10-Q 1 y77078e10vq.htm FORM 10-Q FORM 10-Q
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                      .
Commission File Number 001-33451
BIODEL INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware   90-0136863
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (IRS Employer Identification No.)
     
100 Saw Mill Road    
Danbury, Connecticut   06810
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)
(203) 796-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
 
(Former Name, Former Address, and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). o Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
             
     Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer þ   Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)   Smaller reporting company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes þ No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock as of the latest practicable date: As of April 30, 2009 there were 23,722,826 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
 
 

 


 

BIODEL INC.
         
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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
       
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
 
       
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 EX-10.1
 EX-10.2
 EX-31.01
 EX-31.02
 EX-32.01

 


Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Condensed Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
                 
    September 30,     March 31,  
    2008     2009  
          (unaudited)  
ASSETS
               
Current:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 64,731     $ 60,025  
Marketable securities, available for sale
    25,552       12,042  
Taxes receivable
    1,988       2,145  
Prepaid and other assets
    1,130       875  
 
           
Total current assets
    93,401       75,087  
Property and equipment, net
    3,931       3,589  
Intellectual property, net
    59       57  
Other assets
    120        
 
           
Total assets
  $ 97,511     $ 78,733  
 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 813     $ 611  
Accrued expenses:
               
Clinical trial expenses
    4,163       5,150  
Payroll and related
    1,420       885  
Accounting and legal fees
    509       420  
Severance expense
    268       393  
Other
    839       586  
Income taxes payable
    1,012       1,116  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    9,024       9,161  
 
               
Commitments
               
 
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized
           
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 23,698,558 and 23,721,169 shares issued and outstanding
    237       237  
Additional paid-in capital
    171,506       174,160  
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
    (62 )     22  
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
    (83,194 )     (104,847 )
 
           
Total stockholders’ equity
    88,487       69,572  
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 97,511     $ 78,733  
 
           
See accompanying notes to financial statements.

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Table of Contents

Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Condensed Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
                                         
                                    December 3,  
                                    2003  
    Three Months Ended     Six Months Ended     (inception) to  
    March 31,     March 31,     March 31,  
    2008     2009     2008     2009     2009  
Revenue
  $     $     $     $     $  
 
                             
Operating expenses:
                                       
Research and development
    7,105       8,361       14,650       16,396       74,122  
General and administrative
    3,532       3,435       7,664       5,716       31,367  
 
                             
Total operating expenses
    10,637       11,796       22,314       22,112       105,489  
Other (income) and expense:
                                       
Interest and other income
    (1,111 )     (78 )     (1,783 )     (320 )     (5,423 )
Interest expense
                            78  
Loss on settlement of debt
                            627  
 
                             
Operating loss before tax provision (benefit)
    (9,526 )     (11,718 )     (20,531 )     (21,792 )     (100,771 )
Tax provision (benefit)
    31       (89 )     53       (139 )     (984 )
 
                             
Net loss
    (9,557 )     (11,629 )     (20,584 )     (21,653 )     (99,787 )
Charge for accretion of beneficial conversion rights
                            (603 )
Deemed dividend — warrants
                            (4,457 )
 
                             
Net loss applicable to common stockholders
  $ (9,557 )   $ (11,629 )   $ (20,584 )   $ (21,653 )   $ (104,847 )
 
                             
Net loss per share — basic and diluted
  $ (0.43 )   $ (0.49 )   $ (0.97 )   $ (0.91 )        
 
                               
Weighted average shares outstanding — basic and diluted
    22,045,400       23,717,800       21,116,654       23,698,558          
 
                               
See accompanying notes to financial statements.

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Table of Contents

Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
                                                                                 
                                                            Accumu-     Deficit        
                                                            lated Other     Accumu-        
    Common Stock     Series A Preferred Stock     Series B Preferred Stock     Additional     Compre-     lated During     Total  
    $.01 Par Value     $.01 Par Value     $.01 Par Value     Paid in     hensive     the Develop-     Stockholders’  
    Shares     Amt     Shares     Amt     Shares     Amt     Capital     Income     ment Stage     Equity  
Shares issued to employees
    732,504     $ 7           $           $     $ (7 )   $     $     $  
January 2004 Proceeds from sale of common stock
    4,581,240       46                               1,308                   1,354  
Net loss
                                                    (774 )     (774 )
 
                                                           
Balance, September 30, 2004
    5,313,744       53                               1,301             (774 )     580  
Additional stockholder contributions
                                        514                   514  
Share-based compensation
                                        353                   353  
Shares issued to employees and directors for services
    42,656       1                               60                   61  
July 2005 Private placement — Sale of Series A preferred stock, net of issuance costs of $379
                569,000       6                   2,460                   2,466  
Founder’s compensation contributed to capital
                                        63                   63  
Net loss
                                                    (3,383 )     (3,383 )
 
                                                           
Balance, September 30, 2005
    5,356,400       54       569,000       6                   4,751             (4,157 )     654  
Share-based compensation
                                        1,132                   1,132  
July 2006 Private placement — Sale of Series B preferred stock, net of issuance costs of $1,795
                            5,380,711       54       19,351                   19,405  
July 2006 — Series B preferred stock units issued July 2006 to settle debt
                            817,468       8       3,194                   3,202  
Shares issued to employees and directors for services
    4,030                                     23                   23  
Accretion of fair value of beneficial conversion charge
                                        603             (603 )      
Net loss
                                                    (8,068 )     (8,068 )
 
                                                           
Balance, September 30, 2006
    5,360,430       54       569,000       6       6,198,179       62       29,054             (12,828 )     16,348  
May 2007 Proceeds from sale of common stock
    5,750,000       58                               78,697                   78,755  
Conversion of preferred stock on May 16, 2007
    6,407,008       64       (569,000 )     (6 )     (6,198,179 )     (62 )     4                    
Share-based compensation
                                        4,224                   4,224  
Shares issued to employees, non-employees and directors for services
    2,949                                     16                   16  
Stock options exercised
    3,542                                     5                   5  
March 2007 Warrants exercised
    2,636,907       26                               397                   423  
Deemed dividend — warrants
                                        4,457             (4,457 )      
Net loss
                                                    (22,548 )     (22,548 )
 
                                                           

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
                                                                                 
                                                            Accumu-     Deficit        
                                    lated Other     Accumu-        
    Common Stock     Series A Preferred Stock     Series B Preferred Stock     Additional     Compre-     lated During     Total  
    $.01 Par Value     $.01 Par Value     $.01 Par Value     Paid in     hensive     the Develop-     Stockholders’  
    Shares     Amt     Shares     Amt     Shares     Amt     Capital     Income     ment Stage     Equity  
Balance, September 30, 2007
    20,160,836       202                               116,854             (39,833 )     77,223  
Proceeds from sale of common stock
    3,260,000       32                               46,785                   46,817  
Issuance of restricted stock
    9,714                                     172                   172  
Share-based compensation
                                        6,503                   6,503  
Stock options exercised
    174,410       1                               901                   902  
Warrants exercised
    79,210       1                               111                   112  
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on Marketable Securities
                                              (62 )           (62 )
Proceeds from sale of stock — ESPP
    14,388       1                               180                   181  
Net loss
                                                    (43,361 )     (43,361 )
 
                                                           
Balance, September 30, 2008
    23,698,558       237                               171,506       (62 )     (83,194 )     88,487  
Share-based compensation
                                        2,615                   2,615  
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on Marketable Securities
                                              84             84  
Stock options exercised
    8,919                                     12                   12  
Proceeds from sale of stock — ESPP
    13,692                                     27                   27  
Net loss
                                                    (21,653 )     (21,653 )
 
                                                           
Balance, March 31, 2009 (unaudited)
    23,721,169     $ 237           $           $     $ 174,160     $ 22     $ (104,847 )   $ 69,572  
 
                                                           
See accompanying notes to financial statements.

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Table of Contents

Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
                         
                    December 3, 2003  
    Six months ended     (inception) to  
    March 31,     March 31,  
    2008     2009     2009  
Cash flows from operating activities:
                       
Net loss
  $ (20,584 )   $ (21,653 )   $ (99,787 )
 
                 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    201       420       1,692  
Founder’s compensation contributed to capital
                271  
Share-based compensation for employees and directors
    3,969       2,525       12,759  
Share-based compensation for non-employees
    266       90       2,321  
Loss on settlement of debt
                627  
Write-off of capitalized patent expense
                208  
Write-off of loan to related party
                41  
Income tax receivable
          (157 )     (2,145 )
Increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses
    299       375       (875 )
Increase (decrease) in:
                       
Accounts payable
    690       (202 )     611  
Income taxes payable
    (99 )     104       1,116  
Accrued expenses
    990       235       7,653  
 
                 
Total adjustments
    6,316       3,390       24,279  
 
                 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (14,268 )     (18,263 )     (75,508 )
 
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Purchase of property and equipment
    (1,837 )     (77 )     (5,249 )
Purchase of marketable securities
    (3,803 )           (25,614 )
Sale of marketable securities
          13,595       13,595  
Acquisition of intellectual property
    (28 )           (298 )
Loan to related party
                (41 )
 
                 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    (5,668 )     13,518       (17,607 )
 
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Options exercised
    788       12       919  
Warrants exercised
    112             535  
Employee stock purchase plan
    81       27       208  
Deferred public offering costs
                (1,458 )
Stockholder contribution
                1,660  
Net proceeds from sale of Series A preferred stock
                2,466  
Net proceeds from sale of common stock
    46,817             127,030  
Proceeds from bridge financing
                2,575  
Net proceeds from sale of Series B preferred stock
                  19,205  
 
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
    47,798       39       153,140  
 
                 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    27,862       (4,706 )     60,025  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    80,022       64,731        
 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 107,884     $ 60,025     $ 60,025  
 
                 

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Table of Contents

Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
                         
                    December 3,  
                    2003  
    Six months ended     (inception) to  
    March 31,     March 31,  
    2008     2009     2009  
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
                       
Cash paid for interest and income taxes was:
                       
Interest
  $     $     $ 9  
Income taxes
    88       85       220  
Non-cash financing and investing activities:
                       
Settlement of debt with Series B preferred stock
                3,202  
Accrued expenses settled with Series B preferred stock
                150  
Deemed dividend — warrants
                4,457  
Accretion of fair value of beneficial charge on preferred stock
                603  
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock
                68  
 
                 
See accompanying notes to financial statements.

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Table of Contents

Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
1. Business and Basis of Presentation
  Business
     Biodel Inc. (“Biodel” or the “Company”, and formerly Global Positioning Group Ltd.) is a development stage specialty biopharmaceutical company located in Danbury, Connecticut. The Company was incorporated in the State of Delaware on December 3, 2003 and commenced operations in January 2004. The Company is focused on the development and commercialization of innovative treatments for endocrine disorders, such as diabetes and osteoporosis. The Company develops product candidates by applying its proprietary formulation technologies to existing drugs in order to improve their therapeutic results. The Company’s initial development efforts are focused on peptide hormones. The Company’s most advanced product candidate, VIAject®, has been studied in two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Earlier stage product candidates include VIAtab™, a sublingual tablet formulation of insulin and two preclinical product candidates for the treatment of osteoporosis. The Company has developed all of its product candidates utilizing its proprietary VIAdel™ technology that allows the Company to study the interaction between peptide hormones and small molecules.
     VIAject® is the Company’s proprietary injectable formulation of recombinant human insulin designed to be absorbed into the blood faster than the currently marketed rapid-acting insulin analogs. The Company has completed two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject®, one in patients with Type 1 diabetes and the other in patients with Type 2 diabetes. In both clinical trials the Company compared VIAject® to Humulin® R, a form of recombinant human insulin. The Company believes that results from both Phase 3 studies showed that VIAject® was non-inferior to Humulin® R in terms of glucose control, when measured by the mean change in patients’ hemoglobin A1c (“HbA1c”) levels. The results also demonstrated lower incidence of hypoglycemia and less weight gain in patients receiving VIAject® as compared to patients receiving Humulin® R.
     The Company, in March 2009, announced its plan to submit a New Drug Application (“NDA”) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) in the second half of calendar year 2009 for approval to market VIAject® for the treatment of diabetes. The NDA will be based upon results from multiple pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies as well as the two completed Phase 3 studies of VIAject® in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The Company believes VIAject® can improve the management of blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes by more closely mimicking the natural first-phase insulin release that healthy individuals experience at mealtime.
     The Company completed a 40 patient bioequivalence clinical trial of VIAject® in January 2009. The VIAject® formulation used in the pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials was a two vial presentation, with one vial containing lyophilized insulin and the second vial containing 10cc of the proprietary VIAject® diluent, which upon reconstitution yields a concentration of 25 IU/cc. The Company has developed a pre-mixed, liquid formulation of VIAject® at a concentration of 100 IU/cc, which is the formulation which marketing approval will be sought. This formulation is being developed in two presentations: vials for use with syringes and insulin pumps and cartridges for both disposable and reusable pen injectors. The bioequivalence trial successfully demonstrated that the liquid 100 IU/cc formulation is bioequivalent to the 25 IU/cc two-part lyophilized presentation. The Company plans to conduct additional trials to further improve VIAject’s® commercial prospects.
Basis of Presentation
     The financial statements have been prepared by the Company and are unaudited. In the opinion of management, the Company has made all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (US GAAP) have been condensed or omitted. These condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the September 30, 2008 audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in the 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 11, 2008. The results of operations for the six months ended March 31, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year or any other interim period.
     The Company is in the development stage, as defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 7, Accounting and Reporting by Development Stage Enterprises, as its primary activities since incorporation have been establishing its facilities, recruiting personnel, conducting research and development, business development, business and financial planning and raising capital.

