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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
We file federal and state income tax returns in the U.S. and income tax returns in foreign jurisdictions. With a few minor exceptions, we are no longer subject to income tax examinations by any of the taxing jurisdictions for years before 2012. We currently have one foreign income tax examination in process.
As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, unrecognized tax benefits related to federal, state and foreign jurisdictions were $0.6 million, all of which would impact our effective tax rate, if recognized. The unrecognized tax benefits are netted against their related noncurrent deferred tax assets that are carried forward as net operating losses and tax credits. When appropriate, we accrue penalties and interest related to unrecognized tax benefits through income tax expense. Included in the unrecognized tax benefits is $0.2 million interest and penalties as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, there was no material change to our tax reserves. Events could occur within the next twelve months that would have an impact on the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would require a reserve.
At March 31, 2017, due to cumulative losses and other factors, we continue to carry valuation allowances against the deferred assets primarily in the United Kingdom and Luxembourg. Additionally, we continue to carry valuation allowances related to certain state deferred assets that we believe to be more likely than not to expire before they can be utilized. We evaluate the need for valuation allowances in each of our jurisdictions on a quarterly basis.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, a tax provision benefit of $1.3 million was recognized relating to the settlement of the consulting contract litigation discussed in Note 10.