Income Taxes Level 3 (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

Income tax expense detail for the Company for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:



	2017			2016			2015
Current:
State and local	$	2		$	2		$	2
Foreign	19			34			25
Total current	21			36			27
Deferred:
Federal	(5		)	—			—
State and local	—			(1		)	—
Foreign	2			3			7
Total deferred	(3		)	2			7
Income tax expense	$	18		$	38		$	34

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

A reconciliation of the Company’s combined differences between income taxes computed at the federal statutory tax rate of 35% and provisions for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:



	2017			2016			2015
Income tax benefit computed at federal statutory tax rate	$	(77	)	$	(4	)	$	(8	)
State tax provision, net of federal benefits	—			—			1
Foreign tax rate (benefit) differential	(2		)	(18		)	(15		)
Foreign source (loss) income subject to U.S. taxation	(45		)	21			41
Losses (gains) and other expenses (income) not deductible (excluded) for tax	20			(4		)	1
(Decrease) increase in the taxes due to changes in valuation allowance	(129		)	42			17
Additional (benefit) expense on foreign unrepatriated earnings	—			(16		)	18
Additional expense (benefit) for uncertain tax positions	5			(3		)	3
Tax recognized in other comprehensive income	(3		)	—			(1		)
Changes in enacted tax laws and tax rates	167			—			(23		)
Transition tax expense	65			—			—
Write-off of deferred tax assets	17			20			—
Income tax expense	$	18		$	38		$	34

Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign [Table Text Block]

The domestic and foreign components of the Company’s loss before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:



	2017			2016			2015
Domestic	$	(143	)	$	(115	)	$	(242	)
Foreign	(77		)	104			220
Total	$	(220	)	$	(11	)	$	(22	)

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

The tax effects of significant temporary differences and net operating loss and credit carryforwards, which comprise the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:



	2017			2016
Assets:
Non-pension post-employment	$	5		$	5
Accrued and other expenses	53			94
Property, plant and equipment	1			2
Loss and credit carryforwards	477			589
Intangibles	6			6
Pension and postretirement benefit liabilities	47			51
Gross deferred tax assets	589			747
Valuation allowance	(522		)	(651		)
Net deferred tax asset	67			96
Liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment	(52		)	(71		)
Unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries	(9		)	(9		)
Intangible assets	(9		)	(19		)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	(70		)	(99		)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(3	)	$	(3	)

The following table summarizes the presentation of the Company’s net deferred tax liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2017 and 2016:



	2017			2016
Assets:
Long-term deferred income taxes	$	8		$	10
Liabilities:
Long-term deferred income taxes	(11		)	(13		)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(3	)	$	(3	)

Summary of Valuation Allowance [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes the changes in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:



	Balance at Beginning of Period		Changes in Related Gross Deferred Tax Assets/Liabilities			Charge			Balance at End of Period
Valuation allowance on Deferred tax assets:
Year ended December 31, 2015	$	588	$	6		$	17		$	611
Year ended December 31, 2016	611		(2		)	42			651
Year ended December 31, 2017	651		—			(129		)	522

Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Increases Resulting from Current Period Tax Positions

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:



	2017			2016
Balance at beginning of year	$	73		$	62
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	2			4
Additions for tax positions of prior years	1			42
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(1		)	(35		)
Settlements	—			—
Foreign currency translation	5			—
Balance at end of year	$	80		$	73