10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019

OR

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                  to                  .

Commission file number: 001-34728

DOUGLAS DYNAMICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	134275891
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

7777 North 73rd Street

Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(414) 354-2310

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share	PLOW	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of shares of registrant’s common shares outstanding as of May 7, 2019 was 22,795,412.

DOUGLAS DYNAMICS, INC.

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3
Item 1. Financial Statements	3
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	3
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	4
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	5
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	6
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	38
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION	38
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	38
Item 1A. Risk Factors	39
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	39
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	39
Item 5. Other Information	39
Item 6. Exhibits	40
Signatures	41

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands except share data)

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
	(unaudited)		(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	348	$	27,820
Accounts receivable, net		55,282		81,485
Inventories		111,225		81,996
Inventories - truck chassis floor plan		7,382		4,204
Refundable income taxes paid		2,041		-
Prepaid and other current assets		3,723		3,590
Total current assets		180,001		199,095
Property, plant, and equipment, net		53,817		55,195
Goodwill		241,006		241,006
Other intangible assets, net		171,937		174,678
Operating lease - right of use asset		21,537		-
Other long-term assets		7,721		6,219
Total assets	$	676,019	$	676,193
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	16,443	$	18,703
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		18,410		23,306
Floor plan obligations		7,382		4,204
Operating lease liability - current		3,335		-
Income taxes payable		-		106
Short term borrowings		16,000		-
Current portion of long-term debt		2,749		32,749
Total current liabilities		64,319		79,068
Retiree health benefit obligation		6,345		6,240
Pension obligation		2,246		2,129
Deferred income taxes		49,208		48,198
Long-term debt, less current portion		242,465		242,946
Operating lease liability - noncurrent		18,222		-
Other long-term liabilities		17,065		14,856
Stockholders’ equity:
Common Stock, par value $0.01,  200,000,000 shares authorized, 22,795,412 and 22,700,991 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively		228		227
Additional paid-in capital		152,816		151,813
Retained earnings		130,176		136,765
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax		(7,071)		(6,049)
Total stockholders’ equity		276,149		282,756
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	676,019	$	676,193

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(unaudited)
Net sales	$	93,187	$	83,964
Cost of sales		70,241		63,937
Gross profit		22,946		20,027
Selling, general, and administrative expense		16,644		16,146
Intangibles amortization		2,741		2,871
Income from operations		3,561		1,010
Interest expense, net		(4,150)		(3,945)
Other expense, net		(171)		(203)
Loss before taxes		(760)		(3,138)
Income tax benefit		(463)		(1,262)
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic		22,729,084		22,623,518
Diluted		22,729,084		22,623,518
Loss per common share:
Basic	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)
Diluted	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)
Cash dividends declared and paid per share	$	0.27	$	0.27
Comprehensive loss	$	(1,319)	$	(1,052)

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(unaudited)
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		4,808		4,701
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount		303		304
Stock-based compensation		1,054		1,420
Provision for losses on accounts receivable		107		182
Deferred income taxes		1,010		1,749
Earnout liability		(217)		-
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		26,096		40,193
Inventories		(29,229)		(25,275)
Prepaid and refundable income taxes and other assets		(3,676)		(1,199)
Accounts payable		(2,179)		(208)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(1,451)		(5,950)
Benefit obligations and other long-term liabilities		(1,906)		234
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		(5,577)		14,275
Investing activities
Capital expenditures		(769)		(1,307)
Net cash used in investing activities		(769)		(1,307)
Financing activities
Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting paid for employees’ taxes		(50)		(23)
Dividends paid		(6,292)		(6,098)
Net revolver borrowings		16,000		-
Repayment of long-term debt		(30,784)		(30,785)
Net cash used in financing activities		(21,126)		(36,906)
Change in cash and cash equivalents		(27,472)		(23,938)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		27,820		36,875
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	348	$	12,937
Non-cash operating and financing activities
Truck chassis inventory acquired through floorplan obligations	$	10,299	$	7,301

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

									Accumulated
					Additional				Other
		Common Stock			Paid-in		Retained		Comprehensive
		Shares	Dollars		Capital		Earnings		Loss		Total
Balance at December 31, 2017		22,590,897	$	226	$	147,287	$	115,737	$	(6,572)	$	256,678
	Net loss	—		—		—		(1,876)		—		(1,876)
	Dividends paid	—		—		—		(6,098)		—		(6,098)
	Impact due to adoption of ASC 2014-09 (revenue recognition)	—		—		—		377		—		377
	Adjustment for pension and postretirement benefit liability, net of tax of ($32)	—		—		—		—		92		92
	Adjustment for interest rate swap, net of tax of ($257)	—		—		—		—		732		732
	Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting	—		—		(23)		—		—		(23)
	Stock based compensation	110,094		1		1,419		—		—		1,420
Balance at March 31, 2018		22,700,991		227		148,683		108,140		(5,748)		251,302
Balance at December 31, 2018		22,700,991	$	227	$	151,813	$	136,765	$	(6,049)	$	282,756
	Net loss	—		—		—		(297)		—		(297)
	Dividends paid	—		—		—		(6,292)		—		(6,292)
	Adjustment for pension and postretirement benefit liability, net of tax of ($18)	—		—		—		—		53		53
	Adjustment for interest rate swap, net of tax of $378	—		—		—		—		(1,075)		(1,075)
	Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting	—		—		(50)		—		—		(50)
	Stock based compensation	94,421		1		1,053		—		—		1,054
Balance at March 31, 2019		22,795,412	$	228	$	152,816	$	130,176	$	(7,071)	$	276,149

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands except share and per share data)

1.Basis of presentation

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for fiscal year-end financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. For further information, refer to the financial statements and related footnotes included in our 2018 Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-34728) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 26, 2019.

The Company currently conducts business in two segments: Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions. During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its business segments to reflect a new operating structure as a result of a change in how the Company’s chief operating decision maker allocates resources, makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. Under this revised reporting structure, the Company’s two reportable business segments are as follows: 

Work Truck Attachments.  The Work Truck Attachments segment includes commercial snow and ice management attachments sold under the FISHER®, WESTERN® and SNOWEX® brands.  This segment consists of our operations that manufacture and sell snow and ice control products.

Work Truck Solutions. The Work Truck Solutions segment includes manufactured municipal snow and ice control products under the HENDERSON® brand and the up-fit of market leading attachments and storage solutions under the HENDERSON® brand, and the DEJANA® brand and its related sub-brands.

See Note 15 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information regarding these segments. As a result of the revised reporting structure, the prior period presentation of reportable segments has been recast to conform to the current segment reporting structure.

Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, and the condensed cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 have been prepared by the Company and have not been audited.

The Company’s Work Truck Attachments segment is seasonal and consequently its results of operations and financial condition vary from quarter-to-quarter.  Because of this seasonality, the results of operations of the Work Truck Attachments segment for any quarter may not be indicative of results of operations that may be achieved for a subsequent quarter or the full year, and may not be similar to results of operations experienced in prior years. The Company attempts to manage the seasonal impact of snowfall on its revenues in part through its pre-season sales program. This pre-season sales program encourages the Company’s distributors to re-stock their inventory of Work Truck Attachments products during the second and third quarters in anticipation of the peak fourth quarter retail sales period by offering favorable pre-season pricing and payment deferral until the fourth quarter. Thus, the Company’s Work Truck Attachments segment tends to generate its greatest volume of sales during the second and third quarters. By contrast, its revenue and operating results tend to be lowest during the first quarter, as management believes the end-users of Work Truck Attachments products prefer to wait until the beginning of a snow season to purchase new equipment and as the Company’s distributors sell off Work Truck Attachments inventory and wait for the pre-season sales incentive period to re-stock inventory. Fourth quarter sales vary from year-to-year as they are primarily driven by the level, timing and location of snowfall during the quarter. This is because most of the Company’s Work Truck Attachments fourth quarter sales and shipments consist of re-orders by distributors seeking to restock inventory to meet immediate customer needs caused by snowfall during the winter months. In addition, due to the factors noted above, Work Truck Attachments working capital needs are highest in the second and third quarters as its accounts

7

receivable rise from pre-season sales. These working capital needs decline in the fourth quarter as the Company receives payments for its pre-season shipments.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11 Leases: Targeted Improvements which allows entities to apply the new lease standard at the adoption date, rather than at the earliest period presented. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases using a modified retrospective approach.

The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2019. The Company elected several available practical expedients, as discussed in Note 6, and implemented certain internal controls to ensure the accurate presentation of financial information on adoption.

The standard had a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not have an impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. There was no cumulative catch-up adjustment made to opening retained earnings. The most significant impact was the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases, while the accounting for finance leases (previously capital leases) remained substantially unchanged. As the Company elected to apply the standard at adoption as allowed under ASU No. 2018-11, there is no impact to previously reported results. The impact of this standard was the recognition of a lease liability and right-of-use asset of approximately $22.0 million, with immaterial differences related to prepaid rent, on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for lease contracts which were previously accounted for as operating leases. 

As allowed under ASC 842, the Company has adopted the following practical expedients:

· Practical expedient package, which allows the following: 

o To not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts is or contains a lease.

o To not reassess the lease classification of any expired or existing leases.

o To not reassess the initial direct costs for any existing lease.

· Short-term lease practical expedient

o Allows the Company not to apply the recognition requirements in ASC 842 to short term leases for all asset classes. Short term leases are leases that, at commencement date, have a term of 12 months or less and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise.

· Separating lease components practical expedient

o Allows the Company not to separate lease components from nonlease components for all asset classes and instead account for each separate lease component and the nonlease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component.

2.Revenue Recognition

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its segments. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding these segments.

8

Revenue Streams

The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Company generates all of its revenue from contracts with customers. Additionally, contract amounts represent the full amount of the transaction price as agreed upon with the customer at the time of order, resulting in a single performance obligation in all cases.

Work Truck Attachments

The Company recognizes revenue upon shipment of equipment to the customer. Within the Work Truck Attachments segment, the Company offers a variety of discounts and sales incentives to its distributors. The estimated liability for sales discounts and allowances is calculated using the expected value method and recorded at the time of sale as a reduction of net sales. The liability is estimated based on the costs of the program, the planned duration of the program and historical experience.

The Work Truck Attachments segment has two revenue streams, as identified below.

Independent Dealer Sales – Revenues from sales to independent dealers are recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s product, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon shipment. In these instances, each product is considered a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon shipment of the goods. Any shipping and handling activities performed by the Company after the transfer of control to the customer (e.g., when control transfers upon shipment) are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued for when the related revenue is recognized.

Parts & Accessory Sales – The Company’s equipment is used in harsh conditions and parts frequently wear out. These parts drive recurring revenues through parts and accessory sales. The process for recording parts and accessory sales is consistent with the independent dealer sales noted above.

Work Truck Solutions

The Work Truck Solutions segment primarily participates in the truck and vehicle upfitting industry in the United States. Customers are billed separately for the truck chassis by the chassis manufacturer.  The Company only records sales for the amount of the upfit, excluding the truck chassis.   Generally, the Company obtains the truck chassis from the truck chassis manufacturer through either its floor plan agreement with a financial institution or bailment pool agreement with the truck chassis manufacturer. Additionally, in some instances the Company upfits chassis which are owned by the end customer.  For truck chassis acquired through the floor plan agreement, the Company holds title to the vehicle from the time the chassis is received by the Company until the completion of the up-fit.  Under the bailment pool agreement, the Company does not take title to the truck chassis, but rather only holds the truck chassis on consignment.   The Company pays interest on both of these arrangements.  The Company records revenue in the same manner net of the value of the truck chassis in both the Company’s floor plan and bailment pool agreements. The Company does not set the price for the truck chassis, is not responsible for the billing of the chassis and does not have inventory risk in either the bailment pool or floor plan agreements. The Work Truck Solutions segment also has manufacturing operations of municipal snow and ice control equipment, where revenue is recognized upon shipment of equipment to the customer.

Revenues from the sales of the Work Truck Solutions products are recognized net of the truck chassis with the selling price to the customer recorded as sales and the manufacturing and up-fit cost of the product recorded as cost of sales. In these cases, the Company acts as an agent as it does not have inventory or pricing control over the truck chassis.  Within the Work Truck Solutions segment, the Company also sells certain third-party products for which it acts as an agent.  These sales do not meet the criteria for gross sales recognition, and thus are recognized on a net basis at the time of sale. Under net sales recognition, the cost paid to the third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to sales, resulting in net sales being equal to the gross profit on the transaction.

9

The Work Truck Solutions segment has four revenue streams, as identified below.

State and Local Bids – The Company records revenue of separately sold snow and ice equipment upon shipment and fully upfit vehicles upon delivery.  The state and local bid process does not obligate the entity to buy any products from the Company, but merely allows the entity to purchase products in the future typically for a fixed period of time. The entity commits to actually purchasing products from the Company when it issues purchase orders off of a previously awarded bid, which lists out actual quantities of equipment being ordered and the delivery terms. On upfit transactions, the Company is providing a significant service by assembling and integrating the individual products onto the customer’s truck. Each individual product and installation activity is highly interdependent and highly interrelated, and therefore the Company considers the manufacture and upfit of a truck a single performance obligation. Any shipping and handling activities performed by the Company after the transfer of control to the Customer (e.g., when control transfers upon shipment) are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued for when the related revenue is recognized.

Fleet Upfit Sales – The Company enters into contracts with certain fleet customers. Fleet agreements create enforceable rights without the issuance of a purchase order. Typically, these agreements outline the terms of sale, payment terms, standard pricing, and the rights of the customer and seller. Fleet sales are performed on both customer owned vehicles as well as non-customer owned vehicles.  For non-customer owned vehicles, revenue is recognized at a point in time upon delivery of the truck to the customer. For customer-owned vehicles, per Topic 606, revenue is recognized over time based on a cost input method. The Company accumulates costs incurred on partially completed customer-owned upfits based on estimated margin and completion. This change to over time recognition for customer owned vehicles increased revenue by $145 and $294 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Dealer Upfit Sales – The Company upfits work trucks for independent dealer customers. Dealer upfit revenue is recorded upon delivery. The customer does not own the vehicles during the upfit process, and as such revenue is recorded at a point in time upon delivery to the customer.

Over the Counter / Parts & Accessory Sales – Work Truck Solutions part and accessory sales are recorded as revenue upon shipment. Additionally, customers can purchase parts at any of the Company’s showrooms.  In these instances, each product is considered a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon shipment of the goods or customer pick up.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by customer type and timing of revenue recognition, and includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with reportable segments.

Revenue by customer type was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Independent dealer	$ 25,817	$ 33,043	$ 58,860
Government	-	15,529	$ 15,529
Fleet	-	14,952	$ 14,952
Other	-	3,846	$ 3,846
Total revenue	$ 25,817	$ 67,370	$ 93,187
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Independent dealer	$ 24,596	$ 26,725	$ 51,321
Government	-	13,821	$ 13,821
Fleet	-	14,352	$ 14,352
Other	-	4,470	$ 4,470
Total revenue	$ 24,596	$ 59,368	$ 83,964

10

Revenue by timing of revenue recognition was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Point in time	$ 25,817	$ 42,023	$ 67,840
Over time	-	25,347	$ 25,347
Total revenue	$ 25,817	$ 67,370	$ 93,187
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Point in time	$ 24,596	$ 36,031	$ 60,627
Over time	-	23,337	$ 23,337
Total revenue	$ 24,596	$ 59,368	$ 83,964

Contract Balances

The following table shows the changes in the Company’s contract liabilities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019		Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions		Balance at End of Period
Contract liabilities	$	2,006	$	2,335	$	(2,041)	$	2,300
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018		Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions		Balance at End of Period
Contract liabilities	$	2,048	$	1,819	$	(1,648)	$	2,219

The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules. Contract assets include amounts related to our contractual right to consideration for completed performance objectives not yet invoiced. There were no contract assets as of March 31, 2019. Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, variable freight allowances which are refunded to the customer, and rebates paid to distributors under our municipal rebate program, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract.

The Company recognized revenue of $372 and $279 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which was included in contract liabilities at the beginning of each period.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

Topic 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of March 31, 2019. The guidance provides certain optional exemptions that limit this requirement. The Company has various contracts that meet the following optional exemptions provided by ASC 606:

1. The performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

11

2. Revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of the performance obligations in the amount billable to the customer in accordance with ASC 606-10-55-18.

3. The variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met.

After considering the above optional exemptions, the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period is immaterial. Specifically, all obligations are expected to be less than one year, revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of the performance obligations and variable consideration is allocated entirely to wholly unsatisfied performance obligations.

3.Fair Value

Fair value is the price at which an asset could be exchanged in a current transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties. A liability’s fair value is defined as the amount that would be paid to transfer the liability to a new obligor, not the amount that would be paid to settle the liability with the creditor.  Fair value measurements are categorized into one of three levels based on the lowest level of significant input used: Level 1 (unadjusted quoted prices in active markets); Level 2 (observable market inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1); and Level 3 (unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data).

The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and discloses the fair value of long-term debt:

	Fair Value at		Fair Value at
	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets:
Other long-term assets (a)	$	6,623	$	5,064
Total Assets	$	6,623	$	5,064
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps (b)	$	3,484	$	2,031
Long-term debt (c)		248,012		269,739
Earnout - Henderson (d)		44		352
Earnout - Dejana (e)		2,200		2,200
Total Liabilities	$	253,740	$	274,322

(a)  Included in other assets is the cash surrender value of insurance policies on various individuals that are associated with the Company. The carrying amount of these insurance policies approximates their fair value and is considered Level 2 inputs.  

(b) Valuation models are calibrated to initial trade price. Subsequent valuations are based on observable inputs to the valuation model (e.g. interest rates and credit spreads). Model inputs are changed only when corroborated by market data. A credit risk adjustment is made on each swap using observable market credit spreads. Thus, inputs used to determine fair value of the interest rate swap are Level 2 inputs.  Interest rate swaps of $379 and $3,105 at March 31, 2019 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively.  Interest rate swaps of $127 and $1,904 at December 31, 2018 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively.

12

(c)  The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, including current maturities, is estimated using discounted cash flows based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements, which is a Level 2 input for all periods presented. Meanwhile, long-term debt is recorded at carrying amount, net of discount and deferred debt issuance costs, as disclosed on the face of the balance sheet.