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
Recently Adopted and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Fair Value Measurement
     In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurement (“SFAS No. 157”). This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB approved FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (“FSP 157-2”), that permits companies to partially defer the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for one year for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a nonrecurring basis. FSP 157-2 does not permit companies to defer recognition and disclosure requirements for financial assets and financial liabilities or for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are re-measured at least annually. SFAS No. 157 therefore is effective for financial assets and financial liabilities and for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are re-measured at least annually for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. It is effective for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a nonrecurring basis for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company has assessed the impact of this statement to the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company has adopted this statement for financial assets and liabilities (See Note 3). The Company does not expect the adoption of this statement for non-financial assets and liabilities recognized at fair value on a nonrecurring basis to have a material effect on these condensed financial statements.
     In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS No. 159”). This statement permits entities to choose to measure at fair value many financial instruments and certain other items such as investments, debt and derivative instruments. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company has adopted SFAS No. 159 and there was no material effect on its financial position and results of operations.
Derivatives
     In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk related contingent features in derivative agreements. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company has adopted SFAS No. 161. As SFAS No. 161 only requires additional disclosures concerning derivatives and hedging activities, this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.
  Recent Accounting Pronouncements
     In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. The statement retains the purchase method of accounting for acquisitions, but requires a number of changes, including changes in the way assets and liabilities are recognized in the purchase accounting. It also changes the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contingencies, requires the capitalization of in-process research and development at fair value, and requires the expensing of acquisition-related costs as incurred. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company is still evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 141(R) and does not expect it to have a material effect on its financial position and results of operations.
     In April 2009, the FASB issued three final Staff Positions (“FSPs”) intended to provide additional application guidance and enhance disclosures regarding fair value measurements and impairments of securities. These FSPs are effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009.
     FSP FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly (“FSP 157-4”), provides guidelines for making fair value measurements more consistent with the principles presented in SFAS No. 157 and relates to determining fair values when there is no active market or where the price inputs being used represent distressed sales.
     FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments (“FSP 115-2 and 124-2”), provide additional guidance on presenting impairment losses on securities to bring consistency to the timing of impairment recognition, and provide clarity to investors about the credit and noncredit components of impaired debt securities that are not expected to be sold. FSP 115-2 and 124-2 also require increased and timely disclosures sought by investors regarding expected cash flows, credit losses, and an aging of securities with unrealized losses.

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
     FSP FAS 107-1 and Accounting Principles Board Opinion 28-1 (“APB 28-1”), Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments (“FSP 107-1”), increases the frequency of fair value disclosures required by Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 107, Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments (SFAS No. 107). FSP 107-1 relates to fair value disclosures for any financial instruments that are not currently reflected on the balance sheet of companies at fair value. Prior to issuing FSP 107-1, fair values for these assets and liabilities were only required to be disclosed once a year. FSP 107-1 now requires these disclosures on a quarterly basis, providing qualitative and quantitative information about fair value estimates for all those financial instruments not measured on the balance sheet at fair value.
     The Company is still evaluating the impact of FSP 157-4, FSP 115-2 and 124-2, and FSP 107-1, if any, but does not expect them to have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
2. Marketable Securities
     The Company classifies marketable securities as available for sale and accounts for marketable securities in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (“SFAS No. 115”). SFAS No. 115 addresses the accounting and reporting for investments in fixed maturity securities and for equity securities with readily determinable fair values. The Company determines the appropriate classification of debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date.
     The Company invests in certain marketable securities, which consist primarily of short-to-intermediate-term debt securities issued by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies and municipalities and investment grade corporate securities. The Company only invests in marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to ensure portfolio liquidity and the ability to readily convert investments into cash to fund current operations, or satisfy other cash requirements as needed. Due to the nature of the Company as a development stage company and its funding needs at times being uncertain, the Company has classified all marketable securities as available-for-sale. The unrealized gains and losses on these securities, are included in accumulated other comprehensive income as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The specific-identification method is used to determine the cost of a security sold or the amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings.
     The Company conducts periodic reviews to identify and evaluate each investment that has an unrealized loss, in accordance with FASB Staff Position No. 115-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. Any unrealized loss identified as other-than-temporary is recorded directly in the Statement of Operations.
     Marketable securities classified as available for sale are measured at fair value based on quoted market prices. The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of investment securities at March 31, 2009 are summarized below. The securities listed as of March 31, 2009 mature on various dates through August 2009.
                                 
    March 31, 2009  
    Amortized     Gross Unrealized     Fair  
    Cost     Gains     Losses     Value  
Short term marketable securities
                               
US government agency securities
    9,024       17             9,041  
Corporate and agency bonds
    1,000       1             1,001  
Discount and bank notes
    1,996       4             2,000  
 
                       
Total
  $ 12,020     $ 22     $     $ 12,042  
 
                       
     The securities listed as of March 31, 2009 mature on various dates through August 2009. Contractual maturities of available-for-sale debt securities at March 31, 2009 are as follows:
         
    Estimated  
    Fair Value  
Within one year
  $ 2,000  
1-5 years
    10,042  
 
     
Total
  $ 12,042  
 
     
The Company classifies all its marketable securities as current.

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
3. Fair Value Measurement
     In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157. SFAS No. 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 became effective October 1, 2008 for the Company. The fair value framework requires the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets or liabilities. The three levels of inputs used are as follows:
Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.
     As of March 31, 2009, the Company’s only assets that fell under the scope of SFAS No. 157 were its investments — marketable securities. The fair values of the marketable securities were based on quoted market prices. Accordingly, the Company’s fair value measurements of its marketable securities are classified as a Level 1 input.
     The fair value of the Company’s financial assets carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis is as follows:
                                 
            Quoted Prices in     Significant Other     Significant  
        Active Markets     Observable     Unobservable  
    Fair Value at     for Identical Assets     Market Inputs     Inputs  
Description   March 31, 2009     (Level 1)     (Level 2)     (Level 3)  
Assets:
                               
Money Market Fund
  $ 59,103     $ 59,103     $     $  
US government agency securities
    9,041       9,041              
Corporate and agency bonds
    1,001       1,001              
Discount and bank notes
    2,000       2,000              
 
                       
Total
  $ 71,145     $ 71,145     $     $  
 
                       
4. Share-Based Compensation
     The Company applies SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payments, (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) on a retrospective basis, to account for awards granted under the Company’s 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. SFAS No. 123(R) requires the Company to recognize share-based compensation arising from compensatory share-based transactions using the fair value at the grant date of the award. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. The Company uses an option-pricing model (Black-Scholes pricing model) to assist in the calculation of fair value. Due to its limited history, the Company uses the “calculated value method” which relies on comparable company historical volatility and uses the average of (i) the weighted average vesting period and (ii) the contractual life of the option, or eight years, as the estimated term of the option. The Company bases its estimates of expected volatility on the median historical volatility of a group of publicly traded companies that it believes are comparable to the Company based on the criteria set forth in SFAS No. 123(R), particularly in terms of line of business, stage of development, size and financial leverage.
     The risk free rate of interest for periods within the contractual life of the stock option award is based on the yield of U.S. Treasury strips on the date the award is granted with a maturity similar to the expected term of the award. The Company estimates forfeitures based on actual forfeitures during its limited history. Additionally, the Company has assumed that dividends will not be paid.

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
     For stock options granted to non-employees, the Company measures fair value of the equity instruments utilizing the Black-Scholes model, if that value is more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration or service received. The fair value of these instruments are periodically revalued as the options vest, and are recognized as expense over the related period of service or vesting period, whichever is longer. The total compensation charge for options granted to non-employees for the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009 was $419, $12, $266 and $90, respectively.
     The Company expenses ratably over the vesting period the cost of the stock options granted to employees and directors. The total compensation charge for the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009 was $2,166, $1,377, $3,969 and $2,525, respectively. At March 31, 2009, the total compensation charge related to non-vested options to employees and directors and non-employee consultants not yet recognized was $12,064 which will be recognized over the next four years assuming the employees complete their service period for vesting of the options.
     The following table summarizes the stock option activity during the six months ended March 31, 2009:
                                 
                    Weighted        
            Weighted     Average        
            Average     Remaining        
            Exercise     Contractual     Aggregate  
    Number     Price     Life in Years     Intrinsic Value  
Outstanding options, September 30, 2008
    3,135,390     $ 13.92             $ 832,000  
Granted
    611,500       2.69                  
Exercised
    8,919       1.41             $ 34,000  
Forfeited, expired
    (142,842 )     16.69                  
 
                           
Outstanding options, March 31, 2009
    3,595,129     $ 11.88       6     $ 2,465,000  
 
                         
Exercisable options, March 31, 2009
    1,651,756     $ 10.63       6     $ 1,296,000  
 
                         
     The Black-Scholes pricing model assumptions for the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009 are determined as discussed below:
                                 
    Three Months ended   Six Months Ended
    March 31,   March 31,
    2008   2009   2008   2009
Expected life (in years)
    5.25       5.25       5.25       5.25  
Expected volatility
    58% – 66 %     61%-62 %     58% – 66 %     59% – 62 %
Expected dividend yield
    0 %     0 %     0 %     0 %
Risk-free interest rate
    2.46% – 3.54 %     1.51%-1.99 %     2.46% – 4.23 %     1%-1.99 %
Weighted average grant date fair value
  $ 7.55     $ 3.75     $ 9.41     $ 2.69  
2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
     The Company’s 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“the Purchase Plan”) was adopted by its Board of Directors and approved by its stockholders on March 20, 2007. The Purchase Plan became effective upon the closing of the Company’s initial public offering. The Purchase Plan is intended to qualify as an employee stock purchase plan within the meaning of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code.
     Under the Purchase Plan, eligible employees may contribute up to 15% of their eligible earnings for the period of that offering withheld for the purchase of common stock under the Purchase Plan. The employee’s purchase price is equal to the lower of: 85% of the fair market value per share on the start date of the offering period in which the employee is enrolled or 85% of the fair market value per share on the semi-annual purchase date. The Purchase Plan imposes a limitation upon a participant’s right to acquire common stock if immediately after the purchase the employee would own 5% or more of the total combined voting power or value of the Company’s common stock or of any of its affiliates not eligible to participate in the Purchase Plan. When the purchase price for a new offering period is lower than previously established purchase price(s) participants in the Purchase Plan are automatically rolled over into the lower-priced offering. Additionally, participants may elect to enroll in any new offering at the time the offering commences. However, participants may only be enrolled in a single offering at any given time. Offering periods are twenty-seven months in length. The compensation cost in connection with the Purchase Plan for the six months

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
ended March 31, 2008 and 2009 were $22 and $43, respectively, in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R) and Financial Accounting Standards Board, Technical Bulletin No. 97-1 (As Amended) Accounting under Statement 123 for Certain Employee Stock Purchase Plan with a Look-Back Option (“FTB No. 97-1”). The Purchase Plan is considered compensation under SFAS No. 123(R) and FTB No. 97-1.
     An aggregate of 1,500,000 shares of common stock are reserved for issuance pursuant to purchase rights to be granted to the Company’s eligible employees under the Purchase Plan. The Purchase Plan shares are replenished annually on the first day of each calendar year by virtue of an evergreen provision. The provision allows for share replenishment equal to the lesser of 1% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on that date or 100,000 shares. As of March 31, 2009, a total of 1,471,920 shares were reserved and available for issuance under the Purchase Plan. As of March 31, 2009, the Company issued 28,080 shares under the Purchase Plan.
5. Income Taxes
     Effective October 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”) when accounting for its uncertain tax positions. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a company’s income tax return, and also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 utilizes a two-step approach for evaluating uncertain tax positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 109. Step one, recognition, requires a company to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Step two, measurement, is based on the largest amount of exposure, which is more likely than not to be realized on ultimate settlement.
     The Company did not have any liabilities for unrecognized tax positions as of October 1, 2007 (adoption date). As of the six months ended March 31, 2009, a FIN 48 liability adjustment of $160 was recorded. The adjustment relates to the uncertainty of available tax credits. The Company did not have any amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect its effective tax rate. The FIN 48 liability does not include interest or penalties based on the nature of the liability. The Company plans to treat any future interest or penalties as operating expense.
     The Company files U.S. federal and state tax returns and has determined that its major tax jurisdictions are the United States and Connecticut. The tax years ended in 2004 through 2007 remain open and subject to examination by the appropriate governmental agencies in the United States and Connecticut.
     The Company’s effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, was 0% for both periods, and differs from the federal statutory rate of 34% primarily due to the effects of state income taxes and valuation allowance.
6. Net Loss per Share
     Basic and diluted net loss per share has been calculated by dividing net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. All potentially dilutive common shares have been excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding, as their inclusion would be antidilutive.
     The amount of options and warrants excluded are as follows:
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Six Months Ended
    March 31,   March 31,
    2008   2009   2008   2009
Common shares underlying warrants for Series A
                               
Preferred Stock
    118,815       118,815       118,815       118,815  
Stock options
    2,972,768       3,595,129       2,972,768       3,595,129  
7. Commitments
Former General Counsel Severance Agreement
     Effective January 1, 2009, R. Timmis Ware, the Company’s former General Counsel and Secretary, resigned from all his positions with the Company. Pursuant to the Company’s severance agreement with Mr. Ware, Mr. Ware will receive a bonus, continuation of salary and certain benefits until June 30, 2010. Furthermore, the agreement permits for the acceleration of the vesting of options to purchase 170,445 shares of common stock at exercise prices between $1.41 through $18.16 that remain exercisable through the original expiration date. The charge of approximately $277 for the lump sum payment, salary and benefit continuation for eighteen months and option acceleration modification

