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Property and Equipment, net (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Schedule of Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net consists of the following:
As of
Estimated useful lives (Years)December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Owned Assets:
Network equipment and computers
3-5
$116,023 $107,016 
Software
3-5
101,884 99,708 
Leasehold improvements
3-8
46,401 48,052 
Office furniture and equipment
3-8
22,302 22,210 
Motor vehicles
2-5
693 599 
Buildings
30
1,070 1,089 
Land700 712 
Capital work in progress10,288 4,647 
299,361 284,033 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(213,699)(191,629)
$85,662 $92,404 
Right-of-use assets under finance leases:*
Network equipment and computers91 93 
Leasehold improvements1,229 817 
Office furniture and equipment787 255 
Motor vehicles578 688 
2,685 1,853 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(2,339)(1,382)
$346 $471 
Property and equipment, net$86,008 $92,875 
*Depreciation on assets held under finance leases are computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the asset's estimated useful lives or the lease term.
The depreciation and amortization expense, excluding amortization of acquisition-related intangibles recognized in the consolidated statements of income was as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202120202019
Depreciation and amortization expense$36,354 $36,050 $30,423 
The effect of foreign exchange gain upon settlement of cash flow hedges recorded under depreciation and amortization, was as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202120202019
Effect of foreign exchange gains$524 $51 $212 
Internally developed software costs, included under Software, was as follows:
As of
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Cost$19,289 $18,371 
Less : Accumulated amortization(10,226)(5,998)
Internally developed software, net$9,063 $12,373 
The amortization expense on internally developed software recognized in the consolidated statements of income was as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202120202019
Amortization expense$4,253 $4,894 $2,745