RESTRUCTURING AND IMPAIRMENT

“Restructuring and impairment, net” for the year ended March 31, 2017 was $10 million, which included impairment charges unrelated to restructuring actions of $2 million on certain fixed assets in North America, South America, and Asia. "Restructuring and impairment, net” for the year ended March 31, 2016 was $48 million, which included impairment charges unrelated to restructuring actions of $3 million on certain fixed assets in North America, South America and Asia. “Restructuring and impairment, net” for the year ended March 31, 2015 was $37 million, which included impairment charges unrelated to restructuring actions of $2 million on certain non-core assets in North America.

The following table summarizes our restructuring liability activity and other impairment charges (in millions).



	Total restructuring liabilities			Other restructuring charges (A)		Total restructuring charges			Other impairments (B)		Total restructuring and impairments, net
Balance as of March 31, 2014	$	47
Fiscal 2015 Activity:
Expenses	30			$	5	$	35		$	2	$	37
Cash payments	(32		)
Foreign currency translation and other (C)	(13		)
Balance as of March 31, 2015	32
Fiscal 2016 Activity:
-Provisions	23
-Reversal of expense	(2		)
Expenses	21			$	24	$	45	—	$	3	$	48
Cash payments	(22		)
Foreign currency translation and other (C)	(4		)
Balance as of March 31, 2016	27
Fiscal 2017 Activity:
Expenses	8			$	—	$	8		$	2	$	10
Cash payments	(13		)
Foreign currency translation and other (C)	2
Balance as of March 31, 2017	$	24


(A)	Other restructuring charges include period expenses that were not recorded through the restructuring liability and impairments related to a restructuring activity.


(B)	Other impairment charges not related to a restructuring activity.


(C)	This primarily relates to the remeasurement of Brazilian real denominated restructuring liabilities.

As of March 31, 2017, $16 million of restructuring liabilities was classified as short-term and was included in "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" and $8 million was classified as long-term and was included in "Other long-term liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, restructuring payments and the remaining liability for the Asia segment for the year ended March 31, 2017 was $1 million which relates primarily to staff rationalization activities to better align operations to current needs.

North America

The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for the North America segment by plan (in millions).



		Year Ended March 31,
		2017		2016			2015			Prior to April 1, 2014
Restructuring charges - North America
Saguenay Plant Closure:
	Severance	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	5
	Fixed asset impairment (A)	—		—			—			28
	Other exit related costs	1		—			1			1
	Period expenses (A)	—		1			—			4
Total restructuring charges - North America		$	1	$	1		$	1		$	38

Restructuring payments - North America
	Severance	$	—	$	—		$	(2	)
	Other	—		(1		)	(1		)
Total restructuring payments - North America		$	—	$	(1	)	$	(3	)

(A) These charges were not recorded through the restructuring liability.

In fiscal 2012, we closed our Saguenay Works facility in Canada and relocated our North America research and development operations to a new global research and technology facility in Kennesaw, Georgia. As of March 31, 2017, the outstanding restructuring liability for the North America segment was $1 million, which related to environmental charges.

Europe

The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for the Europe segment by plan (in millions).



		Year Ended March 31,
		2017			2016			2015			Prior to April 1, 2014
Restructuring charges - Europe
Business optimization
	Severance	$	—		$	—		$	3		$	42
	Pension settlement loss (A)	—			—			—			1

Corporate restructuring program
	Severance	2			4			—			—
Total restructuring charges - Europe		$	2		$	4		$	3		$	43

Restructuring payments - Europe
	Severance	$	(4	)	$	(6	)	$	(12	)
	Other	—			—			—
Total restructuring payments - Europe		$	(4	)	$	(6	)	$	(12	)

(A) These charges were not recorded through the restructuring liability.

The Company implemented a series of restructuring actions at the global headquarters office and in the Europe region which include staff rationalization activities and the shutdown of facilities to optimize our business in Europe.

As of March 31, 2017, the outstanding restructuring liability for the Europe segment was $2 million, which relates to severance charges.

South America

The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for the South America segment by plan (in millions).



		Year Ended March 31,
		2017			2016			2015			Prior to April 1, 2014
Restructuring charges - South America
Ouro Preto closures
	Severance	$	1		$	2		$	14		$	5
	Asset impairments (A)	—			—			5			1
	Environmental (reversal) charges	—			(1		)	6			16
	Contract termination and other exit related costs	2			2			5			6

Other South America restructuring programs
	Severance	2			—			—			—

Other past restructuring programs
	Severance	—			—			—			7
	Asset impairments (A)	—			—			—			7
	Contract termination and other exit related costs	—			—			1			6
Total restructuring charges - South America		$	5		$	3		$	31		$	48

Restructuring payments - South America
	Severance	$	(2	)	$	(2	)	$	(12	)
	Other	(5		)	(3		)	(4		)
Total restructuring payments - South America		$	(7	)	$	(5	)	$	(16	)

(A) These charges were not recorded through the restructuring liability.

We ceased operations at the smelter in Ouro Preto, Brazil, in December 2014. This decision was made in an effort to further align our global sustainability strategy, and exit non-core operations. Certain charges associated with this closure are reflected within the "Ouro Preto closures" section above, along with our closure of a pot line in Ouro Preto, Brazil, in fiscal 2013.

In fiscal 2017, the Company implemented additional restructuring actions in South America which include staff rationalization activities to optimize our business in South America.

As of March 31, 2017, the outstanding restructuring liability for the South America segment was $19 million and relates to $12 million of environmental charges, and $7 million of contract termination and other exit related costs.

For additional information on environmental charges see Note 20 — Commitments and Contingencies.

Corporate

The following table summarizes our restructuring activity for the Corporate segment by plan (in millions).



		Year Ended March 31
		2017			2016			2015		Prior to April 1, 2014
Restructuring charges - Corporate
	Severance	$	—		$	12		$	—	$	—
	Asset impairments (A)	—			21			—		—
	Period expenses (A)	—			2			—		—
Total restructuring charges - Corporate		—			35			—		—

Restructuring payments - Corporate
	Severance	(1		)	(10		)	—
Total restructuring payments - Corporate		$	(1	)	$	(10	)	$	—


(A)	These charges were not recorded through the restructuring liability and related to the partial impairment of certain capitalized software intangible assets that will no longer be developed.

In fiscal 2016, the Company implemented a series of restructuring actions at the global headquarters office and in the Europe region to better align the organizational structure and corporate staffing levels with strategic priorities. As part of this plan, the Company impaired certain capitalized software assets. As of March 31, 2017, the restructuring liability for the corporate office was $1 million and related to severance charges.