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Biodel Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
charge of approximately $100 have been recorded in the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009 the Company has paid $46 of the $277 obligation, which leaves liabilities of $231 as short term obligations.
Severance Accrual
     In November 2008, the Company initiated a staff reduction and eliminated five positions. The Company recorded a charge of $137 for severance and benefit continuation. As of March 31, 2009, the Company has paid $132 of the $137 obligation, which leaves liabilities of $5 as a short term obligation. In addition, due to the additional COBRA requirements required by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the Company has recorded a charge of $19, which leaves liabilities of $19 as short term obligations.
Former Chief Financial Officer Severance Agreement
     On November 13, 2007, F. Scott Reding, the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer, resigned from all his positions with the Company. In connection with Mr. Reding’s resignation, the Company and Mr. Reding entered into a severance agreement that established the terms of Mr. Reding’s separation of employment. The charge of $482 for the lump sum payment, salary and benefit continuation for two years and were recorded in the year ended September 30, 2008. The charge of $482 includes lump sum payment and payment for the continuation of salary and certain benefits for two years. As of March 31, 2009, the Company has adjusted the obligation by $5 and paid $339 of the $482 obligation, which leaves liabilities of $138 as a short term obligation.
  Leases
     On December 1, 2008, the Company entered into a lease agreement (the “Lease”) with Mulvaney Properties LLC to lease a facility located in Danbury, Connecticut (the “Leased Premises”) for fourteen months beginning December 1, 2008 and ending January 30, 2010, at a total lease and operating cost of $49. The Company has agreed to use the Leased Premises only for offices, laboratories, research, development and light manufacturing. Upon 180 days written notice prior to the expiration of the Lease, the Company may renew the Lease for one additional year under the same terms and conditions.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
     This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenues, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words.
     Our forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are subject to a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those described or implied in the forward-looking statements, including:
    our ability to secure approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for our product candidates under Section 505(b)(2) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, or FFDCA;
 
    our ability to file our New Drug Application, or NDA, for VIAject® by the end of the calendar year 2009 as planned and, once filed, the length of time that will elapse before our NDA is fully reviewed by the FDA;
 
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for VIAject® without conducting additional pivotal clinical trials;
 
    the FDA’s findings regarding data anomalies observed in India in our Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject® for patients with Type 1 diabetes;
 
    our ability to market, commercialize and achieve market acceptance for product candidates, particularly VIAject®, developed using our VIAdel™ technology;
 
    the progress, timing or success of our product candidates, particularly VIAject®, and that of our research, development and clinical programs, including any resulting data analyses;
 
    our ability to enter into collaboration arrangements for the commercialization of our product candidates and the success or failure of any such collaborations that we enter, or our ability to commercialize our product candidates ourselves;
 
    our ability to enforce our patent for VIAject® and secure patents for our other product candidates;
 
    our ability to protect our intellectual property and operate our business without infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others;
 
    the rate and degree of market acceptance and clinical utility of our products;
 
    the ability of our major suppliers, including suppliers of insulin, to produce our product or products in our final dosage form;
 
    our commercialization, marketing and manufacturing capabilities and strategy; and
 
    our ability to accurately estimate anticipated operating losses, future revenues, capital requirements and our needs for additional financing.
     We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly in “Part II Item 1A — Risk Factors,” that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make.
     You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we have filed as exhibits to the hereto and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. It is routine for internal projections and expectations to change as the year or each quarter in the year progresses, and therefore it should be clearly understood that the internal projections and beliefs upon which we base our expectations are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and may change prior to the end of each quarter or the year. While we may elect to update forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
     You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q . Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Form 10-Q , including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and related financing, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should read the “Risk Factors” section of this Form 10-Q (see Part II-Item 1A below) for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.
Overview
     We are a specialty biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative treatments for endocrine disorders such as diabetes and osteoporosis, which may be safer, more effective and convenient. We develop our product candidates by applying our proprietary formulation technologies to existing drugs in order to improve their therapeutic results. Our initial development efforts are focused on peptide hormones.
     Our most advanced product candidate is VIAject®, a proprietary injectable formulation of recombinant human insulin designed to be absorbed into the blood faster than the currently marketed rapid-acting insulin analogs. We completed two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject®, one in patients with Type 1 diabetes and the other in patients with Type 2 diabetes. In addition to VIAject®, we are developing VIAtab™, a sublingual, or below the tongue, tablet formulation of insulin. We have tested one formulation of VIAtab™ in Phase 1 trials in patients with Type 1 diabetes and plan to develop additional formulations for further clinical testing. We are developing VIAtab™ as a potential treatment for patients with Type 2 diabetes who are in the early stages of their disease. In addition to our insulin programs, we have two preclinical product candidates for the treatment of osteoporosis — VIAmass™ and VIAcal™. VIAmass™ is a sublingual rapid-acting formulation of parathyroid hormone 1-34. VIAcal™ is a sublingual rapid-acting formulation of salmon calcitonin. Pending further development of our regulatory plans for VIAject®, we have suspended significant expenditures for these earlier stage product candidates, as we believe that focusing our resources on the later-stage VIAject® program provides our best opportunity to maximize stockholder value.
     We have developed all of our product candidates utilizing our proprietary VIAdel™ technology which allows us to study the interaction between peptide hormones and small molecules. We use our technology to reformulate existing peptide drugs with small molecule ingredients that are generally regarded as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, to improve their therapeutic effect by entering the blood more rapidly and in greater quantities.
Recent Developments
     In March 2009, we announced our plan to submit an NDA to the FDA in the second half of this calendar year to market VIAject® for the treatment of diabetes. After reviewing all of the data from the two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials with regulatory consultants and meeting with the FDA staff, we decided to proceed with the submission of our NDA under section 505(b)(2) of the FFDCA. The NDA will be based upon results from multiple pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies as well as two completed Phase 3 studies of VIAject® in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. We intend to seek approval for the 100 IU/cc liquid formulation of VIAject®, which is bioequivalent to the two-part 25 IU/cc lyophilized powder formulation of VIAject® that was used in our pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials.
     In September 2008, we reported that preliminary efficacy results from patients with Type 1 diabetes in India in our Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject® were not comparable to results from patients in the United States and Germany. While non-inferiority of VIAject® to Humulin® R was achieved without the data from India, it was not achieved when the data from India was included. We identified probable causes for the variance in the data from India with assistance of regulatory consultants and presented the results to the FDA in January 2009 in our pre-NDA briefing package. Among the causes noted in the briefing package, an identifiable subset of blood samples from patients in India was found to be compromised due to excessive heat exposure in transit to a central laboratory. When the compromised samples are removed from the efficacy analysis, non-inferiority in both the Type 1 and Type 2 trials is achieved.
     We completed a 40 patient bioequivalence clinical trial of VIAject® in January 2009. The VIAject® formulation used in the pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials was a two vial presentation, with one vial containing lyophilized insulin and the second vial containing 10cc of the proprietary VIAject® diluent, which upon reconstitution yields a concentration of 25 IU/cc. We have developed a pre-mixed, liquid formulation of VIAject® at a concentration of 100 IU/cc, which will be the formulation in the NDA. This formulation is being developed in two presentations: vials for use with syringes and insulin pumps and cartridges for both disposable and reusable pen injectors. The bioequivalence trial successfully demonstrated that the liquid 100 IU/cc formulation is bioequivalent to the 25 IU/cc two-part lyophilized presentation.
     The trial studying the bioquivalence of the 25 IU/cc and 100 IU/cc formulations also compared the relative levels of injection site discomfort associated with the two formulations. Each of the 40 patients in the trial received both the 25 IU/cc and 100 IU/cc formulations and were asked to compare the pain intensity upon injection of each formulation with the pain associated with the prandial insulin they normally utilized. While 20% of the study subjects reported that the pain upon injection was “moderately” or “greatly” increased when injected with the 25 IU/cc, only 5% of the subjects reported “moderately” more pain and no patients reported greatly more pain when injected with the 100 IU/cc formulation. Thirty percent of subjects who received the 25 IU/cc formulation and 45% of subjects upon receiving the 100 IU/cc formulation reported no pain with injection. For the balance of the 25 IU/cc and 100 IU/cc injections, subjects reported little to no difference in pain compared to the prandial insulin they normally used.
     We plan to conduct additional clinical trials designed to generate additional data to enhance the potential marketing of VIAject®.

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     We are a development stage company. We were incorporated in December 2003 and commenced active operations in January 2004. To date, we have generated no revenues and have incurred significant losses. We have financed our operations and internal growth through our initial public offering in May 2007 and follow-on offering in February 2008 and prior to that, private placements of convertible preferred stock and other securities. We have devoted substantially all of our efforts to research and development activities, including clinical trials. Our net loss applicable to common stockholders was $21.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, we had a deficit accumulated during the development stage of $104.8 million. The deficit accumulated during the development stage is attributable primarily to our research and development activities. Research and development and general and administrative expenses represent approximately 70% and 30%, respectively, of the net loss that we have incurred since our inception. We expect to continue to generate significant losses as we continue to develop our product candidates.
Financial Operations Overview
Revenues
     To date, we have generated no revenues. We do not expect to begin generating any revenues unless any of our product candidates receive marketing approval or if we receive payments in connection with strategic collaborations that we may enter into for the commercialization of our product candidates.
Research and Development Expenses
     Research and development expenses consist of the cost associated with our basic research activities, as well as the costs associated with our drug development efforts, conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials, manufacturing development efforts and activities related to regulatory filings. Our research and development expenses consist of:
    external research and development expenses incurred under agreements with third-party contract research organizations and investigative sites, third-party manufacturing organizations and consultants;
 
    employee-related expenses, which include salaries and benefits for the personnel involved in our preclinical and clinical drug development and manufacturing activities; and
 
    facilities, depreciation and other allocated expenses, which include direct and allocated expenses for rent and maintenance of facilities, depreciation of leasehold improvements and equipment and laboratory and other supplies.
     While we have suspended significant expenditures on VIAtab™, VIAmass™, VIAcal™ and any enlargement of our laboratory facilities pending further development of our regulatory plans for VIAject®, we expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for the next several years as we:
    continue our clinical trial extension program for the pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject®, which is designed to run through the eighteenth month of patient treatment, subject to compassionate use exceptions, if any;
 
    conduct additional clinical trials of VIAject® to support our commercialization efforts and, potentially, FDA approval; and
 
    purchase recombinant human insulin and other materials to build commercial supply inventory for VIAject®.
     If we obtain regulatory approval for VIAject®, research and development expenses may increase significantly as we prepare for the commercial launch of VIAject® and reinvigorate development work on our early stage product candidates.
     We have used our employee and infrastructure resources across multiple research projects, including our drug development programs. To date, we have not tracked expenses related to our product development activities on a program-by-program basis. Accordingly, we cannot reasonably estimate the amount of research and development expenses that we incurred with respect to each of our clinical and preclinical product candidates. However, substantially all of our research and development expenses incurred to date are attributable to our VIAject® program.
     The following table illustrates, for each period presented, our research and development costs by nature of the cost.
                                         
                                    December 3, 2003  
                                    (Inception) to  
    Three Months Ended March 31,     Six Months Ended March 31,     March 31,  
    2008     2009     2008     2009     2009  
    (in thousands)          
Research and development expenses:
                                       
Preclinical expenses
  $ 788     $ 623     $ 1,632     $ 1,580     $ 11,124  
Manufacturing expenses
    672       2,652       1,856       5,283       15,670  
Clinical/regulatory expenses
    5,645       5,086       11,162       9,533       47,328  
 
                             
Total
  $ 7,105     $ 8,361     $ 14,650     $ 16,396     $ 74,122  
 
                             

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     The successful development of our product candidates is highly uncertain. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, specific timing and estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the remainder of the development of, or the period, if any, in which material net cash inflows may commence from our product candidates. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing drugs, including the uncertainty of:
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for our product candidates under Section 505(b)(2) of the FFDCA;
 
    our ability to file our NDA for VIAject® by the end of the calendar year 2009 as planned and, once filed, the length of time that will elapse before our NDA is fully reviewed by the FDA;
 
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for VIAject® without conducting additional pivotal clinical trials;
 
    the FDA’s findings regarding data anomalies observed in India in our Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject® for patients with Type 1 diabetes;
 
    the size, endpoints and duration of additional clinical trials of VIAject® to support our commercialization efforts and, potentially, FDA approval;
 
    the cost to fully develop the 100 IU/cc liquid formulation of VIAject®;
 
    the cost to develop an insulin pen program for use with VIAject®;
 
    the costs of pre-commercialization activities, including increased insulin purchases;
 
    the costs associated with qualifying and obtaining regulatory approval of suppliers of insulin and manufacturers of our product candidates;
 
    the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications and maintaining, enforcing and defending intellectual property-related claims;
 
    the emergence of competing technologies and products and other adverse market developments; and
 
    our ability to establish and maintain collaborations and the terms and success of the collaborations, including the timing and amount of payments that we might receive from potential strategic collaborators.
     A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of VIAject® or our other product candidates could mean a significant change in the costs and timing associated with product development. For example, if the FDA or other regulatory authority were to require us to conduct an additional pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject®, we could be required to expend significant additional financial resources and time on the completion of that clinical development program.
  General and Administrative Expenses
     General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel, including stock-based compensation expenses, in our executive, legal, accounting, finance and information technology functions. Other general and administrative expenses include facility-related costs not otherwise allocated to research and development expense, travel expenses, costs associated with industry conventions and professional fees, such as legal and accounting fees and consulting costs.
     We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will not change significantly as we focus our product development efforts on obtaining regulatory approval for VIAject®. Over the longer term, however, these expenses could increase as we approach the commercial launch of VIAject®.
  Marketable Securities
     In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (“SFAS No. 115”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) in May 1993, our marketable securities were classified as available-for-sale. In accordance with that standard, these securities are reported at market value with unrealized gains and losses shown as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We regularly evaluate the performance of these investments individually for impairment, taking into consideration the investment, volatility and current returns. If a determination is made that a decline in fair value is other-than-temporary, the related securities are written down to their estimated fair value. At March 31, 2009, marketable securities total $12.0 million.
  Comprehensive Income (Loss)
     We classify our marketable securities as available for sale, in accordance with SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, issued by the FASB in June 1997. Other Comprehensive Income include changes in equity for unrealized holding gains/(losses) on marketable securities, which have arose during the period. As of March 31, 2009, the net unrealized gain on marketable securities was $22,000.
  Interest Income
     Due to the uncertainty in the credit and financial markets, we have modified our investment strategy and primarily invested in certain marketable securities, which consist primarily of short-to-intermediate-term debt securities issued by the U.S. government, Treasury securities and U.S. government agencies. The focus on preserving cash and investing in stable securities generated lower returns during the three and six months ended March 31, 2009. We intend to maintain this strategy until the credit and financial markets improve and become more stable.

