UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

for the transition period from              to                    

Commission File Number 001-38103

JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Jersey, Channel Islands (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	98-1376360 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
201 Bishopsgate London, United Kingdom (Address of principal executive offices)	EC2M3AE (Zip Code)

+44 (0) 20 7818 1818

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.50 Per Share Par Value	JHG	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “non-accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ☒ Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-Accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company ☐ Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 1, 2023, there were 165,657,905 shares of the Company’s common stock, $1.50 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(U.S. Dollars in Millions, Except Share Data)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2023			2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	843.5		$	1,162.3
Investment securities		388.2			261.6
Fees and other receivables		263.3			252.9
OEIC and unit trust receivables		195.7			65.7
Assets of consolidated VIEs:
Cash and cash equivalents		18.8			14.1
Investment securities		462.0			334.3
Other current assets		5.6			3.6
Other current assets		115.9			120.3
Total current assets		2,293.0			2,214.8
Non-current assets:
Property, equipment and software, net		49.8			51.8
Intangible assets, net		2,422.2			2,414.7
Goodwill		1,269.7			1,253.1
Retirement benefit asset, net		101.0			97.9
Other non-current assets		220.4			205.5
Total assets	$	6,356.1		$	6,237.8
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	218.5		$	232.6
Current portion of accrued compensation, benefits and staff costs		151.2			300.8
OEIC and unit trust payables		202.8			72.8
Liabilities of consolidated VIEs:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		3.9			4.3
Total current liabilities		576.4			610.5
Non-current liabilities:
Accrued compensation, benefits and staff costs		22.8			46.9
Long-term debt		306.8			307.5
Deferred tax liabilities, net		576.4			574.6
Retirement benefit obligations, net		3.1			3.0
Other non-current liabilities		95.2			98.8
Total liabilities		1,580.7			1,641.3
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 15)
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS		384.7			233.9
EQUITY
Common stock, $1.50 par value; 480,000,000 shares authorized, and 165,657,905 and 165,657,905 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively		248.5			248.5
Additional paid-in capital		3,663.4			3,706.6
Treasury shares, 43,318 and 312,469 shares held at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively		(1.1	)		(8.3	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax		(606.3	)		(647.7	)
Retained earnings		1,083.4			1,060.7
Total shareholders’ equity		4,387.9			4,359.8
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests		2.8			2.8
Total equity		4,390.7			4,362.6
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity	$	6,356.1		$	6,237.8

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(U.S. Dollars in Millions, Except per Share Data)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Revenue:
Management fees	$	414.6		$	514.0
Performance fees		(14.9	)		(8.4	)
Shareowner servicing fees		51.5			62.4
Other revenue		44.6			52.0
Total revenue		495.8			620.0
Operating expenses:
Employee compensation and benefits		140.3			164.6
Long-term incentive plans		55.5			51.4
Distribution expenses		112.0			141.8
Investment administration		11.6			14.8
Marketing		8.8			7.4
General, administrative and occupancy		61.1			73.1
Depreciation and amortization		6.1			9.5
Total operating expenses		395.4			462.6
Operating income:		100.4			157.4
Interest expense		(3.1	)		(3.2	)
Investment gains (losses), net		17.6			(32.2	)
Other non-operating income (expenses), net		7.1			(7.8	)
Income before taxes		122.0			114.2
Income tax provision		(26.0	)		(30.7	)
Net income		96.0			83.5
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(8.6	)		20.1
Net income attributable to JHG	$	87.4		$	103.6
Earnings per share attributable to JHG common shareholders:
Basic	$	0.53		$	0.62
Diluted	$	0.53		$	0.61
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation gains (losses)	$	44.5		$	(47.0	)
Actuarial gains		0.1			0.1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		44.6			(46.9	)
Other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(3.2	)		(0.2	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to JHG	$	41.4		$	(47.1	)
Total comprehensive income	$	140.6		$	36.6
Total comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(11.8	)		19.9
Total comprehensive income attributable to JHG	$	128.8		$	56.5

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(U.S. Dollars in Millions)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED FOR):
Operating activities:
Net income	$	96.0		$	83.5
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used for operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		6.1			9.5
Deferred income taxes		1.0			8.1
Stock-based compensation plan expense		21.6			22.6
Loss on sale of Intech		-			9.1
Investment losses (gains), net		(17.6	)		32.2
Contributions to pension plans in excess of costs recognized		(0.4	)		(0.1	)
Other, net		(1.4	)		11.3
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
OEIC and unit trust receivables and payables		-			(0.6	)
Other assets		(22.1	)		(1.1	)
Other accruals and liabilities		(191.4	)		(232.0	)
Net operating activities		(108.2	)		(57.5	)
Investing activities:
Sales (purchases) of:
Investment securities, net		(107.5	)		(34.2	)
Property, equipment and software		(2.0	)		(2.9	)
Investment securities by consolidated seeded investment products, net		(123.2	)		13.0
Cash received (paid) on settled seed capital hedges, net		(3.1	)		11.7
Dividends received from equity-method investments		0.7			0.5
Long-term note with Intech		-			(10.0	)
Proceeds from sale of Intech		-			5.0
Net investing activities		(235.1	)		(16.9	)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans		-			0.5
Purchase of common stock for stock-based compensation plans		(57.5	)		(94.5	)
Purchase of common stock for share buyback program		-			(43.3	)
Dividends paid to shareholders		(64.7	)		(64.3	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		-			(1.3	)
Third-party sales (purchases) in consolidated seeded investment products, net		136.2			(11.7	)
Principal payments under capital lease obligations		(0.2	)		(0.2	)
Net financing activities		13.8			(214.8	)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes		15.4			(16.0	)
Net change		(314.1	)		(305.2	)
At beginning of period		1,176.4			1,118.6
At end of period	$	862.3		$	813.4
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	7.3		$	7.3
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	$	14.1		$	18.4
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	843.5		$	800.8
Cash and cash equivalents held in consolidated VIEs		18.8			12.6
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	862.3		$	813.4

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Amounts in Millions)

											Accumulated
					Additional						other						Nonredeemable
	Number of		Common		paid-in			Treasury			comprehensive			Retained			noncontrolling		Total
Three months ended March 31, 2023	shares		stock		capital			shares			loss			earnings			interests		equity
Balance at January 1, 2023		165.7	$	248.5	$	3,706.6		$	(8.3	)	$	(647.7	)	$	1,060.7		$	2.8	$	4,362.6
Net income		—		—		—			—			—			87.4			—		87.4
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—			—			41.4			—			—		41.4
Dividends paid to shareholders ($0.39 per share)		—		—		—			—			—			(64.7	)		—		(64.7	)
Purchase of common stock for stock-based compensation plans		—		—		(57.3	)		(0.2	)		—			—			—		(57.5	)
Vesting of stock-based compensation plans		—		—		(7.5	)		7.4			—			—			—		(0.1	)
Stock-based compensation plan expense		—		—		21.6			—			—			—			—		21.6
Balance at March 31, 2023		165.7	$	248.5	$	3,663.4		$	(1.1	)	$	(606.3	)	$	1,083.4		$	2.8	$	4,390.7

													Accumulated
							Additional						other						Nonredeemable
	Number of			Common			paid-in			Treasury			comprehensive			Retained			noncontrolling			Total
Three months ended March 31, 2022	shares			stock			capital			shares			loss			earnings			interests			equity
Balance at January 1, 2022		169.0		$	253.6		$	3,771.8		$	(55.1	)	$	(387.0	)	$	1,040.2		$	15.4		$	4,638.9
Net income		—			—			—			—			—			103.6			—			103.6
Other comprehensive loss		—			—			—			—			(47.1	)		—			—			(47.1	)
Dividends paid to shareholders ($0.38 per share)		—			—			—			—			—			(64.3	)		—			(64.3	)
Purchase of common stock from share buyback program		(1.2	)		(1.9	)		—			—			—			(41.4	)		—			(43.3	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests		—			—			—			—			—			—			(1.0	)		(1.0	)
Sale of Intech		—			—			—			—			—			—			(11.6	)		(11.6	)
Fair value adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interests		—			—			—			—			—			1.4			—			1.4
Purchase of common stock for stock-based compensation plans		—			—			(94.1	)		(0.4	)		—			—			—			(94.5	)
Vesting of stock-based compensation plans		—			—			(15.2	)		15.2			—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation plan expense		—			—			21.9			—			—			—			—			21.9
Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans		—			—			0.5			—			—			—			—			0.5
Balance at March 31, 2022		167.8		$	251.7		$	3,684.9		$	(40.3	)	$	(434.1	)	$	1,039.5		$	2.8		$	4,504.5

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 

4

JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management of Janus Henderson Group plc (“JHG,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms), the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary to fairly state our financial position, results of operations and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are not required for interim reporting purposes and have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and notes presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Events subsequent to the balance sheet date have been evaluated for inclusion in the accompanying financial statements through the issuance date.