(d) Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the amount of $44 at March 31, 2019 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson Enterprise Group, Inc. (“Henderson”).   Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in the amounts of $33 and $442, respectively, at March 31, 2018 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson. Fair value is based upon Level 3 discounted cash flow analysis using key inputs of forecasted future sales as well as a growth rate reduced by the market required rate of return. See reconciliation of liability included below:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	352	$	529
Adjustments to fair value		(217)		—
Payment to former owners		(91)		(54)
Ending balance	$	44	$	475

(e) Included in Other long-term liabilities in the amount of $2,200 at March 31, 2019 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, Inc. and certain entities directly or indirectly owned by the Peter Paul Dejana Family Trust dated 12/31/98 (“Dejana”). Included in Other long-term liabilities in the amount of $3,100 at March 31, 2018 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of Dejana.  Fair value is based upon Level 3 inputs of a real options approach where gross sales were simulated in a risk-neutral framework using Geometric Brownian Motion, a well-accepted model of stock price behavior that is used in option pricing models such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model, using key inputs of forecasted future sales and financial performance as well as a risk adjusted expected growth rate adjusted appropriately based on its correlation with the market.  See reconciliation of liability included below:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	2,200	$	3,100
Adjustments to fair value		—		—
Payment to former owners		—		—
Ending balance	$	2,200	$	3,100

13

4.Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Finished goods	$	69,623	$	43,192
Work-in-process		8,021		7,357
Raw material and supplies		33,581		31,447
	$	111,225	$	81,996

The inventories in the table above do not include truck chassis inventory financed through a floor plan financing agreement, which are recorded separately on the balance sheet. The Company takes title to truck chassis upon receipt of the inventory through its floor plan agreement and performs up-fitting service installations to the truck chassis inventory during the installation period.  The floor plan obligation is then assumed by the dealer customer upon delivery.  At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had $7,382 and $4,204 of chassis inventory and related floor plan financing obligation, respectively.  The Company recognizes revenue associated with up-fitting and service installations net of the truck chassis.

5.Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Land	$	2,378	$	2,378
Land improvements		4,450		4,357
Leasehold improvements		4,087		4,079
Buildings		28,616		28,238
Machinery and equipment		50,703		50,129
Furniture and fixtures		16,457		16,360
Mobile equipment and other		4,883		4,883
Construction-in-process		2,545		3,084
Total property, plant and equipment		114,119		113,508
Less accumulated depreciation		(60,302)		(58,313)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	53,817	$	55,195

6.Leases

The Company has operating leases for manufacturing and upfit facilities, land and parking lots, warehousing space and certain equipment. The leases have remaining lease terms of less than one year to 17 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 years. Such renewal options were not included in the determination of the lease term unless deemed reasonably certain of exercise. The discount rate used in measuring the lease liabilities is based on the Company’s interest rate on its secured Term Loan Credit Agreement. Certain of the Company’s leases contain escalating rental payments based on an index. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

14

Lease Expense

The components of lease expense, which are included in Cost of sales and Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss, were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019
Operating lease expense	$ 1,132
Short term lease cost	$ 100
Total lease cost	$ 1,232

Cash Flow

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement  of operating lease liabilities	$ 765
Non-cash lease expense - right-of-use assets	$ 785
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$ 56

Balance Sheet

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows: 

	March 31, 2019
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 21,537
Other current liabilities	3,335
Operating lease liabilities	18,222
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 21,557
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases	87	months
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases	5.35%

15

Lease Maturities

Maturities of leases were as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)	$ 3,288
2020	3,936
2021	3,657
2022	3,267
2023	2,879
Thereafter	8,617
Total Lease Payments	25,644
Less: imputed interest	(4,087)
Total	$ 21,557

Related party leases

The Company entered into lease agreements at the time of the close of the Dejana acquisition with parties that are affiliated with the former owners of Dejana and are still employed at Dejana post - acquisition.  The related parties continue to own land and buildings where Dejana conducts business.  As of March 31, 2019, the Company had 9 operating leases at Dejana upfitting and manufacturing facilities with related party affiliates. The Company incurred $534 of total rent expense to related parties in the three months ended March 31, 2019.  As the Company makes monthly payments to the related parties, there are no amounts owed to the related parties at March 31, 2019.

ASC 840 Disclosure

As required in transition, the below summarizes the Company’s future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2018 under ASC 840:

		Related Party Leases		Third Party Leases		Total Leases
2019	$	2,250	$	2,009	$	4,259
2020		2,250		1,654		3,904
2021		2,250		1,364		3,614
2022		2,250		949		3,199
2023		2,130		574		2,704
Thereafter		4,410		1,500		5,910
Total lease obligations	$	15,540	$	8,050	$	23,590

16

7. Other Intangible Assets

The following is a summary of the Company’s other intangible assets:

		Gross	Less		Net
		Carrying	Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount	Amortization		Amount
March 31,  2019
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trademark and tradenames	$	77,600	$	-	$	77,600
Amortizable intangibles:
Dealer network		80,000		60,000		20,000
Customer relationships		80,920		17,935		62,985
Patents		21,136		12,288		8,848
Noncompete agreements		8,640		7,952		688
Trademarks		5,459		3,643		1,816
Backlog		1,900		1,900		-
License		20		20		-
Amortizable intangibles, net		198,075		103,738		94,337
Total	$	275,675	$	103,738	$	171,937
		Gross	Less		Net
		Carrying	Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount	Amortization		Amount
December 31, 2018
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trademark and tradenames	$	77,600	$	-	$	77,600
Amortizable intangibles:
Dealer network		80,000		59,000		21,000
Customer relationships		80,920		16,607		64,313
Patents		21,136		11,974		9,162
Noncompete agreements		8,640		7,877		763
Trademarks		5,459		3,619		1,840
Backlog		1,900		1,900		-
License		20		20		-
Amortizable intangibles, net		198,075		100,997		97,078
Total	$	275,675	$	100,997	$	174,678

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $2,741 and $2,871 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the remainder of 2019 and each of the succeeding five years is as follows:

2019	$	8,216
2020		10,932
2021		10,670
2022		10,520
2023		10,520
2024		7,520

6.

17

8.Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt is summarized below:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Term Loan, net of debt discount of $1,074 and $1,172 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	$	247,394	$	278,081
Less current maturities		2,749		32,749
Long-term debt before deferred financing costs		244,645		245,332
Deferred financing costs, net		2,180		2,386
Long-term debt, net	$	242,465	$	242,946

At March 31, 2019, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan Credit Agreement of $247,394, outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Agreement of $16,000, and remaining borrowing availability of $54,645.  At December 31, 2018, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan Credit Agreement of $278,081,  no outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Agreement and remaining borrowing availability of $94,631. 

In accordance with the senior credit facilities, the Company is required to make additional principal prepayments over the above scheduled payments under certain conditions. This includes, in the case of the term loan facility, 100% of the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales, certain insurance or condemnation events, certain debt issuances, and, within 150 days of the end of each fiscal year, 50% of consolidated excess cash flow including a deduction for certain distributions (which percentage is reduced to 0% upon the achievement of certain leverage ratio thresholds), for such fiscal year. Consolidated excess cash flow is defined in the senior credit facilities as consolidated adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) plus a consolidated working capital adjustment, less the sum of repayments of debt and capital expenditures (subject to certain adjustments), interest and taxes paid in cash, management fees and certain restricted payments (including certain dividends or distributions). Consolidated working capital adjustment is defined in the senior credit facilities as the change in working capital, defined as current assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents, less current liabilities, excluding the current portion of long-term debt.  As of March 31, 2019, the Company was not required to make additional excess cash flow payments during fiscal 2019. The Company made a voluntary payment of $30,000 on its debt on February 13, 2019.

The Company entered into interest rate swap agreements on February 20, 2015 to reduce its exposure to interest rate volatility.  The three interest rate swap agreements have notional amounts of $45,000,  $90,000 and $135,000 effective for the periods December 31, 2015 through March 29, 2018, March 29, 2018 through March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020 through June 30, 2021, respectively.  On February 5, 2018, the Company entered into additional interest rate swap agreements to reduce its exposure to interest rate volatility. The two interest rate swap agreements have notional amounts of $50,000 and $150,000 effective for the periods December 31, 2018 through June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2021 through December 10, 2021, respectively. The interest rates swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges. The Company may have counterparty credit risk resulting from the interest rate swap, which it monitors on an on-going basis. This risk lies with one global financial institution. Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of December 31, 2015, the Company either received or made payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 1.860% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of March 29, 2018, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.670% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of March 31, 2020, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.918% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement effective as of December 31, 2018, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.613% and LIBOR. Under the interest rate swap agreement effective as of June 30, 2021, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.793% and LIBOR. The interest rate swaps’ negative fair value at March 31, 2019 was $3,484, of which $379 and $3,105 are

18

included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, respectively.  The interest rate swaps’ negative fair value at December 31, 2018 was $2,031, of which $127 and $1,904 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, respectively. 

9.Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities are summarized as follows:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Payroll and related costs	$	5,468	$	9,607
Employee benefits		5,340		5,281
Accrued warranty		3,140		3,662
Other		4,462		4,756
	$	18,410	$	23,306

10.Warranty Liability

The Company accrues for estimated warranty costs as sales are recognized and periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amount as necessary. The Company’s warranties generally provide, with respect to its snow and ice control equipment, that all material and workmanship will be free from defect for a period of two years after the date of purchase by the end-user, and with respect to its parts and accessories purchased separately, that such parts and accessories will be free from defect for a period of one year after the date of purchase by the end-user.  All of the Company’s warranties are assurance-type warranties. Certain snowplows only provide for a one year warranty.  The Company determines the amount of the estimated warranty costs (and its corresponding warranty reserve) based on the Company’s prior five years of warranty history utilizing a formula driven by historical warranty expense and applying management’s judgment.  The Company adjusts its historical warranty costs to take into account unique factors such as the introduction of new products into the marketplace that do not provide a historical warranty record to assess. The warranty reserve was $5,091 at March 31, 2019, of which $1,951 is included in Other long-term liabilities and $3,140 is included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The warranty reserve was $6,174 at December 31, 2018, of which $2,512 is included in Other long-term liabilities and $3,662 is included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

The following is a rollforward of the Company’s warranty liability:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	6,174	$	5,677
Warranty provision		561		662
Claims paid/settlements		(1,644)		(1,709)
Balance at the end of the period	$	5,091	$	4,630

19

11.Employee Retirement Plans

The components of net periodic pension cost consist of the following:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Component of net periodic pension cost:
Service cost	$	-	$	102
Interest cost		410		389
Expected return on plan assets		(294)		(475)
Amortization of net loss		149		176
Net periodic pension cost	$	265	$	192

The Company estimates its total required minimum contributions to its pension plans in 2019 will be $0.  Through March 31, 2019, the Company has made $0 of cash contributions to the pension plans versus $14 through the same period in 2018.

Components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost consist of the following:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Component of periodic other postretirement benefit cost:
Service cost	$	37	$	47
Interest cost		63		58
Amortization of net gain		(78)		(52)
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	22	$	53

Service cost is included in Income from operations on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost are included in Other expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

12.Loss per Share

Basic loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares, using the two-class method.  As the Company has granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that both participate in dividend equivalents and do not participate in dividend equivalents, the Company has calculated loss per share pursuant to the two-class method, which is a loss allocation formula that determines loss per share for common stock and participating securities according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed losses. Under this method, all losses (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common shares and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders as adjusted for the effect of dilutive non-participating securities, by the weighted average number of common stock and dilutive common stock outstanding during the period.  Potential common shares in the diluted net loss per share computation are excluded to

20

the extent that they would be anti-dilutive. Weighted average of potentially dilutive non-participating RSU’s were 31,389 and 11,716 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Basic loss per common share
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities		(4)		(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$	(293)	$	(1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		22,729,084		22,623,518
	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)
Loss per common share assuming dilution
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities		(4)		(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$	(293)	$	(1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		22,729,084		22,623,518
Incremental shares applicable to non-participating RSUs		-		-
Weighted average common shares assuming dilution		22,729,084		22,623,518
	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)

13.Employee Stock Plans

2010 Stock Incentive Plan

In May 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”).  The Company’s Board of Directors approved an amendment and restatement of the 2010 Plan on March 5, 2014, contingent on stockholder approval of the performance goals under the 2010 Plan, and the amendment and restatement became effective upon stockholder approval of the performance goals at the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders held on April 30, 2014.  The 2010 Plan provides for the issuance of nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units (“RSUs”), any of which may be performance-based, and for incentive bonuses, which may be paid in cash or stock or a combination of both, to eligible employees, officers, non-employee directors and other service providers to the Company and its subsidiaries.  A maximum of 2,130,000 shares of common stock may be issued pursuant to all awards under the 2010 Plan.

Equity awards issued to management include a retirement provision under which members of management who either (1) are age 65 or older or (2) have at least ten years of service and are at least age 55 will continue to vest in unvested equity awards upon retirement. The retirement provision also stipulates that the employee remain employed by the Company for six months after the first day of the fiscal year of the grant.  As the retirement provision does not qualify as a substantive service condition, the Company incurred $343 and $742 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in additional expense for employees who meet the thresholds of the retirement provision. In 2013, the Company’s nominating and governance committee approved a retirement provision for the RSUs issued to non-employee directors that accelerates the vesting of such awards upon retirement.  Such awards are fully expensed immediately upon grant in accordance with ASC 718, as the retirement provision eliminates substantive service conditions associated with the awards.

Performance Share Unit Awards

The Company granted performance share units as performance-based awards under the 2010 Plan in the first quarters of 2019 and 2018 that are subject to performance conditions over a three year performance period beginning in the year of the grant. Upon meeting the prescribed performance conditions, employees will be issued shares which vest immediately at the end of the measurement period. For performance share grants in prior years, upon meeting the prescribed performance conditions, in the first quarter of the year subsequent to grant, employees were issued RSUs, a portion of which is subject to vesting over the two years following the end of the performance period.  In accordance

21

with ASC 718, such awards are being expensed over the vesting period from the date of grant through the requisite service period, based upon the most probable outcome.  The fair value per share of the awards is the closing stock price on the date of grant, which was $36.48. The Company recognized $294 and $491 of compensation expense related to the awards in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense calculated under the fair value method for shares that were, as of March 31, 2019, expected to be earned through the requisite service period was approximately $1,729 and is expected to be recognized through 2022.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards

RSUs are granted to both non-employee directors and management.  RSUs do not carry voting rights.  While all non-employee director RSUs participate in dividend equivalents, there are two classes of management RSUs, one that participates in dividend equivalents, and a second that does not participate in dividend equivalents.  Each RSU represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock and is subject to time-based vesting restrictions. Participants are not required to pay any consideration to the Company at either the time of grant of a RSU or upon vesting.

A summary of RSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 is as follows:

				Weighted
		Weighted		Average
		Average		Remaining
		Grant Date		Contractual
	Shares	Fair value		Term
Unvested at December 31, 2018	45,599	$	33.28	1.32	years
Granted	47,360	$	36.48	1.14	years
Vested	(35,113)	$	32.64
Cancelled and forfeited	-	$	-
Unvested at March 31, 2019	57,846	$	36.46	1.47	years
Expected to vest in the future at March 31, 2019	57,846	$	36.46	1.47	years

The Company recognized $760 and $929 of compensation expense related to the RSU awards in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense, calculated under the fair value method for shares that were, as of March 31, 2019, expected to be earned through the requisite service period was approximately $1,808 and is expected to be recognized through 2022.

For 2019 grants to non-employee directors, vesting occurs as of the grant date. Vested director RSUs are ‘‘settled’’ by the delivery to the participant or a designated brokerage firm of one share of common stock per vested RSU as soon as reasonably practicable following a termination of service of the participant that constitutes a separation from service, and in all events no later than the end of the calendar year in which such termination of service occurs or, if later, two and one-half months after such termination of service.  Vested management RSUs are “settled” by the delivery to the participant or a designated brokerage firm of one share of common stock per vested RSU as soon as reasonably practicable following vesting.

14.Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is engaged in various litigation including product liability and intellectual property disputes.  However, the Company does not believe that any pending litigation will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position.  In addition, the Company is not currently a party to any environmental-related claims or legal matters.

22

15.         Segments

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its business segments to reflect a new operating structure as a result of a change in how the Company’s chief operating decision maker allocates resources, makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. Under this revised reporting structure, the Company’s two reportable business segments are as follows: 

Work Truck Attachments.  The Work Truck Attachments segment includes commercial snow and ice management attachments sold under the FISHER®, WESTERN® and SNOWEX® brands.  This segment consists of our operations that manufacture and sell snow and ice control products.

Work Truck Solutions. The Work Truck Solutions segment includes manufactured municipal snow and ice control products under the HENDERSON® brand and the up-fit of market leading attachments and storage solutions under the HENDERSON® brand, and the DEJANA® brand and its related sub-brands.

Separate financial information is available for the two operating segments. In addition, segment results now include an allocation of all corporate costs to Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions. Prior period segment information has been recast to align with this change in reporting structure and to reflect an allocation of corporate costs.

23

Segment performance is evaluated based on segment net sales and Adjusted EBITDA. Segment results include an allocation of all corporate costs. No single customer’s revenues amounted to 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue. Sales are primarily within the United States and substantially all assets are located within the United States.

Historically, sales from Work Truck Attachments to Work Truck Solutions were recorded at third party pricing. In 2019, sales between Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions reflect the Company’s intercompany pricing policy. The following table shows summarized financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
		2019		2018
Net sales
Work Truck Attachments	$	25,817	$	24,596
Work Truck Solutions		67,370		59,368
	$	93,187	$	83,964
Adjusted EBITDA
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,284	$	4,385
Work Truck Solutions		6,735		2,703
	$	9,019	$	7,088
Depreciation and amortization expense
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,538	$	2,340
Work Truck Solutions		2,270		2,361
	$	4,808	$	4,701
Assets
Work Truck Attachments	$	330,731	$	327,780
Work Truck Solutions		345,288		312,859
	$	676,019	$	640,639
Capital Expenditures
Work Truck Attachments	$	611	$	649
Work Truck Solutions		77		133
	$	688	$	782

All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

16.Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax benefit was (60.9%) and (40.2%) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was higher when compared to the same period in 2018 due to a discrete tax benefit related to excess tax benefits from stock compensation of $312 and $530 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.  The largest item affecting deferred taxes is the difference between book and tax amortization of goodwill and other intangibles amortization.

