10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q   

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to ____________

Commission file number 001-32216

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Maryland	47-0934168
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

90 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016

(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)

(212) 792-0107

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbols	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	NYMT	NASDAQ	Stock Market
8.000% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference	NYMTN	NASDAQ	Stock Market
7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference	NYMTM	NASDAQ	Stock Market
6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference	NYMTL	NASDAQ	Stock Market
7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference	NYMTZ	NASDAQ	Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ☒ Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-Accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company ☐ Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding on August 4, 2022 was 377,723,482.

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC.

FORM 10-Q

PART I. Financial Information
	Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021	4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	5
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	6
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	7
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	9
	Unaudited Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	11
	Note 1. Organization	11
	Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12
	Note 3. Residential Loans, at Fair Value	15
	Note 4. Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value	17
	Note 5. Investment Securities Available For Sale, at Fair Value	18
	Note 6. Equity Investments, at Fair Value	21
	Note 7. Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE)	24
	Note 8. Real Estate, Net	31
	Note 9. Other Assets and Other Liabilities	33
	Note 10. Repurchase Agreements	34
	Note 11. Collateralized Debt Obligations	37
	Note 12. Debt	38
	Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies	41
	Note 14. Fair Value of Financial Instruments	42
	Note 15. Stockholders' Equity	51
	Note 16. (Loss) Earnings Per Common Share	55
	Note 17. Stock Based Compensation	56
	Note 18. Income Taxes	60
	Note 19. Net Interest Income	62
	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	63
	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	113
	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	119
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
	Item 1A. Risk Factors	120
	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	120
	Item 6. Exhibits	121
SIGNATURES		124

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.  Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Residential loans, at fair value	$	4,329,192	$	3,575,601
Multi-family loans, at fair value	106,825		120,021
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value	140,506		200,844
Equity investments, at fair value	223,651		239,631
Cash and cash equivalents	407,104		289,602
Real estate, net	1,792,320		1,017,583
Other assets	299,938		215,019
Total Assets (1)	$	7,299,536	$	5,658,301
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	$	1,693,876	$	554,259
Collateralized debt obligations ($710,233 at fair value and $1,107,091 at amortized cost, net as of June 30, 2022 and $839,419 at fair value and $682,802 at amortized cost, net as of December 31, 2021)	1,817,324		1,522,221
Convertible notes	—		137,898
Senior unsecured notes	97,039		96,704
Subordinated debentures	45,000		45,000
Mortgages payable on real estate, net	1,251,059		709,356
Other liabilities	231,066		161,081
Total liabilities (1)	5,135,364		3,226,519
Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 13)
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated Variable Interest Entities	37,101		66,392
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 31,500,000 and 29,500,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, 22,284,994 shares issued and outstanding ($557,125 aggregate liquidation preference)	538,221		538,221
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 800,000,000 shares authorized, 378,647,371 and 379,405,240 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	3,786		3,794
Additional paid-in capital	2,354,377		2,356,576
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(945)		1,778
Accumulated deficit	(802,448)		(559,338)
Company's stockholders' equity	2,092,991		2,341,031
Non-controlling interest in consolidated variable interest entities	34,080		24,359
Total equity	2,127,071		2,365,390
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	7,299,536	$	5,658,301

(1)Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, assets of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,952,609 and $2,940,513, respectively, and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,141,474 and $2,235,665, respectively. See Note 7 for further discussion.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
NET INTEREST INCOME:
Interest income	$	68,020	$	52,186	$	126,521	$	102,225
Interest expense	41,891		20,711		70,513		40,410
Total net interest income	26,129		31,475		56,008		61,815
NON-INTEREST (LOSS) INCOME:
Realized gains, net	2,386		4,989		6,192		12,047
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(67,694)		23,854		(151,353)		50,020
Income from equity investments	8,100		10,607		14,153		14,006
Income from real estate	35,870		2,150		61,458		3,645
Other income	1,105		1,676		2,531		3,278
Total non-interest (loss) income	(20,233)		43,276		(67,019)		82,996
GENERAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATING EXPENSES:
General and administrative expenses	13,175		12,520		27,533		23,961
Expenses related to real estate	70,759		3,913		118,748		6,837
Portfolio operating expenses	12,690		6,688		22,179		11,518
Total general, administrative and operating expenses	96,624		23,121		168,460		42,316
(LOSS) INCOME FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES	(90,728)		51,630		(179,471)		102,495
Income tax expense	90		15		67		81
NET (LOSS) INCOME	(90,818)		51,615		(179,538)		102,414
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in consolidated variable interest entities	18,922		1,625		33,792		3,034
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY	(71,896)		53,240		(145,746)		105,448
Preferred stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Basic (loss) earnings per common share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22
Weighted average shares outstanding-basic	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted	381,200		381,517		380,999		381,167

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Decrease) increase in fair value of available for sale securities	(535)		3,788		(2,723)		4,426
Reclassification adjustment for net (gain) loss included in net (loss) income	—		(213)		—		2,029
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME	(535)		3,575		(2,723)		6,455
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	(82,924)	$	46,519	$	(169,455)	$	91,310

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended
	Common Stock		Preferred Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Company's Stockholders' Equity		Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs		Total
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	3,812	$	538,221	$	2,357,910	$	(681,915)	$	(410)	$	2,217,618	$	32,383	$	2,250,001
Net loss ($(15,168) allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest)	—		—		—		(71,896)		—		(71,896)		(3,754)		(75,650)
Common stock repurchases	(28)		—		(7,513)		—		—		(7,541)		—		(7,541)
Stock based compensation expense, net	2		—		3,980		—		—		3,982		—		3,982
Dividends declared on common stock	—		—		—		(38,039)		—		(38,039)		—		(38,039)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—		—		(10,493)		—		(10,493)		—		(10,493)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	—		—		—		(105)		—		(105)		—		(105)
Decrease in fair value of available for sale securities	—		—		—		—		(535)		(535)		—		(535)
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		5,805		5,805
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		(354)		(354)
Balance, June 30, 2022	$	3,786	$	538,221	$	2,354,377	$	(802,448)	$	(945)	$	2,092,991	$	34,080	$	2,127,071

Balance, March 31, 2021	$	3,793	$	504,765	$	2,343,912	$	(547,491)	$	3,874	$	2,308,853	$	5,498	$	2,314,351
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		53,240		—		53,240		(1,625)		51,615
Stock based compensation expense, net	1		—		3,841		—		—		3,842		—		3,842
Dividends declared on common stock	—		—		—		(37,942)		—		(37,942)		—		(37,942)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—		—		(10,296)		—		(10,296)		—		(10,296)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	—		—		—		(111)		—		(111)		—		(111)
Reclassification adjustment for net gain included in net income	—		—		—		—		(213)		(213)		—		(213)
Increase in fair value of available for sale securities	—		—		—		—		3,788		3,788		—		3,788
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,335		1,335
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		(10)		(10)
Balance, June 30, 2021	$	3,794	$	504,765	$	2,347,753	$	(542,600)	$	7,449	$	2,321,161	$	5,198	$	2,326,359

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

For the Six Months Ended
	Common Stock		Preferred Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Company's Stockholders' Equity		Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs		Total
Balance, December 31, 2021	$	3,794	$	538,221	$	2,356,576	$	(559,338)	$	1,778	$	2,341,031	$	24,359	$	2,365,390
Net loss ($(27,796) allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest)	—		—		—		(145,746)		—		(145,746)		(5,996)		(151,742)
Common stock repurchases	(28)		—		(7,513)		—		—		(7,541)		—		(7,541)
Stock based compensation expense, net	20		—		5,314		—		—		5,334		—		5,334
Dividends declared on common stock	—		—		—		(76,164)		—		(76,164)		—		(76,164)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—		—		(20,986)		—		(20,986)		—		(20,986)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	—		—		—		(214)		—		(214)		—		(214)
Decrease in fair value of available for sale securities	—		—		—		—		(2,723)		(2,723)		—		(2,723)
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,293		16,293
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		(576)		(576)
Balance, June 30, 2022	$	3,786	$	538,221	$	2,354,377	$	(802,448)	$	(945)	$	2,092,991	$	34,080	$	2,127,071

Balance, December 31, 2020	$	3,777	$	504,765	$	2,342,934	$	(551,268)	$	994	$	2,301,202	$	6,371	$	2,307,573
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		105,448		—		105,448		(3,034)		102,414
Stock based compensation expense, net	17		—		4,819		—		—		4,836		—		4,836
Dividends declared on common stock	—		—		—		(75,869)		—		(75,869)		—		(75,869)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—		—		(20,593)		—		(20,593)		—		(20,593)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	—		—		—		(318)		—		(318)		—		(318)
Reclassification adjustment for net loss included in net income	—		—		—		—		2,029		2,029		—		2,029
Increase in fair value of available for sale securities	—		—		—		—		4,426		4,426		—		4,426
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		1,874		1,874
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	—		—		—		—		—		—		(13)		(13)
Balance, June 30, 2021	$	3,794	$	504,765	$	2,347,753	$	(542,600)	$	7,449	$	2,321,161	$	5,198	$	2,326,359

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

8

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net (loss) income	$	(179,538)	$	102,414
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization	12,833		17,747
Depreciation and amortization expense related to operating real estate	87,981		4,277
Realized gains, net	(6,192)		(12,047)
Unrealized losses (gains), net	151,353		(50,020)
Gain on sale of real estate	(373)		—
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate	603		—
Income from preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments	(22,374)		(24,564)
Distributions of income from preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments	27,098		30,676
Stock based compensation expense, net	5,334		4,836
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	1,474		472
Net cash provided by operating activities	78,199		73,791
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sales of investment securities	24,374		115,398
Principal paydowns received on investment securities	24,106		30,541
Purchases of investment securities	—		(24,926)
Principal repayments received on residential loans	678,617		441,433
Proceeds from sales of residential loans	—		17,944
Purchases of residential loans	(1,570,452)		(604,663)
Principal repayments received on preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments	12,950		35,500
Return of capital from equity investments	30,250		50,275
Funding of preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments	(19,191)		(320)
Funding of joint venture investments in Consolidated VIEs	(177,570)		(22,400)
Net proceeds from sale of real estate	52,207		4,188
Cash received from initial consolidation of VIEs	6,897		2,723
Purchases of and capital expenditures on real estate	(173,539)		(2,727)
Purchases of other assets	(83)		(44)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(1,111,434)		42,922
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net proceeds received from (payments made on) repurchase agreements	1,138,474		(66,141)
Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes, net	—		96,267
Proceeds from issuance of collateralized debt obligations, net	508,819		178,352
Repayment of convertible notes	(138,000)		—
Repurchases of common stock	(7,541)		—
Dividends paid on common stock and dividend equivalents	(76,249)		(75,735)
Dividends paid on preferred stock	(20,417)		(20,593)
Distributions to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(2,386)		(13)
Payments made on and extinguishment of collateralized debt obligations	(86,429)		(64,542)
Payments made on Consolidated SLST CDOs	(71,654)		(68,314)
Net proceeds received from mortgages payable on real estate	2,475		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	1,247,092		(20,719)
Net Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	213,857		95,994
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - Beginning of Period	337,861		304,490
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - End of Period	$	551,718	$	400,484
Supplemental Disclosure:
Cash paid for interest	$	60,711	$	35,194
Cash paid for income taxes	$	112	$	6

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

9

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)

Non-Cash Investment Activities:
Consolidation of real estate held in Consolidated VIEs	$	664,437	$	73,513
Consolidation of mortgages payable on real estate held in Consolidated VIEs	$	518,229	$	61,831
Transfer from residential loans to real estate owned	$	1,855	$	2,674
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Dividends declared on common stock and dividend equivalents to be paid in subsequent period	$	38,533	$	37,942
Dividends declared on preferred stock to be paid in subsequent period	$	10,493	$	10,296
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Reconciliation:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	407,104	$	324,927
Restricted cash included in other assets	144,614		75,557
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	551,718	$	400,484

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

10

NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 30, 2022

(unaudited)

1.Organization

New York Mortgage Trust, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries (“NYMT,” “we,” “our,” or the “Company”), is a real estate investment trust ("REIT") in the business of acquiring, investing in, financing and managing primarily mortgage-related single-family and multi-family residential assets, including joint venture equity investments in multi-family apartment communities. Our objective is to deliver long-term stable distributions to our stockholders over changing economic conditions through a combination of net interest margin and capital gains from a diversified investment portfolio. Our investment portfolio includes credit sensitive single-family and multi-family assets.

The Company conducts its business through the parent company, New York Mortgage Trust, Inc., and several subsidiaries, including taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”), qualified REIT subsidiaries (“QRSs”) and special purpose subsidiaries established for securitization purposes. The Company consolidates all of its subsidiaries under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

The Company is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, the Company will generally not be subject to federal income taxes on that portion of its income that is distributed to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders by the due date of its federal income tax return and complies with various other requirements.

11

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Definitions – The following defines certain of the commonly used terms in these financial statements: 

“RMBS” refers to residential mortgage-backed securities backed by adjustable-rate, hybrid adjustable-rate, or fixed-rate residential loans;

“Agency RMBS” refers to RMBS representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of residential loans guaranteed by a government sponsored enterprise (“GSE”), such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), or an agency of the U.S. government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”);

“non-Agency RMBS” refers to RMBS that are not guaranteed by any agency of the U.S. Government or GSE;

“IOs” refers collectively to interest only and inverse interest only mortgage-backed securities that represent the right to the interest component of the cash flow from a pool of mortgage loans;

“POs” refers to mortgage-backed securities that represent the right to the principal component of the cash flow from a pool of mortgage loans;

“ABS” refers to debt and/or equity tranches of securitizations backed by various asset classes including, but not limited to, automobiles, aircraft, credit cards, equipment, franchises, recreational vehicles and student loans;

“CMBS” refers to commercial mortgage-backed securities comprised of commercial mortgage pass-through securities issued by a GSE, as well as PO, IO or mezzanine securities that represent the right to a specific component of the cash flow from a pool of commercial mortgage loans;

“CDO” refers to collateralized debt obligation and includes debt that permanently finances the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST, the Company's residential loans held in securitization trusts and a non-Agency RMBS re-securitization that we consolidate, or consolidated, in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP;

“business purpose loans” refers to short-term loans collateralized by residential properties made to investors who intend to rehabilitate and sell the residential property for a profit or loans which finance (or refinance) non-owner occupied residential properties that are rented to one or more tenants;

“Consolidated SLST” refers to a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization, comprised of seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans, of which we own or owned the first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs and senior securities that we consolidate in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP; and

“SOFR” refers to Secured Overnight Funding Rate.

Basis of Presentation – The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 has been derived from audited financial statements. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 are unaudited. In our opinion, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation S-X and the instructions to Form 10-Q. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, significant accounting policies and other disclosures have been omitted since such items are disclosed in Note 2 in the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Provided in this section is a summary of additional accounting policies that are significant to, or newly adopted by, the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management has made significant estimates in several areas, including fair valuation of its residential loans, multi-family loans, certain equity investments and Consolidated SLST CDOs. Although the Company’s estimates contemplate current conditions and how it expects those conditions to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and its financial condition.

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The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting emergency measures have led (and may continue to lead) to significant disruptions in the global supply chain, global capital markets, the economy of the U.S. and the economies of other countries impacted by COVID-19. The fluidity of this situation precludes any prediction as to the ultimate adverse impact of COVID-19 on economic and market conditions. The Company believes the estimates and assumptions underlying our condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and supportable based on the information available as of June 30, 2022; however, uncertainty over the ultimate impact COVID-19 will have on the global economy generally, and our business in particular, makes any estimates and assumptions as of June 30, 2022 inherently less certain than they would be absent the current and potential impacts of COVID-19. Accordingly, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and its financial condition.

Reclassifications – Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to current period presentation.

Principles of Consolidation and Variable Interest Entities – The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of all its subsidiaries which are majority-owned, controlled by the Company or a variable interest entity (“VIE”) where the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. The Company consolidates a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810") when it is the primary beneficiary of such VIE, herein referred to as a "Consolidated VIE". As primary beneficiary, the Company has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and a right to receive benefits or absorb losses of the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE. The Company is required to reconsider its evaluation of whether to consolidate a VIE each reporting period, based upon changes in the facts and circumstances pertaining to the VIE.

The Company evaluates the initial consolidation of each Consolidated VIE, which includes a determination of whether the VIE constitutes the definition of a business in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"), by considering if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets within the VIE are concentrated in either a single identifiable asset or group of single identifiable assets. Upon consolidation, the Company recognizes the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any third-party ownership of membership interests as non-controlling interest as of the consolidation or acquisition date, measured at their relative fair values (see Note 7). Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs is adjusted prospectively for its share of the allocation of income or loss and equity contributions and distributions from each respective Consolidated VIE. The third-party owners of certain of the non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs have the ability to sell their ownership interests to the Company, at their election. The Company has classified these third-party ownership interests as redeemable non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs in mezzanine equity on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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Summary of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting ("ASU 2020-04"). ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions to GAAP requirements for modifications to debt agreements, leases, derivatives and other contracts, related to the expected market transition from LIBOR, and certain other floating rate benchmark indices, or collectively, IBORs, to alternative reference rates. ASU 2020-04 generally considers contract modifications related to reference rate reform to be an event that does not require contract remeasurement at the modification date nor a reassessment of a previous accounting determination. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope ("ASU 2021-01"). ASU 2021-01 clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the "discounting transition" (i.e., changes in the interest rates used for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment for derivative instruments that are being implemented as part of the market-wide transition to new reference rates). The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time, through December 31, 2022, as reference rate reform activities occur. Once ASU 2020-04 is elected, the guidance must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications. The amendments in ASU 2021-01 were effective immediately and may be applied on a full retrospective basis as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020 or on a prospective basis for eligible contract modifications through December 31, 2022. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 on its financing transactions that are subject to LIBOR and may apply elections, as applicable, as the expected market transition from IBORs to alternative reference rates continues to develop.

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3.Residential Loans, at Fair Value

The Company’s acquired residential loans, including performing, re-performing and non-performing residential loans, and business purpose loans, are presented at fair value on its condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of a fair value election. Subsequent changes in fair value are reported in current period earnings and presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents the Company’s residential loans, at fair value, which consist of residential loans held by the Company, Consolidated SLST and other securitization trusts, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Residential loans (1)		Consolidated SLST (2)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts (3)		Total		Residential loans (1)		Consolidated SLST (2)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts (3)		Total
Principal	$	2,262,439	$	1,000,120	$	1,232,355	$	4,494,914	$	1,682,138	$	1,071,228	$	776,438	$	3,529,804
(Discount)/premium	(34,778)		(4,551)		(50,754)		(90,083)		(44,256)		(2,998)		(37,011)		(84,265)
Unrealized (losses) gains	(34,342)		(74,791)		33,494		(75,639)		65,408		2,652		62,002		130,062
Carrying value	$	2,193,319	$	920,778	$	1,215,095	$	4,329,192	$	1,703,290	$	1,070,882	$	801,429	$	3,575,601

(1)Certain of the Company's residential loans, at fair value are pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (see Note 10).

(2)The Company invests in first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs issued by a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization. In accordance with GAAP, the Company has consolidated the underlying seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans held in the securitization and the CDOs issued to permanently finance these residential loans, representing Consolidated SLST. Consolidated SLST CDOs are included in collateralized debt obligations on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 11).

(3)The Company's residential loans held in securitization trusts are pledged as collateral for CDOs issued by the Company. These CDOs are accounted for as financings and included in collateralized debt obligations on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 11).

The following table presents the unrealized gains (losses), net attributable to residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2022						June 30, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(30,078)	$	(10,798)	$	(34,883)	$	1,009	$	6,471	$	4,893

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2022						June 30, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(55,602)	$	(77,443)	$	(72,657)	$	7,435	$	(18,872)	$	17,143

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(1)In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST, including investment securities we own, as the fair value of these instruments is more observable (see Note 14). See Note 7 for unrealized gains (losses), net recognized by the Company on its investment in Consolidated SLST, which include unrealized gains (losses) on the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST presented in the table above and unrealized gains (losses) on the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST.

The Company recognized $3.2 million and $7.1 million of net realized gains on the payoff of residential loans, at fair value during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The Company recognized $4.9 million and $8.3 million of net realized gains on the payoff of residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. The Company also recognized $0.3 million and $0.5 million of net realized gains on the sale of residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. The Company did not sell any residential loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the unpaid principal balance of residential loans, at fair value as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
California	21.9	%	10.5	%	23.8	%	21.7	%	10.5	%	22.0	%
Florida	11.2	%	10.4	%	10.1	%	10.4	%	10.5	%	8.9	%
New York	8.8	%	9.7	%	7.5	%	8.8	%	9.8	%	9.2	%
Texas	7.5	%	4.0	%	5.4	%	7.4	%	4.0	%	4.3	%
New Jersey	6.9	%	7.5	%	4.7	%	5.9	%	7.3	%	6.4	%
Washington	5.4	%	1.8	%	3.2	%	4.4	%	1.9	%	3.2	%
Illinois	2.9	%	7.2	%	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.1	%	2.3	%
Massachusetts	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.5	%	4.6	%	2.7	%	5.6	%

The following table presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts in non-accrual status as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Greater than 90 days past due				Less than 90 days past due
	Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance		Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance
June 30, 2022	$	115,696	$	123,559	$	10,588	$	11,219
December 31, 2021	92,990		102,981		17,102		17,716

Residential loans held in Consolidated SLST with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $138.6 million and $135.9 million were 90 days or more delinquent as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

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4.Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value

The Company's multi-family loans consisting of its preferred equity in, and mezzanine loans to, entities that have multi-family real estate assets are presented at fair value on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of a fair value election. Accordingly, changes in fair value are presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. Multi-family loans consist of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Investment amount	$	105,399	$	118,307
Deferred loan fees, net	(517)		(672)
Unrealized gains, net	1,943		2,386
Total, at Fair Value	$	106,825	$	120,021

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $11.9 thousand in net unrealized gains and $0.4 million in net unrealized losses on preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments included in multi-family loans, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.3 million in net unrealized gains on preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments included in multi-family loans, respectively.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $1.0 million in premiums resulting from early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loans included in multi-family loans, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $1.5 million and $2.0 million in premiums resulting from early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loans included in multi-family loans, respectively. Premiums resulting from early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loans accounted for as multi-family loans are included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The table below presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's multi-family loans in non-accrual status as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Days Late	Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance		Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance
90 +	$	4,370	$	3,363	$	3,972	$	3,363

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total multi-family loan investment amounts as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Texas	25.1	%	28.3	%
Florida	13.9	%	12.2	%
Tennessee	12.7	%	11.0	%
Georgia	8.5	%	7.4	%
Ohio	8.1	%	7.2	%
Louisiana	6.3	%	5.8	%
Alabama	5.8	%	5.0	%
North Carolina	5.0	%	7.0	%

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5.Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value

The Company accounts for certain of its investment securities available for sale using the fair value election pursuant to ASC 825, Financial Instruments ("ASC 825"), where changes in fair value are recorded in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company also has investment securities available for sale where the fair value option has not been elected, which we refer to as CECL Securities. CECL Securities are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The Company's investment securities available for sale consisted of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Unrealized				Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized				Fair Value
			Gains		Losses						Gains		Losses
Fair Value Option
Non-Agency RMBS	$	50,307	$	7,009	$	(7,076)	$	50,240	$	100,186	$	949	$	(2,636)	$	98,499
CMBS	32,600		—		(2,504)		30,096		32,600		684		(138)		33,146
ABS	19,371		16,217		—		35,588		21,795		17,884		—		39,679
Total investment securities available for sale - fair value option	102,278		23,226		(9,580)		115,924		154,581		19,517		(2,774)		171,324
CECL Securities
Non-Agency RMBS	25,526		—		(944)		24,582		27,743		1,787		(10)		29,520
Total investment securities available for sale - CECL Securities	25,526		—		(944)		24,582		27,743		1,787		(10)		29,520
Total	$	127,804	$	23,226	$	(10,524)	$	140,506	$	182,324	$	21,304	$	(2,784)	$	200,844

Accrued interest receivable for investment securities available for sale in the amount of $0.4 million and $0.7 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, is included in other assets on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $1.5 million in net unrealized gains and $3.1 million in net unrealized losses on investment securities available for sale accounted for under the fair value option, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $8.0 million and $6.1 million in net unrealized gains on investment securities available for sale accounted for under the fair value option, respectively.

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Realized Gain and Loss Activity

The Company did not sell investment securities during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The following tables summarize our investment securities sold during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
CMBS	$	3,770	$	392	$	—	$	392
Total	$	3,770	$	392	$	—	$	392

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
Non-Agency RMBS	$	24,374	$	374	$	—	$	374
Total	$	24,374	$	374	$	—	$	374

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
Non-Agency RMBS	$	72,083	$	12	$	(833)	$	(821)
CMBS	43,315		5,587		—		5,587
Total	$	115,398	$	5,599	$	(833)	$	4,766

Weighted Average Life

Actual maturities of our investment securities available for sale are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities (with contractual maturities up to 37 years), as they are affected by periodic payments and prepayments of principal on the underlying mortgages. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, based on management’s estimates, the weighted average life of the Company’s investment securities available for sale portfolio was approximately 6.0 years and 5.8 years, respectively.

The following table sets forth the weighted average lives of our investment securities available for sale as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Weighted Average Life	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
0 to 5 years	$	68,455	$	144,266
Over 5 to 10 years	58,419		39,306
10+ years	13,632		17,272
Total	$	140,506	$	200,844

Unrealized Losses in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company evaluated its CECL Securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and determined that no allowance for credit losses was necessary. The Company did not recognize credit losses for its CECL Securities through earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

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The following table presents the Company's CECL Securities in an unrealized loss position with no credit losses reported, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months				Total
	Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Non-Agency RMBS	$	24,540	$	(938)	$	42	$	(6)	$	24,582	$	(944)
Total	$	24,540	$	(938)	$	42	$	(6)	$	24,582	$	(944)

December 31, 2021	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months				Total
	Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Non-Agency RMBS	$	2,300	$	(3)	$	48	$	(7)	$	2,348	$	(10)
Total	$	2,300	$	(3)	$	48	$	(7)	$	2,348	$	(10)

At June 30, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of its investment securities available for sale that were in an unrealized loss position, and it was “more likely than not” that the Company would not be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at their maturity.

Credit risk associated with non-Agency RMBS is regularly assessed as new information regarding the underlying collateral becomes available and based on updated estimates of cash flows generated by the underlying collateral. In performing its assessment, the Company considers past and expected future performance of the underlying collateral, including timing of expected future cash flows, prepayment rates, default rates, loss severities, delinquency rates, current levels of subordination, volatility of the security's fair value, temporary declines in liquidity for the asset class and interest rate changes since purchase. Based upon the most recent evaluation, the Company does not believe that these unrealized losses are credit related but are rather a reflection of current market yields and/or marketplace bid-ask spreads.

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6.Equity Investments, at Fair Value

The Company's equity investments consist of, or have consisted of, preferred equity ownership interests in entities that invest in multi-family properties where the risks and payment characteristics are equivalent to an equity investment (or multi-family preferred equity ownership interests), equity ownership interests in entities that invest in single-family properties and invest in or originate residential loans (or single-family equity ownership interests) and joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties. The Company's equity investments are accounted for under the equity method and are presented at fair value on its condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of a fair value election.

The following table presents the Company's equity investments as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Investment Name	Ownership Interest	Fair Value		Ownership Interest	Fair Value
Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC	45%	$	20,586	45%	$	19,965
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)	43%	6,047		43%	5,725
1122 Chicago DE, LLC	53%	7,998		53%	7,723
Bighaus, LLC	42%	15,987		42%	15,471
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC	51%	26,403		51%	25,499
Lurin-RMI, LLC	38%	10,985		38%	9,548
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC	34%	5,338		34%	5,175
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC	62%	30,367		62%	30,383
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC	57%	17,814		57%	17,213
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC	70%	17,271		70%	16,597
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC	58%	19,987		—	—
DCP Gold Creek, LLC	—	—		44%	6,686
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC	—	—		56%	11,331
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.	—	—		36%	9,482
Total - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests		178,783			180,798
Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC	70%	3,982		70%	3,770
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC	70%	7,008		70%	6,670
Total - Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties		10,990			10,440
Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	11%	2,878		11%	19,143
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	—	31,000		—	29,250
Total - Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests		33,878			48,393
Total		$	223,651		$	239,631

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed, subject to holdbacks, as a result of a sale transaction initiated by the general partner during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)The Company has the option to purchase 50% of the issued and outstanding interests of an entity that originates residential loans. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method and has elected the fair value option. The Company purchased $82.1 million and $252.3 million of residential loans from the entity during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.    

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The Company records its equity in earnings or losses from its multi-family preferred equity ownership interests under the hypothetical liquidation of book value method of accounting due to the structures and the preferences it receives on the distributions from these entities pursuant to the respective agreements. Under this method, the Company recognizes income or loss in each period based on the change in liquidation proceeds it would receive from a hypothetical liquidation of its investment. Pursuant to the fair value election, changes in fair value of the Company's multi-family preferred equity ownership interests are reported in current period earnings.

The following table presents income from multi-family preferred equity ownership interests for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Income from these investments is presented in income from equity investments in the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Income from these investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 includes $0.3 million and $0.4 million of net unrealized gains, respectively. Income from these investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 includes $0.8 million and $0.9 million of net unrealized gains, respectively.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment Name	2022		2021		2022		2021
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC	$	596	$	675	$	1,183	$	1,141
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)	163		174		322		298
DCP Gold Creek, LLC	(599)		197		254		400
1122 Chicago DE, LLC	241		225		478		446
Bighaus, LLC	472		443		937		879
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC	812		758		1,610		1,504
Lurin-RMI, LLC	1,520		235		1,800		470
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC	158		—		313		—
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC	902		—		1,804		—
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC	559		—		1,108		—
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC	614		—		1,215		—
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC	591		—		1,107		—
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC	—		896		(174)		1,215
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.	—		263		(153)		541
BBA-EP320 II, L.L.C., BBA-Ten10 II, L.L.C., and Lexington on the Green Apartments, L.L.C. (collectively)	—		357		—		704
Audubon Mezzanine Holdings, L.L.C. (Series A)	—		357		—		721
EP 320 Growth Fund, L.L.C. (Series A) and Turnbury Park Apartments - BC, L.L.C. (Series A) (collectively)	—		240		—		419
Towers Property Holdings, LLC	—		361		—		740
Mansions Property Holdings, LLC	—		348		—		713
Sabina Montgomery Holdings, LLC - Series B and Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series A (collectively)	—		131		—		266
Gen1814, LLC - Series A, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series A, and Polos at Hudson Investments, LLC - Series A (collectively)	—		302		—		616
Axis Apartments Holdings, LLC, Arbor-Stratford Holdings II, LLC - Series B, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series B, Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series C, and Woodland Park Apartments II, LLC (collectively)	—		374		—		762
Total Income - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests	$	6,029	$	6,336	$	11,804	$	11,835

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.7 million and $1.5 million in premiums resulting from early redemption of multi-family preferred equity ownership interests included in equity investments, which are included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized no premiums resulting from early redemption of multi-family preferred equity ownership interests included in equity investments.

22

Income from single-family equity ownership interests and joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties that are accounted for under the equity method using the fair value option is presented in income from equity investments in the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table presents income from these investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):    

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment Name	2022		2021		2022		2021
Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	$	22	$	998	$	50	$	2,186
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	1,750		—		1,750		—
Headlands Asset Management Fund III (Cayman), LP (Headlands Flagship Opportunity Fund Series I) (3)	—		3,273		—		(15)
Total Income - Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests	$	1,772	$	4,271	$	1,800	$	2,171
Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties (4)
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC	$	111	$	—	$	211	$	—
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC	188		—		338		—
Total Income - Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties	$	299	$	—	$	549	$	—

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)Includes net unrealized gain of $1.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

(3)The Company's equity investment was redeemed during the year ended December 31, 2021.

(4)Includes net unrealized gain of $0.3 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

23

7.Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE)

Financing VIEs

The Company uses SPEs to facilitate transactions that involve securitizing financial assets or re-securitizing previously securitized financial assets. The objective of such transactions may include obtaining non-recourse financing, obtaining liquidity or refinancing the underlying securitized financial assets on improved terms. Securitization involves transferring assets to an SPE to convert all or a portion of those assets into cash before they would have been realized in the normal course of business through the SPE’s issuance of debt or equity instruments. Investors in an SPE usually have recourse only to the assets in the SPE and depending on the overall structure of the transaction, may benefit from various forms of credit enhancement, such as over-collateralization in the form of excess assets in the SPE, priority with respect to receipt of cash flows relative to holders of other debt or equity instruments issued by the SPE, or a line of credit or other form of liquidity agreement that is designed with the objective of ensuring that investors receive principal and/or interest cash flow on the investment in accordance with the terms of their investment agreement.    

The Company has entered into financing transactions, including residential loan securitizations and re-securitizations, which required the Company to analyze and determine whether the SPEs that were created to facilitate the transactions are VIEs in accordance with ASC 810 and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary requiring consolidation.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company evaluated its residential loan securitizations and concluded that the entities created to facilitate each of the financing transactions are VIEs and that the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs (each a “Financing VIE” and collectively, the “Financing VIEs”). Accordingly, the Company consolidated the then-outstanding Financing VIEs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company exercised its right to an optional redemption of its non-Agency RMBS re-securitization with an outstanding principal balance of $14.7 million at the time of redemption and returned the assets held by the trust to the Company.

Consolidated SLST

The Company invests in subordinated securities that represent the first loss position of the Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization from which they were issued, and certain IOs and senior securities issued from the securitization. The Company has evaluated its investments in this securitization trust to determine whether it is a VIE and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary requiring consolidation. The Company has determined that the Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization trust, which we refer to as Consolidated SLST, is a VIE as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE within Consolidated SLST. Accordingly, the Company has consolidated the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of such VIE in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements (see Notes 2, 3 and 11). The Company has elected the fair value option on the assets and liabilities held within Consolidated SLST, which requires that changes in valuations in the assets and liabilities of Consolidated SLST be reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Company does not have any claims to the assets or obligations for the liabilities of Consolidated SLST, other than those securities owned by the Company as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 with a fair value of $208.6 million and $230.3 million, respectively (see Note 14). The Company’s investments that are included in Consolidated SLST were not included as collateral to any Financing VIE as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Consolidated Real Estate VIEs

The Company invests in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidates the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of these VIEs in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements with non-controlling interests or redeemable non-controlling interests for the third-party ownership of the joint ventures' membership interests. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, a Consolidated VIE purchased two multi-family apartment communities. The Company accounted for the initial consolidation of the joint venture investments and the real estate acquisitions by a Consolidated VIE in accordance with asset acquisition provisions of ASC 805, as substantially all of the fair value of the assets within the entities are concentrated in either a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets.

24

The following table summarizes the aggregate estimated fair value of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests associated with the initial consolidation of the joint venture entities and real estate acquisitions by a Consolidated VIE during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cash	$	1,474	$	973	$	8,576	$	2,723
Operating real estate (1)	202,220		42,050		730,988		73,513
Lease intangibles (2)	14,431		3,320		41,892		4,964
Other assets	2,706		3,851		8,836		5,695
Total assets	220,831		50,194		790,292		86,895
Mortgages payable on real estate, net	156,494		36,057		566,250		61,831
Other liabilities	1,482		652		4,662		797
Total liabilities	157,976		36,709		570,912		62,628
Non-controlling interest (3)	5,805		1,335		16,293		1,874
Net assets consolidated	$	57,050	$	12,150	$	203,087	$	22,393

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its variable interest in a VIE that owns a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. The Company determined that it gained the power to direct the activities, and became primary beneficiary, of the VIE and consolidated this VIE into its consolidated financial statements. Subsequently, in July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest which resulted in an equity transaction accounted for by the Company in accordance with ASC 810. In addition, the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its investment in the entity and determined that the entity no longer met the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of its multi-family apartment community and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment (see Note 8).

In analyzing whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the Financing VIEs, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs, the Company considered its involvement in each of the VIEs, including the design and purpose of each VIE, and whether its involvement reflected a controlling financial interest that resulted in the Company being deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. In determining whether the Company would be considered the primary beneficiary, the following factors were assessed:

•whether the Company has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE; and

•whether the Company has a right to receive benefits or absorb losses of the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE.

25

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	38,233	$	38,233
Residential loans, at fair value	1,215,095		920,778		—		2,135,873
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		1,649,472		1,649,472
Other assets	77,630		3,314		48,087		129,031
Total assets	$	1,292,725	$	924,092	$	1,735,792	$	3,952,609
Collateralized debt obligations ($1,107,091 at amortized cost, net and $710,233 at fair value)	$	1,107,091	$	710,233	$	—	$	1,817,324
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		1,251,059		1,251,059
Other liabilities	43,477		3,859		25,755		73,091
Total liabilities	$	1,150,568	$	714,092	$	1,276,814	$	3,141,474
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	37,101	$	37,101
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	34,080	$	34,080
Net investment (5)	$	142,157	$	210,000	$	387,797	$	739,954

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

26

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	29,606	$	29,606
Residential loans, at fair value	801,429		1,070,882		—		1,872,311
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		927,725		927,725
Other assets	36,767		3,547		70,557		110,871
Total assets	$	838,196	$	1,074,429	$	1,027,888	$	2,940,513
Collateralized debt obligations ($682,802 at amortized cost, net and $839,419 at fair value)	$	682,802	$	839,419	$	—	$	1,522,221
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		672,568		672,568
Other liabilities	20,156		3,193		17,527		40,876
Total liabilities	$	702,958	$	842,612	$	690,095	$	2,235,665
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	66,392	$	66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	24,359	$	24,359
Net investment (5)	$	135,238	$	231,817	$	247,042	$	614,097

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

27

The following table presents condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Interest income	$	9,254	$	—	$	9,254	$	10,479	$	—	$	10,479
Interest expense	6,208		13,148		19,356		7,151		430		7,581
Total net interest income (expense)	3,046		(13,148)		(10,102)		3,328		(430)		2,898
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(4,275)		—		(4,275)		9,793		—		9,793
Income from real estate	—		34,409		34,409		—		2,150		2,150
Total non-interest (loss) income	(4,275)		34,409		30,134		9,793		2,150		11,943
Expenses related to real estate (1)	—		68,337		68,337		—		3,913		3,913
Net (loss) income	(1,229)		(47,076)		(48,305)		13,121		(2,193)		10,928
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	—		18,922		18,922		—		1,625		1,625
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(1,229)	$	(28,154)	$	(29,383)	$	13,121	$	(568)	$	12,553

(1)See Note 8 for depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate.

The following table presents condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Interest income	$	18,635	$	—	$	18,635	$	20,797	$	—	$	20,797
Interest expense	12,186		19,983		32,169		14,254		740		14,994
Total net interest income (expense)	6,449		(19,983)		(13,534)		6,543		(740)		5,803
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(19,555)		—		(19,555)		19,018		—		19,018
Income from real estate	—		58,047		58,047		—		3,645		3,645
Total non-interest (loss) income	(19,555)		58,047		38,492		19,018		3,645		22,663
Expenses related to real estate (1)	—		114,783		114,783		—		6,837		6,837
Net (loss) income	(13,106)		(76,719)		(89,825)		25,561		(3,932)		21,629
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	—		33,792		33,792		—		3,034		3,034
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(13,106)	$	(42,927)	$	(56,033)	$	25,561	$	(898)	$	24,663

(1)See Note 8 for depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs

28

The third-party owners of certain of the non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs have the ability to sell their ownership interests to the Company, at their election. The Company has classified these third-party ownership interests as redeemable non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs in mezzanine equity on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The holders of the redeemable non-controlling interests may elect to sell their ownership interests to the Company at fair value once a year and the sales are subject to minimum and maximum amount limitations.

The following table presents activity in redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022		Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning balance	$	53,361	$	66,392
Contributions	41		315
Distributions	(1,133)		(1,810)
Net loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(15,168)		(27,796)
Ending balance	$	37,101	$	37,101

Unconsolidated VIEs

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company evaluated its investment securities available for sale, preferred equity and other equity investments to determine whether they are VIEs and should be consolidated by the Company. Based on a number of factors, the Company determined that, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, it does not have a controlling financial interest and is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. The following tables present the classification and carrying value of unconsolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Multi-family loans		Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		Equity investments		Total
ABS	$	—	$	35,588	$	—	$	35,588
Non-Agency RMBS	—		31,978		—		31,978
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties	106,825		—		178,783		285,608
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	—		—		10,990		10,990
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties	—		—		2,878		2,878
Maximum exposure	$	106,825	$	67,566	$	192,651	$	367,042

29

	December 31, 2021
	Multi-family loans		Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		Equity investments		Total
ABS	$	—	$	39,679	$	—	$	39,679
Non-Agency RMBS	—		30,924		—		30,924
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties	120,021		—		180,798		300,819
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	—		—		10,440		10,440
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties	—		—		19,143		19,143
Maximum exposure	$	120,021	$	70,603	$	210,381	$	401,005

30

8.Real Estate, Net

The following is a summary of real estate, net, collectively, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Land	$	218,223	$	111,182
Building and improvements	1,524,023		835,635
Furniture, fixture and equipment	46,491		23,546
Operating real estate	$	1,788,737	$	970,363
Accumulated depreciation	(27,332)		(3,890)
Operating real estate, net	$	1,761,405	$	966,473
Real estate held for sale, net (1)	$	30,915	$	51,110
Real estate, net	$	1,792,320	$	1,017,583

(1)Real estate held for sale, net is recorded at the lower of the net carrying amount of the assets or the estimated fair value, net of selling costs.

Multi-family Apartment Properties

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company invested in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the joint venture entities into its condensed consolidated financial statements (see Note 7). In June 2022, the Company determined that the multi-family apartment community owned by one of the joint venture investments met the criteria to be classified as held for sale, transferred the property held by the joint venture from operating real estate to real estate held for sale and recognized no loss.

As of June 30, 2021, the Company was the primary beneficiary of a VIE that owned a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the VIE into its condensed consolidated financial statements. In July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest, which caused the entity to no longer meet the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (see Note 7). In November 2021, the Company determined that the multi-family apartment community owned by the wholly-owned subsidiary met the criteria to be classified as held for sale, transferred the property held by the wholly-owned subsidiary from operating real estate to real estate held for sale and recognized a $0.2 million loss. In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of its multi-family apartment community for approximately $52.0 million, subject to certain prorations and adjustments typical in such real estate transactions, repaid the related mortgage payable in the amount of approximately $37.0 million and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment. The sale generated a net gain of approximately $0.4 million and a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.6 million, both of which are included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The multi-family apartment communities lease their apartment units to individual tenants at market rates for the production of rental income. These apartment units are generally leased at a fixed monthly rate with no option for the lessee to purchase the leased unit at any point.

Single-family Rental Properties

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company owned single-family rental homes. These units are leased to individual tenants for the production of rental income and are generally leased at a fixed monthly rate with no option for the lessee to purchase the leased unit at any point.

31

Lease Intangibles

Intangibles related to multi-family properties consist of the value of in-place leases and are included in other assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents the components of lease intangibles, net as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Lease intangibles	$	92,216	$	51,969
Accumulated amortization	(73,292)		(12,200)
Lease intangibles, net	$	18,924	$	39,769

Real Estate Income and Expenses

Rental income and other income derived from real estate are included in income from real estate in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate and other expenses incurred on real estate are included in expenses related to real estate on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table presents the components of income from real estate and expenses related to real estate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Rental income	$	32,137	$	2,078	$	55,425	$	3,567
Other income	3,733		72		6,033		78
Total income from real estate	$	35,870	$	2,150	$	61,458	$	3,645
Interest expense, mortgages payable on real estate (1)	$	13,151	$	430	$	20,308	$	740
Depreciation expense on operating real estate	$	15,132	$	838	$	25,244	$	1,519
Amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	37,262		1,516		62,737		2,758
Other expenses	18,365		1,559		30,767		2,560
Total expenses related to real estate	$	70,759	$	3,913	$	118,748	$	6,837

(1)Included in interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

32

9.Other Assets and Other Liabilities

Other Assets

The following table presents the components of the Company's other assets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Restricted cash (1)	$	144,614	$	48,259
Accrued interest receivable	38,136		26,688
Other assets in consolidated multi-family properties	25,160		21,668
Collections receivable from residential loan servicers	20,624		28,634
Lease intangibles, net in consolidated multi-family properties	18,924		39,769
Recoverable advances on residential loans	13,444		14,143
Other receivables	12,943		14,507
Operating lease right-of-use assets	8,429		9,011
Deferred tax assets	5,324		6,282
Real estate owned	2,552		2,055
Other	9,788		4,003
Total	$	299,938	$	215,019

(1)Restricted cash represents cash held by third parties, including cash held by the Company's securitization trusts and consolidated multi-family properties.

Other Liabilities

The following table presents the components of the Company's other liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Advanced remittances from residential loan servicers	$	94,377	$	16,603
Dividends and dividend equivalents payable	49,026		48,328
Accrued expenses and other liabilities in consolidated multi-family properties	25,755		22,583
Accrued expenses	13,887		13,408
Deferred revenue	11,507		13,019
Unfunded commitments for residential loans	9,663		21,364
Operating lease liabilities	8,994		9,584
Accrued interest payable	8,604		9,051
Deferred tax liabilities	5,558		6,681
Other	3,695		460
Total	$	231,066	$	161,081

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10.Repurchase Agreements

The following table presents the carrying value of the Company's repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Repurchase Agreements Secured By:	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Residential loans	$	1,564,545	$	554,259
Investment securities	129,331		—
Total carrying value	$	1,693,876	$	554,259

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's only repurchase agreement exposure where the amount at risk was in excess of 5% of the Company's stockholders’ equity was to Credit Suisse at 6.23%. The amount at risk is defined as the fair value of assets pledged as collateral to the financing arrangement in excess of the financing arrangement liability.

