As of June 30, 2019, the Company has 50,000,000 authorized shares of common stock and 17,645,720 shares issued and outstanding, and 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, of which none were issued or outstanding.

In September 2016, the Company entered into the Sales Agreement with Cowen pursuant to which the Company could offer and sell from time to time, up to an aggregate of $25 million of shares of its common stock through Cowen, as sales agent, with initial sales limited to an aggregate of $11.5 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold 318,236 shares of its common stock under this at the market offering resulting in aggregate net proceeds to the Company of approximately $0.6 million, and gross proceeds of $0.6 million. In connection with the October 2018 Public Offering, the Company terminated the at the market offering.

In the February 2018 Public Offering, the Company issued 2,841,152 units at $3.25 per unit, and 851,155 pre-funded units at $3.24 per pre-funded unit, raising gross proceeds of approximately $12 million and net proceeds of approximately $10.7 million. Each unit included one share of common stock and one common warrant to purchase 0.5 share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.25 per share. Each pre-funded unit included one pre-funded warrant to purchase one share of common stock for an exercise price of $0.01 per share, and one common warrant to purchase 0.5 share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.25 per share. The common warrants were exercisable immediately and have a five-year term from the date of issuance. The 851,155 pre-funded warrants issued in the February 2018 Public Offering were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2018.

In connection with the February 2018 Public Offering, the Company issued to its placement agent warrants to purchase 184,615 shares of common stock. The warrants issued to the placement agent have an exercise price of $4.0625 per share and are exercisable for five years.

On October 22, 2018, the Company closed the October 2018 Public Offering of 2,220,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $1.45 per share. The offering raised gross proceeds of approximately $3.2 million and net proceeds of approximately $2.8 million.

On March 29, 2019, the Company closed the March 2019 Public Offering of 9,000,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $0.60 per share. The offering raised gross proceeds of $5.4 million and net proceeds of approximately $4.8 million.

In 2008, the Company adopted the 2008 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2008 Plan”), pursuant to which the Company’s Board of Directors could grant either incentive or non-qualified stock options or shares of restricted stock to directors, key employees, consultants and advisors.

In April 2015, the Company adopted, and the Company’s stockholders approved, the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”); the 2015 Plan became effective upon the execution and delivery of the underwriting agreement for the Company’s initial public offering in May 2015. Following the effectiveness of the 2015 Plan, no further grants will be made under the 2008 Plan. The 2015 Plan provides for the granting of incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code to employees and the granting of non-qualified stock options to employees, non-employee directors and consultants. The 2015 Plan also provides for the grants of restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalents and stock payments to employees, non-employee directors and consultants.

Under the 2015 Plan, the aggregate number of shares of the common stock authorized for issuance may not exceed (1) 54,200 plus (2) the sum of the number of shares subject to outstanding awards under the 2008 Plan as of the 2015 Plan’s effective date, that are subsequently forfeited or terminated for any reason before being exercised or settled, plus (3) the number of shares subject to vesting restrictions under the 2008 Plan as of the 2015 Plan’s effective date that are subsequently forfeited. In addition, the number of shares that have been authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan will be automatically increased on the first day of each fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2016 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2025, in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) 4% of the outstanding shares of common stock on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (2) another lesser amount determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. Shares subject to awards granted under the 2015 Plan that are forfeited or terminated before being exercised or settled, or are not delivered to the participant because such award is settled in cash, will again become available for issuance under the 2015 Plan. However, shares that have actually been issued shall not again become available unless forfeited. As of June 30, 2019, 84,412 shares remain available for issuance under the 2015 Plan, which includes 345,828 shares automatically added to the 2015 Plan on January 1, 2019.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Cost of services	$	524	$	1,341	$	562	$	3,731
Research and development		18,333		61,080		35,460		130,551
General and administrative		61,365		140,158		137,378		292,340
Sales and marketing		5,749		11,311		10,604		25,458
	$	85,971	$	213,890	$	184,004	$	452,080

No income tax benefit for stock-based compensation arrangements was recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss due to the Company’s net loss position.

The Company did not grant any stock options during the three months ended June 30, 2019. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, 720 options were forfeited and no options expired. The Company did not grant any stock options during the six months ended June 30, 2019. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, 720 options were forfeited and 5 options expired. The Company had total stock options to acquire 210,834 shares of common stock outstanding at June 30, 2019.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, 313,000 restricted stock units were granted, no restricted stock units vested and no restricted stock units were forfeited. The Company had 313,250 total restricted stock units outstanding at June 30, 2019.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the following warrants to purchase shares of common stock were outstanding:

				Outstanding at
Issuance	Exercise Price		Expiration	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
November 2009	$	197.75	November 2019		270		270
January 2010	$	197.75	January 2020		270		270
March 2010	$	197.75	March 2020		55		55
November 2011	$	197.75	November 2021		212		212
December 2011	$	197.75	December 2021		27		27
March 2012	$	2,747.50	March 2019		—		165
February 2015	$	165.00	February 2025		9,001		9,001
May 2015	$	165.00	May 2020		138,310		138,310
May 2016	$	32.81	May 2021		189,577		189,577
June 2016	$	32.81	May 2021		82,035		82,035
June 2017	$	19.50	June 2022		18,754		18,754
July 2017	$	17.25	July 2022		6,350		6,350
July 2017	$	12.50	July 2022		50,000		50,000
July 2017	$	10.63	July 2022		1,000,003		1,000,003
February 2018	$	4.06	February 2023		184,615		184,615
February 2018	$	3.25	February 2023		1,846,153		1,846,153
					3,525,632		3,525,797

The warrants listed above were issued in connection with various debt, equity or development contract agreements.