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Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
     Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our unaudited financial statements, that have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
     Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to our audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008 and in the notes to our financial statements included in this Form 10-Q. We believe that our accounting policies relating to preclinical study and clinical trial accruals, stock-based compensation and income taxes are the most critical to aid you in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations. These policies are described under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008. There have been no material changes to such policies since the filing of such Annual Report.
Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
     In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk related contingent features in derivative agreements. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. We adopted SFAS No. 161. As SFAS No. 161 only requires additional disclosures concerning derivatives and hedging activities, this standard did not have an impact on our financial position and results of operations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
     In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No 141. The statement retains the purchase method of accounting for acquisitions, but requires a number of changes, including changes in the way assets and liabilities are recognized in the purchase accounting. It also changes the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contingencies, requires the capitalization of in-process research and development at fair value, and requires the expensing of acquisition-related costs as incurred. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are still evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 141(R), and do not expect it to have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.
     In April 2009, the FASB issued three final Staff Positions (FSPs) intended to provide additional application guidance and enhance disclosures regarding fair value measurements and impairments of securities. These FSPs are effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009.
     FSP FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly (FSP 157-4), provides guidelines for making fair value measurements more consistent with the principles presented in SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, and relates to determining fair values when there is no active market or where the price inputs being used represent distressed sales.
     FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments (“FSP 115-2 and 124-2”), provide additional guidance on presenting impairment losses on securities to bring consistency to the timing of impairment recognition, and provide clarity to investors about the credit and noncredit components of impaired debt securities that are not expected to be sold. FSP 115-2 and 124-2 also require increased and timely disclosures sought by investors regarding expected cash flows, credit losses, and an aging of securities with unrealized losses.
     FSP FAS 107-1 and Accounting Principles Board Opinion 28-1 (APB 28-1), Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments (“FSP 107-1”), increases the frequency of fair value disclosures required by Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 107, Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments (SFAS No. 107). FSP 107-1 relates to fair value disclosures for any financial instruments that are not currently reflected on the balance sheet of companies at fair value. Prior to issuing FSP 107-1, fair values for these assets and liabilities were only required to be disclosed once a year. FSP 107-1 now requires these disclosures on a quarterly basis, providing qualitative and quantitative information about fair value estimates for all those financial instruments not measured on the balance sheet at fair value.
     We are still evaluating the impact of FSP 157-4, FSP 115-2 and 124-2, and FSP 107-1, if any, but do not expect them to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations

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Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2009
Revenue. We did not recognize any revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2008 or 2009.
Research and Development Expenses.
                                 
    Three Months Ended        
    March 31,     Increase  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands)  
Research and Development
  $ 7,105     $ 8,361     $ 1,256       17.7 %
 
                       
Percentage of net loss
    74 %     72 %                
 
                           
     Research and development expenses were $8.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, an increase of $1.3 million, or 17.7%, from $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. This increase was primarily attributable to our purchase of $1.4 million of recombinant human insulin during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009, to build commercial supply inventory for VIAject®. The remaining increase is attributable to $0.2 million in consulting expenses and $0.4 million in manufacturing expenses. These increases were offset by savings of $0.8 million in clinical fees. The savings in clinical fees are the results of patient dropouts in the extension trials and savings due to the completion of the two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials that occurred in the last quarter of fiscal year 2008. Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 include $0.4 million in stock-based compensation expense related to options granted to employees and $0.1 million in stock-based compensation expense related to options granted to non-employees.
General and Administrative Expenses.
                                 
    Three Months Ended        
    March 31,     Decrease  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands)  
General and Administrative
  $ 3,532     $ 3,435     $ 97       2.8 %
 
                       
Percentage of net loss
    37 %     30 %                
 
                           
     General and administrative expenses were $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 2.8%, from $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. This decrease was attributable to the net effect of one-time charges in the three months ended March 31, 2009 consisting of a severance accrual of $0.3 million and a stock-based compensation charge of $0.1 million for our former general counsel, offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in consulting and $0.3 million in stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 include $1.0 million in stock-based compensation charge related to options granted to employees and $39,000 in stock-based compensation credit related to options granted to non-employees.
  Interest and Other Income.
                                 
    Three Months Ended        
    March 31,     Decrease  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands)  
Interest and Other Income
  $ 1,111     $ 78     $ 1,033       93.0 %
 
                       
Percentage of net loss
    12 %     1 %                
 
                           
     Interest and other income was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, a decrease of $1.0 million, or 93.0% from $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease was primarily due to the shifting of our investments primarily into treasury securities. The focus on preserving cash and investing in stable securities generated lower returns during the six months ended March 31, 2009.

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Net Loss and Net Loss per Share
                                 
    Three Months Ended        
    March 31,     Increase  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands, except per share amounts)  
Net loss
  $ (9,557 )   $ (11,629 )   $ 2,072       21.7 %
 
                       
Net loss per share
  $ (0.43 )   $ (0.49 )                
 
                           
     Net loss was $11.6 million, or $(0.49) per share, for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $9.6 million, or $(0.43) per share, for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The increase in net loss was primarily attributable to the increase in research and development expenses and the decrease in interest and other income described above.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2008 Compared to Six Months Ended March 31, 2009
Revenue. We did not recognize any revenue during the six months ended March 31, 2008 or 2009.
Research and Development Expenses
                                 
    Six Months Ended        
    March 31,     Increase  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands)  
Research and Development
  $ 14,650     $ 16,396     $ 1,746       11.9 %
 
                       
Percentage of net loss
    71 %     71 %                
 
                           
     Research and development expenses were $16.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009, an increase of $1.7 million, or 11.9%, from $14.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. Specific increases in research and development expenses include $3.1 million related to our purchase of recombinant human insulin to build commercial supply inventory for VIAject®, $0.7 million in consulting expenses, and $0.5 million in personnel expenses. These increases were offset by decreases of $2.4 million in clinical trial expenses and $0.5 million related to manufacturing expenses, a direct result of the completion of our two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials. Research and development expenses for the six months ended March 31, 2009 include $0.7 million in stock-based compensation expense related to options granted to employees and $0.1 million in stock-based compensation expense related to options granted to non-employees.
General and Administrative Expenses
                                 
    Six Months Ended        
    March 31,     Decrease  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands)  
General and Administrative
  $ 7,664     $ 5,716     $ 1,948       25.4 %
 
                       
Percentage of net loss
    37 %     30 %                
 
                           
     General and administrative expenses were $5.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009, a decrease of $1.9 million, or 25.4%, from $7.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily attributable to a $0.4 million decrease in personnel expense and a $1.5 million decrease in stock-based compensation expenses. General and administrative expenses for the six months ended March 31, 2009 include $1.8 million in stock-based compensation expense related to options granted to employees and $14,000 in stock-based compensation credit related to options granted to non-employees.
  Interest and Other Income
                                 
    Six Months Ended        
    March 31,     Decrease  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands)  
Interest and Other Income
  $ 1,783     $ 320     $ 1,463       82.1 %
 
                       
Percentage of net loss
    9 %     5 %                
 
                           

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     Interest and other income was $0.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009, a decrease of 1.4 million, or 82.1%, from $1.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in investments and the shifting of our investments primarily into treasury securities. The focus on preserving cash and investing in stable securities generated lower returns during the six months ended March 31, 2009.
Net Loss and Net Loss per Share
                                 
    Six Months Ended        
    March 31,     Increase  
    2008     2009     $     %  
    (in thousands, except per share amounts)  
Net Loss
  $ (20,584 )   $ (21,635 )   $ 1,069       5.2 %
 
                       
Net loss per share
  $ (0.97 )   $ (0.91 )                
 
                           
     Net loss was $21.6 million, or $(0.91) per share, for the six months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $20.6 million, or $(0.97) per share, for the six months ended March 31, 2008. The increase in net loss was primarily attributable to the increased expenses described above. We do not expect our losses to change significantly in the near term as the reduction in expense due to patients exiting the extension trial are offset by expenses associated with obtaining regulatory approval for VIAject®, additional purchases of bulk insulin, production of finished product and additional clinical trials of VIAject® to support our commercialization efforts.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources of Liquidity and Cash Flows
     As a result of our significant research and development expenditures and the lack of any approved products or other sources of revenue, we have not been profitable and have generated significant operating losses since we were incorporated in 2003. We have funded our research and development operations primarily through proceeds from our Series A convertible preferred stock financing in 2005 and our mezzanine and Series B convertible preferred stock financings in 2006. Through December 31, 2006, we had received aggregate gross proceeds of $26.6 million from these sales. We received an aggregate of $125.6 million in net proceeds from our initial public offering in May 2007 and follow-on offering in February 2008.
     At March 31, 2009, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaling approximately $72.1 million. To date, we have invested our excess funds primarily in managed money funds with two major financial institutions. All highly liquid investments with an original maturity of less than three months at the date of purchase are categorized as cash equivalents. We plan to continue to invest our cash and cash equivalents in accordance with our approved investment policy guidelines, which set forth our policy to hold investment securities to maturity.
     Net cash used in operating activities was $18.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009 and $14.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2009 primarily reflects the net loss for the period, offset in part by stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization expenses and decreases in accounts payable and accrued expenses. Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2008 primarily reflects the net loss for the period, offset in part by stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization expenses and increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
     Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities was $13.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009 and $(5.7) million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. Net cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2009 primarily reflects the sale of marketable securities. Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2008 primarily reflects purchases of marketable securities, property and equipment and leasehold improvement costs for our facilities at Christopher Columbus Avenue and Saw Mill Road.
     Net cash provided by financing activities was $39,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2009 and $47.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008. Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2009 primarily reflects proceeds from the sale of stock through our 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and from the exercise of stock options. Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2008 primarily reflects the proceeds from sale of stock through our secondary offering, the exercise of options and warrants, and sale of stock through our 2005 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
Funding Requirements
     We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating expenses and capital expenditures at least through the end of the fiscal year ending September 30, 2010. We have based this estimate upon assumptions that may prove to be wrong and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. For example, if the FDA were to require us to conduct an additional pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject® that is more extensive than any we currently contemplate, our existing capital resources may not be sufficient to complete that clinical development program. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the development and commercialization of our product candidates, and to the extent that we may or may not enter into collaborations with third parties to participate in their development and commercialization, we are unable to estimate the amounts of increased capital outlays and operating expenditures associated with our current anticipated clinical trials.

