Goodwill, Capitalized Software Development and Intangible Assets, Net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill, Capitalized Software Development and Intangible Assets, Net

GOODWILL, CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Goodwill

For purposes of the goodwill impairment assessment, the Company as a whole is considered the reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is estimated under a market-based approach using the fair value of the Company's common stock. The estimated fair value requires significant judgments, including the timing and appropriateness of the price of common stock used (e.g., point-in-time application, simple moving average, exponential moving average), as well as application of an estimated control premium. There are a number of judgmental factors that are incorporated into our assessment to establish an estimated control premium, including the review of current and past market information published by a third-party resource, assessment of the Company's future projected discounted cash flows and other relevant information if available. While a formal impairment assessment is performed annually, the Company monitors its business environment for potential triggering events on a quarterly basis.

As of December 31, 2023, we had goodwill of $99.2 million, which includes accumulated impairment losses of $33.9 million. There was no change in goodwill as compared to December 31, 2022.

Capitalized Software Development

Capitalized software development was amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset, typically three years. With the discontinuation of Spok Go, we had no capitalized software development costs or resulting amortization for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2021, capitalized software development costs were $10.8 million with related amortization expense of $5.4 million.

During the fourth quarter of 2021, we determined that a triggering event had occurred based on a number of factors including a continuing trend of unsatisfactory Spok Go sales relative to our expectations, a significant accumulation of costs combined with a reduction of future sales projections which indicated continuing losses associated with Spok Go, and our expectation that Spok Go would not provide substantive future service potential. As such, further assessment of recoverability was necessary. The analysis determined that the remaining balance of capitalized software development costs had no fair value, and as a result, we recorded an impairment charge of $15.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Intangible Assets

There were no remaining amortizable intangible assets at December 31, 2023 and 2022. Intangible assets related primarily to customer relationships with an original gross carrying amount of $25.0 million, were being amortized over a period of 10 years and became fully amortized during the quarter ended March 31, 2021. We did not record an impairment of our intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.