sv3
As
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 16,
2011
Registration
Number 333-
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Cereplast, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its Charter)
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| Nevada
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91-2154289 |
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer)
Identification No.) |
300 N. Continental Blvd., Suite 100
El Segundo California 90245
310-615-1900
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code
of registrants principal executive offices)
Frederic Scheer
300 N. Continental Blvd., Suite 100
El Segundo, CA 90245
(310) 615-1900
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code of agent for service)
Copies to:
Gregory Sichenzia, Esq.
Marcelle Balcombe, Esq.
Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP
61 Broadway, 32nd Floor
New York, New York 10006
(212) 930-9700
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the
effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the only securities being registered on this form are to be offered pursuant to dividend or
interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. o
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous
basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in
connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. þ
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b)
under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act,
please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective
amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule
462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General
Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes pursuant to Rule
413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of large accelerated filer,
accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company, in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one.)
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Accelerated filer o
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Non-accelerated filer o
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Smaller reporting company þ |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Proposed |
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Maximum |
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Aggregate |
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Aggregate |
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Amount of |
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Amount To |
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Price |
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Offering |
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Registration |
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Title of Class of Securities to be Registered |
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be Registered |
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Per Security (2) |
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Price |
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Fee |
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$12,500,000 7% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016
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$12,500,000 (1)
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100% (2)
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12,500,000 |
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1,451.25 |
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
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2,155,173 shares (3)
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Represents the aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued by the Registrant. |
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Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant
to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act of 1933 and exclusive of accrued
interest and distributions, if any. |
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Represents 2,155,173 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the
Notes at the conversion rate of 172.4138 shares per $1,000 in principal amount
equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $5.80 per share). Pursuant to
Rule 416 under the Securities Act, such number of shares of common stock
registered hereby shall include an indeterminate number of shares of common
stock that may be issued in connection with a stock split, stock dividend,
recapitalization or similar event. |
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Pursuant to Rule 457(i), no additional filing fee is payable with respect to
the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes because no
additional consideration will be received in connection with the exercise of
the conversion privilege. |
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or date(s) as may be
necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in
accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration
statement shall become effective on such date as the commission acting pursuant to said Section
8(a) may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The securities may not be
sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an
offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JUNE 16, 2011
PROSPECTUS
CEREPLAST, INC.
$12,500,000 principal amount of 7% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016
and 2,155,173 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes
This prospectus relates to the resale of up to $12,500,000 principal amount of our 7%
Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2016 (the Notes) and 2,155,173 of our shares of common
stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes by the selling securityholders.
We issued the Notes offered by this prospectus in a private placement on May 24, 2011. This
prospectus will be used by selling securityholders to resell their Notes and the common stock
issuable upon conversion of their Notes. We will not receive any proceeds from this offering.
The Notes are convertible by the selling securityholders prior to maturity (unless previously
repurchased pursuant to their terms) into common stock at a conversion rate of 172.4138 shares per
each $1,000 principal amount of Notes (equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $5.80 per
share), subject to adjustment if certain events occur, plus, if applicable, an interest
make-whole payment as described under Description of the Notes Conversion Rights General.
We will pay interest on the Notes on each June 1 and December 1 of each year the Notes are
outstanding, beginning on December 1, 2011. The Notes accrue interest at a rate of 7% per year.
The Notes will mature on June 1, 2016 unless earlier converted or repurchased. The Notes may
not be redeemed at the option of the Company.
The holders of the Notes may require us to repurchase all or any portion of their Notes for
cash on June 15, 2014, at a repurchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus accrued
and unpaid interest, up to, but excluding the repurchase date. See Description of Notes
Repurchase at the Option of the Holder.
In the event of a fundamental change, as described in this prospectus, the holders of the
Notes may require us to repurchase any Notes held by them.
Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol CERP. On June 15,
2011, the closing price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market was $4.53 per share.
The securities offered by this prospectus involve a high degree of risk. See Risk Factors
beginning on page 6.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has
approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this Prospectus is ____, 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
You may only rely on the information contained in this prospectus or that we have referred you to.
We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. This prospectus does not
constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the
common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a
solicitation of an offer to buy any common stock in any circumstances in which such offer or
solicitation is unlawful. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any sale made in connection
with this prospectus shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no
change in our affairs since the date of this prospectus or that the information contained by
reference to this prospectus is correct as of any time after its date.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, along with other information with the SEC. Our
SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SECs website at
http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document we file at the SECs Public Reference
Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further
information on the Public Reference Room.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC to
register the securities offered hereby under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. This
prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement,
including certain exhibits and schedules. You may obtain the registration statement and exhibits to
the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above or from the SECs internet
site.
INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference information into this prospectus. This means
that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed
separately with the SEC. The information that we incorporate by reference is considered to be part
of this prospectus. Because we are incorporating by reference our future filings with the SEC, this
prospectus is continually updated and those future filings may modify or supersede some or all of
the information included or incorporated in this prospectus. This means that you must look at all
of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine if any of the statements in this
prospectus or in any document previously incorporated by reference have been modified or
superseded. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents listed below and any future
filings we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (i) after the date of the initial registration statement and prior to
effectiveness of the registration statement, and (ii) after the date of this prospectus, until the
selling securityholders sell all of our securities registered under this prospectus.
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our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2011; |
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our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on May 16, 2011; |
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our current reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 1, 2011, February 22, 2011, May 3, 2011, May 19,
2011, and May 24, 2011; and |
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the description of our common stock, which is contained in the registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the
SEC on April 9, 2010 (File No. 001-34689). |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, information furnished under Items 2.02 and 7.01 of any Current
Report on Form 8-K, including the related exhibits, is not incorporated by reference in this
prospectus.
The information about us contained in this prospectus should be read together with the information
in the documents incorporated by reference. You may request a copy of any or all of these filings,
at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at: Frederic Scheer, 300 N. Continental Blvd., Suite 100,
El Segundo, California, telephone number is (310) 615-1900.
SUMMARY
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read
the entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled Risk Factors before deciding to
invest in our common stock. The terms Cereplast, the Company, we, our or us in this
prospectus refer to Cereplast, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context suggests otherwise.
1
ABOUT CEREPLAST
We have developed and are commercializing proprietary bio-based resins through two
complementary product families: Cereplast Compostables ® resins which are renewable,
ecologically sound substitute for petroleum-based plastics and Cereplast Sustainables resins,
which replace up to 50% of the petroleum-based content of traditional plastics with materials from
renewable resources. Our resins aim to be competitively priced compared to petroleum-based plastic
resins and can be converted into finished products using conventional manufacturing equipment
without significant additional capital investment by downstream converters.
The demand for non-petroleum based, clean and renewable sources for materials, such as
bioplastics, and the demand for compostable/biodegradable products are being driven globally by a
variety of factors, including fossil fuel price volatility, energy security and environmental
concerns. These factors have led to increased spending on clean and renewable products by
corporations and individuals as well as legislative initiatives at the local and state level.
We are a full-service resin solution provider uniquely positioned to capitalize on the rapidly
increasing demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional plastic
products.
We primarily conduct our operations through two product families:
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Cereplast Compostables ® resins are
renewable, ecologically-sound substitutes for
petroleum-based plastics targeting primarily single-use
disposables and packaging applications. We offer 12
commercial grades of Compostables resins in this product
line. These resins are compatible with existing
manufacturing processes and equipment making them a ready
substitute for traditional petroleum-based resins. We
commercially introduced our Compostables line in November
2006. |
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Cereplast Sustainables resins are renewable,
ecologically-sound substitutes for petroleum-based plastics
targeting primarily single-use disposables and packaging
applications. We offer eight commercial grades of
Sustainables resins in this product line. These resins are
compatible with existing manufacturing processes and
equipment, making them a ready substitute for traditional
petroleum-based resins. We commercially introduced our
Sustainables line in late 2007 under the name Cereplast
Hybrid Resins®. |
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Cereplast Hybrid Resins® replace up
to 50% of the petroleum content in conventional plastics
with bio-based materials such as industrial starches
sourced from plants. The Hybrid resins line is designed to
offer similar properties to traditional polyolefins such as
impact strength and heat deflection temperature, and is
compatible with existing converter processes and equipment.
Cereplast Hybrid Resins ® provide a viable
alternative for brand owners and converters looking to
partially replace petroleum-based resins in durable goods
applications. Hybrid resins address this need in a wide
range of markets, including automotive, consumer goods,
consumer electronics, medical, packaging, and construction.
We commercially introduced our first grade of Hybrid resin,
Hybrid 150, at the end of 2007. We currently offer three
commercial grades in this product line. |
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Cereplast Algae Plastics. In October 2009 we announced
that we have been developing a new technology to transform
algae into bioplastics and intend to launch a new family of
algae-based resins that will complement the companys
existing line of Compostables and Sustainable resins.
Although we do not expect this new technology to become
commercial before late 2011, it remains an important
development as we believe that the potential for
algae-based resins is quite substantial. Cereplast
algae-based resins could replace, in a first step, 50% or
more of the petroleum content used in traditional plastic
resins. Currently, Cereplast is using renewable material
such as starches from corn, tapioca, wheat, potatoes and
Ingeo® PLA, which are considered food
related crops. Cereplast believes that it is important to
enhance research on non-food crops as the Company is
expecting a surge in demand in bioplastics in the years to
come thus potentially creating pressure on food crops.
Algae is the first non-food crop project the company will
introduce and our R&D department is contemplating the
development of additional non-food crop polymers in future
years. Recently the algae production business has attracted
considerable attention when Exxon announced a $600 million
investment in Synthetic Genomics and BP invested $10
million in Martek Biosciences. We maintain that algae is a
very attractive feedstock as it offers a low carbon
footprint alternative and at the same time could be
accessible in very large quantities. We also have a
long-term future plan to create algae plastic made of 100%
algae component, abandoning any reliance on fossil fuels.
However the availability of algae production in large
quantities is several years away. |
Our principal executive offices are located at 300 N. Continental Blvd., Suite 100, El
Segundo, California. Our telephone number is (310) 615-1900. Our website is located at
www.cereplast.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not
part of this prospectus.
2
This Offering
The following is a brief summary of some of the terms of the Notes offered for resale in this
prospectus. For a more complete description of the terms of the Notes, see the Description of
Notes section in this prospectus.
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Issuer
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Cereplast, Inc. |
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Securities Offered
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$12.5 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% Senior
Subordinated Convertible Notes due June 1, 2016, which
are referred to as the Notes. This prospectus also
relates to shares of our common stock issuable upon
conversion of the Notes. |
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Maturity
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June 1, 2016, unless earlier converted or repurchased. |
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Interest Rate
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7.00% per year, payable in cash on June 1 and December 1
of each year, beginning December 1, 2011. |
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Ranking
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The Notes are our senior subordinated unsecured
obligations and rank subordinate in right of payment to
all of our existing and future senior secured
indebtedness. The Notes are also effectively subordinated
to our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of
the related collateral and structurally subordinated to
indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. |
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As of March 31, 2011, the aggregate principal amount of
our senior secured debt was $5,000,000. The indenture
governing the Notes does not prevent us or our
subsidiaries from incurring senior secured debt or any
other additional debt or other obligations. |
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Conversion Rights
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The Note are convertible at the holders option into
shares of our common stock at an initial conversion rate
of 172.4138 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal
amount of the Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion
price of approximately $5.80 per share), plus, if
applicable, an amount in cash equal to the amount of any
interest that would have accrued under the Notes at the
applicable interest rate for the period from the then
most recent interest payment date (or if the holder
converts after the record date for an interest payment
date but prior to the corresponding interest payment
date, from the next interest payment date) through and
including, June 2, 2014, subject to the interest
make-whole cap described under Description of the Notes
Conversion Rights General, which cap is
approximately equal to two years worth of interest
payments. The conversion rate, and thus the conversion
price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances as
described under Description of the Notes Conversion
Rights Conversion Rate Adjustments. |
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Limitation on Beneficial Ownership
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The Notes may not be convertible to the extent (but only
to the extent) that such conversion would cause the
holder to beneficially own 5% or more of the outstanding
shares of our common stock. |
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Adjustment to Conversion Rate
upon a Non-Stock Change of
Control
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Prior to June 1, 2016, if and only to the extent holders
elect to convert the Notes in connection with a
fundamental change described under the first or fourth
clause of the definition of that term in Description of
the Notes Repurchase at the Option of the Holder upon
a Fundamental Change pursuant to which 10% or more of
the consideration for our common stock (other than cash
payments for fractional shares and cash payments made in
respect of dissenters appraisal rights) consists of cash
or securities (or other property) that are not common
equity interests or depository receipts traded or
scheduled to be traded immediately following such
transaction on a U.S. national securities exchange, which
we refer to as a non-stock change of control, we will
increase the conversion rate by a number of additional
shares. The number of additional shares will be
determined by reference to the table in Description of
the Notes Conversion Rights Adjustment to
Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control,
based on the effective date and the price paid per share
of our common stock in such non-stock change of control. |
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If holders of our common stock receive only cash in the
type of transaction described above, the price paid per
share will be the cash amount paid per share. Otherwise,
the price paid per share will be the average of the last
reported sale price of our common stock on the five
trading days prior to, but not including, the effective
date of such non-stock change of control. |
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Purchase of the Notes by the
Company at the Option of the
Holder
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Holders have the right to require us to purchase all or a
portion of their Notes on June 15, 2014 at a cash
repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of
the Notes to be repurchased plus accrued and unpaid
interest (including additional interest, if any) to, but
excluding, the repurchase date. |
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Fundamental Change Repurchase
Right of Holders
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If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in
Description of NotesRepurchase of Notes at the Option
of the Holders Upon a Fundamental Change) prior to
maturity, we will be required, at the option of the
holders, to repurchase for cash some or all of the Notes
at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal
amount of the Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and
unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any,
to, but not including, the repurchase date. See
Description of the Notes Repurchase at the Option of
the Holder upon a Fundamental Change. |
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Events of Default
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If an event of default on the Notes occurs, the principal
amount of the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest,
including additional interest, if any, may be declared
immediately due and payable, subject to certain
conditions set forth in the Notes. These amounts
automatically become due and payable in the case of
certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of
default involving the Company or certain of its
subsidiaries. |
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Registration Rights
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Pursuant to a securities purchase agreement, we have
filed with the SEC a shelf registration statement, of
which this prospectus is a part, with respect to the
resale of the Notes and the underlying common stock. See
Description of NotesRegistration Rights. |
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Additional Interest
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Pursuant to the securities purchase agreement, we agreed
that, if we failed to file the shelf registration
statement within 30 days after the initial issuance of
the Notes, such shelf registration is not declared
effective within 90 days, or 150 days if reviewed by the
SEC, after the initial issuance of the Notes, or the
prospectus is suspended for more than 30 days in any
three-month period or more than 90 days in any 12-month
period, additional interest will accrue equal to 0.25%
per annum for the first 90 days from and including the
date on which such registration default has occurred and
increase to 0.50% per annum from and after the 91st day
after such registration default to but excluding the date
on which the registration default has been cured.
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Additional interest will be paid semi-annually in arrears. |
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Absence of a Public Market
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The Notes will be a new issue of securities. We cannot
assure you that any active or liquid market will develop
for the Notes. |
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NASDAQ Capital Market Symbol of
our Common Stock
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CERP |
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U.S. Federal Tax Considerations
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Holders are urged consult their own tax advisors. See
Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations. |
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Risk Factors
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Investment in the Notes and the underlying common stock
involves a high degree of risk. Therefore, you should
carefully consider all information in this prospectus and
in particular the matters set forth in the Risk Factors
section beginning on page 6. |
The Common Stock
This prospectus covers, and the registration statement of which it is a part registers,
2,155,173 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001. As of June 15, 2011, we had 15,757,305
shares of our common stock issued outstanding. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote
per share on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders.
Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol CERP.
5
RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock or the Notes involves a high degree of risk. You should
carefully consider the following information about these risks, together with the other information
contained in this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus,
before investing in our common stock or the Notes. If any of the events anticipated by the risks
described below occur, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely
affected which could result in a decline in the market price of our common stock and the Notes,
causing you to lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to our Business
We have incurred net losses in the past.
We have a history of operating losses and have incurred significant net losses in each fiscal
quarter since our inception. For the quarters ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we had gross revenues
of $7.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and incurred net losses of $1.8 million and $1.7
million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had gross revenues of
$6.4 million and $2.8 million, respectively, and incurred net losses of $7.5 million and $6.1
million respectively. We will need to generate significant additional revenue to achieve
profitability. Our ability to generate and sustain significant additional revenues or achieve
profitability will depend upon numerous factors outside of our control, including the market
acceptance of our bio-based resins, future cost trends for our key raw materials and competitive
products, and general economic conditions.
We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate our financial performance
and prospects.
We only commenced the marketing and commercial sale of our products within the past three years,
and continue to develop and launch new bio-based resins. We are, therefore, subject to all of the
risks inherent in a new business enterprise, as well as those inherent in a rapidly developing
industry. Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our financial performance
and prospects. There can be no assurance that in the future we will generate revenues, operate
profitably or that we will have adequate working capital to meet our obligations as they become
due. Because of our limited financial history, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our
results of operations will not be meaningful in the short term and should not be relied upon as
indicators of future performance.
In the current economic environment we will be required to raise additional capital to fund
our research and development efforts, marketing programs, as well as our continuing operations and
have been successful at doing so.
Our capital requirements depend on several factors, including:
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the speed at which our products are accepted into the market; |
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the level of spending to increase and enhance manufacturing capacity; |
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costs of recruiting and retaining qualified personnel; |
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the level of research and development and market commercialization spending; and |
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the necessity to acquire additional manufacturing capacity |
Additional capital will be required to continue to fund our research and development efforts as
well as our continuing operations. There can be no assurance that additional sources of financing
will be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are
not available on acceptable terms, our ability to fund our research and development efforts, take
advantage of opportunities, develop products or technologies or otherwise respond to competitive
pressures will be impaired.
The commercial success of our business depends on the widespread market acceptance of products
manufactured with our bio-based resins.
Although there is a developed market for petroleum-based plastics, the market for plastics produced
with our environmentally friendly bio-based resins is still developing. Our success depends on
consumer acceptance of these plastic products as well as the success of the commercialization of
plastics produced with our bio-based resins by third parties. At present, it is difficult to assess
or predict with any assurance the potential size, timing and viability of market opportunities for
our product in the plastics market. The traditional plastics market sector is well-established with
entrenched competitors with whom we must compete. Pricing for traditional plastics has been highly
volatile in recent years, and moved rapidly from conditions which are more supportive of
bioplastics to environments which are less favorable (like the present). While we expect to be able
to command a premium price for our environmentally sustainable products, a widening gap in the
pricing
for bioplastics versus petroleum-based plastics may reduce the size of our addressable market. In
addition, the growth of the market will create some pressure on price for applications today
considered commodities.
