Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 133,137	$ 77,795	$ 76,077
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	224,797	198,792	182,972
Accretion of asset retirement obligation	6,164	5,257	3,977
Stock-based compensation	15,478	11,646	9,168
Income attributable to sale of tax benefits, net of interest expense	(23,462)	(13,153)	(12,201)
Equity in losses (earnings) of investees, net	(35)	3,072	2,624
Mark-to-market of derivative instruments	(2,206)	1,613	741
Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment	35	(89)	0
Write-off of unsuccessful exploration activities	3,733	828	0
Impairment of long-lived assets	0	32,648	0
Loss from prepayment of a long-term loan	0	1,102	0
Loss (gain) on severance pay fund asset	154	1,019	(1,335)
Deferred income tax provision	(6,017)	(18,979)	(3,115)
Liability for unrecognized tax benefits	2,114	829	3,760
Other	0	575	526
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of businesses acquired:
Receivables	(97,640)	(19,929)	26,738
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts	(1,962)	(6,713)	14,852
Inventories	(22,205)	5,613	4,127
Prepaid expenses and other	(3,248)	4,888	(19,105)
Change in operating lease right of use asset	3,761	2,717	3,010
Deposits and other	(7,900)	2,571	(4,154)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	68,590	(2,045)	(21,936)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts	9,884	(463)	(1,931)
Liabilities for severance pay	(989)	(2,861)	(3,055)
Change in operating lease liabilities	(3,435)	(3,581)	(2,816)
Other liabilities, net	10,653	(2,178)	(102)
Net cash provided by operating activities	309,401	280,974	258,822
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of marketable securities	0	(19,192)	(60,070)
Maturities of marketable securities	0	32,645	16,272
Sale of marketable securities	0	29,355	0
Capital expenditures	(618,383)	(563,476)	(419,272)
Cash received from insurance recoveries	0	600	0
Investment in unconsolidated companies	(10,181)	(4,509)	(6,401)
Cash paid for acquisition of a business, net of cash acquired	0	0	(171,000)
Decrease (increase) in severance pay fund asset, net of payments made to retired employees	221	1,171	3,189
Other investing activities	0	0	(911)
Net cash used in investing activities	(628,343)	(523,406)	(638,193)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term loans, net of transaction costs	149,837	135,259	275,000
Proceeds from exercise of options by employees	314	39	0
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of stock issuance costs	341,671	0	311
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, net of transaction costs	0	419,698	0
Purchase of capped call instruments	0	(24,538)	0
Purchase of treasury stock	0	(17,964)	0
Proceeds from the sale of limited liability company interest, net of transaction costs	42,329	50,330	37,141
Repayments of commercial paper and prepayments of long-term debt	0	(219,126)	0
Proceeds from issuance of commercial paper, net of transaction costs	99,971	0	0
Proceeds from revolving credit lines with banks	55,000	0	0
Repayment of revolving credit lines with banks	(35,000)	0	0
Cash received from noncontrolling interest	7,341	5,443	5,390
Transaction with noncontrolling interest	(30,000)	0	0
Repayments of long-term debt and financing liability	(207,039)	(185,163)	(93,046)
Cash paid to noncontrolling interest	(9,856)	(5,880)	(6,903)
Payments under finance lease obligations	(1,963)	(2,983)	(3,181)
Deferred debt issuance costs	(4,229)	(1,699)	(1,341)
Cash dividends paid	(28,412)	(27,143)	(26,986)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	379,964	126,273	186,385
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents	72	(609)	(348)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents	61,094	(116,768)	(193,334)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	226,676	343,444	536,778
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period	287,770	226,676	343,444
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest, net of interest capitalized	72,236	69,132	66,627
Income taxes, net	26,250	29,004	34,357
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities:
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable related to purchases of property, plant and equipment	(12,417)	4,764	7,976
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities	6,402	8,759	6,175
Increase in asset retirement cost and asset retirement obligation	$ 10,546	$ 7,512	$ 12,153