The financings under certain of our repurchase agreements are subject to margin calls to the extent the market value of the collateral subject to repurchase agreement falls below specified levels and repurchase may be accelerated upon an event of default under the repurchase agreements. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had assets available to be posted as margin which included liquid assets, such as unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, and unencumbered securities that could be monetized to pay down or collateralize the liability immediately. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $368.9 million included in cash and cash equivalents and $88.3 million in unencumbered investment securities available to meet additional haircuts or market valuation requirements. The following table presents information about the Company's unencumbered securities at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Unencumbered Securities	June 30, 2022
Non-Agency RMBS (1)	$	52,672
CMBS	—
ABS	35,588
Total	$	88,260

(1)Includes IOs in Consolidated SLST with a fair value of $19.7 million as of June 30, 2022.

Residential Loans

The Company has repurchase agreements with four financial institutions to fund the purchase of residential loans. The following table presents detailed information about the Company’s financings under these repurchase agreements and associated residential loans pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Aggregate Uncommitted Principal Amount		Outstanding Repurchase Agreements (1)		Net Deferred Finance Costs (2)		Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Loans Pledged		Weighted Average Rate		Weighted Average Months to Maturity (3)
June 30, 2022	$	2,140,048	$	1,566,926	$	(2,381)	$	1,564,545	$	1,887,742	3.81	%	14.51
December 31, 2021	$	1,252,352	$	554,784	$	(525)	$	554,259	$	729,649	2.79	%	4.38

(1)Includes non-mark-to-market repurchase agreements with an aggregate outstanding balance of $755.6 million, a weighted average rate of 4.01%, and weighted average months to maturity of 20.23 months as of June 30, 2022. Includes a non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement with an outstanding balance of $15.6 million, a rate of 4.00%, and months to maturity of 2.03 months as of December 31, 2021.

(2)Costs related to the repurchase agreements, which include commitment, underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, are reflected as deferred charges. Such costs are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, or straight line-method, if the result is not materially different.

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(3)The Company expects to roll outstanding amounts under these repurchase agreements into new repurchase agreements or other financings, or to repay outstanding amounts, prior to or at maturity.

During the terms of the repurchase agreements, proceeds from the residential loans will be applied to pay any price differential and to reduce the aggregate repurchase price of the collateral. The financings under the repurchase agreements with two of the counterparties with an aggregate outstanding balance of $811.4 million as of June 30, 2022 are subject to margin calls to the extent the market value of the residential loans falls below specified levels and repurchase may be accelerated upon an event of default under the repurchase agreements.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's repurchase agreements contain various covenants, including among other things, the maintenance of certain amounts of liquidity and total stockholders' equity. The Company is in compliance with such covenants as of June 30, 2022 and through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Investment Securities

The Company has entered into repurchase agreements with financial institutions to finance its investment securities portfolio (including investment securities available for sale and securities owned in Consolidated SLST). These repurchase agreements provide short-term financing that bear interest rates typically based on a spread to SOFR and are secured by the investment securities which they finance and additional collateral pledged, if any. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements with two counterparties. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements to finance investment securities.

The following table presents detailed information about the amounts outstanding under the Company’s repurchase agreements secured by investment securities and associated assets pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Collateral Pledged		Amortized Cost of Collateral Pledged
Non-Agency RMBS (1) (2)	$	113,650	$	233,407	$	263,768
CMBS	15,681		30,096		32,600
Balance at end of the period	$	129,331	$	263,503	$	296,368

(1)Includes first loss subordinated securities in Consolidated SLST with a fair value of $188.9 million as of June 30, 2022.

(2)Collateral pledged includes restricted cash posted as margin in the amount of $2.7 million.

As of June 30, 2022, the average days to maturity for repurchase agreements secured by investment securities was 11 days and the weighted average interest rate was 2.84%. The Company’s accrued interest payable on outstanding repurchase agreements secured by investment securities at June 30, 2022 amounted to $0.2 million and is included in other liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents contractual maturity information about the Company’s outstanding repurchase agreements secured by investment securities at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Contractual Maturity	June 30, 2022
Within 30 days	$	129,331
Over 30 day to 90 days	—
Over 90 days	—
Total	$	129,331

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As of June 30, 2022, the outstanding balance under our repurchase agreements secured by investment securities was funded at a weighted average advance rate of 51.7% that implies an average "haircut" of 48.3%. As of June 30, 2022, the weighted average “haircut” related to our repurchase agreement financing for our non-Agency RMBS and CMBS was approximately 48.7% and 45.0%, respectively.

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11.Collateralized Debt Obligations

The Company's collateralized debt obligations, or CDOs, are accounted for as financings and are non-recourse debt to the Company. See Note 7 for further discussion regarding the collateral pledged for the Company's CDOs as well as the Company's net investments in the related securitizations.

The following tables present a summary of the Company's CDOs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	742,601	$	710,233	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	1,112,421		1,107,091		2.77	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,855,022	$	1,817,324

	December 31, 2021
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	814,256	$	839,419	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	686,122		682,802		2.43	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,500,378	$	1,522,221

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding face amount and stated interest rate of notes issued by the securitization and not owned by the Company.

(2)The actual maturity of the Company's CDOs are primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. The CDOs are also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents. As a result, the actual maturity of the CDOs may occur earlier than the stated maturity.

(3)The Company has elected the fair value option for CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST (see Note 14).

The Company's collateralized debt obligations as of June 30, 2022 had stated maturities as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Total
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	180,000
2027	225,000
Thereafter	1,450,022
Total	$	1,855,022

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12.    Debt

Convertible Notes    

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.25% Senior Convertible Notes due 2022 (the "Convertible Notes") outstanding. Costs related to the issuance of the Convertible Notes which included underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, were reflected as deferred charges. The underwriter's discount and deferred charges, net of amortization, were presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $0.1 million as of December 31, 2021. The underwriter's discount and deferred charges were amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 8.24%.      

The Convertible Notes were issued at 96% of the principal amount, bore interest at a rate equal to 6.25% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, and matured on January 15, 2022. The Company did not have the right to redeem the Convertible Notes prior to maturity and no sinking fund was provided for the Convertible Notes. Holders of the Convertible Notes were permitted to convert their Convertible Notes into shares of the Company's common stock at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 15, 2022. The conversion rate for the Convertible Notes, which was subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, initially equaled 142.7144 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, which was equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $7.01 per share of the Company’s common stock, based on a $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes were senior unsecured obligations of the Company that ranked pari passu in right of payment with the Company's senior unsecured indebtedness and ranked senior in right of payment to the Company's subordinated debentures and any of its other indebtedness that was expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes.

The Company redeemed the Convertible Notes at maturity for $138.0 million on January 15, 2022. None of the Convertible Notes were converted prior to maturity. 

The following table presents interest expense from the Convertible Notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Contractual interest expense	$	—	$	2,156	$	335	$	4,312
Amortization of underwriter's discount and deferred charges	—		632		103		1,260
Total	$	—	$	2,788	$	438	$	5,572

Senior Unsecured Notes    

On April 27, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale to various qualified institutional investors of $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its unregistered 5.75% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "Unregistered Notes") in a private placement offering at 100% of the principal amount. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Unregistered Notes, after deducting offering expenses, were approximately $96.3 million. Subsequent to the issuance of the Unregistered Notes, the Company conducted an exchange offer wherein the Company exchanged its registered 5.75% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "Registered Notes" and, together with the aggregate principal amount of Unregistered Notes that remain outstanding, the "Senior Unsecured Notes") for an equal principal amount of Unregistered Notes.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its Senior Unsecured Notes outstanding. Costs related to the issuance of the Senior Unsecured Notes which include underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, are reflected as deferred charges. The deferred charges, net of amortization, are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $3.0 million and $3.3 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The deferred charges are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 6.64%.     

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The Senior Unsecured Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.75% per year, subject to adjustment from time to time based on changes in the ratings of the Senior Unsecured Notes by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (a “NRSRO”). The annual interest rate on the Senior Unsecured Notes will increase by (i) 0.50% per year beginning on the first day of any six-month interest period if as of such day the Senior Unsecured Notes have a rating of BB+ or below and above B+ from any NRSRO and (ii) 0.75% per year beginning on the first day of any six-month interest period if as of such day the Senior Unsecured Notes have a rating of B+ or below or no rating from any NRSRO. Interest on the Senior Unsecured Notes is paid semi-annually in arrears on April 30 and October 30 of each year and the Senior Unsecured Notes will mature on April 30, 2026.

The Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to April 30, 2023 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus the applicable "make-whole" premium, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. The "make-whole" premium is equal to the present value of all interest that would have accrued between the redemption date and up to, but excluding, April 30, 2023, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by 2.875%. On and after April 30, 2023, the Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by a date-dependent multiple as detailed in the following table:

Redemption Period	Multiple
April 30, 2023 - April 29, 2024	2.875	%
April 30, 2024 - April 29, 2025	1.4375	%
April 30, 2025 - April 29, 2026	—

No sinking fund is provided for the Senior Unsecured Notes. The Senior Unsecured Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company that are structurally subordinated in right of payment to the Company's subordinated debentures.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's Senior Unsecured Notes contain various covenants including the maintenance of a minimum net asset value, ratio of unencumbered assets to unsecured indebtedness and senior debt service coverage ratio and limit the amount of leverage the Company may utilize and its ability to transfer the Company’s assets substantially as an entirety or merge into or consolidate with another person. The Company is in compliance with such covenants as of June 30, 2022 and through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Subordinated Debentures

Subordinated debentures are trust preferred securities that are fully guaranteed by the Company with respect to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation, redemption or repayment. The following table summarizes the key details of the Company’s subordinated debentures as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	NYM Preferred Trust I		NYM Preferred Trust II
Principal value of trust preferred securities	$	25,000	$	20,000
Interest rate	Three month LIBOR plus 3.75%, resetting quarterly		Three month LIBOR plus 3.95%, resetting quarterly
Scheduled maturity	March 30, 2035		October 30, 2035

As of August 4, 2022, the Company has not been notified, and is not aware, of any event of default under the indenture for the subordinated debentures.

Mortgages Payable on Real Estate

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company invested in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the joint venture entities into its condensed consolidated financial statements (see Note 7).

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As of June 30, 2021, the Company was the primary beneficiary of a VIE that owned a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the VIE into its condensed consolidated financial statements. Subsequently, in July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest and the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its investment in the entity. The Company determined that the entity no longer met the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (see Note 7). In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of this multi-family apartment community and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment. In conjunction with the sale, the entity repaid the related mortgage payable in the amount of approximately $37.0 million and recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.6 million, which is included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The consolidated multi-family apartment communities are subject to mortgages payable collateralized by the associated real estate assets. The Company has no obligation for repayment of the mortgages payable but, with respect to certain of the mortgages payable, we may execute a non-recourse guaranty related to commitment of bad acts. The following table presents detailed information for these mortgages payable on real estate as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount		Outstanding Mortgage Balance		Net Deferred Finance Cost		Mortgage Payable, Net		Stated Maturity	Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)
June 30, 2022	$	1,354,367	$	1,272,515	$	(21,456)	$	1,251,059	2024 - 2032	4.00	%
December 31, 2021	745,915		718,717		(9,361)		709,356		2024 - 2031	3.56	%

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding mortgage balance and interest rate as of the date indicated.

Debt Maturities

As of June 30, 2022, maturities for debt on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,	Outstanding Balance
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	—
Thereafter	453,689
	$	1,417,515

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13.    Commitments and Contingencies

Impact of COVID-19

As further discussed in Note 2, the full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy generally, and the Company's business in particular, is uncertain. As of June 30, 2022, no contingencies have been recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic; however, as the global pandemic and its economic implications continue, it may have long-term impacts on the Company's operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows.

Outstanding Litigation

The Company is at times subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. As of June 30, 2022, the Company does not believe that any of its current legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Investment Commitment

The Company has entered into an agreement to fund joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties totaling $40.0 million with certain members of its existing joint ventures.

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14.    Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company has established and documented processes for determining fair values. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If listed prices or quotes are not available, then fair value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use inputs that are market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, including interest rate yield curves.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

Level 1 - inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 - inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following describes the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

a.Residential Loans Held in Consolidated SLST – Residential loans held in Consolidated SLST are carried at fair value and classified as Level 3 fair values. In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by the securitization and its investment in the securitization (eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP), as the fair value of these instruments is more observable.

The investment securities (eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP) that we own in the securitization are generally illiquid and trade infrequently. As such, they are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair valuation of these investment securities is determined based on an internal valuation model that considers expected cash flows from the underlying loans and yields required by market participants. The significant unobservable inputs used in the measurement of these investments are projected losses within the pool of loans and a discount rate. The discount rate used in determining fair value incorporates default rate, loss severity, prepayment rate and current market interest rates. Significant increases or decreases in these inputs would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

b.Residential Loans and Residential Loans Held in Securitization Trusts – The Company’s acquired residential loans are recorded at fair value and classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value for residential loans is determined using valuations obtained from a third party that specializes in providing valuations of residential loans. The valuation approach depends on whether the residential loan is considered performing, re-performing or non-performing at the date the valuation is performed.

For performing and re-performing loans, estimates of fair value are derived using a discounted cash flow model, where estimates of cash flows are determined from scheduled payments for each loan, adjusted using forecast prepayment rates, default rates and rates for loss upon default. For non-performing loans, asset liquidation cash flows are derived based on the estimated time to liquidate the loan, expected liquidation costs and home price appreciation. Estimated cash flows for both performing and non-performing loans are discounted at yields considered appropriate to arrive at a reasonable exit price for the asset. Indications of loan value such as actual trades, bids, offers and generic market color may be used in determining the appropriate discount yield.

c.Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments – Fair value for preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments is determined by both market comparable pricing and discounted cash flows. The discounted cash flows are based on the underlying estimated cash flows and estimated changes in market yields. The fair value also reflects consideration of changes in credit risk since the origination or time of initial investment. This fair value measurement is generally based on unobservable inputs and, as such, is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

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d.Investment Securities Available for Sale – The Company determines the fair value of all of its investment securities available for sale based on discounted cash flows utilizing an internal pricing model. The methodology considers the characteristics of the particular security and its underlying collateral, which are observable inputs. These inputs include, but are not limited to, delinquency status, coupon, loan-to-value ("LTV"), historical performance, periodic and life caps, collateral type, rate reset period, seasoning, prepayment speeds and credit enhancement levels. The Company also considers several observable market data points, including prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments, trading activity, and dialogue with market participants. Third-party pricing services typically incorporate commonly used market pricing methods, trading activity observed in the marketplace and other data inputs similar to those used in the Company's internal pricing model. The Company has established thresholds to compare internally generated prices with independent third-party prices and any differences that exceed the thresholds are reviewed both internally and with the third-party pricing service. The Company reconciles and resolves all pricing differences in excess of the thresholds before a final price is established. The Company’s investment securities available for sale are valued based upon readily observable market parameters and are classified as Level 2 fair values.

e.Equity Investments – Fair value for equity investments is determined (i) by the valuation process for preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments as described in c. above, (ii) using weighted multiples of origination volume and earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization of the entity or (iii) using the net asset value ("NAV") of the equity investment entity as a practical expedient. These fair value measurements are generally based on unobservable inputs and, as such, are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

f.Collateralized Debt Obligations – CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST are classified as Level 3 fair values for which fair value is determined by considering several market data points, including prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments. The third-party pricing service or dealers incorporate common market pricing methods, including a spread measurement to the Treasury curve or interest rate swap curve as well as underlying characteristics of the particular security. They will also consider contractual cash payments and yields expected by market participants.

Refer to a. above for a description of the fair valuation of CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST that are eliminated in consolidation.

Management reviews all prices used in determining fair value to ensure they represent current market conditions. This review includes surveying similar market transactions and comparisons to interest pricing models as well as offerings of like securities by dealers. Any changes to the valuation methodology are reviewed by management to ensure the changes are appropriate. As markets and products develop and the pricing for certain products becomes more transparent, the Company continues to refine its valuation methodologies. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. The Company uses inputs that are current as of each reporting date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which time price transparency may be reduced. This condition could cause the Company’s financial instruments to be reclassified from Level 2 to Level 3 in future periods.

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The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis at
	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans:
Residential loans	$	—	$	—	$	2,193,319	$	2,193,319	$	—	$	—	$	1,703,290	$	1,703,290
Consolidated SLST	—		—		920,778		920,778		—		—		1,070,882		1,070,882
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	—		—		1,215,095		1,215,095		—		—		801,429		801,429
Multi-family loans	—		—		106,825		106,825		—		—		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale:
Non-Agency RMBS	—		74,822		—		74,822		—		128,019		—		128,019
CMBS	—		30,096		—		30,096		—		33,146		—		33,146
ABS	—		35,588		—		35,588		—		39,679		—		39,679
Equity investments	—		—		223,651		223,651		—		—		239,631		239,631
Total	$	—	$	140,506	$	4,659,668	$	4,800,174	$	—	$	200,844	$	3,935,253	$	4,136,097
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	$	—	$	—	$	710,233	$	710,233	$	—	$	—	$	839,419	$	839,419
Total	$	—	$	—	$	710,233	$	710,233	$	—	$	—	$	839,419	$	839,419

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The following tables detail changes in valuation for the Level 3 assets for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Level 3 Assets:

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Residential loans
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Multi-family loans		Equity investments		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,703,290	$	1,070,882	$	801,429	$	120,021	$	239,631	$	3,935,253
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(52,976)		(79,292)		(65,935)		6,298		15,633		(176,272)
Transfers out (1)	(875)		—		(980)		—		—		(1,855)
Transfer to securitization trust, net (2)	(676,560)		—		676,560		—		—		—
Funding/Contributions	—		—		—		—		19,191		19,191
Paydowns/Distributions	(293,564)		(70,812)		(237,712)		(19,494)		(50,804)		(672,386)
Sales	—		—		—		—		—		—
Purchases	1,514,004		—		41,733		—		—		1,555,737
Balance at the end of period	$	2,193,319	$	920,778	$	1,215,095	$	106,825	$	223,651	$	4,659,668

(1)Transfers out of Level 3 assets represents the transfer of residential loans to real estate owned.

(2)During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company completed two securitizations of certain performing, re-performing and business purpose loans (see Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's residential loan securitizations).

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Residential loans
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Multi-family loans		Equity investments		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,090,930	$	1,266,785	$	691,451	$	163,593	$	259,095	$	3,471,854
Total gains/(losses) (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	14,494		(21,788)		21,105		10,853		14,006		38,670
Transfers out (1)	(1,259)		—		(1,415)		—		—		(2,674)
Transfer to securitization trust, net (2)	(160,623)		—		160,623		—		—		—
Funding/Contributions	—		—		—		—		320		320
Paydowns/Distributions	(306,209)		(68,458)		(70,025)		(47,727)		(68,724)		(561,143)
Sales	(15,568)		—		(2,376)		—		—		(17,944)
Purchases	605,076		—		—		—		—		605,076
Balance at the end of period	$	1,226,841	$	1,176,539	$	799,363	$	126,719	$	204,697	$	3,534,159

(1)Transfers out of Level 3 assets represents the transfer of residential loans to real estate owned.

(2)During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company completed a securitization of certain business purpose loans (see Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's residential loan securitizations).

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The following table details changes in valuation for the Level 3 liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Level 3 Liabilities:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
	Consolidated SLST CDOs
Balance at beginning of period	$	839,419	$	1,054,335
Total gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(57,532)		(37,931)
Paydowns	(71,654)		(68,314)
Balance at the end of period	$	710,233	$	948,090

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The following table discloses quantitative information regarding the significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of our Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value (dollar amounts in thousands, except input values):

June 30, 2022	Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Weighted Average	Range
Assets
Residential loans:
Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts (1)	$3,318,357	Discounted cash flow	Lifetime CPR	4.8%	—	-	46.2%
			Lifetime CDR	0.4%	—	-	21.5%
			Loss severity	6.7%	—	-	96.5%
			Yield	6.0%	4.6%	-	64.9%
	$90,057	Liquidation model	Annual home price appreciation	1.0%	—	-	27.8%
			Liquidation timeline (months)	26	9	-	50
			Property value	$801,412	$17,000	-	$4,300,000
			Yield	7.8%	7.5%	-	29.6%
Consolidated SLST (3)	$920,778		Liability price	N/A
Total	$4,329,192
Multi-family loans (1)	$106,825	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	11.3%	10.0%	-	19.5%
			Months to assumed redemption	36	3	-	57
			Loss severity	—
Equity investments (1) (2)	$189,773	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	12.5%	11.0%	-	15.4%
			Months to assumed redemption	24	1	-	51
			Loss severity	—
Liabilities
Consolidated SLST CDOs (3) (4)	$710,233	Discounted cash flow	Yield	4.6%	3.7%	-	10.0%
			Collateral prepayment rate	8.0%	3.0%	-	9.7%
			Collateral default rate	1.7%	—	-	9.4%
			Loss severity	16.6%	—	-	19.5%

(1)Weighted average amounts are calculated based on the weighted average fair value of the assets.

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(2)Equity investments does not include equity ownership interests in entities that invest in or originate residential properties and loans. The fair value of these investments is determined using weighted multiples of origination volume and earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization of the entity or the net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient.

(3)In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST, including investment securities we own, as the fair value of these instruments is more observable. At June 30, 2022, the fair value of investment securities we own in Consolidated SLST amounts to $208.6 million.

(4)Weighted average yield calculated based on the weighted average fair value of the liabilities. Weighted average collateral prepayment rate, weighted average collateral default rate, and weighted average loss severity are calculated based on the weighted average unpaid balance of the liabilities.

The following table details the changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for our Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Assets
Residential loans:
Residential loans (1)	$	(29,826)	$	3,752	$	(55,058)	$	12,192
Consolidated SLST (1)	(10,798)		6,471		(77,443)		(18,872)
Residential loans held in securitization trusts (1)	(33,262)		6,030		(64,729)		18,611
Multi-family loans (1)	181		460		358		665
Equity investments (2)	3,139		805		3,593		927
Liabilities
Consolidated SLST CDOs (1)	6,523		3,322		57,889		37,890

(1)Presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(2)Presented in income from equity investments on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

		June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	407,104	$	407,104	$	289,602	$	289,602
Residential loans	Level 3	4,329,192		4,329,192		3,575,601		3,575,601
Multi-family loans	Level 3	106,825		106,825		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale	Level 2	140,506		140,506		200,844		200,844
Equity investments	Level 3	223,651		223,651		239,631		239,631
Financial Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	Level 2	1,693,876		1,693,876		554,259		554,259
Collateralized debt obligations:
Residential loan securitizations at amortized cost, net	Level 3	1,107,091		1,050,939		682,802		686,027
Consolidated SLST	Level 3	710,233		710,233		839,419		839,419
Subordinated debentures	Level 3	45,000		38,674		45,000		44,388
Convertible notes	Level 2	—		—		137,898		138,011
Senior unsecured notes	Level 2	97,039		89,489		96,704		102,215
Mortgages payable on real estate	Level 3	1,251,059		1,227,040		709,356		712,112

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In addition to the methodology to determine the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reported at fair value, as previously described, the following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in arriving at the fair value of the Company’s other financial instruments in the table immediately above:

a.Cash and cash equivalents – Estimated fair value approximates the carrying value of such assets.

b.Repurchase agreements – The fair value of these repurchase agreements approximates cost as they are short term in nature.

c.Residential loan securitizations at amortized cost, net – The fair value of these CDOs is based on discounted cash flows as well as market pricing on comparable obligations.

d.Subordinated debentures – The fair value of these subordinated debentures is based on discounted cash flows using management’s estimate for market yields.

e.Convertible notes and senior unsecured notes – The fair value is based on quoted prices provided by dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments.

f.Mortgages payable on real estate – The fair value of consolidated variable-rate mortgages payable approximates the carrying value of such liabilities. The fair value of consolidated fixed-rate mortgages payable is estimated based upon discounted cash flows at current borrowing rates.

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15.    Stockholders' Equity

(a) Preferred Stock

The Company had 200,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"), with 22,284,994 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company has four outstanding series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock: 8.00% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”), 7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”), 6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series F Preferred Stock”) and 7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series G Preferred Stock”). Each series of the Preferred Stock is senior to the Company’s common stock with respect to dividends and distributions upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

The following tables summarize the Company’s Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022

Class of Preferred Stock	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued and Outstanding	Carrying Value		Liquidation Preference		Contractual Rate (1)		Optional Redemption Date (2)	Fixed-to-Floating Rate Conversion Date (1)(3)	Floating Annual Rate (4)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate
Series D	8,400,000	6,123,495	$	148,134	$	153,087	8.000	%	October 15, 2027	October 15, 2027	3M LIBOR + 5.695%
Series E	9,900,000	7,411,499	179,349		185,288		7.875	%	January 15, 2025	January 15, 2025	3M LIBOR + 6.429%
Series F	7,750,000	5,750,000	138,650		143,750		6.875	%	October 15, 2026	October 15, 2026	3M SOFR + 6.130%
Fixed Rate
Series G	5,450,000	3,000,000	72,088		75,000		7.000	%	January 15, 2027
Total	31,500,000	22,284,994	$	538,221	$	557,125

December 31, 2021

Class of Preferred Stock	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued and Outstanding	Carrying Value		Liquidation Preference		Contractual Rate (1)		Optional Redemption Date (2)	Fixed-to-Floating Rate Conversion Date (1)(3)	Floating Annual Rate (4)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate
Series D	8,400,000	6,123,495	$	148,134	$	153,087	8.000	%	October 15, 2027	October 15, 2027	3M LIBOR + 5.695%
Series E	9,900,000	7,411,499	179,349		185,288		7.875	%	January 15, 2025	January 15, 2025	3M LIBOR + 6.429%
Series F	7,750,000	5,750,000	138,650		143,750		6.875	%	October 15, 2026	October 15, 2026	3M SOFR + 6.130%
Fixed Rate
Series G	3,450,000	3,000,000	72,088		75,000		7.000	%	January 15, 2027
Total	29,500,000	22,284,994	$	538,221	$	557,125

(1)Each series of fixed rate preferred stock is entitled to receive a dividend at the contractual rate shown, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference. Each series of fixed-to-floating rate preferred stock is entitled to receive a dividend at the contractual rate shown, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference up to, but excluding, the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date.

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(2)Each series of Preferred Stock is not redeemable by the Company prior to the respective optional redemption date disclosed except under circumstances intended to preserve the Company’s qualification as a REIT and except upon occurrence of a Change in Control (as defined in the Articles Supplementary designating the Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and Series G Preferred Stock, respectively).

(3)Beginning on the respective fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, each of the Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend on a floating rate basis according to the terms disclosed in footnote (4) below.

(4)On and after the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, each of the Series D Preferred Stock and Series E Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus the respective spread disclosed above per year on its $25 liquidation preference. On and after the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, the Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month SOFR plus the spread disclosed above per year on its $25 liquidation preference.

For each series of Preferred Stock, on or after the respective optional redemption date disclosed, the Company may, at its option, redeem the respective series of Preferred Stock in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, for cash at a redemption price equal to $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends. In addition, upon the occurrence of a change of control, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Preferred Stock in whole or in part, within 120 days after the first date on which such change of control occurred, for cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends.

The Preferred Stock generally do not have any voting rights, subject to an exception in the event the Company fails to pay dividends on such stock for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive). Under such circumstances, holders of the Preferred Stock voting together as a single class with the holders of all other classes or series of our preferred stock upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable and which are entitled to vote as a class with the Preferred Stock will be entitled to vote to elect two additional directors to the Company’s Board of Directors (the "Board") until all unpaid dividends have been paid or declared and set apart for payment. In addition, certain material and adverse changes to the terms of any series of the Preferred Stock cannot be made without the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the series of Preferred Stock whose terms are being changed.

The Preferred Stock has no stated maturity, is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless repurchased or redeemed by the Company or converted into the Company’s common stock in connection with a change of control.

Upon the occurrence of a change of control, each holder of Preferred Stock will have the right (unless the Company has exercised its right to redeem the Preferred Stock) to convert some or all of the Preferred Stock held by such holder into a number of shares of our common stock per share of the applicable series of Preferred Stock determined by a formula, in each case, on the terms and subject to the conditions described in the applicable Articles Supplementary for such series.

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(b) Dividends on Preferred Stock

The following table presents the relevant information with respect to quarterly cash dividends declared on the Preferred Stock commencing January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022:

			Cash Dividend Per Share
Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Series B Preferred Stock (1)		Series C Preferred Stock(1)		Series D Preferred Stock		Series E Preferred Stock		Series F Preferred Stock			Series G Preferred Stock
June 17, 2022	July 1, 2022	July 15, 2022	$	—	$	—	$	0.50	$	0.4921875	$	0.4296875		$	0.43750
March 14, 2022	April 1, 2022	April 15, 2022	—		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4296875			0.43750
December 13, 2021	January 1, 2022	January 15, 2022	—		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4296875			0.24792		(2)
September 13, 2021	October 1, 2021	October 15, 2021	0.484375		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4679000		(3)	—
June 14, 2021	July 1, 2021	July 15, 2021	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50		0.4921875		—			—
March 15, 2021	April 1, 2021	April 15, 2021	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50		0.4921875		—			—

(1)The Company redeemed all outstanding shares of its Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock in December 2021 and July 2021, respectively.

(2)Cash dividend for the short initial dividend period that began on November 24, 2021 and ended January 14, 2022.

(3)Cash dividend for the long initial dividend period that began on July 7, 2021 and ended on October 14, 2021.

(c) Common Stock

The Company had 800,000,000 authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, with 378,647,371 and 379,405,240 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

In February 2022, the Board of Directors approved a $200.0 million stock repurchase program. The program, which expires March 31, 2023, allows the Company to make repurchases of shares of common stock from time to time in open market transactions, including through block purchases, through privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to any Rule 10b-18 or 10b5-1 plans. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 2,794,824 shares of its common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program for a total cost of approximately $7.5 million, net of fees and commissions paid to the broker of approximately $0.03 million, representing an average repurchase price of $2.69 per common share. As of June 30, 2022, $192.5 million of the approved amount remained available for the repurchase of shares of the Company's common stock under the stock repurchase program.

(d) Dividends on Common Stock

The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company on its common stock with respect to the quarterly periods commencing January 1, 2021 and ended June 30, 2022:

Period	Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Cash Dividend Per Share
Second Quarter 2022	June 17, 2022	June 27, 2022	July 25, 2022	$	0.10
First Quarter 2022	March 14, 2022	March 24, 2022	April 25, 2022	0.10
Fourth Quarter 2021	December 13, 2021	December 27, 2021	January 25, 2022	0.10
Third Quarter 2021	September 13, 2021	September 23, 2021	October 25, 2021	0.10
Second Quarter 2021	June 14, 2021	June 24, 2021	July 26, 2021	0.10
First Quarter 2021	March 15, 2021	March 25, 2021	April 26, 2021	0.10

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(e) Equity Distribution Agreements

On August 10, 2021, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Common Equity Distribution Agreement”) with a sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having a maximum aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million from time to time through the sales agent. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares of common stock issuable under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement.

The Common Equity Distribution Agreement replaced the Company's prior equity distribution agreement with a sales agent dated as of August 10, 2017, as amended on September 10, 2018 (collectively, the "Prior Equity Distribution Agreement"), pursuant to which approximately $72.5 million of aggregate value of the Company's common stock remained available for issuance prior to termination.

There were no shares of the Company's common stock issued under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement and the Prior Equity Distribution Agreement during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. As of June 30, 2022, approximately $100.0 million of common stock remains available for issuance under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement.

On March 29, 2019, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the "Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement") with a sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, having a maximum aggregate gross sales price of up to $50.0 million, from time to time through the sales agent. On November 27, 2019, the Company entered into an amendment to the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement that increased the maximum aggregate sales price to $131.5 million. The amendment also provided for the inclusion of sales of the Company’s Series E Preferred Stock. On August 10, 2021, the Company entered into an amendment to the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement that increased the maximum aggregate sales price to $149.1 million. The amendment also provided for the inclusion of sales of the Company's Series F Preferred Stock and the exclusion of sales of the Company's Series C Preferred Stock. On March 2, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement that provided for the inclusion of sales of the Company's Series G Preferred Stock and the exclusion of sales of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares of Preferred Stock issuable under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement.

There were no shares of Preferred Stock issued under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. As of June 30, 2022, approximately $100.0 million of Preferred Stock remains available for issuance under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement.

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16.    (Loss) Earnings Per Common Share

The Company calculates basic (loss) earnings per common share by dividing net (loss) income attributable to the Company's common stockholders for the period by weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted (loss) earnings per common share takes into account the effect of dilutive instruments, such as convertible notes, performance share units ("PSUs") and restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and the number of incremental shares that are to be added to the weighted-average number of shares outstanding.

The Company redeemed the Convertible Notes at maturity in the amount of $138.0 million on January 15, 2022. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company's Convertible Notes were determined to be anti-dilutive and were not included in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per common share.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the PSUs and RSUs awarded under the Company's 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the "2017 Plan") were determined to be anti-dilutive and were not included in the calculation of diluted loss per common share. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, certain of the PSUs and RSUs awarded under the 2017 Plan were determined to be dilutive and were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share under the treasury stock method. Under this method, common equivalent shares are calculated assuming that target PSUs and outstanding RSUs vest according to the respective PSU and RSU agreements and unrecognized compensation cost is used to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock at the average market price during the reported period.

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common share for the periods indicated (dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(71,896)	$	53,240	$	(145,746)	$	105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(71,896)	$	53,240	$	(145,746)	$	105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Net effect of assumed PSUs vested	—		2,003		—		1,931
Net effect of assumed RSUs vested	—		215		—		145
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		381,517		380,999		381,167
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22

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17.    Stock Based Compensation

Pursuant to the 2017 Plan, as approved by the Company's stockholders, eligible employees, officers and directors of the Company and individuals who provide services to the Company are offered the opportunity to acquire the Company's common stock through equity awards under the 2017 Plan. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2017 Plan is 43,170,000.

Of the common stock authorized at June 30, 2022, 28,758,269 shares remain available for issuance under the 2017 Plan. The Company’s non-employee directors have been issued 919,019 shares under the 2017 Plan as of June 30, 2022. The Company’s employees have been issued 3,847,231 shares of restricted stock under the 2017 Plan as of June 30, 2022. At June 30, 2022, there were 2,181,985 shares of non-vested restricted stock outstanding, 6,233,373 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding PSUs under the 2017 Plan and 1,054,880 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding RSUs under the 2017 Plan.

Of the common stock authorized at December 31, 2021, 31,367,872 shares were reserved for issuance under the 2017 Plan. The Company's non-employee directors had been issued 687,503 shares under the 2017 Plan as of December 31, 2021. The Company’s employees had been issued 2,689,394 shares of restricted stock under the 2017 Plan as of December 31, 2021. At December 31, 2021, there were 1,909,107 shares of non-vested restricted stock outstanding, 6,168,886 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding PSUs under the 2017 Plan and 1,016,252 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding RSUs under the 2017 Plan.

(a) Restricted Common Stock Awards

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized non-cash compensation expense on its restricted common stock awards of $1.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized non-cash compensation expense on its restricted common stock awards of $1.2 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Dividends are paid on all restricted stock issued, whether those shares have vested or not. Non-vested restricted stock is forfeited upon the recipient's termination of employment, subject to certain exceptions.

A summary of the activity of the Company's non-vested restricted stock under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested shares as of January 1	1,909,107	$	5.05	1,603,766	$	6.27
Granted	1,217,671	3.59		939,446	3.82
Vested	(884,959)	5.49		(621,438)	5.41
Forfeited	(59,834)	3.96		(19,430)	3.26
Non-vested shares as of June 30	2,181,985	$	4.08	1,902,344	$	5.09
Restricted stock granted during the period	1,217,671	$	3.59	939,446	$	3.82

(1)The grant date fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

At June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company had unrecognized compensation expense of $6.9 million and $7.2 million, respectively, related to the non-vested shares of restricted common stock under the 2017 Plan. The unrecognized compensation expense at June 30, 2022 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years. The total fair value of restricted shares vested during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $3.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively. The requisite service period for restricted stock awards at issuance is three years and the restricted common stock either vests ratably over the requisite service period or at the end of the requisite service period.

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(b) Performance Share Units

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company granted PSUs that had been approved by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors. Each PSU represents an unfunded promise to receive one share of the Company's common stock once the performance condition has been satisfied. The awards were issued pursuant to and are consistent with the terms and conditions of the 2017 Plan.

The PSU awards are subject to performance-based vesting under the 2017 Plan pursuant to the PSU award agreements ("PSU Agreements"). Vesting of the PSUs will occur at the end of three years based on the following:

•If three-year TSR performance relative to the Company's identified performance peer group (the "Relative TSR") is less than the 30th percentile, then 0% of the target PSUs will vest;

•If three-year Relative TSR performance is equal to the 30th percentile, then the Threshold % (as defined in the individual PSU Agreements) of the target PSUs will vest;

•If three-year Relative TSR performance is equal to the 50th percentile, then 100% of the target PSUs will vest; and

•If three-year Relative TSR performance is greater than or equal to the 80th percentile, then the Maximum % (as defined in the individual PSU Agreements) of the target PSUs will vest.

The percentage of target PSUs that vest for performance between the 30th, 50th, and 80th percentiles will be calculated using linear interpolation.

TSR for the Company and each member of the peer group will be determined by dividing (i) the sum of the cumulative amount of such entity’s dividends per share for the performance period and the arithmetic average per share volume weighted average price (the “VWAP”) of such entity’s common stock for the last thirty (30) consecutive trading days of the performance period minus the arithmetic average per share VWAP of such entity’s common stock for the last thirty (30) consecutive trading days immediately prior to the performance period by (ii) the arithmetic average per share VWAP of such entity’s common stock for the last thirty (30) consecutive trading days immediately prior to the performance period.

The grant date fair value of the PSUs was determined through a Monte-Carlo simulation of the Company’s common stock total shareholder return and the common stock total shareholder return of its identified performance peer companies to determine the Relative TSR of the Company’s common stock over a future period of three years. For PSUs granted, the inputs used by the model to determine the fair value are (i) historical stock price volatilities of the Company and its identified performance peer companies over the most recent three year period and correlation between each company's stock and the identified performance peer group over the same time series and (ii) a risk free rate for the period interpolated from the U.S. Treasury yield curve on grant date.

The PSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 include dividend equivalent rights ("DERs") which shall remain outstanding from the grant date until the earlier of the settlement or forfeiture of the PSU to which the DER corresponds. Each vested DER entitles the holder to receive payments in an amount equal to any dividends paid by the Company in respect of the share of the Company’s common stock underlying the PSU to which such DER relates. Upon vesting of the PSUs, the DER will also vest. DERs will be forfeited upon forfeiture of the corresponding PSUs. The DERs may be settled in cash or stock at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.

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A summary of the activity of the target PSU awards under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Target Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Target Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested target PSUs as of January 1	3,376,740	$	5.43	2,902,014	$	4.98
Granted	844,534	4.87		1,631,661	5.56
Vested	(1,074,918)	4.00		(842,792)	4.20
Non-vested target PSUs as of June 30	3,146,356	$	5.76	3,690,883	$	5.41

(1)The grant date fair value of the PSUs was determined through a Monte-Carlo simulation of the Company’s common stock total shareholder return and the common stock total shareholder return of its identified performance peer companies to determine the Relative TSR of the Company’s common stock over a future period of three years.

The three-year performance period for PSUs granted in 2019 ended on December 31, 2021, resulting in the vesting of 733,496 shares of common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2022 with a fair value of $2.6 million on the vesting date. The number of vested shares related to PSUs granted in 2019 was less than the target PSUs of 1,074,918. The three-year performance period for PSUs granted in 2018 ended on December 31, 2020, resulting in the vesting of 974,074 shares of common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2021 with a fair value of $3.7 million on the vesting date. The number of vested shares related to PSUs granted in 2018 exceeded the target PSUs of 842,792. Non-vested PSUs are forfeited upon the recipient's termination of employment, subject to certain exceptions.

As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, there was $8.8 million and $11.7 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the PSUs, respectively. The unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the PSUs at June 30, 2022 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. Compensation expense related to the PSUs was $1.5 million and $3.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Compensation expense related to the PSUs was $1.7 million and $3.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.

(c) Restricted Stock Units

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company granted RSUs that had been approved by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors. Each RSU represents an unfunded promise to receive one share of the Company's common stock upon satisfaction of the vesting provisions. The awards were issued pursuant to and are consistent with the terms and conditions of the 2017 Plan. The requisite service period for RSUs at issuance is three years and the RSUs vest ratably over the requisite service period.

The RSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 include DERs which shall remain outstanding from the grant date until the earlier of the settlement or forfeiture of the RSU to which the DER corresponds. Each vested DER entitles the holder to receive payments in an amount equal to any dividends paid by the Company in respect of the share of the Company’s common stock underlying the RSU to which such DER relates. Upon vesting of the RSUs, the DER will also vest. DERs will be forfeited upon forfeiture of the corresponding RSUs. The DERs may be settled in cash or stock at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.

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A summary of the activity of the RSU awards under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested RSUs as of January 1	1,016,252	$	4.36	441,746	$	6.23
Granted	422,267	3.72		815,830	3.69
Vested	(383,639)	4.58		(147,254)	6.23
Non-vested RSUs as of June 30	1,054,880	$	4.03	1,110,322	$	4.36

(1)The grant date fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, 383,639 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the vesting of RSUs at a fair value of $1.4 million on the vesting date. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, 147,254 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the vesting of RSUs at a fair value of $0.5 million on the vesting date. Non-vested RSUs are forfeited upon the recipient's termination of employment, subject to certain exceptions.

As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, there was $3.2 million and $4.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the RSUs, respectively. The unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the RSUs at June 30, 2022 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. Compensation expense related to the RSUs was $0.6 million and $1.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Compensation expense related to the RSUs was $0.5 million and $0.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.

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18.    Income Taxes

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company qualified to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As long as the Company qualifies as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on its taxable income to the extent it annually distributes at least 100% of its taxable income to stockholders and does not engage in prohibited transactions. Certain activities the Company performs may produce income that will not be qualifying income for REIT purposes. The Company has designated its TRSs to engage in these activities. The tables below reflect the taxes accrued at the TRS level and the tax attributes included in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

The income tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is comprised of the following components (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Current income tax expense	$	166	$	58	$	231	$	271
Deferred income tax benefit	(76)		(43)		(164)		(190)
Total income tax provision	$	90	$	15	$	67	$	81

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The major sources of temporary differences included in the deferred tax assets (liabilities) and their deferred tax effect as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforward	$	2,927	$	3,615
Capital loss carryover	7,654		7,549
GAAP/Tax basis differences	2,124		254
Total deferred tax assets (1)	12,705		11,418
Deferred tax liabilities
GAAP/Tax basis differences	5,558		6,681
Total deferred tax liabilities (2)	5,558		6,681
Valuation allowance (1)	(7,381)		(5,136)
Total net deferred tax liability	$	(234)	$	(399)

(1)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company, through wholly-owned TRSs, had incurred net operating losses in the aggregate amount of approximately $8.6 million. The Company’s carryforward net operating losses can be carried forward indefinitely until they are offset by future taxable income. Additionally, as of June 30, 2022, the Company, through its wholly-owned TRSs, had also incurred approximately $22.5 million in capital losses. The Company's carryforward capital losses will expire between 2023 and 2027 if they are not offset by future capital gains.

At June 30, 2022, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets as management does not believe that it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realized. The change in the valuation for the current year is an increase of approximately $2.2 million. We will continue to monitor positive and negative evidence related to the utilization of the remaining deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance continues to be provided.

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The Company files income tax returns with the U.S. federal government and various state and local jurisdictions. The Company's federal, state and city income tax returns are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and related tax authorities generally for three years after they were filed. The Company has assessed its tax positions for all open years and concluded that there are no material uncertainties to be recognized.

Based on the Company’s evaluation, the Company has concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s financial statements. To the extent that the Company incurs interest and accrued penalties in connection with its tax obligations, including expenses related to the Company’s evaluation of unrecognized tax positions, such amounts will be included in income tax expense.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted in the U.S. This legislation was intended to support the economy during the COVID-19 pandemic with temporary changes to income and non-income based tax laws. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the changes did not have a material impact to our financial statements. We will continue to monitor as additional guidance is issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service and others.

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19.    Net Interest Income

The following table details the components of the Company's interest income and interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest income
Residential loans
Residential loans	$	32,669	$	20,155	$	57,502	$	39,816
Consolidated SLST	9,254		10,479		18,635		20,797
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	18,853		9,933		35,486		17,901
Total residential loans	60,776		40,567		111,623		78,514
Multi-family loans	2,834		4,130		5,785		8,531
Investment securities available for sale	4,331		7,475		9,006		15,150
Other	79		14		107		30
Total interest income	68,020		52,186		126,521		102,225
Interest expense			.
Repurchase agreements	11,647		3,732		17,178		7,774
Collateralized debt obligations
Consolidated SLST	6,208		7,151		12,186		14,254
Residential loan securitizations	8,728		5,015		16,185		9,735
Non-Agency RMBS re-securitization	—		—		—		283
Total collateralized debt obligations	14,936		12,166		28,371		24,272
Convertible notes	—		2,788		438		5,572
Senior unsecured notes	1,607		1,136		3,210		1,136
Subordinated debentures	550		459		1,008		916
Mortgages payable on real estate	13,151		430		20,308		740
Total interest expense	41,891		20,711		70,513		40,410
Net interest income	$	26,129	$	31,475	$	56,008	$	61,815

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in future filings with the SEC or in press releases or other written or oral communications issued or made by us, statements which are not historical in nature, including those containing words such as “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “continue,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “may,” or similar expressions, are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and, as such, may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions. 