Revision of Previously Issued Financial Statements

In conjunction with the preparation of our third quarter 2022 financial statements, we identified immaterial errors in our previously issued 2021 and 2020 financial statements and interim 2022 financial statements. We determined that the errors, individually and in the aggregate, did not result in a material misstatement to our previously issued consolidated financial statements, however, correcting the errors in the 2022 financial statements would create a material error in the 2022 financial statements and therefore, we have corrected these errors by revising the prior period amounts included in certain Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity and related footnote disclosures.

In the first quarter 2020, we recognized a $123.5 million goodwill impairment expense. Subsequent to the first quarter 2020, we identified a $32.8 million accounting error in which we did not consider the incremental impairment charge related to the tax-deductible goodwill. We corrected this error in the first quarter 2022 as an out-of-period adjustment. In conjunction with the preparation of the third quarter 2022 financial statements, certain additional unrelated immaterial errors were identified related to prior periods.

The following table presents line items for the financial statements for the three-month period ended March 31, 2022, that was affected by the revision. For these line items, the table details the amounts as previously reported, the impact upon those line items due to the revisions and the amounts as currently revised within the financial statements. The impact of the revisions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022, was immaterial. Also, the revisions did not impact net operating activities, investing activities and financing activities on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for any impacted period.

5

 

The impact of the error on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2022, is as follows (in millions, except per share data):

	Three months ended March 31, 2022
	As previously reported			Impact of revisions			As revised
Operating expenses:
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	$	32.8		$	(32.8	)	$	—
Total operating expenses		495.4			(32.8	)		462.6
Operating income (loss)		124.6			32.8			157.4
Income (loss) before taxes		81.4			32.8			114.2
Income tax benefit (provision)		(22.8	)		(7.9	)		(30.7	)
Net income (loss)		58.6			24.9			83.5
Net income (loss) attributable to JHG	$	78.7		$	24.9		$	103.6
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to JHG common shareholders:
Basic	$	0.47		$	0.15		$	0.62
Diluted	$	0.47		$	0.14		$	0.61
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	11.7		$	24.9		$	36.6
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to JHG	$	31.6		$	24.9		$	56.5

Note 2 — Dispositions

On February 3, 2022, we announced the strategic decision to sell our 97%-owned Quantitative Equities subsidiary, Intech Investment Management LLC (“Intech”), to a consortium composed of Intech management and certain Intech non-executive directors (“Management Buyout”). On March 31, 2022, the Management Buyout closed and we recognized a $9.1 million loss on disposal of Intech. The loss is recognized in other non-operating income (expenses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Consideration received as part of the Management Buyout included cash proceeds of $14.9 million; contingent consideration of up to $17.5 million, which is based on future Intech revenue; and an option agreement that provides JHG the option to purchase a certain equity stake in Intech at a predetermined price on or before the seventh anniversary of the Management Buyout. 

The terms of the transaction also included a $20.0 million seven-year term note subject to two tranches. Intech borrowed the first tranche of $10.0 million at closing while the second tranche of $10.0 million is available to Intech, subject to certain restrictions. The outstanding principal on the note receivable was $14.6 million as of March 31, 2023, which includes $0.6 million of accrued interest. The first tranche of the term note pays interest at 5.5%, while the second tranche pays interest at 6.0%.

6

 

Note 3 — Consolidation

Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

Our consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, include certain consolidated seeded investment products in which we have an investment and act as the investment manager. Third-party assets held in consolidated VIEs are not available to us or to our creditors. We may not, under any circumstances, access third-party assets held by consolidated VIEs to use in our operating activities or otherwise. In addition, the investors in these consolidated VIEs have no recourse to the credit of JHG.

Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities

As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of investment securities included on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets pertaining to unconsolidated VIEs was insignificant. Our total exposure to unconsolidated VIEs represents the value of our economic ownership interest in the investment securities.

Voting Rights Entities

Consolidated Voting Rights Entities

The following table presents the balances related to consolidated voting rights entities (“VREs”) that were recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, including our net interest in these products (in millions):

	March 31,			December 31,
	2023			2022
Investment securities	$	308.2		$	206.0
Cash and cash equivalents		14.1			5.8
Other current assets		6.7			1.8
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(2.9	)		(1.0	)
Total	$	326.1		$	212.6
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated VREs		(92.7	)		(35.1	)
JHG's net interest in consolidated VREs	$	233.4		$	177.5

Third-party assets held in consolidated VREs are not available to us or to our creditors. We may not, under any circumstances, access third-party assets held by consolidated VREs to use in our operating activities or otherwise. In addition, the investors in these consolidated VREs have no recourse to the credit of JHG.

Our total exposure to consolidated VREs represents the value of our economic ownership interest in these seeded investment products.

Unconsolidated Voting Rights Entities

As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of investment securities included on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets pertaining to unconsolidated VREs was insignificant. Our total exposure to unconsolidated VREs represents the value of our economic ownership interest in the investment securities.

7

  

Note 4 — Investment Securities

Our investment securities as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, are summarized as follows (in millions):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Seeded investment products:
Consolidated VIEs	$	462.0	$	334.3
Consolidated VREs		308.2		206.0
Unconsolidated VIEs and VREs		5.7		4.9
Separate accounts		52.6		29.7
Total seeded investment products		828.5		574.9
Investments related to deferred compensation plans		11.2		10.7
Other investments		10.5		10.3
Total investment securities	$	850.2	$	595.9

Trading Securities

Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities held as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, gross of noncontrolling interests, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, are summarized as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities held at period end	$	17.6	$	(32.2	)

Investment Gains (Losses), Net

Investment gains (losses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income included the following for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Seeded investment products and hedges, net	$	22.6		$	(11.5	)
Third-party ownership interests in seeded investment products		(8.6	)		(20.1	)
Long Tail Alpha investment		3.0			1.5
Deferred equity plan		—			(1.5	)
Other		0.6			(0.6	)
Investment gains (losses), net	$	17.6		$	(32.2	)

Gains and losses attributable to third-party ownership interests in seeded investment products are noncontrolling interests and are not included in net income attributable to JHG.

8

 

Cash Flows

Cash flows related to our investment securities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, are summarized as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended March 31,
	2023								2022
	Purchases			Sales,					Purchases			Sales,
	and			settlements and		Net			and			settlements and		Net
	settlements			maturities		cash flow			settlements			maturities		cash flow
Investment securities by consolidated seeded investment products	$	(142.3	)	$	19.1	$	(123.2	)	$	(3.9	)	$	16.9	$	13.0
Investment securities		(113.2	)		5.7		(107.5	)		(40.5	)		6.3		(34.2	)

Note 5 — Derivative Instruments

Derivative Instruments Used to Hedge Seeded Investment Products

We maintain an economic hedge program that uses derivative instruments to mitigate against market exposure of certain seeded investments by using index and commodity futures (“futures”), total return swaps and credit default swaps. Certain foreign currency exposures associated with our seeded investment products are also hedged by using foreign currency forward contracts and swaps.

We were party to the following derivative instruments as of March 31, 2023, and  December 31, 2022 (in millions):

	Notional value
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Futures	$	361.4	$	196.8
Credit default swaps		157.1		115.1
Total return swaps		40.7		37.2
Foreign currency forward contracts and swaps		180.6		131.7

The derivative instruments are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes. Changes in fair value of the derivatives are recognized in investment gains (losses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The change in fair value of the derivative instruments for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, are summarized as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Futures	$	(6.7	)	$	15.4
Credit default swaps		(1.9	)		2.3
Total return swaps		(6.0	)		7.4
Foreign currency forward contracts and swaps		4.5			(7.0	)
Total gains (losses) from derivative instruments	$	(10.1	)	$	18.1

9

 

Derivative assets and liabilities are generally recognized on a gross basis and included in other current assets or in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The derivative assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, are summarized as follows (in millions): ​

	Fair value
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Derivative assets	$	9.5	$	5.3
Derivative liabilities		13.4		4.0

In addition to using derivative instruments to mitigate against market exposure of certain seeded investments, we also engage in short sales of securities to hedge seed investments. As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the fair value of securities sold but not yet purchased was $1.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The cash received from the short sale and the obligation to repurchase the shares are classified in other current assets and in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively. Fair value adjustments are recognized in investment gains (losses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Derivative Instruments in Consolidated Seeded Investment Products

Certain of our consolidated seeded investment products utilize derivative instruments to contribute to the achievement of defined investment objectives. These derivative instruments are classified within other current assets or in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains and losses on these derivative instruments are classified within investment gains (losses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Our consolidated seeded investment products were party to the following derivative instruments as of March 31, 2023, and  December 31, 2022 (in millions):

	Notional value
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Futures	$	308.7	$	141.3
Credit default swaps		2.9		2.2
Total return swaps		10.0		10.4
Options		1.2		0.1
Foreign currency forward contracts and swaps		61.1		18.3

As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the derivative assets and liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were insignificant.​

Derivative Instruments — Foreign Currency Hedging Program

We maintain a foreign currency hedging program to take reasonable measures to minimize the income statement effects of foreign currency remeasurement of monetary balance sheet accounts. The program utilizes foreign currency forward contracts and swaps to achieve its objectives, and it is considered an economic hedge for accounting purposes.