6
We have only recently commenced industrial scale production of our bio-based resins and it is
possible that some of our bio-based resins or plastic products made with our bio-based resins may
not perform as well as other resins or traditional plastics.
Individual products produced with our bio-based resins may not perform as well as traditional
plastics. We are still developing and improving many of our bio-based resins and are continuing to
evaluate the performance in specific applications. If we fail to develop bio-based resins that
allow products made with our bio-based resins to perform comparably to traditional plastics, this
could cause consumers to prefer alternative products.
We may not be successful in protecting our intellectual property and proprietary rights and may be
required to expend significant amounts of money and time in attempting to protect these rights. If
we are unable to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, our competitive position
in the market could suffer.
Our intellectual property consists of patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trade dress and
trademarks. Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patents and maintain adequate
protection of our other intellectual property for our technologies and products in the U.S. and in
other countries. The laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same
extent as do the laws of the U.S., and many companies have encountered significant problems in
protecting their proprietary rights in these foreign countries. These problems may be caused by,
among other factors, a lack of rules and methods for defending intellectual property rights.
Our future commercial success requires us not to infringe on patents and proprietary rights of
third parties, or breach any licenses or other agreements that we have entered into with respect to
our technologies, products and businesses. The enforceability of patent positions cannot be
predicted with certainty. We will apply for patents covering both our technologies and our
products, if any, as we deem appropriate. Patents, if issued, may be challenged, invalidated or
circumvented. There can be no assurance that no other relevant patents have been issued that could
block our ability to obtain patents or to operate as we would like. Others may develop similar
technologies or may duplicate technologies developed by us.
We are not currently a party to any litigation with respect to any of our patent positions.
However, if we become involved in litigation or interference proceedings declared by the United
States Patent and Trademark Office, or other intellectual property proceedings outside of the U.S.,
we might have to spend significant amounts of money to defend our intellectual property rights. If
any of our competitors file patent applications or obtain patents that claim inventions or other
rights also claimed by us, we may have to participate in interference proceedings declared by the
relevant patent regulatory agency to determine priority of invention and our right to a patent of
these inventions in the U.S. Even if the outcome is favorable, such proceedings might result in
substantial costs to us, including, significant legal fees and other expenses, diversion of
management time and disruption of our business. Even if successful on priority grounds, an
interference proceeding may result in loss of claims based on patentability grounds raised in the
interference proceeding. Uncertainties resulting from initiation and continuation of any patent or
related litigation also might harm our ability to continue our research or to bring products to
market.
An adverse ruling arising out of any intellectual property dispute, including an adverse decision
as to the priority of our inventions would undercut or invalidate our intellectual property
position. An adverse ruling also could subject us to significant liability for damages, prevent us
from using certain processes or products, or require us to enter into royalty or licensing
agreements with third parties. Furthermore, necessary licenses may not be available to us on
satisfactory terms, or at all.
Confidentiality agreements with employees and others may not adequately prevent disclosure of trade
secrets and other proprietary information.
To protect our proprietary technologies and processes, we rely on trade secret protection as well
as on formal legal devices such as patents. Although we have taken security measures to protect our
trade secrets and other proprietary information, these measures may not provide adequate protection
for such information. Our policy is to execute confidentiality and proprietary information
agreements with each of our employees and consultants upon the commencement of an employment or
consulting arrangement with us. These agreements generally require that all confidential
information developed by the individual or made known to the individual by us during the course of
the individuals relationship with us be kept confidential and not be disclosed to third parties.
These agreements also generally provide that technology conceived by the individual in the course
of rendering services to us shall be our exclusive property. Even though these agreements are in
place there can be no assurances that that trade secrets and proprietary information will not be
disclosed, that others will not independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary
information and techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets, or that we can fully
protect our trade secrets and proprietary information. Violations by others of our confidentiality
agreements and the loss of employees who have specialized knowledge and expertise could harm our
competitive position and cause our sales and operating results to decline as a result of increased
competition. Costly and time-consuming litigation might be necessary to enforce and determine the
scope of our proprietary rights, and failure to obtain or maintain trade secret protection might
adversely affect our ability to continue our research or bring products to market.
7
Management and affiliates own enough shares to have a substantial impact on shareholder vote which
could cause us to take action that may not be in the best interest of all shareholders.
As of May 17, 2011, our executive officers and directors, and entities controlled by or affiliated
with them or the Company, own in aggregate approximately 20.1% of the outstanding common stock. As
a result, this group of stockholders have a substantial impact on the vote on matters that require
stockholder approval, such as election of directors, approval of a corporate merger, increasing or
decreasing the number of authorized shares, adopting corporate benefit plans, effecting a stock
split, amending our Certificate of Incorporation or other material corporate actions, and these
shareholders could cause the us to take action that may not be in the best interest of all
shareholders.
Given our limited resources, we may not effectively manage our growth.
Our growth and expansion plan, which includes targeting high-growth segments with commercial
products, supporting converter partners and working with brand owners in the adoption of bio-based
plastics to enlarge our customer base, expanding our manufacturing capabilities, strengthening our
product leadership by developing new formulations in conjunction with customer demands and pursuing
strategic alliances, requires significant management time and operational and financial resources.
There is no assurance that we have the necessary operational and financial resources to manage our
growth. This is especially true as we expand facilities and manufacture our products on a larger
commercial scale. In addition, rapid growth in our headcount and operations may place a significant
strain on our management, administrative, operational and financial infrastructure. Failure to
adequately manage our growth could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, financial condition and the quoted price of our common stock.
Established product manufacturers could improve the ability to recycle their existing products or
develop new environmentally preferable products which could render our technology less competitive.
Several paper and plastic disposable packaging manufacturers and converters and others have made
efforts to increase the recycling of their products. Increased recycling of paper and plastic
products could lessen their harmful environmental impact, one major basis upon which we compete.
Many potential competitors who have greater resources and experience than we do may develop
products and technologies that compete with ours.
A number of these companies, including BASF, DuPont, Novamont, NatureWorks and Telles, have
introduced or are in the process of introducing both bio-based resins and/or compostable
synthetic-based resins. We view the threat from this competition as low. Just as a wide variety of
different petroleum-based polymers and resins currently serve the needs of the plastic market, we
believe that the various resins and polymers offer different properties and are targeted at
different applications, making them more complementary and thus broadening the universe of
applications for bio-based and compostable plastics.
As the bioplastic industry grows, the demand for biopolymers grows as well, creating more
uncertainty with respect to access to critical components of our process.
One of our suppliers, NatureWorks, LLC, currently produces the majority of the prime grade PLA in
the United States, and we currently rely on NatureWorks, LLC for a substantial portion of our PLA
requirements. For the year ended December 31, 2010, PLA accounted for 23.2% of our total raw
material cost of goods sold. If we lose NatureWorks, LLC as a supplier it could delay the
commercial introduction, hinder market acceptance of these resins and increase the cost of these
resins and our results of operations could be materially adversely affected. We continue to develop
alternative feedstock to PLA and evaluate additional PLA sources to support some of our
Compostables® Resins, which incorporate prime grade PLA. Cereplast Hybrid
Resins® do not depend on PLA.
We also rely on several grades of copolyester supplied by companies such as BASF Corporation,
Perstop, and Wacker in manufacturing some of our Compostables resins. If we lose any of these
suppliers, or if there are disruptions in the supply chain, the price of these resins may increase
or the sales of these resins may be delayed and our results of operations could be materially
adversely affected.
Fluctuations in the costs of our raw materials and competitive products could have an adverse
effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our results of operations are directly affected by the cost of our raw materials. Our Compostables
Resins are based in large part on polylactic acid, a renewable polymer manufactured from an
agricultural feedstock (corn sugar). Our ability to offset the effect of raw material prices by
increasing sales prices is uncertain. A further increase in the price differential between
agricultural based raw materials relative to petroleum-based plastics could have a negative
impact on our results of operations and financial position. Historically, a primary driver for the
growth of the bioplastics market has been the rising and increasingly volatile cost of oil, which
has narrowed the cost gap between traditional and bio-based plastics, and expectations of sustained
large hydrocarbon price increases over the long term which would further enhance the
competitiveness of our products. Prices and demand for traditional plastics have collapsed in
recent months due to global economic conditions; this in turn has affected the interest in
bioplastics by certain market sectors and reduced our relative competitiveness.
8
During the year ended December 31, 2010, we had two significant customers that accounted for 62.9%
of total sales. The loss of these customers could adversely affect our short-term sales and
profitability.
During the year ended December 31, 2010 two customers accounted for 62.9% of our total sales. If
these customers elect not to continue purchasing products from us, we may not be able to find other
customers whose requirements for our products are as significant. Accordingly, the loss of these
significant customers may adversely affect our near-term business, prospects, financial condition
and results of operations.
We are subject to risks generally associated with companies that operate in a global environment,
which could affect our growth and financial performance.
Approximately 77% of our 2010 gross sales and 11% of our 2009 gross sales were generated from
export sales to customers outside of North America and thus we are subject to risks inherent in
multinational business environments. Those risks include:
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compliance with U.S. laws affecting operations outside of the U.S., such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, |
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compliance with a variety of local regulations and laws, |
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changes in tax laws and the interpretation of those laws, |
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disruptions in ocean container shipping routes |
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fluctuations in currency values, |
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sudden changes in foreign currency exchange controls, |
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discriminatory or conflicting fiscal policies, |
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difficulties enforcing intellectual property and contractual rights in certain jurisdictions, |
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greater risk of uncollectible accounts and longer collection cycles, |
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imposition of more or new tariff, quotas, trade barriers, and similar restrictions on our sales outside the U.S. |
Moreover, political and economic changes or volatility, geopolitical regional conflicts, terrorist
activity, political unrest, civil strife, acts of war, public corruption and other economic or
political uncertainties could interrupt and negatively affect our business operations. All of these
factors could result in increased costs or decreased revenues, and could materially and adversely
affect our product sales and results of operations.
Our operations are subject to regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
The manufacture, sale and use of resins are subject to regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (the FDA). The FDAs regulations are concerned with substances used in food
packaging materials, not with specific finished food packaging products. Thus, food and beverage
containers are in compliance with FDA regulations if the components used in the food and beverage
containers: (i) are approved by the FDA as indirect food additives for their intended uses and
comply with the applicable FDA indirect food additive regulations; or (ii) are generally recognized
as safe for their intended uses and are of suitable purity for those intended uses.
We believe that our resins are in compliance with all FDA requirements. Failure to comply with FDA
regulations could subject us to administrative, civil or criminal penalties.
Regulatory changes applicable to us, or the products in our end-use markets, could adversely affect
our financial condition and results of operations.
We and many of the applications for the products in the end-use markets in which we sell our
products are regulated by various national and local regulations. Changes in those regulations
could result in additional compliance costs, seizures, confiscations, recall or monetary fines, any
of which could prevent or inhibit the development, distribution and sale of our products.
We may be liable for damages based on product liability claims brought against our customers in our
end-use markets.
Many of our products may provide critical performance attributes to our customers products that
will be sold to end users who could potentially bring product liability suits in which we could be
named as a defendant. The sale of these products involves the risk of product liability claims. If
a person were to bring a product liability suit against one of our customers, this customer may
attempt to seek contribution from us. A person may also bring a product liability claim directly
against us. A successful product liability claim or series of claims against us
9
in excess of our
insurance coverage for payments, for which we are not otherwise indemnified, could have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. We have acquired product
liability coverage of up to $7.0 million.
A successful product liability claim or series of claims against us in excess of our insurance
coverage for payments, for which we are not otherwise indemnified, could have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Loss of key personnel or our inability to attract and retain new qualified personnel could hurt our
business and inhibit our ability to operate and grow successfully.
Our success in the competitive markets in which we operate will continue to depend to a significant
extent on our leadership and other key management and technical personnel. We may not be able to
retain our current management personnel or to recruit qualified individuals to join our management
team. The loss of any key individual could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Disruptions of continuous operation of our new Seymour bioplastic production facility could
materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
We lease a facility and site in Seymour, Indiana, where we have constructed a new bioplastic
production facility. Completed in March 2010, we have consolidated all core manufacturing
activities from California to the Seymour site resulting in significant cost, productivity and
quality enhancements. We believe we will need to add additional production capacity in the near
future as the current development of the market seems to call for full capacity of our Seymour
facility to be reached within 24 months, and would need approximately an additional nine to 16
months to set up additional capacity, depending on the location. If we are unable to set up and
finance such additional facility, we may experience some disruption in our growth.
Downturns in general economic conditions could adversely affect our profitability.
Downturns in general economic conditions can cause fluctuations in demand for our products, product
prices, volumes and margins. Future economic conditions may not be favorable to our industry. A
decline in the demand for our products or a shift to lower-margin products due to deteriorating
economic conditions could adversely affect sales of our products and our profitability and could
also result in impairments of certain of our assets.
Risks related to the Notes and our Common Stock
We have significantly increased our leverage as a result of the sale of the Notes.
In connection with the sale of the Notes, we incurred new indebtedness of $12.5 million. The
degree to which we are leveraged could, among other things:
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make it difficult for us to obtain financing for working capital, acquisitions or other
purposes on favorable terms, if at all; |
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limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to changes in, our business. |
Our ability to meet our debt service obligations will depend upon our future performance, which
will be subject to financial, business and other factors affecting our operations, many of which
are beyond our control.
The indenture does not contain financial covenants and does not restrict the incurrence of debt by
us or our subsidiaries and, as a result, our subsidiaries can incur additional indebtedness or
enter into other agreements that restrict the payment of dividends to us.
The indenture does not contain any financial covenants or restrictions prohibiting the incurrence
of indebtedness, including additional senior indebtedness by us or the incurrence of any
indebtedness by our subsidiaries. The indenture also does not prohibit our subsidiaries from
entering into agreements that restrict the subsidiaries ability to pay dividends or make other
cash distributions to us. In addition, the indenture does not restrict the payment of dividends or
the issuance or repurchase of securities by us. The indenture does not contain any covenants or
other provisions to afford protection to holders of the Notes in the event of a highly leveraged
transaction, reorganization, restructuring, merger, spin-off or similar transaction that may
adversely affect holders of the Notes except to the extent described under Description of
Debentures Repurchase at the Option of the Holder Upon a Fundamental Change. The term
fundamental change is limited to certain specified transactions and may not include other events
that may involve an actual change of control.
We may be unable to repay or repurchase the Notes, including following a fundamental change.
At maturity, the entire outstanding principal amount of the Notes will become due and payable by
us. Upon a fundamental change, as defined in the indenture, you may require us to repurchase all or
a portion of your Notes at a repurchase price of 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus
accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of the repurchase of the Notes. We cannot
assure you that we will have enough funds or be able to arrange for additional financing to pay the
principal amount at maturity or to repurchase the Notes upon a fundamental change or that our
then-existing debt agreements will permit us to repay the principal amount at maturity or
repurchase the Notes.
10
Our failure to repay the Notes at maturity or to repurchase Notes upon a fundamental change would
constitute an event of default under the indenture that governs the Notes and may also constitute
an event of default under any other indenture or other agreement governing then-existing
indebtedness, which could prevent us from repurchasing the Notes. If a fundamental change occurred
and accelerated any other then-existing indebtedness, we cannot assure you that we would have
sufficient financial resources, or be able to arrange for additional financing, to repay the
principal amount at maturity or pay the repurchase price for the Notes and amounts due under any
other indebtedness.
Provisions of the Notes could discourage an acquisition of us by a third party.
Certain provisions of the Notes could make it more difficult or more expensive for a third party to
acquire us. Upon the occurrence of certain transactions constituting a fundamental change, holders
of the Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase, at a cash
repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest on the
Notes, all of their Notes or any portion of the principal amount of such Notes in integral
multiples of $1,000.
The adjustment to the conversion rate upon the occurrence of certain types of fundamental changes
may not adequately compensate you for the lost option time value of your Notes as a result of such
fundamental change.
If certain types of fundamental changes occur prior to June 1, 2016, we may adjust the conversion
rate of the Notes to increase the number of shares issuable upon conversion. The number of
additional shares to be added to the conversion rate will be determined based on the date on which
the fundamental change becomes effective and the price paid per share of our common stock in the
fundamental change as described under Description of the Notes Conversion Rights Adjustment
to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control. Although this adjustment is designed to
compensate you for the lost option value of your Notes as a result of certain types of fundamental
changes, the adjustment is only an approximation of such lost value based upon assumptions made on
the date of this prospectus and may not adequately compensate you for such loss. In addition, if
the price paid per share of our common stock in the fundamental change is less than $5.05 or more
than $20.00 (subject to adjustment), there will be no such adjustment.
There is currently no public market for the Notes, and an active trading market may not develop for
the Notes. The failure of a market to develop for the Notes could adversely affect the liquidity
and value of your Notes.
The Notes are a new issue of securities, and there is no existing public market for the Notes. We
do not intend to apply for listing of the Notes on any securities exchange or other stock market. A
market may not develop for the Notes, and there can be no assurance as to the liquidity of any
market that may develop for the Notes. If an active, liquid market does not develop for the Notes,
the market price and liquidity of the Notes may be adversely affected. If any of the Notes are
traded, they may trade at a discount from their initial offering price.
The liquidity of the trading market, if any, and future trading prices of the Notes will depend on
many factors, including, among other things, the market price of our common stock, prevailing
interest rates, our operating results, financial performance and prospects, the market for similar
securities and the overall securities market, and may be adversely affected by unfavorable changes
in these factors. Historically, the market for convertible debt has been subject to disruptions
that have caused volatility in prices. It is possible that the market for the Notes will be subject
to disruptions which may have a negative effect on the holders of the Notes, regardless of our
operating results, financial performance or prospects.
The conversion rate of the Notes may not be adjusted for all dilutive events that may adversely
affect the trading price of the Notes or our common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
The conversion rate of the Notes is subject to adjustment upon certain events, including the
issuance of stock dividends on our common stock, the issuance of certain rights or warrants,
subdivisions, combinations, distributions of capital stock, indebtedness or assets, cash dividends
and issuer tender or exchange offers as described under Description of the Notes Conversion
Rights Conversion Rate Adjustments. The conversion rate will not be adjusted for certain other
events, including, for example, in issuance of stock for cash that may adversely affect the trading
price of the Notes or the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
If you hold Notes, you will not be entitled to any rights with respect to our common stock, but you
will be subject to all changes made with respect to our common stock.