24

17.Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component

Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:

	Unrealized
	Net Loss			Retiree
	on Interest			Health
	Rate			Benefit	Pension
	Swap			Obligation	Obligation		Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(1,530)	$	2,118	$	(6,637)	$	(6,049)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(1,111)		—		—		(1,111)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss: (1)		36		(58)		110		89
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(2,605)	$	2,060	$	(6,527)	$	(7,071)
(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amortization of Other Postretirement Benefit items:
Actuarial gains (a)		(78)
Tax expense		20
Reclassification net of tax	$	(58)
Amortization of pension items:
Actuarial losses (a)		149
Tax benefit		(39)
Reclassification net of tax	$	110
Realized losses on interest rate swaps reclassified to interest expense		49
Tax benefit		(13)
Reclassification net of tax	$	36
(a) These components are included in the computation of benefit plan costs in Note 11.

25

Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are as follows:

	Unrealized
	Net Loss			Retiree
	on Interest			Health
	Rate			Benefit	Pension
	Swap			Obligation	Obligation		Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	(1,328)	$	1,392	$	(6,636)	$	(6,572)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications		711		-		-		711
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss: (1)		21		(38)		130		113
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	(596)	$	1,354	$	(6,506)	$	(5,748)
(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amortization of Other Postretirement Benefit items:
Actuarial gains (a)		(52)
Tax expense		14
Reclassification net of tax	$	(38)
Amortization of pension items:
Actuarial losses (a)		176
Tax benefit		(46)
Reclassification net of tax	$	130
Realized losses on interest rate swaps reclassified to interest expense		29
Tax benefit		(8)
Reclassification net of tax	$	21

(a) These components are included in the computation of benefit plan costs in Note 11.

26

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes which are included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the information contained in our Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-34728) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context indicates otherwise: “Douglas Dynamics,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer to Douglas Dynamics, Inc.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).  These statements include information relating to future events, product demand, the payment of dividends, future financial performance, strategies, expectations, competitive environment, regulation and availability of financial resources.  These statements are often identified by use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “continue,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “predict,” “will” and similar expressions and include references to assumptions and relate to our future prospects, developments and business strategies.  Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.  Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to: (i) weather conditions, particularly lack of or reduced levels of snowfall and the timing of such snowfall; (ii) our inability to maintain good relationships with our distributors; (iii) our inability to maintain good relationships with the original equipment manufacturers with whom we currently do significant business; (iv) lack of available or favorable financing options for our end-users, distributors or customers; (v) the potential that we may be required to recognize goodwill impairment attributable to our Work Truck Solutions segment,  (vi) increases in the price of steel or other materials (including as a result of tariffs) necessary for the production of our products that cannot be passed on to our distributors; (vii) increases in the price of fuel or freight; (viii) a significant decline in economic conditions; (ix) the inability of our suppliers and original equipment manufacturer partners to meet our volume or quality requirements; (x) inaccuracies in our estimates of future demand for our products; (xi) our inability to protect or continue to build our intellectual property portfolio; (xii) the effects of laws and regulations and their interpretations on our business and financial condition; (xiii) our inability to develop new products or improve upon existing products in response to end-user needs; (xiv) losses due to lawsuits arising out of personal injuries associated with our products; (xv) factors that could impact the future declaration and payment of dividends; (xvi) our inability to compete effectively against competition; and (xvii) our inability to achieve the projected financial performance with the assets of Dejana, which we acquired in 2016 or the assets of Arrowhead Equipment, Inc., which we acquired in 2017 and unexpected costs or liabilities related to such acquisitions, as well as those discussed in the sections entitled “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if any, or in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.  In addition, the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation, except as required by law, to update or release any revisions to any forward-looking statement, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Results of Operations

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its business segments to reflect a new operating structure as a result of a change in how the Company’s chief operating decision maker allocates resources, makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. The changes in the Company’s reporting structure consist of revenues and costs from the Company’s municipal snow and ice offering under the Henderson Products brand moving from the Work Truck Attachments segment to the Work Truck Solutions segment. Under this revised reporting structure, the Company’s two reportable business segments are as follows: 

Work Truck Attachments.  The Work Truck Attachments segment includes commercial snow and ice management attachments sold under the FISHER®, WESTERN® and SNOWEX® brands.  This segment

27

consists of our operations that manufacture and sell snow and ice control products. As described under “Seasonality and Year-To Year Variability,” the Work Truck Attachments Segment is seasonal and, as a result, its results of operations can vary from quarter-to-quarter and from year-to-year.

Work Truck Solutions. The Work Truck Solutions segment includes manufactured municipal snow and ice control products under the HENDERSON® brand and the up-fit of market leading attachments and storage solutions under the HENDERSON® brand, and the DEJANA® brand and its related sub-brands.

In addition, segment results now include an allocation of all corporate costs to Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions. Prior period segment information has been recast to align with this change in reporting structure and to reflect an allocation of corporate costs.

Overview

The following table sets forth, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the consolidated statements of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.  All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  In the table below and throughout this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” consolidated statements of operations data for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 have been derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements.  The information contained in the table below should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(unaudited)
	(in thousands)
Net sales	$	93,187	$	83,964
Cost of sales		70,241		63,937
Gross profit		22,946		20,027
Selling, general, and administrative expense		16,644		16,146
Intangibles amortization		2,741		2,871
Income from operations		3,561		1,010
Interest expense, net		(4,150)		(3,945)
Other expense, net		(171)		(203)
Loss before taxes		(760)		(3,138)
Income tax benefit		(463)		(1,262)
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)

28

The following table sets forth for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the percentage of certain items in our condensed consolidated statement of operations, relative to net sales:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(unaudited)
Net sales	100.0	%	100.0	%
Cost of sales	75.4	%	76.1	%
Gross profit	24.6	%	23.9	%
Selling, general, and administrative expense	17.9	%	19.2	%
Intangibles amortization	2.9	%	3.5	%
Income from operations	3.8	%	1.2	%
Interest expense, net	(4.5)	%	(4.7)	%
Other expense, net	-	%	(0.2)	%
Loss before taxes	(0.7)	%	(3.7)	%
Income tax benefit	(0.6)	%	(1.5)	%
Net loss	(0.1)	%	(2.2)	%

Net Sales

Net sales were $93.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $84.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $9.2 million, or 11.0%. Sales increased for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the same period in the prior year due to the timing and location of snowfall during the quarter and overall increased demand. See below for a discussion of net sales for each of our segments.

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
		2019		2018
Net sales
Work Truck Attachments	$	25,817	$	24,596
Work Truck Solutions		67,370		59,368
	$	93,187	$	83,964

Net sales at our Work Truck Attachments segment were $25.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $24.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $1.2 million primarily due to increased parts and accessories sales as a result of strong snowfall during the quarter and higher pricing. 

Net sales at our Work Truck Solutions segment were $67.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $59.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $8.0 million due primarily to increased demand and higher pricing, as well as improved chassis availability compared to the same quarter last year.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales was $70.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $63.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $6.3 million, or 10.0%. The increase in cost of sales was driven by increased sales as discussed above under “—Net Sales”. Cost of sales as a percentage of sales were 75.4% for the three month period ended March 31, 2019 compared to 76.1% for the three month period ended March 31, 2018. The decrease in cost of sales as a percentage of sales is due to increased volumes and improved operating execution.

29

Gross Profit

Gross profit was $22.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $20.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $2.9 million, or 14.5%. The change in gross profit is attributable to the changes in sales as discussed above under “—Net Sales.”  As a percentage of net sales, gross profit changed from 23.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2018 to 24.6% for the corresponding period in 2019.  The reasons for the changes in gross profit as a percentage of net sales are the same as those relating to the changes in cost of sales as a percentage of sales discussed above under “—Cost of Sales.”

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

Selling, general and administrative expenses, including intangibles amortization, were $19.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to $19.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $0.4 million, or 2.1%.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $4.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, which was higher than the $3.9 million incurred in the same period in the prior year. The increase in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was due to increased interest payments as a result of a less favorable variable rate during the quarter.

Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax benefit was (60.9%) and (40.2%) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase in tax benefit of 20.7 percentage points. The effective tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was higher when compared to the same period in 2018 due to a discrete tax benefit related to excess tax benefits from stock compensation of $0.3 million and $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.  The largest item affecting deferred taxes is the difference between book and tax amortization of goodwill and other intangibles amortization.

Net Loss

Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was ($0.3) million, compared to net loss of ($1.9) million for the corresponding period in 2018, a decrease in net loss of $1.6 million. The decrease in net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was driven by the factors described above under “— Net Sales,” “—Cost of Sales,” “— Selling, General and Administrative Expense,” and “— Income Taxes.”  As a percentage of net sales, net loss was (0.1%) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to (2.2%) for the three months ended March 31, 2018. 

Discussion of Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies previously disclosed in our Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-34728) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation — Critical Accounting Policies.” 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of cash have been, and we expect will continue to be, cash from operations and borrowings under our senior credit facilities.

30

Our primary uses of cash are to provide working capital, meet debt service requirements, finance capital expenditures, pay dividends under our dividend policy and support our growth, including through potential acquisitions, and for other general corporate purposes. For a description of the seasonality of our working capital rates see “—Seasonality and Year‑To‑Year Variability.”

Our Board of Directors has adopted a dividend policy that reflects an intention to distribute to our stockholders a regular quarterly cash dividend. The declaration and payment of these dividends to holders of our common stock is at the discretion of our Board of Directors and depends upon many factors, including our financial condition and earnings, legal requirements, taxes and other factors our Board of Directors may deem to be relevant. The terms of our indebtedness may also restrict us from paying cash dividends on our common stock under certain circumstances. As a result of this dividend policy, we may not have significant cash available to meet any large unanticipated liquidity requirements. As a result, we may not retain a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations or to finance unanticipated capital expenditures or growth opportunities, including acquisitions. Our Board of Directors may, however, amend, revoke or suspend our dividend policy at any time and for any reason.

As of March 31, 2019, we had $54.9 million of total liquidity, comprised of $0.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and borrowing availability of $54.6 million under our revolving credit facility, compared with total liquidity as of December 31, 2018 of approximately $122.4 million, comprised of approximately $27.8 million in cash and cash equivalents and borrowing availability of approximately $94.6 million under our revolving credit facility. The decrease in our total liquidity from December 31, 2018 is primarily due to the seasonality of our business. Borrowing availability under our revolving credit facility is governed by a borrowing base, the calculation of which includes cash on hand. Accordingly, use of cash on hand may also result in a reduction in the amount available for borrowing under our revolving credit facility.  Furthermore, our revolving credit facility requires us to maintain at least $10.5 million of borrowing availability and 15% of the aggregate revolving commitments at the time of determination. We expect that cash on hand and cash we generate from operations, as well as available credit under our senior credit facilities, will provide adequate funds for the purposes described above for at least the next 12 months.

The following table shows our cash and cash equivalents and inventories in thousands at March 31, 2019, December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018.

	As of
	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018		2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	348	$	27,820	$	12,937
Inventories		111,225		81,996		94,924

We had cash and cash equivalents of $0.3 million at March 31, 2019 compared to cash and cash equivalents of $27.8 million and $12.9 million at December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively.  The table below sets forth a summary of the significant sources and uses of cash for the periods presented in thousands.

31

	Three Months Ended
		March 31,		March 31,			%
Cash Flows (in thousands)		2019		2018		Change	Change
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(5,577)	$	14,275	$	(19,852)	(139.1)	%
Net cash used in investing activities		(769)		(1,307)		538	(41.2)	%
Net cash used in financing activities		(21,126)		(36,906)		15,780	(42.8)	%
Decrease in cash	$	(27,472)	$	(23,938)	$	(3,534)	(14.8)	%

Net cash used in operating activities increased $19.9 million from the three months ended March 31, 2018 to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in cash used in operating activities was due to unfavorable changes in working capital of $20.1 million, slightly offset by a $0.2 million increase in net loss adjusted for reconciling items.  The largest unfavorable changes in working capital were driven by unfavorable changes in cash used by accounts receivable from higher sales in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018 and inventories due to the build-up of inventory in anticipation of tariffs raising prices.

Net cash used in investing activities decreased $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the corresponding period in 2018 due a decrease in capital expenditures.

Net cash used in financing activities increased $15.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 as compared to the corresponding period in 2018. The increase was primarily a result of there being $16.0 million in outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility at March 31, 2019 compared to no short term borrowings at March 31, 2018.

Free Cash Flow

Free cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was ($6.3) million compared to $13.0 million in the corresponding period in 2018, a decrease of $19.3 million. The decrease in free cash flow is primarily a result of higher cash used in operating activities of $19.9 million, slightly offset by a decrease in capital expenditures of $0.5 million, as discussed above under “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”     

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains financial information calculated other than in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

These non-GAAP measures include:

· Free cash flow; and

· Adjusted EBITDA; and

· Adjusted net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share.

These non-GAAP disclosures should not be construed as an alternative to the reported results determined in accordance with GAAP.

Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure which we define as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities less capital expenditures.  Free cash flow should be evaluated in addition to, and not considered a substitute for, other financial measures such as net income and cash flow provided by operations.  We believe that free cash flow represents our ability to generate additional cash flow from our business operations.

32

The following table reconciles net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, a GAAP measure, to free cash flow, a non-GAAP measure.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(In Thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(5,577)	$	14,275
Acquisition of property and equipment		(769)		(1,307)
Free cash flow	$	(6,346)	$	12,968

Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as further adjusted for certain charges consisting of unrelated legal and consulting fees, stock-based compensation, severance, litigation proceeds, loss on disposal of fixed assets related to facility relocations and certain purchase accounting expenses. We use, and we believe our investors benefit from the presentation of, Adjusted EBITDA in evaluating our operating performance because it provides us and our investors with additional tools to compare our operating performance on a consistent basis by removing the impact of certain items that management believes do not directly reflect our core operations. In addition, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors and other external users of our consolidated financial statements in evaluating our operating performance as compared to that of other companies, because it allows them to measure a company’s operating performance without regard to items such as interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization, which can vary substantially from company to company depending upon accounting methods and book value of assets and liabilities, capital structure and the method by which assets were acquired. Our management also uses Adjusted EBITDA for planning purposes, including the preparation of our annual operating budget and financial projections. Management also uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate our ability to make certain payments, including dividends, in compliance with our senior credit facilities, which is determined based on a calculation of “Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA” that is substantially similar to Adjusted EBITDA.

Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool. As a result, you should not consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for net income, operating income, cash flow from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance with GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

· Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

· Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

· Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our indebtedness;

· Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;

· Other companies, including other companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure; and

· Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect tax obligations whether current or deferred.

33

The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted EBITDA as well as the resulting calculation of Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(in thousands)
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Interest expense, net		4,150		3,945
Income tax expense		(463)		(1,262)
Depreciation expense		2,067		1,830
Amortization		2,741		2,871
EBITDA		8,198		5,508
Stock-based compensation expense		1,054		1,420
Purchase accounting (1)		(217)		-
Other charges (2)		(16)		160
Adjusted EBITDA	$	9,019	$	7,088

(1) Reflects reversal of earn-out compensation acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson in the periods presented.

(2) Reflects one time, unrelated legal, severance and consulting fees for the periods presented.

The following table presents Adjusted EBITDA by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
		2019		2018
Adjusted EBITDA
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,284	$	4,385
Work Truck Solutions		6,735		2,703
	$	9,019	$	7,088

Adjusted EBITDA at our Work Truck Attachments segment was $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $4.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018, a decrease of $2.1 million primarily due to higher variable compensation and benefits, inflation, investments in the business as well as planned unfavorable pricing reductions on sales to Work Truck Solutions in the quarter ended March 31, 2019.  

Adjusted EBITDA at our Work Truck Solutions segment was $6.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $2.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018, an increase of $4.0 million due to higher volumes and planned favorable pricing reductions on purchases from Work Truck Attachments in the quarter ended March 31, 2019.

Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted Earnings (Loss) Per Share (calculated on a diluted basis) represents net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share (as defined by GAAP), excluding the impact of stock based compensation, severance, litigation proceeds, non-cash purchase accounting adjustments, loss on disposal of fixed assets related to facility relocations and certain charges related to certain unrelated legal fees and consulting fees, net of their income tax impact.  Management believes that Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted Earnings (Loss) Per Share are useful in assessing the Company’s financial performance by eliminating expenses and income that are not

34

reflective of the underlying business performance. We believe that the presentation of adjusted net income (loss) for the periods presented allows investors to make meaningful comparisons of our operating performance between periods and to view our business from the same perspective as our management. Because the excluded items are not predictable or consistent, management does not consider them when evaluating our performance or when making decisions regarding allocation of resources.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted net income (loss) as well as a reconciliation of diluted loss per share, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, to Adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
	(in thousands)
Net loss (GAAP)	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Adjustments:
- Purchase accounting (1)		(217)		-
- Stock-based compensation		1,054		1,420
- Other charges (2)		(16)		160
Tax effect on adjustments		(205)		(396)
Adjusted net income (loss) (non-GAAP)	$	319	$	(692)
Weighted average common shares outstanding assuming dilution		22,729,084		22,623,518
Adjusted earnings (loss) per common share - dilutive	$	0.01	$	(0.03)
GAAP diluted loss per share	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)
Adjustments net of income taxes:
- Purchase accounting (1)		(0.01)		-
- Stock-based compensation		0.03		0.04
- Other charges (2)		-		0.01
Adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per share (non-GAAP)	$	0.01	$	(0.03)

(1) Reflects reversal of earn-out compensation acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson in the periods presented.

(2) Reflects one time, unrelated legal, severance and consulting fees for the periods presented.

Contractual Obligations

There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations in the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues, expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

35

Seasonality and Year-to-Year Variability

While our Work Truck Solutions segment has limited seasonality and variability, our Work Truck Attachments segment is seasonal and also varies from year-to-year. Consequently, our results of operations and financial condition for this segment vary from quarter-to-quarter and from year-to-year as well. In addition, because of this seasonality and variability, the results of operations for our Work Truck Attachments segment and our consolidated results of operations for any quarter may not be indicative of results of operations that may be achieved for a subsequent quarter or the full year, and may not be similar to results of operations experienced in prior years. That being the case, while snowfall levels vary within a given year and from year-to-year, snowfall, and the corresponding replacement cycle of snow and ice control equipment manufactured and sold by our Work Truck Attachments segment, is relatively consistent over multi-year periods.