Forward-looking statements are based on estimates, projections, beliefs and assumptions of management of the Company at the time of such statements and are not guarantees of future performance. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties in predicting future results and conditions. Actual results and outcomes could differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including, without limitation:

•changes in our business and investment strategy;

•changes in interest rates and the fair market value of our assets, including negative changes resulting in margin calls relating to the financing of our assets;

•changes in credit spreads;

•changes in the long-term credit ratings of the U.S., Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae;

•general volatility of the markets in which we invest;

•changes in prepayment rates on the loans we own or that underlie our investment securities;

•increased rates of default, delinquency or vacancy and/or decreased recovery rates on or at our assets;

•our ability to identify and acquire our targeted assets, including assets in our investment pipeline;

•changes in our relationships with our financing counterparties and our ability to borrow to finance our assets and the terms thereof;

•changes in our relationships with and/or the performance of our operating partners;

•our ability to predict and control costs;

•changes in laws, regulations or policies affecting our business, including actions that may be taken to contain or address the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic;

•our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future;

•our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal tax purposes;

•our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”);

•risks associated with investing in real estate assets, including changes in business conditions and the general economy, the availability of investment opportunities and the conditions in the market for Agency RMBS, non-Agency RMBS, ABS and CMBS securities, residential loans, structured multi-family investments and other mortgage-, residential housing- and credit-related assets; and

•the impact of COVID-19 on us, our operations and our personnel.

These and other risks, uncertainties and factors, including the risk factors described herein, as updated by those risks described in our subsequent filings with the SEC under the Exchange Act, could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements we make. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. New risks and uncertainties arise over time and it is not possible to predict those events or how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Special Note Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic

Because there have been no comparable recent global pandemics that resulted in similar impact, we do not yet know the full extent of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations, personnel, or the U.S. economy as a whole. Any future developments in this regard will be highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with any certainty. The uncertain future development of the pandemic could materially and adversely affect our business, operations, operating results, financial condition, liquidity or capital levels.

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Defined Terms

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q we refer to New York Mortgage Trust, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, as “we,” “us,” “Company,” or “our,” unless we specifically state otherwise or the context indicates otherwise, and we refer to our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries as “TRSs” and our wholly-owned qualified REIT subsidiaries as “QRSs.” In addition, the following defines certain of the commonly used terms in this report:

•“ABS” refers to debt and/or equity tranches of securitizations backed by various asset classes including, but not limited to, automobiles, aircraft, credit cards, equipment, franchises, recreational vehicles and student loans;

•“Agency RMBS” refers to RMBS representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of residential loans guaranteed by the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac"), or an agency of the U.S. government, such as the Governmental National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”);

•“business purpose loans” refers to short-term loans collateralized by residential properties made to investors who intend to rehabilitate and sell the residential property for a profit or loans which finance (or refinance) non-owner occupied residential properties that are rented to one or more tenants;

•“CDO” refers to collateralized debt obligation and includes debt that permanently finances the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST, the Company's residential loans held in securitization trusts and a non-Agency RMBS re-securitization that we consolidate, or consolidated, in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP;

•“CMBS” refers to commercial mortgage-backed securities comprised of commercial mortgage pass-through securities issued by a government sponsored enterprise ("GSE"), as well as PO, IO or mezzanine securities that represent the right to a specific component of the cash flow from a pool of commercial mortgage loans;

•“Consolidated SLST” refers to a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization, comprised of seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans, of which we own or owned the first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs and senior securities that we consolidate in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP;

•“Consolidated VIEs” refers to VIEs where the Company is the primary beneficiary, as it has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and a right to receive benefits or absorb losses of the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE and that we consolidate in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP;

•“excess mortgage servicing spread” refers to the difference between the contractual servicing fee with Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae and the base servicing fee that is retained as compensation for servicing or subservicing the related mortgage loans pursuant to the applicable servicing contract;

•“GAAP” refers to generally accepted accounting principles within the United States;

•“IOs” refers collectively to interest only and inverse interest only mortgage-backed securities that represent the right to the interest component of the cash flow from a pool of mortgage loans;

•"Mezzanine Lending" refers, collectively, to preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments;

•“multi-family CMBS” refers to CMBS backed by commercial mortgage loans on multi-family properties;

•“non-Agency RMBS” refers to RMBS that are not guaranteed by any agency of the U.S. Government or GSE;

•“POs” refers to mortgage-backed securities that represent the right to the principal component of the cash flow from a pool of mortgage loans;

•“RMBS” refers to residential mortgage-backed securities backed by adjustable-rate, hybrid adjustable-rate or fixed-rate residential loans;

•“second mortgages” refers to liens on residential properties that are subordinate to more senior mortgages or loans; and

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•“Variable Interest Entity” or “VIE” refers to an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.

General

We are a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the business of acquiring, investing in, financing and managing primarily mortgage-related single-family and multi-family residential assets, including joint venture equity investments in multi-family apartment communities. Our objective is to deliver long-term stable distributions to our stockholders over changing economic conditions through a combination of net interest margin and capital gains from a diversified investment portfolio. Our investment portfolio includes credit sensitive single-family and multi-family assets.

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and have complied, and intend to continue to comply, with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), with respect thereto. Accordingly, we do not expect to be subject to federal income tax on our REIT taxable income that we currently distribute to our stockholders if certain asset, income, distribution and ownership tests and record keeping requirements are fulfilled. Even if we maintain our qualification as a REIT, we expect to be subject to some federal, state and local taxes on our income generated in our TRSs.

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Executive Summary

Since the significant market disruption that occurred in March 2020, we have endeavored to build out a low-levered, higher-yielding portfolio of credit sensitive single-family and multi-family assets through proprietary sourcing channels while reducing our exposure to investment securities. Building scale in the portfolio and momentum in investment activity proved challenging in the first approximately 18 months following the March 2020 market disruption, as robust demand for credit assets and higher prepayment and redemption levels muted portfolio expansion. Over the course of the past few quarters, we have experienced solid momentum in our portfolio acquisition activities. In the second quarter of 2022, we funded the acquisition and origination of $890.2 million of investments, including $773.6 million of residential loans, $59.5 million in single-family rental properties and $57.1 million of new structured-multi-family investments. On a net basis, our investment portfolio increased by approximately $488.8 million during the quarter, with repayments received from our short-duration business purpose loans and unrealized losses offsetting some of our investment activity. This acquisition activity follows on the heels of a very active first quarter of 2022 and fourth quarter of 2021, when we increased our investment portfolio by $533.8 million and $322.3 million, respectively, on a net basis.

We continued our deliberate and patient approach to enhancing liquidity and strengthening our balance sheet during the first half of 2022. As of June 30, 2022, our mark-to-market repurchase agreement financing is down by 70% from December 31, 2019 levels. Moreover, during the first half of 2022, we continued our pursuit of sustainable non-mark-to-market financing arrangements by completing multiple residential loan securitizations, including one backed by business purpose loans and one backed by re-performing loans, for aggregate proceeds of $509.6 million, which we used to repay approximately $316.7 million of outstanding financings. In addition, during the first half of 2022, we established and obtained non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement funding with new and existing counterparties, providing approximately $945.3 million of aggregate financing.

The mortgage industry, and the U.S. economy more generally, experienced significant headwinds during the first half of 2022, as rising bond yields, a rapidly flattening yield curve, Federal Reserve interest rate hikes and expectations for future interest rate hikes and tightening monetary policy, combined with elevated inflation data, geopolitical instability and growing concerns over the likelihood of an economic recession in the U.S. sometime in the next 12 months contributed to widening credit spreads that caused price declines for many of the residential credit assets in our portfolio. In our residential loan portfolio alone, we recorded approximately $128.3 million of unrealized losses in the first half of 2022 as compared to unrealized gains of $55.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

We intend to focus on our core portfolio strengths of single-family and multi-family residential credit assets, which we believe will deliver better risk adjusted returns over time. Our targeted investments include (i) residential loans and business purpose loans, (ii) structured multi-family property investments such as preferred equity in, and mezzanine loans to, owners of multi-family properties, as well as joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties, (iii) non-Agency RMBS, (iv) Agency RMBS, (v) CMBS and (vi) certain other mortgage-, residential housing- and credit-related assets and strategic investments in companies from which we purchase, or may in the future purchase, our targeted assets. Subject to maintaining our qualification as a REIT and the maintenance of our exclusion from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we also may opportunistically acquire and manage various other types of mortgage-, residential housing- and other credit-related assets that we believe will compensate us appropriately for the risks associated with them, including, without limitation, collateralized mortgage obligations, mortgage servicing rights, excess mortgage servicing spreads and securities issued by newly originated securitizations, including credit sensitive securities from these securitizations. Our investment and capital allocation decisions depend on prevailing market conditions, among other factors, and may change over time in response to opportunities available in different economic and capital market environments.

We expect to continue to place a greater emphasis on procuring longer-termed and/or more committed financing arrangements that provide less or no exposure to fluctuations in the collateral repricing determinations of financing counterparties or rapid liquidity reductions in repurchase agreement financing markets. We still expect to utilize some level of repurchase agreement financing as we do currently, but expect repurchase agreement financing, particularly short-term agreements, to represent a smaller percentage of our financing relative to historic levels and/or to utilize facilities where the terms provide for less liquidity and financing risk. While longer-termed financings may involve greater expense relative to repurchase agreement funding that exposes us to mark-to-market risks, we believe, over time, this weighting towards longer-termed financings may better allow us to manage our liquidity risk and reduce exposures to market events like those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic during March 2020.

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In light of current market conditions, which includes increased volatility in interest rate, credit, mortgage and financial markets and the increasing risk of the U.S. economy experiencing a recession within the next 12 months, we currently intend to pursue selective investments across the residential housing sector, with a focus on generating higher portfolio turnover by increasing our allocation to higher coupon, short duration residential investor loans, consider the opportunistic disposition of assets from our portfolio and prudently manage our liabilities. We believe these actions, combined with our strong balance sheet and cash position, will help to protect our undepreciated book value per common share during the expected continued volatile periods in the near future and will better enable us to rapidly reposition our portfolio in a higher interest rate environment and position us to deploy capital and seize on superior market opportunities in the market cycles ahead.

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Portfolio Update

In the three months ended June 30, 2022, we continued to selectively pursue new single-family residential loans, multi-family investments and single-family rental property investments. Our investment activity was partially offset by prepayments, redemptions and distributions and unrealized losses recognized on a majority of our investment portfolio due to increases in interest rates and wider credit spreads. The following table presents the activity for our investment portfolio for the three months ended June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		Acquisitions (1)		Repayments (2)		Sales		Fair Value Changes and Other (3)		June 30, 2022
Residential loans	$	2,983,574	$	773,580	$	(287,153)	$	—	$	(61,587)	$	3,408,414
Preferred equity investments, mezzanine loans and equity investments	335,508		—		(9,750)		—		4,718		330,476
Investment securities
CMBS	31,576		—		—		—		(1,480)		30,096
Non-Agency RMBS	75,499		—		(2,804)		—		2,127		74,822
ABS	38,705		—		—		—		(3,117)		35,588
Total investment securities available for sale	145,780		—		(2,804)		—		(2,470)		140,506
Consolidated SLST (4)	214,097		—		—		—		(5,512)		208,585
Total investment securities	359,877		—		(2,804)		—		(7,982)		349,091
Equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties (5)	367,055		57,050		(4,731)		—		(31,577)		387,797
Single-family rental properties	83,780		59,543		—		—		(475)		142,848
Total investment portfolio	$	4,129,794	$	890,173	$	(304,438)	$	—	$	(96,903)	$	4,618,626

(1)Includes capitalized costs for single-family rental properties.

(2)Includes principal repayments and return of invested capital.

(3)Primarily includes net realized gains or losses, changes in net unrealized gains or losses (including reversals of previously recognized net unrealized gains or losses on sales), net amortization/accretion/depreciation and net loss from real estate attributable to the Company.

(4)Consolidated SLST is primarily presented on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as residential loans, at fair value and collateralized debt obligations, at fair value. A reconciliation to our condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, respectively, follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Residential loans, at fair value	$	920,778	$	969,853
Deferred interest (a)	(1,960)		(1,492)
Less: Collateralized debt obligations, at fair value	(710,233)		(754,264)
Consolidated SLST investment securities owned by NYMT	$	208,585	$	214,097

(a)Included in other liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(5)See "Balance Sheet Analysis—Equity Investments in Multi-Family and Residential Entities—Equity Investments in Consolidated Multi-Family Properties" for a reconciliation of equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties to the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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Current Market Conditions and Commentary

The results of our business operations are affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, and primarily depend on, among other things, the level of our net interest income, the market value of our assets, which is driven by numerous factors including the supply and demand for mortgage, housing and credit assets in the marketplace, the ability of our operating partners, tenants and borrowers of our loans and those that underlie our investment securities to meet their payment obligations, the terms and availability of adequate financing and capital, general economic and real estate conditions (both on a national and local level), the impact of government actions in the real estate, mortgage, credit and financial markets, and the credit performance of our credit sensitive assets.

Financial and mortgage-related asset market conditions softened further during the second quarter of 2022. U.S. stocks finished down for the second quarter in a row, and U.S. economic activity was pressured in the second quarter by rising interest rates, concerns over tightening monetary policy, near double digit inflation and geopolitical instability. As was the case for credit-sensitive assets generally across markets, pricing for many of the assets in our investment portfolio during the second quarter declined.

Thus far in 2022, equity markets have been challenged with investors digesting the Federal Reserve’s combined 2.25% in interest rate hikes, including 75 basis point increases in each of June and July 2022, expected additional future rate hikes in 2022 and growing concerns of the potential for a U.S. economic recession within the next 12 months. Fixed-income markets have been accordingly impacted with the yield on the 2-year U.S. Treasury note increasing to 2.92% on June 30, 2022 from a yield of 0.73% on December 31, 2021, an increase of 219 basis points. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, high inflation, expected increases in the federal funds rate and growing recession concerns, we anticipate markets, and the pricing for many of our assets, will continue to experience volatility in 2022.

The market conditions discussed below significantly influence our investment strategy and results:

Select U.S. Financial and Economic Data. The U.S. economy contracted in the second quarter of 2022, with real gross domestic product (“GDP”) decreasing at a 0.9% (advanced estimate) annualized rate in the second quarter of 2022, versus a 1.6% decrease in the first quarter of 2022 and 6.7% growth in the second quarter of 2021.

Despite the contraction in U.S. GDP, the U.S. labor market remained strong throughout the second quarter, with June 2022 wage data showing a 5.3% increase in wages year-over-year. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. unemployment rate remained steady at 3.6% from the end of March 2022 through the end of June 2022. The number of unemployed persons decreased by 3.6 million year‑over‑year to 5.9 million as of June 2022. Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 372,000 in June. The labor force participation rate continues to advance but, as of the end of June, remained slightly lower than pre-pandemic rates. There continues to be a wide disparity between the number of available job openings, 11.3 million as of the end of May 2022, and the number of unemployed persons, resulting in a competitive labor market and rising wages.

The interest rate environment remained turbulent as the Federal Reserve raised interest rates twice in the second quarter in an effort to rein in inflation as the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) reached multi-decade highs above 8%. These rate hikes and the anticipation of future rate hikes by the Federal Reserve contributed to a flattening Treasury curve which ultimately inverted after the end of the second quarter. On June 30, 2022, the spread between the 2-Year U.S. Treasury yield and the 10-Year U.S. Treasury yield closed at 6 basis points, as compared to a 79 and 120 basis points spread on December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, respectively. Since early July 2022, the 2-year and 10-year yield curve has remained inverted.

As noted above, fears of an economic recession here in the U.S. appear to be growing. A recent survey of economists by the Wall Street Journal indicated that 44% of economists surveyed believe the U.S. economy will fall into recession in the next twelve months, a figure that has risen 16% since the last survey taken in April 2022. With two consecutive quarters of GDP contraction in 2022, the U.S. economy increasingly moves toward recession territory, which the National Bureau of Economic Research defines as “a significant decline in economic activity that is spread across the economy and that lasts more than a few months.” An economic recession may put pressure on the ability of our operating partners, tenants and borrowers to meet their obligations to us, among other things, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

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Single-Family Homes and Residential Mortgage Market. The residential real estate market maintained its robust growth trajectory in the first half of 2022. Data released by the S&P Dow Jones Indices for their S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller National Home Price NSA Indices for April 2022 showed that, on average, home prices increased 21.2% for the 20-City Composite over April 2021. According to the National Association of Realtors (“NAR”), the median existing-home price for all housing types in June 2022 was $416,000, up 13.4% from the June 2021 median price of $366,900. May 2022’s gains in median home prices marks 124 consecutive months of year-over-year increases in median home prices, the longest streak on NAR’s records. However, recent data suggests that homebuilding and pricing may be starting to moderate. According to data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, privately-owned housing starts for single-family homes averaged a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1,074,000 and 1,131,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, as compared to 1,131,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021. Overall, existing home inventory for sale at the end of June amounted to 3.0 months of supply, up from 2.5 months of supply in June 2021, according to the NAR. As interest rates move higher, we expect this to put downward pressure on home prices and borrowers. Declining single-family housing fundamentals may adversely impact the overall credit profile of our existing portfolio of single-family residential credit investments, as well as the availability of certain of our targeted assets.

Multi-family Housing. According to data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, starts on multi-family homes containing five or more units averaged a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 560,000 and 537,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, as compared to 462,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021. Demand for new apartments will likely remain elevated in the near term, particularly in the South and Southeastern U.S. where demand has outpaced supply. Nationally, rents have continued to grow—building upon their double-digit growth in 2021; however, a slowing economy may cause rent growth to moderate or stall. Weakening multi-family housing fundamentals, including, among other things, increasing interest rates, widening capitalization rates and reduced liquidity for owners of multi-family properties, may cause our operating partners to fail to meet their obligations to us and/or contribute to reduced cash flows from and/or valuation declines for multi-family properties, and in turn, many of the multi-family investments that we own.

Credit Spreads. Throughout the second quarter, both investment grade and high-yield credit spreads widened markedly amid the Federal Reserve’s aggressive stance regarding interest rate increases and high inflation. Tightening credit spreads generally increase the value of many of our credit sensitive assets, while widening credit spreads tend to have a negative impact on the value of many of our credit sensitive assets.

Financing Markets. During the second quarter, the bond market experienced continued yield gains with the closing yield of the 10-year U.S. Treasury Note rising from 2.39% on April 1, 2022 to 2.98% on June 30, 2022. Throughout the second quarter of 2022, the Treasury curve experienced significant volatility. The Treasury curve began the second quarter inverted, with the spread between the 2-Year U.S. Treasury yield and the 10-Year U.S. Treasury yield at negative 5 basis points on April 1, 2022 before flattening and then ultimately closing the quarter with a spread of 6 basis points on June 30, 2022. Following quarter end, this spread inverted again and remained inverted at negative 19 basis points as of July 18, 2022. Inversions of this spread are generally considered to be indicators of a recession in the near term, although market commentators continue to debate the significance of the inversion amid the absence of other recession signals. This spread is important as it is indicative of opportunities for investing in levered assets. Increases in interest rates raise the costs of many of our liabilities, while overall interest rate volatility generally increases the costs of hedging and may place downward pressure on some of our strategies.

Monetary Policy and Recent Regulatory Developments. The Federal Reserve has taken a number of actions to stabilize markets during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To address funding disruptions resulting from the economic crisis and market dislocations resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal Reserve has been conducting large scale overnight repo operations in the U.S. Treasury, Agency debt and Agency RMBS financing markets. Additionally, from March 2020 until March 2022, the Federal Reserve implemented an asset purchase program aimed at providing liquidity to the U.S. Treasury and Agency RMBS markets. Under the Federal Reserve’s asset purchase program, the Federal Reserve’s balance sheet grew from about $4.2 trillion in assets at the start of March 2020 to about $8.9 trillion in assets at the ending of the program in March 2022. On June 1, 2022, the Federal Reserve shifted course and began shrinking its balance sheet by reducing its holdings of U.S. Treasuries and Agency RMBS. The Federal Reserve intends to ramp up the pace of these quantitative tightening activities in September 2022. Sales or reductions in the pace of purchasing of Agency RMBS by the Federal Reserve could create headwinds in the market for Agency RMBS where increased supply could drive prices lower and interest rates higher.

From March 2020 to March 2022, the Federal Reserve maintained a target range for the federal funds rate of 0% to 0.25% in view of the COVID-19 pandemic and to foster maximum employment and price stability. With inflation well above the 2% objective so far in 2022 and a strong labor market, the Federal Reserve approved a 0.25% increase to the target range for the federal funds rate on March 16, 2022, a 0.50% increase on May 4, 2022, a 0.75% increase on June 15, 2022 and a 0.75% increase on July 27, 2022. With additional increases to the Federal Reserve’s target range likely in the remainder of 2022, some Federal Reserve officials expect the target range for the federal funds rate to exceed 3.00% by the end of 2022.

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In 2017, policymakers announced that LIBOR would be replaced by 2021. The directive was spurred by the fact that banks are uncomfortable contributing to the LIBOR panel given the shortage of underlying transactions on which to base levels and the liability associated with submitting an unfounded level. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee (“ARRC”), which was convened by the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to help ensure a successful transition from LIBOR, proposed that the Secured Overnight Funding Rate (“SOFR”) would replace LIBOR. SOFR is based on overnight Treasury General Collateral repo rates.

The administrator of LIBOR, with the support of the Federal Reserve and the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, ceased publication of USD LIBOR on December 31, 2021, for only the one week and two month USD LIBOR tenors, and plans to cease publication of USD LIBOR on June 30, 2023 for all other USD LIBOR tenors. While the transition period has been extended to June 2023, the Federal Reserve issued a statement advising banks to stop new USD LIBOR issuances by the end of 2021. Thus far in 2022, the market’s adoption of SOFR appears to be strong and growing. Additionally, the federal government enacted the Adjustable Interest Rate Act in March 2022 with the intention of assisting in the transition away from LIBOR. Nevertheless, uncertainty about the transition away from LIBOR and the future of the alternative reference rate remains. We continue to monitor the emergence of this new rate carefully, as it will likely become the new benchmark for hedges and a range of interest rate investments.

The scope and nature of the actions the Federal Reserve and other governmental authorities will ultimately undertake are unknown and will continue to evolve. There can be no assurance as to how, in the long term, these and other actions, as well as the negative impacts from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical instability, will affect the efficiency, liquidity and stability of the financial, credit and mortgage markets, and thus, our business. Greater uncertainty frequently leads to wider asset spreads or lower prices and higher hedging costs.

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Second Quarter 2022 Summary

Earnings and Return Metrics

The following table presents key earnings and return metrics for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022			Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Net loss attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)		$	(166,732)
Net loss attributable to Company's common stockholders per share (basic)	$	(0.22)		$	(0.44)
Undepreciated loss (1)	$	(49,170)		$	(113,375)
Undepreciated loss per common share (1)	$	(0.13)		$	(0.30)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,924)		$	(169,455)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Company's common stockholders per share (basic)	$	(0.22)		$	(0.44)
Yield on average interest earning assets	6.69		%	6.74		%
Interest income	$	68,020		$	126,521
Interest expense	$	41,891		$	70,513
Net interest income	$	26,129		$	56,008
Portfolio net interest income (1)	$	41,437		$	80,972
Portfolio net interest margin (2)	3.48		%	3.64		%
Book value per common share at the end of the period	$	4.06		$	4.06
Undepreciated book value per common share at the end of the period (1)	$	4.24		$	4.24
Economic return on book value (3)	(4.59)		%	(9.36)		%
Economic return on undepreciated book value (4)	(2.47)		%	(6.33)		%
Dividends per common share	$	0.10		$	0.20

(1)Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. A reconciliation of the Company's non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measure is included in "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" elsewhere in this section.

(2)Excludes interest expense generated by our subordinated debentures, convertible notes, senior unsecured notes and mortgages payable on real estate. Our calculation of portfolio net interest margin may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures of other companies who may use a different calculation. See "Results of Operations — Portfolio Net Interest Margin" elsewhere in this section.

(3)Economic return on book value is based on the periodic change in GAAP book value per common share plus dividends declared per common share, if any, during the period.

(4)Economic return on undepreciated book value is based on the periodic change in undepreciated book value per common share, a non-GAAP financial measure, plus dividends declared per common share, if any, during the period.

Key Developments

Investing Activities

•Purchased approximately $773.6 million in residential loans and $59.5 million in single-family rental properties.

•Funded multi-family joint venture investments for approximately $57.1 million and received approximately $11.0 million in proceeds from redemptions of Mezzanine Lending investments.

Financing Activities

•Obtained $876.4 million of financing for residential loans through recourse and non-recourse repurchase agreements with new and existing counterparties.

•Repurchased 2.8 million shares of common stock at an average repurchase price of $2.69 per share.

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Subsequent Developments

•Subsequent to quarter end, repurchased an additional 0.9 million shares of common stock at an average repurchase price of $2.73 per share.

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Capital Allocation

The following provides an overview of the allocation of our total equity as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. We fund our investing and operating activities with a combination of cash flow from operations, proceeds from common and preferred equity and debt securities offerings, including convertible notes and senior unsecured notes, short-term and longer-term repurchase agreements, CDOs and trust preferred debentures. A detailed discussion of our liquidity and capital resources is provided in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” elsewhere in this section.

The following tables set forth our allocated capital by investment category at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands).

At June 30, 2022:

	Single-Family		Multi- Family		Other		Total
Residential loans	$	4,329,192	$	—	$	—	$	4,329,192
Consolidated SLST CDOs	(710,233)		—		—		(710,233)
Multi-family loans	—		106,825		—		106,825
Investment securities available for sale	74,822		30,096		35,588		140,506
Equity investments	—		189,773		33,878		223,651
Equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties (1)	—		387,797		—		387,797
Single-family rental properties	142,848		—		—		142,848
Total investment portfolio carrying value	3,836,629		714,491		69,466		4,620,586
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	(1,678,195)		(15,681)		—		(1,693,876)
Residential loan securitization CDOs	(1,107,091)		—		—		(1,107,091)
Senior unsecured notes	—		—		(97,039)		(97,039)
Subordinated debentures	—		—		(45,000)		(45,000)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (2)	141,689		—		369,679		511,368
Other	(44,898)		(6,253)		(44,806)		(95,957)
Net Company capital allocated	$	1,148,134	$	692,557	$	252,300	$	2,092,991
Company Recourse Leverage Ratio (3)							0.7x
Portfolio Recourse Leverage Ratio (4)							0.6x

(1)Represents the Company's equity investments in consolidated multi-family apartment communities. See "Balance Sheet Analysis—Equity Investments in Multi-Family and Residential Entities—Equity Investments in Consolidated Multi-Family Properties" for a reconciliation of equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

(2)Excludes cash in the amount of $38.2 million and restricted cash in the amount of $2.1 million held in the Company's equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties. Restricted cash is included in the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in other assets.

(3)Represents the Company's total outstanding recourse repurchase agreement financing, subordinated debentures and senior unsecured notes divided by the Company's total stockholders' equity. Does not include repurchase agreement financing amounting to $400.8 million, Consolidated SLST CDOs amounting to $710.2 million, residential loan securitization CDOs amounting to $1.1 billion and mortgages payable on real estate amounting to $1.3 billion as they are non-recourse debt.

(4)Represents the Company's outstanding recourse repurchase agreement financing divided by the Company's total stockholders' equity.

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At December 31, 2021:

	Single-Family		Multi- Family		Other		Total
Residential loans	$	3,575,601	$	—	$	—	$	3,575,601
Consolidated SLST CDOs	(839,419)		—		—		(839,419)
Multi-family loans	—		120,021		—		120,021
Investment securities available for sale	128,019		33,146		39,679		200,844
Equity investments	—		191,238		48,393		239,631
Equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties (1)	—		261,639		—		261,639
Single-family rental properties	38,749		—		—		38,749
Total investment portfolio carrying value	2,902,950		606,044		88,072		3,597,066
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	(554,259)		—		—		(554,259)
Residential loan securitization CDOs	(682,802)		—		—		(682,802)
Convertible notes	—		—		(137,898)		(137,898)
Senior unsecured notes	—		—		(96,704)		(96,704)
Subordinated debentures	—		—		(45,000)		(45,000)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (2)	39,366		—		260,279		299,645
Other	29,612		(13,205)		(55,424)		(39,017)
Net Company capital allocated	$	1,734,867	$	592,839	$	13,325	$	2,341,031
Company Recourse Leverage Ratio (3)							0.4x
Portfolio Recourse Leverage Ratio (4)							0.2x

(1)Represents the Company's equity investments in consolidated multi-family apartment communities. See "Balance Sheet Analysis—Equity Investments in Multi-Family and Residential Entities—Equity Investments in Consolidated Multi-Family Properties" for a reconciliation of equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

(2)Excludes cash in the amount of $30.1 million and restricted cash in the amount of $8.1 million held in the Company's equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties. Restricted cash is included in the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in other assets.

(3)Represents the Company's total outstanding recourse repurchase agreement financing, subordinated debentures, convertible notes and senior unsecured notes divided by the Company's total stockholders' equity. Does not include Consolidated SLST CDOs amounting to $839.4 million, residential loan securitization CDOs amounting to $682.8 million and mortgages payable on real estate amounting to $709.4 million as they are non-recourse debt.

(4)Represents the Company's outstanding recourse repurchase agreement financing divided by the Company's total stockholders' equity.

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Results of Operations

The following discussion provides information regarding our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, including a comparison of year-over-year results and related commentary. A number of the tables contain a “change” column that indicates the amount by which results from the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are greater or less than the results from the respective period in 2021. Unless otherwise specified, references in this section to increases or decreases in the "three-month periods" refer to the change in results for the three months ended June 30, 2022 when compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021 and increases or decreases in the "six-month periods" refer to the change in results for the six months ended June 30, 2022 when compared to the six months ended June 30, 2021.

The following table presents the main components of our net (loss) income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Interest income	$	68,020	$	52,186	$	15,834	$	126,521	$	102,225	$	24,296
Interest expense	41,891		20,711		21,180		70,513		40,410		30,103
Net interest income	26,129		31,475		(5,346)		56,008		61,815		(5,807)
Total non-interest (loss) income	(20,233)		43,276		(63,509)		(67,019)		82,996		(150,015)
General and administrative expenses	13,175		12,520		655		27,533		23,961		3,572
Expenses related to real estate	70,759		3,913		66,846		118,748		6,837		111,911
Portfolio operating expenses	12,690		6,688		6,002		22,179		11,518		10,661
(Loss) income from operations before income taxes	(90,728)		51,630		(142,358)		(179,471)		102,495		(281,966)
Income tax expense	90		15		75		67		81		(14)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in consolidated variable interest entities	18,922		1,625		17,297		33,792		3,034		30,758
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	(71,896)		53,240		(125,136)		(145,746)		105,448		(251,194)
Preferred stock dividends	10,493		10,296		197		20,986		20,593		393
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	(82,389)		42,944		(125,333)		(166,732)		84,855		(251,587)
Basic (loss) earnings per common share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.33)	$	(0.44)	$	0.22	$	(0.66)
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.33)	$	(0.44)	$	0.22	$	(0.66)

Interest Income and Interest Expense

During the three- and six-month periods, interest income increased primarily due to the increase in our average interest earning assets as the Company continued to invest in residential loans, particularly higher-yielding business purpose loans. This increase was offset by an increase of interest expense during the three- and six-month periods due to 1) increased borrowings on repurchase agreement and securitization financings, 2) an increase in cost of financing due to increase in interest rates and 3) an increase in interest expense related to mortgages payable on real estate due to the impact of multi-family joint venture investments consolidated since June 2021.

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Portfolio Net Interest Income

Our results of operations for our investment portfolio during a given period typically reflect, in large part, the net interest income earned on our investment portfolio of residential loans, RMBS, CMBS, ABS and preferred equity investments and mezzanine loans, where the risks and payment characteristics are equivalent to and accounted for as loans (collectively, our “interest earning assets”). Portfolio net interest income (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure) represents the net interest income related to the Company's interest earning assets and the cost of financing attributable to the financing instruments that directly and exclusively finance the Company’s interest earning assets. Portfolio net interest income is impacted by factors such as our cost of financing, the interest rate that our investments bear and our interest rate hedging strategies. Furthermore, the amount of premium or discount paid on purchased portfolio investments and the prepayment rates on portfolio investments will impact portfolio net interest income as such factors will be amortized over the expected term of such investments.

During the three- and six-month periods, our average interest earning assets increased primarily due to increased investment in higher-yielding business purpose loans, contributing to increases of $18.8 million and $30.4 million in single-family portfolio interest income (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure), respectively. These increases were partially offset by CMBS sales and multi-family loan redemptions since June 30, 2021, contributing to decreases of $2.5 million and $5.3 million in multi-family portfolio interest income, respectively.

In addition, portfolio interest expense (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure) increased during both the three- and six-month periods primarily due to increased borrowings on repurchase agreement and securitization financings and an increase in the costs of financing due to base interest rate movements. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” within this section below for additional information.

Portfolio Net Interest Margin

We calculate portfolio net interest margin on our interest earning assets as the difference between our (i) yield on average interest earning assets, which represents the quotient of our annualized portfolio interest income relating to our interest earning assets and our average interest earning assets for the respective period, and (ii) our average portfolio financing cost, which represents the quotient of our annualized portfolio interest expense relating to our interest earning assets and the average outstanding balance of our interest bearing liabilities, excluding our Consolidated SLST CDOs, subordinated debentures, convertible notes, senior unsecured notes and mortgages payable on real estate, for the respective period.

We provide average yield on interest earning assets, average portfolio financing cost and portfolio net interest margin because we believe these key operating metrics provide investors and management with additional detail and enhance their understanding of our interest earning asset yields, in total and by investment category, relative to the cost of financing attributable to the financing instruments that directly and exclusively finance those assets, as well as underlying trends within our portfolio of interest earning assets. In addition to the foregoing, our management team uses these measures to assess, among other things, the performance of our interest earning assets in total and by asset, possible cash flows from our interest earning assets in total and by asset, our ability to finance or borrow against the asset and the terms of such financing and the composition of our portfolio of interest earning assets, including acquisition and disposition determinations. Our calculation of average yield on interest earning assets, average portfolio financing cost and portfolio net interest margin may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures of other companies who may use different calculations.

Portfolio net interest margin increased during the three- and six-month periods primarily due to our continued investment in higher-yielding business purpose loans. The Company also lowered its average portfolio financing cost through the issuance of two new residential loan securitizations in 2022 with a weighted average interest rate of 3.07% and the redemption of a securitization since June 30, 2021 that had higher interest costs.

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The following tables set forth certain information about our portfolio of interest earning assets by category and their related portfolio interest income, portfolio interest expense, portfolio net interest income, yield on average interest earning assets, average portfolio financing cost and portfolio net interest margin for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands).

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022

	Single-Family (8)			Multi- Family			Other			Total
Portfolio Interest Income (1) (2)	$	56,260		$	3,258		$	2,294		$	61,812
Portfolio Interest Expense (1)	(20,264)			(111)			—			(20,375)
Portfolio Net Interest Income (1)	$	35,996		$	3,147		$	2,294		$	41,437
Average Interest Earning Assets (3)	$3,535,569			$137,333			$21,177			$3,694,079
Average Interest Bearing Liabilities (4)	$2,498,132			$16,591			—			$2,514,723
Yield on Average Interest Earning Assets (5)	6.37		%	9.49		%	43.33		%	6.69		%
Average Portfolio Financing Cost (6)	(3.21)		%	(2.65)		%	—			(3.21)		%
Portfolio Net Interest Margin (7)	3.16		%	6.84		%	43.33		%	3.48		%

Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

	Single-Family (8)			Multi- Family			Other			Total
Portfolio Interest Income (1) (2)	$	37,455		$	5,734		$	1,846		$	45,035
Portfolio Interest Expense (1)	(8,747)			—			—			(8,747)
Portfolio Net Interest Income (1)	$	28,708		$	5,734		$	1,846		$	36,288
Average Interest Earning Assets (3)	$2,535,085			$288,889			$30,653			$2,854,627
Average Interest Bearing Liabilities (4)	$1,048,726			—			—			$1,048,726
Yield on Average Interest Earning Assets (5)	5.91		%	7.94		%	24.09		%	6.31		%
Average Portfolio Financing Cost (6)	(3.34)		%	—			—			(3.34)		%
Portfolio Net Interest Margin (7)	2.57		%	7.94		%	24.09		%	2.97		%

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022

	Single-Family (8)			Multi- Family			Other			Total
Portfolio Interest Income (1) (2)	$	103,083		$	6,571		$	4,681		$	114,335
Portfolio Interest Expense (1)	(33,241)			(122)			—			(33,363)
Portfolio Net Interest Income (1)	$	69,842		$	6,449		$	4,681		$	80,972
Average Interest Earning Assets (3)	$3,231,170			$139,960			$21,840			$3,392,970
Average Interest Bearing Liabilities (4)	$2,133,697			$9,300			—			$2,142,997
Yield on Average Interest Earning Assets (5)	6.38		%	9.39		%	42.87		%	6.74		%
Average Portfolio Financing Cost (6)	(3.10)		%	(2.61)		%	—			(3.10)		%
Portfolio Net Interest Margin (7)	3.28		%	6.78		%	42.87		%	3.64		%

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

	Single-Family (8)			Multi- Family			Other			Total
Portfolio Interest Income (1) (2)	$	72,715		$	11,886		$	3,370		$	87,971
Portfolio Interest Expense (1)	(17,792)			—			—			(17,792)
Portfolio Net Interest Income (1)	$	54,923		$	11,886		$	3,370		$	70,179
Average Interest Earning Assets (3)	$2,519,931			$299,618			$31,152			$2,850,701
Average Interest Bearing Liabilities (4)	1,025,944			—			—			$1,025,944
Yield on Average Interest Earning Assets (5)	5.77		%	7.93		%	21.64		%	6.17		%
Average Portfolio Financing Cost (6)	(3.47)		%	—			—			(3.47)		%
Portfolio Net Interest Margin (7)	2.30		%	7.93		%	21.64		%	2.70		%

(1)Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” within this section below for additional information.

(2)Includes interest income earned on cash accounts held by the Company.

(3)Average Interest Earning Assets is calculated based on the daily average amortized cost for the respective periods and excludes all Consolidated SLST assets other than those securities owned by the Company.

(4)Average Interest Bearing Liabilities is calculated each quarter based on the daily average outstanding balance for the respective periods and excludes our Consolidated SLST CDOs, subordinated debentures, convertible notes, senior unsecured notes and mortgages payable on real estate as these liabilities do not directly and exclusively finance our interest earning assets.

(5)Yield on Average Interest Earning Assets is calculated by dividing our annualized portfolio interest income (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure) relating to our interest earning assets by our Average Interest Earning Assets for the respective periods.

(6)Average Portfolio Financing Cost is calculated by dividing our annualized portfolio interest expense (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure) by our Average Interest Bearing Liabilities.

(7)Portfolio Net Interest Margin is the difference between our Yield on Average Interest Earning Assets and our Average Portfolio Financing Cost.

(8)The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of Consolidated SLST and has consolidated Consolidated SLST into the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. Portfolio interest income amounts represent interest income earned by securities that are actually owned by the Company. A reconciliation of portfolio net interest income generated by our single-family portfolio to our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is set forth below (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest income, residential loans	$	51,522	$	30,088	$	92,988	$	57,717
Interest income, investment securities available for sale	1,692		4,039		3,646		8,455
Interest income, Consolidated SLST	9,254		10,479		18,635		20,797
Interest expense, Consolidated SLST CDOs	(6,208)		(7,151)		(12,186)		(14,254)
Portfolio interest income, Single-Family	56,260		37,455		103,083		72,715
Interest expense, repurchase agreements	(11,536)		(3,732)		(17,056)		(7,774)
Interest expense, residential loan securitizations	(8,728)		(5,015)		(16,185)		(9,735)
Interest expense, non-Agency RMBS re-securitization	—		—		—		(283)
Portfolio interest expense, Single-Family	(20,264)		(8,747)		(33,241)		(17,792)
Portfolio net interest income, Single-Family	$	35,996	$	28,708	$	69,842	$	54,923

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Non-interest Income (Loss)

Realized Gains (Losses), Net

The following table presents the components of realized gains (losses), net recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Residential loans	$	2,386	$	4,597	$	(2,211)	$	5,818	$	7,281	$	(1,463)
Investment securities	—		392		(392)		374		4,766		(4,392)
Total realized gains (losses), net	$	2,386	$	4,989	$	(2,603)	$	6,192	$	12,047	$	(5,855)

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized net realized gains of $2.4 million related to our residential loan portfolio, primarily as a result of loan prepayments. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized net realized gains of $4.6 million related to our residential loan portfolio, primarily as a result of loan prepayments, and net realized gains of $0.4 million on the sale of CMBS.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized net realized gains of $5.8 million related to our residential loan portfolio, primarily as a result of loan prepayments, and net realized gains of $0.4 million on the sale of non-Agency RMBS. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized net realized gains of $5.6 million and net realized losses of $0.8 million on the sale of CMBS and non-Agency RMBS, respectively. The Company also recognized net realized gains on residential loans of $7.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021, primarily as a result of loan prepayments.

Unrealized (Losses) Gains, Net

The following table presents the components of unrealized (losses) gains, net recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Residential loans	$	(64,961)	$	5,902	$	(70,863)	$	(128,259)	$	24,578	$	(152,837)
Consolidated SLST	(4,275)		9,793		(14,068)		(19,554)		19,018		(38,572)
Preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments	12		190		(178)		(443)		296		(739)
Investment securities	1,530		7,969		(6,439)		(3,097)		6,128		(9,225)
Total unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(67,694)	$	23,854	$	(91,548)	$	(151,353)	$	50,020	$	(201,373)

The Company recognized $67.7 million and $151.4 million in net unrealized losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, primarily due to credit spread widening that impacted the pricing of our credit assets, particularly our residential loans and investment in Consolidated SLST. The Company recognized net unrealized losses on non-Agency RMBS and CMBS in the first and second quarter of 2022 due to credit spread widening. Unrealized losses on investment securities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were partially offset by unrealized gains recognized on non-Agency IOs during the second quarter as a result of an increase in interest rates.

The Company recognized $23.9 million and $50.0 million in net unrealized gains for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, primarily due to improved pricing across our residential loan, non-Agency RMBS and CMBS portfolios. In addition, lower interest rates drove modest price appreciation on our Agency RMBS securities.

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Income from Equity Investments

The following table presents the components of income from equity investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Preferred return on preferred equity investments accounted for as equity	$	5,703	$	5,531	$	172	$	11,365	$	10,907	$	458
Unrealized gains, net on preferred equity investments accounted for as equity	326		805		(479)		438		928		(490)
Income from unconsolidated joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	299		—		299		549		—		549
Income from entities that invest in or originate residential properties and loans	1,772		4,271		(2,499)		1,801		2,171		(370)
Total income from equity investments	$	8,100	$	10,607	$	(2,507)	$	14,153	$	14,006	$	147

Income from equity investments decreased in the three-month period, primarily due to equity income recognized upon the redemption of a residential equity investment in the prior period. Preferred return on preferred equity investments also decreased in the three-month period as a result of investment redemptions since June 30, 2021. The decrease in the three-month period was partially offset by unrealized gain recognized on a residential equity investment during the three months ended June 30, 2022.

Net (Loss) Income from Real Estate

The following table presents the components of net (loss) income from real estate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Income from real estate	$	35,870	$	2,150	$	33,720	$	61,458	$	3,645	$	57,813
Interest expense, mortgages payable on real estate (1)	(13,151)		(430)		(12,721)		(20,308)		(740)		(19,568)
Expenses related to real estate:
Depreciation expense on operating real estate	(15,132)		(838)		(14,294)		(25,244)		(1,519)		(23,725)
Amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	(37,262)		(1,516)		(35,746)		(62,737)		(2,758)		(59,979)
Other expenses	(18,365)		(1,559)		(16,806)		(30,767)		(2,560)		(28,207)
Total expenses related to real estate	(70,759)		(3,913)		(66,846)		(118,748)		(6,837)		(111,911)
Net loss from real estate	(48,040)		(2,193)		(45,847)		(77,598)		(3,932)		(73,666)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	18,922		1,625		17,297		33,792		3,034		30,758
Net (loss) income from real estate attributable to Company	$	(29,118)	$	(568)	$	(28,550)	$	(43,806)	$	(898)	$	(42,908)

(1)Included in interest expense in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

81

Since June 30, 2021, we have significantly grown our portfolio of joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties, the assets and liabilities of which are consolidated in our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Net loss from real estate in the three- and six-month periods is primarily related to the activity of the consolidated joint venture multi-family investments. A significant portion of the net loss is attributable to depreciation expense and amortization of lease intangibles related to the operating real estate.

Other Income

The following table presents the components of other income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Preferred equity and mezzanine loan premiums resulting from early redemption (1)	$	980	$	1,459	$	(479)	$	2,483	$	2,029	$	454
Gain on sale of real estate held for sale	4		—		4		373		—		373
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate	—		—		—		(603)		—		(603)
Miscellaneous income	121		217		(96)		278		1,249		(971)
Total other income	$	1,105	$	1,676	$	(571)	$	2,531	$	3,278	$	(747)

(1)Includes premiums resulting from early redemptions of preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments accounted for as loans.

The net decrease in other income in the three-month period is primarily due to a decrease in premiums received as a result of early redemptions of preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments.

The net decrease in other income in the six-month periods is primarily due to a decrease in income from entities that invest in residential properties and loans due to redemptions received since June 30, 2021 and loss on extinguishment of a mortgage payable on real estate sold. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in premiums recognized on the early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments and a gain on sale of real estate.