If you hold Notes, you will not be entitled to any rights with respect to our common stock
(including, without limitation, voting rights and rights to receive any dividends or other
distributions on our common stock), but you will be subject to all changes affecting our common
stock. You will have rights with respect to our common stock only if you convert your Notes. For
example, in the event that an amendment is proposed to our articles of incorporation or bylaws
requiring stockholder approval and the record date for determining the stockholders of record
entitled to vote on the amendment occurs prior to delivery of our common stock to you, you will not
be entitled to vote on the amendment, although you will nevertheless be subject to any changes in
the powers, preferences or rights of our common stock.
Conversion of the Notes will dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders, including
holders who had previously converted their Notes.
To the extent we issue common stock upon conversion of the Notes, the conversion of some or all of
the Notes will dilute the ownership interests of existing stockholders, including holders who had
previously converted their Notes. Any sales in the public market of the common
11
stock issuable upon
such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition,
the existence of the Notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the
conversion of the Notes could depress the price of our common stock.
The Notes are subject to certain conversion limitations.
We may not effect any conversion of a Note, and you do not have the right to convert any portion of
a Note, to the extent that after giving effect to such conversion, you (and your affiliates whose
ownership of securities is not disaggregated in accordance with SEC Release No. 34-39538) would
beneficially own more than 5% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately
after giving effect to such conversion.
The Notes may not be rated or may receive a lower rating than anticipated.
We do not intend to seek a rating on the Notes. However, if one or more rating agencies rates the
Notes and assigns the Notes a rating lower than the rating expected by investors, or reduces its
rating in the future, the market price of the Notes and our common stock could be reduced.
The Notes are subordinated to our existing and future senior secured indebtedness and effectively
subordinated to all liabilities of our subsidiaries.
The Notes are our senior subordinated unsecured obligations and rank subordinate in right of
payment to all of our existing and future senior secured indebtedness. As of March 31, 2011, the
aggregate principal amount of our senior secured debt was $5,000,000. In addition, none of our
subsidiaries will guarantee our obligations under, or have any obligation to pay amounts due on,
the Notes. As a result, the Notes will be structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other
liabilities, including trade payables and lease obligations, of our existing and future
subsidiaries (unless such indebtedness is by its terms subordinated to the Notes). In addition, the
Notes are not secured by any of our assets or those of our subsidiaries. As a result, the Notes
will be effectively subordinated to any secured debt that we or our subsidiaries incur. In the
event of our bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization or upon acceleration of the Notes, payment
on the Notes could be less, ratably, than on any secured indebtedness. We may not have sufficient
assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all of the Notes then outstanding.
The price at which our common stock may be purchased on The Nasdaq Capital Market is currently
lower than the conversion price of the Notes and may remain lower in the future.
Prior to electing to convert the Notes, the holder should compare the price at which our common
stock is trading in the market to the conversion price of the Notes. Our common stock trades on The
Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol CERP. On June 15, 2011, the last reported sale price of
our common stock was $4.53 per share. The initial conversion price of the Notes is approximately
$5.80 per share. The market prices of our securities are subject to significant fluctuations. Such
fluctuations, as well as economic conditions generally, may adversely affect the market price of
our securities, including our common stock and the Notes.
You may be subject to U.S. federal income tax if we make or fail to make one of certain adjustments
to the conversion rate of the Notes, even though you do not receive a corresponding cash
distribution.
The conversion rate of the Notes will be adjusted in certain circumstances as described in
Description of Notes Conversion Rights Conversion Rate Adjustments and Description of
Notes Conversion Rights Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control. If
the conversion rate is adjusted as a result of a distribution that is taxable to our common
stockholders, such as a cash dividend, you may be deemed to have received a dividend subject to
U.S. federal income tax without the receipt of any cash. In addition, a failure to adjust (or to
adjust adequately) the conversion rate after an event that increases your proportionate interest in
us could be treated as a deemed taxable dividend to you. If you are a non-U.S. holder (as defined
in Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations), any deemed dividend may be subject to U.S. federal
withholding tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable treaty. Any
withholding tax on such a deemed dividend may be withheld from interest, shares of common stock or
sales proceeds subsequently paid or credited to you. See the discussion under Material U.S.
Federal Tax Considerations U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders
Constructive Distributions and Distributions on Common Stock.
We may fail to qualify for continued listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market which could make it more
difficult for investors to sell their shares.
In April 2010, our common stock was approved for listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market and continues
to be listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. There can be no assurance that trading of our common
stock on such market will be sustained or that we can meet NASDAQs continued listing standards. In
the event that our common stock fails to qualify for continued inclusion, our common stock could
thereafter be quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board or the Pink Sheets. Under such circumstances,
shareholders may find it more difficult to sell, or to obtain accurate quotations, for our common
stock, and our common stock would become substantially less attractive to certain purchasers such
as financial institutions, hedge funds and other similar investors.
Our common stock may be affected by limited trading volume and price fluctuations which could
adversely impact the value of our common stock.
Trading in our common stock can fluctuate significantly and there can be no assurance that an
active trading market will either develop or be maintained. Our common stock is expected to
continue to experience significant price and volume fluctuations. This trading activity could
12
adversely affect the market price of our common stock without regard to our operating performance.
In addition, we believe that factors such as quarterly fluctuations in our financial results and
changes in the overall economy or the condition of the financial markets could cause the price of
our common stock to fluctuate substantially. These fluctuations may also cause short sellers to
periodically enter the market in the belief that our stock price will decline in the future. We
cannot predict the actions of market participants or the stock market as a whole. We can offer no
assurances that the market for our common stock will be stable or that our stock price will
fluctuate in a manner that is consistent with our operating results.
We have not and do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock.
We have paid no dividends on our common stock to date and it is not anticipated that any dividends
will be paid to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. While our future dividend
policy will be based on the operating results and capital needs of the business, it is currently
anticipated that any earnings will be retained to finance our future expansion and for the
implementation of our business plan. As an investor, you should take note of the fact that a lack
of a dividend can further affect the market value of our stock, and could significantly affect the
value of any investment in our Company.
Our Board of Directors has the authority, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock
with terms that may not be beneficial to common stock holders.
Our articles of incorporation authorize the issuance of preferred shares which may be issued with
dividend, liquidation, voting and redemption rights senior to our common stock without prior
approval by the stockholders. The preferred stock may be issued for such consideration as may be
fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may issue such shares of
preferred stock in one or more series, with such designations, preferences and rights or
qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof as shall be stated in the resolution of
resolutions.
The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the
holders of common stock. Preferred stock may be issued quickly with terms calculated to discourage,
make more difficult, delay or prevent a change in control of our Company or make removal of
management more difficult. As a result, the Board of Directors ability to issue preferred stock
may discourage the potential hostile acquirer, possibly resulting in beneficial negotiations.
Negotiating with an unfriendly acquirer may result in, among other things, terms more favorable to
us and our stockholders. Conversely, the issuance of preferred stock may adversely affect any
market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of the common stock. We presently
have no plans to issue any preferred stock.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The information contained in this prospectus and the documents and information incorporated by
reference in this prospectus include some statements that are not purely historical and that are
forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to,
statements regarding our expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the
future, including our financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, any statements
that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances,
including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words anticipates,
believes, continue, could, estimates, expects, intends, may, might, plans,
possible, potential, predicts, projects, seeks, should, will, would and similar
expressions, or the negatives of such terms, may identify forward-looking statements, but the
absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are based on current expectations and
beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. These statements are only
predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including, but
not limited to, the risks outlined under Risk Factors, that may cause our or our industrys
actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any
future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such
forward-looking statements. For example, assumptions that could cause actual results to vary
materially from such future results include, but are not limited to, our ability to successfully
develop and market our products to customers; our ability to generate customer demand for our
products in our target markets; the development of our target markets and market opportunities; our
ability to manufacture suitable products at competitive cost; market pricing for our products and
for competing products; the extent of increasing competition; technological developments
in our target markets and the development of alternate, competing technologies in them; and sales
of shares by existing shareholders. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the
forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements. Unless we are required to do so under US federal securities laws or
other applicable laws, we do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statements.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The selling securityholders will receive all of the proceeds from the sale of the Notes and common
stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by any
selling securityholder of the Notes or the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the
Notes offered by the selling securityholders under this prospectus, but we have agreed to pay the
expenses of preparing this prospectus and the related registration statement.
13
We
received net proceeds of approximately $11.2 million from our sale of the Notes. We are using
the proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes.
DESCRIPTION OF NOTES
We issued the Notes under an indenture, dated as of May 24, 2011, between us and Wells Fargo Bank,
National Association, as trustee. The terms of the Notes will include those stated in the Notes and
those made part of the indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
The following description is a summary of the material provisions of the Notes, the indenture and
the registration rights set forth in the securities purchase agreement. It does not restate the
Notes, the indenture or the registration rights set forth in the securities purchase agreement in
their entirety. We urge you to read the Notes, the indenture and the securities purchase agreement
because they, and not this description, define your rights as holders of the Notes. Copies of the
indenture and the securities purchase agreement are available as set forth above under Where You
can Find More Information.
As used in this section, the references to us, we, our or the Company refer only to
Cereplast, Inc. and not any of its subsidiaries.
General
We issued $12,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Notes in a private transaction on May 24,
2011.
The Notes:
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bear interest at a rate of 7.00% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears, on
June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on December 1, 2011; |
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are our senior subordinated and unsecured obligations and rank subordinate in
right of payment to all of our existing and future senior secured debt, as defined; |
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are structurally subordinated to all liabilities of our subsidiaries to the extent
of the assets of those subsidiaries; |
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are convertible by you at any time on or prior to the business day preceding the
maturity date as described under Conversion Rights into shares of our common
stock initially based on a conversion rate of 172.4138 shares of our common stock per
$1,000 principal amount of Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of
approximately $5.80 per share, plus, if applicable, the interest-make whole payments
described below. In the event of certain types of fundamental changes, we will
increase the conversion rate for a limited period of time; |
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are subject to repurchase by us, at your option, on June 15, 2014, at a cash
repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus accrued and
unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, to, but not including, the
repurchase date, as set forth under Repurchase at Option of the Holder; |
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are subject to repurchase by us, at your option, if a fundamental change occurs,
at a cash repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus
accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, to, but not
including, the repurchase date, as set forth under Repurchase at the Option of
the Holder upon a Fundamental Change; and |
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mature on June 1, 2016, unless earlier converted or repurchased by us at your
option. |
The indenture governing the Notes does not contain any financial covenants and will not
generally restrict us from paying dividends, incurring senior secured debt or any other additional
debt or issuing or repurchasing our other securities. The indenture also will not protect you in
the event of a highly leveraged transaction or a change in control of us, except to the extent
described below under Repurchase at the Option of the Holder upon a Fundamental Change.
No sinking fund is provided for the Notes and the Notes will not be subject to defeasance.
The Notes initially were issued in book-entry form only in denominations of $2,000 principal
amount or integer multiples of $1,000 above such amount. Beneficial interests in the Notes will be
shown on, and transfers of beneficial interests in the Notes will be effected only
14
through, records
maintained by The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, or its nominee, and any such interests may not
be exchanged for certificated Notes except in limited circumstances. For information regarding
conversion, registration of transfer and exchange of global Notes held in DTC, see Form,
Denomination and RegistrationGlobal Notes, Book-Entry Form.
If certificated Notes are issued, you may present them for conversion, registration of
transfer and exchange, without service charge, at our office or agency in New York City, which will
initially be the corporate trust office of the trustee in New York City.
Payment at Maturity
On the maturity date, each holder will be entitled to receive on such date $1,000 in cash for
each $1,000 in principal amount of Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest, including
additional interest, if any, to, but not including, the maturity date. With respect to global
Notes, principal and interest will be paid to DTC in immediately available funds. With respect to
any certificated Notes, principal and interest will be payable at our office or agency in New York
City, which initially will be the corporate trust office of the trustee.
Interest
The Notes will bear interest at a rate of 7.00% per year. Interest will accrue from May 24,
2011 or from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for. We will pay
interest semi-annually, in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on December 1,
2011, to holders of record at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the preceding May 15 and November
15, respectively.
We will pay interest on:
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global Notes to DTC in immediately available funds; |
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any certificated Notes having a principal amount of less than $2,000,000, by check
mailed to the holders of those Notes; provided, however, at maturity, interest will
be payable as described under Payment at Maturity; and |
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any certificated Notes having a principal amount of $2,000,000 or more, by wire
transfer in immediately available funds at the election of the holders of those Notes
duly delivered to the trustee at least five business days prior to the relevant
interest payment date or by check if no such election is made; provided, however, at
maturity, interest will be payable as described under Payment at Maturity. |
In addition, in the event of certain registration defaults, we will pay additional amounts of
interest as described under Registration Rights of the Holders below.
Interest will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
If a payment date is not a business day, payment will be made on the next succeeding business day,
and no additional interest will accrue thereon.
To the extent lawful, payments of principal or interest on the Notes that are not made when
due will accrue interest at the annual rate of 1% above the then applicable interest rate from the
required payment date.
Conversion Rights
General
Holders may convert their Notes into shares of our common stock at any time prior to the close
of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date based on an initial
conversion rate of 172.4138 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (equivalent
to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.80 per share), unless earlier repurchased by us,
at your option, as set forth under Repurchase at the Option of the Holder upon a Fundamental
Change. In addition to the shares of common stock, holders will receive, if applicable, upon
conversion an amount in cash equal to the amount of any interest, the interest make-whole, that
would have accrued under the Notes at the applicable interest rate for the period from the then
most recent interest payment date (or if you convert after the record date for an interest payment
date but prior to the corresponding interest payment date, from the next interest payment date)
through and including, June 2, 2014. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the cash
payment pursuant to this interest make-whole exceed $129.31 per $1,000 principal amount of Notes,
the interest make-whole cap. During any period where we have voluntarily increased the conversion
rate (as described under Conversion Rate Adjustments below) or during any period where we are
required to make an
adjustment to the conversion rate upon a non-stock change of control (as described under
Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control below), the
interest-make-whole cap will be reduced to equal (x) the revised conversion rate per $1,000
principal amount of Notes multiplied by (y) the number obtained by subtracting (a) $5.05 (the
closing consolidated bid price of our common stock on the date of pricing plus $0.01) from (b) the
revised conversion price. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment as described below.
15
Except as provided above and in the next paragraph, upon conversion, you will not receive any
separate cash payment of accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, on the
Notes being converted. We will not issue fractional shares of our common stock upon conversion of
the Notes. Instead, we will pay cash in lieu of fractional shares based on the closing price of our
common stock on the trading day prior to the applicable conversion date. Accrued and unpaid
interest, including additional interest, if any, and accrued tax original issue discount, if any,
to the conversion date will be deemed to be paid in full with the shares of our common stock issued
upon conversion, together with any cash in lieu of fractional shares, rather than cancelled,
extinguished or forfeited.
If you convert after the record date for an interest payment but prior to the corresponding
interest payment date, you will receive on the corresponding interest payment date the interest
accrued and unpaid on your Notes, notwithstanding your conversion of those Notes prior to the
interest payment date, assuming you were the holder of record on the corresponding record date.
However, unless you convert your Notes pursuant to the next paragraph or except as provided in the
next sentence, at the time you surrender your Notes for conversion, you must pay us an amount equal
to the interest that has accrued and will be paid on the Notes being converted on the corresponding
interest payment date. You are not required to make such payment:
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if you convert your Notes in connection with a fundamental change and we have
specified a fundamental change repurchase date that is after a record date and on or
prior to the corresponding interest payment date; |
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to the extent of any overdue interest, if overdue interest exists at the time of
conversion with respect to your Notes; |
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if you convert your Notes prior to June 2, 2014; or |
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if you convert your Notes after the record date for the interest payment due on
June 1, 2016. |
Except as described under Conversion Rate Adjustments, we will not make any payment or
other adjustment for dividends on any common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
Conversion Procedures
If you hold a beneficial interest in a global Note, to convert you must deliver to DTC the
appropriate instruction form for conversion pursuant to DTCs conversion program and, if required,
pay funds equal to interest payable on the next interest payment date to which you are not entitled
and, if required, pay all taxes or duties, if any.
If you hold a certificated note, to convert you must:
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complete and manually sign the conversion notice on the back of the Notes or a
facsimile of the conversion notice; |
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deliver the completed conversion notice and the Notes to be converted to the
conversion agent; |
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if required, pay funds equal to interest payable on the next interest payment date
to which you are not entitled; |
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if required, furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents; and |
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if required, pay all transfer or similar taxes, if any. |
The conversion date will be the date on which you have satisfied all of the foregoing
requirements. The Notes will be deemed to have been converted immediately prior to 5:00 p.m., New
York City time, on the conversion date. Once delivered, a conversion notice shall be irrevocable.
You will not be required to pay any taxes or duties relating to the issuance or delivery of
our common stock if you exercise your conversion rights, but you will be required to pay any tax or
duty that may be payable relating to any transfer involved in the issuance or delivery of the
common stock in a name other than the name in which the Notes were registered. Certificates
representing shares of common stock will be issued and delivered only after all applicable taxes
and duties, if any, payable by you have been paid in full.
Settlement of a conversion of Notes into shares of our common stock will occur on the third
trading day following the applicable conversion date.
Conversion Rate Adjustments
We will adjust the conversion rate for certain events, including:
16
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(1) |
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issuances of shares of our common stock as a dividend or distribution on
our common stock; |
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(2) |
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certain subdivisions, combinations or reclassifications of our common
stock; |
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(3) |
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issuances to all or substantially all holders of our common stock, of
certain rights or warrants to purchase, for a period of up to 45 days, shares of our
common stock at less than the then current market price of our common stock, provided
that the conversion rate will be readjusted to the extent that any of the rights or
warrants are not exercised prior to their expiration; |
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(4) |
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distributions to all or substantially all holders of our common stock, of shares of our capital stock (other than our common stock), evidences of our
indebtedness or assets, including securities, but excluding: |
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the rights and warrants referred to in clause (3) above; |
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any dividends and distributions in connection with a reclassification, change,
consolidation, merger, combination, sale or conveyance resulting in a change in
the conversion consideration pursuant to the sixth succeeding paragraph below; |
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any dividends or distributions paid exclusively in cash; or |
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any dividends or distributions referred to in the clause (1) above; |
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(5) |
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dividends or other distributions consisting exclusively of cash to all or
substantially all holders of our common stock (other than dividends or distributions
made in connection with our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up or upon a merger
or consolidation), in which event the conversion rate will be adjusted by multiplying
the conversion rate by a fraction, |
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the numerator of which will be the current market price of our common stock,
and |
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the denominator of which will be the current market price of our common stock
minus the amount per share of such dividend or distribution; and |
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(6) |
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purchases of our common stock pursuant to a tender offer or exchange offer
made by us or any of our subsidiaries to the extent that the cash and value of any
other consideration included in the payment per share of common stock exceeds the
closing sale price per share of our common stock on the trading day next succeeding
the last date on which tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or
exchange offer. |
For purposes of clause (3) and (5) above, current market price means the average closing
sale price of our common stock for the 10 consecutive trading days immediately prior to the
ex-dividend date for the distribution requiring such computation.
