Quarterly Financial Data - Summary of the Quarterly Consolidated Results of Operations (Detail) (USD $)	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2013	Sep. 30, 2013	Jun. 30, 2013	Mar. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012	Sep. 30, 2012	Jun. 30, 2012	Mar. 31, 2012	Dec. 31, 2013	Dec. 31, 2012	Dec. 31, 2011
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 3,871,632	$ 1,635,600	$ 1,613,262	$ 1,367,472	$ 2,161,501	$ 219,575	$ 258,237	$ 931,397	$ 8,487,966	$ 3,570,710	$ 8,790,209
Loss from Operations	(2,996,158)	(5,856,468)	(6,776,618)	(7,447,515)	(5,561,466)	(7,841,541)	(9,161,724)	(7,481,875)	(23,076,759)	(30,046,606)	(25,105,171)
Net income (loss)	(844,754)	(4,610,961)	(3,886,421)	(10,787,148)	2,206,800	(12,315,676)	(5,906,870)	(6,398,894)	(20,129,284)	(22,414,640)	(5,229,725)
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Cleveland BioLabs, Inc.	$ (365,247)	$ (4,091,196)	$ (3,042,111)	$ (9,764,323)	$ 3,109,524	$ (10,877,836)	$ (5,078,684)	$ (5,387,146)	$ (17,262,877)	$ (18,234,142)	$ (4,013,670)
Basic Earnings (Loss) Per Share Available for Common Shareholders	$ (0.01)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.07	$ (0.30)	$ (0.14)	$ (0.15)
Fully Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share Available for Common Shareholders	$ (0.01)	$ (0.09)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.07	$ (0.30)	$ (0.14)	$ (0.15)
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding, Basic	45,170,129	45,061,274	44,948,591	44,826,576	42,236,226	35,879,245	35,745,675	35,657,563
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding, Diluted	45,170,129	45,061,274	44,948,591	44,826,576	42,565,945	35,879,245	35,745,675	35,657,563