82

Expenses

The following tables present the components of general, administrative and portfolio operating expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
General and Administrative Expenses
Salaries, benefits and directors’ compensation	$	10,020	$	9,797	$	223	$	20,817	$	18,593	$	2,224
Professional fees	1,185		760		425		2,213		1,607		606
Other	1,970		1,963		7		4,503		3,761		742
Total general and administrative expenses	$	13,175	$	12,520	$	655	$	27,533	$	23,961	$	3,572

The increase in general and administrative expenses in the three-month period is primarily related to increases in legal and audit fees and increased salary expenses, due to an increase in employee headcount.

The increase in general and administrative expenses in the six-month period is primarily related to an increase in commission expense due to the funding of multi-family investments during the six months ended June 30, 2022 , an increase in salary and stock-based compensation expenses due in part to an increase in employee headcount and an increase in legal and audit fees and state capital tax expense.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
Portfolio operating expenses	$	12,690	$	6,688	$	6,002	$	22,179	$	11,518	$	10,661

The increase in portfolio operating expenses in both the three- and six-month periods can be attributed primarily to increased servicing fees due to increased investment in residential loans since June 2021 and due diligence expenses related to increased investment activity during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

83

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The main components of comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are detailed in the following table (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		$ Change		2022		2021		$ Change
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(125,333)	$	(166,732)	$	84,855	$	(251,587)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Decrease) increase in fair value of available for sale securities
Non-Agency RMBS	(535)		3,256		(3,791)		(2,723)		4,721		(7,444)
CMBS	—		532		(532)		—		(295)		295
Total	(535)		3,788		(4,323)		(2,723)		4,426		(7,149)
Reclassification adjustment for net loss included in net income	—		(213)		213		—		2,029		(2,029)
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME	(535)		3,575		(4,110)		(2,723)		6,455		(9,178)
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$	(82,924)	$	46,519	$	(129,443)	$	(169,455)	$	91,310	$	(260,765)

The changes in other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI") in both the three- and six-month periods can be attributed to a decrease in the fair value of our investment securities where fair value option was not elected during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 as a result of credit spread widening in the first and second quarters of 2022.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company’s newly purchased investment securities are presented at fair value as a result of a fair value election made at the time of acquisition pursuant to ASC 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”). The fair value option was elected for these investment securities to provide stockholders and others who rely on our financial statements with a more complete and accurate understanding of our economic performance. Changes in the market values of investment securities where the Company elected the fair value option are reflected in earnings instead of in OCI. As of June 30, 2022, the majority of the Company's investment securities are accounted for using the fair value option.

84

Analysis of Changes in GAAP Book Value

The following table analyzes the changes in GAAP book value of our common stock for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 (amounts in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022					Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Amount		Shares	Per Share (1)		Amount		Shares	Per Share (1)
Beginning Balance	$	1,660,493	381,249	$	4.36	$	1,783,906	379,405	$	4.70
Common stock issuance, net (2)	3,982		193			5,334		2,037
Common stock repurchase	(7,541)		(2,795)			(7,541)		(2,795)
Balance after share activity	1,656,934		378,647	4.38		1,781,699		378,647	4.71
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared	(38,144)			(0.10)		(76,378)			(0.20)
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
Investment securities available for sale (3)	(535)			—		(2,723)			(0.01)
Net loss attributable to Company's common stockholders	(82,389)			(0.22)		(166,732)			(0.44)
Ending Balance	$	1,535,866	378,647	$	4.06	$	1,535,866	378,647	$	4.06

(1)Outstanding shares used to calculate book value per common share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are 378,647,371.

(2)Includes amortization of stock based compensation.

(3)The decrease relates to unrealized losses on our investment securities due to reductions in pricing.

85

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to the results presented in accordance with GAAP, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes certain non-GAAP financial measures, including undepreciated earnings, undepreciated book value per common share, portfolio interest income, portfolio interest expense and portfolio net interest income. Our management team believes that these non-GAAP financial measures, when considered with our GAAP financial statements, provide supplemental information useful for investors as it enables them to evaluate our current performance and trends using the same metrics that management uses to operate our business. Our presentation of non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures of other companies, who may use different calculations. Because these measures are not calculated in accordance with GAAP, they should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, the financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Our GAAP financial results and the reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the most directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP should be carefully evaluated.

Undepreciated (Loss) Earnings

Undepreciated (loss) earnings is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure defined as GAAP net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders excluding the Company's share in depreciation expense and lease intangible amortization expense related to operating real estate, net. By excluding these non-cash adjustments from our operating results, we believe that the presentation of undepreciated (loss) earnings provides a consistent measure of our operating performance and useful information to investors to evaluate the effective net return on our portfolio. In addition, we believe that presenting undepreciated (loss) earnings enables our investors to measure, evaluate, and compare our operating performance to that of our peers.

A reconciliation of net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders to undepreciated (loss) earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below (amounts in thousands, except per share data):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Add:
Depreciation expense on operating real estate	10,309		296		16,468		490
Amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	22,910		781		36,889		1,302
Undepreciated (loss) earnings	$	(49,170)	$	44,021	$	(113,375)	$	86,647
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Undepreciated (loss) earnings per common share	$	(0.13)	$	0.12	$	(0.30)	$	0.23

Undepreciated Book Value Per Common Share

Undepreciated book value per common share is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure defined as GAAP book value excluding the Company's share of cumulative depreciation and lease intangible amortization expenses related to operating real estate, net held at the end of the period. By excluding these non-cash adjustments, undepreciated book value reflects the value of the Company’s rental property portfolio at its undepreciated basis. The Company's rental property portfolio includes single-family rental homes directly owned by the Company and consolidated multi-family apartment communities. We believe that the presentation of undepreciated book value per common share is useful to investors and us as it allows management to consider our overall portfolio exclusive of non-cash adjustments to operating real estate, net and facilitates the comparison of our financial performance to that of our peers.

86

A reconciliation of GAAP book value to undepreciated book value and calculation of undepreciated book value per common share as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, is presented below (amounts in thousands, except per share data):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Company's stockholders' equity	$	2,092,991	$	2,341,031
Preferred stock liquidation preference	(557,125)		(557,125)
GAAP book value	1,535,866		1,783,906
Add:
Cumulative depreciation expense on operating real estate	20,081		4,381
Cumulative amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	48,213		11,324
Undepreciated book value	$	1,604,160	$	1,799,611
Common shares outstanding	378,647		379,405
GAAP book value per common share (1)	$	4.06	$	4.70
Undepreciated book value per common share (2)	$	4.24	$	4.74

(1)GAAP book value per common share is calculated using the GAAP book value and the common shares outstanding for the periods indicated.

(2)Undepreciated book value per common share is calculated using the undepreciated book value and the common shares outstanding for the periods indicated.

Portfolio Interest Income, Portfolio Interest Expense and Portfolio Net Interest Income

The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of Consolidated SLST and has consolidated Consolidated SLST into the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. Our GAAP interest income includes interest income recognized on the underlying seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans held in Consolidated SLST. Our GAAP interest expense includes interest expense recognized on the Consolidated SLST CDOs that permanently finance the residential loans in Consolidated SLST. We calculate portfolio interest income (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure) by reducing our GAAP interest income by the interest expense recognized on the Consolidated SLST CDOs, thus only including the interest income earned by the SLST securities that are actually owned by the Company.

We refer to GAAP interest expense, excluding interest expense from Consolidated SLST CDOs, subordinated debentures, convertible notes, senior unsecured notes and mortgages payable on real estate, as portfolio interest expense (a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure). Portfolio net interest income is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure defined as GAAP net interest income excluding interest expense from subordinated debentures, convertible notes, senior unsecured notes and mortgages payable on real estate. As discussed above, we exclude the interest expense recognized on the Consolidated SLST CDOs from GAAP interest expense and instead reduce our GAAP interest income by the interest expense recognized on the Consolidated SLST CDOs to reflect the interest income earned by the SLST securities that are actually owned by the Company. In addition, we exclude our unsecured long-term debt and mortgages payable on real estate from GAAP interest expense in our calculation of portfolio interest expense and portfolio net interest income, the inclusion of which may otherwise obscure underlying trends in our portfolio of interest earning assets. We believe our calculation of these measures provides investors and management with additional detail and enhances their understanding of the performance of our interest earning assets, the cost of financing attributable to the financing instruments that directly and exclusively finance the Company’s interest earning assets and underlying trends within our portfolio of interest earning assets.

87

A reconciliation of GAAP interest income to portfolio interest income, GAAP interest expense to portfolio interest expense and GAAP total net interest income to portfolio net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
GAAP interest income	$	68,020	$	52,186	$	126,521	$	102,225
GAAP interest expense	41,891		20,711		70,513		40,410
GAAP total net interest income	$	26,129	$	31,475	$	56,008	$	61,815
GAAP interest income	$	68,020	$	52,186	$	126,521	$	102,225
Subtract interest expense from:
Consolidated SLST CDOs	6,208		7,151		12,186		14,254
Portfolio interest income	$	61,812	$	45,035	$	114,335	$	87,971
GAAP interest expense	$	41,891	$	20,711	$	70,513	$	40,410
Subtract interest expense from:
Consolidated SLST CDOs	6,208		7,151		12,186		14,254
Subordinated debentures	550		459		1,008		916
Convertible notes	—		2,788		438		5,572
Senior unsecured notes	1,607		1,136		3,210		1,136
Mortgages payable on real estate	13,151		430		20,308		740
Portfolio interest expense	$	20,375	$	8,747	$	33,363	$	17,792
Portfolio net interest income	$	41,437	$	36,288	$	80,972	$	70,179

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Critical Accounting Estimates

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP, which requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based, in part, on our judgment and assumptions regarding various economic conditions that we believe are reasonable based on facts and circumstances existing at the time of reporting. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions utilized in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Although our estimates contemplate conditions as of June 30, 2022 and how we expect them to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities and accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income, expenses and other comprehensive income (loss) during the periods presented. Moreover, the uncertainty over the ultimate impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on the global economy generally, and on our business in particular, makes any estimates and assumptions inherently less certain than they would be absent the current and potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Changes in the estimates and assumptions could have a material effect on these consolidated financial statements. Accounting policies and estimates related to specific components of our consolidated financial statements are disclosed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates as previously described under Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. For a discussion of our critical accounting estimates and the possible effects of changes in estimates on our consolidated financial statements, please see Part II., Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

A discussion of recent accounting pronouncements and the possible effects on our consolidated financial statements is included in “Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Balance Sheet Analysis

As of June 30, 2022, we had approximately $7.3 billion of total assets. Included in this amount is approximately $924.1 million of assets held in Consolidated SLST and $1.7 billion of assets related to equity investments in multi-family properties that we consolidate in accordance with GAAP. As of December 31, 2021, we had approximately $5.7 billion of total assets, approximately $1.1 billion of which represented Consolidated SLST and $1.0 billion of which related to equity investments in multi-family properties that we consolidate in accordance with GAAP. For a reconciliation of our actual interests in Consolidated SLST, see “Capital Allocation” and “Portfolio Net Interest Margin” above. For a reconciliation of our equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties, see “Equity Investments in Multi-Family and Residential Entities—Equity Investments in Consolidated Multi-Family Properties” below.

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Residential Loans

The following table presents the Company’s residential loans, which include acquired residential loans held by the Company and residential loans held in Consolidated SLST, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Acquired residential loans	$	3,408,414	$	2,504,719
Consolidated SLST	920,778		1,070,882
Total	$	4,329,192	$	3,575,601

Acquired Residential Loans

The Company’s acquired residential loans, including performing, re-performing, and non-performing residential loans and business purpose loans, are presented at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Subsequent changes in fair value are reported in current period earnings and presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following tables detail our acquired residential loans by strategy at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Number of Loans	Unpaid Principal		Fair Value		Weighted Average FICO	Weighted Average LTV (1)	Weighted Average Coupon
Re-performing residential loan strategy	5,186	$	708,697	$	694,355	630	62%	4.8%
Performing residential loan strategy	3,043	714,259		653,460		726	66%	3.9%
Business purpose bridge loan strategy	3,104	1,745,952		1,746,409		733	66%	8.4%
Business purpose rental loan strategy	1,161	325,886		314,190		748	70%	5.0%
Total	12,494	$	3,494,794	$	3,408,414

	December 31, 2021
	Number of Loans	Unpaid Principal		Fair Value		Weighted Average FICO	Weighted Average LTV (1)	Weighted Average Coupon
Re-performing residential loan strategy	5,515	$	769,779	$	818,900	628	65%	4.8%
Performing residential loan strategy	2,807	616,763		606,711		722	65%	4.0%
Business purpose bridge loan strategy	2,028	988,963		992,870		728	65%	8.7%
Business purpose rental loan strategy	266	83,071		86,238		747	68%	4.8%
Total	10,616	$	2,458,576	$	2,504,719

(1)For second mortgages (included in performing residential loan strategy), the Company calculates the combined LTV. For business purpose bridge loans, the Company calculates LTV as the ratio of the maximum unpaid principal balance of the loan, including unfunded commitments, to the estimated “after repaired” value of the collateral securing the related loan.

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Characteristics of Our Acquired Residential Loans:

Loan to Value at Purchase (1)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
50% or less	12.6	%	11.8	%
>50% - 60%	12.4	%	11.9	%
>60% - 70%	25.2	%	27.9	%
>70% - 80%	29.7	%	26.8	%
>80% - 90%	9.9	%	9.0	%
>90% - 100%	5.0	%	6.3	%
>100%	5.2	%	6.3	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

(1)For second mortgages, the Company calculates the combined LTV. For business purpose bridge loans, the Company calculates LTV as the ratio of the maximum unpaid principal balance of the loan, including unfunded commitments, to the estimated “after repaired” value of the collateral securing the related loan.

FICO Scores at Purchase	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
550 or less	7.4	%	11.3	%
551 to 600	6.5	%	10.0	%
601 to 650	7.4	%	11.0	%
651 to 700	16.5	%	16.1	%
701 to 750	26.9	%	23.4	%
751 to 800	29.0	%	22.1	%
801 and over	6.3	%	6.1	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

Current Coupon	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
3.00% or less	7.5	%	10.0	%
3.01% - 4.00%	14.0	%	15.5	%
4.01% - 5.00%	16.4	%	19.7	%
5.01% - 6.00%	6.6	%	7.5	%
6.01% - 7.00%	7.9	%	5.9	%
7.01% - 8.00%	19.4	%	13.2	%
8.01% and over	28.2	%	28.2	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

Delinquency Status	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Current	94.0	%	92.6	%
31 – 60 days	1.8	%	2.5	%
61 – 90 days	0.7	%	0.8	%
90+ days	3.5	%	4.1	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

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Origination Year	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
2007 or earlier	18.2	%	28.2	%
2008 - 2016	3.7	%	5.6	%
2017	1.2	%	1.9	%
2018	2.3	%	3.6	%
2019	3.7	%	6.0	%
2020	8.8	%	16.1	%
2021	30.1	%	38.6	%
2022	32.0	%	—
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

Consolidated SLST

The Company owns first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs issued by a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization. In accordance with GAAP, the Company has consolidated the underlying seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans of the securitization and the CDOs issued to permanently finance these residential loans, representing Consolidated SLST.

We do not have any claims to the assets or obligations for the liabilities of Consolidated SLST (other than those securities owned by the Company). Our investment in Consolidated SLST as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was limited to the RMBS comprised of first loss subordinated securities and IOs issued by the securitization with an aggregate net carrying value of $208.6 million and $230.3 million, respectively. For more information on investment securities held by the Company within Consolidated SLST, refer to the "Investment Securities" section below.

93

The following table details the loan characteristics of the underlying residential loans that back our first loss subordinated securities issued by Consolidated SLST as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands, except current average loan size):

	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Current fair value	$	920,778		$	1,070,882
Current unpaid principal balance	$	1,000,120		$	1,071,228
Number of loans	6,412			6,802
Current average loan size	$	155,976		$	157,487
Weighted average original loan term (in months) at purchase	351			351
Weighted average LTV at purchase	68		%	67		%
Weighted average credit score at purchase	705			710
Current Coupon:
3.00% or less	3.0		%	2.8		%
3.01% – 4.00%	37.7		%	37.2		%
4.01% – 5.00%	39.4		%	39.9		%
5.01% – 6.00%	12.1		%	12.1		%
6.01% and over	7.8		%	8.0		%
Delinquency Status:
Current	71.3		%	70.3		%
31 - 60	10.5		%	12.3		%
61 - 90	4.3		%	4.7		%
90+	13.9		%	12.7		%
Origination Year:
2005 or earlier	31.0		%	30.9		%
2006	15.5		%	15.4		%
2007	21.3		%	21.1		%
2008 or later	32.2		%	32.6		%
Geographic state concentration (greater than 5.0%):
California	10.5		%	10.5		%
Florida	10.4		%	10.5		%
New York	9.7		%	9.8		%
New Jersey	7.5		%	7.3		%
Illinois	7.2		%	7.1		%

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Residential Loans Financing

Repurchase Agreements

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had repurchase agreements with four third-party financial institutions to fund the purchase of residential loans. As of June 30, 2022, the Company's only repurchase agreement exposure (including repurchase agreements to fund residential loans and investments securities) where the amount at risk was in excess of 5% of the Company's stockholders’ equity was to Credit Suisse at 6.23%.

The following table presents detailed information about these repurchase agreements and associated assets pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Aggregate Uncommitted Principal Amount		Outstanding Repurchase Agreements (1)		Net Deferred Finance Costs (2)		Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Loans Pledged		Weighted Average Rate		Weighted Average Months to Maturity (3)
June 30, 2022	$	2,140,048	$	1,566,926	$	(2,381)	$	1,564,545	$	1,887,742	3.81	%	14.51
December 31, 2021	$	1,252,352	$	554,784	$	(525)	$	554,259	$	729,649	2.79	%	4.38

(1)Includes non-mark-to-market repurchase agreements with an aggregate outstanding balance of $755.6 million, a weighted average rate of 4.01%, and weighted average months to maturity of 20.23 months as of June 30, 2022. Includes a non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement with an outstanding balance of $15.6 million, a rate of 4.00%, and months to maturity of 2.03 months as of December 31, 2021.

(2)Costs related to the repurchase agreements which include commitment, underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees are reflected as deferred charges. Such costs are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, or straight line-method, if the result is not materially different.

(3)The Company expects to roll outstanding amounts under these repurchase agreements into new repurchase agreements or other financings, or to repay outstanding amounts, prior to or at maturity.

The following table details the quarterly average balance, ending balance and maximum balance at any month-end during each quarter in 2022, 2021 and 2020 for our repurchase agreements secured by residential loans (dollar amounts in thousands):

Quarter Ended	Quarterly Average Balance		End of Quarter Balance		Maximum Balance at any Month-End
June 30, 2022	$	1,386,714	$	1,566,926	$	1,566,926
March 31, 2022	682,867		783,168		783,168
December 31, 2021	397,651		554,784		554,784
September 30, 2021	337,295		335,434		345,620
June 30, 2021	401,466		341,791		506,750
March 31, 2021	441,006		538,632		538,632
December 31, 2020	415,625		407,213		425,903
September 30, 2020	651,384		673,787		673,787
June 30, 2020	892,422		876,923		905,776
March 31, 2020	731,245		715,436		744,522

Collateralized Debt Obligations

Included in our portfolio are residential loans that are pledged as collateral for CDOs issued by the Company or by Consolidated SLST. The Company had a net investment in Consolidated SLST and other residential loan securitizations of $210.0 million and $142.2 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2022.

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The following table summarizes Consolidated SLST CDOs and CDOs issued by the Company's residential loan securitizations as of June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	742,601	$	710,233	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	$	1,112,421	$	1,107,091	2.77	%	2026 - 2061

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding face amount and stated interest rate of notes issued by the securitization and not owned by the Company.

(2)The actual maturity of the Company's CDOs are primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. The CDOs are also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents. As a result, the actual maturity of the CDOs may occur earlier than the stated maturity.

(3)The Company has elected the fair value option for CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST.

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Mezzanine Lending

The Company's Mezzanine Lending strategy may include preferred equity in, and mezzanine loans to, entities that have multi-family real estate assets. A preferred equity investment is an equity investment in the entity that owns the underlying property and mezzanine loans are secured by a pledge of the borrower’s equity ownership in the property. We evaluate our Mezzanine Lending investments for accounting treatment as loans versus equity investments. Mezzanine Lending investments for which the characteristics, facts and circumstances indicate that loan accounting treatment is appropriate are included in multi-family loans on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Mezzanine Lending investments where the risks and payment characteristics are equivalent to an equity investment are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and are included in equity investments on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2022, one preferred equity investment was greater than 90 days delinquent. This investment represents 1.5% of the total fair value of our Mezzanine Lending portfolio.

The following tables summarize our Mezzanine Lending portfolio as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Count	Fair Value (1) (2)		Investment Amount (2)		Weighted Average Preferred Return Rate (3)		Weighted Average Remaining Life (Years)
Preferred equity investments	28	$	285,608	$	282,798	11.84	%	4.0

	December 31, 2021
	Count	Fair Value (1) (2)		Investment Amount (2)		Weighted Average Preferred Return Rate (3)		Weighted Average Remaining Life (Years)
Preferred equity investments	33	$	300,819	$	298,330	11.80	%	4.6

(1)Preferred equity investments in the amounts of $106.8 million and $120.0 million are included in multi-family loans on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Preferred equity investments in the amounts of $178.8 million and $180.8 million are included in equity investments on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

(2)The difference between the fair value and investment amount consists of any unamortized premium or discount, deferred fees or deferred expenses, and any unrealized gain or loss.

(3)Based upon investment amount and contractual preferred return rate.

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Mezzanine Lending Characteristics:

The following tables present characteristics of our Mezzanine Lending portfolio summarized by geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of our total investment amount as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
State	Count	Investment Amount		% Total		Weighted Average Coupon		Weighted Average LTV		Weighted Average DSCR (1)
Florida	6	$	85,401	30.2	%	12.5	%	72	%	2.57x
Texas	6	48,443		17.1	%	11.1	%	84	%	2.44x
Alabama	3	42,242		14.9	%	12.2	%	73	%	2.31x
Ohio	3	29,106		10.3	%	11.6	%	89	%	2.27x
Utah	1	19,917		7.0	%	12.0	%	67	%	N/A (2)
Other	9	57,689		20.5	%	11.2	%	85	%	2.07x
Total	28	$	282,798	100.0	%	11.8	%	78	%	2.28x

	December 31, 2021
State	Count	Investment Amount		% Total		Weighted Average Coupon		Weighted Average LTV		Weighted Average DSCR (1)
Florida	6	$	83,786	28.1	%	12.5	%	72	%	2.43x
Texas	9	70,523		23.6	%	11.2	%	84	%	2.13x
Alabama	3	40,960		13.7	%	12.2	%	73	%	2.12x
Ohio	3	28,482		9.5	%	11.6	%	88	%	2.05x
North Carolina	3	19,214		6.4	%	12.0	%	74	%	1.50x
Other	9	55,365		18.7	%	11.2	%	84	%	1.91x
Total	33	$	298,330	100.0	%	11.8	%	79	%	2.05x

(1)Represents the weighted average debt service coverage ratio ("DSCR") of the underlying properties.

(2)Not applicable as the underlying property is under construction.

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Equity Investments in Multi-Family and Residential Entities

Equity Investments in Consolidated Multi-Family Properties

The Company has invested in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities. The Company determined that these joint venture entities are VIEs and that the Company is the primary beneficiary, resulting in consolidation of the VIEs, including their assets, liabilities, income and expenses, in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP. We receive a preferred return and/or pro rata variable distributions from these investments and, in certain cases, management fees based upon property performance. We also will participate in allocation of excess cash upon sale of the multi-family real estate assets. The Company's net equity in these entities totaled $387.8 million as of June 30, 2022.

As of December 31, 2021, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company owned a multi-family apartment community and the Company's net equity in this entity totaled $14.6 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the entity completed the sale of its multi-family apartment community.

The geographic concentrations in consolidated multi-family properties exceeding 5% of our total net equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are shown below (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022
State	Property Count	Total Equity Ownership Interest	Net Equity Investment		Percentage of Total Net Equity Investment
Florida	9	49% - 95%	$	153,628	39.6	%
Texas	11	68% - 95%	$	113,251	29.2	%
Alabama	3	68% - 95%	$	38,091	9.8	%
Tennessee	2	64% - 68%	$	22,589	5.8	%
Oklahoma	2	95%	$	22,295	5.7	%

December 31, 2021
State	Property Count	Total Equity Ownership Interest	Net Equity Investment		Percentage of Total Net Equity Investment
Florida	6	47% - 100%	$	81,754	31.2	%
Texas	9	66% - 95%	$	79,527	30.4	%
Alabama	2	80% - 95%	$	37,162	14.2	%
South Carolina	2	63% - 66%	$	16,540	6.3	%

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A reconciliation of our net equity investments in consolidated multi-family properties to our condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, is shown below (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	38,233	$	30,130
Real estate, net	1,649,472		978,834
Lease intangible, net (a)	18,924		39,769
Other assets	29,163		31,006
Total assets	$	1,735,792	$	1,079,739
Mortgages payable on real estate, net (b)	$	1,251,059	$	709,356
Other liabilities	25,755		17,993
Total liabilities	$	1,276,814	$	727,349
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	$	37,101	$	66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	$	34,080	$	24,359
Net equity investment	$	387,797	$	261,639

(a)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(b)See Note 12 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding our mortgages payable on real estate.

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The following table provides summary information regarding our consolidated multi-family properties as of June 30, 2022.

Market	Property Count	Occupancy %		Units	Rent per Unit (1)		LTV (2)
Beaufort, SC	1	95.6	%	248	$	1,290	83.8	%
Birmingham, AL	2	97.4	%	693	1,316		75.2	%
Brandon, FL	2	92.3	%	1,267	1,211		88.9	%
Collierville, TN	1	96.3	%	324	1,406		80.0	%
Columbia, SC	1	96.0	%	276	989		84.6	%
Dallas, TX	2	95.3	%	401	1,758		87.2	%
Fort Myers, FL	1	92.0	%	338	1,336		89.7	%
Fort Worth, TX	1	96.5	%	256	1,034		80.2	%
Houston, TX	2	95.1	%	432	1,340		84.7	%
Little Rock, AR	1	97.5	%	202	1,196		86.2	%
Louisville, KY	1	93.3	%	300	1,284		84.3	%
Memphis, TN	1	94.2	%	242	1,088		97.2	%
Montgomery, AL	1	92.5	%	252	952		93.0	%
Oklahoma City, OK	2	93.7	%	957	697		85.9	%
Orlando, FL	1	90.5	%	220	1,363		82.9	%
Pearland, TX	2	91.0	%	234	1,433		67.2	%
Plano, TX	2	91.5	%	702	1,330		79.5	%
San Antonio, TX	2	92.8	%	684	1,204		80.5	%
St. Petersburg, FL	1	97.9	%	326	2,193		75.3	%
Tampa, FL	1	95.0	%	400	1,438		86.1	%
Apopka, FL	1	92.5	%	240	1,387		84.8	%
Kissimmee, FL	1	96.6	%	320	1,379		84.9	%
Pensacola, FL	1	90.4	%	240	1,356		79.2	%
Total Count/Average	31	94.0	%	9,554	$	1,265	83.3	%

(1)Represents average monthly rent per unit.

(2)Represents loan-to-value ("LTV") of the underlying properties.

Unconsolidated Multi-Family Joint Venture Equity Investments

The Company has invested in two additional joint venture entities that own multi-family apartment communities. The Company determined that these joint venture entities are VIEs but that the Company is not the primary beneficiary, resulting in the Company recording its equity investments at fair value. We receive variable distributions from these investments on a pro rata basis and management fees based upon property performance. We also will participate in allocation of excess cash upon sale of the multi-family real estate assets. The following table summarizes our unconsolidated multi-family joint venture equity investments as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
State	Property Count	Ownership Interest	Fair Value		Property Count	Ownership Interest	Fair Value
Texas	2	70%	$	10,990	2	70%	$	10,440

101

Equity Investments in Entities that Invest in or Originate Residential Properties and Loans

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had an ownership interest in an entity that invests in residential properties. We may receive variable distributions from this investment based upon underlying asset performance and we record our position at fair value. Also as of June 30, 2022, the Company invested in an entity that originates residential loans. The following table summarizes our ownership interests in entities that invest in residential properties and originate residential loans as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

		June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
	Strategy	Ownership Interest	Fair Value		Ownership Interest	Fair Value
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	Single-Family Rental Properties	11%	$	2,878	11%	$	19,143
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	Residential Loans	—	31,000		—	29,250
Total			$	33,878		$	48,393

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed, subject to holdbacks, as a result of a sale transaction initiated by the general partner during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)The Company has the option to purchase 50% of the issued and outstanding interests of an entity that originates residential loans. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method and has elected the fair value option.

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Investment Securities

At June 30, 2022, our investment securities portfolio included non-Agency RMBS, CMBS and ABS, which are classified as investment securities available for sale. Our investment securities also include first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs issued by Consolidated SLST. At June 30, 2022, we had no investment securities in a single issuer or entity that had an aggregate book value in excess of 5% of our total assets. The decrease in the carrying value of our investment securities as of June 30, 2022 as compared to December 31, 2021 is primarily due to sales and paydowns of non-Agency RMBS and a decrease in the fair value of a number of our investment securities during the period.

The following tables summarize our investment securities portfolio as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
					Unrealized						Weighted Average
Investment Securities	Current Par Value		Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value		Coupon (1)		Yield (2)		Outstanding Repurchase Agreements
Available for Sale (“AFS”)
Non-Agency RMBS
Senior	$	48	$	48	$	—	$	(6)	$	42	2.73	%	3.07	%	$	—
Mezzanine	30,250		29,228		—		(1,051)		28,177		4.77	%	5.57	%	16,092
Subordinated	39,139		27,999		1,083		(6,958)		22,124		12.22	%	6.99	%	6,392
IO	560,002		18,558		5,926		(5)		24,479		1.45	%	15.33	%	—
Total Non-Agency RMBS	629,439		75,833		7,009		(8,020)		74,822		2.25	%	8.60	%	22,484
CMBS
Mezzanine	26,600		26,600		—		(2,241)		24,359		4.12	%	4.12	%	13,029
Subordinated	6,000		6,000		—		(263)		5,737		7.93	%	7.93	%	2,652
Total CMBS	32,600		32,600		—		(2,504)		30,096		4.82	%	4.82	%	15,681
ABS
Residuals	117		19,371		16,217		—		35,588		—		44.12	%	—
Total ABS	117		19,371		16,217		—		35,588		—		44.12	%	—
Total - AFS	$	662,156	$	127,804	$	23,226	$	(10,524)	$	140,506	4.43	%	13.29	%	$	38,165
Consolidated SLST
Non-Agency RMBS
Subordinated	$	256,807	$	212,669	$	—	$	(23,743)	$	188,926	4.48	%	5.81	%	$	91,166
IO	159,129		23,795		—		(4,136)		19,659		3.50	%	2.20	%	—
Total Non-Agency RMBS	415,936		236,464		—		(27,879)		208,585		4.10	%	5.42	%	91,166
Total - Consolidated SLST	$	415,936	$	236,464	$	—	$	(27,879)	$	208,585	4.10	%	5.42	%	$	91,166
Total Investment Securities	$	1,078,092	$	364,268	$	23,226	$	(38,403)	$	349,091	4.30	%	8.22	%	$	129,331

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	December 31, 2021
					Unrealized						Weighted Average
Investment Securities	Current Par Value		Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value		Coupon (1)		Yield (2)		Outstanding Repurchase Agreements
Available for Sale (“AFS”)
Non-Agency RMBS
Senior	$	14,055	$	14,054	$	—	$	(6)	$	14,048	5.97	%	5.97	%	$	—
Mezzanine	40,350		39,243		1,787		(8)		41,022		6.72	%	6.18	%	—
Subordinated	63,153		53,386		374		(2,265)		51,495		4.35	%	6.12	%	—
IO	633,530		21,246		575		(367)		21,454		1.01	%	12.08	%	—
Total Non-Agency RMBS	751,088		127,929		2,736		(2,646)		128,019		1.80	%	6.86	%	—
CMBS
Mezzanine	26,600		26,600		159		(138)		26,621		3.81	%	3.81	%	—
Subordinated	6,000		6,000		525		—		6,525		7.69	%	7.69	%	—
Total CMBS	32,600		32,600		684		(138)		33,146		4.52	%	4.52	%	—
ABS
Residuals	117		21,795		17,884		—		39,679		—		24.58	%	—
Total ABS	117		21,795		17,884		—		39,679		—		24.58	%	—
Total - AFS	$	783,805	$	182,324	$	21,304	$	(2,784)	$	200,844	5.49	%	9.36	%	$	—
Consolidated SLST
Non-Agency RMBS
Subordinated	$	256,807	$	212,254	$	1,514	$	—	$	213,768	4.57	%	4.88	%	$	—
IO	174,483		26,415		—		(9,839)		16,576		3.50	%	8.48	%	—
Total Non-Agency RMBS	431,290		238,669		1,514		(9,839)		230,344		4.11	%	5.30	%	—
Total - Consolidated SLST	$	431,290	$	238,669	$	1,514	$	(9,839)	$	230,344	4.11	%	5.30	%	$	—
Total Investment Securities	$	1,215,095	$	420,993	$	22,818	$	(12,623)	$	431,188	4.90	%	6.97	%	$	—

(1)Our weighted average coupon was calculated by dividing our annualized coupon income by our weighted average current par value for the respective periods.

(2)Our weighted average yield was calculated by dividing our annualized interest income by our weighted average amortized cost for the respective periods.

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Investment Securities Financing

Repurchase Agreements

In March 2020, in reaction to the market turmoil related to the COVID-19 pandemic, our investment securities repurchase agreement providers dramatically changed their risk tolerances, including reducing or eliminating availability to add or roll maturing repurchase agreements, increasing haircuts and reducing security valuations. In turn, this led to significant disruptions in our financing markets, negatively impacting the Company as well as the mortgage REIT industry, generally. In response, the Company completely eliminated its securities repurchase agreement exposure in 2020, which continued throughout 2021.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements with third-party financial institutions to fund a portion of its investment securities portfolio. These repurchase agreements are short-term financings that bear interest rates typically based on a spread to SOFR and are secured by the investment securities which they finance. Upon entering into a financing transaction, our counterparties negotiate a “haircut”, which is the difference expressed in percentage terms between the fair value of the collateral and the amount the counterparty will advance to us. The size of the haircut represents the counterparty’s perceived risk associated with holding the investment securities as collateral. The haircut provides counterparties with a cushion for daily market value movements that reduce the need for margin calls or margins to be returned as normal daily changes in investment security market values occur. The Company expects to roll outstanding amounts under its repurchase agreements into new repurchase agreements or other financings, or to repay outstanding amounts, prior to or at maturity.

The following table details the quarterly average balance, ending balance and maximum balance at any month-end during each quarter in 2022, 2021 and 2020 for our repurchase agreements secured by investment securities (dollar amounts in thousands):

Quarter Ended	Quarterly Average Balance		End of Quarter Balance		Maximum Balance at any Month-End
June 30, 2022	$	132,712	$	129,331	$	138,301
March 31, 2022	116,766		144,852		144,852
December 31, 2021	—		—		—
September 30, 2021	—		—		—
June 30, 2021	—		—		—
March 31, 2021	—		—		—
December 31, 2020	—		—		—
September 30, 2020	29,190		—		87,571
June 30, 2020	108,529		87,571		150,445
March 31, 2020	1,694,933		713,364		2,237,399

Non-Agency RMBS Re-Securitization

In June 2020, the Company completed a re-securitization of certain non-Agency RMBS primarily for the purpose of obtaining non-recourse, longer-term financing on a portion of its non-Agency RMBS portfolio. In February 2021, the Company exercised its right to an optional redemption of its non-Agency RMBS re-securitization with an outstanding principal balance of $14.7 million at the time of redemption, returning the non-Agency RMBS held by the re-securitization trust to the Company.

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Debt

The Company's debt as of June 30, 2022 included senior unsecured notes and subordinated debentures.

Senior Unsecured Notes

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.75% Senior Unsecured Notes (the "Senior Unsecured Notes") outstanding, due on April 30, 2026. The Senior Unsecured Notes were issued at par and carry deferred charges resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 6.64%. The Company's Senior Unsecured Notes contain various covenants including the maintenance of a minimum net asset value, ratio of unencumbered assets to unsecured indebtedness and senior debt service coverage ratio and limit the amount of leverage the Company may utilize and its ability to transfer the Company’s assets substantially as an entirety or merge into or consolidate with another person.

Subordinated Debentures

As of June 30, 2022, certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries had trust preferred securities outstanding of $45.0 million with a weighted average interest rate of 5.66% which are due in 2035. The securities are fully guaranteed by us with respect to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation, redemption or repayment. These securities are classified as subordinated debentures in the liability section of our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Convertible Notes    

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.25% Senior Convertible Notes (the "Convertible Notes") outstanding. The Company redeemed the Convertible Notes at maturity for $138.0 million in January 2022. None of the Convertible Notes were converted prior to maturity. 

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Balance Sheet Analysis - Company's Stockholders’ Equity

The following table provides a summary of the Company's stockholders' equity at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
8.000% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	$	148,134	$	148,134
7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	179,349		179,349
6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	138,650		138,650
7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock	72,088		72,088
Common stock	3,786		3,794
Additional paid-in capital	2,354,377		2,356,576
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(945)		1,778
Accumulated deficit	(802,448)		(559,338)
Company's stockholders' equity	$	2,092,991	$	2,341,031

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain investments, comply with margin requirements, fund our operations, pay dividends to our stockholders and other general business needs. Generally, our investments and assets generate liquidity on an ongoing basis through principal and interest payments, prepayments, net earnings retained prior to payment of dividends and distributions from equity investments. In addition, we may generate liquidity through the sale of assets from our investment portfolio or the securitization or collateralized financing of our assets.

In response to the difficult conditions encountered in March and April 2020 resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, since late March 2020, we have focused on strengthening our balance sheet and long-term capital preservation primarily through the selective disposition of assets and by focusing on assets and markets that provide compelling risk-adjusted returns through either an unlevered strategy or through residential loan repurchase agreement financing with terms of one year or more or sustainable non-mark-to-market financing arrangements, including securitizations and non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement financing. By executing this strategy, as of June 30, 2022, we reduced our mark-to-market repurchase agreement financing by 70% from December 31, 2019 levels, which has resulted in a portfolio recourse leverage ratio for the Company of 0.6 times. Beginning in the three months ended March 31, 2022, we re-commenced the use of short term repurchase agreement financing that is subject to mark-to-market margin calls to fund a portion of our investment securities portfolio. Subject to market conditions, we intend to employ a prudent amount of leverage to conduct our business that is in excess of current leverage levels. However, in light of current market conditions, which includes increased volatility in interest rate, credit, mortgage and financial markets and the increasing risk of the U.S. economy experiencing a recession within the next 12 months, we currently expect to pursue selective investments across the residential housing sector and consider opportunistic dispositions. We also intend to maintain a solid position in unrestricted cash and a conservative approach to leverage based on current market conditions until we believe market conditions have sufficiently improved for the reasonable and prudent use of more substantial amounts of leverage. At June 30, 2022, we had $407.1 million of cash and cash equivalents, $88.3 million of unencumbered investment securities (including the securities we own in Consolidated SLST), $305.6 million of unencumbered residential loans and $285.6 million of unencumbered preferred equity investments in owners of multi-family properties.

Both of our residential and multi-family asset management teams have been active in responding to the government assistance programs instituted in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic providing relief to residential and multi-family loan borrowers. We have endeavored to work with any of our borrowers or operating partners that require relief because of the pandemic. As of June 30, 2022, less than 1% of our residential loan portfolio had an active COVID-19 assistance plan. We have a long history of dealing with distressed borrowers and currently do not expect these levels of forbearance to have a material impact on our liquidity. In our multi-family portfolio, one loan is delinquent in making its distributions to us. This loan represents 1.5% of our total preferred equity and mezzanine loan investment portfolio. We cannot assure you that any increase in or prolonged period of payment deferrals, forbearance, delinquencies, defaults, foreclosures or losses will not adversely affect our net interest income, the fair value of our assets or our liquidity.

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We historically have endeavored to fund our investments and operations through a balanced and diverse funding mix, including proceeds from the issuance of common and preferred equity and debt securities, short-term and longer-term repurchase agreements and CDOs. The type and terms of financing used by us depends on the asset being financed and the financing available at the time of the financing. As discussed above, as a result of the severe market dislocations related to the COVID-19 pandemic and, more specifically, the unprecedented illiquidity in our repurchase agreement financing and MBS markets, we have placed and expect to continue to place a greater emphasis on procuring longer-termed and/or more committed financing arrangements, such as securitizations, term financings and corporate debt securities that provide less or no exposure to fluctuations in the collateral repricing determinations of financing counterparties or rapid liquidity reductions in repurchase agreement financing markets. To this end, we have completed non-mark-to-market securitizations and non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement financings with new and existing counterparties since March 2020. More recently, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, we completed a securitization of certain performing and re-performing residential loans and a securitization of business purpose loans and received $945.3 million of proceeds from our non-mark-to-market repurchase agreements with new and existing counterparties.

Based on current market conditions, our current investment portfolio, new investment initiatives, leverage ratio and available and future possible financing arrangements, we believe our existing cash balances, funds available under our various financing arrangements and cash flows from operations will meet our liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months. We have explored and will continue in the near term to explore additional financing arrangements to further strengthen our balance sheet and position ourselves for future investment opportunities, including, without limitation, additional issuances of our equity and debt securities and longer-termed financing arrangements; however, no assurance can be given that we will be able to access any such financing, or the size, timing or terms thereof.

Cash Flows and Liquidity for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, net cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash increased by $213.9 million.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

We generated net cash flows from operating activities of $78.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022. Our cash flow provided by operating activities differs from our net income due to these primary factors: (i) differences between (a) accretion, amortization, depreciation and recognition of income and losses recorded with respect to our investments and (b) the cash received therefrom and (ii) unrealized gains and losses on our investments.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, our net cash flows used in investing activities were $1.1 billion, primarily as a result of purchases of residential loans, the funding of multi-family joint venture and preferred equity investments and the purchases of and capital expenditures on real estate. This was partially offset by principal repayments and refinancing of residential loans, proceeds from the sale of real estate and sales of non-Agency RMBS, repayments of investment securities and preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments and returns of capital from equity investments.

Although we generally intend to hold our assets as long-term investments, we may sell certain of these assets in order to manage our interest rate risk and liquidity needs, to meet other operating objectives or to adapt to market conditions. We cannot predict the timing and impact of future sales of assets, if any.

Because a portion of our assets are financed through repurchase agreements or CDOs, a portion of the proceeds from any sales of or principal repayments on our assets may be used to repay balances under these financing sources. Accordingly, all or a significant portion of cash flows from principal repayments received from residential loans, including residential loans held in Consolidated SLST, and proceeds from sales or principal paydowns received from investment securities available for sale were used to repay CDOs issued by the respective Consolidated VIEs or repurchase agreements (included as cash used in financing activities).

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, our cash flows provided by financing activities were $1.2 billion. The main sources of cash flows from financing activities were proceeds from the issuance of residential CDOs and proceeds from repurchase agreements related to our residential loans and securities. This was partially offset by the repayment of the Convertible Notes, paydowns on CDOs and dividend payments on both common and preferred stock.

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Liquidity – Financing Arrangements

As of June 30, 2022, we have outstanding short-term repurchase agreement financing on our investment securities, a form of collateralized short-term financing, with two different financial institutions. These repurchase agreements are secured by certain of our investment securities and bear interest rates that move in close relationship to SOFR. Any financings under these repurchase agreements are based on the fair value of the assets that serve as collateral under these agreements. Interest rate changes and increased prepayment activity can have a negative impact on the valuation of these securities, reducing the amount we can borrow under these agreements. Moreover, our repurchase agreements allow the counterparties to determine a new market value of the collateral to reflect current market conditions and because these lines of financing are not committed, the counterparty can effectively call the loan at any time. Market value of the collateral represents the price of such collateral obtained from generally recognized sources or the most recent closing bid quotation from such source plus accrued income. If a counterparty determines that the value of the collateral has decreased, the counterparty may initiate a margin call and require us to either post additional collateral to cover such decrease or repay a portion of the outstanding amount financed in cash, on minimal notice, and repurchase may be accelerated upon an event of default under the repurchase agreements. Moreover, in the event an existing counterparty elected to not renew the outstanding balance at its maturity into a new repurchase agreement, we would be required to repay the outstanding balance with cash or proceeds received from a new counterparty or to surrender the securities that serve as collateral for the outstanding balance, or any combination thereof. If we were unable to secure financing from a new counterparty and had to surrender the collateral, we would expect to incur a loss. In addition, in the event one of our repurchase agreement counterparties defaults on its obligation to “re-sell” or return to us the assets that are securing the financing at the end of the term of the repurchase agreement, we would incur a loss on the transaction equal to the amount of “haircut” associated with the short-term repurchase agreement, which we sometimes refer to as the “amount at risk.”