The closing sale price of a share of our common stock on any trading day means the closing
sale price of such security (or if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the closing
bid and closing ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average closing
bid and the average closing ask prices) on such day as reported in composite transactions for the
principal U.S. securities exchange (or if not so listed, on the principal regional securities
exchange) on which our common stock is traded or, if our common stock is not listed on a U.S.
national or regional securities exchange, as reported by Pink OTC Markets Inc. In the absence of
such a quotation, the closing sale price will be determined by a nationally recognized securities
dealer retained by us for that purpose. The closing sale price will be determined without reference
to extended or after hours trading. The conversion price on any day will equal $1,000 divided by
the conversion rate in effect on that day.
To the extent that any rights plan adopted by us is in effect upon conversion of the Notes
into common stock, you will receive, in addition to the common stock, the rights under the
applicable rights agreement unless the rights have separated from our common stock at the time of
conversion of the Notes, in which case, the conversion rate will be adjusted as if we distributed
to all holders of our common stock shares of our capital stock, evidences of indebtedness or assets
as described above in clause (4), subject to readjustment in the event of the expiration,
termination or redemption of such rights.
We will not make any adjustment if holders of Notes may participate in the transaction without
conversion or in certain other cases. In cases where the fair market value of assets, debt
securities or certain rights, warrants or options to purchase our securities, applicable to one
share of common stock, distributed to stockholders:
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equals or exceeds the average closing price of the common stock over the 10
consecutive trading day period ending on the record date for such distribution; or |
17
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such average closing price exceeds the fair market value of such assets, debt
securities or rights, warrants or options so distributed by less than $0.05, |
rather than being entitled to an adjustment in the conversion price, the holder of a note will be
entitled to receive upon conversion, in addition to the shares of common stock, the kind and amount
of assets, debt securities or rights, warrants or options comprising the distribution that such
holder would have received if such holder had converted such Notes immediately prior to the record
date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive the distribution.
Except as stated above, we will not adjust the conversion rate for the issuance of our common
stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or carrying the right
to purchase any of the foregoing.
In the event that we distribute shares of capital stock of a subsidiary of ours pursuant to
clause (4) above, the conversion rate will be adjusted, if at all, based on the market value of the
subsidiary stock so distributed relative to the market value of our common stock, in each case over
a measurement period following the distribution.
If we:
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reclassify or change our common stock (other than changes resulting from a
subdivision or combination); or |
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consolidate or merge with or into any person or sell, lease, transfer, convey or
otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our
subsidiaries taken as a whole to another person, |
and the holders of our common stock receive stock, other securities or other property or assets
(including cash or any combination thereof) with respect to or in exchange for their common stock,
each outstanding note will, without the consent of any holders of the Notes, become convertible
only into the consideration the holders of the Notes would have received if they had converted
their Notes based on the applicable conversion rate immediately prior to such reclassification,
change, consolidation, merger, sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (assuming
such holder of common stock received proportionately the same consideration received by all common
stock holders in the aggregate). In the event holders of our common stock have the opportunity to
elect the form of consideration to be received in such transaction, then from and after the
effective date of such transaction, the Notes shall be convertible into the consideration that a
majority of the holders of our common stock who made such an election received in such transaction.
We may not become a party to any such transaction unless its terms are consistent with the
foregoing.
If a taxable distribution to holders of our common stock or other transaction occurs that
results in any adjustment of the conversion rate (including an adjustment at our option), you may,
in certain circumstances, be deemed to have received a distribution subject to U.S. income tax as a
dividend. In certain other circumstances, the absence of an adjustment may result in a taxable
dividend to the holders of our common stock. See Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations.
We may, from time to time, to the extent permitted by law, in our sole discretion, increase
the conversion rate of the Notes by any amount for any period of at least 20 business days. In that
case, we will give at least 15 days prior written notice of such increase to you and the trustee.
We, in our sole discretion, may make such increases in the conversion rate, in addition to those
set forth above, as our board of directors deems advisable to avoid or diminish any income tax to
holders of our common stock resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock (or rights to
acquire stock) or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, in no event will the conversion rate exceed 198.0198 shares per $1,000 principal amount
of Notes, subject to adjustments in the same manner as the conversion rate.
We will not be required to make any adjustment in the conversion rate unless the adjustment
would require a change of at least 1% in the conversion rate. However, we will carry forward any
adjustment that is less than 1% of the conversion rate, take such carried-forward adjustments into
account in any subsequent adjustment, and make such carried forward adjustments, regardless of
whether the aggregate adjustment is less than 1%, (a) annually on the anniversary of the first date
of issue of the Notes and otherwise (b) (1) five business days prior to the maturity of the Notes
(whether at stated maturity or otherwise) or (2) prior to the repurchase date, unless such
adjustment has already been made.
If we adjust the conversion rate pursuant to the above provisions, we will issue a press
release through Business Wire or PR Newswire containing the relevant information and make this
information available on our website or through another public medium as we may use at that time.
Unless and until the trustee shall receive written notice setting forth an adjustment of the
conversion rate, the trustee may assume without inquiry that the conversion rate has not been
adjusted and that the last conversion rate of which it has knowledge remains in effect.
18
Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control
Prior to June 1, 2016, if and only to the extent you elect to convert your Notes in connection
with a fundamental change described under clause (1) or clause (4) under the definition of a
fundamental change described below under Repurchase at the Option of the Holder upon a
Fundamental Change pursuant to which 10% or more of the consideration for our common stock (other
than cash payments for fractional shares and cash payments made in respect of dissenters appraisal
rights) in such fundamental change transaction consists of cash or securities (or other property)
that are not shares of common stock, depositary receipts or other certificates representing common
equity interests or depository receipts traded or scheduled to be traded immediately following such
transaction on a U.S. national securities exchange, which we refer to as a non-stock change of
control, we will increase the conversion rate as described below. The number of additional shares
by which the conversion rate is increased (the additional shares) will be determined by reference
to the table below, based on the date on which the non-stock change of control becomes effective
(the effective date) and the price (the stock price) paid per share for our common stock in
such non-stock change of control. If holders of our common stock receive only cash in such
transaction, the stock price will be the cash amount paid per share. Otherwise, the stock price
will be the average of the last reported sale price of our common stock on the five trading days
prior to but not including the effective date of such non-stock change of control. We will notify
you of the anticipated effective date of any fundamental change resulting in an adjustment as soon
as practicable and if possible at least 20 calendar days prior to such date.
A conversion of the Notes by a holder will be deemed for these purposes to be in connection
with a non-stock change of control if the conversion notice is received by the conversion agent
following the effective date of the non-stock change of control but before the close of business on
the business day immediately preceding the related repurchase date (as specified in the repurchase
notice described under Repurchase at the Option of the Holder upon a Fundamental Change).
The number of additional shares issuable upon conversion will be adjusted in the same manner
as and as of any date on which the conversion rate of the Notes is adjusted as described above
under Conversion Rate Adjustments. The stock prices set forth in the first row of the table
below (i.e., the column headers) will be simultaneously adjusted to equal the stock prices
immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the
conversion rate immediately prior to the adjustment and the denominator of which is the conversion
rate as so adjusted.
The following table sets forth an indicative number of additional shares by which the
conversion rate shall be increased:
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Stock Price |
| Effective Date |
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$5.05 |
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$5.50 |
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$6.00 |
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$6.50 |
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$7.00 |
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$8.00 |
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$10.00 |
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$15.00 |
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$20.00 |
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May 24, 2011 |
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25.6060 |
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21.5995 |
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18.0882 |
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15.3005 |
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13.0481 |
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9.6665 |
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5.5492 |
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1.4165 |
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0.2307 |
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June 1, 2012 |
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25.6060 |
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23.1591 |
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19.0642 |
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15.8951 |
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13.3938 |
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9.7460 |
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5.4855 |
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1.3855 |
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0.2281 |
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June 1, 2013 |
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25.6060 |
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24.4206 |
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19.4815 |
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15.8333 |
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13.0748 |
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9.2570 |
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5.0903 |
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1.2709 |
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0.2033 |
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June 1, 2014 |
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25.6060 |
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20.4826 |
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16.0890 |
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13.1596 |
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10.9301 |
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7.7812 |
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4.2735 |
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1.0441 |
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0.1528 |
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June 1, 2015 |
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25.6060 |
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18.5337 |
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13.8314 |
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10.5536 |
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8.2338 |
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5.3327 |
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2.6868 |
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0.6379 |
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0.0767 |
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June 1, 2016 |
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25.6060 |
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9.4044 |
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0.0000 |
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0.0000 |
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0.0000 |
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0.0000 |
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0.0000 |
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0.0000 |
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0.0000 |
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The exact stock price and effective dates may not be set forth on the table, in which
case, if the stock price is:
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between two stock price amounts on the table or the effective date is between two
dates on the table, the number of additional shares will be determined by
straight-line interpolation between the number of additional shares set forth for the
higher and lower stock price amounts and the two dates, as applicable, based on a
360-day year; |
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in excess of $20.00 per share (subject to adjustment), no additional shares will
be issued upon conversion; or |
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less than $5.05 per share (subject to adjustment), no additional shares will be
issued upon conversion. |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the total number of shares of common stock
issuable upon conversion of a note exceed 198.0198 shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes,
subject to adjustments in the same manner as the conversion rate. Additional shares deliverable as
described in this section Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control,
will be delivered on the settlement date applicable to the relevant conversion.
Limitations on Beneficial Ownership.
Notwithstanding the foregoing conversion provisions, no holder shall be entitled to receive
shares of common stock upon conversion to the extent (but only to the extent) that such receipt
would cause such converting holder to become, directly or indirectly, a beneficial owner (within
the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder) of 5.0% or more of the shares of common stock outstanding at such time. This limitation
on beneficial ownership shall be terminated (i) upon 61 days notice to us
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by any holder, solely
with respect to the Notes beneficially owned by such holder, (ii) immediately upon delivery by us
of notice of a fundamental change as specified below or (iii) on May 1, 2016. In addition, no
holder who holds more than 5% of our common stock outstanding as of the issue date shall be
entitled to receive shares of common stock upon conversion to the extent (but only to the extent)
that such receipt would cause such converting holder to become, directly or indirectly, a
beneficial owner of more than an additional 1% of the shares of our common stock outstanding at
such time in respect of conversions of the Notes by such 5% holder. Any purported delivery of
shares of common stock upon conversion of Notes shall be void and have no effect to the extent (but
only to the extent) that such delivery would result in the converting holder becoming the
beneficial owner of 5.0% or more of the shares of common stock outstanding at such time or, in the
case of a 5% holder, more than an additional 1% of the shares of our common stock outstanding at
such time. If any delivery of shares of common stock owed to a holder upon conversion of Notes is
not made, in whole or in part, as a result of this limitation, our obligation to make such delivery
shall not be extinguished and we shall deliver such shares of common stock as promptly as
practicable after any such converting holder gives notice to us that such delivery would not result
in such limitation being triggered.
Repurchase at Option of the Holder
A holder of Notes has the right to require us to repurchase the Notes on June 15, 2014, or the
repurchase date. We must give notice of the repurchase date to all note holders not less than 20
business days prior to the repurchase date at their addresses shown in the register of the
registrar. We will also give notice to beneficial owners as required by applicable law. This notice
will state, among other things, the procedures that holders must follow to require us to repurchase
their Notes.
We will be required to repurchase for cash any outstanding Note for which a holder of Notes
delivers a written repurchase notice to the paying agent. This notice must be delivered during the
period beginning at any time from the opening of business on the date that is 20 business days
prior to the repurchase date until the close of business on the repurchase date. If a repurchase
notice is given and withdrawn during that period, we will not be obligated to repurchase the Notes.
Our repurchase obligation will be subject to certain additional conditions.
The repurchase price payable for a note will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the
Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, to, but excluding,
the repurchase date. The paying agent initially will be the trustee.
The repurchase notice must state:
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if certificated Notes have been issued, the note certificate numbers (or,
if the Notes are not certificated, a repurchase notice made by a holder of Notes must
comply with appropriate DTC procedures); |
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the portion of the principal amount of Notes to be repurchased, which must
be in $1,000 multiples; and |
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that the Notes are to be repurchased by us pursuant to the applicable
provisions of the Notes and the indenture. |
A holder of Notes may withdraw any written repurchase notice by delivering a written notice of
withdrawal to the paying agent prior to the close of business of the repurchase date. The
withdrawal notice must state:
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the principal amount of the withdrawn Notes; |
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if certificated Notes have been issued, the certificate numbers of the
withdrawn Notes (or, if the Notes are not certificated, the withdrawal notice must
comply with appropriate DTC procedures); and |
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the principal amount, if any, which remains subject to the repurchase
notice. |
Payment of the repurchase price for a Note for which a repurchase notice has been delivered
and not withdrawn is conditioned upon book-entry transfer or delivery of the Note, together with
necessary endorsements, to the paying agent at its office in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of
New York, or any other office of the paying agent, at any time after delivery of the repurchase
notice. Payment of the repurchase price for the Note will be made promptly following the later of
the repurchase date and the time of book-entry transfer or delivery of the Note. If the paying
agent holds money sufficient to pay the repurchase price of the note on the business day following
the repurchase date, then, on and after the date:
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the Note will cease to be outstanding; and |
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all other rights of the holder will terminate, other than the right to
receive the repurchase price upon delivery of the Note. |
This will be the case whether or not book-entry transfer of the Note has been made or the Note
has been delivered to the paying agent.
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Our ability to repurchase Notes with cash may be limited by the terms of our then-existing
borrowing agreements. Even though we become obligated to repurchase any outstanding Note on a
repurchase date, we may not have sufficient funds to pay the repurchase price on that repurchase
date.
We will comply with the provisions of Rule 13e-4 and any other rules under the Exchange Act
that may be applicable. We will file a Schedule TO or any other schedule required in connection
with any offer by us to repurchase the Notes.
No Notes may be repurchased at the option of the holders if there has occurred and is
continuing an event of default under the indenture, other than an event of default that is cured by
the payment of the repurchase price of the Notes.
Repurchase at the Option of the Holder upon a Fundamental Change
If a fundamental change (as defined below) occurs at any time prior to the maturity date of
the Notes, you will have the right to require us to repurchase, at the repurchase price described
below, all or part of your Notes for which you have properly delivered and not withdrawn a written
repurchase notice. The Notes submitted for repurchase must be $2,000 principal amount or integer
multiples of $1,000 above such amount.
The repurchase price will be payable in cash and will equal 100% of the principal amount of
the Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if
any, to, but excluding, the repurchase date. However, if the repurchase date is after a record date
but on or prior to the corresponding interest payment date, the interest will be paid on the
repurchase date to the holder of record on the record date.
We may be unable to repurchase your Notes in cash upon a fundamental change. Our ability to
repurchase the Notes with cash in the future may be limited by the terms of our then-existing
borrowing agreements. In addition, the occurrence of a fundamental change could cause an event of
default under the terms of our then-existing borrowing agreements and other contractual
arrangements. We cannot assure you that we would have the financial resources, or would be able to
arrange financing, to pay the repurchase price in cash.
A fundamental change will be deemed to have occurred when any of the following has occurred:
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the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any
merger or consolidation) the result of which is that any person, directly or
indirectly, including through one or more wholly owned subsidiaries, becomes the
beneficial owner (as these terms are defined in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under
the Exchange Act) of more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock that is
at the time entitled to vote by the holder thereof in the election of our board of
directors (or comparable body); or |
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the first day on which a majority of the members of our board of
directors are not continuing directors; or |
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the adoption of a plan relating to our liquidation or dissolution; or |
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the consolidation or merger of us with or into any other person, or the
sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition, in one or a series of
related transactions, of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our
subsidiaries taken as a whole to any person (as this term is used in Section
13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), other than: |
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that does not result in any reclassification, conversion, exchange or
cancellation of outstanding shares of our common stock; and |
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pursuant to which the holders of 50% or more of the total voting power of
all shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in elections of
directors immediately prior to such transaction have the right to exercise,
directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the total voting power of all shares
of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in elections of directors of
the continuing or surviving person immediately after giving effect to such
transaction; or |
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any merger primarily for the purpose of changing our jurisdiction
of incorporation and resulting in a reclassification, conversion or exchange of
outstanding shares of common stock solely into shares of common stock of the
surviving entity; or |
(5) the termination of trading of our common stock, which will be deemed to have
occurred if our common stock or other common stock into which the Notes are
convertible is neither listed for trading on a U.S. national securities
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exchange nor
approved for listing on any U.S. system of automated dissemination of quotations of
securities prices, and no American Depositary Shares or similar instruments for such
common stock are so listed or approved for listing in the United States.
However, a fundamental change will be deemed not to have occurred if more than 90% of the
consideration in the transaction or transactions (other than cash payments for fractional shares
and cash payments made in respect of dissenters appraisal rights) which otherwise would constitute
a fundamental change under clause (1) or (4) above consists of shares of common stock, depositary
receipts or other certificates representing common equity interests traded or to be traded
immediately following such transaction on a U.S. national securities exchange and, as a result of
the transaction or transactions, the Notes will become convertible into such common stock,
depositary receipts or other certificates representing common equity interests (and any rights
attached thereto) and other applicable consideration.
Continuing directors means, as of any date of determination, any member of our board of
directors who:
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was a member of the board of directors on the date of the indenture; or |
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was nominated for election or elected to the board of directors with the approval
of a majority of the continuing directors who were members of the board at the time
of the new directors nomination or election. |
The definition of fundamental change includes a phrase relating to the sale, lease,
transfer, conveyance or other disposition, in one or a series of related transactions, of all or
substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries taken as a whole. Although there is a
developing body of case law interpreting the phrase substantially all, there is no precise
established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a holder of
Notes to require us to repurchase the Notes as a result of a sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or
other disposition of less than all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries taken as a whole to
another person or group may be uncertain.
On or before the fifth business day after the occurrence of a fundamental change, we will
provide to all record holders of the Notes on the date of the fundamental change at their addresses
shown in the register of the registrar, the trustee and the paying agent, a written notice of the
occurrence of the fundamental change and the resulting repurchase right. Such notice shall state,
among other things, the event causing the fundamental change and the procedures you must follow to
require us to repurchase your Notes.