Sales of our Work Truck Attachments products are significantly impacted by the level, timing and location of snowfall, with sales in any given year and region most heavily influenced by snowfall levels in the prior snow season (which we consider to begin in October and end in March) in that region. This is due to the fact that end-user demand for our Work Truck Attachments products is driven primarily by the condition of their snow and ice control equipment, and in the case of professional snowplowers, by their financial ability to purchase new or replacement snow and ice control equipment, both of which are significantly affected by snowfall levels. Heavy snowfall during a given winter causes usage of our Work Truck Attachments products to increase, resulting in greater wear and tear to our products and a shortening of their life cycles, thereby creating a need for replacement commercial snow and ice control equipment and related parts and accessories. In addition, when there is a heavy snowfall in a given winter, the increased income our professional snowplowers generate from their professional snowplow activities provides them with increased purchasing power to purchase replacement commercial snow and ice control equipment prior to the following winter. To a lesser extent, sales of our Work Truck Attachments products are influenced by the timing of snowfall in a given winter. Because an early snowfall can be viewed as a sign of a heavy upcoming snow season, our end-users may respond to an early snowfall by purchasing replacement snow and ice control equipment during the current season rather than delaying purchases until after the season is over when most purchases are typically made by end-users.

We attempt to manage the seasonal impact of snowfall on our revenues in part through our pre-season sales program, which involves actively soliciting and encouraging pre-season distributor orders in the second and third quarters by offering our Work Truck Attachments distributors a combination of pricing, payment and freight incentives during this period. These pre-season sales incentives encourage our Work Truck Attachments distributors to re-stock their inventory during the second and third quarters in anticipation of the peak fourth quarter retail sales period by offering pre-season pricing and payment deferral until the fourth quarter. As a result, we tend to generate our greatest volume of sales (an average of over two-thirds over the last ten years) for the Work Truck Attachments segment during the second and third quarters, providing us with manufacturing visibility for the remainder of the year. By contrast, our revenue and operating results for the Work Truck Attachments segment tend to be lowest during the first quarter, as management believes our end-users prefer to wait until the beginning of a snow season to purchase new equipment and as our distributors sell off inventory and wait for our pre-season sales incentive period to re-stock inventory. Fourth quarter sales for the Work Truck Attachments segment vary from year-to-year as they are primarily driven by the level, timing and location of snowfall during the quarter. This is because most of our fourth quarter sales and shipments for the Work Truck Attachments segment consist of re-orders by distributors seeking to restock inventory to meet immediate customer needs caused by snowfall during the winter months.

Because of the seasonality of our sales of Work Truck Attachments products, we experience seasonality in our working capital needs as well. In the first quarter, we typically require capital as we are generally required to build our inventory for the Work Truck Attachments segment in anticipation of our second and third quarter pre-season sales. During the second and third quarters, our working capital requirements rise as our accounts receivable for the Work Truck Attachments segment increase as a result of the sale and shipment of products ordered through our pre-season sales program and we continue to build inventory. Working capital requirements peak towards the end of the third quarter and then begin to decline through the fourth quarter through a reduction in accounts receivable for the Work Truck Attachments segment when we receive the majority of the payments for pre-season shipped products.

36

We also attempt to manage the impact of seasonality and year-to-year variability on our business costs through the effective management of our assets. Our asset management and profit focus strategies include:

· the employment of a highly variable cost structure facilitated by a core group of workers that we supplement with a temporary workforce as sales volumes dictate, which allows us to adjust costs on an as-needed basis in response to changing demand;

· our enterprise-wide lean concept, which allows us to adjust production levels up or down to meet demand;

· the pre-season order program described above, which incentivizes distributors to place orders prior to the retail selling season; and

· a vertically integrated business model.

These asset management and profit focus strategies, among other management tools, allow us to adjust fixed overhead and sales, general and administrative expenditures to account for the year-to-year variability of our sales volumes.

Additionally, although modest, our annual capital expenditure requirements can be temporarily reduced by up to approximately 40% in response to actual or anticipated decreases in sales volumes. If we are unsuccessful in our asset management initiatives, the seasonality and year-to-year variability effects on our business may be compounded and in turn our results of operations and financial condition may suffer.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We do not use financial instruments for speculative trading purposes, and do not hold any derivative financial instruments that could expose us to significant market risk. Our primary market risk exposures are changes in interest rates and steel price fluctuations.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to market risk primarily from changes in interest rates.  Our borrowings, including our term loan and any revolving borrowings under our senior credit facilities, are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk.  A portion of our interest rate risk associated with our term loan is mitigated through interest rate swaps. In addition, the interest rate on any revolving borrowings is subject to an increase in the interest rate based on our average daily availability under our revolving credit facility.

As of March 31, 2019, we had outstanding borrowings under our term loan of $247.4 million. A hypothetical interest rate change of 1%, 1.5% and 2% on our term loan would have changed interest incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2019 by $0.7 million, $1.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively.

On February 20, 2015, we entered into three interest rate swap agreements with notional amounts of $45.0 million, $90.0 million and $135.0 million effective for the periods December 31, 2015 through March 29, 2018, March 29, 2018 through March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020 through June 30, 2021, respectively.  On February 5, 2018, we entered into interest rate swap agreements with notional amounts of $50.0 million and $150.0 million, effective for the periods December 31, 2018 through June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2021 through December 10, 2021, respectively. We may have counterparty credit risk resulting from the interest rate swap, which we monitor on an on-going basis. This risk lies with one global financial institution. Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of December 31, 2015, we either received or made payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 1.860% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of March 29, 2018, we will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.670% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of March 31, 2020, we will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.918% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement effective as of December 31, 2018, we will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.613% and LIBOR. Under the interest rate swap agreement effective as of June 30, 2021, we will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.793% and LIBOR. 

37

As of March 31, 2019, we had $16.0 million in outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility. A hypothetical interest rate change of 1%, 1.5% and 2% on our revolving credit facility would have changed interest incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2019 by $0.0 million, $0.0 million and $0.0 million, respectively.

Commodity Price Risk

In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk related to our purchase of steel, the primary commodity upon which our manufacturing depends. Our steel purchases as a percentage of revenue were 16.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2019,  compared to 14.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2018.  While steel is typically available from numerous suppliers, the price of steel is a commodity subject to fluctuations that apply across broad spectrums of the steel market. We do not use any derivative or hedging instruments to manage steel price risk. If the price of steel increases, our variable costs could also increase. While historically we have successfully mitigated these increased costs through the implementation of either permanent price increases and/or temporary invoice surcharges, in the future we may not be able to successfully mitigate these costs, which could cause our gross margins to decline. If our costs for steel were to increase by $1.00 in a period where we are not able to pass any of this increase onto our distributors, our gross margins would decline by $1.00 in the period in which such inventory was sold.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in such reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, other than those identified below.

Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842, Leases. As a result, we have implemented changes to our controls related to leases. These changes include the review of leases for proper classification and valuation of the lease assets and liabilities. These controls were designed to provide reasonable assurance of the fair presentation of our financial statements and related disclosures.  

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, we are engaged in various litigation matters primarily including product liability and intellectual property disputes. However, management does not believe that any current litigation is material to our operations or financial position. In addition, we are not currently party to any environmental-related claims or legal matters.

38

Item 1A.Risk Factors

There have been no significant changes in our risk factors from those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company did not sell any securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Purchase of Equity Securities

In March 2019, the Company withheld approximately 1,188 shares of the Company’s common stock from employees to satisfy minimum tax withholding obligations that arose upon vesting of restricted stock granted pursuant to the Company’s shareholder-approved equity incentive plan.

Dividend Payment Restrictions

The Company’s senior credit facilities include certain restrictions on its ability to pay dividends. The senior credit facilities also restrict the Company’s subsidiaries from paying dividends and otherwise transferring assets to Douglas Dynamics, Inc. For additional detail regarding these restrictions, see Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5.Other Information

None.

39

Item 6.Exhibits 

The following documents are filed as Exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:

Exhibit Numbers	Description
10.1#*	Retirement Agreement between Andrew Dejana and Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, LLC effective March 11, 2019.
10.2#*	Consulting Agreement between Andrew Dejana and Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, LLC effective March 11, 2019.
31.1*	Certification of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*	Certification of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101*	Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Douglas Dynamics, Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, filed on May 7, 2019, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity; and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

#A management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

*Filed herewith.

40

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	DOUGLAS DYNAMICS, INC.
	By:	/s/ SARAH LAUBER
		Sarah Lauber
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Authorized Signatory)
Dated: May 7, 2019

41

EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

RETIREMENT AGREEMENT

THIS RETIREMENT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is entered into between Andrew Dejana (“Executive”) and Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, LLC (the “Company”).  Executive enters into this Agreement on behalf of himself, his spouse, heirs, successors, assigns, executors, and representatives of any kind, if any.

WHEREAS Executive is currently employed by the Company as its President and Executive has decided to retire from employment with the Company as of April 19, 2019; and

WHEREAS the Company and Executive desire to enter into an independent consulting arrangement following Executive’s retirement;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the terms, conditions, and promises set forth in this Agreement, and in return for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, Executive and the Company agree as follows:

1.         Retirement Date.  Executive will retire from the Company and his last day of employment with the Company will be April 19, 2019 (“Retirement Date”).

2.         Retirement Benefits.  In return for the promises contained in this Agreement, the Company will provide Executive with the following retirement benefits:

a.         The Company will pay Executive the total gross amount of Thirty-Three Thousand Three Hundred Thirty-Three Dollars ($33,333), minus tax deductions and withholdings.  This payment represents the prorated gross value of Executive’s guaranteed 2019 annual bonus for 2019 and will be paid to Executive in a lump sum at the same time that the Company’s annual bonuses for 2019 are paid to other Company’s officers if the Company has received an original or copy of this Agreement that has been signed and dated by Executive.

b.         During his retirement, Executive will continue to vest in previously granted Restricted Stock Units according to the vesting schedule set forth on the applicable Grant Notice for Restricted Stock Units, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in such Grant Notice, including Executive’s continued compliance with the restrictive covenants contained therein.  No additional Restricted Stock Units will be granted in 2019 or subsequent years.

c.         Additionally, if Executive or any of his qualified dependents timely and properly elects, pursuant to the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA), to continue participation in the group health plan in which Executive is currently enrolled, the Company will reimburse Executive for the monthly premium for Executive’s group health plan coverage for the first eight (8) months of such COBRA continuation (i.e., for coverage through December 2019) or until Executive becomes eligible for group health plan

coverage under another group plan, whichever occurs earlier.  After such eight (8) month period, any further participation in the Company’s group health plans pursuant to COBRA will be at Executive’s own expense and will be governed by the applicable medical plan and COBRA.

d.         On or before the date this Agreement becomes effective, the Company and Executive will enter into and execute the Consulting Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit A.

e.         The receipt of the retirement benefits set forth in subsections (a) through (d) above are expressly conditioned on Executive’s compliance with this Agreement, Sections 5 through 9 of Executive’s July 15, 2016 Employment Agreement, Executive’s July 15, 2016 Noncompetition and Confidentiality Agreement, and each of Executive’s Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notices.

f.         The intent of the Parties is that the retirement benefits provided pursuant to this Agreement shall be exempt from or interpreted and administered in compliance with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.

3.         Cessation of Employment Compensation and Benefits.  Executive understands and agrees that the compensation described in Section 2 of Executive’s July 15, 2016 Employment Agreement and Executive’s eligibility for all benefits of employment will cease as of the Retirement Date, except as expressly provided in this Agreement or as otherwise required by law or the terms of the Company’s benefit plans as may be modified from time to time.

4.         Effect on Prior Agreements; Survival of Obligations.  This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements, and constitutes a complete statement of the agreement, between the Company and Executive with respect to its subject matter.  However, Executive agrees and understands that this Agreement does not reduce Executive’s obligations to comply with applicable laws relating to trade secrets, confidential information, or unfair competition, and Executive understands and expressly agrees that Sections 5 through 9 of Executive’s July 15, 2016 Employment Agreement, Executive’s July 15, 2016 Noncompetition and Confidentiality Agreement, and Section 10 of the standard terms and conditions of Executive’s Grant Notices for Restricted Stock Units will remain in full force and effect without modification.

5.         Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial.  This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding any choice of law rules that may direct the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.  Each party stipulates that, if there is any dispute or disagreement between the parties as to the interpretations of any provision of, or the performance of obligations under, this Agreement, venue, jurisdiction, and waiver of right to a jury trial shall be governed by the provisions set forth in Executive’s July 15, 2016 Employment Agreement.

6.         Equitable Relief.  The Company and Executive agree that (i) any breach or threatened breach by Executive of the provisions of Section 5,  Section 6,  Section 7 and Section 8 of Executive’s Employment Agreement, Executive’s July 15, 2016 Noncompetition

2

and Confidentiality Agreement, and Section 10 of the standard terms and conditions of Executive’s Grant Notices for Restricted Stock Units will result in irreparable injury to the Company and its affiliates for which a remedy at law would be inadequate, and (ii) in addition to any relief at law that may be available to the Company and its affiliates for any such breach and regardless of any other provision set forth in this Agreement, the Company and its affiliates shall be entitled to injunctive and other relief as a court may grant, without posting of a bond.

7.         Entire Agreement; Amendment; Severability.  Except as set forth in paragraph 4 of this Agreement, this document contains the entire Agreement between Executive and the Company and the other Released Parties with respect to its subject matter.  Executive may not rely on any prior agreements or discussions.  Further, this Agreement may not be amended or supplemented except in a writing that is signed by Executive and the Company.  Finally, if any portion of this Agreement is found to be unenforceable, such portion of the Agreement will be deemed amended to the extent necessary to comply with applicable law.

/s/  ANDREW DEJANA	March 11, 2019
Andrew Dejana	Date
Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, LLC
/s/ ROBERT MCCORMICK	March 11, 2019
Robert McCormick	Date

3

EX-10.2

Exhibit 10.2

CONSULTING AGREEMENT

THIS CONSULTING AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is entered into on, and effective as of, April 20, 2019 (“Effective Date”), between Andrew Dejana (“Consultant”) and Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, LLC (the “Company”) (together, the “Parties”).  In consideration of the terms, conditions, and promises set forth in this Agreement, and in return for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, Consultant and the Company agree as follows:

1.         Term of Agreement.

The term of this Agreement shall commence on April 20, 2019 and shall continue until December 31, 2019, unless it is terminated earlier in accordance with Section 2 (the “Term”). The Term of this Agreement may only be extended by mutual written agreement between the Parties.

2.         Termination.

2.1       This Agreement shall terminate upon occurrence of the first of the following events:

a.         Upon the date of expiration of the Term, unless the Term is extended by mutual written agreement of the Parties; or

b.         At Consultant’s election, upon notice to the Company, which shall be given to the Company not less than thirty (30) days prior to the date on which the Consultant elects not to continue providing the services described in this Agreement (“Services”) to the Company; or

c.         At the Company’s election, upon notice to the Consultant which shall be given to the Consultant not less than thirty (30) days prior to the date on which the Company elects not to continue receiving Services from Consultant; or

d.         Either Consultant or the Company may terminate this Agreement, effective immediately, upon written notice to the other, if the other Party materially breaches this Agreement, and such breach is incapable of cure, or with respect to a material breach capable of cure, the other Party does not cure such breach within ten (10) calendar days after receipt of written notice of such breach.

2.2       Upon expiration or termination of this Agreement, the Company shall be obligated to pay the monthly fee only for months in which actual Services were rendered by Consultant prior to termination of the Agreement.  Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, the following sections shall survive any termination of this Agreement:  Section 2,  Section 5,  Section 6,  Section 7, and Section 8.

3.Services.

3.1       Consultant shall provide to the Company the Services set forth in Exhibits 1 and 2 to this Agreement.

3.2       Consultant shall have the sole and exclusive right to control and exercise discretion as to the manner and means by which the Services are performed; provided, however, Consultant shall perform Services in compliance with Company and/or Company client requirements and policies.  The Parties acknowledge that the result of the Services under this Agreement is the primary objective bargained for by the Parties.

4.Compensation and Payment.

4.1       As compensation to Consultant for providing Services during the Term, the Company shall pay Consultant Ten Thousand Dollars and No Cents ($10,000.00) per month. The Company shall pay Consultant on the last day of each month during the Term.  Consultant acknowledges that Consultant will receive an IRS Form 1099-MISC from the Company, and that Consultant shall be solely responsible for all federal, state, and local taxes.

4.2       The Company shall not be liable to Consultant for any unauthorized expenses incurred by Consultant in performing the Services.  The Company shall reimburse Consultant for reasonable expenses associated with the Services that are pre-approved in writing by the Company and supported by appropriate documentation substantiating the expenses.  All reimbursable expenses shall be invoiced by Consultant monthly and such invoices shall include all receipts or other documents relating to the expenses sought to be reimbursed.

5.Relationship of the Parties; Independent Contractor.

5.1       Consultant is an independent contractor to the Company and this Agreement shall not be construed to create any association, partnership, joint venture, employee, or agency relationship between Consultant and the Company for any purpose. Consultant has no authority (and shall not hold himself out as having authority) to bind the Company.  Consultant shall not make any agreements or representations on the Company’s behalf without the Company’s prior written consent.

5.2       Without limiting Section 5.1, Consultant will not be eligible to participate in any benefits of employment offered by the Company to its employees, and the Company will not be responsible for withholding or paying any taxes, making any insurance contributions, or obtaining workers’ compensation insurance on Consultant’s behalf. Consultant shall be responsible for, and shall indemnify the Company against, all such taxes or contributions, including penalties and interest, resulting from or related to any obligations imposed by law relating to the payment of compensation for employment, employment taxes, or contributions for insurance benefits.  Further, Consultant shall be solely responsible for any and all other taxes based on the Services provided by Consultant under this Agreement.  Any persons employed or engaged by Consultant in connection with the performance of the Services shall be Consultant’s employees or contractors and Consultant shall be fully responsible for them and indemnifies the Company against any claims made by or on behalf of any such employee or contractor.

2

6.Indemnification.

Consultant shall reimburse, indemnify, and hold harmless the Company, and its managers, officers, directors, shareholders, partners, representatives, and agents, for, from, and against any and all claims, damages, losses, deficiencies, liabilities, penalties, charges, costs, and expenses (collectively, “Losses”) resulting from, relating to, or arising out of a breach by Consultant of this Agreement.  The Company shall reimburse, indemnify and hold harmless Consultant for, from and against any Losses resulting from, relating to, or arising out of a breach by the Company of this Agreement.

7.Restrictive Covenant; Non-Disparagement.

Consultant shall not, on his own behalf or on behalf of or in conjunction with any other person, directly or indirectly, including through any media, make any statements or other communications (oral or written) that would constitute libel, slander, or disparagement of, or in any way disparage, denigrate, or ridicule, the Company, or any of its subsidiaries, affiliates, managers, officers, directors, stockholders, employees, representatives, or agents, or the Company’s products or services, nor shall Consultant solicit any such statements or communications from others.  The Company shall not, on its own behalf or on behalf of or in conjunction with any other person, directly or indirectly, including through any media, make any statements or other communications (oral or written) that would constitute libel, slander or disparagement of, or in any way disparage, denigrate or ridicule, Consultant.