At June 30, 2022, we had longer-term repurchase agreements with terms of up to two years with four third-party financial institutions that are secured by certain of our residential loans and that function similar to our short-term repurchase agreements. The financings under two of these repurchase agreements are subject to margin calls to the extent the market value of the residential loans falls below specified levels. Beginning in the third quarter of 2020, we entered into or amended agreements with new and existing counterparties that are secured by certain of our residential loans and are not subject to margin calls in the event the market value of the collateral declines. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Balance Sheet Analysis—Residential Loans Financing—Repurchase Agreements" for further information. During the terms of the repurchase agreements secured by residential loans, proceeds from the residential loans will be applied to pay any price differential, if applicable, and to reduce the aggregate repurchase price of the collateral. Repurchase of the residential loans financed by the repurchase agreements may be accelerated upon an event of default. The repurchase agreements secured by residential loans contain various covenants, including among other things, the maintenance of certain amounts of liquidity and total stockholders' equity. As of June 30, 2022, we had an aggregate amount at risk under our residential loan repurchase agreements of approximately $320.8 million, which represents the difference between the fair value of the loans pledged and the outstanding balance of our repurchase agreements. Significant margin calls have had, and could in the future have, a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, business, liquidity and ability to make distributions to our stockholders. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – General” above.

As of June 30, 2022, we had assets available to be posted as margin which included liquid assets, such as unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, and unencumbered securities that could be monetized to pay down or collateralize a liability immediately. We had $368.9 million included in cash and cash equivalents and $88.3 million in unencumbered investment securities available to meet additional haircuts or market valuation requirements. The unencumbered securities that we believe may be posted as margin as of June 30, 2022 included $52.7 million of non-Agency RMBS (including an IO security we own in Consolidated SLST) and $35.6 million of ABS.

At June 30, 2022, the Company had $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Unsecured Notes outstanding. The Senior Unsecured Notes were issued at 100% of the principal amount and bear interest at a rate equal to 5.75% per year (subject to adjustment from time to time based on changes in the ratings of the Senior Unsecured Notes by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations), payable semi-annually in arrears on April 30 and October 30 of each year, and are expected to mature on April 30, 2026, unless earlier redeemed. The Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, prior to maturity, subject to a "make-whole" premium or other date-dependent multiples of principal amount redeemed. No sinking fund is provided for the Senior Unsecured Notes.

At June 30, 2022, we also had other longer-term debt which includes Company-sponsored residential loan securitization CDOs with a carrying value of $1.1 billion. We had eight Company-sponsored securitizations with CDOs outstanding as of June 30, 2022. See Note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report for further discussion.

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The real estate assets held by our multi-family joint venture investments are subject to mortgages payable. We have no obligation for repayment of the mortgages payable but, with respect to certain of the mortgages payable, we may execute a non-recourse guaranty related to commitment of bad acts.

As of June 30, 2022, our Company recourse leverage ratio, which represents our total outstanding recourse repurchase agreement financing, subordinated debentures and Senior Unsecured Notes divided by our total stockholders' equity, was approximately 0.7 to 1. Our overall leverage ratio does not include debt associated with CDOs or mortgages payable on real estate. As of June 30, 2022, our portfolio recourse leverage ratio, which represents our outstanding recourse repurchase agreement financing divided by our total stockholders' equity, was approximately 0.6 to 1. We monitor all at risk or shorter-term financings to enable us to respond to market disruptions as they arise.

Liquidity – Hedging and Other Factors

Certain of our hedging instruments may also impact our liquidity. We may use interest rate swaps, swaptions, TBAs or other futures contracts to hedge interest rate and market value risk associated with investments in Agency RMBS.

With respect to interest rate swaps, futures contracts and TBAs, initial margin deposits, which can be comprised of either cash or securities, will be made upon entering into these contracts. During the period these contracts are open, changes in the value of the contract are recognized as unrealized gains or losses by marking to market on a daily basis to reflect the market value of these contracts at the end of each day’s trading. We may be required to satisfy variable margin payments periodically, depending upon whether unrealized gains or losses are incurred. In addition, because delivery of TBAs extend beyond the typical settlement dates for most non-derivative investments, these transactions are more prone to market fluctuations between the trade date and the ultimate settlement date, and thereby are more vulnerable to increasing amounts at risk with the applicable counterparties. In March 2020, in response to the turmoil in the financial markets, we terminated our interest rate swaps and currently do not have any hedges in place.

Liquidity — Securities Offerings

In addition to the financing arrangements described above under the caption “Liquidity—Financing Arrangements,” we also rely on follow-on equity offerings of common and preferred stock, and may utilize from time to time debt securities offerings, as a source of both short-term and long-term liquidity. We also may generate liquidity through the sale of shares of our common stock or preferred stock in “at-the-market” equity offering programs pursuant to equity distribution agreements, as well as through the sale of shares of our common stock pursuant to our Dividend Reinvestment Plan (“DRIP”), which provides for the issuance of up to $20.0 million of shares of our common stock. The Company had no securities offerings during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

Stock Repurchase Program

In February 2022, the Board of Directors approved a $200.0 million stock repurchase program. The program, which expires March 31, 2023, allows the Company to make repurchases of shares of common stock from time to time in open market transactions, including through block purchases, through privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to any Rule 10b-18 or 10b5-1 plan. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 2,794,824 shares of its common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program for a total cost of approximately $7.5 million, net of fees and commissions paid to the broker of approximately $0.03 million, representing an average repurchase price of $2.69 per common share. As of June 30, 2022, $192.5 million of the approved amount remained available for the repurchase of shares of the Company's common stock under the stock repurchase program.

Dividends

For information regarding the declaration and payment of dividends on our common stock and preferred stock for the periods covered by this report, please see Note 15 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.

Our Board of Directors will continue to evaluate our dividend policy each quarter and will make adjustments as necessary, based on our earnings and financial condition, capital requirements, maintenance of our REIT qualification, restrictions on making distributions under Maryland law and such other factors as our Board of Directors deems relevant. Our dividend policy does not constitute an obligation to pay dividends.

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We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the various requirements to maintain our REIT status and to minimize or avoid corporate income tax and the nondeductible excise tax. However, differences in timing between the recognition of REIT taxable income and the actual receipt of cash could require us to sell assets or to borrow funds on a short-term basis to meet the REIT distribution requirements and to minimize or avoid corporate income tax and the nondeductible excise tax.

In the event we fail to pay dividends on our preferred stock, the Company would become subject to certain limitations on its ability to pay dividends or redeem or repurchase its common stock or preferred stock.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

Pursuant to the operating agreement for one of our joint venture investments, subject to certain conditions, third party investors in this joint venture have the ability to sell their ownership interests to us, at their election, and we are obligated to purchase such interests for cash. See Note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report for further discussion of redeemable non-controlling interest.

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Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

This section should be read in conjunction with “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our subsequent periodic reports filed with the SEC.

We seek to manage risks that we believe will impact our business including interest rates, liquidity, prepayments, credit quality and market value. When managing these risks we consider the impact on our assets, liabilities and derivative positions. While we do not seek to avoid risk completely, we believe the risk can be quantified from historical experience. We seek to actively manage that risk, to generate risk-adjusted total returns that we believe compensate us appropriately for those risks and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we take.

The following analysis includes forward-looking statements that assume that certain market conditions occur. Actual results may differ materially from these projections due to changes in our portfolio assets and borrowings mix and due to developments in the domestic and global financial, mortgage and real estate markets. Developments in the financial markets include the likelihood of changing interest rates and the relationship of various interest rates and their impact on our portfolio yield, cost of funds and cash flows. The analytical methods that we use to assess and mitigate these market risks should not be considered projections of future events or operating performance.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rates are sensitive to many factors, including governmental, monetary or tax policies, domestic and international economic conditions, and political or regulatory matters beyond our control. Changes in interest rates affect the value of the assets we manage and hold in our investment portfolio and the variable-rate borrowings we use to finance our portfolio. Changes in interest rates also affect the interest rate swaps and caps, TBAs and other securities or instruments we may use to hedge our portfolio. As a result, our net interest income is particularly affected by changes in interest rates.

For example, we hold residential loans and RMBS, some of which may have fixed rates or interest rates that adjust on various dates that are not synchronized to the adjustment dates on our repurchase agreements. In general, the re-pricing of our repurchase agreements occurs more quickly than the re-pricing of our variable-interest rate assets. Thus, it is likely that our floating rate financing, such as our repurchase agreements, may react to interest rates before our residential loans or RMBS because the weighted average next re-pricing dates on the related financing may have shorter time periods than that of the residential loans or RMBS. Moreover, changes in interest rates can directly impact prepayment speeds, thereby affecting our net return on residential loans and RMBS. During a declining interest rate environment, the prepayment of residential loans and RMBS may accelerate (as borrowers may opt to refinance at a lower interest rate) causing the amount of liabilities that have been extended by the use of repurchase agreements to increase relative to the amount of residential loans and RMBS, possibly resulting in a decline in our net return on residential loans and RMBS, as replacement residential loans and RMBS may have a lower yield than those being prepaid. Conversely, during an increasing interest rate environment, residential loans and RMBS may prepay more slowly than expected, requiring us to finance a higher amount of residential loans and RMBS than originally forecast and at a time when interest rates may be higher, resulting in a decline in our net return on residential loans and RMBS. Accordingly, each of these scenarios can negatively impact our net interest income. In addition, when we purchase residential loans at a discount to par value, and borrowers then prepay at a slower rate than we expected, the decreased prepayments would result in a lower yield than expected on the asset and/or may result in a decline in the fair value of the residential loans.

We seek to manage interest rate risk in our portfolio by utilizing interest rate swaps, swaptions, interest rate caps, futures, options on futures and U.S. Treasury securities with the goal of optimizing the earnings potential while seeking to maintain long term stable portfolio values. Given current market volatility, we do not currently have any hedges in place to mitigate the risk of rising interest rates.

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We utilize a model-based risk analysis system to assist in projecting portfolio performances over a scenario of different interest rates. Based on the results of the model, the instantaneous changes in interest rates specified below would have had the following effect on portfolio net interest income for the next 12 months based on our assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Changes in Interest Rates (basis points)	Changes in Portfolio Net Interest Income
+200	$	(24,946)
+100	$	(13,272)
-100	$	26,634

Interest rate changes may also impact our net book value as our assets and related hedge derivatives, if any, are marked-to-market each quarter. Generally, as interest rates increase, the value of our mortgage assets decreases, and conversely, as interest rates decrease, the value of such investments will increase. In general, we expect that, over time, decreases in the value of our portfolio attributable to interest rate changes will be offset, to the degree we are hedged, by increases in the value of our interest rate swaps or other financial instruments used for hedging purposes, and vice versa. However, the relationship between spreads on our assets and spreads on our hedging instruments may vary from time to time, resulting in a net aggregate book value increase or decline.

The interest rates for certain of our investments and financing transactions are either explicitly or indirectly based on LIBOR, which has been the subject of recent reform. In line with its plans to transition away from LIBOR, the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority ceased publication for the one week and two month LIBOR tenors as of December 31, 2021, and intends to stop publication for all other tenors on June 30, 2023. At this time, it is not possible to predict the effect of such change, including the establishment of potential alternative reference rates, on the economy or markets we are active in either currently or in the future, or on any of our assets or liabilities whose interest rates are based on LIBOR. We are working closely with the entities that are involved in calculating the interest rates for our RMBS, our loan servicers for our floating rate loans, and with the various counterparties to our financing transactions in order to determine what changes, if any, are required to be made to existing agreements for these transactions.

Our net interest income, the fair value of our assets and our financing activities could be negatively affected by volatility in interest rates. A prolonged period of extremely volatile and unstable market conditions would likely increase our funding costs and negatively affect market risk mitigation strategies. Higher income volatility from changes in interest rates could cause a loss of future net interest income and a decrease in current fair market values of our assets. Fluctuations in interest rates will impact both the level of income and expense recorded on most of our assets and liabilities and the market value of all or substantially all of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our net income, operating results, or financial condition.

Liquidity Risk

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain investments, pay dividends to our stockholders and other general business needs. The primary liquidity risk we face arises from financing long-maturity assets with shorter-term financings. We recognize the need to have funds available to operate our business. We manage and forecast our liquidity needs and sources daily to ensure that we have adequate liquidity at all times. We plan to meet liquidity through normal operations with the goal of avoiding unplanned sales of assets or emergency borrowing of funds.

We are subject to “margin call” risk on a portion of our repurchase agreements. In the event the value of our assets pledged as collateral suddenly decreases, margin calls relating to our repurchase agreements could increase, causing an adverse change in our liquidity position. Additionally, if one or more of our repurchase agreement counterparties chooses not to provide ongoing funding, we may be unable to replace the financing through other lenders on favorable terms or at all.

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As discussed throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in March 2020, we observed unprecedented illiquidity in repurchase agreement financing and MBS markets which resulted in our receiving margin calls under our repurchase agreements that were well beyond historical norms. We took a number of decisive actions in response to these conditions, including the sale of assets and termination of our interest rate swaps. Since this time, we have placed and expect to continue to place a greater emphasis on procuring longer-termed and/or more committed financing arrangements, such as non-mark-to-market repurchase agreements, securitizations and other term financings, which may involve greater expense relative to repurchase agreement funding. We provide no assurance that we will be able in the future to access sources of capital that are attractive to us, that we will be able to roll over or replace our repurchase agreements or other financing instruments as they mature from time to time in the future or that we otherwise will not need to resort to unplanned sales of assets to provide liquidity in the future. See Item 2, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources" and the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information about our liquidity and capital resource management.

Derivative financial instruments are also subject to “margin call” risk. For example, under the interest rate swaps we have utilized, typically we would pay a fixed rate to the counterparties while they would pay us a floating rate. If interest rates drop below the fixed rate we pay on an interest rate swap, we may be required to post cash margin. Given current market volatility, we do not currently have any interest rate swaps in place.

Prepayment Risk

When borrowers repay the principal on their residential loans before maturity or faster than their scheduled amortization, the effect is to shorten the period over which interest is earned, and therefore, reduce the yield for residential mortgage assets purchased at a premium to their then current balance. Conversely, residential mortgage assets purchased for less than their then current balance, such as many of our residential loans, exhibit higher yields due to faster prepayments. Furthermore, actual prepayment speeds may differ from our modeled prepayment speed projections impacting the effectiveness of any hedges we may have in place to mitigate financing and/or fair value risk. Generally, when market interest rates decline, borrowers have a tendency to refinance their mortgages, thereby increasing prepayments. Therefore, increased prepayments on our investments may accelerate the redeployment of our capital to generally lower yielding investments. Similarly, decreased prepayments are generally associated with increasing market interest rates and may slow our ability to redeploy capital to generally higher-yielding investments.

Our modeled prepayments will help determine the amount of hedging we use to off-set changes in interest rates. If actual prepayment rates are higher than modeled, the yield will be less than modeled in cases where we paid a premium for the particular residential mortgage asset. Conversely, when we have paid a premium, if actual prepayment rates experienced are slower than modeled, we would amortize the premium over a longer time period, resulting in a higher yield to maturity.

In an environment of increasing prepayment speeds, the timing difference between the actual cash receipt of principal paydowns and the announcement of the principal paydowns may result in additional margin requirements from our repurchase agreement counterparties.

We mitigate prepayment risk by constantly evaluating our residential mortgage assets relative to prepayment speeds observed for assets with similar structures, quantities and characteristics. Furthermore, we stress-test the portfolio as to prepayment speeds and interest rate risk in order to further develop or make modifications to our hedge balances. Historically, we have not hedged 100% of our liability costs due to prepayment risk.

Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk that we will not fully collect the principal we have invested in our credit sensitive assets, including residential loans, non-Agency RMBS, ABS, multi-family CMBS, preferred equity and mezzanine loan and joint venture equity investments, due to borrower defaults or defaults by our operating partners in their payment obligations to us. In selecting the credit sensitive assets in our portfolio, we seek to identify and invest in assets with characteristics that we believe offset or limit our exposure to defaults.

We seek to manage credit risk through our pre-acquisition or pre-funding due diligence process, and by factoring projected credit losses into the purchase price we pay or loan terms we negotiate for all of our credit sensitive assets. In general, we evaluate relative valuation, supply and demand trends, prepayment rates, delinquency and default rates, vintage of collateral and macroeconomic factors as part of this process. Nevertheless, these procedures provide no assurance that we will not experience unanticipated credit losses which would materially affect our operating results.

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Concern surrounding the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and certain of the actions taken to reduce its spread has caused and may continue to cause business shutdowns, limitations on commercial activity and financial transactions, labor shortages, supply chain interruptions, increased unemployment and multi-family property vacancy and lease default rates, reduced profitability and ability for property owners to make loan, mortgage and other payments, and overall economic and financial market instability, all of which may cause an increase in the credit risk of our credit sensitive assets. Although we did not see an increase in forbearance and delinquency rates in our portfolio during the quarter ended June 30, 2022, we would expect delinquencies, defaults and requests for forbearance arrangements to rise should savings, incomes and revenues of borrowers, operating partners and other businesses become increasingly constrained from a slow-down in economic activity and/or the reduction or elimination of policies intended to help keep borrowers and renters in their residences. Any future period of payment deferrals, forbearance, delinquencies, defaults, foreclosures or losses will likely adversely affect our net interest income from preferred equity investments, residential loans, mezzanine loans and our RMBS, CMBS and ABS investments and reduce the distributions we receive from our joint venture equity investments in multi-family apartment communities, the fair value of these assets, our ability to liquidate the collateral that may underlie these investments and obtain additional financing and the future profitability of our investments. Further, in the event of delinquencies, defaults and foreclosure, regulatory changes and policies designed to protect borrowers and renters may slow or prevent us from taking remediation actions.

We purchase certain residential loans at a discount to par, reflecting a perceived higher risk of default. In connection with our loan acquisitions, we or a third-party due diligence firm perform an independent review of the mortgage file to assess the state of mortgage loan files, the servicing of the mortgage loan, compliance with existing guidelines, as well as our ability to enforce the contractual rights in the mortgage. We also obtain certain representations and warranties from each seller with respect to the mortgage loans, as well as the enforceability of the lien on the mortgaged property. A seller who breaches these representations and warranties may be obligated to repurchase the loan from us. In addition, as part of our process, we focus on selecting a servicer with the appropriate expertise to mitigate losses and maximize our overall return on these residential loans. This involves, among other things, performing due diligence on the servicer prior to their engagement, assigning the appropriate servicer on each loan based on certain characteristics and monitoring each servicer's performance on an ongoing basis.

We are exposed to credit risk in our investments in non-Agency RMBS, CMBS and ABS. These investments typically consist of either the senior, mezzanine or subordinate tranches in securitizations. The underlying collateral of these securitizations may be exposed to various macroeconomic and asset-specific credit risks. These securities have varying levels of credit enhancement which provide some structural protection from losses within the securitization. We undertake an in-depth assessment of the underlying collateral and securitization structure when investing in these assets, which may include modeling defaults, prepayments and loss across different scenarios. In addition, we are exposed to credit risk in our preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments in owners of residential and multi-family properties, including joint venture equity investments in multi-family apartment communities. The performance and value of these investments depend upon the applicable operating partner’s or borrower’s ability to effectively operate the multi-family and residential properties, that serve as the underlying collateral, to produce cash flows adequate to pay distributions, interest or principal due to us. The Company monitors the performance and credit quality of the underlying assets that serve as collateral for its investments. In connection with these types of investments by us in multi-family properties, the procedures for ongoing monitoring include financial statement analysis and regularly scheduled site inspections of portfolio properties to assess property physical condition, performance of on-site staff and competitive activity in the sub-market. We also formulate annual budgets and performance goals alongside our operating partners for use in measuring the ongoing investment performance and credit quality of our investments. Additionally, the Company's preferred equity and equity investments typically provide us with various rights and remedies to protect our investment.

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Fair Value Risk

Changes in interest rates, market liquidity, credit quality and other factors also expose us to market value (fair value) fluctuation on our assets, liabilities and hedges. For certain of our credit sensitive assets, fair values may only be derived or estimated for these investments using various valuation techniques, such as computing the present value of estimated future cash flows using discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. However, the determination of estimated future cash flows is inherently subjective and imprecise. Moreover, the uncertainty over the ultimate impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on the global economy generally, and on our business in particular, makes any estimates and assumptions inherently less certain than they would be absent the current and potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The uncertainties stemming from the pandemic created unprecedented illiquidity and volatility in the financial markets. As a result, we believe our market value (fair value) risk has significantly increased. Minor changes in assumptions or estimation methodologies can have a material effect on these derived or estimated fair values. Our fair value estimates and assumptions are indicative of the interest rate and business environments as of June 30, 2022 and do not take into consideration the effects of subsequent changes.

The following describes the methods and assumptions we use in estimating fair values of our financial instruments:

Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. These techniques involve uncertainties and are significantly affected by the assumptions used and the judgments made regarding risk characteristics of various financial instruments, discount rates, estimate of future cash flows, future expected loss experience and other factors.

Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates and the resulting fair values. Derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in an immediate sale of the instrument. Also, because of differences in methodologies and assumptions used to estimate fair values, the fair values used by us should not be compared to those of other companies.

The table below presents the sensitivity of the fair value and net duration changes of our portfolio as of June 30, 2022, using a discounted cash flow simulation model assuming an instantaneous interest rate shift. Application of this method results in an estimation of the fair market value change of our assets, liabilities and hedging instruments per 100 basis point shift in interest rates.

The use of hedging instruments has historically been a critical part of our interest rate risk management strategies, although at this time, we currently have no hedging instruments in place. This analysis also takes into consideration the value of options embedded in our mortgage assets including constraints on the re-pricing of the interest rate of assets resulting from periodic and lifetime cap features, as well as prepayment options. Assets and liabilities that are not interest rate-sensitive such as cash, payment receivables, prepaid expenses, payables and accrued expenses are excluded.

Changes in assumptions including, but not limited to, volatility, mortgage and financing spreads, prepayment behavior, credit conditions, defaults, as well as the timing and level of interest rate changes will affect the results of the model. Therefore, actual results are likely to vary from modeled results.

Changes in Interest Rates	Changes in Fair Value	Net Duration
(basis points)	(dollar amounts in thousands)
+200	$(231,315)	3.7
+100	$(118,292)	3.4
Base		2.9
-100	$113,595	2.4

It should be noted that the model is used as a tool to identify potential risk in a changing interest rate environment but does not include any changes in portfolio composition, financing strategies, market spreads or changes in overall market liquidity.

Although market value sensitivity analysis is widely accepted in identifying interest rate risk, it does not take into consideration changes that may occur such as, but not limited to, changes in investment and financing strategies, changes in market spreads and changes in business volumes. Accordingly, we make extensive use of an earnings simulation model to further analyze our level of interest rate risk.

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Capital Market Risk

We are exposed to risks related to the equity capital markets, and our related ability to raise capital through the issuance of our common stock, preferred stock or other equity instruments. We are also exposed to risks related to the debt capital markets, and our related ability to finance our business through credit facilities or other debt instruments. As a REIT, we are required to distribute a significant portion of our taxable income annually, which constrains our ability to accumulate operating cash flow and therefore may require us to utilize debt or equity capital to finance our business. We seek to mitigate these risks by monitoring the debt and equity capital markets to inform our decisions on the amount, timing, and terms of capital we raise. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in volatility that has been extreme at times in a variety of global markets, including the U.S. financial, mortgage and real estate markets. In reaction to the tumultuous market conditions in March 2020 associated with the pandemic, various banks and other financing participants restricted or limited lending activity and requested margin posting or repayments where applicable. Although these conditions have largely subsided as of June 30, 2022, we expect these conditions to remain volatile and uncertain at varying levels for the near future and this may adversely affect our ability to access capital to fund our operations, meet our obligations and make distributions to our stockholders.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2022. Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2022.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under Part I., Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

In February 2022, the Board of Directors approved a $200.0 million stock repurchase program. The program, which expires March 31, 2023, allows the Company to make repurchases of shares of common stock from time to time in open market transactions, including through block purchases, through privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to any Rule 10b-18 or 10b5-1 plan. Subject to applicable securities laws, repurchases of the Company's common stock under the stock repurchase program may be made at times and in amounts as we deem appropriate, using available cash resources. The timing and extent to which we repurchase our common stock will depend upon, among other things, market conditions, the share price of the Company's common stock, liquidity, regulatory requirements and other factors, and common stock repurchases may be commenced or suspended at any time without prior notice. Shares of the Company's common stock repurchased by us under the stock repurchase program are cancelled and, until reissued by us, are deemed to be authorized but unissued shares of the Company's common stock.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 2,794,824 shares of its common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program for a total cost of approximately $7.5 million, net of fees and commissions paid to the broker of approximately $0.03 million, representing an average repurchase price of $2.69 per common share. As of June 30, 2022, $192.5 million of the approved amount remained available for the repurchase of shares of the Company's common stock under the stock repurchase program.

The following table presents information with respect to the shares of the Company's common stock that we purchased during the three months ended June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data):

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 1, 2022 - April 30, 2022	—	$	—	—	$	200,000
May 1, 2022 - May 31, 2022	—	$	—	—	$	200,000
June 1, 2022 - June 30, 2022	2,794,824	$	2.69	2,794,824	$	192,487
Total	2,794,824	$	2.69	2,794,824	$	192,487

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Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit	Description
3.1	Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Company, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2020).
3.2	Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2020).
3.3	Articles Supplementary designating the Company’s 7.75% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series B Preferred Stock”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 31, 2013).
3.4	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating 2,550,000 additional shares of the Series B Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 20, 2015).
3.5	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating the Company's 7.875% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2015).
3.6	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating the Company's 8.00% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series D Preferred Stock”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 10, 2017).
3.7	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating 2,460,000 additional shares of the Series C Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2019).
3.8	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating 2,650,000 additional shares of the Series D Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2019).
3.9	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating the Company's 7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred Stock”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.9 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 15, 2019).
3.10	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating 3,000,000 additional shares of the Series E Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 27, 2019).
3.11	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating the Company’s 6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.9 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 6, 2021).
3.12	Articles Supplementary reclassifying and designating 6,600,000 authorized but unissued shares of the Series C Preferred Stock as additional shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 5, 2021).
3.13	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating 2,000,000 additional shares of the Series F Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2021).

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3.14	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating the Company’s 7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series G Preferred Stock”) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.10 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 23, 2021).
3.15	Articles Supplementary reclassifying and designating 6,000,000 authorized but unissued shares of the Series B Preferred Stock as additional shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 23, 2021).
3.16	Articles Supplementary classifying and designating 2,000,000 additional shares of the Series G Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 2, 2022).
4.1	Form of Common Stock Certificate (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (Registration No. 333-111668) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 18, 2004).
4.2	Form of Certificate representing the Series D Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.7 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 10, 2017).
4.3	Form of Certificate representing the Series E Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.10 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 15, 2019).
4.4	Form of Certificate representing the Series F Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.10 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 6, 2021).
4.5	Form of Certificate representing the Series G Preferred Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.11 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 23, 2021).
4.6	Indenture, dated as of April 27, 2021, between the Company and UMB Bank National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2021).
4.7	Form of 5.75% Senior Note due 2026 (Included in Exhibit 4.6).

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Certain instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt securities of the Company and its subsidiaries are omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby undertakes to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, copies of any such instruments. 

31.1	Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS**	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH**	Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL**	Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF XBRL**	Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB**	Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE**	Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	The cover page for the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

*Furnished herewith. Such certification shall not be deemed “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

**Submitted electronically herewith. Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following documents formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021; (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021; and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

123

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC.
Date:	August 4, 2022	By:	/s/ Jason T. Serrano
			Jason T. Serrano
			Chief Executive Officer and President
			(Principal Executive Officer)
Date:	August 4, 2022	By:	/s/ Kristine R. Nario-Eng
			Kristine R. Nario-Eng
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

124

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jason T. Serrano, certify that: 

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of New York Mortgage Trust, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	August 4, 2022
		/s/ Jason T. Seranno
		Jason T. Serrano
		Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Kristine R. Nario-Eng, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 of New York Mortgage Trust, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	August 4, 2022
		/s/ Kristine R. Nario-Eng
		Kristine R. Nario-Eng
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of New York Mortgage Trust, Inc., (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to our knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Date:	August 4, 2022
		/s/ Jason T. Serrano
		Jason T. Serrano
		Chief Executive Officer and President (Principal Executive Officer)
Date:	August 4, 2022
		/s/ Kristine R. Nario-Eng
		Kristine R. Nario-Eng
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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Cover - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Aug. 04, 2022
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-32216
Entity Registrant Name	NEW YORK MORTGAGE TRUST, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity Tax Identification Number	47-0934168
Entity Address, Address Line One	90 Park Avenue
Entity Address, City or Town	New York
Entity Address, State or Province	NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	10016
City Area Code	212
Local Phone Number	792-0107
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		377,723,482
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001273685
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	NYMT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
8.000% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	8.000% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Trading Symbol	NYMTN
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Trading Symbol	NYMTM
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Trading Symbol	NYMTL
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, $25.00 Liquidation Preference
Trading Symbol	NYMTZ
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
ASSETS
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		$ 140,506	$ 200,844
Equity investments, at fair value		223,651	239,631
Cash and cash equivalents		407,104	289,602
Real estate, net		1,792,320	1,017,583
Other assets		299,938	215,019
Total Assets	[1]	7,299,536	5,658,301
Liabilities:
Convertible notes		0	137,898
Senior unsecured notes		97,039	96,704
Subordinated debentures		45,000	45,000
Mortgages payable on real estate, net		1,251,059	709,356
Other liabilities		231,066	161,081
Total Liabilities	[1]	5,135,364	3,226,519
Commitments and Contingencies
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated Variable Interest Entities		37,101	66,392
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 31,500,000 and 29,500,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, 22,284,994 shares issued and outstanding ($557,125 aggregate liquidation preference)		538,221	538,221
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 800,000,000 shares authorized, 378,647,371 and 379,405,240 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		3,786	3,794
Additional paid-in capital		2,354,377	2,356,576
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(945)	1,778
Accumulated deficit		(802,448)	(559,338)
Company's stockholders' equity		2,092,991	2,341,031
Non-controlling interest in consolidated variable interest entities		34,080	24,359
Total equity		2,127,071	2,365,390
Total Liabilities and Equity		7,299,536	5,658,301
Repurchase agreements
Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements		1,693,876	554,259
Collateralized Debt Obligations
Liabilities:
Collateralized debt obligations ($710,233 at fair value and $1,107,091 at amortized cost, net as of June 30, 2022 and $839,419 at fair value and $682,802 at amortized cost, net as of December 31, 2021)		1,817,324	1,522,221
Residential loans, at fair value
ASSETS
Residential loans, at fair value		4,329,192	3,575,601
Multi-family loans
ASSETS
Multi-family loans, at fair value		$ 106,825	$ 120,021

[1] Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, assets of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,952,609 and $2,940,513, respectively, and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,141,474 and $2,235,665, respectively. See Note 7 for further discussion.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - (Parenthetical) - USD ($)		Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)		$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)		800,000,000	800,000,000
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares)		378,647,371	379,405,240
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		378,647,371	379,405,240
Assets	[1]	$ 7,299,536,000	$ 5,658,301,000
Total liabilities	[1]	5,135,364,000	3,226,519,000
VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Assets		3,952,609,000	2,940,513,000
Total liabilities		$ 3,141,474,000	$ 2,235,665,000
Preferred Stock, Series Shares
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share)		$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)		31,500,000	29,500,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)		22,284,994	22,284,994
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)		22,284,994	22,284,994
Preferred Stock, aggregate liquidation preference		$ 557,125,000	$ 557,125,000
Consolidated SLST CDOs
Collateralized debt, carrying value		710,233,000	839,419,000
Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Collateralized debt, carrying value		710,233,000	839,419,000
Residential collateralized debt obligations
Collateralized debt, carrying value		1,107,091,000	682,802,000
Residential collateralized debt obligations | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Collateralized debt, carrying value		$ 1,107,091,000	$ 682,802,000

[1] Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, assets of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,952,609 and $2,940,513, respectively, and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,141,474 and $2,235,665, respectively. See Note 7 for further discussion.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
NET INTEREST INCOME:
Interest income	$ 68,020	$ 52,186	$ 126,521	$ 102,225
Interest expense	41,891	20,711	70,513	40,410
Total net interest income (expense)	26,129	31,475	56,008	61,815
NON-INTEREST (LOSS) INCOME:
Realized gains, net	2,386	4,989	6,192	12,047
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(67,694)	23,854	(151,353)	50,020
Income from equity investments	8,100	10,607	14,153	14,006
Income from real estate	35,870	2,150	61,458	3,645
Other income	1,105	1,676	2,531	3,278
Total non-interest (loss) income	(20,233)	43,276	(67,019)	82,996
GENERAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATING EXPENSES:
General and administrative expenses	13,175	12,520	27,533	23,961
Expenses related to real estate	70,759	3,913	118,748	6,837
Portfolio operating expenses	12,690	6,688	22,179	11,518
Total general, administrative and operating expenses	96,624	23,121	168,460	42,316
(LOSS) INCOME FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES	(90,728)	51,630	(179,471)	102,495
Income tax expense	90	15	67	81
NET (LOSS) INCOME	(90,818)	51,615	(179,538)	102,414
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in consolidated variable interest entities	18,922	1,625	33,792	3,034
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY	(71,896)	53,240	(145,746)	105,448
Preferred stock dividends	(10,493)	(10,296)	(20,986)	(20,593)
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$ (82,389)	$ 42,944	$ (166,732)	$ 84,855
Basic (loss) earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.11	$ (0.44)	$ 0.22
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.11	$ (0.44)	$ 0.22
Weighted average shares outstanding-basic (in shares)	381,200	379,299	380,999	379,091
Weighted average shares outstanding-diluted (in shares)	381,200	381,517	380,999	381,167

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$ (82,389)	$ 42,944	$ (166,732)	$ 84,855
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Decrease) increase in fair value of available for sale securities	(535)	3,788	(2,723)	4,426
Reclassification adjustment for net (gain) loss included in net (loss) income	0	(213)	0	2,029
TOTAL OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME	(535)	3,575	(2,723)	6,455
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$ (82,924)	$ 46,519	$ (169,455)	$ 91,310

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Total Company's Stockholders' Equity	Common Stock	Preferred Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 2,307,573	$ 2,301,202	$ 3,777	$ 504,765	$ 2,342,934	$ (551,268)	$ 994	$ 6,371
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	102,414	105,448				105,448		(3,034)
Stock based compensation expense, net	4,836	4,836	17		4,819
Dividends declared on common stock	(75,869)	(75,869)				(75,869)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	(20,593)	(20,593)				(20,593)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	(318)	(318)				(318)
Reclassification adjustment for net gain included in net income	2,029	2,029					2,029
Increase in fair value of available for sale securities	4,426	4,426					4,426
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	1,874							1,874
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	(13)							(13)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	2,326,359	2,321,161	3,794	504,765	2,347,753	(542,600)	7,449	5,198
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021	2,314,351	2,308,853	3,793	504,765	2,343,912	(547,491)	3,874	5,498
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	51,615	53,240				53,240		(1,625)
Stock based compensation expense, net	3,842	3,842	1		3,841
Dividends declared on common stock	(37,942)	(37,942)				(37,942)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	(10,296)	(10,296)				(10,296)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	(111)	(111)				(111)
Reclassification adjustment for net gain included in net income	(213)	(213)					(213)
Increase in fair value of available for sale securities	3,788	3,788					3,788
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	1,335							1,335
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	(10)							(10)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	2,326,359	2,321,161	3,794	504,765	2,347,753	(542,600)	7,449	5,198
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	2,365,390	2,341,031	3,794	538,221	2,356,576	(559,338)	1,778	24,359
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	(151,742)	(145,746)				(145,746)		(5,996)
Common stock repurchases	(7,541)	(7,541)	(28)		(7,513)
Stock based compensation expense, net	5,334	5,334	20		5,314
Dividends declared on common stock	(76,164)	(76,164)				(76,164)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	(20,986)	(20,986)				(20,986)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	(214)	(214)				(214)
Reclassification adjustment for net gain included in net income	0
Increase in fair value of available for sale securities	(2,723)	(2,723)					(2,723)
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	16,293							16,293
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	(576)							(576)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	2,127,071	2,092,991	3,786	538,221	2,354,377	(802,448)	(945)	34,080
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2022	2,250,001	2,217,618	3,812	538,221	2,357,910	(681,915)	(410)	32,383
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	(75,650)	(71,896)				(71,896)		(3,754)
Common stock repurchases	(7,541)	(7,541)	(28)		(7,513)
Stock based compensation expense, net	3,982	3,982	2		3,980
Dividends declared on common stock	(38,039)	(38,039)				(38,039)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	(10,493)	(10,493)				(10,493)
Dividends attributable to dividend equivalents	(105)	(105)				(105)
Reclassification adjustment for net gain included in net income	0
Increase in fair value of available for sale securities	(535)	(535)					(535)
Increase in non-controlling interest related to initial consolidation of VIEs	5,805							5,805
Decrease in non-controlling interest related to distributions from Consolidated VIEs	(354)							(354)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 2,127,071	$ 2,092,991	$ 3,786	$ 538,221	$ 2,354,377	$ (802,448)	$ (945)	$ 34,080

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Net loss allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest	$ (15,168)	$ (27,796)

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net (loss) income	$ (179,538)	$ 102,414
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization	12,833	17,747
Depreciation and amortization expense related to operating real estate	87,981	4,277
Realized gains, net	(6,192)	(12,047)
Unrealized losses (gains), net	151,353	(50,020)
Gain on sale of real estate	(373)	0
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate	603	0
Income from preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments	(22,374)	(24,564)
Distributions of income from preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments	27,098	30,676
Stock based compensation expense, net	5,334	4,836
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	1,474	472
Net cash provided by operating activities	78,199	73,791
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from sales of investment securities	24,374	115,398
Principal paydowns received on investment securities	24,106	30,541
Purchases of investment securities	0	(24,926)
Principal repayments received on preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments	12,950	35,500
Return of capital from equity investments	30,250	50,275
Funding of preferred equity, mezzanine loan and equity investments	(19,191)	(320)
Funding of joint venture investments in Consolidated VIEs	(177,570)	(22,400)
Net proceeds from sale of real estate	52,207	4,188
Cash received from initial consolidation of VIEs	6,897	2,723
Purchases of and capital expenditures on real estate	(173,539)	(2,727)
Purchases of other assets	(83)	(44)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(1,111,434)	42,922
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net proceeds received from (payments made on) repurchase agreements	1,138,474	(66,141)
Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes, net	0	96,267
Proceeds from issuance of collateralized debt obligations, net	508,819	178,352
Repayment of convertible notes	(138,000)	0
Repurchases of common stock	(7,541)	0
Dividends paid on common stock and dividend equivalents	(76,249)	(75,735)
Dividends paid on preferred stock	(20,417)	(20,593)
Distributions to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(2,386)	(13)
Payments made on and extinguishment of collateralized debt obligations	(86,429)	(64,542)
Payments made on Consolidated SLST CDOs	(71,654)	(68,314)
Net proceeds received from mortgages payable on real estate	2,475	0
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	1,247,092	(20,719)
Net Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	213,857	95,994
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - Beginning of Period	337,861	304,490
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - End of Period	551,718	400,484
Supplemental Disclosure:
Cash paid for interest	60,711	35,194
Cash paid for income taxes	112	6
Non-Cash Investment Activities:
Consolidation of real estate held in Consolidated VIEs	664,437	73,513
Consolidation of mortgages payable on real estate held in Consolidated VIEs	518,229	61,831
Transfer from residential loans to real estate owned	1,855	2,674
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Dividends declared on stock to be paid in subsequent period	49,026
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Reconciliation:
Cash and cash equivalents	407,104	324,927
Restricted cash included in other assets	144,614	75,557
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	551,718	400,484
Common Stock
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Dividends declared on stock to be paid in subsequent period	38,533	37,942
Preferred Stock
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Dividends declared on stock to be paid in subsequent period	10,493	10,296
Residential loans
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Principal repayments received on residential loans	678,617	441,433
Proceeds from sales of residential loans	0	17,944
Purchases of residential loans	$ (1,570,452)	$ (604,663)

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Organization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization

Organization

New York Mortgage Trust, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries (“NYMT,” “we,” “our,” or the “Company”), is a real estate investment trust ("REIT") in the business of acquiring, investing in, financing and managing primarily mortgage-related single-family and multi-family residential assets, including joint venture equity investments in multi-family apartment communities. Our objective is to deliver long-term stable distributions to our stockholders over changing economic conditions through a combination of net interest margin and capital gains from a diversified investment portfolio. Our investment portfolio includes credit sensitive single-family and multi-family assets.

The Company conducts its business through the parent company, New York Mortgage Trust, Inc., and several subsidiaries, including taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”), qualified REIT subsidiaries (“QRSs”) and special purpose subsidiaries established for securitization purposes. The Company consolidates all of its subsidiaries under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

The Company is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, the Company will generally not be subject to federal income taxes on that portion of its income that is distributed to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders by the due date of its federal income tax return and complies with various other requirements.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Definitions – The following defines certain of the commonly used terms in these financial statements: 

“RMBS” refers to residential mortgage-backed securities backed by adjustable-rate, hybrid adjustable-rate, or fixed-rate residential loans;

“Agency RMBS” refers to RMBS representing interests in or obligations backed by pools of residential loans guaranteed by a government sponsored enterprise (“GSE”), such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), or an agency of the U.S. government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”);

“non-Agency RMBS” refers to RMBS that are not guaranteed by any agency of the U.S. Government or GSE;

“IOs” refers collectively to interest only and inverse interest only mortgage-backed securities that represent the right to the interest component of the cash flow from a pool of mortgage loans;

“POs” refers to mortgage-backed securities that represent the right to the principal component of the cash flow from a pool of mortgage loans;

“ABS” refers to debt and/or equity tranches of securitizations backed by various asset classes including, but not limited to, automobiles, aircraft, credit cards, equipment, franchises, recreational vehicles and student loans;

“CMBS” refers to commercial mortgage-backed securities comprised of commercial mortgage pass-through securities issued by a GSE, as well as PO, IO or mezzanine securities that represent the right to a specific component of the cash flow from a pool of commercial mortgage loans;

“CDO” refers to collateralized debt obligation and includes debt that permanently finances the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST, the Company's residential loans held in securitization trusts and a non-Agency RMBS re-securitization that we consolidate, or consolidated, in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP;

“business purpose loans” refers to short-term loans collateralized by residential properties made to investors who intend to rehabilitate and sell the residential property for a profit or loans which finance (or refinance) non-owner occupied residential properties that are rented to one or more tenants;

“Consolidated SLST” refers to a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization, comprised of seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans, of which we own or owned the first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs and senior securities that we consolidate in our financial statements in accordance with GAAP; and

“SOFR” refers to Secured Overnight Funding Rate.

Basis of Presentation – The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 has been derived from audited financial statements. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 are unaudited. In our opinion, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation S-X and the instructions to Form 10-Q. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, significant accounting policies and other disclosures have been omitted since such items are disclosed in Note 2 in the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Provided in this section is a summary of additional accounting policies that are significant to, or newly adopted by, the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management has made significant estimates in several areas, including fair valuation of its residential loans, multi-family loans, certain equity investments and Consolidated SLST CDOs. Although the Company’s estimates contemplate current conditions and how it expects those conditions to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and its financial condition.

The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting emergency measures have led (and may continue to lead) to significant disruptions in the global supply chain, global capital markets, the economy of the U.S. and the economies of other countries impacted by COVID-19. The fluidity of this situation precludes any prediction as to the ultimate adverse impact of COVID-19 on economic and market conditions. The Company believes the estimates and assumptions underlying our condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and supportable based on the information available as of June 30, 2022; however, uncertainty over the ultimate impact COVID-19 will have on the global economy generally, and our business in particular, makes any estimates and assumptions as of June 30, 2022 inherently less certain than they would be absent the current and potential impacts of COVID-19. Accordingly, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and its financial condition.

Reclassifications – Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to current period presentation.

Principles of Consolidation and Variable Interest Entities – The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of all its subsidiaries which are majority-owned, controlled by the Company or a variable interest entity (“VIE”) where the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. The Company consolidates a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810") when it is the primary beneficiary of such VIE, herein referred to as a "Consolidated VIE". As primary beneficiary, the Company has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and a right to receive benefits or absorb losses of the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE. The Company is required to reconsider its evaluation of whether to consolidate a VIE each reporting period, based upon changes in the facts and circumstances pertaining to the VIE.

The Company evaluates the initial consolidation of each Consolidated VIE, which includes a determination of whether the VIE constitutes the definition of a business in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"), by considering if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets within the VIE are concentrated in either a single identifiable asset or group of single identifiable assets. Upon consolidation, the Company recognizes the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any third-party ownership of membership interests as non-controlling interest as of the consolidation or acquisition date, measured at their relative fair values (see Note 7). Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs is adjusted prospectively for its share of the allocation of income or loss and equity contributions and distributions from each respective Consolidated VIE. The third-party owners of certain of the non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs have the ability to sell their ownership interests to the Company, at their election. The Company has classified these third-party ownership interests as redeemable non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs in mezzanine equity on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Summary of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting ("ASU 2020-04"). ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions to GAAP requirements for modifications to debt agreements, leases, derivatives and other contracts, related to the expected market transition from LIBOR, and certain other floating rate benchmark indices, or collectively, IBORs, to alternative reference rates. ASU 2020-04 generally considers contract modifications related to reference rate reform to be an event that does not require contract remeasurement at the modification date nor a reassessment of a previous accounting determination. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope ("ASU 2021-01"). ASU 2021-01 clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the "discounting transition" (i.e., changes in the interest rates used for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment for derivative instruments that are being implemented as part of the market-wide transition to new reference rates). The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time, through December 31, 2022, as reference rate reform activities occur. Once ASU 2020-04 is elected, the guidance must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications. The amendments in ASU 2021-01 were effective immediately and may be applied on a full retrospective basis as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020 or on a prospective basis for eligible contract modifications through December 31, 2022. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 on its financing transactions that are subject to LIBOR and may apply elections, as applicable, as the expected market transition from IBORs to alternative reference rates continues to develop.

