   

Foreign currency translation gain

     748         19         1,003   

Others

     147         1,239         295   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

     895         2,447         3,134   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 577       $ 2,244       $ 4,374   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Reported as

        

Current deferred income tax assets

   $ 237       $ 1,348       $ 1,788   

Non-current deferred income tax assets

   $ 415       $ 896       $ 2,586   

Current deferred income tax liabilities

   $ (72    $ —         $ —     

Non-current deferred income tax liabilities

   $ (3    $ —         $ —     
Changes in Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets

 Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2014      2013      2012  

Beginning balance

   $ 178,729       $ 162,968       $ 200,056   

Charged to expense (income)

     29,484         24,062         (21,184

NOL and tax credit expiration

     (7,605      (10,150      (25,305

Translation adjustment

     (5,869      1,849         9,401   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending balance

   $ 194,739       $ 178,729       $ 162,968   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Reconciliation of Total Amounts of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of each period is as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2014     2013     2012  

Unrecognized tax benefits, balance at the beginning

   $ 11,865      $ 11,196      $ 10,297   

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

     4,472        1,690        1,342   

Additions for tax positions of prior years

     47        —         41   

Lapse of statute of limitations

     (1,040     (1,067     (942

Translation adjustment

     (375     46        458   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Unrecognized tax benefits, balance at the ending

   $ 14,969      $ 11,865      $ 11,196