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     Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for VIAject® under Section 505(b)(2) of the FFDCA;
 
    the costs associated with preparing and submitting our NDA for VIAject®, and our ability to submit the NDA as planned by the end of calendar year 2009;
 
    our ability to market, commercialize and achieve market acceptance for product candidates, particularly VIAject®, developed using our VIAdel™ technology;
 
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for VIAject® without conducting additional pivotal clinical trials;
 
    the FDA’s findings regarding data anomalies observed in India in our Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject® for patients with Type 1 diabetes;
 
    the size, endpoints and duration of additional clinical trials of VIAject® in patients with Type 1 diabetes to support our commercialization efforts and, potentially, FDA approval;
 
    the cost to fully develop the 100 IU/cc liquid formulation of VIAject®;
 
    the cost to develop an insulin pen program for use with VIAject®;
 
    purchasing recombinant human insulin and other materials to build commercial supply inventory for VIAject®;
 
    our ability to market, commercialize and achieve market acceptance for product candidates developed using our VIAdel™ technology;
 
    the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications and maintaining, enforcing and defending intellectual property-related claims;
 
    the cost associated with qualifying and obtaining regulatory approval of suppliers of insulin and manufacturers of our product candidates;
 
    our ability to establish and maintain collaborations and the terms and success of the collaborations, including the timing and amount of payments that we might receive from potential strategic collaborators; and
 
    the continued participation of patients in our VIAject® Phase 3 clinical trial extension program, which is designed to run through the eighteenth month of patient treatment, subject to compassionate use exceptions, if any.
     We do not anticipate generating product revenue for the next few years. In the absence of additional funding, we expect our continuing operating losses to result in increases in our cash used in operations over the next several years. To the extent our capital resources are insufficient to meet our future capital requirements, we will need to finance our future cash needs through public or private equity offerings, debt financings or corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements. We do not currently have any commitments for future external funding.
     Additional equity or debt financing or corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate some or all of our research and development programs, reduce our planned commercialization efforts or obtain funds through arrangements with collaborators or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain drug candidates that we might otherwise seek to develop or commercialize independently or enter into corporate collaborations at a later stage of development. In addition, any future equity funding will dilute the ownership of our equity investors.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
     We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Contractual Obligations
     The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of March 31, 2009 (in thousands):
                                         
            Less Than                     More Than  
(in thousands, except per share amounts)   Total     1 Year     1-3 Years     3-5 Years     5 Years  
Operating lease obligations
  $ 2,886     $ 566     $ 1,566     $ 754     $  
Purchase commitments
    19,717       5,846       13,871              
 
                             
Total fixed contractual obligations
  $ 22,603     $ 6,412     $ 15,437     $ 754     $  
 
                             

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
     Our exposure to market risk is limited to our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. We invest in high-quality financial instruments, as permitted by the terms of our investment policy guidelines. Currently, our investments are limited to highly liquid money market investments. A portion of our investments may be subject to interest rate risk and could fall in value if interest rates were to increase. The effective duration of our portfolio is currently less than one year, which we believe limits interest rate and credit risk. We do not hedge interest rate exposure.
     Because most of our transactions are denominated in United States dollars, we do not have any material exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
     Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2009. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2009, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in internal controls
     No change in our internal control over financial reporting (defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II-OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risks Related to Our Financial Position and Need for Additional Capital
We have incurred significant losses since our inception. We expect to incur losses for the foreseeable future and may never achieve or maintain profitability.
     Since our inception in December 2003, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net loss was approximately $21.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, we had a deficit accumulated during the development stage of approximately $104.8 million. We have invested a significant portion of our efforts and financial resources in the development of VIAject® and our ability to generate near-term revenue depends on VIAject’s® success. We have not completed development of VIAject® or any of our other product candidates. We expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for at least the next several years as we:
    prepare for the submission of our NDA for VIAject® as planned by the end of calendar year 2009;
 
    continue our clinical trial extension program for the pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject®, which is designed to run through the eighteenth month of patient treatment, subject to compassionate use exceptions, if any;
 
    conduct additional clinical trials of VIAject® to support our commercialization efforts and, potentially, FDA approval;
 
    produce required registration and validation batches of VIAject® vials and cartridges to support our NDA for VIAject®; and
 
    purchase recombinant human insulin and other materials to build commercial supply inventory for VIAject®; and
 
    conduct additional clinical development of our other product candidates.
     To become and remain profitable, we must succeed in developing and eventually commercializing drugs with significant market potential. This will require us to be successful in a range of challenging activities, including successfully completing preclinical testing and clinical trials of our product candidates, obtaining regulatory approval for these product candidates and manufacturing, marketing and selling those products for which we may obtain regulatory approval. We may never succeed in these activities and may never generate revenues that are significant or large enough to achieve profitability. Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Our failure to become and remain profitable would depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital, expand our business or continue our operations. A decline in the market price of our common stock could also cause you to lose all or a part of your investment.
We will need substantial additional funding and may be unable to raise capital when needed, which would force us to delay, reduce or eliminate our product development programs or commercialization efforts.
     We are a development stage company with no commercial products. All of our product candidates are still being developed, and all but VIAject® are in early stages of development. Our product candidates will require significant additional development, clinical development, regulatory approvals and related investment before they can be commercialized.
     While we have suspended significant expenditures on our earlier stage product candidates pending further development of our regulatory plans for VIAject®, we do not expect our research and development expenses to decrease as we continue our Phase 3 clinical trial extension program for VIAject®, develop new clinical trials of VIAject® to support our commercialization efforts, produce both registration and validation batches, and purchase recombinant human insulin. In addition, subject to obtaining regulatory approval of any of our product candidates, we expect to incur significant commercialization expenses to produce commercial quantities of finished product; and we may incur significant additional sales and marketing expenses depending on our role in commercializing any of our products that obtain regulatory approval. If we commercialize VIAject® without a commercial partner, we will need substantial additional funding and may be unable to raise capital when needed or on attractive terms, which would force us to delay, reduce or eliminate our research and development programs or commercialization efforts.
     Based upon our current plans, we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will enable us to fund our anticipated operating expenses and capital expenditures at least through the end of the fiscal year ending September 30, 2010. We cannot assure you that our plans will not change or that changed circumstances will not result in the depletion of our capital resources more rapidly than we currently anticipate, particularly in light of our planned strategic review of our regulatory plans for VIAject® . Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for VIAject® under Section 505(b)(2) of the FFDCA;
 
    the costs associated with preparing and submitting our NDA for VIAject®, and our ability to submit the NDA as planned by the end of calendar year 2009 ;
 
    our ability to market, commercialize and achieve market acceptance for product candidates, particularly VIAject®, developed using our VIAdel™ technology;
 
    our ability to secure approval by the FDA for VIAject® without conducting additional pivotal clinical trials;

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    the FDA’s findings regarding data anomalies observed in India in our Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject® for patients with Type 1 diabetes;
 
    the size, endpoints and duration of additional clinical trials of VIAject® in patients with Type 1 diabetes to support our commercialization efforts and, potentially, FDA approval;
 
    the cost to fully develop the 100 IU/cc liquid formulation of VIAject® ;
 
    the cost to develop an insulin pen program for use with VIAject® ;
 
    purchasing recombinant human insulin and other materials to build commercial supply inventory for VIAject®;
 
    our ability to market, commercialize and achieve market acceptance for product candidates developed using our VIAdel™ technology;
 
    the costs of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications and maintaining, enforcing and defending intellectual property-related claims;
 
    the cost associated with qualifying and obtaining regulatory approval of suppliers of insulin and manufacturers of our product candidates;
 
    our ability to establish and maintain collaborations and the terms and success of the collaborations, including the timing and amount of payments that we might receive from potential strategic collaborators; and
 
    the continued participation of patients in our VIAject® Phase 3 clinical trial extension program, which is designed to run through the eighteenth month of patient treatment, subject to compassionate use exceptions, if any.
     Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenues, we expect to finance our cash needs through public or private equity offerings and debt financings, strategic collaborations and licensing arrangements. If we raise additional funds by issuing additional equity securities, our stockholders will experience dilution. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. Any debt financing or additional equity that we raise may contain terms, such as liquidation and other preferences, that are not favorable to us or our stockholders. If we raise additional funds through collaboration, strategic alliance and licensing arrangements with third parties, it may be necessary to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or product candidates, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us.
Our short operating history may make it difficult for you to evaluate the success of our business to date and to assess our future viability.
     We commenced active operations in January 2004. Our operations to date have been limited to organizing and staffing our company, developing and securing our technology and undertaking preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates. We have limited experience completing large-scale, pivotal clinical trials and we have not yet demonstrated our ability to successfully file an NDA, obtain regulatory approvals, manufacture a commercial scale product, or arrange for a third party to do so on our behalf, or conduct sales and marketing activities necessary for successful product commercialization. Consequently, any predictions you make about our future success or viability may not be as accurate as they could be if we had a longer operating history.
     In addition, as a new business, we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other known and unknown factors. We will need to transition from a company with a research focus to a company capable of supporting commercial activities. We may not be successful in such a transition.
Risks Related to the Development and Commercialization of Our Product Candidates
We depend heavily on the success of our most advanced product candidate, VIAject® . The results from our completed pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject® may not be sufficient to file an NDA for VIAject® or to obtain marketing approval from the FDA. If we are unable to commercialize VIAject® or experience significant delays in doing so, our business will be materially harmed.
     We have invested a significant portion of our efforts and financial resources in the development of our most advanced product candidate, VIAject® . Our ability to generate significant product revenues will depend heavily on the successful development and eventual commercialization of this product candidate. The results from our completed pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject® may not be sufficient to file an NDA for VIAject® or obtain marketing approval from the FDA; the FDA may require that we conduct additional clinical trials with VIAject® before considering or approving our marketing application. If the FDA requires that additional trials should be conducted prior to submitting our NDA for VIAject®, our NDA submission would be delayed by at least twelve months and would likely be filed the second half of calendar year 2010.
The results of clinical trials do not ensure success in future clinical trials or commercial success.
     We have completed and released the preliminary results of our two pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAject®. Additionally, we have tested one formulation of VIAtab™ in Phase 1 clinical trials in patients with Type 1 diabetes and are developing additional formulations for further clinical testing. We have not completed the development of any products through commercialization. VIAject® continues to be tested in our Phase 3 clinical trial extension program and we believe we will need to conduct additional clinical trials to be successful in our commercialization efforts and, potentially, in order to receive FDA approval. The outcomes of preclinical testing and clinical trials may not be

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predictive of the success of later clinical trials. Furthermore, interim or preliminary results of a clinical trial do not necessarily predict final results. We cannot assure you that our additional clinical trials of VIAject® will ultimately be successful. New information regarding the safety and efficacy of VIAject® may arise from our continuing analysis of the data that may be less favorable than the data observed to date. In addition, we will need to conduct Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials of VIAtab™ in larger numbers of patients taking the drug for longer periods before we are able to seek approvals to market and sell VIAtab™ from the FDA and similar regulatory authorities outside the United States. If we are not successful in commercializing any of our product candidates, or are significantly delayed in doing so, our business will be materially harmed. The commercial success of our product candidates will depend on several factors, including the following:
    successful completion of preclinical development and clinical trials;
 
    our ability to identify and enroll patients who meet clinical trial eligibility criteria;
 
    receipt of marketing approvals from the FDA and similar regulatory authorities outside the United States, including for the liquid formulation of VIAject® ;
 
    establishing commercial manufacturing capabilities through arrangements with third-party manufacturers;
 
    launching commercial sales of the products, whether alone or in collaboration with others;
 
    competition from other products; and
 
    a continued acceptable safety profile of the products following approval.
     If the FDA does not approve our NDA, or if our clinical trials are delayed or do not produce positive results, we may incur additional costs and ultimately be unable to commercialize our product candidates.
     Before obtaining regulatory approval for the sale of our product candidates, we must conduct, at our own expense, extensive preclinical tests to demonstrate the safety of our product candidates in animals and clinical trials to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our product candidates in humans. Preclinical and clinical testing is expensive, difficult to design and implement, can take many years to complete and is uncertain as to outcome. A failure of one or more of our clinical trials of VIAject® and VIAtab™ can occur at any stage of testing. We may experience numerous unforeseen events during, or as a result of, preclinical testing of VIAmass™ and VIAcal™ and clinical trials of VIAject® and VIAtab™ or during the FDA’s review of our planned NDA that could delay or prevent our ability to receive regulatory approval or commercialize our product candidates, including:
    the FDA may require us to conduct additional clinical trials of VIAject® prior to accepting our NDA for filing or following its review of our NDA based on data from India in one of our pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials that we found to be anomalous when compared to data from the United States and Germany for the same clinical trial;
 
    our preclinical tests or other clinical trials may produce negative or inconclusive results, and we may decide, or regulators may require us, to conduct additional preclinical testing or clinical trials or we may abandon projects that we had expected to be promising;
 
    the number of patients required for our clinical trials may be larger than we anticipate, enrollment in our clinical trials may be slower than we currently anticipate, or participants may drop out of our clinical trials at a higher rate than we anticipate, any of which would result in significant delays;
 
    our third-party contractors may fail to comply with regulatory requirements or meet their contractual obligations to us in a timely manner;
 
    we might have to suspend or terminate our clinical trials if the participants are being exposed to unacceptable health risks;
 
    regulators or institutional review boards may require that we hold, suspend or terminate clinical research for various reasons, including noncompliance with regulatory requirements;
 
    the cost of our clinical trials may be greater than we anticipate;
 
    the supply or quality of our product candidates or other materials necessary to conduct our clinical trials may be insufficient or inadequate; and
 
    the effects of our product candidates may not be the desired effects or may include undesirable side effects or the product candidates may have other unexpected characteristics.
     If we are required to conduct additional clinical trials or other testing of our product candidates beyond those that we currently contemplate, if we are unable to successfully complete our clinical trials or other testing, if the results of these trials or tests are not positive or are only modestly positive or if there are safety concerns, we may:
    be delayed in obtaining marketing approval for our product candidates;
 
    not be able to obtain marketing approval;
 
    obtain approval for indications that are not as broad as intended; or
 
    have the product removed from the market after obtaining marketing approval.