The repurchase date will be a date specified by us in the notice of a fundamental change that
is not less than 20 nor more than 35 business days after the date of the notice of a fundamental
change.
To exercise your repurchase right, you must deliver, prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time,
on the repurchase date, a written notice to the paying agent of your exercise of your repurchase
right (together with the Notes to be repurchased, if certificated Notes have been issued). If you
hold a beneficial interest in a global note, your repurchase notice must comply with appropriate
DTC procedures. The repurchase notice must state:
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if you hold certificated Notes, the Notes certificate numbers; |
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the portion of the principal amount of the Notes to be repurchased, which must be
$1,000 or integer multiples thereof; and |
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that the Notes are to be repurchased by us pursuant to the applicable provisions
of the Notes and the indenture. |
You may withdraw your repurchase notice at any time prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on
the business day immediately prior to the repurchase date by delivering a written notice of
withdrawal to the paying agent. If a repurchase notice is given and withdrawn during that period,
we will not be obligated to repurchase the Notes listed in the repurchase notice. If you hold a
beneficial interest in a global note, your repurchase notice must comply with appropriate DTC
procedures. The withdrawal notice must state:
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if you hold certificated Notes, the certificate numbers of the withdrawn Notes; |
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the principal amount of the withdrawn Notes; and |
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the principal amount, if any, which remains subject to the repurchase notice. |
Payment of the repurchase price for Notes for which a repurchase notice has been delivered and
not withdrawn is conditioned upon book-entry transfer or delivery of the Notes, together with
necessary endorsements, to the paying agent, as the case may be. Payment of the repurchase price
for the Notes will be made promptly following the later of the repurchase date and the time of
book-entry transfer or delivery of the Notes, as the case may be.
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If the paying agent holds on the business day immediately following the repurchase date
cash sufficient to pay the repurchase price of the Notes that holders have elected to require us to
repurchase, then, as of the repurchase date:
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the Notes will cease to be outstanding and interest will cease to accrue, whether
or not book-entry transfer of the Notes has been made or the Notes have been
delivered to the paying agent, as the case may be; and |
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all other rights of the holders with respect to such Notes will terminate, other
than the right to receive the repurchase price upon delivery or transfer of the
Notes. |
In connection with any repurchase, we will, to the extent applicable:
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comply with the provisions of Rule 13e-4 and any other tender offer rules under
the Exchange Act that may be applicable at the time of the offer to repurchase the
Notes; |
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file a Schedule TO or any other schedule required in connection with any offer by
us to repurchase the Notes; and |
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comply with all other federal and state securities laws in connection with any
offer by us to repurchase the Notes. |
This fundamental change repurchase right could discourage a potential acquirer of us. However,
this fundamental change repurchase feature is not the result of managements knowledge of any
specific effort to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, solicitation or
otherwise, or part of a plan by management to adopt a series of anti-takeover provisions.
Our obligation to repurchase the Notes upon a fundamental change would not necessarily afford
you protection in the event of a highly leveraged or other transaction involving us that may
adversely affect holders. We also could, in the future, enter into certain transactions, including
certain recapitalizations, that would not constitute a fundamental change but would increase the
amount of our (or our subsidiaries) outstanding debt or other contractual obligations. The
incurrence of significant amounts of additional debt could adversely affect our ability to service
our then existing debt, including the Notes.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
The indenture provides that we may not, in a single transaction or a series of related
transactions, consolidate with or merge with or into any other person or sell, convey, transfer or
lease our property and assets substantially as an entirety to another person, unless:
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either (a) we are the continuing corporation or (b) the directly resulting,
surviving or transferee person (if other than us) is a corporation or limited
liability company organized and existing under the laws of the United States, any
state thereof or the District of Columbia and such person assumes, by a supplemental
indenture and a supplemental agreement, all of our obligations under the Notes and
the indenture; |
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immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no default or event of
default has occurred and is continuing; |
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if as a result of such transaction the Notes become convertible into common stock
or other securities issued by a third party, such third party fully and
unconditionally assumes or guarantees all obligations of us or such successor under
the Notes and the indenture; and |
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we have, at or prior to the effective date of such consolidation, merger or
transfer, delivered to the trustee an officers certificate and an opinion of
counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or transfer is permitted by the
indenture and that all conditions precedent provided for relating to such transaction
have been complied with. |
In the event of any transaction described in and complying with the conditions listed in the
immediately preceding paragraph in which we are not the continuing corporation, the successor
person formed or remaining shall succeed, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and
power of, us, and we shall be discharged from its obligations, under the Notes and the indenture.
This covenant includes a phrase relating to the sale, conveyance, transfer and lease of our
property and assets substantially as an entirety. There is no precise, established definition of
the phrase substantially as an entirety under New York law, which governs the indenture and the
Notes. Accordingly, the ability of a holder of the Notes to require us to repurchase the Notes as a
result of a sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of less than all of the property and assets of us
may be uncertain.
An assumption by any person of our obligations under the Notes and the indenture might be
deemed for U.S. federal income tax purposes to be an exchange of the Notes for new Notes by the
holders thereof, resulting in recognition of gain or loss for such purposes and
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possibly other
adverse tax consequences to the holders. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding
the tax consequences of such an assumption.
Subordination of Notes
The Notes are our senior subordinated and unsecured obligations and rank subordinate in right
of payment to all of our existing and future senior secured debt (as defined below). Any right we
have to receive assets of any of our current and future subsidiaries upon that subsidiarys
liquidation or reorganization (and the consequent right of the holders of the Notes to participate
in those assets) will be structurally subordinated to the claims of that subsidiarys creditors,
except to the extent that we are ourselves recognized as a creditor of that subsidiary, in which
case our claims would still be subordinate to any security interests in the assets of that
subsidiary and any debt of that subsidiary senior to that held by us. As of March 31, 2011, the
aggregate principal amount of our senior secured debt was $5,000,000.
The indenture does not limit our ability to incur senior secured debt or any other additional
debt or the amount of debt or other liabilities our subsidiaries may incur. Our ability to make
required interest, principal, or repurchase payments on the Notes may be impaired as a result of
the obligations of our subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and
have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any amounts due pursuant to the Notes or to
make any funds available therefore, whether by dividends or loans or other payments.
The indenture provides that upon any payment or distribution of our assets or securities to
creditors of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, in connection with our
dissolution or winding up or our total or partial liquidation or reorganization, whether voluntary
or involuntary, or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceedings, the holders of our
senior secured debt will first be entitled to receive payment in full in cash or cash equivalents
of principal of and premium, if any and interest on such senior secured debt (whether or not
allowed in such proceeding) before the holders of Notes are entitled to receive any payment of
principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Notes or on account of the purchase or other
acquisition of Notes by us or any of our subsidiaries. In the event that notwithstanding the
foregoing, the trustee or the holder of any note receives any payment or distribution of our assets
of any kind or character (excluding shares of our common stock or securities provided for in a plan
of reorganization or readjustment that are subordinate in right of payment to all senior secured
debt to substantially the same extent as the Notes are so subordinated) before all our senior
secured debt is paid in full, then such payment or distribution will be required to be paid over or
delivered forthwith to the trustee in bankruptcy or other person making payment or distribution of
our assets for application to the payment of all our senior secured debt remaining unpaid, to the
extent necessary to pay the senior secured debt in full.
In addition, if the Notes are accelerated because of an event of default, the holders of any
senior secured debt would be entitled to payment in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to
them of senior secured debt before the holders of the Notes are entitled to receive any payment or
distribution. Under the indenture, we are required to promptly notify holders of senior secured
debt if payment of the Notes is accelerated because of an event of default.
The indenture provides that if any default by us has occurred and is continuing in the payment
of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, or rent or other payment obligations in
respect of, any senior secured debt, then no payment shall be made on account of principal of, or
premium, if any, or interest on, the Notes, until all such payments due in respect of such senior
secured debt have been paid in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such
senior secured debt.
During the continuance of any event of default with respect to any designated senior secured
debt (as defined below), other than a default in payment of the principal of, or premium, if any,
or interest on, or rent or other payment obligations in respect of, any designated senior secured
debt, that permits its holders to accelerate the maturity thereof (or, in the case of any lease,
permitting the landlord either to terminate the lease or to require us to make an irrevocable offer
to terminate the lease following an event of default thereunder), we may not make any payment
directly or indirectly, with respect to principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the
Notes, for a period of 179 days, which we refer to as a blockage period, following written notice
to us, from any holder, or the trustee or other representative for, such designated senior secured
debt, that such an event of default has occurred and is continuing, unless such event of default
has been cured or waived or such designated senior secured debt has been paid in full in cash or
other payment satisfactory to the holders of such designated senior secured debt. Not more than one
blockage period may be commenced during any period of 360 consecutive days, and there must be 180
consecutive days in any 360-day period in which no blockage period is in effect. No event of
default that existed or was continuing (it being acknowledged that any subsequent action that would
give rise to an event of default pursuant to any provision under which an event of default
previously existed or was continuing shall constitute a new event of default for this purpose) on
the date of the commencement of any blockage period with respect to the designated senior secured
debt initiating such blockage period shall be, or shall be made, the basis for the commencement of
a second blockage period by any holder of, or the trustee or other representative for, such
designated senior secured debt,
whether or not within a period of 360 consecutive days, unless such event of default shall
have been cured or waived for a period of not less than 90 consecutive days.
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However, if the maturity of such designated senior secured debt is accelerated (or, in the
case of a lease, as a result of such events of default, the landlord under the lease has given us
notice of its intention to terminate the lease or to require us to make an irrevocable offer to
terminate the lease following an event of default thereunder), no payment may be made on the Notes
until such designated senior secured debt has been paid in full in cash or other payment
satisfactory to the holders of such designated senior secured debt or such acceleration (or
termination, in the case of the lease) has been cured or waived or ceases to exist.
The term senior secured debt means:
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principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, including all interest accruing
subsequent to the commencement of any bankruptcy or similar proceeding, whether or not a
claim for post-petition interest is allowable as a claim in any such proceeding, on our
indebtedness (as defined below); |
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rent payable on our indebtedness; |
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termination payments with respect to or in connection with our indebtedness; and |
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all fees, costs, expenses and other amounts accrued or due on or in connection with
our indebtedness; |
in each case whether such indebtedness is outstanding on the date of the indenture or subsequently
created, incurred, assumed, guaranteed or in effect guaranteed by us, including all deferrals,
renewals, extensions or refundings thereof or amendments, modifications or supplements thereto,
except for:
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any indebtedness that by its terms expressly provides that such indebtedness shall
not be senior or pari passu in right of payment to any other indebtedness of the Company
or expressly provides that such indebtedness is equal with or junior to the Notes; |
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any indebtedness which is not secured by collateral which at the time of original
issuance of such indebtedness had a fair market value at least equal to 50% of the
principal amount of such indebtedness; |
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any indebtedness to our subsidiaries, a majority of the voting stock of which we
directly or indirectly own; and |
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the Notes. |
The term indebtedness means, with respect to any person:
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all indebtedness, obligations and other liabilities, contingent or otherwise, of
that person: |
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for borrowed money, including obligations in respect of overdrafts, foreign
exchange contracts, currency exchange agreements, interest rate protection agreements
and any loans or advances from banks, whether or not evidenced by Notes or similar
instruments; |
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evidenced by bonds, Notes or other instruments for the payment of money; or |
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incurred in connection with the acquisition of any property, services or assets,
whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such
person or to only a portion thereof, other than any account payable or other accrued
current liability or obligation to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of
business in connection with the obtaining of materials or services; |
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all reimbursement obligations and other liabilities, contingent or otherwise, of
that person with respect to letters of credit, bank guarantees, bankers acceptances,
surety bonds, performance bonds or other guaranty of contractual performance; |
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all obligations and liabilities, contingent or otherwise, in respect of: |
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leases of such person required, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles, to be accounted for as capitalized lease obligations on the balance sheet
of such person; and |
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any lease or related documents, including a purchase agreement, in connection with
the lease of real property that provides that such person is contractually obligated
to purchase or cause a third party to purchase the leased property and thereby
guarantee a minimum residual value of the leased property to the landlord and the
obligations of such person under such lease or related document to purchase or to
cause a third party to purchase the leased property; |
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all obligations of such person, contingent or otherwise, with respect to an
interest rate or other swap, cap or collar agreement or other similar instrument or
agreement or foreign currency hedge, exchange, purchase or similar instrument or
agreement; |
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all direct or indirect guaranties or similar agreements by that person in respect
of, and obligations or liabilities, contingent or otherwise, of that person to purchase
or otherwise acquire or otherwise assure a creditor against loss in respect of,
indebtedness, obligations or liabilities of another person of the kind described in
items one through four above; |
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any indebtedness or other obligations described in items one through five above
secured by any mortgage, pledge, lien or other encumbrance existing on property that is
owned or held by such person, regardless of whether or not the indebtedness or other
obligation secured thereby shall have been assumed by such person; and |
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any and all deferrals, renewals, extensions, refinancings, replacements,
restatements and refundings of, or amendments, modifications or supplements to, any
indebtedness, obligation or liability of the kind described in any of items one through
six above. |
Any senior secured debt will continue to be senior secured debt and will be entitled to the
benefits of the subordination provisions irrespective of any amendment, modification or waiver of
any of its terms.
The term designated senior secured debt means senior secured debt under our existing venture
loan and security agreement with Compass Horizon Funding Company, LLC and any other senior secured
debt that, at the date of determination is specifically designated by us in the instrument
evidencing or governing such senior secured debt or in another writing as designated senior
secured debt for purposes of the indenture. However, the instrument or other writing may place
limitations and conditions on the right of such senior secured debt to exercise the rights of
designated senior secured debt.
Events of Default; Notice and Waiver
The following will be events of default under the indenture:
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we fail to pay any interest, including additional interest (as defined under
Registration Rights of the Holders below), if any, on the Notes when due and such
failure continues for a period of 15 calendar days; |
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we fail to pay principal of the Notes when due at maturity, or we fail to pay the
repurchase price, or any make whole premium payable, in respect of any Notes when
due; |
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we fail to deliver shares of our common stock (including any additional shares
payable as a result of a make whole premium) upon the conversion of any Notes and
such failure continues for five days following the scheduled settlement date for such
conversion; |
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we fail to provide for a period of five business days after it is required in the
indenture, notice of the anticipated effective date or actual effective date of a
fundamental change; |
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we fail to perform or observe any other term, covenant or agreement in the Notes
or the indenture for a period of 30 calendar days after written notice of such
failure is given to us by the trustee or to us and the trustee by the holders of at
least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding; |
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a failure to pay when due (whether at stated maturity or otherwise) or a default
that results in the acceleration of maturity of, any of our or any of our
significant subsidiaries (which term shall have the meaning specified in Rule
1-02(w) of Regulation S-X) indebtedness for borrowed money in excess of $1.0 million,
unless such indebtedness is discharged, or such acceleration is rescinded, stayed or
annulled, within a period of 30 calendar days after written notice of such failure is
given to us by the trustee or to us and the trustee by the holders of at least 25% in
aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding; or |
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certain events involving our bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or the
bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of any of our significant subsidiaries
(which term shall have the meaning specified in Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X). |
We are required to notify the trustee promptly after becoming aware of the occurrence of any
default under the indenture known to us. The trustee is then required within 90 calendar days of
becoming aware of the occurrence of any default to give to the registered holders of the Notes
notice of all uncured defaults known to it. However, the trustee may withhold notice to the holders
of the Notes of any default, except defaults in payment of principal or interest on the Notes, if
the trustee, in good faith, determines that the withholding of such notice is in the
interests of the holders. We are also required to deliver to the trustee, on or before a date
not more than 150 calendar days after the end of each fiscal year, a written statement as to
compliance with the indenture, including whether or not any default has occurred.
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If an event of default specified in the last bullet point listed above occurs and continues
with respect to us or any of our significant subsidiaries, the principal amount of the Notes and
accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, on the outstanding Notes will
automatically become due and payable. If any other event of default occurs and is continuing, the
trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes may
declare the principal amount of the Notes and accrued and unpaid interest, including additional
interest, if any, on the outstanding Notes to be due and payable. Thereupon, the trustee may, in
its discretion, proceed to protect and enforce the rights of the holders of the Notes by
appropriate judicial proceedings.
After a declaration of acceleration, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money
due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of
the Notes outstanding, by written notice to us and the trustee, may rescind and annul such
declaration if:
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we have paid (or deposited with the trustee a sum sufficient to pay) (1) all
overdue interest on all Notes; (2) the principal amount of any Notes that have become
due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration; (3) to the extent that
payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest; and (4) all sums
paid or advanced by the trustee under the indenture and the reasonable compensation,
expenses, disbursements and advances of the trustee, its agents and counsel; and |
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all events of default, other than the non-payment of the principal amount and any
accrued and unpaid interest, including additional interest, if any, that have become
due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived. |
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes will have the
right to direct the time, method and place of any proceedings for any remedy available to the
trustee, subject to limitations specified in the indenture.
No holder of the Notes may pursue any remedy under the indenture, except in the case of a
default in the payment of principal or interest (including interest make-whole payments) on the
Notes, unless:
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the holder has given the trustee written notice of an event of default; |
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the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes
make a written request to the trustee to pursue the remedy, and offer security or
indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the trustee against any costs, liability or
expense of the trustee; |
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the trustee fails to comply with the request within 60 calendar days after receipt
of the request and offer of indemnity; and |
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the trustee does not receive an inconsistent direction from the holders of a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes. |
Waiver
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding may, on
behalf of the holders of all the Notes, waive any past default or event of default under the
indenture and its consequences, except:
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our failure to pay principal or interest on any Notes when due; |
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our failure to convert any Notes into shares of common stock, and pay the interest
make-whole, if any, upon such conversion, as required by the indenture; |
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our failure to pay the repurchase price on the repurchase date in connection with
a holder exercising its repurchase rights; or |
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our failure to comply with any of the provisions of the indenture that would
require the consent of the holder of each outstanding note affected. |
Modification
Changes Requiring Approval of Each Holder
The indenture (including the terms and conditions of the Notes) may not be modified or amended
without the written consent or the affirmative vote of each affected holder of a Note to:
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extend the maturity of any Notes; |
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reduce the rate or extend the time for payment of interest on any Notes; |
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reduce the principal amount of any Notes; |
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reduce any amount payable upon repurchase of any Notes; |
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impair the right of a holder to institute suit for payment of any Notes; |
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change the currency in which any principal of, or interest on, the Notes is
payable; |
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change our obligation to repurchase any Notes at the option of the holder in a
manner adverse to the holders except as provided below; |
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change our obligation to repurchase any Notes upon a fundamental change in a
manner adverse to the holders after the occurrence of a fundamental change; |
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affect the right of a holder to convert any Notes into shares of our common stock
or reduce the number of shares of our common stock or any other property, including
cash, receivable upon conversion pursuant to the terms of the indenture; |
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subject to specified exceptions, modify certain provisions of the indenture
relating to modification of the indenture or waiver under the indenture; or |
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reduce the percentage of the Notes required for consent to any modification of the
indenture that does not require the consent of each affected holder. |
Changes Requiring Majority Approval
The indenture (including the terms and conditions of the Notes) may be modified or amended,
except as described above, with the written consent or affirmative vote of the holders of a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding.