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Abstract]

Residential Loans, at Fair Value

Residential Loans, at Fair Value

The Company’s acquired residential loans, including performing, re-performing and non-performing residential loans, and business purpose loans, are presented at fair value on its condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of a fair value election. Subsequent changes in fair value are reported in current period earnings and presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents the Company’s residential loans, at fair value, which consist of residential loans held by the Company, Consolidated SLST and other securitization trusts, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Residential loans (1)		Consolidated SLST (2)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts (3)		Total		Residential loans (1)		Consolidated SLST (2)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts (3)		Total
Principal	$	2,262,439	$	1,000,120	$	1,232,355	$	4,494,914	$	1,682,138	$	1,071,228	$	776,438	$	3,529,804
(Discount)/premium	(34,778)		(4,551)		(50,754)		(90,083)		(44,256)		(2,998)		(37,011)		(84,265)
Unrealized (losses) gains	(34,342)		(74,791)		33,494		(75,639)		65,408		2,652		62,002		130,062
Carrying value	$	2,193,319	$	920,778	$	1,215,095	$	4,329,192	$	1,703,290	$	1,070,882	$	801,429	$	3,575,601

(1)Certain of the Company's residential loans, at fair value are pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (see Note 10).

(2)The Company invests in first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs issued by a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization. In accordance with GAAP, the Company has consolidated the underlying seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans held in the securitization and the CDOs issued to permanently finance these residential loans, representing Consolidated SLST. Consolidated SLST CDOs are included in collateralized debt obligations on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 11).

(3)The Company's residential loans held in securitization trusts are pledged as collateral for CDOs issued by the Company. These CDOs are accounted for as financings and included in collateralized debt obligations on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 11).

The following table presents the unrealized gains (losses), net attributable to residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2022						June 30, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(30,078)	$	(10,798)	$	(34,883)	$	1,009	$	6,471	$	4,893

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2022						June 30, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(55,602)	$	(77,443)	$	(72,657)	$	7,435	$	(18,872)	$	17,143

(1)In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST, including investment securities we own, as the fair value of these instruments is more observable (see Note 14). See Note 7 for unrealized gains (losses), net recognized by the Company on its investment in Consolidated SLST, which include unrealized gains (losses) on the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST presented in the table above and unrealized gains (losses) on the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST.

The Company recognized $3.2 million and $7.1 million of net realized gains on the payoff of residential loans, at fair value during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The Company recognized $4.9 million and $8.3 million of net realized gains on the payoff of residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. The Company also recognized $0.3 million and $0.5 million of net realized gains on the sale of residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. The Company did not sell any residential loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the unpaid principal balance of residential loans, at fair value as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
California	21.9	%	10.5	%	23.8	%	21.7	%	10.5	%	22.0	%
Florida	11.2	%	10.4	%	10.1	%	10.4	%	10.5	%	8.9	%
New York	8.8	%	9.7	%	7.5	%	8.8	%	9.8	%	9.2	%
Texas	7.5	%	4.0	%	5.4	%	7.4	%	4.0	%	4.3	%
New Jersey	6.9	%	7.5	%	4.7	%	5.9	%	7.3	%	6.4	%
Washington	5.4	%	1.8	%	3.2	%	4.4	%	1.9	%	3.2	%
Illinois	2.9	%	7.2	%	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.1	%	2.3	%
Massachusetts	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.5	%	4.6	%	2.7	%	5.6	%

The following table presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts in non-accrual status as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Greater than 90 days past due				Less than 90 days past due
	Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance		Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance
June 30, 2022	$	115,696	$	123,559	$	10,588	$	11,219
December 31, 2021	92,990		102,981		17,102		17,716

Residential loans held in Consolidated SLST with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of $138.6 million and $135.9 million were 90 days or more delinquent as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Receivables [Abstract]

Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value

Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value

The Company's multi-family loans consisting of its preferred equity in, and mezzanine loans to, entities that have multi-family real estate assets are presented at fair value on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of a fair value election. Accordingly, changes in fair value are presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. Multi-family loans consist of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Investment amount	$	105,399	$	118,307
Deferred loan fees, net	(517)		(672)
Unrealized gains, net	1,943		2,386
Total, at Fair Value	$	106,825	$	120,021

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $11.9 thousand in net unrealized gains and $0.4 million in net unrealized losses on preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments included in multi-family loans, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $0.3 million in net unrealized gains on preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments included in multi-family loans, respectively.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $1.0 million in premiums resulting from early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loans included in multi-family loans, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $1.5 million and $2.0 million in premiums resulting from early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loans included in multi-family loans, respectively. Premiums resulting from early redemption of preferred equity and mezzanine loans accounted for as multi-family loans are included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The table below presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's multi-family loans in non-accrual status as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Days Late	Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance		Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance
90 +	$	4,370	$	3,363	$	3,972	$	3,363

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total multi-family loan investment amounts as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Texas	25.1	%	28.3	%
Florida	13.9	%	12.2	%
Tennessee	12.7	%	11.0	%
Georgia	8.5	%	7.4	%
Ohio	8.1	%	7.2	%
Louisiana	6.3	%	5.8	%
Alabama	5.8	%	5.0	%
North Carolina	5.0	%	7.0	%

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value

Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value

The Company accounts for certain of its investment securities available for sale using the fair value election pursuant to ASC 825, Financial Instruments ("ASC 825"), where changes in fair value are recorded in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company also has investment securities available for sale where the fair value option has not been elected, which we refer to as CECL Securities. CECL Securities are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The Company's investment securities available for sale consisted of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Unrealized				Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized				Fair Value
			Gains		Losses						Gains		Losses
Fair Value Option
Non-Agency RMBS	$	50,307	$	7,009	$	(7,076)	$	50,240	$	100,186	$	949	$	(2,636)	$	98,499
CMBS	32,600		—		(2,504)		30,096		32,600		684		(138)		33,146
ABS	19,371		16,217		—		35,588		21,795		17,884		—		39,679
Total investment securities available for sale - fair value option	102,278		23,226		(9,580)		115,924		154,581		19,517		(2,774)		171,324
CECL Securities
Non-Agency RMBS	25,526		—		(944)		24,582		27,743		1,787		(10)		29,520
Total investment securities available for sale - CECL Securities	25,526		—		(944)		24,582		27,743		1,787		(10)		29,520
Total	$	127,804	$	23,226	$	(10,524)	$	140,506	$	182,324	$	21,304	$	(2,784)	$	200,844

Accrued interest receivable for investment securities available for sale in the amount of $0.4 million and $0.7 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, is included in other assets on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $1.5 million in net unrealized gains and $3.1 million in net unrealized losses on investment securities available for sale accounted for under the fair value option, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $8.0 million and $6.1 million in net unrealized gains on investment securities available for sale accounted for under the fair value option, respectively.

Realized Gain and Loss Activity

The Company did not sell investment securities during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The following tables summarize our investment securities sold during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
CMBS	$	3,770	$	392	$	—	$	392
Total	$	3,770	$	392	$	—	$	392

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
Non-Agency RMBS	$	24,374	$	374	$	—	$	374
Total	$	24,374	$	374	$	—	$	374

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
Non-Agency RMBS	$	72,083	$	12	$	(833)	$	(821)
CMBS	43,315		5,587		—		5,587
Total	$	115,398	$	5,599	$	(833)	$	4,766

Weighted Average Life

Actual maturities of our investment securities available for sale are generally shorter than stated contractual maturities (with contractual maturities up to 37 years), as they are affected by periodic payments and prepayments of principal on the underlying mortgages. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, based on management’s estimates, the weighted average life of the Company’s investment securities available for sale portfolio was approximately 6.0 years and 5.8 years, respectively.

The following table sets forth the weighted average lives of our investment securities available for sale as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Weighted Average Life	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
0 to 5 years	$	68,455	$	144,266
Over 5 to 10 years	58,419		39,306
10+ years	13,632		17,272
Total	$	140,506	$	200,844

Unrealized Losses in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company evaluated its CECL Securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and determined that no allowance for credit losses was necessary. The Company did not recognize credit losses for its CECL Securities through earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

The following table presents the Company's CECL Securities in an unrealized loss position with no credit losses reported, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months				Total
	Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Non-Agency RMBS	$	24,540	$	(938)	$	42	$	(6)	$	24,582	$	(944)
Total	$	24,540	$	(938)	$	42	$	(6)	$	24,582	$	(944)

December 31, 2021	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months				Total
	Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Non-Agency RMBS	$	2,300	$	(3)	$	48	$	(7)	$	2,348	$	(10)
Total	$	2,300	$	(3)	$	48	$	(7)	$	2,348	$	(10)

At June 30, 2022, the Company did not intend to sell any of its investment securities available for sale that were in an unrealized loss position, and it was “more likely than not” that the Company would not be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at their maturity.

Credit risk associated with non-Agency RMBS is regularly assessed as new information regarding the underlying collateral becomes available and based on updated estimates of cash flows generated by the underlying collateral. In performing its assessment, the Company considers past and expected future performance of the underlying collateral, including timing of expected future cash flows, prepayment rates, default rates, loss severities, delinquency rates, current levels of subordination, volatility of the security's fair value, temporary declines in liquidity for the asset class and interest rate changes since purchase. Based upon the most recent evaluation, the Company does not believe that these unrealized losses are credit related but are rather a reflection of current market yields and/or marketplace bid-ask spreads.

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Equity Investments, at Fair Value

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Equity Investments, at Fair Value

Equity Investments, at Fair Value

The Company's equity investments consist of, or have consisted of, preferred equity ownership interests in entities that invest in multi-family properties where the risks and payment characteristics are equivalent to an equity investment (or multi-family preferred equity ownership interests), equity ownership interests in entities that invest in single-family properties and invest in or originate residential loans (or single-family equity ownership interests) and joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties. The Company's equity investments are accounted for under the equity method and are presented at fair value on its condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of a fair value election.

The following table presents the Company's equity investments as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Investment Name	Ownership Interest	Fair Value		Ownership Interest	Fair Value
Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC	45%	$	20,586	45%	$	19,965
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)	43%	6,047		43%	5,725
1122 Chicago DE, LLC	53%	7,998		53%	7,723
Bighaus, LLC	42%	15,987		42%	15,471
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC	51%	26,403		51%	25,499
Lurin-RMI, LLC	38%	10,985		38%	9,548
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC	34%	5,338		34%	5,175
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC	62%	30,367		62%	30,383
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC	57%	17,814		57%	17,213
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC	70%	17,271		70%	16,597
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC	58%	19,987		—	—
DCP Gold Creek, LLC	—	—		44%	6,686
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC	—	—		56%	11,331
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.	—	—		36%	9,482
Total - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests		178,783			180,798
Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC	70%	3,982		70%	3,770
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC	70%	7,008		70%	6,670
Total - Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties		10,990			10,440
Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	11%	2,878		11%	19,143
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	—	31,000		—	29,250
Total - Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests		33,878			48,393
Total		$	223,651		$	239,631

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed, subject to holdbacks, as a result of a sale transaction initiated by the general partner during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)The Company has the option to purchase 50% of the issued and outstanding interests of an entity that originates residential loans. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method and has elected the fair value option. The Company purchased $82.1 million and $252.3 million of residential loans from the entity during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.    

The Company records its equity in earnings or losses from its multi-family preferred equity ownership interests under the hypothetical liquidation of book value method of accounting due to the structures and the preferences it receives on the distributions from these entities pursuant to the respective agreements. Under this method, the Company recognizes income or loss in each period based on the change in liquidation proceeds it would receive from a hypothetical liquidation of its investment. Pursuant to the fair value election, changes in fair value of the Company's multi-family preferred equity ownership interests are reported in current period earnings.

The following table presents income from multi-family preferred equity ownership interests for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Income from these investments is presented in income from equity investments in the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Income from these investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 includes $0.3 million and $0.4 million of net unrealized gains, respectively. Income from these investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 includes $0.8 million and $0.9 million of net unrealized gains, respectively.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment Name	2022		2021		2022		2021
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC	$	596	$	675	$	1,183	$	1,141
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)	163		174		322		298
DCP Gold Creek, LLC	(599)		197		254		400
1122 Chicago DE, LLC	241		225		478		446
Bighaus, LLC	472		443		937		879
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC	812		758		1,610		1,504
Lurin-RMI, LLC	1,520		235		1,800		470
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC	158		—		313		—
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC	902		—		1,804		—
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC	559		—		1,108		—
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC	614		—		1,215		—
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC	591		—		1,107		—
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC	—		896		(174)		1,215
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.	—		263		(153)		541
BBA-EP320 II, L.L.C., BBA-Ten10 II, L.L.C., and Lexington on the Green Apartments, L.L.C. (collectively)	—		357		—		704
Audubon Mezzanine Holdings, L.L.C. (Series A)	—		357		—		721
EP 320 Growth Fund, L.L.C. (Series A) and Turnbury Park Apartments - BC, L.L.C. (Series A) (collectively)	—		240		—		419
Towers Property Holdings, LLC	—		361		—		740
Mansions Property Holdings, LLC	—		348		—		713
Sabina Montgomery Holdings, LLC - Series B and Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series A (collectively)	—		131		—		266
Gen1814, LLC - Series A, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series A, and Polos at Hudson Investments, LLC - Series A (collectively)	—		302		—		616
Axis Apartments Holdings, LLC, Arbor-Stratford Holdings II, LLC - Series B, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series B, Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series C, and Woodland Park Apartments II, LLC (collectively)	—		374		—		762
Total Income - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests	$	6,029	$	6,336	$	11,804	$	11,835

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.7 million and $1.5 million in premiums resulting from early redemption of multi-family preferred equity ownership interests included in equity investments, which are included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized no premiums resulting from early redemption of multi-family preferred equity ownership interests included in equity investments.

Income from single-family equity ownership interests and joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties that are accounted for under the equity method using the fair value option is presented in income from equity investments in the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table presents income from these investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):    

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment Name	2022		2021		2022		2021
Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	$	22	$	998	$	50	$	2,186
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	1,750		—		1,750		—
Headlands Asset Management Fund III (Cayman), LP (Headlands Flagship Opportunity Fund Series I) (3)	—		3,273		—		(15)
Total Income - Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests	$	1,772	$	4,271	$	1,800	$	2,171
Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties (4)
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC	$	111	$	—	$	211	$	—
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC	188		—		338		—
Total Income - Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties	$	299	$	—	$	549	$	—

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)Includes net unrealized gain of $1.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

(3)The Company's equity investment was redeemed during the year ended December 31, 2021.

(4)Includes net unrealized gain of $0.3 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE)

Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE)

Financing VIEs

The Company uses SPEs to facilitate transactions that involve securitizing financial assets or re-securitizing previously securitized financial assets. The objective of such transactions may include obtaining non-recourse financing, obtaining liquidity or refinancing the underlying securitized financial assets on improved terms. Securitization involves transferring assets to an SPE to convert all or a portion of those assets into cash before they would have been realized in the normal course of business through the SPE’s issuance of debt or equity instruments. Investors in an SPE usually have recourse only to the assets in the SPE and depending on the overall structure of the transaction, may benefit from various forms of credit enhancement, such as over-collateralization in the form of excess assets in the SPE, priority with respect to receipt of cash flows relative to holders of other debt or equity instruments issued by the SPE, or a line of credit or other form of liquidity agreement that is designed with the objective of ensuring that investors receive principal and/or interest cash flow on the investment in accordance with the terms of their investment agreement.    

The Company has entered into financing transactions, including residential loan securitizations and re-securitizations, which required the Company to analyze and determine whether the SPEs that were created to facilitate the transactions are VIEs in accordance with ASC 810 and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary requiring consolidation.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company evaluated its residential loan securitizations and concluded that the entities created to facilitate each of the financing transactions are VIEs and that the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs (each a “Financing VIE” and collectively, the “Financing VIEs”). Accordingly, the Company consolidated the then-outstanding Financing VIEs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company exercised its right to an optional redemption of its non-Agency RMBS re-securitization with an outstanding principal balance of $14.7 million at the time of redemption and returned the assets held by the trust to the Company.

Consolidated SLST

The Company invests in subordinated securities that represent the first loss position of the Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization from which they were issued, and certain IOs and senior securities issued from the securitization. The Company has evaluated its investments in this securitization trust to determine whether it is a VIE and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary requiring consolidation. The Company has determined that the Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization trust, which we refer to as Consolidated SLST, is a VIE as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE within Consolidated SLST. Accordingly, the Company has consolidated the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of such VIE in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements (see Notes 2, 3 and 11). The Company has elected the fair value option on the assets and liabilities held within Consolidated SLST, which requires that changes in valuations in the assets and liabilities of Consolidated SLST be reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Company does not have any claims to the assets or obligations for the liabilities of Consolidated SLST, other than those securities owned by the Company as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 with a fair value of $208.6 million and $230.3 million, respectively (see Note 14). The Company’s investments that are included in Consolidated SLST were not included as collateral to any Financing VIE as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Consolidated Real Estate VIEs

The Company invests in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidates the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of these VIEs in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements with non-controlling interests or redeemable non-controlling interests for the third-party ownership of the joint ventures' membership interests. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, a Consolidated VIE purchased two multi-family apartment communities. The Company accounted for the initial consolidation of the joint venture investments and the real estate acquisitions by a Consolidated VIE in accordance with asset acquisition provisions of ASC 805, as substantially all of the fair value of the assets within the entities are concentrated in either a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets.

The following table summarizes the aggregate estimated fair value of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests associated with the initial consolidation of the joint venture entities and real estate acquisitions by a Consolidated VIE during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cash	$	1,474	$	973	$	8,576	$	2,723
Operating real estate (1)	202,220		42,050		730,988		73,513
Lease intangibles (2)	14,431		3,320		41,892		4,964
Other assets	2,706		3,851		8,836		5,695
Total assets	220,831		50,194		790,292		86,895
Mortgages payable on real estate, net	156,494		36,057		566,250		61,831
Other liabilities	1,482		652		4,662		797
Total liabilities	157,976		36,709		570,912		62,628
Non-controlling interest (3)	5,805		1,335		16,293		1,874
Net assets consolidated	$	57,050	$	12,150	$	203,087	$	22,393

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its variable interest in a VIE that owns a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. The Company determined that it gained the power to direct the activities, and became primary beneficiary, of the VIE and consolidated this VIE into its consolidated financial statements. Subsequently, in July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest which resulted in an equity transaction accounted for by the Company in accordance with ASC 810. In addition, the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its investment in the entity and determined that the entity no longer met the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of its multi-family apartment community and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment (see Note 8).

In analyzing whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the Financing VIEs, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs, the Company considered its involvement in each of the VIEs, including the design and purpose of each VIE, and whether its involvement reflected a controlling financial interest that resulted in the Company being deemed the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. In determining whether the Company would be considered the primary beneficiary, the following factors were assessed:

•whether the Company has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE; and

•whether the Company has a right to receive benefits or absorb losses of the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE.

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	38,233	$	38,233
Residential loans, at fair value	1,215,095		920,778		—		2,135,873
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		1,649,472		1,649,472
Other assets	77,630		3,314		48,087		129,031
Total assets	$	1,292,725	$	924,092	$	1,735,792	$	3,952,609
Collateralized debt obligations ($1,107,091 at amortized cost, net and $710,233 at fair value)	$	1,107,091	$	710,233	$	—	$	1,817,324
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		1,251,059		1,251,059
Other liabilities	43,477		3,859		25,755		73,091
Total liabilities	$	1,150,568	$	714,092	$	1,276,814	$	3,141,474
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	37,101	$	37,101
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	34,080	$	34,080
Net investment (5)	$	142,157	$	210,000	$	387,797	$	739,954

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	29,606	$	29,606
Residential loans, at fair value	801,429		1,070,882		—		1,872,311
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		927,725		927,725
Other assets	36,767		3,547		70,557		110,871
Total assets	$	838,196	$	1,074,429	$	1,027,888	$	2,940,513
Collateralized debt obligations ($682,802 at amortized cost, net and $839,419 at fair value)	$	682,802	$	839,419	$	—	$	1,522,221
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		672,568		672,568
Other liabilities	20,156		3,193		17,527		40,876
Total liabilities	$	702,958	$	842,612	$	690,095	$	2,235,665
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	66,392	$	66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	24,359	$	24,359
Net investment (5)	$	135,238	$	231,817	$	247,042	$	614,097

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

The following table presents condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Interest income	$	9,254	$	—	$	9,254	$	10,479	$	—	$	10,479
Interest expense	6,208		13,148		19,356		7,151		430		7,581
Total net interest income (expense)	3,046		(13,148)		(10,102)		3,328		(430)		2,898
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(4,275)		—		(4,275)		9,793		—		9,793
Income from real estate	—		34,409		34,409		—		2,150		2,150
Total non-interest (loss) income	(4,275)		34,409		30,134		9,793		2,150		11,943
Expenses related to real estate (1)	—		68,337		68,337		—		3,913		3,913
Net (loss) income	(1,229)		(47,076)		(48,305)		13,121		(2,193)		10,928
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	—		18,922		18,922		—		1,625		1,625
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(1,229)	$	(28,154)	$	(29,383)	$	13,121	$	(568)	$	12,553

(1)See Note 8 for depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate.

The following table presents condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Interest income	$	18,635	$	—	$	18,635	$	20,797	$	—	$	20,797
Interest expense	12,186		19,983		32,169		14,254		740		14,994
Total net interest income (expense)	6,449		(19,983)		(13,534)		6,543		(740)		5,803
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(19,555)		—		(19,555)		19,018		—		19,018
Income from real estate	—		58,047		58,047		—		3,645		3,645
Total non-interest (loss) income	(19,555)		58,047		38,492		19,018		3,645		22,663
Expenses related to real estate (1)	—		114,783		114,783		—		6,837		6,837
Net (loss) income	(13,106)		(76,719)		(89,825)		25,561		(3,932)		21,629
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	—		33,792		33,792		—		3,034		3,034
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(13,106)	$	(42,927)	$	(56,033)	$	25,561	$	(898)	$	24,663

(1)See Note 8 for depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs

The third-party owners of certain of the non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs have the ability to sell their ownership interests to the Company, at their election. The Company has classified these third-party ownership interests as redeemable non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs in mezzanine equity on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The holders of the redeemable non-controlling interests may elect to sell their ownership interests to the Company at fair value once a year and the sales are subject to minimum and maximum amount limitations.

The following table presents activity in redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022		Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning balance	$	53,361	$	66,392
Contributions	41		315
Distributions	(1,133)		(1,810)
Net loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(15,168)		(27,796)
Ending balance	$	37,101	$	37,101

Unconsolidated VIEs

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company evaluated its investment securities available for sale, preferred equity and other equity investments to determine whether they are VIEs and should be consolidated by the Company. Based on a number of factors, the Company determined that, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, it does not have a controlling financial interest and is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. The following tables present the classification and carrying value of unconsolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Multi-family loans		Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		Equity investments		Total
ABS	$	—	$	35,588	$	—	$	35,588
Non-Agency RMBS	—		31,978		—		31,978
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties	106,825		—		178,783		285,608
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	—		—		10,990		10,990
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties	—		—		2,878		2,878
Maximum exposure	$	106,825	$	67,566	$	192,651	$	367,042

	December 31, 2021
	Multi-family loans		Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		Equity investments		Total
ABS	$	—	$	39,679	$	—	$	39,679
Non-Agency RMBS	—		30,924		—		30,924
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties	120,021		—		180,798		300,819
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	—		—		10,440		10,440
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties	—		—		19,143		19,143
Maximum exposure	$	120,021	$	70,603	$	210,381	$	401,005

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Real Estate, Net

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Real Estate [Abstract]

Real Estate, Net

Real Estate, Net

The following is a summary of real estate, net, collectively, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Land	$	218,223	$	111,182
Building and improvements	1,524,023		835,635
Furniture, fixture and equipment	46,491		23,546
Operating real estate	$	1,788,737	$	970,363
Accumulated depreciation	(27,332)		(3,890)
Operating real estate, net	$	1,761,405	$	966,473
Real estate held for sale, net (1)	$	30,915	$	51,110
Real estate, net	$	1,792,320	$	1,017,583

(1)Real estate held for sale, net is recorded at the lower of the net carrying amount of the assets or the estimated fair value, net of selling costs.

Multi-family Apartment Properties

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company invested in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the joint venture entities into its condensed consolidated financial statements (see Note 7). In June 2022, the Company determined that the multi-family apartment community owned by one of the joint venture investments met the criteria to be classified as held for sale, transferred the property held by the joint venture from operating real estate to real estate held for sale and recognized no loss.

As of June 30, 2021, the Company was the primary beneficiary of a VIE that owned a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the VIE into its condensed consolidated financial statements. In July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest, which caused the entity to no longer meet the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (see Note 7). In November 2021, the Company determined that the multi-family apartment community owned by the wholly-owned subsidiary met the criteria to be classified as held for sale, transferred the property held by the wholly-owned subsidiary from operating real estate to real estate held for sale and recognized a $0.2 million loss. In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of its multi-family apartment community for approximately $52.0 million, subject to certain prorations and adjustments typical in such real estate transactions, repaid the related mortgage payable in the amount of approximately $37.0 million and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment. The sale generated a net gain of approximately $0.4 million and a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.6 million, both of which are included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The multi-family apartment communities lease their apartment units to individual tenants at market rates for the production of rental income. These apartment units are generally leased at a fixed monthly rate with no option for the lessee to purchase the leased unit at any point.

Single-family Rental Properties

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company owned single-family rental homes. These units are leased to individual tenants for the production of rental income and are generally leased at a fixed monthly rate with no option for the lessee to purchase the leased unit at any point.

Lease Intangibles

Intangibles related to multi-family properties consist of the value of in-place leases and are included in other assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents the components of lease intangibles, net as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Lease intangibles	$	92,216	$	51,969
Accumulated amortization	(73,292)		(12,200)
Lease intangibles, net	$	18,924	$	39,769

Real Estate Income and Expenses

Rental income and other income derived from real estate are included in income from real estate in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate and other expenses incurred on real estate are included in expenses related to real estate on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table presents the components of income from real estate and expenses related to real estate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Rental income	$	32,137	$	2,078	$	55,425	$	3,567
Other income	3,733		72		6,033		78
Total income from real estate	$	35,870	$	2,150	$	61,458	$	3,645
Interest expense, mortgages payable on real estate (1)	$	13,151	$	430	$	20,308	$	740
Depreciation expense on operating real estate	$	15,132	$	838	$	25,244	$	1,519
Amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	37,262		1,516		62,737		2,758
Other expenses	18,365		1,559		30,767		2,560
Total expenses related to real estate	$	70,759	$	3,913	$	118,748	$	6,837

(1)Included in interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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Other Assets and Other Liabilities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Offsetting [Abstract]

Other Assets and Other Liabilities

Other Assets and Other Liabilities

Other Assets

The following table presents the components of the Company's other assets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Restricted cash (1)	$	144,614	$	48,259
Accrued interest receivable	38,136		26,688
Other assets in consolidated multi-family properties	25,160		21,668
Collections receivable from residential loan servicers	20,624		28,634
Lease intangibles, net in consolidated multi-family properties	18,924		39,769
Recoverable advances on residential loans	13,444		14,143
Other receivables	12,943		14,507
Operating lease right-of-use assets	8,429		9,011
Deferred tax assets	5,324		6,282
Real estate owned	2,552		2,055
Other	9,788		4,003
Total	$	299,938	$	215,019

(1)Restricted cash represents cash held by third parties, including cash held by the Company's securitization trusts and consolidated multi-family properties.

Other Liabilities

The following table presents the components of the Company's other liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Advanced remittances from residential loan servicers	$	94,377	$	16,603
Dividends and dividend equivalents payable	49,026		48,328
Accrued expenses and other liabilities in consolidated multi-family properties	25,755		22,583
Accrued expenses	13,887		13,408
Deferred revenue	11,507		13,019
Unfunded commitments for residential loans	9,663		21,364
Operating lease liabilities	8,994		9,584
Accrued interest payable	8,604		9,051
Deferred tax liabilities	5,558		6,681
Other	3,695		460
Total	$	231,066	$	161,081

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Repurchase Agreements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Carrying Value of Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell, and Deposits Paid for Securities Borrowed [Abstract]

Repurchase Agreements

Repurchase Agreements

The following table presents the carrying value of the Company's repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Repurchase Agreements Secured By:	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Residential loans	$	1,564,545	$	554,259
Investment securities	129,331		—
Total carrying value	$	1,693,876	$	554,259

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's only repurchase agreement exposure where the amount at risk was in excess of 5% of the Company's stockholders’ equity was to Credit Suisse at 6.23%. The amount at risk is defined as the fair value of assets pledged as collateral to the financing arrangement in excess of the financing arrangement liability.

The financings under certain of our repurchase agreements are subject to margin calls to the extent the market value of the collateral subject to repurchase agreement falls below specified levels and repurchase may be accelerated upon an event of default under the repurchase agreements. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had assets available to be posted as margin which included liquid assets, such as unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, and unencumbered securities that could be monetized to pay down or collateralize the liability immediately. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $368.9 million included in cash and cash equivalents and $88.3 million in unencumbered investment securities available to meet additional haircuts or market valuation requirements. The following table presents information about the Company's unencumbered securities at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Unencumbered Securities	June 30, 2022
Non-Agency RMBS (1)	$	52,672
CMBS	—
ABS	35,588
Total	$	88,260

(1)Includes IOs in Consolidated SLST with a fair value of $19.7 million as of June 30, 2022.

Residential Loans

The Company has repurchase agreements with four financial institutions to fund the purchase of residential loans. The following table presents detailed information about the Company’s financings under these repurchase agreements and associated residential loans pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Aggregate Uncommitted Principal Amount		Outstanding Repurchase Agreements (1)		Net Deferred Finance Costs (2)		Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Loans Pledged		Weighted Average Rate		Weighted Average Months to Maturity (3)
June 30, 2022	$	2,140,048	$	1,566,926	$	(2,381)	$	1,564,545	$	1,887,742	3.81	%	14.51
December 31, 2021	$	1,252,352	$	554,784	$	(525)	$	554,259	$	729,649	2.79	%	4.38

(1)Includes non-mark-to-market repurchase agreements with an aggregate outstanding balance of $755.6 million, a weighted average rate of 4.01%, and weighted average months to maturity of 20.23 months as of June 30, 2022. Includes a non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement with an outstanding balance of $15.6 million, a rate of 4.00%, and months to maturity of 2.03 months as of December 31, 2021.

(2)Costs related to the repurchase agreements, which include commitment, underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, are reflected as deferred charges. Such costs are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, or straight line-method, if the result is not materially different.

(3)The Company expects to roll outstanding amounts under these repurchase agreements into new repurchase agreements or other financings, or to repay outstanding amounts, prior to or at maturity.

During the terms of the repurchase agreements, proceeds from the residential loans will be applied to pay any price differential and to reduce the aggregate repurchase price of the collateral. The financings under the repurchase agreements with two of the counterparties with an aggregate outstanding balance of $811.4 million as of June 30, 2022 are subject to margin calls to the extent the market value of the residential loans falls below specified levels and repurchase may be accelerated upon an event of default under the repurchase agreements.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's repurchase agreements contain various covenants, including among other things, the maintenance of certain amounts of liquidity and total stockholders' equity. The Company is in compliance with such covenants as of June 30, 2022 and through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Investment Securities

The Company has entered into repurchase agreements with financial institutions to finance its investment securities portfolio (including investment securities available for sale and securities owned in Consolidated SLST). These repurchase agreements provide short-term financing that bear interest rates typically based on a spread to SOFR and are secured by the investment securities which they finance and additional collateral pledged, if any. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements with two counterparties. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had no amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements to finance investment securities.

The following table presents detailed information about the amounts outstanding under the Company’s repurchase agreements secured by investment securities and associated assets pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Collateral Pledged		Amortized Cost of Collateral Pledged
Non-Agency RMBS (1) (2)	$	113,650	$	233,407	$	263,768
CMBS	15,681		30,096		32,600
Balance at end of the period	$	129,331	$	263,503	$	296,368

(1)Includes first loss subordinated securities in Consolidated SLST with a fair value of $188.9 million as of June 30, 2022.

(2)Collateral pledged includes restricted cash posted as margin in the amount of $2.7 million.

As of June 30, 2022, the average days to maturity for repurchase agreements secured by investment securities was 11 days and the weighted average interest rate was 2.84%. The Company’s accrued interest payable on outstanding repurchase agreements secured by investment securities at June 30, 2022 amounted to $0.2 million and is included in other liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents contractual maturity information about the Company’s outstanding repurchase agreements secured by investment securities at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Contractual Maturity	June 30, 2022
Within 30 days	$	129,331
Over 30 day to 90 days	—
Over 90 days	—
Total	$	129,331

As of June 30, 2022, the outstanding balance under our repurchase agreements secured by investment securities was funded at a weighted average advance rate of 51.7% that implies an average "haircut" of 48.3%. As of June 30, 2022, the weighted average “haircut” related to our repurchase agreement financing for our non-Agency RMBS and CMBS was approximately 48.7% and 45.0%, respectively.

XML

Collateralized Debt Obligations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Collateralized Debt Obligations

Collateralized Debt Obligations

The Company's collateralized debt obligations, or CDOs, are accounted for as financings and are non-recourse debt to the Company. See Note 7 for further discussion regarding the collateral pledged for the Company's CDOs as well as the Company's net investments in the related securitizations.

The following tables present a summary of the Company's CDOs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	742,601	$	710,233	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	1,112,421		1,107,091		2.77	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,855,022	$	1,817,324

	December 31, 2021
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	814,256	$	839,419	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	686,122		682,802		2.43	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,500,378	$	1,522,221

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding face amount and stated interest rate of notes issued by the securitization and not owned by the Company.

(2)The actual maturity of the Company's CDOs are primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. The CDOs are also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents. As a result, the actual maturity of the CDOs may occur earlier than the stated maturity.

(3)The Company has elected the fair value option for CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST (see Note 14).

The Company's collateralized debt obligations as of June 30, 2022 had stated maturities as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Total
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	180,000
2027	225,000
Thereafter	1,450,022
Total	$	1,855,022

Debt

Convertible Notes    

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.25% Senior Convertible Notes due 2022 (the "Convertible Notes") outstanding. Costs related to the issuance of the Convertible Notes which included underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, were reflected as deferred charges. The underwriter's discount and deferred charges, net of amortization, were presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $0.1 million as of December 31, 2021. The underwriter's discount and deferred charges were amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 8.24%.      

The Convertible Notes were issued at 96% of the principal amount, bore interest at a rate equal to 6.25% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, and matured on January 15, 2022. The Company did not have the right to redeem the Convertible Notes prior to maturity and no sinking fund was provided for the Convertible Notes. Holders of the Convertible Notes were permitted to convert their Convertible Notes into shares of the Company's common stock at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 15, 2022. The conversion rate for the Convertible Notes, which was subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, initially equaled 142.7144 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, which was equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $7.01 per share of the Company’s common stock, based on a $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes were senior unsecured obligations of the Company that ranked pari passu in right of payment with the Company's senior unsecured indebtedness and ranked senior in right of payment to the Company's subordinated debentures and any of its other indebtedness that was expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes.

The Company redeemed the Convertible Notes at maturity for $138.0 million on January 15, 2022. None of the Convertible Notes were converted prior to maturity. 

The following table presents interest expense from the Convertible Notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Contractual interest expense	$	—	$	2,156	$	335	$	4,312
Amortization of underwriter's discount and deferred charges	—		632		103		1,260
Total	$	—	$	2,788	$	438	$	5,572

Senior Unsecured Notes    

On April 27, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale to various qualified institutional investors of $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its unregistered 5.75% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "Unregistered Notes") in a private placement offering at 100% of the principal amount. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Unregistered Notes, after deducting offering expenses, were approximately $96.3 million. Subsequent to the issuance of the Unregistered Notes, the Company conducted an exchange offer wherein the Company exchanged its registered 5.75% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "Registered Notes" and, together with the aggregate principal amount of Unregistered Notes that remain outstanding, the "Senior Unsecured Notes") for an equal principal amount of Unregistered Notes.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its Senior Unsecured Notes outstanding. Costs related to the issuance of the Senior Unsecured Notes which include underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, are reflected as deferred charges. The deferred charges, net of amortization, are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $3.0 million and $3.3 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The deferred charges are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 6.64%.     

The Senior Unsecured Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.75% per year, subject to adjustment from time to time based on changes in the ratings of the Senior Unsecured Notes by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (a “NRSRO”). The annual interest rate on the Senior Unsecured Notes will increase by (i) 0.50% per year beginning on the first day of any six-month interest period if as of such day the Senior Unsecured Notes have a rating of BB+ or below and above B+ from any NRSRO and (ii) 0.75% per year beginning on the first day of any six-month interest period if as of such day the Senior Unsecured Notes have a rating of B+ or below or no rating from any NRSRO. Interest on the Senior Unsecured Notes is paid semi-annually in arrears on April 30 and October 30 of each year and the Senior Unsecured Notes will mature on April 30, 2026.

The Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to April 30, 2023 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus the applicable "make-whole" premium, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. The "make-whole" premium is equal to the present value of all interest that would have accrued between the redemption date and up to, but excluding, April 30, 2023, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by 2.875%. On and after April 30, 2023, the Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by a date-dependent multiple as detailed in the following table:

Redemption Period	Multiple
April 30, 2023 - April 29, 2024	2.875	%
April 30, 2024 - April 29, 2025	1.4375	%
April 30, 2025 - April 29, 2026	—

No sinking fund is provided for the Senior Unsecured Notes. The Senior Unsecured Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company that are structurally subordinated in right of payment to the Company's subordinated debentures.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's Senior Unsecured Notes contain various covenants including the maintenance of a minimum net asset value, ratio of unencumbered assets to unsecured indebtedness and senior debt service coverage ratio and limit the amount of leverage the Company may utilize and its ability to transfer the Company’s assets substantially as an entirety or merge into or consolidate with another person. The Company is in compliance with such covenants as of June 30, 2022 and through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Subordinated Debentures

Subordinated debentures are trust preferred securities that are fully guaranteed by the Company with respect to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation, redemption or repayment. The following table summarizes the key details of the Company’s subordinated debentures as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	NYM Preferred Trust I		NYM Preferred Trust II
Principal value of trust preferred securities	$	25,000	$	20,000
Interest rate	Three month LIBOR plus 3.75%, resetting quarterly		Three month LIBOR plus 3.95%, resetting quarterly
Scheduled maturity	March 30, 2035		October 30, 2035

As of August 4, 2022, the Company has not been notified, and is not aware, of any event of default under the indenture for the subordinated debentures.

Mortgages Payable on Real Estate

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company invested in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the joint venture entities into its condensed consolidated financial statements (see Note 7).

As of June 30, 2021, the Company was the primary beneficiary of a VIE that owned a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the VIE into its condensed consolidated financial statements. Subsequently, in July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest and the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its investment in the entity. The Company determined that the entity no longer met the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (see Note 7). In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of this multi-family apartment community and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment. In conjunction with the sale, the entity repaid the related mortgage payable in the amount of approximately $37.0 million and recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.6 million, which is included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The consolidated multi-family apartment communities are subject to mortgages payable collateralized by the associated real estate assets. The Company has no obligation for repayment of the mortgages payable but, with respect to certain of the mortgages payable, we may execute a non-recourse guaranty related to commitment of bad acts. The following table presents detailed information for these mortgages payable on real estate as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount		Outstanding Mortgage Balance		Net Deferred Finance Cost		Mortgage Payable, Net		Stated Maturity	Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)
June 30, 2022	$	1,354,367	$	1,272,515	$	(21,456)	$	1,251,059	2024 - 2032	4.00	%
December 31, 2021	745,915		718,717		(9,361)		709,356		2024 - 2031	3.56	%

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding mortgage balance and interest rate as of the date indicated.

Debt Maturities

As of June 30, 2022, maturities for debt on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,	Outstanding Balance
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	—
Thereafter	453,689
	$	1,417,515

XML

Debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Collateralized Debt Obligations

The Company's collateralized debt obligations, or CDOs, are accounted for as financings and are non-recourse debt to the Company. See Note 7 for further discussion regarding the collateral pledged for the Company's CDOs as well as the Company's net investments in the related securitizations.

The following tables present a summary of the Company's CDOs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	742,601	$	710,233	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	1,112,421		1,107,091		2.77	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,855,022	$	1,817,324

	December 31, 2021
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	814,256	$	839,419	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	686,122		682,802		2.43	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,500,378	$	1,522,221

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding face amount and stated interest rate of notes issued by the securitization and not owned by the Company.

(2)The actual maturity of the Company's CDOs are primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. The CDOs are also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents. As a result, the actual maturity of the CDOs may occur earlier than the stated maturity.

(3)The Company has elected the fair value option for CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST (see Note 14).

The Company's collateralized debt obligations as of June 30, 2022 had stated maturities as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Total
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	180,000
2027	225,000
Thereafter	1,450,022
Total	$	1,855,022

Debt

Convertible Notes    

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $138.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.25% Senior Convertible Notes due 2022 (the "Convertible Notes") outstanding. Costs related to the issuance of the Convertible Notes which included underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, were reflected as deferred charges. The underwriter's discount and deferred charges, net of amortization, were presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $0.1 million as of December 31, 2021. The underwriter's discount and deferred charges were amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 8.24%.      

The Convertible Notes were issued at 96% of the principal amount, bore interest at a rate equal to 6.25% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, and matured on January 15, 2022. The Company did not have the right to redeem the Convertible Notes prior to maturity and no sinking fund was provided for the Convertible Notes. Holders of the Convertible Notes were permitted to convert their Convertible Notes into shares of the Company's common stock at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 15, 2022. The conversion rate for the Convertible Notes, which was subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, initially equaled 142.7144 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, which was equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $7.01 per share of the Company’s common stock, based on a $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes were senior unsecured obligations of the Company that ranked pari passu in right of payment with the Company's senior unsecured indebtedness and ranked senior in right of payment to the Company's subordinated debentures and any of its other indebtedness that was expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes.

The Company redeemed the Convertible Notes at maturity for $138.0 million on January 15, 2022. None of the Convertible Notes were converted prior to maturity. 

The following table presents interest expense from the Convertible Notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Contractual interest expense	$	—	$	2,156	$	335	$	4,312
Amortization of underwriter's discount and deferred charges	—		632		103		1,260
Total	$	—	$	2,788	$	438	$	5,572

Senior Unsecured Notes    

On April 27, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale to various qualified institutional investors of $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its unregistered 5.75% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "Unregistered Notes") in a private placement offering at 100% of the principal amount. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Unregistered Notes, after deducting offering expenses, were approximately $96.3 million. Subsequent to the issuance of the Unregistered Notes, the Company conducted an exchange offer wherein the Company exchanged its registered 5.75% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "Registered Notes" and, together with the aggregate principal amount of Unregistered Notes that remain outstanding, the "Senior Unsecured Notes") for an equal principal amount of Unregistered Notes.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its Senior Unsecured Notes outstanding. Costs related to the issuance of the Senior Unsecured Notes which include underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, are reflected as deferred charges. The deferred charges, net of amortization, are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $3.0 million and $3.3 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The deferred charges are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, resulting in a total cost to the Company of approximately 6.64%.     

The Senior Unsecured Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.75% per year, subject to adjustment from time to time based on changes in the ratings of the Senior Unsecured Notes by one or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (a “NRSRO”). The annual interest rate on the Senior Unsecured Notes will increase by (i) 0.50% per year beginning on the first day of any six-month interest period if as of such day the Senior Unsecured Notes have a rating of BB+ or below and above B+ from any NRSRO and (ii) 0.75% per year beginning on the first day of any six-month interest period if as of such day the Senior Unsecured Notes have a rating of B+ or below or no rating from any NRSRO. Interest on the Senior Unsecured Notes is paid semi-annually in arrears on April 30 and October 30 of each year and the Senior Unsecured Notes will mature on April 30, 2026.

The Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at any time prior to April 30, 2023 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus the applicable "make-whole" premium, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. The "make-whole" premium is equal to the present value of all interest that would have accrued between the redemption date and up to, but excluding, April 30, 2023, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by 2.875%. On and after April 30, 2023, the Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by a date-dependent multiple as detailed in the following table:

Redemption Period	Multiple
April 30, 2023 - April 29, 2024	2.875	%
April 30, 2024 - April 29, 2025	1.4375	%
April 30, 2025 - April 29, 2026	—

No sinking fund is provided for the Senior Unsecured Notes. The Senior Unsecured Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company that are structurally subordinated in right of payment to the Company's subordinated debentures.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company's Senior Unsecured Notes contain various covenants including the maintenance of a minimum net asset value, ratio of unencumbered assets to unsecured indebtedness and senior debt service coverage ratio and limit the amount of leverage the Company may utilize and its ability to transfer the Company’s assets substantially as an entirety or merge into or consolidate with another person. The Company is in compliance with such covenants as of June 30, 2022 and through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Subordinated Debentures

Subordinated debentures are trust preferred securities that are fully guaranteed by the Company with respect to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation, redemption or repayment. The following table summarizes the key details of the Company’s subordinated debentures as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	NYM Preferred Trust I		NYM Preferred Trust II
Principal value of trust preferred securities	$	25,000	$	20,000
Interest rate	Three month LIBOR plus 3.75%, resetting quarterly		Three month LIBOR plus 3.95%, resetting quarterly
Scheduled maturity	March 30, 2035		October 30, 2035

As of August 4, 2022, the Company has not been notified, and is not aware, of any event of default under the indenture for the subordinated debentures.

Mortgages Payable on Real Estate

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company invested in joint venture investments that own multi-family apartment communities, which the Company determined to be VIEs and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the joint venture entities into its condensed consolidated financial statements (see Note 7).