The notional value of the foreign currency forward contracts and swaps as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, is summarized as follows (in millions):

	Notional value
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Foreign currency forward contracts and swaps	$	76.4	$	74.7

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The derivative assets and liabilities are generally recognized on a gross basis and included in other current assets or in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the derivative assets and liabilities were insignificant.

Changes in fair value of the derivatives are recognized in other non-operating income (expenses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Foreign currency remeasurement is also recognized in other non-operating income (expenses), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the change in fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts and swaps was insignificant.​

Note 6 — Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents assets and liabilities reflected in the financial statements or disclosed in the notes to the financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 (in millions):

	Fair value measurements using:
		Quoted prices in		Significant
	active markets for		other		Significant
	identical assets		observable		unobservable
	and liabilities		inputs		inputs
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	514.5	$	—	$	—	$	514.5
Investment securities:
Consolidated VIEs		306.2		150.8		5.0		462.0
Other investment securities		299.1		88.9		0.2		388.2
Total investment securities		605.3		239.7		5.2		850.2
Seed hedge derivatives		—		9.5		—		9.5
Derivatives used in consolidated seeded investment products		—		1.4		—		1.4
Derivatives used in foreign currency hedging program		—		0.7		—		0.7
Intech option agreement		—		—		0.4		0.4
Intech contingent consideration		—		—		12.0		12.0
Volantis contingent consideration		—		—		0.2		0.2
Total assets	$	1,119.8	$	251.3	$	17.8	$	1,388.9
Liabilities:
Derivatives used in consolidated seeded investment products	$	—	$	1.1	$	—	$	1.1
Derivatives used in foreign currency hedging program		—		0.4		—		0.4
Securities sold, not yet purchased		1.5		—		—		1.5
Seed hedge derivatives		—		13.4		—		13.4
Long-term debt(1)		—		297.9		—		297.9
Deferred bonuses		—		—		60.0		60.0
Total liabilities	$	1.5	$	312.8	$	60.0	$	374.3

(1) Carried at amortized cost and disclosed at fair value.

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The following table presents assets and liabilities reflected in the financial statements or disclosed in the notes to the financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis as of  December 31, 2022 (in millions):

	Fair value measurements using:
		Quoted prices in		Significant
	active markets for		other		Significant
	identical assets		observable		unobservable
	and liabilities		inputs		inputs
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	688.4	$	—	$	—	$	688.4
Investment securities:
Consolidated VIEs		275.4		54.0		4.9		334.3
Other investment securities		171.9		89.4		0.3		261.6
Total investment securities		447.3		143.4		5.2		595.9
Seed hedge derivatives		—		5.3		—		5.3
Derivatives used in consolidated seeded investment products		—		0.1		—		0.1
Derivatives used in foreign currency hedging program		—		0.4		—		0.4
Intech option agreement		—		—		0.8		0.8
Intech contingent consideration		—		—		12.1		12.1
Volantis contingent consideration		—		—		0.2		0.2
Total assets	$	1,135.7	$	149.2	$	18.3	$	1,303.2
Liabilities:
Derivatives used in consolidated seeded investment products	$	—	$	0.6	$	—	$	0.6
Derivatives used in foreign currency hedging program		—		1.1		—		1.1
Securities sold, not yet purchased		0.5		—		—		0.5
Seed hedge derivatives		—		4.0		—		4.0
Long-term debt(1)		—		295.4		—		295.4
Deferred bonuses		—		—		46.5		46.5
Total liabilities	$	0.5	$	301.1	$	46.5	$	348.1

(1) Carried at amortized cost and disclosed at fair value.

Level 1 Fair Value Measurements

Our Level 1 fair value measurements consist mostly of investments held by seeded investment products; investments in advised mutual funds; cash equivalents; and securities sold, not yet purchased with quoted market prices in active markets. The fair value level of consolidated investments held by seeded investment products is determined by the underlying securities of the product. The fair value level of unconsolidated investments held in seeded investment products is determined by the net asset value (“NAV”), which is considered a quoted price in an active market.

Level 2 Fair Value Measurements

Our Level 2 fair value measurements consist mostly of consolidated seeded investment products, derivative instruments and our long-term debt. The fair value of consolidated seeded investment products is determined by the underlying securities of the product. The fair value of our long-term debt is determined using recent trading activity, which is considered a Level 2 input.

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Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

Investment Securities

As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, certain securities within consolidated VIEs were valued using significant unobservable inputs, resulting in Level 3 classification.

Intech Option Agreement and Contingent Consideration

As of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the option agreement was $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively, and the fair value of the contingent consideration was $12.0 million and $12.1 million, respectively. Significant unobservable inputs were used to value the call option and contingent consideration, including revenue estimates, discount rate and volatility.

Deferred Bonuses

Deferred bonuses represent liabilities to employees over the vesting period that will be settled by investments in our products or cash. The significant unobservable inputs used to value the liabilities are investment designations and vesting periods.

Changes in Fair Value

Changes in fair value of our Level 3 assets for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in millions): ​

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Beginning of period fair value	$	18.3		$	8.8
Intech option agreement		—			3.9
Contingent consideration from sale of Intech		—			12.6
Fair value adjustments		(0.5	)		(1.5	)
Purchases of securities		—			(0.2	)
Sales of securities		—			(0.3	)
Foreign currency translation		—			(0.1	)
End of period fair value	$	17.8		$	23.2

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Changes in fair value of our individual Level 3 liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	Deferred			Deferred
	bonuses			bonuses
Beginning of period fair value	$	46.5		$	50.5
Fair value adjustments		1.5			(1.6	)
Vesting of deferred bonuses		(33.2	)		(21.6	)
Amortization of deferred bonuses		8.4			8.4
Foreign currency translation		1.0			(1.4	)
Additions		35.8			—
End of period fair value	$	60.0		$	34.3

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

Nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements include goodwill and intangible assets. We measure the fair value of goodwill and intangible assets on initial recognition using discounted cash flow (“DCF”) analysis that requires assumptions regarding projected future earnings and discount rates. Because of the significance of the unobservable inputs in the fair value measurements of these assets, such measurements are classified as Level 3.

Note 7 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The following tables present movements in our intangible assets and goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):

									Foreign
	December 31,								currency			March 31,
	2022			Amortization			Disposal		translation			2023
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Investment management agreements	$	2,046.5		$	—		$	—	$	8.1		$	2,054.6
Trademarks		360.0			—			—		—			360.0
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Client relationships		68.9			—			—		0.7			69.6
Accumulated amortization		(60.7	)		(0.5	)		—		(0.8	)		(62.0	)
Net intangible assets	$	2,414.7		$	(0.5	)	$	—	$	8.0		$	2,422.2
Goodwill	$	1,253.1		$	—		$	—	$	16.6		$	1,269.7

										Foreign
	December 31,									currency			March 31,
	2021			Amortization			Disposal			translation			2022
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Investment management agreements	$	2,114.8		$	—		$	—		$	(7.8	)	$	2,107.0
Trademarks		366.7			—			(4.7	)		—			362.0
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Client relationships		168.4			—			(84.8	)		0.1			83.7
Accumulated amortization		(107.2	)		(1.9	)		44.7			0.6			(63.8	)
Net intangible assets	$	2,542.7		$	(1.9	)	$	(44.8	)	$	(7.1	)	$	2,488.9
Goodwill	$	1,341.5		$	—		$	(7.0	)	$	(17.7	)	$	1,316.8

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Management Buyout of Intech

As detailed in Note 2 — Dispositions, on March 31, 2022, the Management Buyout of Intech closed. As part of this disposition, we removed $4.7 million and $40.1 million of trademarks and client relationships, respectively, from our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as these intangible assets were directly connected to Intech. In addition, we also allocated $7.0 million of goodwill to Intech, which was also removed from our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as part of the Management Buyout.

Future Amortization

Expected future amortization expense related to client relationships is summarized below (in millions):

Future amortization	Amount
2023 (remainder of year)	$	1.2
2024		0.4
2025		0.4
2026		0.4
2027		0.4
Thereafter		4.8
Total	$	7.6

Note 8 — Debt

Our debt as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, consisted of the following (in millions):

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	value		value		value		value
4.875% Senior Notes due 2025	$	306.8	$	297.9	$	307.5	$	295.4

4.875% Senior Notes Due 2025

The 4.875% Senior Notes due 2025 (“2025 Senior Notes”) have a principal value of $300.0 million, pay interest at 4.875% semiannually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, and mature on August 1, 2025. The 2025 Senior Notes include unamortized debt premium, net at March 31, 2023, of $6.8 million, which will be amortized over the remaining life of the notes. The unamortized debt premium is recorded as a liability within long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. JHG fully and unconditionally guarantees the obligations of Janus Henderson US (Holdings) Inc. in relation to the 2025 Senior Notes.

