Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (No. 333-253148) on Form S-3 and (Nos. 333-143147, 333-154280, 333-159049, 333-174219, 333-193827, 333-218933, and 333-239878) on Form S-8 of our reports dated February 9, 2024, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Green Plains Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Omaha, Nebraska

February 9, 2024