4. LEASES

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. A lease exists when a contract conveys to the customer the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The definition of a lease embodies two conditions: (1) there is an identified asset in the contract that is land or a depreciable asset, and (2) the customer has the right to control the use of the identified asset.

The Company leases equipment and office space pursuant to net operating leases. Operating leases where the Company is the lessee are included in “Operating lease right of use assets” and “Operating lease liabilities” on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The lease liabilities are initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date.

Key estimates and judgments include how the Company determined (1) the discount rate used to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value, (2) lease term and (3) lease payments. ASC 842, Leases (ASC 842) requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest the Company would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. Additionally, the Company applies a portfolio approach to determine the discount rate (the incremental borrowing rate for leases with similar characteristics). The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The lease term includes the noncancellable period of the lease plus any additional periods covered by either a lessee option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise, or an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease controlled by the lessor. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease asset or liability comprise the following, when applicable: fixed payments (including in‑substance fixed payments), variable payments that depend on an index or rate, and the exercise price of a lessee option to purchase the underlying asset if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise.

The right of use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. For the Company’s operating leases, the right of use asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight‑line basis over the lease term.

Variable lease payments associated with the Company’s leases are recognized when the event, activity, or circumstance in the lease agreement on which those payments are assessed occurs. Variable lease payments, when applicable, are presented as “Gathering and other” or “General and administrative” in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations in the same line item as the expense arising from the fixed lease payments on the operating leases.

The Company has lease agreements which include lease and nonlease components and the Company has elected to combine lease and nonlease components, when fixed, for all lease contracts. Nonlease components include common area maintenance charges on office leases and, when applicable, services associated with equipment leases. The Company determines whether the lease or nonlease component is the predominant component on a case‑by‑case basis.

The Company reviews its right of use assets for impairment in accordance with ASC 360. ASC 360 requires the Company to evaluate right of use assets for impairment as events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value below the carrying amount. If the carrying amount is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows, then the Company would recognize an impairment loss for the difference between the carrying amount and the current fair value.

The Company monitors for events or changes in circumstances that would require a reassessment of a lease. When a reassessment results in the remeasurement of a lease liability, an adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the corresponding right of use asset unless doing so would reduce the carrying amount of the right of use asset to an amount less than zero. In that case, the amount of the adjustment that would result in a negative right of use asset balance is recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Company elected not to recognize right of use assets and lease liabilities for all short‑term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with its short‑term leases as an expense on a straight‑line basis over the lease term. Variable lease payments associated with these leases are recognized and presented in the same manner as for all other leases.

The Company leases equipment and office space under operating leases. The Company has no leases that meet the criteria for classification as a finance lease. The operating leases outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (Successor) have initial lease terms ranging from 2 to 5 years. Payments due under the lease contracts include fixed payments plus, in some instances, variable payments. The table below summarizes the Company’s leases for the three months ended March 31, 2020 (Successor) and 2019 (Predecessor) (in thousands, except years and discount rate):


	Successor			Predecessor
	Three Months			Three Months
	Ended			Ended
	March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Lease cost
Operating lease costs	$	260		$	644
Short-term lease costs		12,258			5,718
Variable lease costs		210			425
Total lease costs	$	12,728		$	6,787

Other information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	254		$	1,229
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		—			5,462
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases		3.3	years		3.6	years
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases		3.70	%		4.83	%

Refer to Note 3, “Fresh-start Accounting,” for a discussion of the valuation approach used to record the right of use asset at fair value as of October 1, 2019.

Future minimum lease payments associated with the Company’s non-cancellable operating leases for office space and equipment as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (Successor), are presented in the table below (in thousands):


Operating Leases	Successor
	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Remaining period in 2020	$	768	$	1,022
2021		876		876
2022		574		574
2023		585		585
2024		345		345
Thereafter		—		—
Total operating lease payments		3,148		3,402
Less: discount to present value		204		232
Total operating lease liabilities		2,944		3,170
Less: current operating lease liabilities		935		923
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	$	2,009	$	2,247