Credit Facility

At March 31, 2023, we had a $200 million, unsecured, revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”). JHG and its subsidiaries may use the Credit Facility for general corporate purposes. The rate of interest for each interest period is the aggregate of the applicable margin, which is based on our long-term credit rating and the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) in relation to any loan in U.S. dollars (“USD”), the Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”) in relation to any loan in British pounds (“GBP”), the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”) in relation to any loan in euros (“EUR”) or the Bank Bill Swap Rate (“BBSW”) in relation to any loan in Australian dollars (“AUD”). As a result of the phase-out of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), our Credit Facility was amended to incorporate the SOFR as the successor rate to USD LIBOR and the SONIA as the successor rate to GBP LIBOR. We are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee on any unused portion of the Credit Facility, which is also based on our long-term credit rating. Under the Credit Facility, our financing leverage ratio cannot exceed 3.00x EBITDA. At March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants, and there were no outstanding borrowings, under the Credit Facility. The maturity date of the Credit Facility is February 16, 2024.

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Note 9 — Income Taxes

Our effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Effective tax rate		21.3	%		26.8	%

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, was impacted by the change in noncontrolling interests.

As of March 31, 2023, we had $26.5 million of unrecognized tax benefits held for uncertain tax positions. We estimate that the existing liability for uncertain tax positions could decrease by up to $8.5 million within the next 12 months, without giving effect to changes in foreign currency translation.

Note 10 — Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable noncontrolling interests as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, consisted of the following (in millions):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in:
Consolidated seeded investment products	$	384.7	$	233.9

Consolidated Seeded Investment Products

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated seeded investment products are classified as redeemable noncontrolling interests when there is an obligation to repurchase units at the investor’s request.

Redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated seeded investment products may fluctuate from period to period and are impacted by changes in our relative ownership, changes in the amount of third-party investment in seeded products and volatility in the market value of the seeded products’ underlying securities. Third-party redemption of investments in any particular seeded product is redeemed from the respective product’s net assets and cannot be redeemed from the assets of our other seeded products or from our other assets.

The following table presents the movement in redeemable noncontrolling interests in consolidated seeded investment products for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Opening balance	$	233.9	$	148.5
Changes in market value		8.6		(20.1	)
Changes in ownership		140.2		22.2
Foreign currency translation	2.0			0.1
Closing balance	$	384.7	$	150.7

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Nonredeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, were as follows (in millions):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests in:
Seed capital investments	$	2.8	$	2.8

Note 11 — Long-Term Incentive and Employee Compensation

The following table presents restricted stock and mutual fund awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023
Restricted stock	$	60.1
Mutual fund awards		53.9
Total	$	114.0

Restricted stock and mutual fund awards generally vest and will be recognized using a graded vesting method over a three-year period.

Note 12 — Retirement Benefit Plans

We operate defined contribution retirement benefit plans and defined benefit pension plans.

Our primary defined benefit pension plan is the defined benefit section of the Janus Henderson Group UK Pension Scheme (“JHGPS”).

Net Periodic Benefit Cost

The components of net periodic benefit cost in respect of defined benefit plans for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, include the following (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Interest cost	$	(6.8	)	$	(4.5	)
Amortization of prior service cost		(0.1	)		(0.1	)
Expected return on plan assets		6.6			4.5
Net periodic benefit cost	$	(0.3	)	$	(0.1	)

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Note 13 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended March 31,
	2023									2022
				Retirement									Retirement
	Foreign			benefit						Foreign			benefit
	currency			asset, net			Total			currency			asset, net			Total
Beginning balance	$	(577.3	)	$	(70.4	)	$	(647.7	)	$	(354.2	)	$	(32.8	)	$	(387.0	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		44.5			—			44.5			(47.8	)		—			(47.8	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		—			0.1			0.1			0.8			0.1			0.9
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		44.5			0.1			44.6			(47.0	)		0.1			(46.9	)
Less: other comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(3.2	)		—			(3.2	)		(0.2	)		—			(0.2	)
Ending balance	$	(536.0	)	$	(70.3	)	$	(606.3	)	$	(401.4	)	$	(32.7	)	$	(434.1	)

The components of other comprehensive loss, net of tax for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended March 31,
	2023						2022
	Pre-tax		Tax		Net		Pre-tax			Tax		Net
	amount		impact		amount		amount			impact		amount
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	41.5	$	3.0	$	44.5	$	(49.0	)	$	1.2	$	(47.8	)
Reclassifications to net income		0.1		—		0.1		0.9			—		0.9
Total other comprehensive loss	$	41.6	$	3.0	$	44.6	$	(48.1	)	$	1.2	$	(46.9	)

Note 14 — Earnings and Dividends Per Share

Earnings Per Share

The following is a summary of the earnings per share calculation for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions, except per share data):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Net income attributable to JHG	$	87.4		$	103.6
Allocation of earnings to participating stock-based awards		(2.4	)		(2.6	)
Net income attributable to JHG common shareholders	$	85.0		$	101.0
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — basic		160.2			164.0
Dilutive effect of nonparticipating stock-based awards		0.2			0.5
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — diluted		160.4			164.5
Earnings per share:
Basic (two class)	$	0.53		$	0.62
Diluted (two class)	$	0.53		$	0.61

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Dividends Per Share

The payment of cash dividends is within the discretion of our Board of Directors and depends on many factors, including, but not limited to, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, legal requirements and general business conditions.

The following is a summary of cash dividends declared and paid during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

Dividend		Date	Dividends paid		Date
per share		declared	(in US$ millions)		paid
$	0.39	February 1, 2023	$	64.7	February 28, 2023

On  May 2, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a $0.39 per share dividend for the first quarter 2023. The quarterly dividend will be paid on May 31, 2023, to shareholders of record at the close of business on May 15, 2023.

Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and contingencies may arise in the normal course of business.

Litigation and Other Regulatory Matters

We are periodically involved in various legal proceedings and other regulatory matters.

Sandra Schissler v Janus Henderson US (Holdings) Inc., Janus Henderson Advisory Committee, and John and Jane Does 1-30

On September 9, 2022, a class action complaint, captioned Schissler v. Janus Henderson US (Holdings) Inc., et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. Named as defendants are Janus Henderson US (Holdings) Inc. (“Janus US Holdings”) and the Advisory Committee to the Janus 401(k) and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“Plan”). The complaint purports to be brought on behalf of a class consisting of participants and beneficiaries of the Plan that invested in Janus Henderson funds on or after  September 9, 2016. On January 10, 2023, in response to defendants' motion to dismiss filed on November 23, 2022, an amended complaint was filed against the same defendants. The amended complaint names two additional plaintiffs, Karly Sissel and Derrick Hittson. As amended, the complaint alleges that for the period September 9, 2016, through September 9, 2022, among other things, defendants breached fiduciary duties of loyalty and prudence by (i) selecting higher-cost Janus Henderson funds over less expensive investment options; (ii) retaining Janus Henderson funds despite their alleged underperformance; and (iii) failing to consider actively managed funds outside of Janus Henderson to add as investment options. The amended complaint also alleges that Janus US Holdings failed to monitor the Advisory Committee with respect to the foregoing. The amended complaint seeks various declaratory, equitable and monetary relief in unspecified amounts. On February 9, 2023, defendants filed an amended motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On March 13, 2023, plaintiffs filed an opposition to the amended motion to dismiss. Defendants filed their reply to plaintiffs' opposition on March 28, 2023. A ruling on the amended motion to dismiss is pending. Janus US Holdings believes the claims asserted in the amended complaint are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against these claims.

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Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q not based on historical facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”). Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those discussed. These include statements as to our future expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, events, conditions, financial performance, prospects or future events. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “could,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “likely,” “will,” “would” and similar words and phrases. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based on estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by us and our management, are inherently uncertain. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made and are not guarantees of future performance. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise these forward-looking statements.

Various risks, uncertainties, assumptions and factors that could cause our future results to differ materially from those expressed by the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, increasing interest rates and inflation, volatility or disruption in financial markets, our investment performance as compared to third-party benchmarks or competitive products, redemptions and other withdrawals from the funds and accounts we manage, and other risks, uncertainties, assumptions and factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under headings such as “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and in other filings or furnishings made by the Company with the SEC from time to time.

Available Information

We make available free of charge our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments thereto as soon as reasonably practicable after such filings have been made with the SEC. These reports may be obtained through our Investor Relations website (ir.janushenderson.com) and are available in print at no charge upon request by any shareholder. The contents of our website are not incorporated herein for any purpose. The SEC also maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.