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     Our product development costs will also increase if we experience delays in testing or approvals. We do not know whether any preclinical tests or clinical trials will begin as planned, will need to be restructured or will be completed on schedule, if at all. Significant preclinical or clinical trial delays also could shorten any periods during which we may have the exclusive right to commercialize our product candidates or allow our competitors to bring products to market before we do and impair our ability to commercialize our products or product candidates and may harm our business and results of operations.
If our product candidates are found to cause undesirable side effects we may need to delay or abandon our development and commercialization efforts.
     Any undesirable side effects that might be caused by our product candidates could interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials and could result in the denial of regulatory approval by the FDA or other regulatory authorities for any or all targeted indications. In addition, if any of our product candidates receive marketing approval and we or others later identify undesirable side effects caused by the product, we could face one or more of the following:
    a change in the labeling statements or withdrawal of FDA or other regulatory approval of the product;
 
    a change in the way the product is administered; or
 
    the need to conduct additional clinical trials.
     Any of these events could prevent us from achieving or maintaining market acceptance of the affected product or could substantially increase the costs and expenses of commercializing the product, which in turn could delay or prevent us from generating significant revenues from its sale.
     The major safety concern with patients taking insulin is the occurrence of hypoglycemic events. In our preliminary analysis of our completed pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials we found that VIAject® reduced the risk of hypoglycemic events in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes when compared to these patients receiving Humulin ® R. However, due to data from India in our pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial for patients with Type 1 diabetes that we found to be anomalous when compared data from the United States and Germany for the same trial, the FDA could conclude we did not establish non-inferiority of VIAject® when compared to Humulin ® R in terms of blood glucose control. Additionally, we found that VIAject® was associated with injection site pain, although the prevalence of pain decreased during the course of the treatment.
The commercial success of any product candidates that we may develop, including VIAject® , VIAtab , VIAmass and VIAcal will depend upon the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, healthcare payors and others in the medical community.
     Any products that we bring to the market, including VIAject®, VIAtab™, VIAmass™ and VIAcal™, if they receive marketing approval, may not gain market acceptance by physicians, patients, healthcare payors and others in the medical community. If these products do not achieve an adequate level of acceptance, we may not generate significant product revenues and we may not become profitable. Physicians will not recommend our product candidates until clinical data or other factors demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our product candidates as compared to other treatments. Even if the clinical safety and efficacy of our product candidates is established, physicians may elect not to recommend these product candidates for a variety of reasons including the reimbursement policies of government and third-party payors and the effectiveness of our competitors in marketing their products.
     The degree of market acceptance of our product candidates, if approved for commercial sale, will depend on a number of factors, including:
    the willingness and ability of patients and the healthcare community to adopt our technology;
 
    the ability to manufacture our product candidates in sufficient quantities with acceptable quality and to offer our product candidates for sale at competitive prices;
 
    the perception of patients and the healthcare community, including third-party payors, regarding the safety, efficacy and benefits of our product candidates compared to those of competing products or therapies;
 
    the convenience and ease of administration of our product candidates relative to existing treatment methods, such as our ability to gain regulatory approval for our liquid 100 IU/cc formulation of VIAject® and the degree to which injection site pain may be associated with this formulation, if at all;
 
    the label and promotional claims allowed by the FDA, such as, in the case of VIAject®, claims relating to glycemic control, hypoglycemia, weight gain, injection site pain, expiry dating and required handling conditions;
 
    the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates relative to existing treatments; and
 
    marketing and distribution support for our product candidates.
If we fail to enter into strategic collaborations for the commercialization of our product candidates or if our collaborations are unsuccessful, we may be required to establish our own sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution capabilities which will be expensive, require additional capital we do not currently have, and could delay the commercialization of our product candidates and have a material and adverse affect on our business.

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     A broad base of physicians, including primary care physicians, internists and endocrinologists, treat patients with diabetes. A large sales force is required to educate and support these physicians. Therefore, our current strategy for developing, manufacturing and commercializing our product candidates includes securing collaborations with leading pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for the commercialization of our product candidates. To date, we have not entered into any collaborations with pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies. We face significant competition in seeking appropriate collaborators. In addition, collaboration agreements are complex and time-consuming to negotiate, document and implement. For all these reasons, it may be difficult for us to find third parties that are willing to enter into collaborations on economic terms that are favorable to us, or at all. If we do enter into any such collaboration, the collaboration may not be successful. The success of our collaboration arrangements will depend heavily on the efforts and activities of our collaborators. It is likely that our collaborators will have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to these collaborations.
     If we fail to enter into collaborations, or if our collaborations are unsuccessful, we may be required to establish our own direct sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution capabilities. Establishing these capabilities can be time-consuming and expensive and we have little experience in doing so. Because of our size, we would be at a disadvantage to our potential competitors to the extent they collaborate with large pharmaceutical companies that have substantially more resources than we do. As a result, we would not initially be able to field a sales force as large as our competitors or provide the same degree of market research or marketing support. In addition, our competitors would have a greater ability to devote research resources toward expansion of the indications for their products. We cannot assure prospective investors that we will succeed in entering into acceptable collaborations, that any such collaboration will be successful or, if not, that we will successfully develop our own sales, marketing and distribution capabilities.
If we are unable to obtain adequate reimbursement from governments or third-party payors for any products that we may develop or if we are unable to obtain acceptable prices for those products, they may not be purchased or used and our revenues and prospects for profitability will suffer.
     Our future revenues and profits will depend heavily upon the availability of adequate reimbursement for the use of our approved product candidates from governmental and other third-party payors, both in the United States and in other markets. Reimbursement by a third-party payor may depend upon a number of factors, including the third-party payor’s determination that use of a product is:
    a covered benefit under its health plan;
 
    safe, effective and medically necessary;
 
    appropriate for the specific patient;
 
    cost-effective; and
 
    neither experimental nor investigational.
     Obtaining reimbursement approval for a product from each government or other third-party payor is a time-consuming and costly process that could require us to provide supporting scientific, clinical and cost-effectiveness data for the use of our products to each payor. We may not be able to provide data sufficient to gain acceptance with respect to reimbursement. Even when a payor determines that a product is eligible for reimbursement, the payor may impose coverage limitations that preclude payment for some uses that are approved by the FDA or comparable authorities. In addition, eligibility for coverage does not imply that any product will be reimbursed in all cases or at a rate that allows us to make a profit or even cover our costs. Interim payments for new products, if applicable, may also not be sufficient to cover our costs and may not be made permanent.
We are subject to pricing pressures and uncertainties regarding Medicare reimbursement and reform.
     Reforms in Medicare added a prescription drug reimbursement benefit beginning in 2006 for all Medicare beneficiaries. Although we cannot predict the full effects on our business of the implementation of this legislation, it is possible that the new benefit, which will be managed by private health insurers, pharmacy benefit managers, and other managed care organizations, will result in decreased reimbursement for prescription drugs, which may further exacerbate industry-wide pressure to reduce the prices charged for prescription drugs. This could harm our ability to generate revenues.
Governments outside the United States tend to impose strict price controls, which may adversely affect our revenues, if any.
     In some countries, particularly the countries of the European Union, the pricing of prescription pharmaceuticals is subject to governmental control. In these countries, pricing negotiations with governmental authorities can take considerable time after the receipt of marketing approval for a product. To obtain reimbursement or pricing approval in some countries, we may be required to conduct a clinical trial that compares the cost-effectiveness of our product candidate to other available therapies. If reimbursement of our products is unavailable or limited in scope or amount, or if pricing is set at unsatisfactory levels, our business could be adversely affected.
     Legislation has been introduced in Congress that, if enacted, would permit more widespread re-importation of drugs from foreign countries into the United States, which may include re-importation from foreign countries where the drugs are sold at lower prices than in the United States. Such legislation, or similar regulatory changes, could decrease the price we receive for any approved products which, in turn, could adversely affect our operating results and our overall financial condition.
Product liability lawsuits against us could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to limit commercialization of any products that we may develop.

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     We face an inherent risk of product liability exposure related to the testing of our product candidates in human clinical trials and will face an even greater risk if we commercially sell any products that we may develop. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves against claims that our product candidates or products caused injuries, we will incur substantial liabilities. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:
    decreased demand for any product candidates or products that we may develop;
 
    injury to our reputation;
 
    withdrawal of clinical trial participants;
 
    costs to defend the related litigation;
 
    substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients;
 
    loss of revenue; and
 
    the inability to commercialize any products that we may develop.
     We currently carry global liability insurance that we believe is sufficient to cover us from potential damages arising from clinical trials of VIAject® . We also carry local insurance policies per clinical trial of our product candidates. The amount of insurance that we currently hold may not be adequate to cover all liabilities that we may incur. We intend to expand our insurance coverage to include the sale of commercial products if we obtain marketing approval for any products. Insurance coverage is increasingly expensive. We may not be able to maintain insurance coverage at a reasonable cost. If losses from product liability claims exceed our liability insurance coverage, we may ourselves incur substantial liabilities. If we are required to pay a product liability claim, we may not have sufficient financial resources to complete development or commercialization of any of our product candidates and, if so, our business and results of operations would be harmed.
We face substantial competition in the development of our product candidates which may result in others developing or commercializing products before or more successfully than we do.
     We are engaged in segments of the pharmaceutical industry that are characterized by intense competition and rapidly evolving technology. Many large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, academic institutions, governmental agencies and other public and private research organizations are pursuing the development of novel drugs that target endocrine disorders. We face, and expect to continue to face, intense and increasing competition as new products enter the market and advanced technologies become available. There are several approved injectable rapid-acting mealtime insulin analogs currently on the market including Humalog® , marketed by Eli Lilly and Company, NovoLog® , marketed by Novo Nordisk A/S, and Apidra® , marketed by Sanofi-Aventis. These rapid-acting insulin analogs provide improvement over regular forms of short-acting insulin, including faster subcutaneous absorption, an earlier and greater insulin peak and more rapid post-peak decrease. In addition, other development stage rapid-acting insulin formulations may be approved and compete with VIAject® . Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. has conducted a Phase 1 clinical trial of Humulin ® R and Humalog ® in combination with a recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme and has reported that in each case the combination yielded pharmacokinetics and glucodynamics that better mimicked physiologic mealtime insulin release and activity than Humulin ® R or Humalog ® alone. Generex Biotechnology Corporation has developed an oral spray that is currently in Phase 3 development. Several companies are also developing alternative insulin systems for diabetes, including MannKind Corporation, which has submitted its NDA in early 2009. In addition, a number of established pharmaceutical companies, including GlaxoSmithKline plc, and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, are developing proprietary technologies or have entered into arrangements with, or acquired, companies with technologies for the treatment of diabetes.
     Potential competitors also include academic institutions, government agencies and other public and private research organizations that conduct research, seek patent protection and establish collaborative arrangements for research, development, manufacturing and commercialization. Our competitors may develop products that are more effective, safer, more convenient or less costly than any that we are developing or that would render our product candidates obsolete or non-competitive. Our competitors may also obtain FDA or other regulatory approval for their products more rapidly than we may obtain approval for ours.
     Many of our potential competitors have:
    significantly greater financial, technical and human resources than we have and may be better equipped to discover, develop, manufacture and commercialize product candidates;
 
    more extensive experience in preclinical testing and clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approvals and manufacturing and marketing pharmaceutical products;
 
    product candidates that have been approved or are in late-stage clinical development; or
 
    collaborative arrangements in our target markets with leading companies and research institutions.
Our product candidates may be rendered obsolete by technological change.
     The rapid rate of scientific discoveries and technological changes could result in one or more of our product candidates becoming obsolete or noncompetitive. For several decades, scientists have attempted to improve the bioavailability of injected formulations and to devise alternative non-invasive delivery systems for the delivery of drugs such as insulin. Our product candidates will compete against many products with similar indications. In addition to the currently marketed rapid-acting insulin analogs, our competitors are developing insulin formulations

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delivered by oral pills, pulmonary devices and oral spray devices. Our future success will depend not only on our ability to develop our product candidates, but also on our ability to maintain market acceptance against emerging industry developments. We cannot assure present or prospective stockholders that we will be able to do so.
Our business activities involve the storage and use of hazardous materials, which require compliance with environmental and occupational safety laws regulating the use of such materials. If we violate these laws, we could be subject to significant fines, liabilities or other adverse consequences.
     Our research and development work and manufacturing processes involve the controlled storage and use of hazardous materials, including chemical and biological materials. Our operations also produce hazardous waste products. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of these materials. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials and waste products comply in all material respects with the standards prescribed by federal, state and local laws and regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from hazardous materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of an accident or failure to comply with environmental laws, we could be held liable for any damages that may result, and any such liability could fall outside the coverage or exceed the limits of our insurance. In addition, we could be required to incur significant costs to comply with environmental laws and regulations in the future or pay substantial fines or penalties if we violate any of these laws or regulations. Finally, current or future environmental laws and regulations may impair our research, development or production efforts.
Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties
Use of third parties to manufacture our product candidates may increase the risks that we will not have sufficient quantities of our product candidates or such quantities at an acceptable cost, or that our suppliers will not be able to manufacture our products in their final dosage form. In any such case, clinical development and commercialization of our product candidates could be delayed, prevented or impaired.
     We do not currently own or operate manufacturing facilities for commercial production of our product candidates. We have limited experience in drug manufacturing and we lack the resources and the capabilities to manufacture any of our product candidates on a clinical or commercial scale. Our current strategy is to outsource all manufacturing of our product candidates and products to third parties. We also expect to rely upon third parties to produce materials required for the commercial production of our product candidates if we succeed in obtaining necessary regulatory approvals. To date, we have relied on two commercial manufacturers to manufacture our VIAject® product candidate. However, in September 2008 we received notice from our primary manufacturer that they intend to sell, or possibly close, the facility where VIAject® has been manufactured. As a result, we now intend to conduct all future manufacturing of VIAject® with our remaining manufacturer. We intend to negotiate a commercial manufacturing agreement with this manufacturer and cannot guarantee that we will reach agreement in a timely manner or on terms that are favorable to us.
     There can be no assurance that our manufacturers will support our VIAject® or other manufacturing programs in the future. The manufacture of pharmaceutical products requires significant expertise and capital investment, including the development of advanced manufacturing techniques, processes and quality controls.
     Reliance on third-party manufacturers entails risks to which we would not be subject if we manufactured product candidates or products ourselves, including:
    reliance on the third party for regulatory compliance and quality assurance;
 
    the possible breach of the manufacturing agreement by the third party because of factors beyond our control; and
 
    the possible refusal by the third party to support our manufacturing programs, based on its own business priorities, at a time that is costly or inconvenient for us.
     Our manufacturers may not be able to comply with current good manufacturing practice, or cGMP, regulations or other regulatory requirements or similar regulatory requirements outside the United States. Our manufacturers are subject to unannounced inspections by the FDA, state regulators and similar regulators outside the United States. Our failure, or the failure of our third-party manufacturers, to comply with applicable regulations could result in sanctions being imposed on us, including fines, injunctions, civil penalties, failure of regulatory authorities to grant marketing approval of our product candidates, delays, suspension or withdrawal of approvals, license revocation, seizures or recalls of product candidates or products, operating restrictions and criminal prosecutions, any of which could significantly and adversely affect supplies of our product candidates.
     Our product candidates and any products that we may develop may compete with other product candidates and products for access to manufacturing facilities. There are a limited number of manufacturers that operate under cGMP regulations and that are both capable of manufacturing for us and willing to do so. If the third parties that we engage to manufacture product for our clinical trials should cease to continue to do so for any reason, we likely would experience delays in advancing these trials while we identify and qualify replacement suppliers and we may be unable to obtain replacement supplies on terms that are favorable to us. In addition, if we are not able to obtain adequate supplies of our product candidates or the drug substances used to manufacture them, it will be more difficult for us to develop our product candidates and compete effectively.
     Our current and anticipated future dependence upon others for the manufacture of our product candidates may adversely affect our future profit margins and our ability to develop product candidates and commercialize any products that receive regulatory approval on a timely and competitive basis.