Changes Requiring No Approval
The indenture (including the terms and conditions of the Notes) may be modified or amended by
us and the trustee, without the consent of the holder of any Notes, to, among other things:
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provide for conversion rights of holders of the Notes and our repurchase
obligations in connection with a fundamental change in the event of any
reclassification of our common stock, merger or consolidation, or sale, conveyance,
transfer or lease of our property and assets substantially as an entirety; |
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secure the Notes; |
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provide for the assumption of our obligations to the holders of the Notes in the
event of a merger or consolidation, or sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of our
property and assets substantially as an entirety; |
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surrender any right or power conferred upon us; |
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add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of the Notes; |
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cure any ambiguity or correct or supplement any inconsistent or otherwise
defective provision contained in the indenture; provided that such modification or
amendment does not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Notes in any
material respect; provided, further, that any amendment made solely to conform the
provisions of the indenture to this description of the Notes will not be deemed to
materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Notes as provided in
an officers certificate; |
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make any provision with respect to matters or questions arising under the
indenture that we may deem necessary or desirable and that shall not be inconsistent
with provisions of the indenture; provided that such change or modification does not,
in the good faith opinion of our board of directors, adversely affect the interests
of the holders of the Notes in any material respect; |
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increase the conversion rate; |
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making any changes or modifications necessary in connection with the registration
of the Notes and the shares of our common stock to be delivered upon conversion of
the Notes under the Securities Act as contemplated in the registration rights set
forth in the securities purchase agreement relating to the Notes, provided that such
change or modification does not, in the good faith opinion of our board of directors
and the trustee, materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of Notes; |
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comply with the requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the
qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939; |
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add guarantees of obligations under the Notes; and |
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provide for a successor trustee. |
Other
The consent of the holders of Notes is not necessary under the indenture to approve the
particular form of any proposed modification or amendment. It is sufficient if such consent
approves the substance of the proposed modification or amendment. After a modification or amendment
under the indenture becomes effective, we are required to mail to the holders a notice briefly
describing such modification or amendment. However, the failure to give such notice to all the
holders, or any defect in the notice, will not impair or affect the validity of the modification or
amendment.
Notes Not Entitled to Consent
Any Notes held by us or by any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or
under direct or indirect common control with us shall be disregarded (from both the numerator and
the denominator) for purposes of determining whether the holders of the requisite aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding Notes have consented to a modification, amendment or waiver of
the terms of the indenture, except that for the purposes of determining whether the trustee shall
be protected in relying on any such consent, only Notes that the trustee knows are so owned shall
be so disregarded.
Repurchase and Cancellation
We may, to the extent permitted by law, repurchase any Notes in the open market or by tender
offer at any price or by private agreement. Any Notes repurchased by us may, at our option, be
surrendered to the trustee for cancellation, but may not be reissued or resold by us. Any Notes
surrendered for cancellation may not be reissued or resold and will be promptly cancelled.
Information Concerning the Trustee, Paying Agent, Conversion Agent and Common Stock Transfer Agent
and Registrar
We have appointed Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, the trustee under the indenture, as
paying agent, conversion agent, Notes registrar and custodian for the Notes. The trustee or its
affiliates may also provide other services to us in the ordinary course of their business. The
indenture contains certain limitations on the rights of the trustee, if it or any of its affiliates
is then our creditor, to obtain payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain
property received on any claim as security or otherwise. The trustee and its affiliates will be
permitted to engage in other transactions with us. However, if the trustee or any affiliate
continues to have any conflicting interest and a default occurs with respect to the Notes, the
trustee must eliminate such conflict or resign.
Computershare is the transfer agent and registrar for our common stock.
Registration Rights of the Holders
We have entered into a securities purchase agreement which includes registration rights with
the purchasers of the Notes. Pursuant to the securities purchase agreement, we have filed a shelf
registration statement with the SEC, which this prospectus forms a part of, covering resale of the
registrable securities (as defined below). We agreed to file such registration statement within 30
days after the closing date, and to use our reasonable efforts to cause the shelf registration
statement to become effective within 90 days, or 150 days if reviewed by the SEC, of the closing
date. We will use our reasonable efforts to keep the shelf registration statement effective until
the date there are no longer any registrable securities.
The term registrable securities means the Notes and the shares of our common stock issuable
upon conversion of the Notes until the earliest of:
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the effective registration under the Securities Act and the resale of the registrable
securities in accordance with the registration statement or pursuant to Rule 144 under
the Securities Act or any similar provision then in force; |
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the date on which the registrable security is distributed to the public pursuant to
Rule 144 under the Securities Act or may be sold or transferred by a person who is not
our affiliate pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any other similar
provision then in force) without any volume or manner of sale restrictions thereunder;
and |
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the date on which the registrable securities cease to be outstanding. |
We may suspend the use of the prospectus included in the registration statement under certain
circumstances relating to pending corporate developments, public filings with the SEC and similar
events. Any suspension period shall not exceed:
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an aggregate of 30 days for all suspensions in any three-month period; or |
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an aggregate of 90 days for all suspensions in any 12-month period. |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will be permitted to suspend the use of the prospectus for
up to 60 days in any three-month period under certain circumstances, relating to possible
acquisitions, financings or other similar transactions.
We agreed to pay predetermined additional interest on Notes that are registrable securities if
the shelf registration statement was not timely filed or made effective or if the prospectus
included in the registration statement is unavailable for periods in excess of those permitted
above. Additional interest will be paid semiannually in arrears, with the first semiannual payment
due on the first June 1 or December 1 to occur after the date on which such additional interest
begins to accrue and will accrue at a rate per year equal to:
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0.25% of the aggregate principal amount of the note per annum to and including the
90th day after the registration default; and |
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0.50% of the principal amount of a note per annum from and after the 91st day after
such registration default until such default is cured. |
In no event will additional interest accrue at a rate per annum exceeding 0.50%. We will have
no other liabilities for monetary damages with respect to our registration obligations.
A holder who elects to sell registrable securities pursuant to the shelf registration
statement will be required to:
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be named as a selling securityholder in the related prospectus; |
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deliver a prospectus to purchasers; and |
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be subject to the provisions of the registration rights set forth in the securities
purchase agreement, including indemnification provisions. |
Under the registration rights provisions of the securities purchase agreement, we will:
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pay all expenses of the shelf registration statement; |
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provide each registered holder copies of the prospectus; |
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notify holders when the shelf registration statement has become effective; and |
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take other reasonable actions as are legally required to permit unrestricted resales
of the registrable securities in accordance with the terms and conditions of the
registration rights under the securities purchase agreement. |
The plan of distribution section included in this prospectus permits resales of registrable
securities by selling securityholders though brokers and dealers.
We will use reasonable efforts to file any amendments to the shelf registration statement or
supplements to the related prospectus as are necessary to permit you to deliver your prospectus to
purchasers of registrable securities, subject to our rights to suspend the use of the prospectus.
Governing Law
The Notes, the indenture and the securities purchase agreement shall be governed by, and
construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
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Calculations in Respect of the Notes
Except as otherwise provided under Description of Notes, we will be responsible for making
all calculations called for under the Notes. These calculations include, but are not limited to,
determinations of the sale price of our common stock, accrued interest payable on the Notes and the
conversion rate and conversion price. We or our agents will make all these calculations in good
faith and, absent manifest error, such calculations will be final and binding on holders of the
Notes. We will provide a schedule of these calculations to each of the trustee and the conversion
agent, and each of the trustee and conversion agent is entitled to rely upon the accuracy of our
calculations without independent verification. The trustee will forward these calculations to any
holder of the Notes upon the written request of that holder. Each holder has the right to request
support for calculations and the ability to notify and request correction by the trustee of any
errors identified.
Form, Denomination and Registration
The Notes will be issued:
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in fully registered form; |
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without interest coupons; and |
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in denominations of $2,000 principal amount and integral multiples of $1,000 above
such amount. |
Global Notes, Book-Entry Form
The Notes are initially evidenced by one or more global Notes. We have deposited the global
Notes with DTC and registered the global Notes in the name of Cede & Co. as DTCs nominee. Except
as set forth below, the global Notes may be transferred, in whole or in part, only to another
nominee of DTC or to a successor of DTC or its nominee.
Beneficial interests in a global note may be held through organizations that are participants
in DTC (called participants). Transfers between participants will be affected in the ordinary way
in accordance with DTC rules and will be settled in clearing house funds. The laws of some states
require that certain persons take physical delivery of securities in definitive form. As a result,
the ability to transfer beneficial interests in the global Notes to such persons may be limited.
Beneficial interests in a global note held by DTC may be held only through participants, or
certain banks, brokers, dealers, trust companies and other parties that clear through or maintain a
custodial relationship with a participant, either directly or indirectly (called indirect
participants). So long as Cede & Co., as the nominee of DTC, is the registered owner of a global
Notes, Cede & Co. for all purposes will be considered the sole holder of such global Notes. Except
as provided below, owners of beneficial interests in a global note will:
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not be entitled to have certificates registered in their names; |
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not receive physical delivery of certificates in definitive registered form; and |
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not be considered holders of the global Notes. |
We will pay principal of and interest on, including any additional interest as described under
Registration Rights of the Holders above, and the repurchase price of, the global Notes to Cede
& Co., as the registered owner of the global Notes, by wire transfer of immediately available funds
on the maturity date, each interest payment date or the repurchase date, as the case may be.
Neither we, the trustee nor any paying agent will be responsible or liable:
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for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of,
beneficial ownership interests in a global Note; or |
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for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial
ownership interests. |
DTC has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a holder of the
Notes, including the presentation of the Notes for conversion, only at the direction of one or more
participants in whose account with DTC interests in the global Notes are credited, and only in
respect of the principal amount of the Notes represented by the global Notes as to which the
participant or participants has or have given such direction.
DTC has advised us that it is:
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a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York,
and a member of the Federal Reserve System; |
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a clearing corporation within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code; and |
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a clearing agency registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the
Exchange Act. |
DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and to facilitate the clearance and
settlement of securities transactions between participants through electronic book-entry changes to
the accounts of its participants. Participants include securities brokers, dealers, banks, trust
companies and clearing corporations and other organizations. Some of the participants or their
representatives, together with other entities, own DTC. Indirect access to the DTC system is
available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or
maintain a custodial relationship with a participant, either directly or indirectly.
DTC has agreed to the foregoing procedures to facilitate transfers of interests in a global
note among participants. However, DTC is under no obligation to perform or continue to perform
these procedures, and may discontinue these procedures at any time. We will issue the Notes in
definitive certificated form if DTC notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as
depositary or DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and a successor
depositary is not appointed by us within 90 days. In addition, beneficial interests in a global
Note may be exchanged for definitive certificated Notes upon request by or on behalf of DTC in
accordance with customary procedures following the request of a beneficial owner seeking to enforce
its rights under such Notes or the indenture. The indenture permits us to determine at any time and
in our sole discretion that Notes shall no longer be represented by global Notes. DTC has advised
us that, under its current practices, it would notify its participants of our request, but will
only withdraw beneficial interests from the global Notes at the request of each DTC participant. We
would issue definitive certificates in exchange for any such beneficial interests withdrawn.
Neither we, the trustee, registrar, paying agent nor conversion agent will have any
responsibility or liability for the performance by DTC or its participants or indirect participants
of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a discussion of certain material U.S. federal income and, in the case of
non-U.S. holders (as defined below), estate tax consequences, as of the date of this prospectus, of
the purchase, ownership, conversion, and disposition of the Notes and the common stock into which
the Notes are convertible. This discussion is based upon the provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), its legislative history, Treasury regulations promulgated
thereunder, published rulings and judicial decisions as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
The foregoing authorities are subject to change or differing interpretations at any time with
possible retroactive effect. which may result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different
from those discussed below. We have neither sought nor obtained an opinion of counsel or any
advance tax ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) regarding the U.S. federal tax
consequences described below. If the IRS contests a conclusion set forth herein, no assurance can
be given that a holder would ultimately prevail in a final determination by a court.
This discussion only applies to certain holders who purchase a note upon original issuance for
its issue price (the first price at which a substantial portion of the Notes are sold to persons
for money other than bond houses, brokers, or similar persons or organizations acting in the
capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers) and hold the note and the common stock
into which the note is convertible as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes
(generally property held for investment).
This discussion does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to a holder
in light of its particular circumstances. For example, except as otherwise noted, this discussion
does not address:
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tax consequences to holders who may be subject to special tax treatment, such as dealers in securities
or currencies, traders in securities that elect to use the mark-to-market method of accounting for
their securities, financial institutions, regulated investment companies, real estate investment
trusts, tax-exempt entities or insurance companies; |
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tax consequences to partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes
or investors in such entities; |
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tax consequences to holders who hold the Notes or the common stock into which the Notes are
convertible as part of a hedging, constructive sale or conversion, straddle or other risk reducing
transaction; |
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tax consequences to former citizens or former long-term residents of the United States; |
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tax consequences to non-U.S. holders that own or have owned (actually or constructively) more than 5%
of any class of our stock or non-U.S. holders that own or have owned the Notes if on the date such
Notes were or are acquired by such non-U.S. holder such Notes had or have a fair market value greater
than 5% of the regularly traded class of our stock with the lowest fair market value; |
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tax consequences to U.S. holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; |
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the U.S. federal estate, gift or alternative minimum tax consequences, if any, to holders of the Notes
or the common stock into which the Notes are convertible; or |
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any state, local or foreign tax consequences. |
If a partnership or other entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes
purchases Notes, the tax treatment of a partner of such partnership will generally depend upon the
status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership
that purchases Notes, you should consult your own tax advisors.
For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. holder is a beneficial owner of the Notes or shares
of common stock received upon conversion of the Notes who or that is for U.S. federal income tax
purposes:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state
thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its
source; or
a trust (i) that is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States
and the control of one or more United States persons as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of Code, or
(ii) that has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a
United States person.
For purposes of this discussion, a non-U.S. holder means a beneficial owner of Notes or
shares of common stock received upon conversion of the Notes that is not a U.S. holder. Special
rules may apply to certain non-U.S. holders such as controlled foreign corporations, passive
foreign investment companies, corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income
tax or, in certain circumstances, individuals who are U.S. expatriates. Consequently, non-U.S.
holders should consult their tax advisors to determine the U.S. federal, state, local, foreign and
other tax consequences that may be relevant to them.
PROSPECTIVE PURCHASERS OF THE NOTES ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF ACQUIRING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR NOTES, AS
WELL AS THE APPLICATION OF STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN INCOME AND OTHER TAX LAWS.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders
The following discussion is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences that may
be applicable to a U.S. holder of our Notes and shares of common stock into which our Notes are
convertible.
Payments of Interest
The issue price of the Notes will be equal to their principal amount. Thus, we believe that
the Notes were issued without original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes at the
time of original issuance. In such a case, interest on a Note will generally be taxable to a U.S.
holder as ordinary income at the time it is paid or accrued in accordance with the U.S. holders
usual method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Certain Additional Payments
In certain circumstances (see Description of Notes Interest and Description of Notes
Conversion Rights General), we may be obligated to pay amounts on the Notes that are in excess
of stated interest or principal on the Notes. These potential payments may implicate the provisions
of the Treasury regulations relating to contingent payment debt instruments. We do not intend to
treat the possibility
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of paying such additional amounts as causing the Notes to be treated as
contingent payment debt instruments. Assuming that is correct, additional income will be recognized
if any such additional payment is made, and such income would be taxed as described above under
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders Payments of Interest. It is possible that
the IRS may take a different position, in which case a U.S. holder might be required to accrue
interest income at a higher rate than the stated interest rate on the Notes and to treat as
ordinary interest income any gain realized on the taxable disposition (including a conversion) of
the Notes. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Notes will not be treated as
contingent payment debt instruments. Prospective purchasers of our Notes should consult their tax
advisors regarding the possible application of the contingent payment debt instrument rules to the
Notes.
Sale, Exchange, Repurchase, Redemption or Other Taxable Disposition of the Notes
Upon the sale, exchange, repurchase, redemption or other disposition (but not upon a
conversion into common stock) of the Notes for cash or other property, a U.S. holder will generally
recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale, exchange,
repurchase, redemption, or other disposition and such U.S. holders adjusted tax basis in the
Notes. A U.S. holders amount realized will equal the amount of any cash received plus the fair
market value of any other property received for the Notes. The amount realized will not include any
amount attributable to accrued but unpaid interest, which will be taxable as ordinary interest
income if not previously included in income. A U.S. holders adjusted tax basis in a note will
generally equal the amount that the U.S. holder paid for such note.
The gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder will be capital gain or loss and will be
long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. holders holding period for the Notes is more than one
year. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate taxpayers are currently taxed at lower rates than
those applicable to ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Conversion of the Notes
Upon the conversion of a note solely into common stock, a U.S. holder will generally not
recognize gain or loss, except that (a) the receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share of common
stock will result in capital gain or loss (measured by the difference between the cash received in
lieu of the fractional share and the U.S. holders adjusted tax basis in the fractional share) and
(b) the fair market value of common stock received with respect to accrued but unpaid interest will
be treated as a payment of interest (and treated as described above under U.S. Federal Income
Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders Payments of Interest).
A U.S. holders tax basis in the common stock received upon a conversion of a Note (other than
common stock received with respect to accrued but unpaid interest, but including any basis
allocable to a fractional share) will equal the tax basis of the Note that was converted. A U.S.
holders tax basis in the common stock received with respect to accrued interest will equal the
fair market value of the stock received. A U.S. holders tax basis in a fractional share will be
determined by allocating such U.S. holders tax basis in the common stock between the common stock
received upon conversion and the fractional share, in accordance with their respective fair market
values.
A U.S. holders holding period for the common stock received will include such U.S. holders
holding period for the note converted, except that the holding period of any common stock received
with respect to accrued but unpaid interest will commence on the day after the date of receipt.
