Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities

The Company provides financial guaranties with respect to debt obligations of special purpose entities, including VIEs. AGC and AGM do not sponsor any VIEs when underwriting third party financial guaranty insurance or credit derivative transactions, nor has either of them acted as the servicer or collateral manager for any VIE obligations that it insures. The transaction structure generally provides certain financial protections to the Company. This financial protection can take several forms, the most common of which are overcollateralization, first loss protection (or subordination) and excess spread. In the case of overcollateralization (i.e., the principal amount of the securitized assets exceeds the principal amount of the structured finance obligations guaranteed by the Company), the structure allows defaults of the securitized assets before a default is experienced on the structured finance obligation guaranteed by the Company. In the case of first loss, the financial guaranty insurance policy only covers a senior layer of losses experienced by multiple obligations issued by special purpose entities, including VIEs. The first loss exposure with respect to the assets is either retained by the seller or sold off in the form of equity or mezzanine debt to other investors. In the case of excess spread, the financial assets contributed to special purpose entities, including VIEs, generate cash flows that are in excess of the interest payments on the debt issued by the special purpose entity. Such excess spread is typically distributed through the transaction’s cash flow waterfall and may be used to create additional credit enhancement, applied to redeem debt issued by the special purpose entities, including VIEs (thereby, creating additional overcollateralization), or distributed to equity or other investors in the transaction.

AGC and AGM are not primarily liable for the debt obligations issued by the VIEs they insure and would only be required to make payments on these debt obligations in the event that the issuer of such debt obligations defaults on any principal or interest due. AGL’s and its Subsidiaries’ creditors do not have any rights with regard to the collateral supporting the debt issued by the FG VIEs. Proceeds from sales, maturities, prepayments and interest from such underlying collateral may only be used to pay Debt Service on VIE liabilities. Net fair value gains and losses on FG VIEs are expected to reverse to zero at maturity of the VIE debt, except for net premiums received and receivable, and net claims paid and expected to be paid by AGC or AGM under the financial guaranty insurance contract. The Company’s estimate of expected loss to be paid for FG VIEs is included in Note 5, Expected Loss to be Paid.

As part of the terms of its financial guaranty contracts, the Company obtains certain protective rights with respect to the VIE that are triggered by the occurrence of certain events, such as failure to be in compliance with a covenant due to poor deal performance or a deterioration in a servicer or collateral manager's financial condition. At deal inception, the Company typically is not deemed to control a VIE; however, once a trigger event occurs, the Company's control of the VIE typically increases. The Company continuously evaluates its power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of VIEs that have debt obligations insured by the Company and, accordingly, where the Company is obligated to absorb VIE losses or receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company obtains protective rights under its insurance contracts that give the Company additional controls over a VIE if there is either deterioration of deal performance or in the financial health of the deal servicer. The Company is deemed to be the control party under GAAP, typically when its protective rights give it the power to both terminate and replace the deal servicer, which are characteristics specific to the Company's financial guaranty contracts. If the Company’s protective rights that could make it the control party have not been triggered, then it does not consolidate the VIE. As of March 31, 2013, the Company had issued financial guaranty contracts for approximately 1,100 VIEs that it did not consolidate.

Consolidated FG VIEs

Number of FG VIE's Consolidated



	As of March 31, 2013		As of December 31, 2012

Beginning of the period	33		33
Consolidated(1)	11		2
Matured	(1	)	(2	)
End of the period	43		33

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(1)	Net loss on consolidation was $0.5 million in First Quarter 2013 and $6 million in 2012 and recorded in “fair value gains (losses) on FG VIEs” in the consolidated statement of operations.

The total unpaid principal balance for the FG VIEs’ assets that were over 90 days or more past due was approximately $862 million. The aggregate unpaid principal of the FG VIEs’ assets was approximately $2,432 million greater than the aggregate fair value at March 31, 2013. The change in the instrument-specific credit risk of the FG VIEs’ assets for First Quarter 2013 were gains of $71 million.