Charters for the Audit Committee, Human Capital and Compensation Committee, Risk Committee, and Governance and Nominations Committee of our Board of Directors, as well as our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers (our “Senior Officer Code”) are posted on our Investor Relations website (ir.janushenderson.com) and are available in print at no charge upon request by any shareholder. Within the time period prescribed by the SEC and New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) regulations, we will post on our website any amendment to our Senior Officer Code or our Code of Business Conduct and any waivers thereof for directors or executive officers. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this report.

Business Overview

We are an independent global asset manager, specializing in active investment across all major asset classes. We actively manage a broad range of investment products for institutional and retail investors across four capabilities: Equities, Fixed Income, Multi-Asset and Alternatives.

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Segment Considerations

We are a global asset manager and manage a range of investment products, operating across various product lines, distribution channels and geographic regions. However, information is reported to the chief operating decision-maker, our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), on an aggregated basis. Strategic and financial management decisions are determined centrally by our CEO and, on this basis, we operate as a single-segment investment management business.

Revenue

Revenue primarily consists of management fees and performance fees. Management fees are generally based on a percentage of the market value of our assets under management (“AUM”) and are calculated using either the daily, month-end or quarter-end average asset balance in accordance with contractual agreements. Accordingly, fluctuations in the financial markets have a direct effect on our operating results. Additionally, our AUM may outperform or underperform the financial markets and, therefore, may fluctuate in varying degrees from that of the general market.

Performance fees are specified in certain fund and client contracts, and are based on investment performance either on an absolute basis or compared to an established index over a specified period of time. These fees are often subject to a hurdle rate. Performance fees are recognized at the end of the contractual period (typically monthly, quarterly or annually) if the stated performance criteria are achieved. Certain fund and client contracts allow for negative performance fees where there is underperformance against the relevant index.

First QUARTER 2023 SUMMARY

First Quarter 2023 Highlights

● Solid long-term investment performance, with 67%, 70%, 67% and 84% of our AUM outperforming relevant benchmarks on a one-, three-, five- and 10-year basis, respectively, as of March 31, 2023.

● AUM increased to $310.5 billion, up 8.1% from December 31, 2022, due to market performance, net inflows and U.S. dollar depreciation.

● Net inflows of $5.5 billion reflects mandate wins from sophisticated institutional clients across several Equity and Fixed Income investment strategies and improved net outflows in our Intermediary and Self-directed channels.

● First quarter 2023 diluted earnings per share was $0.53, or $0.55 on an adjusted basis. Refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section below for information on adjusted non-GAAP figures.

● On May 2, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a $0.39 per share dividend for the first quarter 2023.

Financial Summary

Results are reported on a U.S. GAAP basis. Adjusted non-GAAP figures are presented in the Non-GAAP Financial Measures section below.

Revenue for the first quarter 2023 was $495.8 million, a decrease of $124.2 million, or (20%), compared to the first quarter 2022. Key drivers of the decrease include the following:

● A decline of $99.4 million in management fees primarily due to a decline in average AUM compared to the first quarter 2022.

Total operating expenses for the first quarter 2023 were $395.4 million, a decrease of $67.2 million, or (15%), compared to operating expenses in the first quarter 2022. Key drivers of the decrease include the following:

● A decrease of $29.8 million in distribution expenses primarily due to a decline in average AUM compared to the first quarter 2022.

● A decrease of $24.3 million in employee compensation and benefits primarily due to lower variable compensation charges as a result of a decline in operating income.

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Operating income for the first quarter 2023 was $100.4 million, a decrease of $57.0 million, or (36%), compared to the first quarter 2022, primarily as a result of lower revenue. Our operating margin was 20.3% in the first quarter 2023 compared to 25.4% in the first quarter 2022.

Net income attributable to JHG for the first quarter 2023 was $87.4 million, a decrease of $16.2 million, or (16%), compared to the first quarter 2022. In addition to the aforementioned factors affecting revenue and operating expenses, key drivers of the decrease include the following:

● A favorable increase of $49.8 million in investment gain (losses), net, partially offset by a decline of $28.7 million in net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in the first quarter 2023 compared to the first quarter 2022. Movements in investment gain (losses), net and net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests are primarily due to fair value adjustments in relation to our seeded investment products and derivative instruments and the consolidation of third-party ownership interests in seeded investment products.

● An improvement of $14.9 million in other non-operating income (expenses), net due to a loss related to the sale of Intech, recognized in the first quarter 2022, and an increase in interest income primarily due to higher interest rates on cash balances.

Investment Performance of Assets Under Management

The following table is a summary of investment performance as of March 31, 2023:

Percentage of AUM outperforming benchmark	1 year			3 years			5 years			10 years
Equities		71	%		57	%		52	%		77	%
Fixed Income		27	%		87	%		89	%		95	%
Multi-Asset		94	%		98	%		96	%		99	%
Alternatives		69	%		99	%		100	%		100	%
Total		67	%		70	%		67	%		84	%

Assets Under Management

Our AUM as of March 31, 2023, was $310.5 billion, an increase of $23.2 billion, or 8.1%, from December 31, 2022, driven primarily by positive market movements of $16.4 billion and net sales of $5.5 billion.

Our non-USD AUM is primarily denominated in GBP, EUR and AUD. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the USD weakened against GBP and EUR and strengthened against AUD, resulting in a $1.3 billion increase in our AUM. As of March 31, 2023, approximately 31.4% of our AUM was non-USD-denominated.

Our AUM and flows by capability for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in billions):

	Closing AUM																Closing AUM
	December 31,							Net sales							Reclassifications		March 31,
	2022		Sales		Redemptions(1)			(redemptions)			Markets		FX(2)		and disposals(3)		2023
By capability:
Equities	$	171.3	$	10.7	$	(7.4	)	$	3.3		$	12.9	$	1.0	$	—	$	188.5
Fixed Income		59.8		7.3		(3.7	)		3.6			1.5		0.1		—		65.0
Multi-Asset		45.5		1.0		(1.8	)		(0.8	)		2.0		0.1		—		46.8
Alternatives		10.7		0.5		(1.1	)		(0.6	)		—		0.1		—		10.2
Total	$	287.3	$	19.5	$	(14.0	)	$	5.5		$	16.4	$	1.3	$	—	$	310.5

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	Closing AUM																			Closing AUM
	December 31,							Net sales									Reclassifications			March 31,
	2021		Sales		Redemptions(1)			(redemptions)			Markets			FX(2)			and disposals(3)			2022
By capability:
Equities	$	244.3	$	8.5	$	(12.3	)	$	(3.8	)	$	(19.2	)	$	(1.3	)	$	1.3		$	221.3
Fixed Income		79.6		6.0		(6.0	)		—			(3.8	)		(0.3	)		—			75.5
Multi-Asset		59.7		2.3		(4.5	)		(2.2	)		(3.5	)		(0.1	)		—			53.9
Alternatives		10.7		0.9		(1.1	)		(0.2	)		—			(0.2	)		—			10.3
Quantitative Equities		38.0		0.2		(5.9	)		(5.7	)		(2.6	)		(0.1	)		(29.6	)		—
Total	$	432.3	$	17.9	$	(29.8	)	$	(11.9	)	$	(29.1	)	$	(2.0	)	$	(28.3	)	$	361.0

(1) Redemptions include the impact of client transfers.

(2) FX reflects movements in AUM resulting from changes in foreign currency rates as non-USD-denominated AUM is translated into USD.

(3) Disposals relate to the sale of Intech, and reclassifications relate to a reclassification of existing funds from Quantitative Equities to Equities.

Our AUM and flows by client type for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in billions):

	Closing AUM																Closing AUM
	December 31,							Net sales							Reclassifications		March 31,
	2022		Sales		Redemptions(1)			(redemptions)			Markets		FX(2)		and disposals(3)		2023
By client type:
Intermediary	$	162.0	$	9.9	$	(10.6	)	$	(0.7	)	$	8.7	$	1.0	$	—	$	171.0
Institutional		61.0		9.2		(2.3	)		6.9			2.4		0.2		—		70.5
Self-directed		64.3		0.4		(1.1	)		(0.7	)		5.3		0.1		—		69.0
Total	$	287.3	$	19.5	$	(14.0	)	$	5.5		$	16.4	$	1.3	$	—	$	310.5

	Closing AUM																			Closing AUM
	December 31,							Net sales									Reclassifications			March 31,
	2021		Sales		Redemptions(1)			(redemptions)			Markets			FX(2)			and disposals(3)			2022
By client type:
Intermediary	$	215.0	$	14.0	$	(15.8	)	$	(1.8	)	$	(13.8	)	$	(1.3	)	$	(0.9	)	$	197.2
Institutional		127.2		3.3		(12.4	)		(9.1	)		(7.8	)		(0.6	)		(27.4	)		82.3
Self-directed		90.1		0.6		(1.6	)		(1.0	)		(7.5	)		(0.1	)		—			81.5
Total	$	432.3	$	17.9	$	(29.8	)	$	(11.9	)	$	(29.1	)	$	(2.0	)	$	(28.3	)	$	361.0

(1) Redemptions include the impact of client transfers.