Constructive Distributions
The conversion rate of the Notes will be adjusted in certain circumstances as described in
Description of Notes Conversion Rights Conversion Rate Adjustments and Description of
Notes Conversion Rights Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control.
Adjustments (or failures to make adjustments) to the conversion rate that have the effect of
increasing a U.S. holders proportionate interest in our assets or earnings and profits may in some
circumstances result in a deemed distribution to such U.S. holder. If we were to make a
distribution of cash or property to stockholders (but generally not stock dividends or rights to
subscribe for our common stock) and the conversion rate of the Notes were increased pursuant to the
anti-dilution provisions of the indenture, such increase would be deemed to be a distribution to
U.S. holders.
In addition, any other increase in the conversion rate of the Notes (including an adjustment
to the conversion rate in connection with a non-stock change of control) may, depending on the
circumstances, be deemed to be a distribution to U.S. holders. Adjustments to the conversion rate
made pursuant to a bona fide reasonable adjustment formula that has the effect of preventing the
dilution of the interest of holders of the Notes, however, will generally not be considered to
result in a deemed distribution to U.S. holders. Certain of the possible conversion rate
adjustments provided in the Notes (including, without limitation, adjustments in respect of taxable
dividends to holders of our common stock and those described in Description of Notes Conversion
Rights Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Non-Stock Change of Control) may not qualify as
being pursuant to a bona fide reasonable adjustment formula. If any such adjustment is made, a U.S.
holder may be deemed to have received a distribution even though such U.S. holder has not received
any cash or property as a result of such adjustment.
34
Any deemed distributions will be taxable as a dividend, return of capital, or capital gain in
accordance with the earnings and profits rules under the Code as described below under U.S.
Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders Distributions on Common Stock. It is not clear
whether a constructive dividend deemed paid to a U.S. holder would be eligible for the current
preferential rates of U.S. federal income tax applicable to dividend income to non-corporate U.S.
holders. It is also unclear whether corporate U.S. holders would be entitled to claim the
dividends-received deduction with respect to any such constructive dividends.
Distributions on Common Stock
Distributions, if any, made on our common stock, other than certain pro rata distributions of
common shares, will generally be included in a U.S. holders income as ordinary dividend income to
the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions in excess of our
current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital
reducing a U.S. holders adjusted tax basis in the common stock and, to the extent the distribution
exceeds such U.S. holders adjusted tax basis, thereafter as capital gain from the sale or exchange
of such common stock. Dividends received by a corporate U.S. holder may be eligible for a dividends
received deduction, subject to applicable limitations, and dividends received by an individual U.S.
holder before January 1, 2012, may be taxed at the lower applicable long-term capital gains rate,
provided certain holding period requirements are satisfied.
Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Taxable Dispositions of Common Stock
Upon the sale, exchange, certain redemptions or other taxable dispositions of our common
stock, a U.S. holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between
(i) the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received upon such taxable
disposition and (ii) the U.S. holders adjusted tax basis in the common stock. Such capital gain or
loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if a U.S. holders holding period in the common stock
is more than one year at the time of the taxable disposition. Otherwise, such gain or loss will be
short-term capital gain or loss. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Information returns will be filed with the IRS, other than with respect to corporations and
other exempt U.S. holders, with respect to interest on the Notes, dividends paid on the common
stock, and proceeds received from a disposition of the Notes or shares of common stock. Unless a
U.S. holder is an exempt recipient such as a corporation, it may be subject to backup withholding
tax with respect to interest paid on the Notes, dividends paid on the common stock, or with respect
to proceeds received from a disposition of the Notes or shares of common stock. A U.S. holder will
be subject to backup withholding if it is not otherwise exempt and it:
fails to furnish its taxpayer identification number, or TIN, which for an individual, is
ordinarily his or her social security number;
furnishes an incorrect TIN;
is notified by the IRS that it has failed to properly report payments of interest or
dividends; or
fails to certify, under penalties of perjury, that it has furnished a correct TIN and that
the IRS has not notified it that it is subject to backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax but, rather, is a method of tax collection. A U.S.
holder will be entitled to credit any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules against
its U.S. federal income tax liability and may be entitled to a refund provided that the required
information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.
U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences that may
be applicable to a non-U.S. holder of our Notes or shares of common stock into which our Notes are
convertible.
Payments of Interest
Subject to the discussion below concerning backup withholding, interest paid on a note to a
non-U.S. holder will qualify for the portfolio interest exemption and will not be subject to U.S.
federal income tax or the 30% withholding tax provided that:
35
interest paid on the note is not effectively connected with such non-U.S. holders conduct
of a trade or business in the United States;
such non-U.S. holder does not actually (or constructively) own 10% or more of the total
combined voting power of all classes of our stock within the meaning of the Code and applicable
Treasury regulations;
such non-U.S. holder is not a controlled foreign corporation that is related to us actually
or constructively through stock ownership; and
either (a) such non-U.S. holder provides its name and address on an IRS Form W-8BEN (or
other applicable form), and certifies, under penalties of perjury, that such non-U.S. holder is not
a United States person as defined under the Code, or (b) if such non-U.S. holder holds its note
through one of certain foreign intermediaries, such non-U.S. holder and intermediary satisfy the
certification requirements of the applicable Treasury regulations.
If a non-U.S. holder cannot satisfy the requirements described above, payments of interest made to
such non-U.S. holder will be subject to the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, unless such non-U.S.
holder provide us with a properly executed:
IRS Form W-8BEN (or other applicable form) claiming an exemption from or reduction in
withholding under the benefit of an applicable income tax treaty; or
IRS Form W-8ECI (or other applicable form) stating that interest paid on the note is not
subject to withholding tax because it is effectively connected with such non-U.S. holders conduct
of a trade or business in the United States.
If a non-U.S. holder is engaged in a trade or business in the United States and interest on a
note is effectively connected with its conduct of that trade or business and, if required by an
applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment, then such non-U.S.
holder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on that interest on a net income basis in the
same manner as if it were a United States person as defined under the Code. In addition, if a
non-U.S. holder is treated as a foreign corporation for US. federal income tax purposes, such
non-U.S. holder may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate (or lower
applicable income tax treaty rate) of earnings and profits for the taxable year, subject to
adjustments, that are effectively connected with its conduct of a trade or business in the United
States.
Conversion of the Notes
Upon the conversion of a Note solely into common stock, a non-U.S. holder will generally not
recognize gain or loss, except that (a) the receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share of common
stock will result in capital gain or loss (measured by the difference between the cash received in
lieu of the fractional share and the non-U.S. holders adjusted tax basis in the fractional share)
subject to the rules described under U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to
Non-U.S. Holders Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Taxable Dispositions of Notes and Common
Stock below and (b) the fair market value of common stock received with respect to accrued
interest will be treated as a payment of interest subject to the rules described under U.S.
Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders Payments of Interest above.
Constructive Distributions and Distributions on Common Stock
In general, if distributions are made with respect to our common stock (and any deemed
distributions resulting from certain adjustments, or failure to make adjustments, to the conversion
rate including, without limitation, adjustments in respect of taxable dividends to holders of our
common stock, see U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders Constructive
Distributions above), such distributions will be treated as dividends to the extent of our current
and accumulated earnings and profits as determined under the Code and
will be subject to withholding as discussed below. Any portion of a distribution that exceeds
our current and accumulated earnings and profits will first be applied to reduce the non-U.S.
holders basis in the common stock and, to the extent such portion exceeds the non-U.S. holders
basis, the excess will be treated as gain from the disposition of the common stock, the tax
treatment of which is discussed below under U.S. Federal Income Tax and Estate Consequences to
Non-U.S. Holders Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Taxable Dispositions of Notes and Common
Stock.
In addition, if we are a U.S. real property holding corporation (USRPHC), as such term is
defined in Section 897(c) of the Code, and any distribution exceeds our current and accumulated
earnings and profits, we will need to choose to satisfy our withholding requirements either by
treating the entire distribution as a dividend, subject to the withholding rules in the following
paragraph (and withhold at a minimum rate of 10% or such lower rate as may be specified by an
applicable income tax treaty for distributions from a USRPHC), or by treating only the amount of
the distribution equal to our reasonable estimate of our current and accumulated earnings and
profits as a dividend, with the excess portion of the distribution subject to withholding at a rate
of 10% or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax
36
treaty as if such excess
were the result of a sale of shares in a USRPHC (discussed below under U.S. Federal Income and
Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Taxable
Dispositions of Notes and Common Stock), with a credit generally allowed against the non-U.S.
holders U.S. federal income tax liability in an amount equal to the amount withheld from such
excess.
Except as discussed below, dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder of our common stock will
generally be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as
may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. However, dividends that are effectively
connected with the conduct of a trade or business by the non-U.S. holder within the United States
(and, where a tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the
non-U.S. holder in the United States) are not subject to the withholding tax, provided certain
certification and disclosure requirements are satisfied. Instead, such dividends are subject to
U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder were a
United States person as defined under the Code, unless an applicable income tax treaty provides
otherwise. Any such effectively connected dividends received by a foreign corporation may be
subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified
by an applicable income tax treaty.
A non-U.S. holder of our common stock who wishes to claim the benefit of an applicable treaty
rate and avoid backup withholding, as discussed below, for dividends will be required to (a)
complete IRS Form W-8BEN (or other applicable form) and certify under penalty of perjury that such
non-U.S. holder is not a United States person as defined under the Code and is eligible for treaty
benefits, or (b) if our common stock is held through certain foreign intermediaries, satisfy the
relevant certification requirements of applicable Treasury regulations.
A non-U.S. holder of our common stock eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax
pursuant to an income tax treaty may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely
filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. Any withholding tax on a deemed dividend may
be withheld from interest, shares of common stock or sales proceeds subsequently paid or credited
to a non-U.S. holder. If a non-U.S. holder is subject to withholding tax under such circumstances,
such non-U.S. holder should consult its tax advisors as to whether it can obtain a refund for all
or a portion of the withholding tax.
Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Taxable Dispositions of Notes and Common Stock
Any gain realized by a non-U.S. holder on the sale, exchange, redemption or other taxable
disposition of our Notes or common stock will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income or
withholding tax unless:
the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the non-U.S. holder in the
United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to a permanent
establishment maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States);
the non-U.S. holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or
more in the taxable year of that disposition and certain other conditions are met; or
we are or have been a USRPHC for U.S. federal income tax at any time within the five-year
period preceding the disposition or such non-U.S. holders holding period, whichever period is
shorter. This assumes that our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities
market, within the meaning of Section 897(c)(3) of the Code.
A non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet point immediately above will generally be
subject to tax on the net gain derived from the sale under regular graduated U.S. federal income
tax rates in the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder were a United States person as defined under
the Code, and if it is a corporation, may be subject to the branch profits tax equal to 30% of its
effectively connected earnings and profits or at such lower rate as may be specified by an
applicable income tax treaty. An individual non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet point
immediately above will be subject to a flat 30% tax on the gain derived from the sale, which may be
offset by U.S. source capital losses, even though the individual is not considered a resident of
the United States.
With respect to third bullet point above, a non-U.S. holder will not recognize taxable gain on
a sale of Notes or common stock, as applicable, even if we are or become a USRPHC so long as our
common stock continues to be regularly traded unless:
such non-U.S. holder recognizes gain on the sale of our common stock, and actually or
constructively owns more than 5% of our common stock at any time during the five-year period ending
on the date of disposition or, if shorter, its holding period for the common stock;
such non-U.S. holder recognizes gain on the sale of our Notes, our Notes are considered to
be regularly traded, and such non-U.S. holder actually or constructively owns more than 5% of the
Notes at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of disposition or, if shorter, its
holding period for the Notes; or
37
such non-U.S. holder recognizes gain on the sale of our Notes, our Notes are not considered
to be regularly traded, and, as of the latest date that such non-U.S. holder acquired any of our
Notes, the fair market value of all Notes held by such non-U.S. holder had a fair market value
greater than 5% of the fair market value of our common stock.
Any cash or other property that a non-U.S. holder receives on the sale, exchange, redemption,
or other taxable disposition of a note which is attributable to accrued interest will be subject to
U.S. federal income tax in accordance with the rules for taxation of interest described above under
U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders Payments of Interest.
U.S. Federal Estate Tax
The estate of an individual non-U.S. holder will not be subject to U.S. federal estate tax on
Notes beneficially owned by such individual at the time of such individuals death, provided that
any payment to such individual on the Notes would be eligible for exemption from the 30% U.S.
federal withholding tax under the portfolio interest exemption described above under U.S.
Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders Payments of Interest without
regard to the statement requirement described in the fourth bullet point thereof. However, shares
of our common stock held by an individual non-U.S. holder who is not a citizen or resident of the
United States (as defined for U.S. federal estate tax purposes) and an entity the property of which
is includible in such individuals gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes (for example,
a trust funded by such an individual and with respect to which the individual has retained certain
interests or powers) at the time of such individuals death will be treated as U.S. situs property
subject to U.S. federal estate tax unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. holder the amount of payments on the
Notes, dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder, and the tax withheld with respect to such payments on
the Notes or dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of the information
returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities
in the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides under the provisions of an applicable income
tax treaty.
In general, a non-U.S. holder will not be subject to backup withholding with respect to
payments of interest or dividends made to such non-U.S. holder, provided that we (or the paying
agent) do not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such non-U.S. holder is a United States
person, as defined under the Code, and we (or the paying agent) have received from such non-U.S.
holder the statement described above in the fourth bullet point under U.S. Federal Income and
Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders Payments of Interest.
Depending on the circumstances, information reporting and backup withholding may apply to the
proceeds received by a non-U.S. holder from the sale or other disposition of our Notes or common
stock, unless the payor receives the statement described above in the fourth bullet point under
U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders Payments of Interest and
does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such non-U.S. holder is a United States
person, as defined under the Code, or such non-U.S. holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
U.S. backup withholding tax is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup
withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a non-U.S. holders U.S. federal
income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
THE ABOVE DISCUSSION IS IN NOT INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE A COMPLETE ANALYSIS OF ALL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
APPLICABLE TO HOLDERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP OR DISPOSITION OF THE NOTES OR
OUR COMMON STOCK INTO WHICH NOTES ARE CONVERTIBLE PURSUANT AND HOLDERS SHOULD, THEREFORE, CONSULT
THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TO THEM IN THEIR PARTICULAR
CIRCUMSTANCES.
38
SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS
Below is information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our securities by the selling
securityholders as of June 15, 2011. Except as described below, the selling securityholders do not
have, or have had, any position, office or other material relationship with us or any of our
affiliates beyond their investment in, or receipt of, our securities, during the past three years.
See Plan of Distribution for additional information about the selling securityholders and the
manner in which the selling securityholders may dispose of their shares. Beneficial ownership has
been determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and generally means that a person has
beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shares voting or investment
power of that security, and includes option that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60
days. Our registration of these securities does not necessarily mean that the selling
securityholders will sell any or all of the securities covered by this prospectus. The percentages
for each selling securityholder are based on 15,757,305 shares of common stock, and $12,500,000
principal amount of Notes issued and outstanding, plus the additional shares that the selling
securityholder is deemed to beneficially own as set forth in the table. No selling securityholder
is a broker-dealer of an affiliate of a broker-dealer, except as set forth below.
The selling securityholders may sell all, or none of their securities in this offering. See
Plan of Distribution.
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Principal Amount |
|
Percentage of |
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|
|
|
| |
|
of Notes |
|
Notes |
|
Number of Shares |
|
Number of Shares |
|
Number of Shares |
|
|
| |
|
Beneficially |
|
Outstanding that |
|
of Common |
|
of Common |
|
of Common |
|
|
| |
|
Owned and that |
|
are Owned and |
|
Stock |
|
Stock that May |
|
Stock |
|
Percentage of |
| Name and |
|
May Be Sold |
|
May be Sold |
|
Beneficially |
|
Be Sold Pursuant |
|
Beneficially |
|
Common Stock |
| address of selling |
|
Pursuant to this |
|
Pursuant to this |
|
Owned Before |
|
to This |
|
Owned After This |
|
Owned After This |
| securityholder |
|
Prospectus |
|
Prospectus |
|
the Offering |
|
Prospectus (1) |
|
Offering (2) |
|
Offering (2) |
AQR FundsAQR
Diversified
Arbitrage Fund c/o
AQR Capital
Management, LLC Two
Greenwich Plaza,
3rd
Floor, Greenwich,
CT 06830 (3) |
|
$ |
4,450,000 |
|
|
|
35.6 |
% |
|
|
1,089,936 |
(4) |
|
|
767,241 |
|
|
|
322,695 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
% |
AQR Opportunistic
Premium Offshore
Fund, L.P. c/o AQR
Capital Management,
LLC Two Greenwich
Plaza,
3rd
Floor, Greenwich,
CT 06830 (5) |
|
$ |
350,000 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
% |
|
|
94,193 |
(6) |
|
|
60,345 |
|
|
|
33,848 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Aria Opportunity
Fund, Ltd. c/o
Tenor Capital
Management, 1180
Ave. of the
Americas, Ste.
1940, New York, NY
10036 (7) |
|
$ |
125,000 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
21,552 |
|
|
|
21,552 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Capital Ventures
International c/o
Heights Capital
Management 101
California Street,
Ste. 3250, San
Francisco, CA 94111
(8) |
|
$ |
500,000 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
138,707 |
(9) |
|
|
86,207 |
|
|
|
52,500 |
|
|
|
* |
|
39
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Principal Amount |
|
Percentage of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
of Notes |
|
Notes |
|
Number of Shares |
|
Number of Shares |
|
Number of Shares |
|
|
| |
|
Beneficially |
|
Outstanding that |
|
of Common |
|
of Common |
|
of Common |
|
|
| |
|
Owned and that |
|
are Owned and |
|
Stock |
|
Stock that May |
|
Stock |
|
Percentage of |
| Name and |
|
May Be Sold |
|
May be Sold |
|
Beneficially |
|
Be Sold Pursuant |
|
Beneficially |
|
Common Stock |
| address of selling |
|
Pursuant to this |
|
Pursuant to this |
|
Owned Before |
|
to This |
|
Owned After This |
|
Owned After This |
| securityholder |
|
Prospectus |
|
Prospectus |
|
the Offering |
|
Prospectus (1) |
|
Offering (2) |
|
Offering (2) |
CNH Diversified
Opportunities
Master
Account,
L.P.
c/o CNH
Partners,
LLC, Two
Greenwich Plaza,
3rd
Floor, Greenwich,
CT 06880 (10) |
|
$ |
200,000 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
% |
|
|
75,197 |
(11) |
|
|
34,483 |
|
|
|
40,714 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Hudson Bay Master
Fund, Ltd. 120
Broadway,
40th
Floor, New York,
NY
10271 (12) |
|
$ |
1,000,000 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
364,281 |
(13) |
|
|
172,414 |
|
|
|
191,867 |
|
|
|
1.06 |
% |
Octagon Capital
Partners 155 West
68th
Street, #27E, New
York, NY 10023(14) |
|
$ |
500,000 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
201,207 |
(15) |
|
|
86,207 |
|
|
|
115,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Pacific Capital
Management, LLC
11601 Wilshire
Blvd., Ste. 2180,
Los Angeles,
CA
90025 (16) |
|
$ |
1,000,000 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
283,851 |
(17) |
|
|
172,414 |
|
|
|
111,437 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Pandora Select
Partners,
L.P. 3033
Excelsior
Blvd.,
Minneapolis,
MN
55416 (18) |
|
$ |
2,000,000 |
|
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
344,827 |
|
|
|
344,827 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Radcliffe Capital
Management,
L.P. 50
Monument Rd., Ste.