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We rely on third parties to conduct our clinical trials and those third parties may not perform satisfactorily, including failing to meet established deadlines for the completion of such trials.
     We do not independently conduct clinical trials of our product candidates. We rely on third parties, such as contract research organizations, clinical data management organizations, medical institutions and clinical investigators, to enroll qualified patients and conduct our clinical trials. Our reliance on these third parties for clinical development activities reduces our control over these activities. We are responsible for ensuring that each of our clinical trials is conducted in accordance with the general investigational plan and protocols for the trial. Moreover, the FDA requires us to comply with standards, commonly referred to as Good Clinical Practices, for conducting, recording, and reporting the results of clinical trials to assure that data and reported results are credible and accurate and that the rights, integrity and confidentiality of trial participants are protected. Our reliance on third parties that we do not control does not relieve us of these responsibilities and requirements. Furthermore, these third parties may also have relationships with other entities, some of which may be our competitors. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties, meet expected deadlines or conduct our clinical trials in accordance with regulatory requirements or our stated protocols, we will not be able to obtain, or may be delayed in obtaining, regulatory approvals for our product candidates and will not be able to, or may be delayed in our efforts to, successfully commercialize our product candidates.
If our suppliers, principally our sole insulin supplier, fail to deliver materials and provide services needed for the production of VIAject® and VIAtab in a timely and sufficient manner, or if they fail to comply with applicable regulations, clinical development or regulatory approval of our product candidates or commercialization of our products could be delayed, producing additional losses and depriving us of potential product revenue.
     We need access to sufficient, reliable and affordable supplies of recombinant human insulin and other materials for which we rely on various suppliers. We also must rely on those suppliers to comply with relevant regulatory and other legal requirements, including the production of insulin in accordance with cGMP. We can make no assurances that our suppliers, particularly our insulin supplier, will comply with cGMP.
     We have recently entered into a new agreement with our existing single insulin supplier from which we obtain all of the insulin that we use for testing and manufacturing VIAject® and VIAtab™. Our agreement with this insulin supplier will terminate in December 2010.
     We believe that our current supplies of insulin, together with the quantities of insulin called for under our existing supply agreement, will be sufficient to allow us to complete our current clinical trial extension program and anticipated future clinical trials of VIAject® . In addition, we believe that the quantities available under the agreement will be sufficient to support our needs for approximately three years following the commercial launch of VIAject® . We are seeking to qualify other insulin suppliers to serve as additional or alternative suppliers if we are unable or choose not to enter into a new commercial supply agreement with our existing supplier. We believe that we will be able to qualify a new insulin supplier prior to December 2010. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to qualify a new insulin supplier prior to December 2010. Even if we do qualify a new supplier in a timely manner, the cost of switching or adding additional suppliers may be significant, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to enter into a commercial supply agreement with a new supplier on favorable terms. If we are unable to procure sufficient quantities of insulin from our current or any future supplier, if supply of recombinant human insulin and other materials otherwise becomes limited, or if our suppliers do not meet relevant regulatory requirements, and if we were unable to obtain these materials in sufficient amounts, in a timely manner and at reasonable prices, we could be delayed in the manufacturing and future commercialization of VIAject® and VIAtab™ , which would have a material adverse effect on our business. We would incur substantial costs and manufacturing delays if our suppliers are unable to provide us with products or services approved by the FDA or other regulatory agencies.
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, our competitors may develop and market similar or identical products that may reduce demand for our products, and we may be prevented from establishing collaborative relationships on favorable terms.
 
The following factors are important to our success:
    receiving patent protection for our product candidates;
 
    maintaining our trade secrets;
 
    not infringing on the proprietary rights of others; and
 
    preventing others from infringing our proprietary rights.
     We will be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties only to the extent that our proprietary rights are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are effectively maintained as trade secrets. We try to protect our proprietary position by filing U.S. and foreign patent applications related to our proprietary technology, inventions and improvements that are important to the development of our business. Because the patent position of pharmaceutical companies involves complex legal and factual questions, the issuance, scope and enforceability of patents cannot be predicted with certainty. Patents, if issued, may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Thus, any patents that we own or license from others may not provide any protection against competitors.
     We have been granted one patent and have nine pending United States patent applications relating to our VIAdel™, VIAject® and VIAtab™ technology and one pending foreign patent application relating to our technology for enhancing delivery of drugs. These pending patent applications, those we may file in the future, or those we may license from third parties, may not result in patents being issued. If patents do not issue with claims encompassing our products, our competitors may develop and market similar or identical products that compete with ours. Even if patents are issued, they may not provide us with proprietary protection or competitive advantages against competitors with similar

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technology. Failure to obtain effective patent protection for our technology and products may reduce demand for our products and prevent us from establishing collaborative relationships on favorable terms.
     The active and inactive ingredients in our VIAject® and VIAtab™ product candidates have been known and used for many years and, therefore, are no longer subject to patent protection. Accordingly, our pending patent applications are directed to the particular formulations of these ingredients in our products, and their use. Although we believe our formulations and their use are patentable and provide a competitive advantage, even if issued, our patents may not prevent others from marketing formulations using the same active and inactive ingredients in similar but different formulations.
     We also rely on trade secrets, know-how and technology, which are not protected by patents, to maintain our competitive position. We try to protect this information by entering into confidentiality agreements with parties that have access to it, such as potential corporate partners, collaborators, employees and consultants. Any of these parties may breach the agreements and disclose our confidential information or our competitors may learn of the information in some other way. Furthermore, others may independently develop similar technologies or duplicate any technology that we have developed. If any trade secret, know-how or other technology not protected by a patent were to be disclosed to or independently developed by a competitor, our business and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
     The laws of many foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.
We may become involved in lawsuits and administrative proceedings to protect, defend or enforce our patents that would be expensive and time-consuming.
     In order to protect or enforce our patent rights, we may initiate patent litigation against third parties in the United States or in foreign countries. In addition, we may be subject to certain opposition proceedings conducted in patent and trademark offices challenging the validity of our patents and may become involved in future opposition proceedings challenging the patents of others. The defense of intellectual property rights, including patent rights, through lawsuits, interference or opposition proceedings, and other legal and administrative proceedings can be costly and can divert our technical and management personnel from their normal responsibilities. Such costs increase our operating losses and reduce our resources available for development activities. An adverse determination of any litigation or defense proceedings could put one or more of our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and could put our patent applications at risk of not issuing.
     Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. For example, during the course of this kind of litigation and despite protective orders entered by the court, confidential information may be inadvertently disclosed in the form of documents or testimony in connection with discovery requests, depositions or trial testimony. This disclosure could materially adversely affect our business and financial results.
Claims by other parties that we infringe or have misappropriated their proprietary technology may result in liability for damages, royalties, or other payments, or stop our development and commercialization efforts.
     Competitors and other third parties may initiate patent litigation against us in the United States or in foreign countries based on existing patents or patents that may be granted in the future. Many of our competitors may have obtained patents covering products and processes generally related to our products and processes, and they may assert these patents against us. Moreover, there can be no assurance that these competitors have not sought or will not seek additional patents that may cover aspects of our technology. As a result, there is a greater likelihood of a patent dispute than would be expected if our competitors were pursuing unrelated technologies.
     While we conduct patent searches to determine whether the technologies used in our products infringe patents held by third parties, numerous patent applications are currently pending and may be filed in the future for technologies generally related to our technologies, including many patent applications that remain confidential after filing. Due to these factors and the inherent uncertainty in conducting patent searches, there can be no guarantee that we will not violate third-party patent rights that we have not yet identified.
     There may be U.S. and foreign patents issued to third parties that relate to aspects of our product candidates. There may also be patent applications filed by these or other parties in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions that relate to some aspects of our product candidates, which, if issued, could subject us to infringement actions. The owners or licensees of these and other patents may file one or more infringement actions against us. In addition, a competitor may claim misappropriation of a trade secret by an employee hired from that competitor. Any such infringement or misappropriation action could cause us to incur substantial costs defending the lawsuit and could distract our management from our business, even if the allegations of infringement or misappropriation are unwarranted. A need to defend multiple actions or claims could have a disproportionately greater impact. In addition, either in response to or in anticipation of any such infringement or misappropriation claim, we may enter into commercial agreements with the owners or licensees of these rights. The terms of these commercial agreements may include substantial payments, including substantial royalty payments on revenues received by us in connection with the commercialization of our products.
     Payments under such agreements could increase our operating losses and reduce our resources available for development activities. Furthermore, a party making this type of claim could secure a judgment that requires us to pay substantial damages, which would increase our operating losses and reduce our resources available for development activities. A judgment could also include an injunction or other court order that could prevent us from making, using, selling, offering for sale or importing our products or prevent our customers from using our products. If a court determined or if we independently concluded that any of our products or manufacturing processes violated third-party proprietary rights, our clinical trials could be delayed and there can be no assurance that we would be able to reengineer the product or processes to avoid those rights, or to obtain a license under those rights on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.

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Risks Related to Regulatory Approval of Our Product Candidates
If we fail to submit our NDA for VIAject® by the end of calendar year 2009, as we intend, or if we are unable to obtain required regulatory approvals, we will not be able to commercialize VIAject® as planned, if at all,, and our ability to generate revenue will be materially impaired.
     We have invested a significant portion of our efforts and financial resources in the development of VIAject®, and our ability to generate near-term revenue depends on VIAject’s® success. All of our product candidates, including VIAject®, and the activities associated with their development and commercialization, including their testing, manufacture, safety, efficacy, recordkeeping, labeling, storage, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution, are subject to comprehensive regulation by the FDA and other regulatory agencies in the United States and by comparable authorities in other countries. Failure to obtain regulatory approval for a product candidate will prevent us from commercializing the product candidate. Securing FDA approval requires the submission of an NDA containing extensive preclinical and clinical data and supporting information for each therapeutic indication to establish the product candidate’s safety and efficacy. Securing FDA approval also requires the submission of information about the product manufacturing process to, and inspection of manufacturing facilities by, the FDA.
     We have not yet submitted an NDA or received regulatory approval to market VIAject® or any of our other product candidates in the United States or any other jurisdiction. We intend to submit our NDA for VIAject® by the end of calendar year 2009. If we are delayed in filing our NDA, our ability to generate revenue from the commercialization of VIAject® will be similarly delayed. Even if we submit our NDA for VIAject® as planned, we cannot guarantee that the FDA will accept our NDA as filed, review our NDA in a timely fashion or approve our NDA. Many companies that have believed that their product performed satisfactorily in clinical trials have nonetheless failed to obtain FDA approval for their products. Upon the FDA’s review of our NDA, it may request that we conduct additional analyses of the data and, if it believes that the data are not satisfactory, could request additional information from us, including data that may necessitate additional clinical trials. While we announced positive preliminary results from our pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial of VIAject®, data from patients with Type 1 diabetes in India were found to be anomalous when compared data from the United States and Germany for the same trial. As a result, the FDA could conclude we did not establish non-inferiority of VIAject® when compared to Humulin ® R in terms of blood glucose control. Failure of the FDA to accept our NDA for filing or failure to receive FDA approval for our NDA, will materially impair our ability to generate product revenue and our business.
If the FDA does not believe that our product candidates satisfy the requirements for the Section 505(b)(2) approval procedure, the approval pathway will take longer and cost more than anticipated and in either case may not be successful.
     We believe that VIAject® and VIAtab™ qualify for approval under Section 505(b)(2) of the FFDCA. Because we are developing new formulations of previously approved chemical entities, such as insulin, this may enable us to avoid having to submit certain types of data and studies that are required in full NDAs and instead submit an NDA under Section 505(b)(2). The FDA may not agree that our products are approvable under Section 505(b)(2). Insulin is a unique and complex drug that is associated with more intra-and inter-patient variability than many small molecule drugs. The availability of the Section 505(b)(2) pathway for insulin is even more controversial than for small molecule drugs, and the FDA may not accept this pathway for our insulin product candidates. The FDA has not published any guidance that specifically addresses insulin Section 505(b)(2) NDAs. No other insulin product has yet been approved under a Section 505(b)(2) NDA. If the FDA determines that Section 505(b)(2) NDAs are not appropriate and that full NDAs are required for our product candidates, the time and financial resources required to obtain FDA approval for our product candidates could substantially and materially increase. This would require us to obtain substantially more funding than previously anticipated which could significantly dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders. Even with this investment, the prospect for FDA approval may be significantly lower. If the FDA requires full NDAs for our product candidates or requires more extensive testing and development for some other reason, our ability to compete with alternative products that arrive on the market more quickly than our product candidates would be adversely impacted.
     Notwithstanding the approval of many products by the FDA under Section 505(b)(2) over the last few years, certain brand-name pharmaceutical companies and others have objected to the FDA’s interpretation of Section 505(b)(2). If the FDA’s interpretation of Section 505(b)(2) is successfully challenged, the FDA may be required to change its interpretation of Section 505(b)(2) which could delay or even prevent the FDA from approving any Section 505(b)(2) NDA that we submit. The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive, and it is not uncommon for a manufacturer of an approved product to file a citizen petition with the FDA seeking to delay approval of, or impose additional approval requirements for, pending competing products. If successful, such petitions can significantly delay, or even prevent, the approval of the new product. However, even if the FDA ultimately denies such a petition, the FDA may substantially delay approval while it considers and responds to the petition.
     Moreover, even if VIAject® and VIAtab™ are approved under Section 505(b)(2), the approval may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed or to other conditions of approval, or may contain requirements for costly post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor the safety or efficacy of the product.
Any product for which we obtain marketing approval could be subject to restrictions or withdrawal from the market and we may be subject to penalties if we fail to comply with regulatory requirements or if we experience unanticipated problems with our products, when and if any of them are approved.
     Any product for which we obtain marketing approval, along with the manufacturing processes, post-approval clinical data, labeling, advertising and promotional activities for such product, will be subject to continual requirements of and review by the FDA and comparable regulatory authorities. These requirements include, in the case of FDA, submissions of safety and other post-marketing information and reports, registration requirements, cGMP requirements relating to quality control, quality assurance and corresponding maintenance of records and documents, requirements regarding the distribution of samples to physicians and recordkeeping. Even if regulatory approval of a product is