8.Miscellaneous.

8.1       Severability.  If any provision of this Agreement is held to be illegal, invalid, or unenforceable, such provision shall be fully severable, and this Agreement shall be construed and enforced as if such illegal, invalid, or unenforceable provision never constituted a part of this Agreement, and the remaining provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect and shall not be affected by the illegal, invalid, or unenforceable provision or by its severance herefrom.  Furthermore, in lieu of such illegal, invalid, or unenforceable provision, there shall be added automatically as part of this Agreement a provision as similar in its terms to such illegal, invalid, or unenforceable provision as may be possible and be legal, valid, and enforceable.

8.2       Waiver.  The failure or delay of either Party to insist, in any one or more instances, upon the performance of any of the terms, covenants or conditions of this Agreement or to exercise any right, power or privilege under this Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a relinquishment of future performance under this Agreement or as a waiver or modification of any of the same or similar rights, powers or privileges in the future.

8.3       Certain Damages.  Under no circumstances shall the Parties be liable for any indirect, incidental, economic, special, punitive, or consequential, damages, whether for breach of contract, negligence, or under any other cause of action, that result from the relationship, this Agreement, or the conduct of business contemplated herein.  The Company’s aggregate liability to Consultant shall in no event exceed the aggregate fees paid by the Company to Consultant under this Agreement.

3

8.4       Assignment; Successors.  Consultant may not assign this Agreement or delegate or subcontract any duties or responsibilities hereunder without the prior express written consent of the Company, which shall be given in the Company’s sole discretion.  The Company may assign this Agreement to an affiliate or successor-in-interest to the business or assets to which the Services relate, and that successor may enforce this Agreement against Consultant.  Any such assignment shall not relieve the Company of responsibility to make payment in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

8.5       Modification or Amendment.  This Agreement may not be modified or amended except through a writing signed by both Consultant and the authorized representative of the Company, except as required by a court with competent jurisdiction in order to enforce this Agreement.  Any variance from or additions to the terms and conditions of this Agreement in any other notice not signed by both Parties or ordered by a court shall be of no effect.

8.6       Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial.  This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding any choice of law rules that may direct the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.  Each party stipulates that, if there is any dispute or disagreement between the Parties as to the interpretations of any provision of, or the performance of obligations under, this Agreement (a “Dispute”), such Dispute shall be commenced and prosecuted in its entirety in, and each party consents to the exclusive jurisdiction and proper venue of, the Delaware Court of Chancery (unless such court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, in which case, in any state or federal court located in the State of Delaware).  The Parties acknowledge that all direction issued by the forum court, including all injunctions and other decrees, will be binding and enforceable in all jurisdictions and countries.  Each Party waives any right to trial by jury with respect to any Dispute.

8.7       Complete Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes the full and complete understanding and agreement of the Parties with respect to the consulting relationship between Consultant and the Company.  Consultant may not rely on any prior discussions, statements or agreements regarding Consultant’s consulting arrangements with the Company.  Consultant understands and acknowledges that this Agreement does not cancel, terminate, replace or supersede any confidentiality, noncompetition, nonsolicitation, assignment of inventions, cooperation and similar promises contained in any prior agreement involving Consultant and the Company, including (i) the Noncompetition and Confidentiality Agreement effective July 15, 2016 between Consultant and Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, (ii)  Sections 5-9 of Consultant’s July 15, 2016 Employment Agreement with the Company, and (iii) Section 10 of the standard terms and conditions of Consultant’s prior Grant Notices for Restricted Stock Units, which will remain in full force and effect without modification.

4

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the Effective Date.

CONSULTANT:	COMPANY:
Andrew Dejana	Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment, LLC
/s/  ANDREW DEJANA	By:	/s/  ROBERT MCCORMICK
(Signature)	Name:	Robert McCormick
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer
Andrew Dejana
(Printed Name)

5

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Section 302 Certification

I, Robert McCormick, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Douglas Dynamics, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

	By:	/s/ Robert McCormcik
		Robert McCormick
		President and Chief Executive Officer
Dated: May 7, 2019

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Section 302 Certification

I, Sarah Lauber, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Douglas Dynamics, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporti
	By:	/s/ Sarah Lauber
		Sarah Lauber
		Chief Financial Officer
Dated: May 7, 2019

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Douglas Dynamics, Inc., or the Company, on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March  31, 2019 as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, or Report, and pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, each of the undersigned officers of the Company certifies that:

· the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

· the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

	By:	/s/ Robert McCormick
		Robert McCormick
		President and Chief Executive Officer
Dated: May 7, 2019
	By:	/s/ Sarah Lauber
		Sarah Lauber
		Chief Financial Officer
Dated: May 7, 2019

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	May 07, 2019
Document and Entity Information
Entity Registrant Name	DOUGLAS DYNAMICS, INC
Entity Central Index Key	0001287213
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2019
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		22,795,412
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 348	$ 27,820
Accounts receivable, net	55,282	81,485
Inventories	111,225	81,996
Inventories - truck chassis floor plan	7,382	4,204
Refundable income taxes paid	2,041
Prepaid and other current assets	3,723	3,590
Total current assets	180,001	199,095
Property, plant, and equipment, net	53,817	55,195
Goodwill	241,006	241,006
Other intangible assets, net	171,937	174,678
Operating lease - right of use asset	21,537
Other long-term assets	7,721	6,219
Total assets	676,019	676,193
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	16,443	18,703
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	18,410	23,306
Floor plan obligations	7,382	4,204
Operating lease liability - current	3,335
Income taxes payable		106
Short term borrowings	16,000
Current portion of long-term debt	2,749	32,749
Total current liabilities	64,319	79,068
Retiree health benefit obligation	6,345	6,240
Pension obligation	2,246	2,129
Deferred income taxes	49,208	48,198
Long-term debt, less current portion	242,465	242,946
Operating lease liability - noncurrent	18,222
Other long-term liabilities	17,065	14,856
Stockholders' equity:
Common Stock, par value $0.01, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 22,795,412 and 22,700,991 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	228	227
Additional paid-in capital	152,816	151,813
Retained earnings	130,176	136,765
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(7,071)	(6,049)
Total stockholders' equity	276,149	282,756
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 676,019	$ 676,193

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common Stock, shares authorized	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common Stock, shares issued	22,795,412	22,700,991
Common Stock, shares outstanding	22,795,412	22,700,991

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Net sales	$ 93,187	$ 83,964
Cost of sales	70,241	63,937
Gross profit	22,946	20,027
Selling, general, and administrative expense	16,644	16,146
Intangibles amortization	2,741	2,871
Income from operations	3,561	1,010
Interest expense, net	(4,150)	(3,945)
Other expense, net	(171)	(203)
Loss before taxes	(760)	(3,138)
Income tax benefit	(463)	(1,262)
Net loss	$ (297)	$ (1,876)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	22,729,084	22,623,518
Diluted (in shares)	22,729,084	22,623,518
Loss per common share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.01)	$ (0.08)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	(0.01)	(0.08)
Cash dividends declared per share (in dollars per share)	0.27	0.27
Cash dividends paid per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.27	$ 0.27
Comprehensive loss	$ (1,319)	$ (1,052)

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Operating activities
Net loss	$ (297)	$ (1,876)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,808	4,701
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount	303	304
Stock-based compensation	1,054	1,420
Provision for losses on accounts receivable	107	182
Deferred income taxes	1,010	1,749
Earnout liability	(217)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	26,096	40,193
Inventories	(29,229)	(25,275)
Prepaid and refundable income taxes and other assets	(3,676)	(1,199)
Accounts payable	(2,179)	(208)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(1,451)	(5,950)
Benefit obligations and other long-term liabilities	(1,906)	234
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(5,577)	14,275
Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(769)	(1,307)
Net cash used in investing activities	(769)	(1,307)
Financing activities
Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting paid for employees' taxes	(50)	(23)
Dividends paid	(6,292)	(6,098)
Net revolver borrowings	16,000
Repayment of long-term debt	(30,784)	(30,785)
Net cash used in financing activities	(21,126)	(36,906)
Change in cash and cash equivalents	(27,472)	(23,938)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	27,820	36,875
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	348	12,937
Non-cash operating and financing activities
Truck chassis inventory acquired through floorplan obligations	$ 10,299	$ 7,301

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 226	$ 147,287	$ 115,737	$ (6,572)	$ 256,678
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	22,590,897
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net loss			(1,876)		(1,876)
Dividends paid			(6,098)		(6,098)
Adjustment for pension and postretirement benefit liability, net of tax				92	92
Adjustment for interest rate swap, net of tax				732	732
Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting		(23)			(23)
Stock based compensation	$ 1	1,419			1,420
Stock based compensation (in shares)	110,094
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	$ 227	148,683	108,140	(5,748)	251,302
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018	22,700,991
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Impact due to adoption | ASC 2014-09			377		377
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 227	151,813	136,765	(6,049)	282,756
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	22,700,991
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net loss			(297)		(297)
Dividends paid			(6,292)		(6,292)
Adjustment for pension and postretirement benefit liability, net of tax				53	53
Adjustment for interest rate swap, net of tax				(1,075)	(1,075)
Shares withheld on restricted stock vesting		(50)			(50)
Stock based compensation	$ 1	1,053			1,054
Stock based compensation (in shares)	94,421
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 228	$ 152,816	$ 130,176	$ (7,071)	$ 276,149
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	22,795,412

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Adjustment for pension and postretirement benefit liability, tax	$ (18)	$ (32)
Adjustment for interest rate swap, tax	$ 378	$ (257)

XML

Basis of presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Basis of presentation

Basis of presentation

1.Basis of presentation

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for fiscal year-end financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. For further information, refer to the financial statements and related footnotes included in our 2018 Form 10-K (Commission File No. 001-34728) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 26, 2019.

The Company currently conducts business in two segments: Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions. During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its business segments to reflect a new operating structure as a result of a change in how the Company’s chief operating decision maker allocates resources, makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. Under this revised reporting structure, the Company’s two reportable business segments are as follows: 

Work Truck Attachments.  The Work Truck Attachments segment includes commercial snow and ice management attachments sold under the FISHER®, WESTERN® and SNOWEX® brands.  This segment consists of our operations that manufacture and sell snow and ice control products.

Work Truck Solutions. The Work Truck Solutions segment includes manufactured municipal snow and ice control products under the HENDERSON® brand and the up-fit of market leading attachments and storage solutions under the HENDERSON® brand, and the DEJANA® brand and its related sub-brands.

See Note 15 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information regarding these segments. As a result of the revised reporting structure, the prior period presentation of reportable segments has been recast to conform to the current segment reporting structure.

Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Information

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and the condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, and the condensed cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 have been prepared by the Company and have not been audited.

The Company’s Work Truck Attachments segment is seasonal and consequently its results of operations and financial condition vary from quarter-to-quarter.  Because of this seasonality, the results of operations of the Work Truck Attachments segment for any quarter may not be indicative of results of operations that may be achieved for a subsequent quarter or the full year, and may not be similar to results of operations experienced in prior years. The Company attempts to manage the seasonal impact of snowfall on its revenues in part through its pre-season sales program. This pre-season sales program encourages the Company’s distributors to re-stock their inventory of Work Truck Attachments products during the second and third quarters in anticipation of the peak fourth quarter retail sales period by offering favorable pre-season pricing and payment deferral until the fourth quarter. Thus, the Company’s Work Truck Attachments segment tends to generate its greatest volume of sales during the second and third quarters. By contrast, its revenue and operating results tend to be lowest during the first quarter, as management believes the end-users of Work Truck Attachments products prefer to wait until the beginning of a snow season to purchase new equipment and as the Company’s distributors sell off Work Truck Attachments inventory and wait for the pre-season sales incentive period to re-stock inventory. Fourth quarter sales vary from year-to-year as they are primarily driven by the level, timing and location of snowfall during the quarter. This is because most of the Company’s Work Truck Attachments fourth quarter sales and shipments consist of re-orders by distributors seeking to restock inventory to meet immediate customer needs caused by snowfall during the winter months. In addition, due to the factors noted above, Work Truck Attachments working capital needs are highest in the second and third quarters as its accounts receivable rise from pre-season sales. These working capital needs decline in the fourth quarter as the Company receives payments for its pre-season shipments.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11 Leases: Targeted Improvements which allows entities to apply the new lease standard at the adoption date, rather than at the earliest period presented. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases using a modified retrospective approach.

The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2019. The Company elected several available practical expedients, as discussed in Note 6, and implemented certain internal controls to ensure the accurate presentation of financial information on adoption.

The standard had a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not have an impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. There was no cumulative catch-up adjustment made to opening retained earnings. The most significant impact was the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases, while the accounting for finance leases (previously capital leases) remained substantially unchanged. As the Company elected to apply the standard at adoption as allowed under ASU No. 2018-11, there is no impact to previously reported results. The impact of this standard was the recognition of a lease liability and right-of-use asset of approximately $22.0 million, with immaterial differences related to prepaid rent, on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for lease contracts which were previously accounted for as operating leases. 

As allowed under ASC 842, the Company has adopted the following practical expedients:

· Practical expedient package, which allows the following: 

o To not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts is or contains a lease.

o To not reassess the lease classification of any expired or existing leases.

o To not reassess the initial direct costs for any existing lease.

· Short-term lease practical expedient

o Allows the Company not to apply the recognition requirements in ASC 842 to short term leases for all asset classes. Short term leases are leases that, at commencement date, have a term of 12 months or less and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise.

· Separating lease components practical expedient

o Allows the Company not to separate lease components from nonlease components for all asset classes and instead account for each separate lease component and the nonlease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component.

XML

Revenue Recognition

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

2.Revenue Recognition

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its segments. See Note 1 to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding these segments.

Revenue Streams

The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Company generates all of its revenue from contracts with customers. Additionally, contract amounts represent the full amount of the transaction price as agreed upon with the customer at the time of order, resulting in a single performance obligation in all cases.

Work Truck Attachments

The Company recognizes revenue upon shipment of equipment to the customer. Within the Work Truck Attachments segment, the Company offers a variety of discounts and sales incentives to its distributors. The estimated liability for sales discounts and allowances is calculated using the expected value method and recorded at the time of sale as a reduction of net sales. The liability is estimated based on the costs of the program, the planned duration of the program and historical experience.

The Work Truck Attachments segment has two revenue streams, as identified below.

Independent Dealer Sales – Revenues from sales to independent dealers are recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s product, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon shipment. In these instances, each product is considered a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon shipment of the goods. Any shipping and handling activities performed by the Company after the transfer of control to the customer (e.g., when control transfers upon shipment) are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued for when the related revenue is recognized.

Parts & Accessory Sales – The Company’s equipment is used in harsh conditions and parts frequently wear out. These parts drive recurring revenues through parts and accessory sales. The process for recording parts and accessory sales is consistent with the independent dealer sales noted above.

Work Truck Solutions

The Work Truck Solutions segment primarily participates in the truck and vehicle upfitting industry in the United States. Customers are billed separately for the truck chassis by the chassis manufacturer.  The Company only records sales for the amount of the upfit, excluding the truck chassis.   Generally, the Company obtains the truck chassis from the truck chassis manufacturer through either its floor plan agreement with a financial institution or bailment pool agreement with the truck chassis manufacturer. Additionally, in some instances the Company upfits chassis which are owned by the end customer.  For truck chassis acquired through the floor plan agreement, the Company holds title to the vehicle from the time the chassis is received by the Company until the completion of the up-fit.  Under the bailment pool agreement, the Company does not take title to the truck chassis, but rather only holds the truck chassis on consignment.   The Company pays interest on both of these arrangements.  The Company records revenue in the same manner net of the value of the truck chassis in both the Company’s floor plan and bailment pool agreements. The Company does not set the price for the truck chassis, is not responsible for the billing of the chassis and does not have inventory risk in either the bailment pool or floor plan agreements. The Work Truck Solutions segment also has manufacturing operations of municipal snow and ice control equipment, where revenue is recognized upon shipment of equipment to the customer.

Revenues from the sales of the Work Truck Solutions products are recognized net of the truck chassis with the selling price to the customer recorded as sales and the manufacturing and up-fit cost of the product recorded as cost of sales. In these cases, the Company acts as an agent as it does not have inventory or pricing control over the truck chassis.  Within the Work Truck Solutions segment, the Company also sells certain third-party products for which it acts as an agent.  These sales do not meet the criteria for gross sales recognition, and thus are recognized on a net basis at the time of sale. Under net sales recognition, the cost paid to the third-party service provider is recorded as a reduction to sales, resulting in net sales being equal to the gross profit on the transaction.

The Work Truck Solutions segment has four revenue streams, as identified below.

State and Local Bids – The Company records revenue of separately sold snow and ice equipment upon shipment and fully upfit vehicles upon delivery.  The state and local bid process does not obligate the entity to buy any products from the Company, but merely allows the entity to purchase products in the future typically for a fixed period of time. The entity commits to actually purchasing products from the Company when it issues purchase orders off of a previously awarded bid, which lists out actual quantities of equipment being ordered and the delivery terms. On upfit transactions, the Company is providing a significant service by assembling and integrating the individual products onto the customer’s truck. Each individual product and installation activity is highly interdependent and highly interrelated, and therefore the Company considers the manufacture and upfit of a truck a single performance obligation. Any shipping and handling activities performed by the Company after the transfer of control to the Customer (e.g., when control transfers upon shipment) are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, the costs are accrued for when the related revenue is recognized.

Fleet Upfit Sales – The Company enters into contracts with certain fleet customers. Fleet agreements create enforceable rights without the issuance of a purchase order. Typically, these agreements outline the terms of sale, payment terms, standard pricing, and the rights of the customer and seller. Fleet sales are performed on both customer owned vehicles as well as non-customer owned vehicles.  For non-customer owned vehicles, revenue is recognized at a point in time upon delivery of the truck to the customer. For customer-owned vehicles, per Topic 606, revenue is recognized over time based on a cost input method. The Company accumulates costs incurred on partially completed customer-owned upfits based on estimated margin and completion. This change to over time recognition for customer owned vehicles increased revenue by $145 and $294 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Dealer Upfit Sales – The Company upfits work trucks for independent dealer customers. Dealer upfit revenue is recorded upon delivery. The customer does not own the vehicles during the upfit process, and as such revenue is recorded at a point in time upon delivery to the customer.

Over the Counter / Parts & Accessory Sales – Work Truck Solutions part and accessory sales are recorded as revenue upon shipment. Additionally, customers can purchase parts at any of the Company’s showrooms.  In these instances, each product is considered a separate performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon shipment of the goods or customer pick up.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by customer type and timing of revenue recognition, and includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with reportable segments.