(2) FX reflects movements in AUM resulting from changes in foreign currency rates as non-USD-denominated AUM is translated into USD.

(3) Disposals relate to the sale of Intech, and reclassifications relate to a reclassification of existing funds from Quantitative Equities to Equities.

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Average Assets Under Management

The following table presents our average AUM by capability for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in billions):

	Three months ended				Three months ended
	March 31,				March 31,
By capability:	2023		2022		2023 vs. 2022
Equities	$	184.0	$	222.9		(17	)%
Fixed Income		63.5		77.5		(18	)%
Multi-Asset		46.5		54.5		(15	)%
Alternatives		10.5		10.6		(1	)%
Quantitative Equities		—		31.2	n/m		*
Total	$	304.5	$	396.7		(23	)%

* n/m — Not meaningful.

Closing Assets Under Management

The following table presents the closing AUM by client location as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in billions):

	Closing AUM		Closing AUM
	March 31,		March 31,
By client location:	2023		2022
North America	$	180.1	$	207.6
EMEA and Latin America		96.4		116.4
Asia Pacific		34.0		37.0
Total	$	310.5	$	361.0

Valuation of Assets Under Management

The fair value of our AUM is based on the value of the underlying cash and investment securities of our funds, trusts and segregated mandates. A significant proportion of these securities is listed or quoted on a recognized securities exchange or market and is regularly traded thereon; these investments are valued based on unadjusted quoted market prices. However, for non-U.S. equity securities held by U.S. mutual funds, excluding exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), the quoted market prices may be adjusted to capture market movement between the time the local market closes and the NYSE closes. Other investments, including over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts (which are dealt in or through a clearing firm, exchanges or financial institutions), are valued by reference to the most recent official settlement price quoted by the appointed market vendor, and in the event no price is available from this source, a broker quotation may be used. Physical property held is valued monthly by a specialist independent appraiser.

When a readily ascertainable market value does not exist for an investment, the fair value is calculated using a variety of methodologies, including the expected cash flows of its underlying net asset base, taking into account applicable discount rates and other factors; comparable securities or relevant indices; recent financing rounds; revenue multiples; or a combination thereof. Judgment is used to ascertain if a formerly active market has become inactive and to determine fair values when markets have become inactive. Our Fair Value Pricing Committee is responsible for determining or approving these unquoted prices, which are reported to those charged with governance of the funds and trusts. For funds that invest in markets that are closed at their valuation point, an assessment is made daily to determine whether a fair value pricing adjustment is required to the fund’s valuation. This may be due to significant market movements in other correlated open markets, scheduled market closures or unscheduled market closures as a result of natural disaster or government intervention.

Third-party administrators hold a key role in the collection and validation of prices used in the valuation of the securities. Daily price validation is completed using techniques such as day-on-day tolerance movements, invariant prices, excessive movement checks and intra-vendor tolerance checks. Our data management team performs oversight of this process and completes annual due diligence on the processes of third parties.

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In other cases, we and the sub-administrators perform a number of procedures to validate the pricing received from third-party providers. For actively traded equity and fixed income securities, prices are received daily from both a primary and secondary vendor. Prices from the primary and secondary vendors are compared to identify any discrepancies. In the event of a discrepancy, a price challenge may be issued to both vendors. Securities with significant day-to-day price changes require additional research, which may include a review of all news pertaining to the issue and issuer, and any corporate actions. All fixed income prices are reviewed by our fixed income trading desk to incorporate market activity information available to our traders. In the event the traders have received price indications from market makers for a particular issue, this information is transmitted to the pricing vendors.

We leverage the expertise of our fund management teams across the business to cross-invest assets and create value for our clients. Where cross investment occurs, assets and flows are identified, and the duplication is removed.

Results of Operations

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign currency translation impacts our results of operations. Revenue is impacted by foreign currency translation, but the impact is generally determined by the primary currency of the individual funds. Expenses are also impacted by foreign currency translation, primarily driven by the translation of GBP to USD. The GBP strengthened against the USD during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. Meaningful foreign currency translation impacts to our revenue and operating expenses are discussed below.

Revenue

	Three months ended						Three months ended
	March 31,						March 31,
	2023			2022			2023 vs. 2022
Revenue (in millions):
Management fees	$	414.6		$	514.0			(19	)%
Performance fees		(14.9	)		(8.4	)		(77	)%
Shareowner servicing fees		51.5			62.4			(17	)%
Other revenue		44.6			52.0			(14	)%
Total revenue	$	495.8		$	620.0			(20	)%

Management fees

Management fees decreased by $99.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a decline in average AUM.

Performance fees

Performance fees are derived across a number of product ranges. U.S. mutual fund performance fees are recognized on a monthly basis, while all other performance fees are recognized on a quarterly or annual basis. The investment management fees paid by each U.S. mutual fund subject to a performance fee is the base management fee plus or minus a performance fee adjustment, as determined by the relative investment performance of the fund, over a 36-month rolling period, compared to a specified benchmark index. Performance fees by product type consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Performance fees (in millions):
SICAVs	$	(0.1	)	$	—
Absolute return funds and other funds		0.1			5.7
Segregated mandates		0.1			(0.1	)
U.S. mutual funds		(15.0	)		(14.0	)
Total performance fees	$	(14.9	)	$	(8.4	)

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For the three months ended March 31, 2023, performance fees decreased $6.5 million when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a decline in the performance of absolute return funds and other funds.

Shareowner servicing fees

Shareowner servicing fees are primarily composed of mutual fund servicing fees, which are driven by AUM. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, shareowner servicing fees decreased by $10.9 million when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a decline in average AUM.

Other revenue

Other revenue is primarily composed of 12b-1 distribution fees, general administration charges and other fee revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, other revenue decreased $7.4 million when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a decline in average AUM.

Operating Expenses

	Three months ended				Three months ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2023		2022		2023 vs. 2022
Operating expenses (in millions):
Employee compensation and benefits	$	140.3	$	164.6		(15	)%
Long-term incentive plans		55.5		51.4		8	%
Distribution expenses		112.0		141.8		(21	)%
Investment administration		11.6		14.8		(22	)%
Marketing		8.8		7.4		19	%
General, administrative and occupancy		61.1		73.1		(16	)%
Depreciation and amortization		6.1		9.5		(36	)%
Total operating expenses	$	395.4	$	462.6		(15	)%

Employee compensation and benefits

Employee compensation and benefits decreased by $24.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease of $13.7 million in variable compensation, mainly due to a lower annual bonus pool and other variable compensation, favorable foreign currency translation of $5.3 million and a $5.1 million decline in fixed compensation due to lower headcount, partially offset by $1.9 million of base-pay increases.

Long-term incentive plans

Long-term incentive plan expenses increased by $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a $14.8 million increase driven by market appreciation related to mutual fund share awards and certain long-term incentive awards. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $8.9 million due to the roll-off of vested awards and the acceleration of expense related to departed employees exceeding the roll-on of new awards.

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Distribution expenses

Distribution expenses are paid to financial intermediaries for the distribution and servicing of our retail investment products and are typically calculated based on the amount of the intermediary-sourced AUM. Distribution expenses decreased by $29.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a decline in average AUM subject to distribution expenses.

Investment administration

Investment administration expenses, which represent fund administration and fund accounting, decreased by $3.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a $2.4 million reduction in fund accounting and administration expenses.

General, administrative and occupancy

General, administrative and occupancy expenses decreased by $12.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a $6.1 million reduction in consultancy fees related to certain project costs, a $2.5 million decrease in market data expenses and favorable foreign currency translation of $2.4 million.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased $3.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to a $1.3 million decrease in the amortization of prepaid commissions and a $1.2 million reduction in the amortization of intangible assets resulting from the sale of Intech, which was recognized during the first quarter 2022.

Non-Operating Income and Expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Non-operating income and expenses (in millions):
Interest expense	$	(3.1	)	$	(3.2	)
Investment gains (losses), net		17.6			(32.2	)
Other non-operating income (expenses), net		7.1			(7.8	)
Income tax provision		(26.0	)		(30.7	)

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Investment gains (losses), net

The components of investment gains (losses), net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Investment gains (losses), net (in millions):
Seeded investment products and hedges, net	$	22.6		$	(11.5	)
Third-party ownership interests in seeded investment products		(8.6	)		(20.1	)
Long Tail Alpha investment		3.0			1.5
Deferred equity plan		—			(1.5	)
Other		0.6			(0.6	)
Investment gains (losses), net	$	17.6		$	(32.2	)

Investment gains (losses), net moved favorably by $49.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. Movements in investment gains (losses), net are primarily due to fair value adjustments in relation to our seeded investment products and the consolidation of third-party ownership interests in seeded investment products.