As of June 30, 2021, the Company was the primary beneficiary of a VIE that owned a multi-family apartment community and in which the Company held a preferred equity investment. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the VIE into its condensed consolidated financial statements. Subsequently, in July 2021, the VIE redeemed its non-controlling interest and the Company reconsidered its evaluation of its investment in the entity. The Company determined that the entity no longer met the criteria for being characterized as a VIE and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (see Note 7). In March 2022, the entity completed the sale of this multi-family apartment community and redeemed the Company's preferred equity investment. In conjunction with the sale, the entity repaid the related mortgage payable in the amount of approximately $37.0 million and recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.6 million, which is included in other income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The consolidated multi-family apartment communities are subject to mortgages payable collateralized by the associated real estate assets. The Company has no obligation for repayment of the mortgages payable but, with respect to certain of the mortgages payable, we may execute a non-recourse guaranty related to commitment of bad acts. The following table presents detailed information for these mortgages payable on real estate as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount		Outstanding Mortgage Balance		Net Deferred Finance Cost		Mortgage Payable, Net		Stated Maturity	Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)
June 30, 2022	$	1,354,367	$	1,272,515	$	(21,456)	$	1,251,059	2024 - 2032	4.00	%
December 31, 2021	745,915		718,717		(9,361)		709,356		2024 - 2031	3.56	%

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding mortgage balance and interest rate as of the date indicated.

Debt Maturities

As of June 30, 2022, maturities for debt on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,	Outstanding Balance
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	—
Thereafter	453,689
	$	1,417,515

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Impact of COVID-19

As further discussed in Note 2, the full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy generally, and the Company's business in particular, is uncertain. As of June 30, 2022, no contingencies have been recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic; however, as the global pandemic and its economic implications continue, it may have long-term impacts on the Company's operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows.

Outstanding Litigation

The Company is at times subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. As of June 30, 2022, the Company does not believe that any of its current legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Investment Commitment

The Company has entered into an agreement to fund joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties totaling $40.0 million with certain members of its existing joint ventures.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company has established and documented processes for determining fair values. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If listed prices or quotes are not available, then fair value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use inputs that are market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, including interest rate yield curves.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

Level 1 - inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 - inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following describes the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

a.Residential Loans Held in Consolidated SLST – Residential loans held in Consolidated SLST are carried at fair value and classified as Level 3 fair values. In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by the securitization and its investment in the securitization (eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP), as the fair value of these instruments is more observable.

The investment securities (eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP) that we own in the securitization are generally illiquid and trade infrequently. As such, they are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair valuation of these investment securities is determined based on an internal valuation model that considers expected cash flows from the underlying loans and yields required by market participants. The significant unobservable inputs used in the measurement of these investments are projected losses within the pool of loans and a discount rate. The discount rate used in determining fair value incorporates default rate, loss severity, prepayment rate and current market interest rates. Significant increases or decreases in these inputs would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

b.Residential Loans and Residential Loans Held in Securitization Trusts – The Company’s acquired residential loans are recorded at fair value and classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value for residential loans is determined using valuations obtained from a third party that specializes in providing valuations of residential loans. The valuation approach depends on whether the residential loan is considered performing, re-performing or non-performing at the date the valuation is performed.

For performing and re-performing loans, estimates of fair value are derived using a discounted cash flow model, where estimates of cash flows are determined from scheduled payments for each loan, adjusted using forecast prepayment rates, default rates and rates for loss upon default. For non-performing loans, asset liquidation cash flows are derived based on the estimated time to liquidate the loan, expected liquidation costs and home price appreciation. Estimated cash flows for both performing and non-performing loans are discounted at yields considered appropriate to arrive at a reasonable exit price for the asset. Indications of loan value such as actual trades, bids, offers and generic market color may be used in determining the appropriate discount yield.

c.Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments – Fair value for preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments is determined by both market comparable pricing and discounted cash flows. The discounted cash flows are based on the underlying estimated cash flows and estimated changes in market yields. The fair value also reflects consideration of changes in credit risk since the origination or time of initial investment. This fair value measurement is generally based on unobservable inputs and, as such, is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

d.Investment Securities Available for Sale – The Company determines the fair value of all of its investment securities available for sale based on discounted cash flows utilizing an internal pricing model. The methodology considers the characteristics of the particular security and its underlying collateral, which are observable inputs. These inputs include, but are not limited to, delinquency status, coupon, loan-to-value ("LTV"), historical performance, periodic and life caps, collateral type, rate reset period, seasoning, prepayment speeds and credit enhancement levels. The Company also considers several observable market data points, including prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments, trading activity, and dialogue with market participants. Third-party pricing services typically incorporate commonly used market pricing methods, trading activity observed in the marketplace and other data inputs similar to those used in the Company's internal pricing model. The Company has established thresholds to compare internally generated prices with independent third-party prices and any differences that exceed the thresholds are reviewed both internally and with the third-party pricing service. The Company reconciles and resolves all pricing differences in excess of the thresholds before a final price is established. The Company’s investment securities available for sale are valued based upon readily observable market parameters and are classified as Level 2 fair values.

e.Equity Investments – Fair value for equity investments is determined (i) by the valuation process for preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments as described in c. above, (ii) using weighted multiples of origination volume and earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization of the entity or (iii) using the net asset value ("NAV") of the equity investment entity as a practical expedient. These fair value measurements are generally based on unobservable inputs and, as such, are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

f.Collateralized Debt Obligations – CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST are classified as Level 3 fair values for which fair value is determined by considering several market data points, including prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments. The third-party pricing service or dealers incorporate common market pricing methods, including a spread measurement to the Treasury curve or interest rate swap curve as well as underlying characteristics of the particular security. They will also consider contractual cash payments and yields expected by market participants.

Refer to a. above for a description of the fair valuation of CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST that are eliminated in consolidation.

Management reviews all prices used in determining fair value to ensure they represent current market conditions. This review includes surveying similar market transactions and comparisons to interest pricing models as well as offerings of like securities by dealers. Any changes to the valuation methodology are reviewed by management to ensure the changes are appropriate. As markets and products develop and the pricing for certain products becomes more transparent, the Company continues to refine its valuation methodologies. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. The Company uses inputs that are current as of each reporting date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which time price transparency may be reduced. This condition could cause the Company’s financial instruments to be reclassified from Level 2 to Level 3 in future periods.

The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis at
	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans:
Residential loans	$	—	$	—	$	2,193,319	$	2,193,319	$	—	$	—	$	1,703,290	$	1,703,290
Consolidated SLST	—		—		920,778		920,778		—		—		1,070,882		1,070,882
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	—		—		1,215,095		1,215,095		—		—		801,429		801,429
Multi-family loans	—		—		106,825		106,825		—		—		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale:
Non-Agency RMBS	—		74,822		—		74,822		—		128,019		—		128,019
CMBS	—		30,096		—		30,096		—		33,146		—		33,146
ABS	—		35,588		—		35,588		—		39,679		—		39,679
Equity investments	—		—		223,651		223,651		—		—		239,631		239,631
Total	$	—	$	140,506	$	4,659,668	$	4,800,174	$	—	$	200,844	$	3,935,253	$	4,136,097
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	$	—	$	—	$	710,233	$	710,233	$	—	$	—	$	839,419	$	839,419
Total	$	—	$	—	$	710,233	$	710,233	$	—	$	—	$	839,419	$	839,419

The following tables detail changes in valuation for the Level 3 assets for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Level 3 Assets:

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Residential loans
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Multi-family loans		Equity investments		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,703,290	$	1,070,882	$	801,429	$	120,021	$	239,631	$	3,935,253
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(52,976)		(79,292)		(65,935)		6,298		15,633		(176,272)
Transfers out (1)	(875)		—		(980)		—		—		(1,855)
Transfer to securitization trust, net (2)	(676,560)		—		676,560		—		—		—
Funding/Contributions	—		—		—		—		19,191		19,191
Paydowns/Distributions	(293,564)		(70,812)		(237,712)		(19,494)		(50,804)		(672,386)
Sales	—		—		—		—		—		—
Purchases	1,514,004		—		41,733		—		—		1,555,737
Balance at the end of period	$	2,193,319	$	920,778	$	1,215,095	$	106,825	$	223,651	$	4,659,668

(1)Transfers out of Level 3 assets represents the transfer of residential loans to real estate owned.

(2)During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company completed two securitizations of certain performing, re-performing and business purpose loans (see Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's residential loan securitizations).

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Residential loans
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Multi-family loans		Equity investments		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,090,930	$	1,266,785	$	691,451	$	163,593	$	259,095	$	3,471,854
Total gains/(losses) (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	14,494		(21,788)		21,105		10,853		14,006		38,670
Transfers out (1)	(1,259)		—		(1,415)		—		—		(2,674)
Transfer to securitization trust, net (2)	(160,623)		—		160,623		—		—		—
Funding/Contributions	—		—		—		—		320		320
Paydowns/Distributions	(306,209)		(68,458)		(70,025)		(47,727)		(68,724)		(561,143)
Sales	(15,568)		—		(2,376)		—		—		(17,944)
Purchases	605,076		—		—		—		—		605,076
Balance at the end of period	$	1,226,841	$	1,176,539	$	799,363	$	126,719	$	204,697	$	3,534,159

(1)Transfers out of Level 3 assets represents the transfer of residential loans to real estate owned.

(2)During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company completed a securitization of certain business purpose loans (see Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's residential loan securitizations).

The following table details changes in valuation for the Level 3 liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Level 3 Liabilities:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
	Consolidated SLST CDOs
Balance at beginning of period	$	839,419	$	1,054,335
Total gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(57,532)		(37,931)
Paydowns	(71,654)		(68,314)
Balance at the end of period	$	710,233	$	948,090

The following table discloses quantitative information regarding the significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of our Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value (dollar amounts in thousands, except input values):

June 30, 2022	Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Weighted Average	Range
Assets
Residential loans:
Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts (1)	$3,318,357	Discounted cash flow	Lifetime CPR	4.8%	—	-	46.2%
			Lifetime CDR	0.4%	—	-	21.5%
			Loss severity	6.7%	—	-	96.5%
			Yield	6.0%	4.6%	-	64.9%
	$90,057	Liquidation model	Annual home price appreciation	1.0%	—	-	27.8%
			Liquidation timeline (months)	26	9	-	50
			Property value	$801,412	$17,000	-	$4,300,000
			Yield	7.8%	7.5%	-	29.6%
Consolidated SLST (3)	$920,778		Liability price	N/A
Total	$4,329,192
Multi-family loans (1)	$106,825	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	11.3%	10.0%	-	19.5%
			Months to assumed redemption	36	3	-	57
			Loss severity	—
Equity investments (1) (2)	$189,773	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	12.5%	11.0%	-	15.4%
			Months to assumed redemption	24	1	-	51
			Loss severity	—
Liabilities
Consolidated SLST CDOs (3) (4)	$710,233	Discounted cash flow	Yield	4.6%	3.7%	-	10.0%
			Collateral prepayment rate	8.0%	3.0%	-	9.7%
			Collateral default rate	1.7%	—	-	9.4%
			Loss severity	16.6%	—	-	19.5%

(1)Weighted average amounts are calculated based on the weighted average fair value of the assets.

(2)Equity investments does not include equity ownership interests in entities that invest in or originate residential properties and loans. The fair value of these investments is determined using weighted multiples of origination volume and earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization of the entity or the net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient.

(3)In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST, including investment securities we own, as the fair value of these instruments is more observable. At June 30, 2022, the fair value of investment securities we own in Consolidated SLST amounts to $208.6 million.

(4)Weighted average yield calculated based on the weighted average fair value of the liabilities. Weighted average collateral prepayment rate, weighted average collateral default rate, and weighted average loss severity are calculated based on the weighted average unpaid balance of the liabilities.

The following table details the changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for our Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Assets
Residential loans:
Residential loans (1)	$	(29,826)	$	3,752	$	(55,058)	$	12,192
Consolidated SLST (1)	(10,798)		6,471		(77,443)		(18,872)
Residential loans held in securitization trusts (1)	(33,262)		6,030		(64,729)		18,611
Multi-family loans (1)	181		460		358		665
Equity investments (2)	3,139		805		3,593		927
Liabilities
Consolidated SLST CDOs (1)	6,523		3,322		57,889		37,890

(1)Presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(2)Presented in income from equity investments on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

		June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	407,104	$	407,104	$	289,602	$	289,602
Residential loans	Level 3	4,329,192		4,329,192		3,575,601		3,575,601
Multi-family loans	Level 3	106,825		106,825		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale	Level 2	140,506		140,506		200,844		200,844
Equity investments	Level 3	223,651		223,651		239,631		239,631
Financial Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	Level 2	1,693,876		1,693,876		554,259		554,259
Collateralized debt obligations:
Residential loan securitizations at amortized cost, net	Level 3	1,107,091		1,050,939		682,802		686,027
Consolidated SLST	Level 3	710,233		710,233		839,419		839,419
Subordinated debentures	Level 3	45,000		38,674		45,000		44,388
Convertible notes	Level 2	—		—		137,898		138,011
Senior unsecured notes	Level 2	97,039		89,489		96,704		102,215
Mortgages payable on real estate	Level 3	1,251,059		1,227,040		709,356		712,112

In addition to the methodology to determine the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reported at fair value, as previously described, the following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in arriving at the fair value of the Company’s other financial instruments in the table immediately above:

a.Cash and cash equivalents – Estimated fair value approximates the carrying value of such assets.

b.Repurchase agreements – The fair value of these repurchase agreements approximates cost as they are short term in nature.

c.Residential loan securitizations at amortized cost, net – The fair value of these CDOs is based on discounted cash flows as well as market pricing on comparable obligations.

d.Subordinated debentures – The fair value of these subordinated debentures is based on discounted cash flows using management’s estimate for market yields.

e.Convertible notes and senior unsecured notes – The fair value is based on quoted prices provided by dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments.

f.Mortgages payable on real estate – The fair value of consolidated variable-rate mortgages payable approximates the carrying value of such liabilities. The fair value of consolidated fixed-rate mortgages payable is estimated based upon discounted cash flows at current borrowing rates.

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Stockholders' Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity

(a) Preferred Stock

The Company had 200,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"), with 22,284,994 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company has four outstanding series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock: 8.00% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”), 7.875% Series E Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”), 6.875% Series F Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series F Preferred Stock”) and 7.000% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series G Preferred Stock”). Each series of the Preferred Stock is senior to the Company’s common stock with respect to dividends and distributions upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

The following tables summarize the Company’s Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022

Class of Preferred Stock	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued and Outstanding	Carrying Value		Liquidation Preference		Contractual Rate (1)		Optional Redemption Date (2)	Fixed-to-Floating Rate Conversion Date (1)(3)	Floating Annual Rate (4)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate
Series D	8,400,000	6,123,495	$	148,134	$	153,087	8.000	%	October 15, 2027	October 15, 2027	3M LIBOR + 5.695%
Series E	9,900,000	7,411,499	179,349		185,288		7.875	%	January 15, 2025	January 15, 2025	3M LIBOR + 6.429%
Series F	7,750,000	5,750,000	138,650		143,750		6.875	%	October 15, 2026	October 15, 2026	3M SOFR + 6.130%
Fixed Rate
Series G	5,450,000	3,000,000	72,088		75,000		7.000	%	January 15, 2027
Total	31,500,000	22,284,994	$	538,221	$	557,125

December 31, 2021

Class of Preferred Stock	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued and Outstanding	Carrying Value		Liquidation Preference		Contractual Rate (1)		Optional Redemption Date (2)	Fixed-to-Floating Rate Conversion Date (1)(3)	Floating Annual Rate (4)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate
Series D	8,400,000	6,123,495	$	148,134	$	153,087	8.000	%	October 15, 2027	October 15, 2027	3M LIBOR + 5.695%
Series E	9,900,000	7,411,499	179,349		185,288		7.875	%	January 15, 2025	January 15, 2025	3M LIBOR + 6.429%
Series F	7,750,000	5,750,000	138,650		143,750		6.875	%	October 15, 2026	October 15, 2026	3M SOFR + 6.130%
Fixed Rate
Series G	3,450,000	3,000,000	72,088		75,000		7.000	%	January 15, 2027
Total	29,500,000	22,284,994	$	538,221	$	557,125

(1)Each series of fixed rate preferred stock is entitled to receive a dividend at the contractual rate shown, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference. Each series of fixed-to-floating rate preferred stock is entitled to receive a dividend at the contractual rate shown, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference up to, but excluding, the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date.

(2)Each series of Preferred Stock is not redeemable by the Company prior to the respective optional redemption date disclosed except under circumstances intended to preserve the Company’s qualification as a REIT and except upon occurrence of a Change in Control (as defined in the Articles Supplementary designating the Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and Series G Preferred Stock, respectively).

(3)Beginning on the respective fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, each of the Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend on a floating rate basis according to the terms disclosed in footnote (4) below.

(4)On and after the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, each of the Series D Preferred Stock and Series E Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus the respective spread disclosed above per year on its $25 liquidation preference. On and after the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, the Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month SOFR plus the spread disclosed above per year on its $25 liquidation preference.

For each series of Preferred Stock, on or after the respective optional redemption date disclosed, the Company may, at its option, redeem the respective series of Preferred Stock in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, for cash at a redemption price equal to $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends. In addition, upon the occurrence of a change of control, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Preferred Stock in whole or in part, within 120 days after the first date on which such change of control occurred, for cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends.

The Preferred Stock generally do not have any voting rights, subject to an exception in the event the Company fails to pay dividends on such stock for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive). Under such circumstances, holders of the Preferred Stock voting together as a single class with the holders of all other classes or series of our preferred stock upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable and which are entitled to vote as a class with the Preferred Stock will be entitled to vote to elect two additional directors to the Company’s Board of Directors (the "Board") until all unpaid dividends have been paid or declared and set apart for payment. In addition, certain material and adverse changes to the terms of any series of the Preferred Stock cannot be made without the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the series of Preferred Stock whose terms are being changed.

The Preferred Stock has no stated maturity, is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless repurchased or redeemed by the Company or converted into the Company’s common stock in connection with a change of control.

Upon the occurrence of a change of control, each holder of Preferred Stock will have the right (unless the Company has exercised its right to redeem the Preferred Stock) to convert some or all of the Preferred Stock held by such holder into a number of shares of our common stock per share of the applicable series of Preferred Stock determined by a formula, in each case, on the terms and subject to the conditions described in the applicable Articles Supplementary for such series.

(b) Dividends on Preferred Stock

The following table presents the relevant information with respect to quarterly cash dividends declared on the Preferred Stock commencing January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022:

			Cash Dividend Per Share
Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Series B Preferred Stock (1)		Series C Preferred Stock(1)		Series D Preferred Stock		Series E Preferred Stock		Series F Preferred Stock			Series G Preferred Stock
June 17, 2022	July 1, 2022	July 15, 2022	$	—	$	—	$	0.50	$	0.4921875	$	0.4296875		$	0.43750
March 14, 2022	April 1, 2022	April 15, 2022	—		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4296875			0.43750
December 13, 2021	January 1, 2022	January 15, 2022	—		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4296875			0.24792		(2)
September 13, 2021	October 1, 2021	October 15, 2021	0.484375		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4679000		(3)	—
June 14, 2021	July 1, 2021	July 15, 2021	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50		0.4921875		—			—
March 15, 2021	April 1, 2021	April 15, 2021	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50		0.4921875		—			—

(1)The Company redeemed all outstanding shares of its Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock in December 2021 and July 2021, respectively.

(2)Cash dividend for the short initial dividend period that began on November 24, 2021 and ended January 14, 2022.

(3)Cash dividend for the long initial dividend period that began on July 7, 2021 and ended on October 14, 2021.

(c) Common Stock

The Company had 800,000,000 authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, with 378,647,371 and 379,405,240 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

In February 2022, the Board of Directors approved a $200.0 million stock repurchase program. The program, which expires March 31, 2023, allows the Company to make repurchases of shares of common stock from time to time in open market transactions, including through block purchases, through privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to any Rule 10b-18 or 10b5-1 plans. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 2,794,824 shares of its common stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program for a total cost of approximately $7.5 million, net of fees and commissions paid to the broker of approximately $0.03 million, representing an average repurchase price of $2.69 per common share. As of June 30, 2022, $192.5 million of the approved amount remained available for the repurchase of shares of the Company's common stock under the stock repurchase program.

(d) Dividends on Common Stock

The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company on its common stock with respect to the quarterly periods commencing January 1, 2021 and ended June 30, 2022:

Period	Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Cash Dividend Per Share
Second Quarter 2022	June 17, 2022	June 27, 2022	July 25, 2022	$	0.10
First Quarter 2022	March 14, 2022	March 24, 2022	April 25, 2022	0.10
Fourth Quarter 2021	December 13, 2021	December 27, 2021	January 25, 2022	0.10
Third Quarter 2021	September 13, 2021	September 23, 2021	October 25, 2021	0.10
Second Quarter 2021	June 14, 2021	June 24, 2021	July 26, 2021	0.10
First Quarter 2021	March 15, 2021	March 25, 2021	April 26, 2021	0.10

(e) Equity Distribution Agreements

On August 10, 2021, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Common Equity Distribution Agreement”) with a sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having a maximum aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million from time to time through the sales agent. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares of common stock issuable under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement.

The Common Equity Distribution Agreement replaced the Company's prior equity distribution agreement with a sales agent dated as of August 10, 2017, as amended on September 10, 2018 (collectively, the "Prior Equity Distribution Agreement"), pursuant to which approximately $72.5 million of aggregate value of the Company's common stock remained available for issuance prior to termination.

There were no shares of the Company's common stock issued under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement and the Prior Equity Distribution Agreement during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. As of June 30, 2022, approximately $100.0 million of common stock remains available for issuance under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement.

On March 29, 2019, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the "Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement") with a sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, having a maximum aggregate gross sales price of up to $50.0 million, from time to time through the sales agent. On November 27, 2019, the Company entered into an amendment to the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement that increased the maximum aggregate sales price to $131.5 million. The amendment also provided for the inclusion of sales of the Company’s Series E Preferred Stock. On August 10, 2021, the Company entered into an amendment to the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement that increased the maximum aggregate sales price to $149.1 million. The amendment also provided for the inclusion of sales of the Company's Series F Preferred Stock and the exclusion of sales of the Company's Series C Preferred Stock. On March 2, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement that provided for the inclusion of sales of the Company's Series G Preferred Stock and the exclusion of sales of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares of Preferred Stock issuable under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement.

There were no shares of Preferred Stock issued under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. As of June 30, 2022, approximately $100.0 million of Preferred Stock remains available for issuance under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement.

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(Loss) Earnings Per Common Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

(Loss) Earnings Per Common Share

Earnings Per Common Share

The Company calculates basic (loss) earnings per common share by dividing net (loss) income attributable to the Company's common stockholders for the period by weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted (loss) earnings per common share takes into account the effect of dilutive instruments, such as convertible notes, performance share units ("PSUs") and restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and the number of incremental shares that are to be added to the weighted-average number of shares outstanding.

The Company redeemed the Convertible Notes at maturity in the amount of $138.0 million on January 15, 2022. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company's Convertible Notes were determined to be anti-dilutive and were not included in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per common share.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the PSUs and RSUs awarded under the Company's 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the "2017 Plan") were determined to be anti-dilutive and were not included in the calculation of diluted loss per common share. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, certain of the PSUs and RSUs awarded under the 2017 Plan were determined to be dilutive and were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share under the treasury stock method. Under this method, common equivalent shares are calculated assuming that target PSUs and outstanding RSUs vest according to the respective PSU and RSU agreements and unrecognized compensation cost is used to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock at the average market price during the reported period.

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common share for the periods indicated (dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(71,896)	$	53,240	$	(145,746)	$	105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(71,896)	$	53,240	$	(145,746)	$	105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Net effect of assumed PSUs vested	—		2,003		—		1,931
Net effect of assumed RSUs vested	—		215		—		145
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		381,517		380,999		381,167
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22

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Stock Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Based Compensation

Stock Based Compensation

Pursuant to the 2017 Plan, as approved by the Company's stockholders, eligible employees, officers and directors of the Company and individuals who provide services to the Company are offered the opportunity to acquire the Company's common stock through equity awards under the 2017 Plan. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2017 Plan is 43,170,000.

Of the common stock authorized at June 30, 2022, 28,758,269 shares remain available for issuance under the 2017 Plan. The Company’s non-employee directors have been issued 919,019 shares under the 2017 Plan as of June 30, 2022. The Company’s employees have been issued 3,847,231 shares of restricted stock under the 2017 Plan as of June 30, 2022. At June 30, 2022, there were 2,181,985 shares of non-vested restricted stock outstanding, 6,233,373 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding PSUs under the 2017 Plan and 1,054,880 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding RSUs under the 2017 Plan.

Of the common stock authorized at December 31, 2021, 31,367,872 shares were reserved for issuance under the 2017 Plan. The Company's non-employee directors had been issued 687,503 shares under the 2017 Plan as of December 31, 2021. The Company’s employees had been issued 2,689,394 shares of restricted stock under the 2017 Plan as of December 31, 2021. At December 31, 2021, there were 1,909,107 shares of non-vested restricted stock outstanding, 6,168,886 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding PSUs under the 2017 Plan and 1,016,252 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with outstanding RSUs under the 2017 Plan.

(a) Restricted Common Stock Awards

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized non-cash compensation expense on its restricted common stock awards of $1.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized non-cash compensation expense on its restricted common stock awards of $1.2 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Dividends are paid on all restricted stock issued, whether those shares have vested or not. Non-vested restricted stock is forfeited upon the recipient's termination of employment, subject to certain exceptions.

A summary of the activity of the Company's non-vested restricted stock under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested shares as of January 1	1,909,107	$	5.05	1,603,766	$	6.27
Granted	1,217,671	3.59		939,446	3.82
Vested	(884,959)	5.49		(621,438)	5.41
Forfeited	(59,834)	3.96		(19,430)	3.26
Non-vested shares as of June 30	2,181,985	$	4.08	1,902,344	$	5.09
Restricted stock granted during the period	1,217,671	$	3.59	939,446	$	3.82

(1)The grant date fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

At June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company had unrecognized compensation expense of $6.9 million and $7.2 million, respectively, related to the non-vested shares of restricted common stock under the 2017 Plan. The unrecognized compensation expense at June 30, 2022 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years. The total fair value of restricted shares vested during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $3.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively. The requisite service period for restricted stock awards at issuance is three years and the restricted common stock either vests ratably over the requisite service period or at the end of the requisite service period.

(b) Performance Share Units

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company granted PSUs that had been approved by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors. Each PSU represents an unfunded promise to receive one share of the Company's common stock once the performance condition has been satisfied. The awards were issued pursuant to and are consistent with the terms and conditions of the 2017 Plan.

The PSU awards are subject to performance-based vesting under the 2017 Plan pursuant to the PSU award agreements ("PSU Agreements"). Vesting of the PSUs will occur at the end of three years based on the following:

•If three-year TSR performance relative to the Company's identified performance peer group (the "Relative TSR") is less than the 30th percentile, then 0% of the target PSUs will vest;

•If three-year Relative TSR performance is equal to the 30th percentile, then the Threshold % (as defined in the individual PSU Agreements) of the target PSUs will vest;

•If three-year Relative TSR performance is equal to the 50th percentile, then 100% of the target PSUs will vest; and

•If three-year Relative TSR performance is greater than or equal to the 80th percentile, then the Maximum % (as defined in the individual PSU Agreements) of the target PSUs will vest.

The percentage of target PSUs that vest for performance between the 30th, 50th, and 80th percentiles will be calculated using linear interpolation.

TSR for the Company and each member of the peer group will be determined by dividing (i) the sum of the cumulative amount of such entity’s dividends per share for the performance period and the arithmetic average per share volume weighted average price (the “VWAP”) of such entity’s common stock for the last thirty (30) consecutive trading days of the performance period minus the arithmetic average per share VWAP of such entity’s common stock for the last thirty (30) consecutive trading days immediately prior to the performance period by (ii) the arithmetic average per share VWAP of such entity’s common stock for the last thirty (30) consecutive trading days immediately prior to the performance period.

The grant date fair value of the PSUs was determined through a Monte-Carlo simulation of the Company’s common stock total shareholder return and the common stock total shareholder return of its identified performance peer companies to determine the Relative TSR of the Company’s common stock over a future period of three years. For PSUs granted, the inputs used by the model to determine the fair value are (i) historical stock price volatilities of the Company and its identified performance peer companies over the most recent three year period and correlation between each company's stock and the identified performance peer group over the same time series and (ii) a risk free rate for the period interpolated from the U.S. Treasury yield curve on grant date.

The PSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 include dividend equivalent rights ("DERs") which shall remain outstanding from the grant date until the earlier of the settlement or forfeiture of the PSU to which the DER corresponds. Each vested DER entitles the holder to receive payments in an amount equal to any dividends paid by the Company in respect of the share of the Company’s common stock underlying the PSU to which such DER relates. Upon vesting of the PSUs, the DER will also vest. DERs will be forfeited upon forfeiture of the corresponding PSUs. The DERs may be settled in cash or stock at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.

A summary of the activity of the target PSU awards under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Target Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Target Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested target PSUs as of January 1	3,376,740	$	5.43	2,902,014	$	4.98
Granted	844,534	4.87		1,631,661	5.56
Vested	(1,074,918)	4.00		(842,792)	4.20
Non-vested target PSUs as of June 30	3,146,356	$	5.76	3,690,883	$	5.41

(1)The grant date fair value of the PSUs was determined through a Monte-Carlo simulation of the Company’s common stock total shareholder return and the common stock total shareholder return of its identified performance peer companies to determine the Relative TSR of the Company’s common stock over a future period of three years.

The three-year performance period for PSUs granted in 2019 ended on December 31, 2021, resulting in the vesting of 733,496 shares of common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2022 with a fair value of $2.6 million on the vesting date. The number of vested shares related to PSUs granted in 2019 was less than the target PSUs of 1,074,918. The three-year performance period for PSUs granted in 2018 ended on December 31, 2020, resulting in the vesting of 974,074 shares of common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2021 with a fair value of $3.7 million on the vesting date. The number of vested shares related to PSUs granted in 2018 exceeded the target PSUs of 842,792. Non-vested PSUs are forfeited upon the recipient's termination of employment, subject to certain exceptions.

As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, there was $8.8 million and $11.7 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the PSUs, respectively. The unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the PSUs at June 30, 2022 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. Compensation expense related to the PSUs was $1.5 million and $3.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Compensation expense related to the PSUs was $1.7 million and $3.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.

(c) Restricted Stock Units

During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company granted RSUs that had been approved by the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors. Each RSU represents an unfunded promise to receive one share of the Company's common stock upon satisfaction of the vesting provisions. The awards were issued pursuant to and are consistent with the terms and conditions of the 2017 Plan. The requisite service period for RSUs at issuance is three years and the RSUs vest ratably over the requisite service period.

The RSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 include DERs which shall remain outstanding from the grant date until the earlier of the settlement or forfeiture of the RSU to which the DER corresponds. Each vested DER entitles the holder to receive payments in an amount equal to any dividends paid by the Company in respect of the share of the Company’s common stock underlying the RSU to which such DER relates. Upon vesting of the RSUs, the DER will also vest. DERs will be forfeited upon forfeiture of the corresponding RSUs. The DERs may be settled in cash or stock at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.

A summary of the activity of the RSU awards under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested RSUs as of January 1	1,016,252	$	4.36	441,746	$	6.23
Granted	422,267	3.72		815,830	3.69
Vested	(383,639)	4.58		(147,254)	6.23
Non-vested RSUs as of June 30	1,054,880	$	4.03	1,110,322	$	4.36

(1)The grant date fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

During the six months ended June 30, 2022, 383,639 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the vesting of RSUs at a fair value of $1.4 million on the vesting date. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, 147,254 shares of common stock were issued in connection with the vesting of RSUs at a fair value of $0.5 million on the vesting date. Non-vested RSUs are forfeited upon the recipient's termination of employment, subject to certain exceptions.

As of June 30, 2022 and 2021, there was $3.2 million and $4.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the RSUs, respectively. The unrecognized compensation cost related to the non-vested portion of the RSUs at June 30, 2022 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. Compensation expense related to the RSUs was $0.6 million and $1.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Compensation expense related to the RSUs was $0.5 million and $0.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company qualified to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As long as the Company qualifies as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on its taxable income to the extent it annually distributes at least 100% of its taxable income to stockholders and does not engage in prohibited transactions. Certain activities the Company performs may produce income that will not be qualifying income for REIT purposes. The Company has designated its TRSs to engage in these activities. The tables below reflect the taxes accrued at the TRS level and the tax attributes included in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

The income tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is comprised of the following components (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Current income tax expense	$	166	$	58	$	231	$	271
Deferred income tax benefit	(76)		(43)		(164)		(190)
Total income tax provision	$	90	$	15	$	67	$	81

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The major sources of temporary differences included in the deferred tax assets (liabilities) and their deferred tax effect as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforward	$	2,927	$	3,615
Capital loss carryover	7,654		7,549
GAAP/Tax basis differences	2,124		254
Total deferred tax assets (1)	12,705		11,418
Deferred tax liabilities
GAAP/Tax basis differences	5,558		6,681
Total deferred tax liabilities (2)	5,558		6,681
Valuation allowance (1)	(7,381)		(5,136)
Total net deferred tax liability	$	(234)	$	(399)

(1)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2022, the Company, through wholly-owned TRSs, had incurred net operating losses in the aggregate amount of approximately $8.6 million. The Company’s carryforward net operating losses can be carried forward indefinitely until they are offset by future taxable income. Additionally, as of June 30, 2022, the Company, through its wholly-owned TRSs, had also incurred approximately $22.5 million in capital losses. The Company's carryforward capital losses will expire between 2023 and 2027 if they are not offset by future capital gains.

At June 30, 2022, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets as management does not believe that it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realized. The change in the valuation for the current year is an increase of approximately $2.2 million. We will continue to monitor positive and negative evidence related to the utilization of the remaining deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance continues to be provided.

The Company files income tax returns with the U.S. federal government and various state and local jurisdictions. The Company's federal, state and city income tax returns are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and related tax authorities generally for three years after they were filed. The Company has assessed its tax positions for all open years and concluded that there are no material uncertainties to be recognized.

Based on the Company’s evaluation, the Company has concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s financial statements. To the extent that the Company incurs interest and accrued penalties in connection with its tax obligations, including expenses related to the Company’s evaluation of unrecognized tax positions, such amounts will be included in income tax expense.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted in the U.S. This legislation was intended to support the economy during the COVID-19 pandemic with temporary changes to income and non-income based tax laws. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the changes did not have a material impact to our financial statements. We will continue to monitor as additional guidance is issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service and others.

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Net Interest Income

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Banking and Thrift, Interest [Abstract]

Net Interest Income

Net Interest Income

The following table details the components of the Company's interest income and interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest income
Residential loans
Residential loans	$	32,669	$	20,155	$	57,502	$	39,816
Consolidated SLST	9,254		10,479		18,635		20,797
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	18,853		9,933		35,486		17,901
Total residential loans	60,776		40,567		111,623		78,514
Multi-family loans	2,834		4,130		5,785		8,531
Investment securities available for sale	4,331		7,475		9,006		15,150
Other	79		14		107		30
Total interest income	68,020		52,186		126,521		102,225
Interest expense			.
Repurchase agreements	11,647		3,732		17,178		7,774
Collateralized debt obligations
Consolidated SLST	6,208		7,151		12,186		14,254
Residential loan securitizations	8,728		5,015		16,185		9,735
Non-Agency RMBS re-securitization	—		—		—		283
Total collateralized debt obligations	14,936		12,166		28,371		24,272
Convertible notes	—		2,788		438		5,572
Senior unsecured notes	1,607		1,136		3,210		1,136
Subordinated debentures	550		459		1,008		916
Mortgages payable on real estate	13,151		430		20,308		740
Total interest expense	41,891		20,711		70,513		40,410
Net interest income	$	26,129	$	31,475	$	56,008	$	61,815

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation – The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 has been derived from audited financial statements. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 are unaudited. In our opinion, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been made. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation S-X and the instructions to Form 10-Q. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, significant accounting policies and other disclosures have been omitted since such items are disclosed in Note 2 in the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Provided in this section is a summary of additional accounting policies that are significant to, or newly adopted by, the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management has made significant estimates in several areas, including fair valuation of its residential loans, multi-family loans, certain equity investments and Consolidated SLST CDOs. Although the Company’s estimates contemplate current conditions and how it expects those conditions to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and its financial condition.

The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting emergency measures have led (and may continue to lead) to significant disruptions in the global supply chain, global capital markets, the economy of the U.S. and the economies of other countries impacted by COVID-19. The fluidity of this situation precludes any prediction as to the ultimate adverse impact of COVID-19 on economic and market conditions. The Company believes the estimates and assumptions underlying our condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and supportable based on the information available as of June 30, 2022; however, uncertainty over the ultimate impact COVID-19 will have on the global economy generally, and our business in particular, makes any estimates and assumptions as of June 30, 2022 inherently less certain than they would be absent the current and potential impacts of COVID-19. Accordingly, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be different than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially impact the Company’s results of operations and its financial condition.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications – Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to current period presentation.

Principles of Consolidation and Variable Interest Entities

Principles of Consolidation and Variable Interest Entities – The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of all its subsidiaries which are majority-owned, controlled by the Company or a variable interest entity (“VIE”) where the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. The Company consolidates a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810") when it is the primary beneficiary of such VIE, herein referred to as a "Consolidated VIE". As primary beneficiary, the Company has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and a right to receive benefits or absorb losses of the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE. The Company is required to reconsider its evaluation of whether to consolidate a VIE each reporting period, based upon changes in the facts and circumstances pertaining to the VIE.

The Company evaluates the initial consolidation of each Consolidated VIE, which includes a determination of whether the VIE constitutes the definition of a business in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"), by considering if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets within the VIE are concentrated in either a single identifiable asset or group of single identifiable assets. Upon consolidation, the Company recognizes the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any third-party ownership of membership interests as non-controlling interest as of the consolidation or acquisition date, measured at their relative fair values (see Note 7). Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs is adjusted prospectively for its share of the allocation of income or loss and equity contributions and distributions from each respective Consolidated VIE. The third-party owners of certain of the non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs have the ability to sell their ownership interests to the Company, at their election. The Company has classified these third-party ownership interests as redeemable non-controlling interests in Consolidated VIEs in mezzanine equity on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Summary of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Summary of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting ("ASU 2020-04"). ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions to GAAP requirements for modifications to debt agreements, leases, derivatives and other contracts, related to the expected market transition from LIBOR, and certain other floating rate benchmark indices, or collectively, IBORs, to alternative reference rates. ASU 2020-04 generally considers contract modifications related to reference rate reform to be an event that does not require contract remeasurement at the modification date nor a reassessment of a previous accounting determination. In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope ("ASU 2021-01"). ASU 2021-01 clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the "discounting transition" (i.e., changes in the interest rates used for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment for derivative instruments that are being implemented as part of the market-wide transition to new reference rates). The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time, through December 31, 2022, as reference rate reform activities occur. Once ASU 2020-04 is elected, the guidance must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications. The amendments in ASU 2021-01 were effective immediately and may be applied on a full retrospective basis as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020 or on a prospective basis for eligible contract modifications through December 31, 2022. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 on its financing transactions that are subject to LIBOR and may apply elections, as applicable, as the expected market transition from IBORs to alternative reference rates continues to develop.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company has established and documented processes for determining fair values. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If listed prices or quotes are not available, then fair value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use inputs that are market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, including interest rate yield curves.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

Level 1 - inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 - inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following describes the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

a.Residential Loans Held in Consolidated SLST – Residential loans held in Consolidated SLST are carried at fair value and classified as Level 3 fair values. In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by the securitization and its investment in the securitization (eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP), as the fair value of these instruments is more observable.

The investment securities (eliminated in consolidation in accordance with GAAP) that we own in the securitization are generally illiquid and trade infrequently. As such, they are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair valuation of these investment securities is determined based on an internal valuation model that considers expected cash flows from the underlying loans and yields required by market participants. The significant unobservable inputs used in the measurement of these investments are projected losses within the pool of loans and a discount rate. The discount rate used in determining fair value incorporates default rate, loss severity, prepayment rate and current market interest rates. Significant increases or decreases in these inputs would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

b.Residential Loans and Residential Loans Held in Securitization Trusts – The Company’s acquired residential loans are recorded at fair value and classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value for residential loans is determined using valuations obtained from a third party that specializes in providing valuations of residential loans. The valuation approach depends on whether the residential loan is considered performing, re-performing or non-performing at the date the valuation is performed.

For performing and re-performing loans, estimates of fair value are derived using a discounted cash flow model, where estimates of cash flows are determined from scheduled payments for each loan, adjusted using forecast prepayment rates, default rates and rates for loss upon default. For non-performing loans, asset liquidation cash flows are derived based on the estimated time to liquidate the loan, expected liquidation costs and home price appreciation. Estimated cash flows for both performing and non-performing loans are discounted at yields considered appropriate to arrive at a reasonable exit price for the asset. Indications of loan value such as actual trades, bids, offers and generic market color may be used in determining the appropriate discount yield.

c.Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments – Fair value for preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments is determined by both market comparable pricing and discounted cash flows. The discounted cash flows are based on the underlying estimated cash flows and estimated changes in market yields. The fair value also reflects consideration of changes in credit risk since the origination or time of initial investment. This fair value measurement is generally based on unobservable inputs and, as such, is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

d.Investment Securities Available for Sale – The Company determines the fair value of all of its investment securities available for sale based on discounted cash flows utilizing an internal pricing model. The methodology considers the characteristics of the particular security and its underlying collateral, which are observable inputs. These inputs include, but are not limited to, delinquency status, coupon, loan-to-value ("LTV"), historical performance, periodic and life caps, collateral type, rate reset period, seasoning, prepayment speeds and credit enhancement levels. The Company also considers several observable market data points, including prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments, trading activity, and dialogue with market participants. Third-party pricing services typically incorporate commonly used market pricing methods, trading activity observed in the marketplace and other data inputs similar to those used in the Company's internal pricing model. The Company has established thresholds to compare internally generated prices with independent third-party prices and any differences that exceed the thresholds are reviewed both internally and with the third-party pricing service. The Company reconciles and resolves all pricing differences in excess of the thresholds before a final price is established. The Company’s investment securities available for sale are valued based upon readily observable market parameters and are classified as Level 2 fair values.

e.Equity Investments – Fair value for equity investments is determined (i) by the valuation process for preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments as described in c. above, (ii) using weighted multiples of origination volume and earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization of the entity or (iii) using the net asset value ("NAV") of the equity investment entity as a practical expedient. These fair value measurements are generally based on unobservable inputs and, as such, are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

f.Collateralized Debt Obligations – CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST are classified as Level 3 fair values for which fair value is determined by considering several market data points, including prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealers who make markets in similar financial instruments. The third-party pricing service or dealers incorporate common market pricing methods, including a spread measurement to the Treasury curve or interest rate swap curve as well as underlying characteristics of the particular security. They will also consider contractual cash payments and yields expected by market participants.

Refer to a. above for a description of the fair valuation of CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST that are eliminated in consolidation.

Management reviews all prices used in determining fair value to ensure they represent current market conditions. This review includes surveying similar market transactions and comparisons to interest pricing models as well as offerings of like securities by dealers. Any changes to the valuation methodology are reviewed by management to ensure the changes are appropriate. As markets and products develop and the pricing for certain products becomes more transparent, the Company continues to refine its valuation methodologies. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. The Company uses inputs that are current as of each reporting date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which time price transparency may be reduced. This condition could cause the Company’s financial instruments to be reclassified from Level 2 to Level 3 in future periods.

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Abstract]

Schedule of Residential Mortgage Loans At Fair Value

The following table presents the Company’s residential loans, at fair value, which consist of residential loans held by the Company, Consolidated SLST and other securitization trusts, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Residential loans (1)		Consolidated SLST (2)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts (3)		Total		Residential loans (1)		Consolidated SLST (2)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts (3)		Total
Principal	$	2,262,439	$	1,000,120	$	1,232,355	$	4,494,914	$	1,682,138	$	1,071,228	$	776,438	$	3,529,804
(Discount)/premium	(34,778)		(4,551)		(50,754)		(90,083)		(44,256)		(2,998)		(37,011)		(84,265)
Unrealized (losses) gains	(34,342)		(74,791)		33,494		(75,639)		65,408		2,652		62,002		130,062
Carrying value	$	2,193,319	$	920,778	$	1,215,095	$	4,329,192	$	1,703,290	$	1,070,882	$	801,429	$	3,575,601

(1)Certain of the Company's residential loans, at fair value are pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (see Note 10).

(2)The Company invests in first loss subordinated securities and certain IOs issued by a Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitization. In accordance with GAAP, the Company has consolidated the underlying seasoned re-performing and non-performing residential loans held in the securitization and the CDOs issued to permanently finance these residential loans, representing Consolidated SLST. Consolidated SLST CDOs are included in collateralized debt obligations on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 11).

(3)The Company's residential loans held in securitization trusts are pledged as collateral for CDOs issued by the Company. These CDOs are accounted for as financings and included in collateralized debt obligations on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets (see Note 11).

Schedule of Components of Net Gain on Residential Mortgage Loans at Fair Value

The following table presents the unrealized gains (losses), net attributable to residential loans, at fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2022						June 30, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(30,078)	$	(10,798)	$	(34,883)	$	1,009	$	6,471	$	4,893

	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2022						June 30, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST (1)		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$	(55,602)	$	(77,443)	$	(72,657)	$	7,435	$	(18,872)	$	17,143

(1)In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST, including investment securities we own, as the fair value of these instruments is more observable (see Note 14). See Note 7 for unrealized gains (losses), net recognized by the Company on its investment in Consolidated SLST, which include unrealized gains (losses) on the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST presented in the table above and unrealized gains (losses) on the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST.

