Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Summary of Income (Loss) Related to U.S. and Non-U.S. Operations

A summary of income (loss) related to U.S. and non-U.S. operations are as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Operations
U.S. Domestic	$	96,636	$	63,416	$	50,102
Foreign		1,945		494		84
Total pre-tax income	$	98,581	$	63,910	$	50,186

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes Attributable to Income from Continuing Operations

The provision (benefit) for income taxes attributable to income from continuing operations for the years ended December 31 consists of the following (in thousands):

	2021			2020			2019
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	24,394		$	14,446		$	2,772
State		3,604			3,694			2,450
Foreign		—			864			294
Total current		27,998			19,004			5,516
Deferred:
U.S. Federal		(4,231	)		(2,221	)		6,392
State		984			(96	)		(440	)
Foreign		97			(909	)		1,132
Total deferred		(3,150	)		(3,226	)		7,084
Total	$	24,848		$	15,778		$	12,600

Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31 consist of the following (in thousands):

	2021			2020
Domestic deferred tax assets:
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$	1,720		$	1,198
Other assets		1,851			1,583
Accrued expenses		11,818			6,336
Total domestic deferred tax assets	$	15,389		$	9,117
Domestic deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	$	3,067		$	885
Marketable securities		199			498
Intangible assets		24,159			19,363
Property and equipment		49,214			52,797
Total domestic deferred tax liabilities	$	76,639		$	73,543
Net domestic deferred tax liabilities	$	61,250		$	64,426
Foreign deferred tax assets
Net operating losses	$	4,196		$	4,447
Valuation allowance - foreign		(2,136	)		(2,288	)
Total foreign deferred tax asset	$	2,060		$	2,159
Net deferred tax liability	$	59,190		$	62,267

Income Tax Expense Attributable to Income from Continuing Operations Differs from Statutory Rates

Income tax expense attributable to income from continuing operations differs from the statutory rates as follows:

	2021			2020			2019
Federal statutory rate		21	%		21	%		21	%
State, net of federal benefit		4	%		4	%		3	%
Foreign		0	%		0	%		2	%
Other		0	%		0	%		-1	%
Effective tax rate		25	%		25	%		25	%

Changes in Company's Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The changes in our gross unrecognized tax benefits during the years ended December 31 are as follows (in thousands):

	2021			2020			2019
Unrecognized tax benefit – beginning of year	$	272		$	279		$	331
Increases related to prior year tax positions		—			—			20
Increases related to current year tax positions		35			30			29
Decreases related to prior year tax positions		(81	)		(37	)		(101	)
Unrecognized tax benefit – end of year	$	226		$	272		$	279