Revenue by customer type was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Independent dealer	$ 25,817	$ 33,043	$ 58,860
Government	-	15,529	$ 15,529
Fleet	-	14,952	$ 14,952
Other	-	3,846	$ 3,846
Total revenue	$ 25,817	$ 67,370	$ 93,187
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Independent dealer	$ 24,596	$ 26,725	$ 51,321
Government	-	13,821	$ 13,821
Fleet	-	14,352	$ 14,352
Other	-	4,470	$ 4,470
Total revenue	$ 24,596	$ 59,368	$ 83,964

Revenue by timing of revenue recognition was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Point in time	$ 25,817	$ 42,023	$ 67,840
Over time	-	25,347	$ 25,347
Total revenue	$ 25,817	$ 67,370	$ 93,187
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Point in time	$ 24,596	$ 36,031	$ 60,627
Over time	-	23,337	$ 23,337
Total revenue	$ 24,596	$ 59,368	$ 83,964

Contract Balances

The following table shows the changes in the Company’s contract liabilities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019		Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions		Balance at End of Period
Contract liabilities	$	2,006	$	2,335	$	(2,041)	$	2,300
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018		Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions		Balance at End of Period
Contract liabilities	$	2,048	$	1,819	$	(1,648)	$	2,219

The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules. Contract assets include amounts related to our contractual right to consideration for completed performance objectives not yet invoiced. There were no contract assets as of March 31, 2019. Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, variable freight allowances which are refunded to the customer, and rebates paid to distributors under our municipal rebate program, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract.

The Company recognized revenue of $372 and $279 during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which was included in contract liabilities at the beginning of each period.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

Topic 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of March 31, 2019. The guidance provides certain optional exemptions that limit this requirement. The Company has various contracts that meet the following optional exemptions provided by ASC 606:

1. The performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

2. Revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of the performance obligations in the amount billable to the customer in accordance with ASC 606-10-55-18.

3. The variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-14(b), for which the criteria in ASC 606-10-32-40 have been met.

After considering the above optional exemptions, the estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period is immaterial. Specifically, all obligations are expected to be less than one year, revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of the performance obligations and variable consideration is allocated entirely to wholly unsatisfied performance obligations.

XML

Fair Value

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Fair Value

Fair Value

3.Fair Value

Fair value is the price at which an asset could be exchanged in a current transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties. A liability’s fair value is defined as the amount that would be paid to transfer the liability to a new obligor, not the amount that would be paid to settle the liability with the creditor.  Fair value measurements are categorized into one of three levels based on the lowest level of significant input used: Level 1 (unadjusted quoted prices in active markets); Level 2 (observable market inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1); and Level 3 (unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data).

The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and discloses the fair value of long-term debt:

	Fair Value at		Fair Value at
	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets:
Other long-term assets (a)	$	6,623	$	5,064
Total Assets	$	6,623	$	5,064
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps (b)	$	3,484	$	2,031
Long-term debt (c)		248,012		269,739
Earnout - Henderson (d)		44		352
Earnout - Dejana (e)		2,200		2,200
Total Liabilities	$	253,740	$	274,322

(a)  Included in other assets is the cash surrender value of insurance policies on various individuals that are associated with the Company. The carrying amount of these insurance policies approximates their fair value and is considered Level 2 inputs.  

(b) Valuation models are calibrated to initial trade price. Subsequent valuations are based on observable inputs to the valuation model (e.g. interest rates and credit spreads). Model inputs are changed only when corroborated by market data. A credit risk adjustment is made on each swap using observable market credit spreads. Thus, inputs used to determine fair value of the interest rate swap are Level 2 inputs.  Interest rate swaps of $379 and $3,105 at March 31, 2019 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively.  Interest rate swaps of $127 and $1,904 at December 31, 2018 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively.

(c)  The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, including current maturities, is estimated using discounted cash flows based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements, which is a Level 2 input for all periods presented. Meanwhile, long-term debt is recorded at carrying amount, net of discount and deferred debt issuance costs, as disclosed on the face of the balance sheet.

(d) Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the amount of $44 at March 31, 2019 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson Enterprise Group, Inc. (“Henderson”).   Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in the amounts of $33 and $442, respectively, at March 31, 2018 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson. Fair value is based upon Level 3 discounted cash flow analysis using key inputs of forecasted future sales as well as a growth rate reduced by the market required rate of return. See reconciliation of liability included below:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	352	$	529
Adjustments to fair value		(217)		—
Payment to former owners		(91)		(54)
Ending balance	$	44	$	475

(e) Included in Other long-term liabilities in the amount of $2,200 at March 31, 2019 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, Inc. and certain entities directly or indirectly owned by the Peter Paul Dejana Family Trust dated 12/31/98 (“Dejana”). Included in Other long-term liabilities in the amount of $3,100 at March 31, 2018 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of Dejana.  Fair value is based upon Level 3 inputs of a real options approach where gross sales were simulated in a risk-neutral framework using Geometric Brownian Motion, a well-accepted model of stock price behavior that is used in option pricing models such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model, using key inputs of forecasted future sales and financial performance as well as a risk adjusted expected growth rate adjusted appropriately based on its correlation with the market.  See reconciliation of liability included below:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	2,200	$	3,100
Adjustments to fair value		—		—
Payment to former owners		—		—
Ending balance	$	2,200	$	3,100

XML

Inventories

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Inventories

Inventories

4.Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Finished goods	$	69,623	$	43,192
Work-in-process		8,021		7,357
Raw material and supplies		33,581		31,447
	$	111,225	$	81,996

The inventories in the table above do not include truck chassis inventory financed through a floor plan financing agreement, which are recorded separately on the balance sheet. The Company takes title to truck chassis upon receipt of the inventory through its floor plan agreement and performs up-fitting service installations to the truck chassis inventory during the installation period.  The floor plan obligation is then assumed by the dealer customer upon delivery.  At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had $7,382 and $4,204 of chassis inventory and related floor plan financing obligation, respectively.  The Company recognizes revenue associated with up-fitting and service installations net of the truck chassis.

XML

Property, plant and equipment

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment

5.Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Land	$	2,378	$	2,378
Land improvements		4,450		4,357
Leasehold improvements		4,087		4,079
Buildings		28,616		28,238
Machinery and equipment		50,703		50,129
Furniture and fixtures		16,457		16,360
Mobile equipment and other		4,883		4,883
Construction-in-process		2,545		3,084
Total property, plant and equipment		114,119		113,508
Less accumulated depreciation		(60,302)		(58,313)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	53,817	$	55,195

XML

Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Leases

Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]

6.Leases

The Company has operating leases for manufacturing and upfit facilities, land and parking lots, warehousing space and certain equipment. The leases have remaining lease terms of less than one year to 17 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 years. Such renewal options were not included in the determination of the lease term unless deemed reasonably certain of exercise. The discount rate used in measuring the lease liabilities is based on the Company’s interest rate on its secured Term Loan Credit Agreement. Certain of the Company’s leases contain escalating rental payments based on an index. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Lease Expense

The components of lease expense, which are included in Cost of sales and Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss, were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019
Operating lease expense	$ 1,132
Short term lease cost	$ 100
Total lease cost	$ 1,232

Cash Flow

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement  of operating lease liabilities	$ 765
Non-cash lease expense - right-of-use assets	$ 785
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$ 56

Balance Sheet

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows: 

	March 31, 2019
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 21,537
Other current liabilities	3,335
Operating lease liabilities	18,222
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 21,557
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases	87	months
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases	5.35%

Lease Maturities

Maturities of leases were as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)	$ 3,288
2020	3,936
2021	3,657
2022	3,267
2023	2,879
Thereafter	8,617
Total Lease Payments	25,644
Less: imputed interest	(4,087)
Total	$ 21,557

Related party leases

The Company entered into lease agreements at the time of the close of the Dejana acquisition with parties that are affiliated with the former owners of Dejana and are still employed at Dejana post - acquisition.  The related parties continue to own land and buildings where Dejana conducts business.  As of March 31, 2019, the Company had 9 operating leases at Dejana upfitting and manufacturing facilities with related party affiliates. The Company incurred $534 of total rent expense to related parties in the three months ended March 31, 2019.  As the Company makes monthly payments to the related parties, there are no amounts owed to the related parties at March 31, 2019.

ASC 840 Disclosure

As required in transition, the below summarizes the Company’s future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2018 under ASC 840:

		Related Party Leases		Third Party Leases		Total Leases
2019	$	2,250	$	2,009	$	4,259
2020		2,250		1,654		3,904
2021		2,250		1,364		3,614
2022		2,250		949		3,199
2023		2,130		574		2,704
Thereafter		4,410		1,500		5,910
Total lease obligations	$	15,540	$	8,050	$	23,590

XML

Other Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Other Intangible Assets

Other Intangible Assets

7. Other Intangible Assets

The following is a summary of the Company’s other intangible assets:

		Gross	Less		Net
		Carrying	Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount	Amortization		Amount
March 31,  2019
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trademark and tradenames	$	77,600	$	-	$	77,600
Amortizable intangibles:
Dealer network		80,000		60,000		20,000
Customer relationships		80,920		17,935		62,985
Patents		21,136		12,288		8,848
Noncompete agreements		8,640		7,952		688
Trademarks		5,459		3,643		1,816
Backlog		1,900		1,900		-
License		20		20		-
Amortizable intangibles, net		198,075		103,738		94,337
Total	$	275,675	$	103,738	$	171,937
		Gross	Less		Net
		Carrying	Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount	Amortization		Amount
December 31, 2018
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trademark and tradenames	$	77,600	$	-	$	77,600
Amortizable intangibles:
Dealer network		80,000		59,000		21,000
Customer relationships		80,920		16,607		64,313
Patents		21,136		11,974		9,162
Noncompete agreements		8,640		7,877		763
Trademarks		5,459		3,619		1,840
Backlog		1,900		1,900		-
License		20		20		-
Amortizable intangibles, net		198,075		100,997		97,078
Total	$	275,675	$	100,997	$	174,678

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $2,741 and $2,871 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the remainder of 2019 and each of the succeeding five years is as follows:

2019	$	8,216
2020		10,932
2021		10,670
2022		10,520
2023		10,520
2024		7,520

XML

Long-Term Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Long-Term Debt

Long-Term Debt

8.Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt is summarized below:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Term Loan, net of debt discount of $1,074 and $1,172 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	$	247,394	$	278,081
Less current maturities		2,749		32,749
Long-term debt before deferred financing costs		244,645		245,332
Deferred financing costs, net		2,180		2,386
Long-term debt, net	$	242,465	$	242,946

At March 31, 2019, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan Credit Agreement of $247,394, outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Agreement of $16,000, and remaining borrowing availability of $54,645.  At December 31, 2018, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan Credit Agreement of $278,081,  no outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Agreement and remaining borrowing availability of $94,631. 

In accordance with the senior credit facilities, the Company is required to make additional principal prepayments over the above scheduled payments under certain conditions. This includes, in the case of the term loan facility, 100% of the net cash proceeds of certain asset sales, certain insurance or condemnation events, certain debt issuances, and, within 150 days of the end of each fiscal year, 50% of consolidated excess cash flow including a deduction for certain distributions (which percentage is reduced to 0% upon the achievement of certain leverage ratio thresholds), for such fiscal year. Consolidated excess cash flow is defined in the senior credit facilities as consolidated adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) plus a consolidated working capital adjustment, less the sum of repayments of debt and capital expenditures (subject to certain adjustments), interest and taxes paid in cash, management fees and certain restricted payments (including certain dividends or distributions). Consolidated working capital adjustment is defined in the senior credit facilities as the change in working capital, defined as current assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents, less current liabilities, excluding the current portion of long-term debt.  As of March 31, 2019, the Company was not required to make additional excess cash flow payments during fiscal 2019. The Company made a voluntary payment of $30,000 on its debt on February 13, 2019.

The Company entered into interest rate swap agreements on February 20, 2015 to reduce its exposure to interest rate volatility.  The three interest rate swap agreements have notional amounts of $45,000,  $90,000 and $135,000 effective for the periods December 31, 2015 through March 29, 2018, March 29, 2018 through March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2020 through June 30, 2021, respectively.  On February 5, 2018, the Company entered into additional interest rate swap agreements to reduce its exposure to interest rate volatility. The two interest rate swap agreements have notional amounts of $50,000 and $150,000 effective for the periods December 31, 2018 through June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2021 through December 10, 2021, respectively. The interest rates swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges. The Company may have counterparty credit risk resulting from the interest rate swap, which it monitors on an on-going basis. This risk lies with one global financial institution. Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of December 31, 2015, the Company either received or made payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 1.860% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of March 29, 2018, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.670% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement, effective as of March 31, 2020, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.918% and LIBOR (with a LIBOR floor of 1.0%). Under the interest rate swap agreement effective as of December 31, 2018, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.613% and LIBOR. Under the interest rate swap agreement effective as of June 30, 2021, the Company will either receive or make payments on a monthly basis based on the differential between 2.793% and LIBOR. The interest rate swaps’ negative fair value at March 31, 2019 was $3,484, of which $379 and $3,105 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, respectively.  The interest rate swaps’ negative fair value at December 31, 2018 was $2,031, of which $127 and $1,904 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, respectively. 

XML

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

9.Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities are summarized as follows:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Payroll and related costs	$	5,468	$	9,607
Employee benefits		5,340		5,281
Accrued warranty		3,140		3,662
Other		4,462		4,756
	$	18,410	$	23,306

XML

Warranty Liability

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Warranty Liability

Warranty Liability

10.Warranty Liability

The Company accrues for estimated warranty costs as sales are recognized and periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amount as necessary. The Company’s warranties generally provide, with respect to its snow and ice control equipment, that all material and workmanship will be free from defect for a period of two years after the date of purchase by the end-user, and with respect to its parts and accessories purchased separately, that such parts and accessories will be free from defect for a period of one year after the date of purchase by the end-user.  All of the Company’s warranties are assurance-type warranties. Certain snowplows only provide for a one year warranty.  The Company determines the amount of the estimated warranty costs (and its corresponding warranty reserve) based on the Company’s prior five years of warranty history utilizing a formula driven by historical warranty expense and applying management’s judgment.  The Company adjusts its historical warranty costs to take into account unique factors such as the introduction of new products into the marketplace that do not provide a historical warranty record to assess. The warranty reserve was $5,091 at March 31, 2019, of which $1,951 is included in Other long-term liabilities and $3,140 is included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The warranty reserve was $6,174 at December 31, 2018, of which $2,512 is included in Other long-term liabilities and $3,662 is included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

The following is a rollforward of the Company’s warranty liability:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	6,174	$	5,677
Warranty provision		561		662
Claims paid/settlements		(1,644)		(1,709)
Balance at the end of the period	$	5,091	$	4,630

XML

Employee Retirement Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Employee Retirement Plans

Employee Retirement Plans

11.Employee Retirement Plans

The components of net periodic pension cost consist of the following:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Component of net periodic pension cost:
Service cost	$	-	$	102
Interest cost		410		389
Expected return on plan assets		(294)		(475)
Amortization of net loss		149		176
Net periodic pension cost	$	265	$	192

The Company estimates its total required minimum contributions to its pension plans in 2019 will be $0.  Through March 31, 2019, the Company has made $0 of cash contributions to the pension plans versus $14 through the same period in 2018.

Components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost consist of the following:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Component of periodic other postretirement benefit cost:
Service cost	$	37	$	47
Interest cost		63		58
Amortization of net gain		(78)		(52)
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	22	$	53

Service cost is included in Income from operations on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost are included in Other expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

XML

Loss per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Loss per Share

Loss per Share

12.Loss per Share

Basic loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares, using the two-class method.  As the Company has granted restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that both participate in dividend equivalents and do not participate in dividend equivalents, the Company has calculated loss per share pursuant to the two-class method, which is a loss allocation formula that determines loss per share for common stock and participating securities according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed losses. Under this method, all losses (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common shares and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders as adjusted for the effect of dilutive non-participating securities, by the weighted average number of common stock and dilutive common stock outstanding during the period.  Potential common shares in the diluted net loss per share computation are excluded to the extent that they would be anti-dilutive. Weighted average of potentially dilutive non-participating RSU’s were 31,389 and 11,716 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Basic loss per common share
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities		(4)		(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$	(293)	$	(1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		22,729,084		22,623,518
	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)
Loss per common share assuming dilution
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities		(4)		(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$	(293)	$	(1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		22,729,084		22,623,518
Incremental shares applicable to non-participating RSUs		-		-
Weighted average common shares assuming dilution		22,729,084		22,623,518
	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)

XML

Employee Stock Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Employee Stock Plans

Employee Stock Plans

13.Employee Stock Plans

2010 Stock Incentive Plan

In May 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2010 Plan”).  The Company’s Board of Directors approved an amendment and restatement of the 2010 Plan on March 5, 2014, contingent on stockholder approval of the performance goals under the 2010 Plan, and the amendment and restatement became effective upon stockholder approval of the performance goals at the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders held on April 30, 2014.  The 2010 Plan provides for the issuance of nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units (“RSUs”), any of which may be performance-based, and for incentive bonuses, which may be paid in cash or stock or a combination of both, to eligible employees, officers, non-employee directors and other service providers to the Company and its subsidiaries.  A maximum of 2,130,000 shares of common stock may be issued pursuant to all awards under the 2010 Plan.

Equity awards issued to management include a retirement provision under which members of management who either (1) are age 65 or older or (2) have at least ten years of service and are at least age 55 will continue to vest in unvested equity awards upon retirement. The retirement provision also stipulates that the employee remain employed by the Company for six months after the first day of the fiscal year of the grant.  As the retirement provision does not qualify as a substantive service condition, the Company incurred $343 and $742 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in additional expense for employees who meet the thresholds of the retirement provision. In 2013, the Company’s nominating and governance committee approved a retirement provision for the RSUs issued to non-employee directors that accelerates the vesting of such awards upon retirement.  Such awards are fully expensed immediately upon grant in accordance with ASC 718, as the retirement provision eliminates substantive service conditions associated with the awards.

