Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

4. Fair Value Measurements

The following table summarizes the valuation of the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value as categorized based on the hierarchy described in Note 2.

	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
As of December 31, 2019
Money market funds	$	99,755	$	—		$	—	$	99,755
Securities available-for-sale
Corporate debt		—		137,835			—		137,835
Trading securities
Corporate debt		—		31,120			—		31,120
U.S. Treasuries		—		55,305			—		55,305
Mutual funds held in rabbi trust		—		6,217			—		6,217
Foreign currency forward position		—		(2,772	)		—		(2,772	)
Total	$	99,755	$	227,705		$	—	$	327,460

As of December 31, 2018
Money market funds	$	112,529	$	—		$	—	$	112,529
Securities available-for-sale
Corporate debt		—		146,966			—		146,966
Trading securities
Corporate debt		—		71,861			—		71,861
U.S. Treasuries		—		17,178			—		17,178
Mutual funds held in rabbi trust		—		4,100			—		4,100
Foreign currency forward position		—		(1,021	)		—		(1,021	)
Total	$	112,529	$	239,084		$	—	$	351,613

Securities classified within Level 2 were valued using a market approach utilizing prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable assets. The foreign currency forward contracts are classified within Level 2 as the valuation inputs are based on quoted market prices. The mutual funds held in a rabbi trust represent investments associated with the Company’s deferred cash incentive plan. There were no financial assets classified within Level 3 during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the net investment in the Company’s U.K. subsidiaries. The Company designates each foreign currency forward contract as a hedge and assesses the risk management objective and strategy, including identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item and the risk exposure and how effectiveness is to be assessed prospectively and retrospectively. These hedges are for a one-month period and are used to limit exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The fair value of the asset is included in prepaid expenses and other assets and the fair value of the liability is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. A summary of the foreign currency forward position is as follows:

	As of December 31,
	2019			2018
	(In thousands)
Notional value	$	155,885		$	106,306
Fair value of notional		158,657			107,327
Fair value of the (liability)	$	(2,772	)	$	(1,021	)

The following is a summary of the Company’s investments:

	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Estimated fair value
	(In thousands)
As of December 31, 2019
Securities available-for-sale
Corporate debt	$	137,119	$	721	$	(5	)	$	137,835
Trading securities
Corporate debt		31,120		14		(14	)		31,120
U.S. Treasuries		54,738		567		—			55,305
Mutual funds held in rabbi trust		5,173		1,044		—			6,217
Total trading securities		91,031		1,625		(14	)		92,642
Total investments	$	228,150	$	2,346	$	(19	)	$	230,477

As of December 31, 2018
Securities available-for-sale
Corporate debt	$	147,556	$	27	$	(617	)	$	146,966
Trading securities
Corporate debt		72,274		8		(421	)		71,861
U.S. Treasuries		16,953		225		—			17,178
Mutual funds held in rabbi trust		4,347		—		(247	)		4,100
Total trading securities		93,574		233		(668	)		93,139
Total investments	$	241,130	$	260	$	(1,285	)	$	240,105

The following table summarizes the fair value of the investments based upon the contractual maturities:

	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
	(In thousands)
Less than one year	$	120,850	$	134,255
Due in 1 - 5 years		109,627		105,850
Total	$	230,477	$	240,105

Proceeds from the sales and maturities of investments during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $262.1 million, $409.3 million and $219.2 million, respectively. Net unrealized gains on trading securities were $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and were immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. Net realized gains and losses were immaterial for the three years ended December 31, 2019.

The following table provides fair values and unrealized losses on corporate debt investments and by the aging of the securities' continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively:

	Less than Twelve Months					Twelve Months or More					Total
	Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Estimated fair value		Gross unrealized losses
	(In thousands)
As of December 31, 2019
Corporate debt	$	27,999	$	(18	)	$	4,406	$	(1	)	$	32,405	$	(19	)

As of December 31, 2018
Corporate debt	$	80,282	$	(256	)	$	87,028	$	(782	)	$	167,310	$	(1,038	)

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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