The aggregate unpaid principal balance was approximately $1,977 million greater than the aggregate fair value of the FG VIEs’ liabilities as of March 31, 2013.

The table below shows the carrying value of the consolidated FG VIEs’ assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements, segregated by the types of assets that collateralize their respective debt obligations.

Consolidated FG VIEs

By Type of Collateral



	As of March 31, 2013					As of December 31, 2012
	Number of FG VIEs	Assets		Liabilities		Number of FG VIEs	Assets		Liabilities
	(dollars in millions)
With recourse:
HELOCs	8	$	582	$	764	8	$	525	$	786
First liens:
Alt-A first lien	5	178		168		5	177		162
Option ARM	2	41		158		2	42		170
Subprime	18	415		502		7	399		493
Closed-end second lien	8	103		126		8	108		129
Automobile loans	1	17		17		2	39		39
Life insurance	1	336		336		1	311		311
Total with recourse	43	1,672		2,071		33	1,601		2,090
Without recourse	—	1,141		1,107		—	1,087		1,051
Total	43	$	2,813	$	3,178	33	$	2,688	$	3,141

Unpaid Principal for FG VIEs’ Liabilities

with Recourse



	As of March 31, 2013		As of December 31, 2012
	(in millions)
Gross unpaid principal for FG VIEs’ liabilities with recourse (1)	$	2,707	$	2,808

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(1)	FG VIE liabilities with recourse will mature at various dates ranging from 2018 to 2047, except for $17 million maturing in 2014.

The consolidation of FG VIEs has a significant effect on net income and shareholder’s equity due to (1) changes in fair value gains (losses) on FG VIE assets and liabilities, (2) the elimination of premiums and losses related to the AGC and AGM FG VIE liabilities with recourse and (3) the elimination of investment balances related to the Company’s purchase of AGC and AGM insured FG VIE debt. Upon consolidation of a FG VIE, the related insurance and, if applicable, the related investment balances, are considered intercompany transactions and therefore eliminated. Such eliminations are included in the table below to present the full effect of consolidating FG VIEs.

Effect of Consolidating FG VIEs on Net Income

and Shareholders’ Equity



	First Quarter
	2013			2012
	(in millions)
Net earned premiums	$	(18	)	$	(17	)
Net investment income	(3		)	(3		)
Net realized investment gains (losses)	1			1
Fair value gains (losses) on FG VIEs	70			(41		)
Loss and LAE	(7		)	8
Total pretax effect on net income	43			(52		)
Less: tax provision (benefit)	15			(18		)
Total effect on net income (loss)	$	28		$	(34	)



	As of March 31, 2013			As of December 31, 2012
	(in millions)
Total (decrease) increase on shareholders’ equity	$	(322	)	$	(348	)

Fair value gains (losses) on FG VIEs represent the net change in fair value on the consolidated FG VIEs’ assets and liabilities. For First Quarter 2013, the Company recorded a pre-tax fair value gain on FG VIEs of $70 million. The majority of this gain, approximately $64 million, is a result of a R&W benefit on two Flagstar policies recognized during the quarter. The Company also saw price appreciation across all of the Company's FG VIE assets and liabilities as a result of the overall financial market continuing to improve in First Quarter 2013. The most significant price appreciation occurred in several HELOC transactions where the price appreciation was slightly greater on the FG VIE assets than on the FG VIE liabilities. This was a result of improved performance in the underlying collateral of these securities during the period.

During First Quarter 2012, the Company saw price appreciation across all of the Company's FG VIE assets and liabilities as a result of positive economic data at the beginning of the year. However, the price appreciation was greater on the wrapped FG VIE liabilities during the period, as market participants gave more value to the guarantees provided by monoline insurers. This resulted in a pre-tax fair value loss on FG VIEs of $41 million during the period.

Non-Consolidated VIEs

To date, the Company’s analyses have indicated that it does not have a controlling financial interest in any other VIEs and, as a result, they are not consolidated in the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s exposure provided through its financial guaranties with respect to debt obligations of special purpose entities is included within net par outstanding in Note 3, Outstanding Exposure.