300, Bala Cynwd,
PA
19004 (19) |
|
$ |
500,000 |
|
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
86,207 |
|
|
|
86,207 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Tenor Opportunity
Master Fund, Ltd
c/o Tenor Capital
Management
Company,
L.P., 1180 Avenue
of the Americas,
Ste. 1940,
New
York,
NY 10036 (20) |
|
$ |
375,000 |
|
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
64,655 |
|
|
|
64,655 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
* |
|
OConnor Global
Multi-Strategy
Alpha Master
Limited
c/o UBS
OConnor LLC,
One
North Warker Dr.,
32nd
Floor,
Chicago,
IL
60606 (21) |
|
$ |
1,500,000 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
360,021 |
(22) |
|
|
258,621 |
|
|
|
101,400 |
|
|
|
* |
|
40
|
|
|
| * |
|
less than 1%. |
| |
| (1) |
|
Represents shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes. |
| |
| (2) |
|
Assumes all securities offered hereby are sold. |
| |
| (3) |
|
CNH Partners, LLC, as the sub-advisor of the ACQ FundsAQR Diversified Arbitrage Fund, has
discretionary voting and investment authority over the securities owned by AQR FundsAQR
Diversified Arbitrage Fund. CNH Partners, LLC is controlled indirectly by Todd Pulvino and Mark
Mitchell. Accordingly, Todd Pulvino and Mark Mitchell share voting and investment authority over
the securities owned by AQR FundsAQR Diversified Arbitrage Fund. |
| |
| (4) |
|
Includes (i) 258,156 outstanding shares, (ii) 64,539 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $6.35, and (iii) 767,241 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (5) |
|
CNH Partners, LLC, as the sub-advisor of the ACQ FundsAQR Opportunistic Premium Offshore
Fund, L.P., has discretionary voting and investment authority over the securities owned by AQR
FundsAQR Opportunistic Premium Offshore Fund, L.P. CNH Partners, LLC is controlled indirectly by
Todd Pulvino and Mark Mitchell. Accordingly, Todd Pulvino and Mark Mitchell share voting and
investment authority over the securities owned by AQR FundsAQR Opportunistic Premium Offshore
Fund, L.P. |
| |
| (6) |
|
Includes (i) 27,078 outstanding shares, (ii) 6,770 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $6.35, and (iii) 60,345 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (7) |
|
Robin R. Shah has voting and investment power over the securities owned by Aria Opportunity
Fund, Ltd. |
| |
| (8) |
|
Haights Capital Management, Inc., the authorized agent of Capital Ventures International
(CVI), has discretionary authority to vote and dispose of the securities held by CVI and may be
deemed to be the beneficial owner of these securities. Martin Kobinger, in his capacity as
Investment Manager of Heights Capital Management, Inc., has investment discretion and voting power
over the securities held by CVI. Mr. Kobginer disclaims any beneficial ownership over the
securities. CVI is an affiliate of a broker-dealer. CVI purchased the securities in the ordinary
course of business and at the time of the purchase of the securities, did not have any agreements,
directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the securities. |
| |
| (9) |
|
Includes (i) 52,500 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants, and (ii) 86,207 shares issuable
upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (10) |
|
CNH Partners, LLC, as the sub-advisor of CNH Diversified Opportunities Master Account, L.P.,
has discretionary voting and investment authority over the securities owned by CNH Diversified
Opportunities Master Account, L.P.. CNH Partners, LLC is controlled indirectly by Todd Pulvino and
Mark Mitchell. Accordingly, Todd Pulvino and Mark Mitchell share voting and investment authority
over the securities owned by CNH Diversified Opportunities Master Account, L.P. |
41
|
|
|
| (11) |
|
Includes (i) 4,000 outstanding shares, (ii) 1,000 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $6.35, (iii) 35,714 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants with an
exercise price of $4.44 and (iv) 34,483 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (12) |
|
Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, the investment manager of Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd., has
voting and investment power over these securities. Sander Gerber is the managing member of Hudson
Bay Capital GP LLC, which is the general partner of Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, which is the
general partner of Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, and has voting and investment power over the
securities. Sander Gerber disclaims beneficial ownership of these securities. |
| |
| (13) |
|
Includes (i) 54,367 outstanding shares, (ii) 100,000 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $4.44, (iii) 37,500 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants with an
exercise price of $6.35 and (iv) 172,414 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (14) |
|
Steven Hart has voting and investment power over the securities owned by Octagon Capital
Partners. |
| |
| (15) |
|
Includes (i) 50,000 outstanding shares, (ii) 42,500 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $4.44, (iii) 22,500 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants with an
exercise price of $6.35 and (iv) 86,207 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (16) |
|
Jonathan Glaser has voting and investment power over the securities owned by Pacific Capital
Management, LLC. |
| |
| (17) |
|
Includes (i) 85,654 outstanding shares, (ii) 25,783 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $6.35 and (iii) 172,414 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
| |
| (18) |
|
Pandora Select Advisors, LLC (PSA) is the general partner of Pandora Select Partners, LP
(PSP), Whitebot Advisors, LLC (WA) is the investment manager to PSA, Andrew Redleaf is the
Managing Member of WA and has voting and investment control over the securities. PSA, PSP, WA and
Andrew Redleaf each disclaim beneficial ownership of the securities except to the extent of their
pecuniary interest therein. |
| |
| (19) |
|
Steven B. Katznelson and Christopher L. Hinkel are the Managing Members of RGC Management
Company, LLC, which entity serves as general partner of Radcliffe Capital Management, L.P. and
share voting and investment power over the securities. |
| |
| (20) |
|
Robin R. Shark has voting and investment power over the securities owned by Tenor Opportunity
Master Fund, Ltd. |
| |
| (21) |
|
OConnor Global Multi-Strategy Alpha Master Limited is a fund which cedes control to UBS
OConnor LLC, its investment manager. UBS OConnor LLC makes all the investment voting decisions.
Jeffrey Putman is the portfolio manager and has voting and investment power over the securities.
Mr. Putman disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities held by OConnor Global Multi-Strategy
Alpha Master Limited. |
| |
| (22) |
|
Includes (i) 48,900 outstanding shares, (ii) 52,500 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants
with an exercise price of $6.35 and (iii) 258,621 shares issuable upon conversion of Notes. |
42
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We will not receive any of the proceeds of the sale of the Notes or the underlying common stock
offered by this prospectus. The Notes and the underlying common stock may be sold from time to time
to purchasers:
| |
|
|
directly by the selling securityholders; or |
| |
| |
|
|
through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that may
receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions
or commissions from the selling securityholders or the
purchasers of the Notes and the underlying common stock. |
The selling securityholders and any such broker-dealers or agents that participate in the
distribution of the Notes and the underlying common stock may be deemed to be underwriters within
the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. As a result, any profits on the
sale of the Notes and underlying common stock by selling securityholders and any discounts,
commissions or concessions received by any such broker-dealers or agents might be deemed to be
underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. If the selling securityholders
were to be deemed underwriters, the selling securityholders may be subject to certain statutory
liabilities, including, but not limited to, those set forth in Sections 11, 12 and 17 of the
Securities Act and Rule l0b-5 under the Exchange Act.
If the Notes and underlying common stock are sold through underwriters or broker-dealers, the
selling securityholders will be responsible for underwriting discounts or commissions or agents
commissions.
The Notes and underlying common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at:
| |
|
|
fixed prices, |
| |
| |
|
|
prevailing market prices at the time of sale, |
| |
| |
|
|
varying prices determined at the time of sale, or |
| |
| |
|
|
negotiated prices. |
These sales may be effected in transactions:
| |
|
|
on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the Notes and underlying common
stock may be listed or quoted at the time of the sale, including the New York Stock Exchange in
the case of the common stock, |
| |
| |
|
|
in the over-the-counter market, |
| |
| |
|
|
in transactions otherwise than on such exchanges or services or in the over-the-counter market, |
| |
| |
|
|
through the writing of options, whether the options are listed on an option exchange or otherwise, |
| |
| |
|
|
through the settlement of short sales, or |
| |
| |
|
|
through other types of transactions. |
These transactions may include block transactions or crosses. Crosses are transactions in
which the same broker acts as an agent on both sides of the trade.
In connection with sales of the Notes and underlying common stock or otherwise, the selling
securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial
institutions. These broker-dealers or financial institutions may in turn engage in short sales of
the Notes and underlying common stock in the course of hedging their positions. The selling
securityholders may also sell the Notes and underlying common stock short and deliver Notes and
underlying common stock to close out short positions, or loan or pledge Notes and underlying common
stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell the Notes and underlying common stock.
43
The selling securityholders may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the
convertible Notes or shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance
of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of
common stock from time to time pursuant to this prospectus or any amendment to this prospectus
under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act, amending, if necessary,
the list of selling securityholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in
interest as selling securityholders under this prospectus. The selling securityholders also may
transfer and donate the shares of common stock in other circumstances in which case the
transferees, donees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners
for purposes of this prospectus.
To our knowledge, there are currently no plans, arrangements or understandings between any
selling securityholders and any underwriter, broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of the Notes
and the underlying common stock by the selling securityholders. Selling securityholders may decide
not to sell any of the Notes and the underlying common stock offered by them pursuant to this
prospectus. In addition, there may be circumstances where a selling securityholder may transfer,
devise or gift the Notes and the underlying common stock by other means not described in this
prospectus.
Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol CERP. We cannot assure
you as to the development of liquidity or any trading market for the Notes. See Risk Factors No
public trading market for the Notes exists.
With respect to a particular offering of Notes or common stock, to the extent required, an
accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the
registration statement of which this prospectus is a part will be prepared and will set forth the
following information:
| |
|
|
the specific Notes or common stock to be offered or sold, |
| |
| |
|
|
the names of the selling securityholders, |
| |
| |
|
|
the respective purchase prices and public offering prices and other material terms of the offering, |
| |
| |
|
|
the names of any participating agents, broker-dealers or underwriters, and |
| |
| |
|
|
any applicable commissions, discounts, concessions and other items constituting compensation from the selling securityholders. |
There can be no assurance that any selling securityholder will sell any or all of the Notes or
underlying common stock pursuant to this prospectus. In addition, any Notes or underlying common
stock covered by this prospectus that qualify for sale pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A of the
Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 or Rule 144A, as the case may be, rather than pursuant to
this prospectus.
We are required to pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the Note and the
underlying shares of common stock. We have agreed to indemnify the selling securityholders against
certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
The anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 may
apply to sales of our common stock and activities of the selling securityholders.
44
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the Notes and the common stock will be passed upon by Sichenzia Ross Friedman
Ference LLP, New York, New York.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Cereplast, Inc. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and
for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2010 appearing in Cereplast, Inc.s
Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2010, have been audited by HJ Associates
& Consultants, LLP, Cereplast, Inc.s independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth
in its report thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated
financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the
authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES
Under Sections 78.7502 and 78.751 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, the Company has broad powers to
indemnify and insure its directors and officers against liabilities they may incur in their
capacities as such. The Companys articles of incorporation implement the indemnification and
insurance provisions permitted by Chapter 78 of the Nevada Revised Statutes by providing that:
| |
|
|
The Company shall indemnify all its directors and officers
to the fullest extent permitted by Chapter 78 of the Nevada
Revised Statutes or any other law then in effect or as it
may hereafter be amended. The Company shall indemnify each
of its present and future directors and officers who
becomes a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
suit or proceeding, against expenses, including, but not
limited to, attorneys fees, judgments, fines, and amounts
paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him
in connection with the action, suit, proceeding or
settlement, provided such person acted in good faith and in
a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interest of the Company, and, with
respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no
reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. |
| |
| |
|
|
The expenses of directors and officers incurred in
defending a civil or criminal action, suit, or proceeding
may be paid by the Company as they are incurred and in
advance of the final disposition of the foregoing actions,
if such person undertakes to repay said expenses if it is
ultimately determined by a court that he is not entitled to
be indemnified by the Company, meaning, a final
adjudication establishes that the persons acts or
omissions involved a breach of any fiduciary duties, where
applicable, intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing
violation of the law which was material to the cause of
action. |
These indemnification provisions may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of the
Companys directors and officers for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred)
arising under the Securities Act.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our
directors, officers or controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been
informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
45
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION
The following table sets forth an estimate of the costs and expenses payable by Cereplast,
Inc. in connection with the offering described in this registration statement. All of the amounts
shown are estimates except the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registration fee:
| |
|
|
|
|
Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee |
|
$ |
1,451 |
|
Placement
Agent/Advisory Fees |
|
|
925,000 |
|
Accounting Fees and Expenses |
|
|
5,000 |
|
Legal Fees and Expenses |
|
|
315,000 |
|
Miscellaneous |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,256,451 |
|
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Under Sections 78.7502 and 78.751 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, the Company has broad powers to
indemnify and insure its directors and officers against liabilities they may incur in their
capacities as such. The Companys articles of incorporation implement the indemnification and
insurance provisions permitted by Chapter 78 of the Nevada Revised Statutes by providing that:
| |
|
|
The Company shall indemnify all its directors and officers to the
fullest extent permitted by Chapter 78 of the Nevada Revised Statutes
or any other law then in effect or as it may hereafter be amended. The
Company shall indemnify each of its present and future directors and
officers who becomes a party or is threatened to be made a party to
any suit or proceeding, against expenses, including, but not limited
to, attorneys fees, judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement
actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action,
suit, proceeding or settlement, provided such person acted in good
faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interest of the Company, and, with respect to any
criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his
conduct was unlawful. |
| |
| |
|
|
The expenses of directors and officers incurred in defending a civil
or criminal action, suit, or proceeding may be paid by the Company as
they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the
foregoing actions, if such person undertakes to repay said expenses if
it is ultimately determined by a court that he is not entitled to be
indemnified by the Company, meaning, a final adjudication establishes
that the persons acts or omissions involved a breach of any fiduciary
duties, where applicable, intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing
violation of the law which was material to the cause of action. |
These indemnification provisions may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of the
Companys directors and officers for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred)
arising under the Securities Act.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our
directors, officers or controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been
informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
II-1
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS
| |
|
|
| Exhibit |
|
|
| Number |
|
Description of Document |
4.1
|
|
Articles of Incorporation of the Company (Incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 Registration Statement filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission dated July 5, 2005.) |
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation dated July 19, 2004 (Incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2
Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission dated July 5, 2005.) |
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation dated July 19, 2004 (Incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2
Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission dated July 5, 2005.) |
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation dated March 18, 2005 (Incorporated by reference to the Form
SB-2 Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission dated July 5, 2005.) |
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation filed January 6, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to the
Registrants current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 8, 2010) |
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Bylaws (Incorporated by reference to the Form SB-2 Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission dated July 5, 2005.) |
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Amendment to Bylaws (Incorporated by reference to the Registrants current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
December 28, 2009) |
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2011, among Cereplast, Inc. and each investor identified on the
signature pages thereto (Incorporated by reference to the Registrants current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on
May 19, 2011.) |
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
Global Note (Incorporated by reference to the Registrants current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 24, 2011.) |
|
|
|
4.10
|
|
Indenture, dated as of May 24, 2011, among Cereplast, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Incorporated by
reference to the Registrants current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 24, 2011.) |
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
Opinion of Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP* |
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent of HJ Associates & Consultants, LLP* |
|
|
|
23.2
|
|
Consent of Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1)* |
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS
1. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file, during any period in which offers or
sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933.
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the
registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually
or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the
registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of
securities offered (if the total dollar value of
securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or
high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price
represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the
Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement.
II-2
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not
previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in
the registration statement.
Provided, however, that paragraphs (B)(1)(i) and (B)(1)(ii) of this section do not apply if the
registration statement is on Form S-3, Form S-8 or Form F-3, and the information required to be
included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed
with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of
the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
2. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any
liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, each such post-effective amendment shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof.
3. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to remove from registration by means of a
post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered that remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
4. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any
liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrants annual report pursuant to
Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an
employee benefit plans annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is
incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration
statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
5. The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for the purposes of determining
liability to any purchaser:
If the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as
part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements
relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to
be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after
effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus
that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed
incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the
registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first
use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus
that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such
date of first use.
6. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the undersigned
registrant according the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the undersigned registrant has been
advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a
claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of
expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the
successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or
controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a
court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.
II-3
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has
reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements of filing on Form S-3 and has
duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized in the City of El Segundo, State of California, on June 16, 2011.
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
Cereplast, Inc.
|
|
| |
By: |
/s/ Frederic Scheer
|
|
| |
|
Frederic Scheer |
|
| |
|
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer,) |
|
| |
| |
|
|
| |
|
/s/ Heather E. Sheehan
|
|
| |
|
Heather E. Sheehan |
|
| |
|
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
|
| |
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes
and appoints Frederic Scheer, as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of
substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all
capacities, to sign (1) any and all amendments to this Form S-3 (including post-effective
amendments) and (2) any registration statement or post-effective amendment thereto to be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933,
and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with
the Securities and Exchange Commission and any other regulatory authority, granting unto said
attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as
he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and
agent, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been
signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| |
|
|
|
|
| Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Frederic Scheer
|
|
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
|
|
June 16, 2011 |
|
|
(Principal
Executive Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Heather E. Sheehan
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
June 16, 2011 |
|
|
(Principal
Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jacques Vincent
|
|
Director
|
|
June 16, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Petros Kitsos
|
|
Director
|
|
June 16, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Craig Robert Peus
|
|
Director
|
|
June 16, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Franklin L. Hunt
|
|
Director
|
|
June 16, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
II-4