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Property and Equipment, net (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Schedule of Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net consists of the following:
Estimated useful livesAs of
(Years)September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Owned Assets:
Network equipment and computers
3-5
$125,523 $116,023 
Software
2-5
106,738 101,884 
Leasehold improvements
3-8
43,326 46,401 
Office furniture and equipment
3-8
20,669 22,302 
Motor vehicles
2-5
573 693 
Buildings30978 1,070 
Land640 700 
Capital work in progress10,876 10,288 
309,323 299,361 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(229,813)(213,699)
$79,510 $85,662 
Right-of-use assets under finance leases*:
Network equipment and computers$84 $91 
Leasehold improvements1,030 1,229 
Office furniture and equipment666 787 
Motor vehicles636 578 
2,416 2,685 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(1,993)(2,339)
423 346 
Property and equipment, net$79,933 $86,008 

*Depreciation on assets held under finance leases are computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the assets estimated useful lives or the lease term.
The depreciation and amortization expense, excluding amortization of acquisition-related intangibles, recognized in the unaudited consolidated statements of income was as follows:
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2022202120222021
Depreciation and amortization expense$10,137 $9,283 $29,182 $26,936 

The effect of foreign exchange gain/(loss) upon settlement of cash flow hedges recorded under depreciation and amortization, was as follows:
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2022202120222021
Effect of foreign exchange gain/(loss)$(126)$120 $(64)$443 

Internally developed software costs, included under Software, was as follows:
As of
September 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Cost$29,015 $19,289 
Less : Accumulated amortization(14,599)(10,226)
Internally developed software, net$14,416 $9,063 

The amortization expense on internally developed software recognized in the unaudited consolidated statements of income was as follows:
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2022202120222021
Amortization expense$1,832 $1,086 $4,414 $3,165