Gains and losses attributable to third-party ownership interests in seeded investment products are noncontrolling interests and are not included in net income attributable to JHG.

Other non-operating income (expenses), net

Other non-operating income (expenses), net improved $14.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The improvement was primarily due to a loss of $9.1 million related to the sale of Intech, which was recognized in the first quarter 2022, and a $6.4 million increase in interest income primarily due to higher interest rates on cash balances.

Income tax provision

Our effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Effective tax rate		21.3	%		26.8	%

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, was impacted by the change in noncontrolling interests.

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Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests

The components of net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows (in millions): ​

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests (in millions):
Consolidated seeded investment products	$	(8.6	)	$	20.1

Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests declined by $28.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. Movements in net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests primarily relate to third-party ownership interests in consolidated seeded investment products and fair value adjustments in relation to our seeded investment products.

Outlook for the Remainder of 2023

We have maintained continuous cost discipline balanced with strategic investments in our business and we are on track to attain approximately $40 million to $45 million in gross-cost efficiencies. The gross-cost efficiencies will be offset by investments in our business and infrastructure to fuel growth, referred to as Fuel for Growth. Lower first quarter 2023 non-compensation expenses are temporary as Fuel for Growth cost savings have occurred sooner than the reinvestment in the business. Going forward, we anticipate non-compensation expenses to increase reflecting areas of opportunity we discussed last quarter, including marketing and advertising in our U.S. intermediary business and investments supporting our other strategic initiatives. Additionally, we expect to start amortizing capitalized costs related to the order management system transformation project through the general, administrative and occupancy line on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income after the project goes live in the second quarter 2023.

Full-year 2023 expectations are listed below:

● Aggregate negative performance fees for the full-year 2023 are expected to be at the unfavorable end of the range of $35 million to $45 million, at current investment performance.

● Adjusted compensation to revenue ratio is expected to be in the mid-40s, on a percentage basis.

● Adjusted non-compensation operating expenses percentage annual growth rate is expected to be in the mid- to high-single digits.

● Statutory tax rate is expected to be 24% to 26%.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report our financial results in accordance with GAAP. However, we evaluate our profitability and our ongoing operations using additional non-GAAP financial measures. These measures are not in accordance with, or a substitute for, GAAP, and our financial measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. Management uses these performance measures to evaluate the business, and adjusted values are consistent with internal management reporting. We have provided a reconciliation below of our non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

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Alternative performance measures

The following is a reconciliation of revenue, operating expenses, operating income, net income attributable to JHG and diluted earnings per share to adjusted revenue, adjusted operating expenses, adjusted operating income, adjusted net income attributable to JHG and adjusted diluted earnings per share, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions, except per share and operating margin data):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Reconciliation of revenue to adjusted revenue
Revenue	$	495.8		$	620.0
Management fees		(40.8	)		(57.0	)
Shareowner servicing fees		(42.3	)		(52.2	)
Other revenue		(28.9	)		(32.6	)
Adjusted revenue(1)	$	383.8		$	478.2
Reconciliation of operating expenses to adjusted operating expenses
Operating expenses	$	395.4		$	462.6
Employee compensation and benefits(2)		(1.2	)		—
Long-term incentive plans(2)		(2.5	)		(13.0	)
Distribution expenses(1)		(112.0	)		(141.8	)
General, administrative and occupancy(2)		(1.0	)		(6.5	)
Depreciation and amortization(3)		(0.5	)		(1.9	)
Adjusted operating expenses	$	278.2		$	299.4
Adjusted operating income		105.6			178.8
Operating margin(4)		20.3	%		25.4	%
Adjusted operating margin(5)		27.5	%		37.4	%
Reconciliation of net income attributable to JHG to adjusted net income attributable to JHG
Net income attributable to JHG	$	87.4		$	103.6
Employee compensation and benefits(2)		1.2			—
Long-term incentive plans(2)		2.5			13.0
General, administrative and occupancy(2)		1.0			6.5
Depreciation and amortization(3)		0.5			1.9
Other non-operating income (expenses), net(6)		—			7.5
Income tax provision(7)		(1.3	)		(6.7	)
Adjusted net income attributable to JHG		91.3			125.8
Less: allocation of earnings to participating stock-based awards		(2.5	)		(3.2	)
Adjusted net income attributable to JHG common shareholders	$	88.8		$	122.6
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — diluted (two class)		160.4			164.5
Diluted earnings per share (two class)(8)	$	0.53		$	0.61
Adjusted diluted earnings per share (two class)(9)	$	0.55		$	0.75

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(1) We contract with third-party intermediaries to distribute and service certain of our investment products. Fees for distribution- and servicing-related activities are either provided for separately in an investment product’s prospectus or are part of the management fee. Under both arrangements, the fees are collected by us and passed through to third-party intermediaries who are responsible for performing the applicable services. The majority of distribution and servicing fees we collect are passed through to third-party intermediaries. JHG management believes that the deduction of distribution and servicing fees from revenue in the computation of adjusted revenue reflects the pass-through nature of these revenues. In certain arrangements, we perform the distribution and servicing activities and retain the applicable fee. Revenues for distribution and servicing activities performed by us are not deducted from GAAP revenue.

(2) Adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2023, consist primarily of the acceleration of long-term incentive plan expense related to the departure of certain employees and rent expense for subleased office space. Adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2022, consist primarily of long-term incentive plan expense associated with accelerated vesting of awards related to the retirement of our CEO and CIO, deal costs associated with the sale of Intech and rent expense for subleased office space. JHG management believes these costs are not representative of our ongoing operations.

(3) Investment management contracts have been identified as a separately identifiable intangible asset arising on the acquisition of subsidiaries and businesses. Such contracts are recognized at the net present value of the expected future cash flows arising from the contracts at the date of acquisition. For segregated mandate contracts, the intangible asset is amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected life of the contracts. JHG management believes these non-cash and acquisition-related costs are not representative of our ongoing operations.

(4) Operating margin is operating income divided by revenue.

(5) Adjusted operating margin is adjusted operating income divided by adjusted revenue.

(6) Adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2022, consist primarily of a one-time charge related to the sale of Intech. JHG management believes this cost is not representative of our ongoing operations.

(7) The tax impact of the adjustments is calculated based on the applicable U.S. or foreign statutory tax rate as it relates to each adjustment. Certain adjustments are either not taxable or not tax-deductible.

(8) Diluted earnings per share is net income attributable to JHG common shareholders divided by weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding.

(9) Adjusted diluted earnings per share is adjusted net income attributable to JHG common shareholders divided by weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our capital structure, together with available cash balances, cash flows generated from operations, and further capital and credit market activities, if necessary, should provide us with sufficient resources to meet present and future cash needs, including operating and other obligations as they fall due and anticipated future capital requirements.

The following table summarizes key balance sheet data relating to our liquidity and capital resources as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 (in millions):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Cash and cash equivalents held by the Company	$	829.4	$	1,156.5
Investment securities held by the Company	$	462.7	$	359.1
Fees and other receivables	$	263.3	$	252.9
Debt	$	306.8	$	307.5

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash at banks and held in money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents exclude cash held by consolidated VIEs and consolidated VREs, and investment securities exclude noncontrolling interests as these assets are not available for general corporate purposes.

Investment securities held by us represent seeded investment products (exclusive of noncontrolling interests), investments related to deferred compensation plans and other less significant investments.

We believe that existing cash and cash from operations should be sufficient to satisfy our short-term capital requirements. Expected short-term uses of cash include ordinary operating expenditures, seed capital investments, interest expense, dividend payments, income tax payments and common stock repurchases. We may also use available cash for other general corporate purposes and acquisitions.

Regulatory Capital

We are subject to regulatory oversight by the SEC, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), the Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) and other international regulatory bodies. We strive to ensure that we are compliant with our regulatory obligations at all times. Our primary capital requirement relates to the FCA-supervised regulatory group (a sub-group of our company), comprising Janus Henderson (UK) Holdings Limited, all of its subsidiaries and Janus Henderson Investors International Limited (“JHIIL”). JHIIL is included as a connected undertaking to meet the requirements of the Investment Firm Prudential Regime (“IFPR”) for MiFID investment firms (“MIFIDPRU”). The combined capital requirement is £204.2 million ($252.5 million), resulting in £211.9 million ($262.0 million) of capital above the requirement as of March 31, 2023, based upon internal calculations and taking into account the effect of foreseeable dividends. Capital requirements in other jurisdictions are not significant in aggregate. The FCA-supervised regulatory group is also subject to liquidity requirements and holds a sufficient surplus above these requirements.

