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Segment and Revenue Information
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment and Revenue Information Segment and Revenue Information
Our primary profitability measurement to review segment operating results is Loss from operations. We operate in three reportable segments: BCA, BDS, and BGS. All other activities fall within Unallocated items, eliminations and other. See page 8 for the Summary of Business Segment Data, which is an integral part of this note.
BCA develops, produces and markets commercial jet aircraft principally to the commercial airline industry worldwide. Revenue on commercial aircraft contracts is recognized at the point in time when an aircraft is completed and accepted by the customer.
BDS engages in the research, development, production and modification of the following products and related services: manned and unmanned military aircraft and weapons systems, surveillance and engagement, strategic defense and intelligence systems, satellite systems and space exploration. BDS revenue is generally recognized over the contract term (over time) as costs are incurred.
BGS provides parts, maintenance, modifications, logistics support, training, data analytics and information-based services to commercial and government customers worldwide. BGS segment revenue and costs include certain products and services provided to other segments. Revenue on commercial spare parts contracts is recognized at the point in time when a spare part is delivered to the customer. Revenue on other contracts is generally recognized over the contract term (over time) as costs are incurred.
The following tables present BCA, BDS and BGS revenues from contracts with customers disaggregated in a number of ways, such as geographic location, contract type and the method of revenue recognition. We believe these best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
BCA revenues by customer location consisted of the following:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30
2024202320242023
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Europe$3,046 $4,443 $1,499 $1,050 
Asia7,028 3,978 2,635 1,623 
Middle East1,618 2,723 444 1,257 
Other non-U.S.1,245 1,719 491 637 
Total non-U.S. revenues12,937 12,863 5,069 4,567 
United States5,512 10,435 2,354 3,260 
Estimated potential concessions and other considerations to 737 MAX customers, net of insurance recoveries
(443)54  28 
Total revenues from contracts with customers18,006 23,352 7,423 7,855 
Intersegment revenues eliminated on consolidation93 68 20 21 
Total segment revenues$18,099 $23,420 $7,443 $7,876 
Revenue recognized on fixed-price contracts100 %100 %100 %100 %
Revenue recognized at a point in time99 %99 %99 %99 %
BDS revenues on contracts with customers, based on the customer's location, consisted of the following:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30
2024202320242023
Revenue from contracts with customers:
U.S. customers$14,324 $14,686 $4,361 $4,348 
Non-U.S. customers(1)
4,183 3,501 1,175 1,133 
Total segment revenue from contracts with customers$18,507 $18,187 $5,536 $5,481 
Revenue recognized over time99 %99 %99 %99 %
Revenue recognized on fixed-price contracts53 %57 %49 %54 %
Revenue from the U.S. government(1)
91 %91 %92 %94 %
(1)Includes revenues earned from foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
BGS revenues consisted of the following:
(Dollars in millions)Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30
2024202320242023
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Commercial$8,782 $8,218 $2,882 $2,799 
Government5,764 5,793 1,935 1,919 
Total revenues from contracts with customers14,546 14,011 4,817 4,718 
Intersegment revenues eliminated on consolidation289 267 84 94 
Total segment revenues$14,835 $14,278 $4,901 $4,812 
Revenue recognized at a point in time53 %51 %53 %52 %
Revenue recognized on fixed-price contracts87 %87 %86 %88 %
Revenue from the U.S. government(1)
29 %31 %29 %30 %
(1)Includes revenues earned from foreign military sales through the U.S. government.
Backlog
Our total backlog includes contracts that we and our customers are committed to perform. The value in backlog represents the estimated transaction prices on performance obligations to our customers for which work remains to be performed. Backlog is converted into revenue, primarily based on the cost incurred or at delivery and acceptance of products, depending on the applicable revenue recognition model.
Our backlog at September 30, 2024 was $510,509. We expect approximately 19% to be converted to revenue through 2025 and approximately 64% through 2028, with the remainder thereafter. There is significant uncertainty regarding the timing of when backlog will convert into revenue. We may experience reductions to backlog and/or significant order cancellations due to various factors including delivery delays, production disruptions and delays to entry into service of the 777X, 737-7 and/or 737-10.
Unallocated Items, Eliminations and Other
Unallocated items, eliminations and other include common internal services that support Boeing’s global business operations and eliminations of certain sales between segments. We generally allocate costs to business segments based on the U.S. Government Cost Accounting Standards (CAS). Components of Unallocated items, eliminations and other income/(expense) are shown in the following table.
Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30
2024202320242023
Share-based plans$118 ($33)$65 $5 
Deferred compensation(100)(71)(51)25 
Amortization of previously capitalized interest(70)(71)(24)(24)
Research and development expense, net(293)(222)(105)(73)
Eliminations and other unallocated items(1,019)(670)(303)(204)
Unallocated items, eliminations and other
($1,364)($1,067)($418)($271)
Eliminations and other unallocated items for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 includes an earnings charge of $244 that reflects a fine that would be paid if an agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice is approved by the federal district court. For additional discussion, see Note 18 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Expense
Pension costs are allocated to BDS and BGS businesses supporting government customers using CAS, which employ different actuarial assumptions and accounting conventions than GAAP. These costs are allocable to government contracts. Other postretirement benefit costs are allocated to business segments based on CAS, which is generally based on benefits paid. FAS/CAS service cost adjustment represents the difference between the Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) pension and postretirement service costs calculated under GAAP and costs allocated to the business segments. Non-operating pension and postretirement expenses represent the components of net periodic benefit costs other than service cost. These expenses are included in Other income, net. Components of FAS/CAS service cost adjustment are shown in the following table:
Nine months ended September 30Three months ended September 30
2024202320242023
Pension FAS/CAS service cost adjustment$608 $663 $148 $218 
Postretirement FAS/CAS service cost adjustment224 200 80 63 
FAS/CAS service cost adjustment$832 $863 $228 $281 
Assets
Segment assets are summarized in the table below:
September 30
2024		December 31
2023
Commercial Airplanes$81,050 $77,047 
Defense, Space & Security15,739 14,921 
Global Services16,724 16,193 
Unallocated items, eliminations and other24,182 28,851 
Total$137,695 $137,012 
Assets included in Unallocated items, eliminations and other primarily consist of Cash and cash equivalents, Short-term and other investments, tax assets, capitalized interest and assets managed centrally on behalf of the three principal business segments and intercompany eliminations.