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granted, the approval may be subject to limitations on the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed or to other conditions of approval, or may contain requirements for costly post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor the safety or efficacy of the product. In addition, if any of our product candidates are approved, our product labeling, advertising and promotion would be subject to regulatory requirements and continuing regulatory review. The FDA strictly regulates the promotional claims that may be made about prescription drug products. In particular, a drug may not be promoted in a misleading manner or for uses that are not approved by the FDA as reflected in the product’s approved labeling. The FDA and other agencies actively enforce the laws and regulations prohibiting misleading promotion and the promotion of off-label uses, and a company that is found to have improperly promoted off-label uses may be subject to significant liability.
     Discovery after approval of previously unknown problems with our products, manufacturers or manufacturing processes, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements, may result in actions such as:
    restrictions on such products’ manufacturers or manufacturing processes;
 
    restrictions on the marketing or distribution of a product;
 
    warning letters;
 
    withdrawal of the products from the market;
 
    refusal to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications that we submit;
 
    recall of products;
 
    fines, restitution or disgorgement of profits or revenue;
 
    suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approvals;
 
    refusal to permit the import or export of our products;
 
    product seizure;
 
    injunctions; or
 
    imposition of civil or criminal penalties.
Legislation may make it more difficult and costly for us to obtain regulatory approval of our product candidates and to produce, market and distribute our existing products.
     On September 27, 2007, President Bush signed into law the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, or the FDAAA. This new legislation grants significant new powers to the FDA, many of which are aimed at improving drug safety and assuring the safety of drug products after approval. Under the FDAAA, companies that violate the new law are subject to substantial civil monetary penalties. While we expect the FDAAA to have a significant impact on the pharmaceutical industry, the extent of the impact is not yet known. The new requirements and changes imposed by the FDAAA may make it more difficult, and more costly, to obtain and maintain approval of new pharmaceutical products and to produce, market and distribute existing products.
     In addition, the FDA’s regulations, policies or guidance may change and new or additional statutes or government regulations may be enacted that could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our product candidates or further restrict or regulate post-approval activities. It is impossible to predict whether additional legislative changes will be enacted, or FDA regulations, guidance or interpretations implemented or modified, or what the impact of such changes, if any, may be.
Failure to obtain regulatory approval in international jurisdictions would prevent us from marketing our products abroad.
     We intend to have our products marketed outside the United States. In order to market our products in the European Union and many other jurisdictions, we must obtain separate regulatory approvals and comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements of other countries regarding safety and efficacy and governing, among other things, clinical trials and commercial sales and distribution of our products. The approval procedure varies among countries and can involve additional testing. The time required to obtain approval may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval. The regulatory approval process outside the United States may include all of the risks associated with obtaining FDA approval, as well as additional risks. In addition, in many countries outside the United States, it is required that the product be approved for reimbursement before the product can be approved for sale in that country. We may not obtain approvals from regulatory authorities outside the United States on a timely basis, if at all. Approval by the FDA does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries or jurisdictions, and approval by one regulatory authority outside the United States does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries or jurisdictions or by the FDA. We may not be able to file for regulatory approvals and may not receive necessary approvals to commercialize our products in any market.
Reports of side effects or safety concerns in related technology fields or in other companies’ clinical trials could delay or prevent us from obtaining regulatory approval or negatively impact public perception of our product candidates.
     At present, there are a number of clinical trials being conducted by us and by other pharmaceutical companies involving insulin or insulin delivery systems. The major safety concern with patients taking insulin is the occurrence of hypoglycemic events. If we discover that our product is associated with a significantly increased frequency of hypoglycemic or other adverse events, or if other pharmaceutical companies

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announce that they observed frequent or significant adverse events in their trials involving insulin or insulin delivery systems, we could encounter delays in the commencement or completion of our clinical trials or difficulties in obtaining the approval of our product candidates. In addition, the public perception of our products might be adversely affected, which could harm our business and results of operations, even if the concern relates to another company’s product.
Risks Related to Employee Matters and Managing Growth
Our future success depends on our ability to retain our chief executive officer and other key executives and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel.
     We are highly dependent on Dr. Solomon S. Steiner, our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Gerard Michel, our Chief Financial Officer and Dr. Alan Krasner, our Chief Medical Officer. Dr. Steiner is an inventor of our VIAdel™ technology. The loss of the services of any of these persons might impede the achievement of our research, development and commercialization objectives. With the exception of Dr. Steiner, who has an employment agreement, all of our employees are “at will” and we currently do not have employment agreements with any of the other members of our management or scientific staff. Replacing key employees may be difficult and time-consuming because of the limited number of individuals in our industry with the skills and experiences required to develop, gain regulatory approval of and commercialize our product candidates successfully. Other than a $1 million key person insurance policy on Dr. Steiner, we do not have key person life insurance to cover the loss of any of our other employees.
     Recruiting and retaining qualified scientific personnel, clinical personnel and sales and marketing personnel will also be critical to our success. We may not be able to attract and retain these personnel on acceptable terms, if at all, given the competition among numerous pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for similar personnel. We also experience competition for the hiring of scientific and clinical personnel from other companies, universities and research institutions. In addition, we rely on consultants and advisors, including scientific and clinical advisors, to assist us in formulating our research and development and commercialization strategy. Our consultants and advisors may be employed by employers other than us and may have commitments under consulting or advisory contracts with other entities that may limit their availability to us.
We may expand our development, regulatory and sales and marketing capabilities, and as a result, we may encounter difficulties in managing our growth, which could disrupt our operations.
     If our development and commercialization plans for VIAject® are successful, we may experience significant growth in the number of our employees and the scope of our operations, particularly in the areas of manufacturing, clinical trials management, and regulatory affairs. To manage our anticipated future growth, we must continue to implement and improve our managerial, operational and financial systems and continue to recruit and train additional qualified personnel. Due to our limited financial resources we may not be able to effectively manage the expansion of our operations or recruit and train additional qualified personnel. Any inability to manage growth could delay the execution of our business plans or disrupt our operations.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
Our executive officers, directors and principal stockholders have significant ability to control all matters submitted to stockholders for approval.
     Our executive officers, directors and principal stockholders, in the aggregate, beneficially own shares representing approximately 65% of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, these stockholders, if they act together, will be able to exercise a significant controlling influence over matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, such as mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of our assets, and will have significant control over our management and policies. The interests of this group of stockholders may not always coincide with our corporate interests or the interests of other stockholders. This significant concentration of stock ownership could also result in the entrenchment of our management and adversely affect the price of our common stock.
Provisions in our corporate charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.
     Provisions in our corporate charter and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of us that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which you might otherwise receive a premium for your shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, thereby depressing the market price of our common stock. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors. Because our board of directors is responsible for appointing the members of our management team, these provisions could in turn affect any attempt by our stockholders to replace current members of our management team.
     Among others, these provisions:
    establish a classified board of directors such that not all members of the board are elected at one time;
 
    allow the authorized number of our directors to be changed only by resolution of our board of directors;
 
    limit the manner in which stockholders can remove directors from the board;

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    establish advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals that can be acted on at stockholder meetings and nominations to our board of directors;
 
    require that stockholder actions must be effected at a duly called stockholder meeting and prohibit actions by our stockholders by written consent;
 
    limit who may call stockholder meetings;
 
    authorize our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used to institute a stockholder rights plan or “poison pill” that would work to dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer, effectively preventing acquisitions that have not been approved by our board of directors; and
 
    require the approval of the holders of at least 75% of the votes that all our stockholders would be entitled to cast to amend or repeal certain provisions of our charter or bylaws.
     In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally prohibits a person who owns in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock from merging or combining with us for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person acquired in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock, unless the merger or combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
If our stock price is volatile, purchasers of our common stock could incur substantial losses.
     Our stock price may be volatile. The stock market in general and the market for biotechnology companies in particular have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including:
    results of clinical trials of our product candidates or those of our competitors;
 
    regulatory or legal developments in the United States and other countries;
 
    variations in our financial results or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to us;
 
    developments or disputes concerning patents or other proprietary rights;
 
    the recruitment or departure of key personnel;
 
    changes in the structure of healthcare payment systems;
 
    market conditions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors and issuance of new or changed securities analysts’ reports or recommendations;
 
    general economic, industry and market conditions; and
 
    the other factors described in this “Risk Factors” section.
We have never paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
     We have paid no cash dividends on our capital stock to date. We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. In addition, the terms of any future debt agreements may preclude us from paying dividends. As a result, we do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future, and payment of cash dividends, if any, will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors and will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Furthermore, we may in the future become subject to contractual restrictions on, or prohibitions against, the payment of dividends. Capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be investors’ sole source of gain for the foreseeable future.
A significant portion of our total outstanding shares are restricted from immediate resale but may be sold into the market in the near future. This could cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.
     Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our common stock. As of April 30, 2009, we had outstanding 23,722,826 shares of common stock. Of these, approximately 11.0 million shares are able to be sold in accordance with the SEC’s Rule 144 and the remainder are generally freely tradable without restriction under securities laws.
We incur substantial costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management is required to devote substantial time to comply with public company regulations.
     We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 as well as other federal and state laws. These requirements may place a strain on our people, systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting, significant resources and management oversight will be required. This may divert management’s attention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
     Our Annual Meeting of Stockholders was held on March 3, 2009.
     There were present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy stockholders holding an aggregate of 21,188,612 shares of common stock. The results of the vote taken at the Annual Meeting with respect to each matter voted upon were as follows:
     Proposal 1. The stockholders approved a proposal to elect each of the three nominees to the board of directors as class I directors. The tabulation of votes on this proposal was as follows:
                 
Nominees   Votes For   Votes Withheld
Dr. Charles Sander
    21,046,793       141,819  
Dr. Daniel Lorber
    21,155,094       33,518  
Dr. Brian J. G. Pereira
    21,050,493       138,119  
     The terms of Dr. Solomon S. Steiner, Dr. Barry Ginsberg, David Kroin, Dr. Ira W. Lieberman, Dr. Samuel Wertheimer and Scott A. Weisman as directors of the Company continued after this meeting.
     Proposal 2. The stockholders approved a proposal to ratify the appointment of BDO Seidman, LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the 2008 fiscal year. The tabulation of votes on this proposal was as follows:
                         
    Votes For   Votes Against   Votes Abstain
Ratification of the appointment of BDO Seidman, LLP for fiscal 2009
    21,164,656       21,638       2,318  
Item 6. Exhibits
     
Exhibit No.   Description
 
   
10.1
  2005 Non-employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated.
 
   
10.2
  Form of Option Agreement for 2005 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan.
 
   
31.01
  Chief Executive Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
31.02
  Chief Financial Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
32.01
  Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

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SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
         
Dated: May 8, 2009  BIODEL INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Gerard Michel    
    Gerard Michel, Chief Financial Officer,   
    VP Corporate Development, and Treasurer   

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Exhibit No.   Description
 
   
10.1
  2005 Non-employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated.
 
   
10.2
  Form of Option Agreement for 2005 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan.
 
   
31.01
  Chief Executive Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
31.02
  Chief Financial Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
32.01
  Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer—Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

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