Short-Term Liquidity and Capital Resources

Common Stock Purchases

On May 3, 2022, the Board of Directors approved an on-market share buyback program (“2022 Corporate Buyback Program”), pursuant to which we are authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of our common stock on the NYSE and CHESS Depository Interests (“CDIs”) on the Australian Securities Exchange (“ASX”) at any time prior to the date of our 2023 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders. We repurchased shares under the 2022 Corporate Buyback Program in May and June of 2022. We did not repurchase any shares of common stock or CDIs under the 2022 Corporate Buyback Program during the remaining months of 2022 or the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Some of our executives and employees obtain rights to receive our common stock as part of their remuneration arrangements and employee entitlements. We satisfy these entitlements by using existing shares of common stock that we repurchased on-market (“Share Plan Repurchases”). These repurchases are in addition to the repurchases under the 2022 Corporate Buyback Program discussed above. As a policy, we do not issue new shares to employees as part of our annual compensation practices. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, our Share Plan Repurchases totaled 2,109,447 shares at an average price of $27.64.

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Dividends

The payment of cash dividends is within the discretion of our Board of Directors and depends on many factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, general business conditions and legal requirements.

Dividends declared and paid during the three months ended March 31, 2023, were as follows:

Dividend		Date	Dividends paid		Date
per share		declared	(in US$ millions)		paid
$	0.39	February 1, 2023	$	64.7	February 28, 2023

On May 2, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a $0.39 per share dividend for the first quarter 2023. The quarterly dividend will be paid on May 31, 2023, to shareholders of record at the close of business on May 15, 2023.

Long-Term Liquidity and Capital Resources

Expected long-term commitments as of March 31, 2023, include principal and interest payments related to the 2025 Senior Notes and operating and finance lease payments. We expect to fund our long-term commitments with existing cash and cash generated from operations or by accessing capital and credit markets as necessary.

2025 Senior Notes

The 2025 Senior Notes have a principal amount of $300.0 million, pay interest at 4.875% semiannually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, and mature on August 1, 2025.

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

As of December 31, 2022, our defined benefit pension plan had a net retirement asset of $94.9 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2023, we have a $4.5 million unfunded loan commitment with Intech, which is not reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 2 — Dispositions for further information on the loan commitment.

Other Sources of Liquidity

At March 31, 2023, we had a $200 million Credit Facility. The Credit Facility includes an option for us to request an increase to our borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility of up to an additional $50.0 million. The maturity date of the Credit Facility is February 16, 2024. Additionally, as a result of LIBOR’s phase-out, our credit facility was amended to incorporate other short-term borrowing rates. Specifically, the SOFR was designated as the successor rate to USD LIBOR, and the SONIA was designated as the successor rate to GBP LIBOR.

The Credit Facility may be used for general corporate purposes and bears interest on borrowings outstanding at the relevant interbank offer rate plus a spread.

The Credit Facility contains a financial covenant with respect to leverage. The financing leverage ratio cannot exceed 3.00x EBITDA. At the latest practicable date before the date of this report, we were in compliance with all covenants, and there were no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility.

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Cash Flows

Cash flow data for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, was as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Cash flows provided by (used for):
Operating activities	$	(108.2	)	$	(57.5	)
Investing activities		(235.1	)		(16.9	)
Financing activities		13.8			(214.8	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		15.4			(16.0	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(314.1	)		(305.2	)
Cash balance at beginning of period		1,176.4			1,118.6
Cash balance at end of period	$	862.3		$	813.4

Operating Activities

Fluctuations in operating cash flows are attributable to changes in net income and working capital items, which can vary from period to period based on the amount and timing of cash receipts and payments. Cash outflows from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, were also driven by the payout of annual incentive compensation and related taxes. 

Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, was as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Purchases of investment securities, net	$	(107.5	)	$	(34.2	)
Sales (purchases) of investment securities by consolidated seeded investment products, net		(123.2	)		13.0
Purchases of property, equipment and software		(2.0	)		(2.9	)
Cash received (paid) on settled seed capital hedges, net		(3.1	)		11.7
Long-term note with Intech		—			(10.0	)
Proceeds from sale of Intech		—			5.0
Dividends received from equity-method investments		0.7			0.5
Cash used for investing activities	$	(235.1	)	$	(16.9	)

We periodically add new investment strategies to our investment product offerings by providing the initial cash investment, or seeding, in a product. The primary purpose of seeded investment products is to generate an investment performance track record in these products and leverage that track record to attract third-party investors. We may redeem our seed capital investments for a variety of reasons, including when third-party investments in the relevant product are sufficient to sustain the investment strategy. The cash associated with seeding and redeeming seeded investment products is reflected in the above table as purchases of investment securities, net.

We consolidate certain seeded investment products into our group financial statements. The purchases and sales of investment securities within consolidated seeded investment products are disclosed separately from our capital contributions to seed a product. We also maintain an economic hedge program that uses derivative instruments to mitigate against market exposure of certain seeded investments. The cash received and paid as part of this program is reflected in the table above.

The transactions discussed above represent a majority of the activity within investing activities on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

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Financing Activities

Cash provided by (used for) financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, was as follows (in millions):

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Dividends paid to shareholders	$	(64.7	)	$	(64.3	)
Third-party sales (purchases) in consolidated seeded investment products, net		136.2			(11.7	)
Purchase of common stock for stock-based compensation plans		(57.5	)		(94.5	)
Purchase of common stock for share buyback program		—			(43.3	)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans		—			0.5
Other		(0.2	)		(1.5	)
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities	$	13.8		$	(214.8	)

The majority of the cash flows within financing activities are driven by the payment of dividends to shareholders, and purchases of common stock as part of the Corporate Buyback Program and for stock-based compensation plans. We did not repurchase any shares as part of the Corporate Buyback Program during the three months ended March 31, 2023. 

Third-party sales (purchases) in consolidated seeded investment products, net is another significant driver of cash flows within financing activities. This activity represents the cash received from third-party investors in a seeded investment product that is consolidated into our group financial statements. When a third-party investor redeems the investment, a cash outflow is disclosed as a sale.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

We continually evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used to prepare the condensed consolidated financial statements. In general, management’s estimates are based on historical experience, information from third-party professionals, as appropriate, and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under current facts and circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates made by management. There were no material changes to our critical accounting estimates described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There were no material changes in our exposure to market risks from that previously reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 4.   Controls and Procedures

As of March 31, 2023, our management evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed by us to ensure that we record, process, summarize and report within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rule and forms the information we must disclose in reports that we file with or submit to the SEC. Ali Dibadj, our Chief Executive Officer, and Roger Thompson, our Chief Financial Officer, reviewed and participated in management’s evaluation of the disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, Mr. Dibadj and Mr. Thompson concluded that as of the date of their evaluation, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the first quarter 2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

See Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the risks discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and value of our common stock.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Common Stock Purchases

On May 3, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the 2022 Corporate Buyback Program pursuant to which we are authorized to repurchase up to $200.0 million of our common stock on the NYSE and CDIs on the ASX at any time prior to the date of our 2023 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders. We commenced repurchases under the 2022 Corporate Buyback Program in May 2022. We did not repurchase any shares of common stock or CDIs under the 2022 Corporate Buyback Program during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Some of our executives and employees obtain rights to receive our common stock as part of their remuneration arrangements and employee entitlements. We satisfy these entitlements by transferring shares of existing common stock that we repurchase on-market for this purpose (Share Plan Repurchases). During the first quarter 2023, we purchased 2,109,447 shares on-market for $58.3 million in satisfaction of employee awards and entitlements.

The following is a summary of our common stock repurchases by month during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

	Total				Total number of shares		Approximate U.S. dollar value
	number of		Average		purchased as part of		of shares that may yet
	shares		price paid per		publicly announced		be purchased under the
Period	purchased		share		programs		programs (end of month, in millions)
January 1, 2023, through January 31, 2023		3,592		25.51		—	$	144
February 1, 2023, through February 28, 2023		1,141,168		28.31		—	$	144
March 1, 2023, through March 31, 2023		964,687		26.84		—	$	144
Total		2,109,447	$	27.64		—

Items 3, 4 and 5.

Not applicable. ​

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Item 6.    Exhibits

Filed with This Report:

Exhibit No.	Document	Regulation S-K Item 601(b) Exhibit No.
31.1	Certification of Ali Dibadj, Chief Executive Officer of Registrant	31
31.2	Certification of Roger Thompson, Chief Financial Officer of Registrant	31
32.1	Certification of Ali Dibadj, Chief Executive Officer of Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	32
32.2	Certification of Roger Thompson, Chief Financial Officer of Registrant, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	32
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document — the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document	101
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	101
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	101
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	101
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document	101
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	101
​104	​Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document)	​104

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 3, 2023​

Janus Henderson Group plc

/s/ Ali Dibadj

Ali Dibadj,

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Roger Thompson

Roger Thompson,

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

/s/ Brennan Hughes

Brennan Hughes,

Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

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