Performance Share Unit Awards

The Company granted performance share units as performance-based awards under the 2010 Plan in the first quarters of 2019 and 2018 that are subject to performance conditions over a three year performance period beginning in the year of the grant. Upon meeting the prescribed performance conditions, employees will be issued shares which vest immediately at the end of the measurement period. For performance share grants in prior years, upon meeting the prescribed performance conditions, in the first quarter of the year subsequent to grant, employees were issued RSUs, a portion of which is subject to vesting over the two years following the end of the performance period.  In accordance with ASC 718, such awards are being expensed over the vesting period from the date of grant through the requisite service period, based upon the most probable outcome.  The fair value per share of the awards is the closing stock price on the date of grant, which was $36.48. The Company recognized $294 and $491 of compensation expense related to the awards in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense calculated under the fair value method for shares that were, as of March 31, 2019, expected to be earned through the requisite service period was approximately $1,729 and is expected to be recognized through 2022.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards

RSUs are granted to both non-employee directors and management.  RSUs do not carry voting rights.  While all non-employee director RSUs participate in dividend equivalents, there are two classes of management RSUs, one that participates in dividend equivalents, and a second that does not participate in dividend equivalents.  Each RSU represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock and is subject to time-based vesting restrictions. Participants are not required to pay any consideration to the Company at either the time of grant of a RSU or upon vesting.

A summary of RSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 is as follows:

				Weighted
		Weighted		Average
		Average		Remaining
		Grant Date		Contractual
	Shares	Fair value		Term
Unvested at December 31, 2018	45,599	$	33.28	1.32	years
Granted	47,360	$	36.48	1.14	years
Vested	(35,113)	$	32.64
Cancelled and forfeited	-	$	-
Unvested at March 31, 2019	57,846	$	36.46	1.47	years
Expected to vest in the future at March 31, 2019	57,846	$	36.46	1.47	years

The Company recognized $760 and $929 of compensation expense related to the RSU awards in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense, calculated under the fair value method for shares that were, as of March 31, 2019, expected to be earned through the requisite service period was approximately $1,808 and is expected to be recognized through 2022.

For 2019 grants to non-employee directors, vesting occurs as of the grant date. Vested director RSUs are ‘‘settled’’ by the delivery to the participant or a designated brokerage firm of one share of common stock per vested RSU as soon as reasonably practicable following a termination of service of the participant that constitutes a separation from service, and in all events no later than the end of the calendar year in which such termination of service occurs or, if later, two and one-half months after such termination of service.  Vested management RSUs are “settled” by the delivery to the participant or a designated brokerage firm of one share of common stock per vested RSU as soon as reasonably practicable following vesting.

XML

Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

14.Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is engaged in various litigation including product liability and intellectual property disputes.  However, the Company does not believe that any pending litigation will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position.  In addition, the Company is not currently a party to any environmental-related claims or legal matters.

XML

Segments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Segments

Segments

15.         Segments

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company reorganized its business segments to reflect a new operating structure as a result of a change in how the Company’s chief operating decision maker allocates resources, makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. Under this revised reporting structure, the Company’s two reportable business segments are as follows: 

Work Truck Attachments.  The Work Truck Attachments segment includes commercial snow and ice management attachments sold under the FISHER®, WESTERN® and SNOWEX® brands.  This segment consists of our operations that manufacture and sell snow and ice control products.

Work Truck Solutions. The Work Truck Solutions segment includes manufactured municipal snow and ice control products under the HENDERSON® brand and the up-fit of market leading attachments and storage solutions under the HENDERSON® brand, and the DEJANA® brand and its related sub-brands.

Separate financial information is available for the two operating segments. In addition, segment results now include an allocation of all corporate costs to Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions. Prior period segment information has been recast to align with this change in reporting structure and to reflect an allocation of corporate costs.

Segment performance is evaluated based on segment net sales and Adjusted EBITDA. Segment results include an allocation of all corporate costs. No single customer’s revenues amounted to 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue. Sales are primarily within the United States and substantially all assets are located within the United States.

Historically, sales from Work Truck Attachments to Work Truck Solutions were recorded at third party pricing. In 2019, sales between Work Truck Attachments and Work Truck Solutions reflect the Company’s intercompany pricing policy. The following table shows summarized financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
		2019		2018
Net sales
Work Truck Attachments	$	25,817	$	24,596
Work Truck Solutions		67,370		59,368
	$	93,187	$	83,964
Adjusted EBITDA
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,284	$	4,385
Work Truck Solutions		6,735		2,703
	$	9,019	$	7,088
Depreciation and amortization expense
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,538	$	2,340
Work Truck Solutions		2,270		2,361
	$	4,808	$	4,701
Assets
Work Truck Attachments	$	330,731	$	327,780
Work Truck Solutions		345,288		312,859
	$	676,019	$	640,639
Capital Expenditures
Work Truck Attachments	$	611	$	649
Work Truck Solutions		77		133
	$	688	$	782

All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.

XML

Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

16.Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax benefit was (60.9%) and (40.2%) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The effective tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was higher when compared to the same period in 2018 due to a discrete tax benefit related to excess tax benefits from stock compensation of $312 and $530 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.  The largest item affecting deferred taxes is the difference between book and tax amortization of goodwill and other intangibles amortization.

XML

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component

17.Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component

Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:

	Unrealized
	Net Loss			Retiree
	on Interest			Health
	Rate			Benefit	Pension
	Swap			Obligation	Obligation		Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(1,530)	$	2,118	$	(6,637)	$	(6,049)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(1,111)		—		—		(1,111)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss: (1)		36		(58)		110		89
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(2,605)	$	2,060	$	(6,527)	$	(7,071)
(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amortization of Other Postretirement Benefit items:
Actuarial gains (a)		(78)
Tax expense		20
Reclassification net of tax	$	(58)
Amortization of pension items:
Actuarial losses (a)		149
Tax benefit		(39)
Reclassification net of tax	$	110
Realized losses on interest rate swaps reclassified to interest expense		49
Tax benefit		(13)
Reclassification net of tax	$	36
(a) These components are included in the computation of benefit plan costs in Note 11.

Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are as follows:

	Unrealized
	Net Loss			Retiree
	on Interest			Health
	Rate			Benefit	Pension
	Swap			Obligation	Obligation		Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	(1,328)	$	1,392	$	(6,636)	$	(6,572)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications		711		-		-		711
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss: (1)		21		(38)		130		113
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	(596)	$	1,354	$	(6,506)	$	(5,748)
(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amortization of Other Postretirement Benefit items:
Actuarial gains (a)		(52)
Tax expense		14
Reclassification net of tax	$	(38)
Amortization of pension items:
Actuarial losses (a)		176
Tax benefit		(46)
Reclassification net of tax	$	130
Realized losses on interest rate swaps reclassified to interest expense		29
Tax benefit		(8)
Reclassification net of tax	$	21

(a) These components are included in the computation of benefit plan costs in Note 11.

XML

Basis of presentation (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Basis of presentation

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11 Leases: Targeted Improvements which allows entities to apply the new lease standard at the adoption date, rather than at the earliest period presented. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases using a modified retrospective approach.

The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2019. The Company elected several available practical expedients, as discussed in Note 6, and implemented certain internal controls to ensure the accurate presentation of financial information on adoption.

The standard had a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not have an impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. There was no cumulative catch-up adjustment made to opening retained earnings. The most significant impact was the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases, while the accounting for finance leases (previously capital leases) remained substantially unchanged. As the Company elected to apply the standard at adoption as allowed under ASU No. 2018-11, there is no impact to previously reported results. The impact of this standard was the recognition of a lease liability and right-of-use asset of approximately $22.0 million, with immaterial differences related to prepaid rent, on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for lease contracts which were previously accounted for as operating leases. 

As allowed under ASC 842, the Company has adopted the following practical expedients:

· Practical expedient package, which allows the following: 

o To not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts is or contains a lease.

o To not reassess the lease classification of any expired or existing leases.

o To not reassess the initial direct costs for any existing lease.

· Short-term lease practical expedient

o Allows the Company not to apply the recognition requirements in ASC 842 to short term leases for all asset classes. Short term leases are leases that, at commencement date, have a term of 12 months or less and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise.

· Separating lease components practical expedient

Allows the Company not to separate lease components from nonlease components for all asset classes and instead account for each separate lease component and the nonlease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component.

XML

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Revenue by customer and timing recognition

Revenue by customer type was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Independent dealer	$ 25,817	$ 33,043	$ 58,860
Government	-	15,529	$ 15,529
Fleet	-	14,952	$ 14,952
Other	-	3,846	$ 3,846
Total revenue	$ 25,817	$ 67,370	$ 93,187
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Independent dealer	$ 24,596	$ 26,725	$ 51,321
Government	-	13,821	$ 13,821
Fleet	-	14,352	$ 14,352
Other	-	4,470	$ 4,470
Total revenue	$ 24,596	$ 59,368	$ 83,964

Revenue by timing of revenue recognition was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Point in time	$ 25,817	$ 42,023	$ 67,840
Over time	-	25,347	$ 25,347
Total revenue	$ 25,817	$ 67,370	$ 93,187
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018	Work Truck Attachments	Work Truck Solutions	Total Revenue
Point in time	$ 24,596	$ 36,031	$ 60,627
Over time	-	23,337	$ 23,337
Total revenue	$ 24,596	$ 59,368	$ 83,964

Contract Balances

Three Months Ended March 31,  2019		Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions		Balance at End of Period
Contract liabilities	$	2,006	$	2,335	$	(2,041)	$	2,300
Three Months Ended March 31,  2018		Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions		Balance at End of Period
Contract liabilities	$	2,048	$	1,819	$	(1,648)	$	2,219

XML

Fair Value (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Schedule of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and disclosure of the fair value of long-term debt

	Fair Value at		Fair Value at
	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets:
Other long-term assets (a)	$	6,623	$	5,064
Total Assets	$	6,623	$	5,064
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps (b)	$	3,484	$	2,031
Long-term debt (c)		248,012		269,739
Earnout - Henderson (d)		44		352
Earnout - Dejana (e)		2,200		2,200
Total Liabilities	$	253,740	$	274,322

(a)  Included in other assets is the cash surrender value of insurance policies on various individuals that are associated with the Company. The carrying amount of these insurance policies approximates their fair value and is considered Level 2 inputs.  

(b) Valuation models are calibrated to initial trade price. Subsequent valuations are based on observable inputs to the valuation model (e.g. interest rates and credit spreads). Model inputs are changed only when corroborated by market data. A credit risk adjustment is made on each swap using observable market credit spreads. Thus, inputs used to determine fair value of the interest rate swap are Level 2 inputs.  Interest rate swaps of $379 and $3,105 at March 31, 2019 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively.  Interest rate swaps of $127 and $1,904 at December 31, 2018 are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively.

(c)  The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt, including current maturities, is estimated using discounted cash flows based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements, which is a Level 2 input for all periods presented. Meanwhile, long-term debt is recorded at carrying amount, net of discount and deferred debt issuance costs, as disclosed on the face of the balance sheet.

(d) Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the amount of $44 at March 31, 2019 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson Enterprise Group, Inc. (“Henderson”).   Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in the amounts of $33 and $442, respectively, at March 31, 2018 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Henderson. Fair value is based upon Level 3 discounted cash flow analysis using key inputs of forecasted future sales as well as a growth rate reduced by the market required rate of return. See reconciliation of liability included below:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	352	$	529
Adjustments to fair value		(217)		—
Payment to former owners		(91)		(54)
Ending balance	$	44	$	475

(e) Included in Other long-term liabilities in the amount of $2,200 at March 31, 2019 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Dejana Truck & Utility Equipment Company, Inc. and certain entities directly or indirectly owned by the Peter Paul Dejana Family Trust dated 12/31/98 (“Dejana”). Included in Other long-term liabilities in the amount of $3,100 at March 31, 2018 is the fair value of an obligation for a portion of the potential earnout incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of Dejana.  Fair value is based upon Level 3 inputs of a real options approach where gross sales were simulated in a risk-neutral framework using Geometric Brownian Motion, a well-accepted model of stock price behavior that is used in option pricing models such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model, using key inputs of forecasted future sales and financial performance as well as a risk adjusted expected growth rate adjusted appropriately based on its correlation with the market.  See reconciliation of liability included below:

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	2,200	$	3,100
Adjustments to fair value		—		—
Payment to former owners		—		—
Ending balance	$	2,200	$	3,100

Henderson

Schedule of reconciliation of liability

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	352	$	529
Adjustments to fair value		(217)		—
Payment to former owners		(91)		(54)
Ending balance	$	44	$	475

Dejana

Schedule of reconciliation of liability

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning Balance	$	2,200	$	3,100
Adjustments to fair value		—		—
Payment to former owners		—		—
Ending balance	$	2,200	$	3,100

XML

Inventories (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Inventories

Schedule of inventories

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Finished goods	$	69,623	$	43,192
Work-in-process		8,021		7,357
Raw material and supplies		33,581		31,447
	$	111,225	$	81,996

XML

Property, plant and equipment (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Property, plant and equipment

Summary of property, plant and equipment

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Land	$	2,378	$	2,378
Land improvements		4,450		4,357
Leasehold improvements		4,087		4,079
Buildings		28,616		28,238
Machinery and equipment		50,703		50,129
Furniture and fixtures		16,457		16,360
Mobile equipment and other		4,883		4,883
Construction-in-process		2,545		3,084
Total property, plant and equipment		114,119		113,508
Less accumulated depreciation		(60,302)		(58,313)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	53,817	$	55,195

XML

Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Leases

Summary of lease expense and supplemental cash flow information

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019
Operating lease expense	$ 1,132
Short term lease cost	$ 100
Total lease cost	$ 1,232

Cash Flow

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement  of operating lease liabilities	$ 765
Non-cash lease expense - right-of-use assets	$ 785
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$ 56

Summary of supplemental balance sheet information related to leases

	March 31, 2019
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 21,537
Other current liabilities	3,335
Operating lease liabilities	18,222
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 21,557
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases	87	months
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Operating leases	5.35%

Summary of maturities of leases

Year ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)	$ 3,288
2020	3,936
2021	3,657
2022	3,267
2023	2,879
Thereafter	8,617
Total Lease Payments	25,644
Less: imputed interest	(4,087)
Total	$ 21,557

Summary of future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2018 under ASC 840

		Related Party Leases		Third Party Leases		Total Leases
2019	$	2,250	$	2,009	$	4,259
2020		2,250		1,654		3,904
2021		2,250		1,364		3,614
2022		2,250		949		3,199
2023		2,130		574		2,704
Thereafter		4,410		1,500		5,910
Total lease obligations	$	15,540	$	8,050	$	23,590

XML

Other Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Other Intangible Assets

Summary of other intangible assets

		Gross	Less		Net
		Carrying	Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount	Amortization		Amount
March 31,  2019
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trademark and tradenames	$	77,600	$	-	$	77,600
Amortizable intangibles:
Dealer network		80,000		60,000		20,000
Customer relationships		80,920		17,935		62,985
Patents		21,136		12,288		8,848
Noncompete agreements		8,640		7,952		688
Trademarks		5,459		3,643		1,816
Backlog		1,900		1,900		-
License		20		20		-
Amortizable intangibles, net		198,075		103,738		94,337
Total	$	275,675	$	103,738	$	171,937
		Gross	Less		Net
		Carrying	Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount	Amortization		Amount
December 31, 2018
Indefinite-lived intangibles:
Trademark and tradenames	$	77,600	$	-	$	77,600
Amortizable intangibles:
Dealer network		80,000		59,000		21,000
Customer relationships		80,920		16,607		64,313
Patents		21,136		11,974		9,162
Noncompete agreements		8,640		7,877		763
Trademarks		5,459		3,619		1,840
Backlog		1,900		1,900		-
License		20		20		-
Amortizable intangibles, net		198,075		100,997		97,078
Total	$	275,675	$	100,997	$	174,678

Schedule of estimated amortization expense

2019	$	8,216
2020		10,932
2021		10,670
2022		10,520
2023		10,520
2024		7,520

XML

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Long-Term Debt

Summary of long-term debt

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Term Loan, net of debt discount of $1,074 and $1,172 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	$	247,394	$	278,081
Less current maturities		2,749		32,749
Long-term debt before deferred financing costs		244,645		245,332
Deferred financing costs, net		2,180		2,386
Long-term debt, net	$	242,465	$	242,946

XML

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Summary of accrued expenses and other current liabilities

	March 31,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Payroll and related costs	$	5,468	$	9,607
Employee benefits		5,340		5,281
Accrued warranty		3,140		3,662
Other		4,462		4,756
	$	18,410	$	23,306

XML

Warranty Liability (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Warranty Liability

Schedule of rollforward of Company's warranty liability

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	6,174	$	5,677
Warranty provision		561		662
Claims paid/settlements		(1,644)		(1,709)
Balance at the end of the period	$	5,091	$	4,630

XML

Employee Retirement Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Pension plan

Employee retirement plans

Schedule of components of net periodic pension or other postretirement benefit cost

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Component of net periodic pension cost:
Service cost	$	-	$	102
Interest cost		410		389
Expected return on plan assets		(294)		(475)
Amortization of net loss		149		176
Net periodic pension cost	$	265	$	192

Other postretirement benefit cost

Employee retirement plans

Schedule of components of net periodic pension or other postretirement benefit cost

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Component of periodic other postretirement benefit cost:
Service cost	$	37	$	47
Interest cost		63		58
Amortization of net gain		(78)		(52)
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	22	$	53

XML

Loss per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Loss per Share

Schedule of computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2019		2018
Basic loss per common share
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities		(4)		(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$	(293)	$	(1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		22,729,084		22,623,518
	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)
Loss per common share assuming dilution
Net loss	$	(297)	$	(1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities		(4)		(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$	(293)	$	(1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		22,729,084		22,623,518
Incremental shares applicable to non-participating RSUs		-		-
Weighted average common shares assuming dilution		22,729,084		22,623,518
	$	(0.01)	$	(0.08)

XML

Employee Stock Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Employee Stock Plans

Summary of RSU activity

				Weighted
		Weighted		Average
		Average		Remaining
		Grant Date		Contractual
	Shares	Fair value		Term
Unvested at December 31, 2018	45,599	$	33.28	1.32	years
Granted	47,360	$	36.48	1.14	years
Vested	(35,113)	$	32.64
Cancelled and forfeited	-	$	-
Unvested at March 31, 2019	57,846	$	36.46	1.47	years
Expected to vest in the future at March 31, 2019	57,846	$	36.46	1.47	years

XML

Segments (Table)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Segments

Schedule of assets and profit/loss of the segments

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
		2019		2018
Net sales
Work Truck Attachments	$	25,817	$	24,596
Work Truck Solutions		67,370		59,368
	$	93,187	$	83,964
Adjusted EBITDA
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,284	$	4,385
Work Truck Solutions		6,735		2,703
	$	9,019	$	7,088
Depreciation and amortization expense
Work Truck Attachments	$	2,538	$	2,340
Work Truck Solutions		2,270		2,361
	$	4,808	$	4,701
Assets
Work Truck Attachments	$	330,731	$	327,780
Work Truck Solutions		345,288		312,859
	$	676,019	$	640,639
Capital Expenditures
Work Truck Attachments	$	611	$	649
Work Truck Solutions		77		133
	$	688	$	782

XML

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component

Schedule of changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component

Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:

	Unrealized
	Net Loss			Retiree
	on Interest			Health
	Rate			Benefit	Pension
	Swap			Obligation	Obligation		Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(1,530)	$	2,118	$	(6,637)	$	(6,049)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(1,111)		—		—		(1,111)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss: (1)		36		(58)		110		89
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(2,605)	$	2,060	$	(6,527)	$	(7,071)
(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amortization of Other Postretirement Benefit items:
Actuarial gains (a)		(78)
Tax expense		20
Reclassification net of tax	$	(58)
Amortization of pension items:
Actuarial losses (a)		149
Tax benefit		(39)
Reclassification net of tax	$	110
Realized losses on interest rate swaps reclassified to interest expense		49
Tax benefit		(13)
Reclassification net of tax	$	36
(a) These components are included in the computation of benefit plan costs in Note 11.

Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for the three months ended March 31, 2018 are as follows:

	Unrealized
	Net Loss			Retiree
	on Interest			Health
	Rate			Benefit	Pension
	Swap			Obligation	Obligation		Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	(1,328)	$	1,392	$	(6,636)	$	(6,572)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications		711		-		-		711
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss: (1)		21		(38)		130		113
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	(596)	$	1,354	$	(6,506)	$	(5,748)
(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Amortization of Other Postretirement Benefit items:
Actuarial gains (a)		(52)
Tax expense		14
Reclassification net of tax	$	(38)
Amortization of pension items:
Actuarial losses (a)		176
Tax benefit		(46)
Reclassification net of tax	$	130
Realized losses on interest rate swaps reclassified to interest expense		29
Tax benefit		(8)
Reclassification net of tax	$	21

(a) These components are included in the computation of benefit plan costs in Note 11.

XML

Basis of presentation (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) segment	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Interim Consolidated Financial Information
Number of operating segments | segment	2
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ (463)	$ (1,262)
Right of use asset	21,537
Lease liability	21,557
ASU 2016-02
Interim Consolidated Financial Information
Right of use asset	22,000
Lease liability	$ 22,000

XML

Revenue Recognition (Revenue by customer and timing recognitions) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) item	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Retained Earnings	$ 130,176		$ 136,765
Net sales	93,187	$ 83,964
Independent dealer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	58,860	51,321
Government
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	15,529	13,821
Fleet
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	14,952	14,352
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	3,846	4,470
Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	67,840	60,627
Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 25,347	23,337
Work Truck Attachments
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Number of revenue streams | item	2
Net sales	$ 25,817	24,596
Work Truck Attachments | Independent dealer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	25,817	24,596
Work Truck Attachments | Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 25,817	24,596
Work Truck Solutions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Number of revenue streams | item	4
Net sales	$ 67,370	59,368
Work Truck Solutions | Independent dealer
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	33,043	26,725
Work Truck Solutions | Government
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	15,529	13,821
Work Truck Solutions | Fleet
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	14,952	14,352
Work Truck Solutions | Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	3,846	4,470
Work Truck Solutions | Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	42,023	36,031
Work Truck Solutions | Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	25,347	23,337
Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) | ASC 2014-09 | Work Truck Solutions | Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 145	$ 294

XML

Revenue Recognition (Contract Balances) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Changes in contract liabilities
Balance at Beginning of Period	$ 2,006	$ 2,048
Additions	2,335	1,819
Deductions	(2,041)	(1,648)
Balance at End of Period	2,300	2,219
Contract assets	0
Revenue recognized included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period	$ 372	$ 279

XML

Fair Value - Assets and Liabilities on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Assets:
Other long-term assets	$ 6,623	$ 5,064
Total Assets	6,623	5,064
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	3,484	2,031
Long term debt	248,012	269,739
Total Liabilities	253,740	274,322
Henderson
Liabilities:
Earnout	44	352
Dejana
Liabilities:
Earnout	$ 2,200	$ 2,200

XML

Fair Value - Fair Value Liability Reconciliation (Details) - Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Henderson
Fair value liability reconciliation
Derivative Liability, Current		$ 33
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent		442
Dejana
Fair value liability reconciliation
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent		3,100
Level 2
Fair value liability reconciliation
Derivative Liability, Current	$ 379		$ 127
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent	3,105		$ 1,904
Level 3 | Henderson
Reconciliation of liability related to earnout
Balance at the beginning of the period	352	529
Adjustments to fair value	(217)
Payments to former owners	(91)	(54)
Balance at the end of the period	44	475
Earnout, portion in other current liabilities	44
Level 3 | Dejana
Reconciliation of liability related to earnout
Balance at the beginning of the period	2,200	3,100
Balance at the end of the period	2,200	$ 3,100
Earnout, portion in other long term liabilities	$ 2,200

XML

Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Inventories
Finished goods	$ 69,623	$ 43,192
Work-in-process	8,021	7,357
Raw material and supplies	33,581	31,447
Inventories	111,225	81,996
Inventories - truck chassis floor plan	$ 7,382	$ 4,204

XML

Property, plant and equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	$ 114,119	$ 113,508
Less accumulated depreciation	(60,302)	(58,313)
Net property, plant and equipment	53,817	55,195
Land
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	2,378	2,378
Land improvements
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	4,450	4,357
Leasehold Improvements
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	4,087	4,079
Buildings
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	28,616	28,238
Machinery and equipment
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	50,703	50,129
Furniture and fixtures
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	16,457	16,360
Mobile equipment and other
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	4,883	4,883
Construction-in-process
Property, plant and equipment
Total property, plant and equipment	$ 2,545	$ 3,084

XML

Leases Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Options to extend	true
Renewal term	10 years
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining lease terms	1 year
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining lease terms	17 years

XML

Leases - Components of Lease and supplemental cash flow information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Lease Expense
Operating lease expense	$ 1,132
Short term lease cost	100
Total lease cost	1,232
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	765
Non-cash lease expense - right-of-use assets	785
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$ 56

XML

Leases - Supplemental Balance sheet information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases
Operating lease - right of use asset	$ 21,537
Other current liabilities	3,335
Operating lease liabilities	18,222
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 21,557
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	87 months
Weighted Average Discount Rate	5.35%

XML

Leases - Maturities (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Maturities of leases
2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)	$ 3,288
2020	3,936
2021	3,657
2022	3,267
2023	2,879
Thereafter	8,617
Total lease payments	25,644
Less: imputed interest	(4,087)
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 21,557

XML

Leases - Related party leases (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) lease	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2018 under ASC 840
2019		$ 4,259
2020		3,904
2021		3,614
2022		3,199
2023		2,704
Thereafter		5,910
Total lease obligations		23,590
Related Party
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of operating leases | lease	9
Total rent expense to related parties	$ 534
Amounts owed to related parties	$ 0
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2018 under ASC 840
2019		2,250
2020		2,250
2021		2,250
2022		2,250
2023		2,130
Thereafter		4,410
Total lease obligations		15,540
Third Party
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2018 under ASC 840
2019		2,009
2020		1,654
2021		1,364
2022		949
2023		574
Thereafter		1,500
Total lease obligations		$ 8,050

XML

Other Intangible Asset - Summary (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	$ 198,075	$ 198,075
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	103,738	100,997
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Total	94,337	97,078
Intangible Assets, Gross (Excluding Goodwill), Total	275,675	275,675
Net Carrying Amount	171,937	174,678
Dealer network
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	80,000	80,000
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	60,000	59,000
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Total	20,000	21,000
Customer relations
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	80,920	80,920
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	17,935	16,607
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Total	62,985	64,313
Patents
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	21,136	21,136
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	12,288	11,974
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Total	8,848	9,162
Noncompete agreements
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	8,640	8,640
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	7,952	7,877
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Total	688	763
Trademark
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	5,459	5,459
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	3,643	3,619
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Total	1,816	1,840
Backlog
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	1,900	1,900
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	1,900	1,900
License
Other intangible assets
Amortizable intangibles, gross carrying amount	20	20
Amortizable intangibles, accumulated amortization	20	20
Trademark and tradenames
Other intangible assets
Indefinite-lived intangibles, net carrying amount	$ 77,600	$ 77,600

XML

Other Intangible Asset - Estimated Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Other Intangible Assets
Intangibles amortization	$ 2,741	$ 2,871
Estimated amortization expense for the next five years
2019	8,216
2020	10,932
2021	10,670
2022	10,520
2023	10,520
2024	$ 7,520

XML

Long-Term Debt - Summary (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Feb. 13, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Long-term debt
Less current maturities		$ 2,749	$ 32,749
Long-term debt, less current maturities		242,465	242,946
Deferred financing costs, net		2,180	2,386
Total long-term debt		242,465	242,946
Long-term debt, additional disclosure
Inventories - truck chassis floor plan		7,382	4,204
Term loan facility
Long-term debt
Term Loan, net of debt discount		247,394	278,081
Less current maturities		2,749	32,749
Long-term debt, less current maturities		244,645	245,332
Long-term debt, additional disclosure
Unamortized discount on issuance of debt		1,074	1,172
Outstanding borrowings		247,394	278,081
Revolving credit facility
Long-term debt, additional disclosure
Outstanding borrowings		$ 16,000	0
Senior credit facilities | Term loan facility
Long-term debt, additional disclosure
Percentage of net cash proceeds of certain asset sales, certain insurance or condemnation events, requirement for additional principal prepayments		100.00%
Percentage of excess cash flow paid as additional principal prepayments		50.00%
Reduced percentage of excess cash flow paid as additional principal prepayments upon achievement of certain leverage ratio thresholds, one		0.00%
Voluntary payment	$ 30,000
Senior credit facilities | Term loan facility | Maximum
Long-term debt, additional disclosure
Period before end of the fiscal year, for additional principal prepayments of debt, from excess cash flow		150 days
Senior credit facilities | Revolving credit facility
Long-term debt, additional disclosure
Remaining borrowing availability		$ 54,645	$ 94,631

XML

Long-Term Debt - Swaps (Details) $ in Thousands	Feb. 20, 2015 USD ($) contract	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of interest rate swap agreements | contract	3
Inventories - truck chassis floor plan		$ 7,382	$ 4,204
Interest rate swap
Derivative [Line Items]
Negative fair value		$ 3,484	2,031
Number of financial institutions for which the entity is exposed to counterparty credit risk | item		1
Interest rate swap | Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Negative fair value		$ 379	127
Interest rate swap | Other Noncurrent Liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Negative fair value		$ 3,105	$ 1,904
Interest Rate Swap Effective 31 December 2015 through 29 March 2018
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	$ 45,000
Interest rate		1.86%
Interest Rate Swap Effective 31 December 2015 through 29 March 2018 | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Derivative [Line Items]
LIBOR floor (as a percent)		1.00%
Interest Rate Swap Effective 29 March 2018 through 31 March 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	90,000
Interest rate		2.67%
LIBOR floor (as a percent)		1.00%
Interest Rate Swap Effective 29 March 2018 through 31 March 2020 | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Derivative [Line Items]
LIBOR floor (as a percent)				1.00%
Interest Rate Swap Effective 31 March 2020 through 30 June 2021
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	$ 135,000
Interest rate		2.918%
Interest Rate Swap Effective 31 March 2020 through 30 June 2021 | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Derivative [Line Items]
LIBOR floor (as a percent)		1.00%
Interest rate swap effective December 31, 2018 through June 30, 2021
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount		$ 50
Interest rate		2.613%
Interest rate swap effective June 30, 2021 through December 10, 2021
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount		$ 150
Interest rate swap effective June 30, 2021 through December 10, 2021 | Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Interest rate		2.793%

XML

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Payroll and related costs	$ 5,468	$ 9,607
Employee benefits	5,340	5,281
Accrued warranty	3,140	3,662
Other	4,462	4,756
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 18,410	$ 23,306

XML

Warranty Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Warranty liability
Period of warranty history used in estimating warranty costs	5 years
Other long-term liabilities	$ 17,065		$ 14,856
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	18,410		23,306
Company's warranty liability:
Balance at the beginning of the period	6,174	$ 5,677
Warranty provision	561	662
Claims paid/settlements	(1,644)	(1,709)
Balance at the end of the period	5,091	$ 4,630
Warranty Reserves
Warranty liability
Other long-term liabilities	1,951		2,512
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 3,140		$ 3,662
Snow and ice control equipment
Warranty liability
Warranty period	2 years
Parts and accessories
Warranty liability
Warranty period	1 year
Certain snowplows
Warranty liability
Warranty period	1 year

XML

Employee Retirement Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Pension plan
Components of net periodic cost:
Service cost		$ 102
Interest cost	$ 410	389
Expected return on plan assets	(294)	(475)
Amortization of net (gain) loss	149	176
Net periodic pension cost	265	192
Employer contributions during the period	0	14
Pension plan | Minimum
Components of net periodic cost:
Estimated total required contributions	0
Other postretirement benefit cost
Components of net periodic cost:
Service cost	37	47
Interest cost	63	58
Amortization of net (gain) loss	(78)	(52)
Net periodic pension cost	$ 22	$ 53

XML

Loss per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Basic loss per common share
Net loss	$ (297)	$ (1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities	(4)	(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$ (293)	$ (1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding	22,729,084	22,623,518
Basic loss per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.01)	$ (0.08)
Loss per common share assuming dilution
Net loss	$ (297)	$ (1,876)
Less loss allocated to participating securities	(4)	(26)
Net loss allocated to common shareholders	$ (293)	$ (1,850)
Weighted average common shares outstanding	22,729,084	22,623,518
Weighted average common shares assuming dilution	22,729,084	22,623,518
Loss per common share assuming dilution (in dollars per share)	$ (0.01)	$ (0.08)
Restricted stock units
Loss per common share assuming dilution
Potentially dilutive non-participating securities	31,389	11,716

XML

Employee Stock Plans - Summary of Restricted Stock Awards and Units (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
2010 Plan | Common Stock
Stock-based compensation
Maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued	2,130,000
Restricted stock units
Shares
Unvested at the beginning of the period (in shares)	45,599
Granted (in shares)	47,360
Vested (in shares)	(35,113)
Unvested at the end of the period (in shares)	57,846	45,599
Expected to vest in the future, at the end of the period (in shares)	57,846
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 33.28
Granted (in dollars per share)	36.48
Vested (in dollars per share)	32.64
Unvested at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	36.46	$ 33.28
Expected to vest in the future, at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 36.46
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term
Unvested at the beginning of the period	1 year 5 months 19 days	1 year 3 months 26 days
Granted	1 year 1 month 21 days
Unvested at the end of the period	1 year 5 months 19 days	1 year 3 months 26 days
Expected to vest in future, at the end of the period	1 year 5 months 19 days

XML

Employee Stock Plans - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) item shares	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Income tax benefit	$ (463)	$ (1,262)
Performance Share Unit Awards
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Compensation expenses recognized	294	491
Unrecognized compensation expense, net of expected forfeitures, calculated under the fair value method for shares expected to vest	$ 1,729
Restricted stock units
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Vesting period of awards	2 years
Restricted stock units | Non-employee director
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Number of shares issued upon exercise of units other than options | shares	1
Restricted stock units | 2010 Plan
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Compensation expenses recognized	$ 760	929
Unrecognized compensation expense, net of expected forfeitures, calculated under the fair value method for shares expected to vest	$ 1,808
Minimum age of employee, attaining which awards are continued to be vested upon retirement | item	65
Minimum service period, upon serving which awards are continued to be vested upon retirement	10 years
Minimum age of employee along with service period condition, attaining which awards are continued to be vested upon retirement | item	55
Maximum period following a termination of service in which the share-based award will be settled	2 months 15 days
Restricted stock units | 2010 Plan | Management
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Accelerated stock based compensation expense	$ 343	$ 742
Restricted stock units | 2010 Plan | Common Stock
Additional Employee Stock Plans Information
Number of shares issued upon exercise of units other than options | shares	1

XML

Segments (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) segment customer	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments | segment	2
Number of operating segments | segment	2
Number of customers | customer	0
Net sales	$ 93,187	$ 83,964
Adjusted EBITDA	9,019	7,088
Depreciation and amortization expense	4,808	4,701
Assets	676,019	640,639	$ 676,193
Capital Expenditures	769	1,307
Capital Expenditures including adjustments to accruals and payables	688	782
Work Truck Attachments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	25,817	24,596
Work Truck Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	67,370	59,368
Operating segment | Work Truck Attachments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	25,817	24,596
Adjusted EBITDA	2,284	4,385
Depreciation and amortization expense	2,538	2,340
Assets	330,731	327,780
Capital Expenditures	611	649
Operating segment | Work Truck Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	67,370	59,368
Adjusted EBITDA	6,735	2,703
Depreciation and amortization expense	2,270	2,361
Assets	345,288	312,859
Capital Expenditures	$ 77	$ 133

XML

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Income Taxes
Effective tax rate (as a percent)	(60.90%)	(40.20%)
Excess tax benefits from stock compensation	$ 312	$ 530

XML

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component - Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ (6,049)	$ (6,572)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications	(1,111)	711
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	89	113
Balance at the end of the period	(7,071)	(5,748)
Unrealized Net Loss on Interest Rate Swap
Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Balance at the beginning of the period	(1,530)	(1,328)
Other comprehensive gain before reclassifications	(1,111)	711
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	36	21
Balance at the end of the period	(2,605)	(596)
Other Postretirement Benefit Liability
Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Balance at the beginning of the period	2,118	1,392
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	(58)	(38)
Balance at the end of the period	2,060	1,354
Pension Liability
Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Balance at the beginning of the period	(6,637)	(6,636)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	110	130
Balance at the end of the period	$ (6,527)	$ (6,506)

XML

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component - Reclassifications (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Interest expense, net	$ 4,150	$ 3,945
Tax expense (benefit)	(463)	(1,262)
Reclassification net of tax	293	1,850
Interest rate swap | Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Interest expense, net		29
Tax expense (benefit)		(8)
Reclassification net of tax		21
Other Postretirement Benefit Liability | Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Actuarial (gains) losses	(78)	(52)
Tax expense (benefit)	20	14
Reclassification net of tax	(58)	(38)
Pension Liability | Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Actuarial (gains) losses	149	176
Tax expense (benefit)	(39)	(46)
Reclassification net of tax	110	$ 130
Unrealized Net Loss on Interest Rate Swap | Interest rate swap
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Interest expense, net	49
Tax expense (benefit)	(13)
Reclassification net of tax	$ 36