Schedule of Geographic Concentration of Credit Risk

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the unpaid principal balance of residential loans, at fair value as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
California	21.9	%	10.5	%	23.8	%	21.7	%	10.5	%	22.0	%
Florida	11.2	%	10.4	%	10.1	%	10.4	%	10.5	%	8.9	%
New York	8.8	%	9.7	%	7.5	%	8.8	%	9.8	%	9.2	%
Texas	7.5	%	4.0	%	5.4	%	7.4	%	4.0	%	4.3	%
New Jersey	6.9	%	7.5	%	4.7	%	5.9	%	7.3	%	6.4	%
Washington	5.4	%	1.8	%	3.2	%	4.4	%	1.9	%	3.2	%
Illinois	2.9	%	7.2	%	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.1	%	2.3	%
Massachusetts	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.5	%	4.6	%	2.7	%	5.6	%

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total multi-family loan investment amounts as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Texas	25.1	%	28.3	%
Florida	13.9	%	12.2	%
Tennessee	12.7	%	11.0	%
Georgia	8.5	%	7.4	%
Ohio	8.1	%	7.2	%
Louisiana	6.3	%	5.8	%
Alabama	5.8	%	5.0	%
North Carolina	5.0	%	7.0	%

Schedule of Residential Mortgage Loans, Fair Value Compared to Unpaid Principal

The following table presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts in non-accrual status as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Greater than 90 days past due				Less than 90 days past due
	Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance		Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance
June 30, 2022	$	115,696	$	123,559	$	10,588	$	11,219
December 31, 2021	92,990		102,981		17,102		17,716

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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Receivables [Abstract]

Schedule of Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments

Multi-family loans consist of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Investment amount	$	105,399	$	118,307
Deferred loan fees, net	(517)		(672)
Unrealized gains, net	1,943		2,386
Total, at Fair Value	$	106,825	$	120,021

Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loans, Fair Value Compared to Unpaid Principal

The table below presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's multi-family loans in non-accrual status as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Days Late	Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance		Fair Value		Unpaid Principal Balance
90 +	$	4,370	$	3,363	$	3,972	$	3,363

Schedule of Geographic Concentration of Credit Risk Exceeding 5% of Balances

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the unpaid principal balance of residential loans, at fair value as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts
California	21.9	%	10.5	%	23.8	%	21.7	%	10.5	%	22.0	%
Florida	11.2	%	10.4	%	10.1	%	10.4	%	10.5	%	8.9	%
New York	8.8	%	9.7	%	7.5	%	8.8	%	9.8	%	9.2	%
Texas	7.5	%	4.0	%	5.4	%	7.4	%	4.0	%	4.3	%
New Jersey	6.9	%	7.5	%	4.7	%	5.9	%	7.3	%	6.4	%
Washington	5.4	%	1.8	%	3.2	%	4.4	%	1.9	%	3.2	%
Illinois	2.9	%	7.2	%	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.1	%	2.3	%
Massachusetts	2.4	%	2.7	%	7.5	%	4.6	%	2.7	%	5.6	%

The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total multi-family loan investment amounts as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Texas	25.1	%	28.3	%
Florida	13.9	%	12.2	%
Tennessee	12.7	%	11.0	%
Georgia	8.5	%	7.4	%
Ohio	8.1	%	7.2	%
Louisiana	6.3	%	5.8	%
Alabama	5.8	%	5.0	%
North Carolina	5.0	%	7.0	%

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities Reconciliation

The Company's investment securities available for sale consisted of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Amortized Cost		Unrealized				Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized				Fair Value
			Gains		Losses						Gains		Losses
Fair Value Option
Non-Agency RMBS	$	50,307	$	7,009	$	(7,076)	$	50,240	$	100,186	$	949	$	(2,636)	$	98,499
CMBS	32,600		—		(2,504)		30,096		32,600		684		(138)		33,146
ABS	19,371		16,217		—		35,588		21,795		17,884		—		39,679
Total investment securities available for sale - fair value option	102,278		23,226		(9,580)		115,924		154,581		19,517		(2,774)		171,324
CECL Securities
Non-Agency RMBS	25,526		—		(944)		24,582		27,743		1,787		(10)		29,520
Total investment securities available for sale - CECL Securities	25,526		—		(944)		24,582		27,743		1,787		(10)		29,520
Total	$	127,804	$	23,226	$	(10,524)	$	140,506	$	182,324	$	21,304	$	(2,784)	$	200,844

Schedule of Investments Securities Sold

The following tables summarize our investment securities sold during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
CMBS	$	3,770	$	392	$	—	$	392
Total	$	3,770	$	392	$	—	$	392

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
Non-Agency RMBS	$	24,374	$	374	$	—	$	374
Total	$	24,374	$	374	$	—	$	374

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Sales Proceeds		Realized Gains		Realized Losses		Net Realized Gains (Losses)
Non-Agency RMBS	$	72,083	$	12	$	(833)	$	(821)
CMBS	43,315		5,587		—		5,587
Total	$	115,398	$	5,599	$	(833)	$	4,766

Schedule of Weighted Average Lives of Investment Securities

The following table sets forth the weighted average lives of our investment securities available for sale as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Weighted Average Life	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
0 to 5 years	$	68,455	$	144,266
Over 5 to 10 years	58,419		39,306
10+ years	13,632		17,272
Total	$	140,506	$	200,844

Investment Securities Available-for-sale in an Unrealized Loss Position

The following table presents the Company's CECL Securities in an unrealized loss position with no credit losses reported, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months				Total
	Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Non-Agency RMBS	$	24,540	$	(938)	$	42	$	(6)	$	24,582	$	(944)
Total	$	24,540	$	(938)	$	42	$	(6)	$	24,582	$	(944)

December 31, 2021	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months				Total
	Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Carrying Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Non-Agency RMBS	$	2,300	$	(3)	$	48	$	(7)	$	2,348	$	(10)
Total	$	2,300	$	(3)	$	48	$	(7)	$	2,348	$	(10)

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Equity Investments, at Fair Values (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Schedule of Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

The following table presents the Company's equity investments as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Investment Name	Ownership Interest	Fair Value		Ownership Interest	Fair Value
Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC	45%	$	20,586	45%	$	19,965
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)	43%	6,047		43%	5,725
1122 Chicago DE, LLC	53%	7,998		53%	7,723
Bighaus, LLC	42%	15,987		42%	15,471
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC	51%	26,403		51%	25,499
Lurin-RMI, LLC	38%	10,985		38%	9,548
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC	34%	5,338		34%	5,175
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC	62%	30,367		62%	30,383
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC	57%	17,814		57%	17,213
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC	70%	17,271		70%	16,597
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC	58%	19,987		—	—
DCP Gold Creek, LLC	—	—		44%	6,686
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC	—	—		56%	11,331
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.	—	—		36%	9,482
Total - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests		178,783			180,798
Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC	70%	3,982		70%	3,770
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC	70%	7,008		70%	6,670
Total - Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties		10,990			10,440
Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	11%	2,878		11%	19,143
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	—	31,000		—	29,250
Total - Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests		33,878			48,393
Total		$	223,651		$	239,631

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed, subject to holdbacks, as a result of a sale transaction initiated by the general partner during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)The Company has the option to purchase 50% of the issued and outstanding interests of an entity that originates residential loans. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method and has elected the fair value option. The Company purchased $82.1 million and $252.3 million of residential loans from the entity during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

The following table presents income from multi-family preferred equity ownership interests for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Income from these investments is presented in income from equity investments in the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Income from these investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 includes $0.3 million and $0.4 million of net unrealized gains, respectively. Income from these investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 includes $0.8 million and $0.9 million of net unrealized gains, respectively.

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment Name	2022		2021		2022		2021
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC	$	596	$	675	$	1,183	$	1,141
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)	163		174		322		298
DCP Gold Creek, LLC	(599)		197		254		400
1122 Chicago DE, LLC	241		225		478		446
Bighaus, LLC	472		443		937		879
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC	812		758		1,610		1,504
Lurin-RMI, LLC	1,520		235		1,800		470
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC	158		—		313		—
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC	902		—		1,804		—
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC	559		—		1,108		—
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC	614		—		1,215		—
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC	591		—		1,107		—
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC	—		896		(174)		1,215
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.	—		263		(153)		541
BBA-EP320 II, L.L.C., BBA-Ten10 II, L.L.C., and Lexington on the Green Apartments, L.L.C. (collectively)	—		357		—		704
Audubon Mezzanine Holdings, L.L.C. (Series A)	—		357		—		721
EP 320 Growth Fund, L.L.C. (Series A) and Turnbury Park Apartments - BC, L.L.C. (Series A) (collectively)	—		240		—		419
Towers Property Holdings, LLC	—		361		—		740
Mansions Property Holdings, LLC	—		348		—		713
Sabina Montgomery Holdings, LLC - Series B and Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series A (collectively)	—		131		—		266
Gen1814, LLC - Series A, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series A, and Polos at Hudson Investments, LLC - Series A (collectively)	—		302		—		616
Axis Apartments Holdings, LLC, Arbor-Stratford Holdings II, LLC - Series B, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series B, Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series C, and Woodland Park Apartments II, LLC (collectively)	—		374		—		762
Total Income - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests	$	6,029	$	6,336	$	11,804	$	11,835

The following table presents income from these investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):    

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment Name	2022		2021		2022		2021
Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP (1)	$	22	$	998	$	50	$	2,186
Constructive Loans, LLC (2)	1,750		—		1,750		—
Headlands Asset Management Fund III (Cayman), LP (Headlands Flagship Opportunity Fund Series I) (3)	—		3,273		—		(15)
Total Income - Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests	$	1,772	$	4,271	$	1,800	$	2,171
Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties (4)
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC	$	111	$	—	$	211	$	—
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC	188		—		338		—
Total Income - Joint Venture Equity Investments in Multi-Family Properties	$	299	$	—	$	549	$	—

(1)The Company's equity investment was partially redeemed during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

(2)Includes net unrealized gain of $1.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

(3)The Company's equity investment was redeemed during the year ended December 31, 2021.

(4)Includes net unrealized gain of $0.3 million and $0.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities of Consolidated VIE's

The following table summarizes the aggregate estimated fair value of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests associated with the initial consolidation of the joint venture entities and real estate acquisitions by a Consolidated VIE during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cash	$	1,474	$	973	$	8,576	$	2,723
Operating real estate (1)	202,220		42,050		730,988		73,513
Lease intangibles (2)	14,431		3,320		41,892		4,964
Other assets	2,706		3,851		8,836		5,695
Total assets	220,831		50,194		790,292		86,895
Mortgages payable on real estate, net	156,494		36,057		566,250		61,831
Other liabilities	1,482		652		4,662		797
Total liabilities	157,976		36,709		570,912		62,628
Non-controlling interest (3)	5,805		1,335		16,293		1,874
Net assets consolidated	$	57,050	$	12,150	$	203,087	$	22,393

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	38,233	$	38,233
Residential loans, at fair value	1,215,095		920,778		—		2,135,873
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		1,649,472		1,649,472
Other assets	77,630		3,314		48,087		129,031
Total assets	$	1,292,725	$	924,092	$	1,735,792	$	3,952,609
Collateralized debt obligations ($1,107,091 at amortized cost, net and $710,233 at fair value)	$	1,107,091	$	710,233	$	—	$	1,817,324
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		1,251,059		1,251,059
Other liabilities	43,477		3,859		25,755		73,091
Total liabilities	$	1,150,568	$	714,092	$	1,276,814	$	3,141,474
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	37,101	$	37,101
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	34,080	$	34,080
Net investment (5)	$	142,157	$	210,000	$	387,797	$	739,954

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	29,606	$	29,606
Residential loans, at fair value	801,429		1,070,882		—		1,872,311
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		927,725		927,725
Other assets	36,767		3,547		70,557		110,871
Total assets	$	838,196	$	1,074,429	$	1,027,888	$	2,940,513
Collateralized debt obligations ($682,802 at amortized cost, net and $839,419 at fair value)	$	682,802	$	839,419	$	—	$	1,522,221
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		672,568		672,568
Other liabilities	20,156		3,193		17,527		40,876
Total liabilities	$	702,958	$	842,612	$	690,095	$	2,235,665
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	66,392	$	66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	24,359	$	24,359
Net investment (5)	$	135,238	$	231,817	$	247,042	$	614,097

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

		June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	407,104	$	407,104	$	289,602	$	289,602
Residential loans	Level 3	4,329,192		4,329,192		3,575,601		3,575,601
Multi-family loans	Level 3	106,825		106,825		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale	Level 2	140,506		140,506		200,844		200,844
Equity investments	Level 3	223,651		223,651		239,631		239,631
Financial Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	Level 2	1,693,876		1,693,876		554,259		554,259
Collateralized debt obligations:
Residential loan securitizations at amortized cost, net	Level 3	1,107,091		1,050,939		682,802		686,027
Consolidated SLST	Level 3	710,233		710,233		839,419		839,419
Subordinated debentures	Level 3	45,000		38,674		45,000		44,388
Convertible notes	Level 2	—		—		137,898		138,011
Senior unsecured notes	Level 2	97,039		89,489		96,704		102,215
Mortgages payable on real estate	Level 3	1,251,059		1,227,040		709,356		712,112

Schedule of Statement of Operations of Variable Interest Entities

The following table presents condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Interest income	$	9,254	$	—	$	9,254	$	10,479	$	—	$	10,479
Interest expense	6,208		13,148		19,356		7,151		430		7,581
Total net interest income (expense)	3,046		(13,148)		(10,102)		3,328		(430)		2,898
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(4,275)		—		(4,275)		9,793		—		9,793
Income from real estate	—		34,409		34,409		—		2,150		2,150
Total non-interest (loss) income	(4,275)		34,409		30,134		9,793		2,150		11,943
Expenses related to real estate (1)	—		68,337		68,337		—		3,913		3,913
Net (loss) income	(1,229)		(47,076)		(48,305)		13,121		(2,193)		10,928
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	—		18,922		18,922		—		1,625		1,625
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(1,229)	$	(28,154)	$	(29,383)	$	13,121	$	(568)	$	12,553

(1)See Note 8 for depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate.

The following table presents condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022						2021
	Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Interest income	$	18,635	$	—	$	18,635	$	20,797	$	—	$	20,797
Interest expense	12,186		19,983		32,169		14,254		740		14,994
Total net interest income (expense)	6,449		(19,983)		(13,534)		6,543		(740)		5,803
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(19,555)		—		(19,555)		19,018		—		19,018
Income from real estate	—		58,047		58,047		—		3,645		3,645
Total non-interest (loss) income	(19,555)		58,047		38,492		19,018		3,645		22,663
Expenses related to real estate (1)	—		114,783		114,783		—		6,837		6,837
Net (loss) income	(13,106)		(76,719)		(89,825)		25,561		(3,932)		21,629
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	—		33,792		33,792		—		3,034		3,034
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(13,106)	$	(42,927)	$	(56,033)	$	25,561	$	(898)	$	24,663

(1)See Note 8 for depreciation and amortization expenses related to operating real estate.

Schedule of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated VIEs

The following table presents activity in redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022		Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Beginning balance	$	53,361	$	66,392
Contributions	41		315
Distributions	(1,133)		(1,810)
Net loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(15,168)		(27,796)
Ending balance	$	37,101	$	37,101

Schedule of Classification and Carrying Value of Unconsolidated VIEs

The following tables present the classification and carrying value of unconsolidated VIEs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Multi-family loans		Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		Equity investments		Total
ABS	$	—	$	35,588	$	—	$	35,588
Non-Agency RMBS	—		31,978		—		31,978
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties	106,825		—		178,783		285,608
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	—		—		10,990		10,990
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties	—		—		2,878		2,878
Maximum exposure	$	106,825	$	67,566	$	192,651	$	367,042

	December 31, 2021
	Multi-family loans		Investment securities available for sale, at fair value		Equity investments		Total
ABS	$	—	$	39,679	$	—	$	39,679
Non-Agency RMBS	—		30,924		—		30,924
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties	120,021		—		180,798		300,819
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties	—		—		10,440		10,440
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties	—		—		19,143		19,143
Maximum exposure	$	120,021	$	70,603	$	210,381	$	401,005

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Real Estate, Net (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Real Estate [Abstract]

Schedule of Real Estate Investment

The following is a summary of real estate, net, collectively, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Land	$	218,223	$	111,182
Building and improvements	1,524,023		835,635
Furniture, fixture and equipment	46,491		23,546
Operating real estate	$	1,788,737	$	970,363
Accumulated depreciation	(27,332)		(3,890)
Operating real estate, net	$	1,761,405	$	966,473
Real estate held for sale, net (1)	$	30,915	$	51,110
Real estate, net	$	1,792,320	$	1,017,583

(1)Real estate held for sale, net is recorded at the lower of the net carrying amount of the assets or the estimated fair value, net of selling costs.

Schedule of Components of Lease Intangibles, Net

The following table presents the components of lease intangibles, net as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Lease intangibles	$	92,216	$	51,969
Accumulated amortization	(73,292)		(12,200)
Lease intangibles, net	$	18,924	$	39,769

Schedule Of Components Of Income From Real Estate And Expenses

The following table presents the components of income from real estate and expenses related to real estate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Rental income	$	32,137	$	2,078	$	55,425	$	3,567
Other income	3,733		72		6,033		78
Total income from real estate	$	35,870	$	2,150	$	61,458	$	3,645
Interest expense, mortgages payable on real estate (1)	$	13,151	$	430	$	20,308	$	740
Depreciation expense on operating real estate	$	15,132	$	838	$	25,244	$	1,519
Amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	37,262		1,516		62,737		2,758
Other expenses	18,365		1,559		30,767		2,560
Total expenses related to real estate	$	70,759	$	3,913	$	118,748	$	6,837

(1)Included in interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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Other Assets and Other Liabilities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Offsetting [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Assets

The following table presents the components of the Company's other assets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Restricted cash (1)	$	144,614	$	48,259
Accrued interest receivable	38,136		26,688
Other assets in consolidated multi-family properties	25,160		21,668
Collections receivable from residential loan servicers	20,624		28,634
Lease intangibles, net in consolidated multi-family properties	18,924		39,769
Recoverable advances on residential loans	13,444		14,143
Other receivables	12,943		14,507
Operating lease right-of-use assets	8,429		9,011
Deferred tax assets	5,324		6,282
Real estate owned	2,552		2,055
Other	9,788		4,003
Total	$	299,938	$	215,019

(1)Restricted cash represents cash held by third parties, including cash held by the Company's securitization trusts and consolidated multi-family properties.

Schedule of Other Liabilities

The following table presents the components of the Company's other liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Advanced remittances from residential loan servicers	$	94,377	$	16,603
Dividends and dividend equivalents payable	49,026		48,328
Accrued expenses and other liabilities in consolidated multi-family properties	25,755		22,583
Accrued expenses	13,887		13,408
Deferred revenue	11,507		13,019
Unfunded commitments for residential loans	9,663		21,364
Operating lease liabilities	8,994		9,584
Accrued interest payable	8,604		9,051
Deferred tax liabilities	5,558		6,681
Other	3,695		460
Total	$	231,066	$	161,081

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Repurchase Agreements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Carrying Value of Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell, and Deposits Paid for Securities Borrowed [Abstract]

Schedule of Company's Repurchase Agreements

The following table presents the carrying value of the Company's repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Repurchase Agreements Secured By:	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Residential loans	$	1,564,545	$	554,259
Investment securities	129,331		—
Total carrying value	$	1,693,876	$	554,259

Schedule of Unencumbered Securities

The following table presents information about the Company's unencumbered securities at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Unencumbered Securities	June 30, 2022
Non-Agency RMBS (1)	$	52,672
CMBS	—
ABS	35,588
Total	$	88,260

(1)Includes IOs in Consolidated SLST with a fair value of $19.7 million as of June 30, 2022.

Schedule of Borrowings Under Financing Arrangements and Assets Pledged as Collateral

The following table presents detailed information about the Company’s financings under these repurchase agreements and associated residential loans pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Aggregate Uncommitted Principal Amount		Outstanding Repurchase Agreements (1)		Net Deferred Finance Costs (2)		Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Loans Pledged		Weighted Average Rate		Weighted Average Months to Maturity (3)
June 30, 2022	$	2,140,048	$	1,566,926	$	(2,381)	$	1,564,545	$	1,887,742	3.81	%	14.51
December 31, 2021	$	1,252,352	$	554,784	$	(525)	$	554,259	$	729,649	2.79	%	4.38

(1)Includes non-mark-to-market repurchase agreements with an aggregate outstanding balance of $755.6 million, a weighted average rate of 4.01%, and weighted average months to maturity of 20.23 months as of June 30, 2022. Includes a non-mark-to-market repurchase agreement with an outstanding balance of $15.6 million, a rate of 4.00%, and months to maturity of 2.03 months as of December 31, 2021.

(2)Costs related to the repurchase agreements, which include commitment, underwriting, legal, accounting and other fees, are reflected as deferred charges. Such costs are presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability on the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and are amortized as an adjustment to interest expense using the effective interest method, or straight line-method, if the result is not materially different.

(3)The Company expects to roll outstanding amounts under these repurchase agreements into new repurchase agreements or other financings, or to repay outstanding amounts, prior to or at maturity.

Schedule of Repurchase Agreements Secured by Investment Securities

The following table presents detailed information about the amounts outstanding under the Company’s repurchase agreements secured by investment securities and associated assets pledged as collateral at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Repurchase Agreements		Fair Value of Collateral Pledged		Amortized Cost of Collateral Pledged
Non-Agency RMBS (1) (2)	$	113,650	$	233,407	$	263,768
CMBS	15,681		30,096		32,600
Balance at end of the period	$	129,331	$	263,503	$	296,368

(1)Includes first loss subordinated securities in Consolidated SLST with a fair value of $188.9 million as of June 30, 2022.

(2)Collateral pledged includes restricted cash posted as margin in the amount of $2.7 million.

Schedule Of Repurchase Agreements, Maturities

The following table presents contractual maturity information about the Company’s outstanding repurchase agreements secured by investment securities at June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Contractual Maturity	June 30, 2022
Within 30 days	$	129,331
Over 30 day to 90 days	—
Over 90 days	—
Total	$	129,331

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Collateralized Debt Obligations (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Mortgages Payable in Consolidated VIEs

The following tables present a summary of the Company's CDOs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	742,601	$	710,233	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	1,112,421		1,107,091		2.77	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,855,022	$	1,817,324

	December 31, 2021
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	814,256	$	839,419	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	686,122		682,802		2.43	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,500,378	$	1,522,221

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding face amount and stated interest rate of notes issued by the securitization and not owned by the Company.

(2)The actual maturity of the Company's CDOs are primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. The CDOs are also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents. As a result, the actual maturity of the CDOs may occur earlier than the stated maturity.

(3)The Company has elected the fair value option for CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST (see Note 14).

The following table presents detailed information for these mortgages payable on real estate as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount		Outstanding Mortgage Balance		Net Deferred Finance Cost		Mortgage Payable, Net		Stated Maturity	Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)
June 30, 2022	$	1,354,367	$	1,272,515	$	(21,456)	$	1,251,059	2024 - 2032	4.00	%
December 31, 2021	745,915		718,717		(9,361)		709,356		2024 - 2031	3.56	%

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding mortgage balance and interest rate as of the date indicated.

Schedule of Maturities of Collateralized Debt Obligations

The Company's collateralized debt obligations as of June 30, 2022 had stated maturities as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Total
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	180,000
2027	225,000
Thereafter	1,450,022
Total	$	1,855,022

As of June 30, 2022, maturities for debt on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,	Outstanding Balance
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	—
Thereafter	453,689
	$	1,417,515

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Debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Interest Expense from Convertible Debt

The following table presents interest expense from the Convertible Notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Contractual interest expense	$	—	$	2,156	$	335	$	4,312
Amortization of underwriter's discount and deferred charges	—		632		103		1,260
Total	$	—	$	2,788	$	438	$	5,572

The following table details the components of the Company's interest income and interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest income
Residential loans
Residential loans	$	32,669	$	20,155	$	57,502	$	39,816
Consolidated SLST	9,254		10,479		18,635		20,797
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	18,853		9,933		35,486		17,901
Total residential loans	60,776		40,567		111,623		78,514
Multi-family loans	2,834		4,130		5,785		8,531
Investment securities available for sale	4,331		7,475		9,006		15,150
Other	79		14		107		30
Total interest income	68,020		52,186		126,521		102,225
Interest expense			.
Repurchase agreements	11,647		3,732		17,178		7,774
Collateralized debt obligations
Consolidated SLST	6,208		7,151		12,186		14,254
Residential loan securitizations	8,728		5,015		16,185		9,735
Non-Agency RMBS re-securitization	—		—		—		283
Total collateralized debt obligations	14,936		12,166		28,371		24,272
Convertible notes	—		2,788		438		5,572
Senior unsecured notes	1,607		1,136		3,210		1,136
Subordinated debentures	550		459		1,008		916
Mortgages payable on real estate	13,151		430		20,308		740
Total interest expense	41,891		20,711		70,513		40,410
Net interest income	$	26,129	$	31,475	$	56,008	$	61,815

Schedule of Debt Instrument Redemption

On and after April 30, 2023, the Company has the right to redeem the Senior Unsecured Notes, in whole or in part, at 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, plus an amount equal to the principal amount of such Senior Unsecured Notes multiplied by a date-dependent multiple as detailed in the following table:

Redemption Period	Multiple
April 30, 2023 - April 29, 2024	2.875	%
April 30, 2024 - April 29, 2025	1.4375	%
April 30, 2025 - April 29, 2026	—

Schedule of Subordinated Borrowing

The following table summarizes the key details of the Company’s subordinated debentures as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

	NYM Preferred Trust I		NYM Preferred Trust II
Principal value of trust preferred securities	$	25,000	$	20,000
Interest rate	Three month LIBOR plus 3.75%, resetting quarterly		Three month LIBOR plus 3.95%, resetting quarterly
Scheduled maturity	March 30, 2035		October 30, 2035

Schedule of Mortgages Payable in Consolidated VIEs

The following tables present a summary of the Company's CDOs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	742,601	$	710,233	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	1,112,421		1,107,091		2.77	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,855,022	$	1,817,324

	December 31, 2021
	Outstanding Face Amount		Carrying Value		Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)		Stated Maturity (2)
Consolidated SLST (3)	$	814,256	$	839,419	2.75	%	2059
Residential loan securitizations	686,122		682,802		2.43	%	2026 - 2061
Total collateralized debt obligations	$	1,500,378	$	1,522,221

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding face amount and stated interest rate of notes issued by the securitization and not owned by the Company.

(2)The actual maturity of the Company's CDOs are primarily determined by the rate of principal prepayments on the assets of the issuing entity. The CDOs are also subject to redemption prior to the stated maturity according to the terms of the respective governing documents. As a result, the actual maturity of the CDOs may occur earlier than the stated maturity.

(3)The Company has elected the fair value option for CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST (see Note 14).

The following table presents detailed information for these mortgages payable on real estate as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount		Outstanding Mortgage Balance		Net Deferred Finance Cost		Mortgage Payable, Net		Stated Maturity	Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)
June 30, 2022	$	1,354,367	$	1,272,515	$	(21,456)	$	1,251,059	2024 - 2032	4.00	%
December 31, 2021	745,915		718,717		(9,361)		709,356		2024 - 2031	3.56	%

(1)Weighted average interest rate is calculated using the outstanding mortgage balance and interest rate as of the date indicated.

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt

The Company's collateralized debt obligations as of June 30, 2022 had stated maturities as follows:

Year ending December 31,	Total
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	180,000
2027	225,000
Thereafter	1,450,022
Total	$	1,855,022

As of June 30, 2022, maturities for debt on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,	Outstanding Balance
2022	$	—
2023	—
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	—
Thereafter	453,689
	$	1,417,515

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis at
	June 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans:
Residential loans	$	—	$	—	$	2,193,319	$	2,193,319	$	—	$	—	$	1,703,290	$	1,703,290
Consolidated SLST	—		—		920,778		920,778		—		—		1,070,882		1,070,882
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	—		—		1,215,095		1,215,095		—		—		801,429		801,429
Multi-family loans	—		—		106,825		106,825		—		—		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale:
Non-Agency RMBS	—		74,822		—		74,822		—		128,019		—		128,019
CMBS	—		30,096		—		30,096		—		33,146		—		33,146
ABS	—		35,588		—		35,588		—		39,679		—		39,679
Equity investments	—		—		223,651		223,651		—		—		239,631		239,631
Total	$	—	$	140,506	$	4,659,668	$	4,800,174	$	—	$	200,844	$	3,935,253	$	4,136,097
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	$	—	$	—	$	710,233	$	710,233	$	—	$	—	$	839,419	$	839,419
Total	$	—	$	—	$	710,233	$	710,233	$	—	$	—	$	839,419	$	839,419

Schedule of Changes in Valuation of Level 3 Assets

The following tables detail changes in valuation for the Level 3 assets for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Level 3 Assets:

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Residential loans
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Multi-family loans		Equity investments		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,703,290	$	1,070,882	$	801,429	$	120,021	$	239,631	$	3,935,253
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(52,976)		(79,292)		(65,935)		6,298		15,633		(176,272)
Transfers out (1)	(875)		—		(980)		—		—		(1,855)
Transfer to securitization trust, net (2)	(676,560)		—		676,560		—		—		—
Funding/Contributions	—		—		—		—		19,191		19,191
Paydowns/Distributions	(293,564)		(70,812)		(237,712)		(19,494)		(50,804)		(672,386)
Sales	—		—		—		—		—		—
Purchases	1,514,004		—		41,733		—		—		1,555,737
Balance at the end of period	$	2,193,319	$	920,778	$	1,215,095	$	106,825	$	223,651	$	4,659,668

(1)Transfers out of Level 3 assets represents the transfer of residential loans to real estate owned.

(2)During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company completed two securitizations of certain performing, re-performing and business purpose loans (see Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's residential loan securitizations).

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Residential loans
	Residential loans		Consolidated SLST		Residential loans held in securitization trusts		Multi-family loans		Equity investments		Total
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,090,930	$	1,266,785	$	691,451	$	163,593	$	259,095	$	3,471,854
Total gains/(losses) (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	14,494		(21,788)		21,105		10,853		14,006		38,670
Transfers out (1)	(1,259)		—		(1,415)		—		—		(2,674)
Transfer to securitization trust, net (2)	(160,623)		—		160,623		—		—		—
Funding/Contributions	—		—		—		—		320		320
Paydowns/Distributions	(306,209)		(68,458)		(70,025)		(47,727)		(68,724)		(561,143)
Sales	(15,568)		—		(2,376)		—		—		(17,944)
Purchases	605,076		—		—		—		—		605,076
Balance at the end of period	$	1,226,841	$	1,176,539	$	799,363	$	126,719	$	204,697	$	3,534,159

(1)Transfers out of Level 3 assets represents the transfer of residential loans to real estate owned.

(2)During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company completed a securitization of certain business purpose loans (see Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's residential loan securitizations).

Schedule of Changes in Valuation of Level 3 Liabilities

The following table details changes in valuation for the Level 3 liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

Level 3 Liabilities:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021
	Consolidated SLST CDOs
Balance at beginning of period	$	839,419	$	1,054,335
Total gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(57,532)		(37,931)
Paydowns	(71,654)		(68,314)
Balance at the end of period	$	710,233	$	948,090

Schedule of Quantitative Information Regarding Significant and Unobservable Inputs used in Valuation of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

The following table discloses quantitative information regarding the significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of our Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value (dollar amounts in thousands, except input values):

June 30, 2022	Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Weighted Average	Range
Assets
Residential loans:
Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts (1)	$3,318,357	Discounted cash flow	Lifetime CPR	4.8%	—	-	46.2%
			Lifetime CDR	0.4%	—	-	21.5%
			Loss severity	6.7%	—	-	96.5%
			Yield	6.0%	4.6%	-	64.9%
	$90,057	Liquidation model	Annual home price appreciation	1.0%	—	-	27.8%
			Liquidation timeline (months)	26	9	-	50
			Property value	$801,412	$17,000	-	$4,300,000
			Yield	7.8%	7.5%	-	29.6%
Consolidated SLST (3)	$920,778		Liability price	N/A
Total	$4,329,192
Multi-family loans (1)	$106,825	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	11.3%	10.0%	-	19.5%
			Months to assumed redemption	36	3	-	57
			Loss severity	—
Equity investments (1) (2)	$189,773	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	12.5%	11.0%	-	15.4%
			Months to assumed redemption	24	1	-	51
			Loss severity	—
Liabilities
Consolidated SLST CDOs (3) (4)	$710,233	Discounted cash flow	Yield	4.6%	3.7%	-	10.0%
			Collateral prepayment rate	8.0%	3.0%	-	9.7%
			Collateral default rate	1.7%	—	-	9.4%
			Loss severity	16.6%	—	-	19.5%

(1)Weighted average amounts are calculated based on the weighted average fair value of the assets.

(2)Equity investments does not include equity ownership interests in entities that invest in or originate residential properties and loans. The fair value of these investments is determined using weighted multiples of origination volume and earnings before taxes, depreciation and amortization of the entity or the net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient.

(3)In accordance with the practical expedient in ASC 810, the Company determines the fair value of the residential loans held in Consolidated SLST based on the fair value of the CDOs issued by Consolidated SLST, including investment securities we own, as the fair value of these instruments is more observable. At June 30, 2022, the fair value of investment securities we own in Consolidated SLST amounts to $208.6 million.

(4)Weighted average yield calculated based on the weighted average fair value of the liabilities. Weighted average collateral prepayment rate, weighted average collateral default rate, and weighted average loss severity are calculated based on the weighted average unpaid balance of the liabilities.

Schedule of Changes in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings for Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

The following table details the changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for our Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Assets
Residential loans:
Residential loans (1)	$	(29,826)	$	3,752	$	(55,058)	$	12,192
Consolidated SLST (1)	(10,798)		6,471		(77,443)		(18,872)
Residential loans held in securitization trusts (1)	(33,262)		6,030		(64,729)		18,611
Multi-family loans (1)	181		460		358		665
Equity investments (2)	3,139		805		3,593		927
Liabilities
Consolidated SLST CDOs (1)	6,523		3,322		57,889		37,890

(1)Presented in unrealized gains (losses), net on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(2)Presented in income from equity investments on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Schedule of Carrying Value and Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table summarizes the aggregate estimated fair value of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests associated with the initial consolidation of the joint venture entities and real estate acquisitions by a Consolidated VIE during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cash	$	1,474	$	973	$	8,576	$	2,723
Operating real estate (1)	202,220		42,050		730,988		73,513
Lease intangibles (2)	14,431		3,320		41,892		4,964
Other assets	2,706		3,851		8,836		5,695
Total assets	220,831		50,194		790,292		86,895
Mortgages payable on real estate, net	156,494		36,057		566,250		61,831
Other liabilities	1,482		652		4,662		797
Total liabilities	157,976		36,709		570,912		62,628
Non-controlling interest (3)	5,805		1,335		16,293		1,874
Net assets consolidated	$	57,050	$	12,150	$	203,087	$	22,393

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of June 30, 2022 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	38,233	$	38,233
Residential loans, at fair value	1,215,095		920,778		—		2,135,873
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		1,649,472		1,649,472
Other assets	77,630		3,314		48,087		129,031
Total assets	$	1,292,725	$	924,092	$	1,735,792	$	3,952,609
Collateralized debt obligations ($1,107,091 at amortized cost, net and $710,233 at fair value)	$	1,107,091	$	710,233	$	—	$	1,817,324
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		1,251,059		1,251,059
Other liabilities	43,477		3,859		25,755		73,091
Total liabilities	$	1,150,568	$	714,092	$	1,276,814	$	3,141,474
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	37,101	$	37,101
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	34,080	$	34,080
Net investment (5)	$	142,157	$	210,000	$	387,797	$	739,954

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

The following table presents a summary of the assets, liabilities and non-controlling interests of the Company's residential loan securitizations, Consolidated SLST and Consolidated Real Estate VIEs as of December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands). Intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.

	Financing VIEs		Other VIEs
	Residential Loan Securitizations		Consolidated SLST		Consolidated Real Estate		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	—	$	—	$	29,606	$	29,606
Residential loans, at fair value	801,429		1,070,882		—		1,872,311
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs (1)	—		—		927,725		927,725
Other assets	36,767		3,547		70,557		110,871
Total assets	$	838,196	$	1,074,429	$	1,027,888	$	2,940,513
Collateralized debt obligations ($682,802 at amortized cost, net and $839,419 at fair value)	$	682,802	$	839,419	$	—	$	1,522,221
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs (2)	—		—		672,568		672,568
Other liabilities	20,156		3,193		17,527		40,876
Total liabilities	$	702,958	$	842,612	$	690,095	$	2,235,665
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (3)	$	—	$	—	$	66,392	$	66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs (4)	$	—	$	—	$	24,359	$	24,359
Net investment (5)	$	135,238	$	231,817	$	247,042	$	614,097

(1)Included in real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in mortgages payable on real estate, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Represents redeemable third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs. See Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated VIEs below.

(4)Represents third-party ownership of membership interests in Consolidated Real Estate VIEs.

(5)The net investment amount is the maximum amount of the Company's investment that is at risk to loss and represents the difference between total assets and total liabilities held by VIEs, less non-controlling interests, if any.

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

		June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	407,104	$	407,104	$	289,602	$	289,602
Residential loans	Level 3	4,329,192		4,329,192		3,575,601		3,575,601
Multi-family loans	Level 3	106,825		106,825		120,021		120,021
Investment securities available for sale	Level 2	140,506		140,506		200,844		200,844
Equity investments	Level 3	223,651		223,651		239,631		239,631
Financial Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	Level 2	1,693,876		1,693,876		554,259		554,259
Collateralized debt obligations:
Residential loan securitizations at amortized cost, net	Level 3	1,107,091		1,050,939		682,802		686,027
Consolidated SLST	Level 3	710,233		710,233		839,419		839,419
Subordinated debentures	Level 3	45,000		38,674		45,000		44,388
Convertible notes	Level 2	—		—		137,898		138,011
Senior unsecured notes	Level 2	97,039		89,489		96,704		102,215
Mortgages payable on real estate	Level 3	1,251,059		1,227,040		709,356		712,112

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Preferred Stock Issued and Outstanding

The following tables summarize the Company’s Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollar amounts in thousands):

June 30, 2022

Class of Preferred Stock	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued and Outstanding	Carrying Value		Liquidation Preference		Contractual Rate (1)		Optional Redemption Date (2)	Fixed-to-Floating Rate Conversion Date (1)(3)	Floating Annual Rate (4)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate
Series D	8,400,000	6,123,495	$	148,134	$	153,087	8.000	%	October 15, 2027	October 15, 2027	3M LIBOR + 5.695%
Series E	9,900,000	7,411,499	179,349		185,288		7.875	%	January 15, 2025	January 15, 2025	3M LIBOR + 6.429%
Series F	7,750,000	5,750,000	138,650		143,750		6.875	%	October 15, 2026	October 15, 2026	3M SOFR + 6.130%
Fixed Rate
Series G	5,450,000	3,000,000	72,088		75,000		7.000	%	January 15, 2027
Total	31,500,000	22,284,994	$	538,221	$	557,125

December 31, 2021

Class of Preferred Stock	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued and Outstanding	Carrying Value		Liquidation Preference		Contractual Rate (1)		Optional Redemption Date (2)	Fixed-to-Floating Rate Conversion Date (1)(3)	Floating Annual Rate (4)
Fixed-to-Floating Rate
Series D	8,400,000	6,123,495	$	148,134	$	153,087	8.000	%	October 15, 2027	October 15, 2027	3M LIBOR + 5.695%
Series E	9,900,000	7,411,499	179,349		185,288		7.875	%	January 15, 2025	January 15, 2025	3M LIBOR + 6.429%
Series F	7,750,000	5,750,000	138,650		143,750		6.875	%	October 15, 2026	October 15, 2026	3M SOFR + 6.130%
Fixed Rate
Series G	3,450,000	3,000,000	72,088		75,000		7.000	%	January 15, 2027
Total	29,500,000	22,284,994	$	538,221	$	557,125

(1)Each series of fixed rate preferred stock is entitled to receive a dividend at the contractual rate shown, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference. Each series of fixed-to-floating rate preferred stock is entitled to receive a dividend at the contractual rate shown, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference up to, but excluding, the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date.

(2)Each series of Preferred Stock is not redeemable by the Company prior to the respective optional redemption date disclosed except under circumstances intended to preserve the Company’s qualification as a REIT and except upon occurrence of a Change in Control (as defined in the Articles Supplementary designating the Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and Series G Preferred Stock, respectively).

(3)Beginning on the respective fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, each of the Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend on a floating rate basis according to the terms disclosed in footnote (4) below.

(4)On and after the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, each of the Series D Preferred Stock and Series E Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus the respective spread disclosed above per year on its $25 liquidation preference. On and after the fixed-to-floating rate conversion date, the Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month SOFR plus the spread disclosed above per year on its $25 liquidation preference.

Schedule of Dividends Declared

The following table presents the relevant information with respect to quarterly cash dividends declared on the Preferred Stock commencing January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022:

			Cash Dividend Per Share
Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Series B Preferred Stock (1)		Series C Preferred Stock(1)		Series D Preferred Stock		Series E Preferred Stock		Series F Preferred Stock			Series G Preferred Stock
June 17, 2022	July 1, 2022	July 15, 2022	$	—	$	—	$	0.50	$	0.4921875	$	0.4296875		$	0.43750
March 14, 2022	April 1, 2022	April 15, 2022	—		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4296875			0.43750
December 13, 2021	January 1, 2022	January 15, 2022	—		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4296875			0.24792		(2)
September 13, 2021	October 1, 2021	October 15, 2021	0.484375		—		0.50		0.4921875		0.4679000		(3)	—
June 14, 2021	July 1, 2021	July 15, 2021	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50		0.4921875		—			—
March 15, 2021	April 1, 2021	April 15, 2021	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50		0.4921875		—			—

(1)The Company redeemed all outstanding shares of its Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock in December 2021 and July 2021, respectively.

(2)Cash dividend for the short initial dividend period that began on November 24, 2021 and ended January 14, 2022.

(3)Cash dividend for the long initial dividend period that began on July 7, 2021 and ended on October 14, 2021.

The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company on its common stock with respect to the quarterly periods commencing January 1, 2021 and ended June 30, 2022:

Period	Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Cash Dividend Per Share
Second Quarter 2022	June 17, 2022	June 27, 2022	July 25, 2022	$	0.10
First Quarter 2022	March 14, 2022	March 24, 2022	April 25, 2022	0.10
Fourth Quarter 2021	December 13, 2021	December 27, 2021	January 25, 2022	0.10
Third Quarter 2021	September 13, 2021	September 23, 2021	October 25, 2021	0.10
Second Quarter 2021	June 14, 2021	June 24, 2021	July 26, 2021	0.10
First Quarter 2021	March 15, 2021	March 25, 2021	April 26, 2021	0.10

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(Loss) Earnings Per Common Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Computation of Basic and Dilutive Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common share for the periods indicated (dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(71,896)	$	53,240	$	(145,746)	$	105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$	(71,896)	$	53,240	$	(145,746)	$	105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)		(10,296)		(20,986)		(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$	(82,389)	$	42,944	$	(166,732)	$	84,855
Weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		379,299		380,999		379,091
Net effect of assumed PSUs vested	—		2,003		—		1,931
Net effect of assumed RSUs vested	—		215		—		145
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	381,200		381,517		380,999		381,167
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share	$	(0.22)	$	0.11	$	(0.44)	$	0.22

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Stock Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Nonvested Restricted Stock Activity

A summary of the activity of the Company's non-vested restricted stock under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested shares as of January 1	1,909,107	$	5.05	1,603,766	$	6.27
Granted	1,217,671	3.59		939,446	3.82
Vested	(884,959)	5.49		(621,438)	5.41
Forfeited	(59,834)	3.96		(19,430)	3.26
Non-vested shares as of June 30	2,181,985	$	4.08	1,902,344	$	5.09
Restricted stock granted during the period	1,217,671	$	3.59	939,446	$	3.82

(1)The grant date fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

Schedule of PSU Award Activity

A summary of the activity of the target PSU awards under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Target Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Target Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested target PSUs as of January 1	3,376,740	$	5.43	2,902,014	$	4.98
Granted	844,534	4.87		1,631,661	5.56
Vested	(1,074,918)	4.00		(842,792)	4.20
Non-vested target PSUs as of June 30	3,146,356	$	5.76	3,690,883	$	5.41

(1)The grant date fair value of the PSUs was determined through a Monte-Carlo simulation of the Company’s common stock total shareholder return and the common stock total shareholder return of its identified performance peer companies to determine the Relative TSR of the Company’s common stock over a future period of three years.

Schedule of RSU Award Activity

A summary of the activity of the RSU awards under the 2017 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is presented below:

	2022			2021
	Number of Non-vested Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)		Number of Non-vested Shares	Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value (1)
Non-vested RSUs as of January 1	1,016,252	$	4.36	441,746	$	6.23
Granted	422,267	3.72		815,830	3.69
Vested	(383,639)	4.58		(147,254)	6.23
Non-vested RSUs as of June 30	1,054,880	$	4.03	1,110,322	$	4.36

(1)The grant date fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date.

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Income Taxes (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Provision

The income tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, is comprised of the following components (dollar amounts in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Current income tax expense	$	166	$	58	$	231	$	271
Deferred income tax benefit	(76)		(43)		(164)		(190)
Total income tax provision	$	90	$	15	$	67	$	81

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The major sources of temporary differences included in the deferred tax assets (liabilities) and their deferred tax effect as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforward	$	2,927	$	3,615
Capital loss carryover	7,654		7,549
GAAP/Tax basis differences	2,124		254
Total deferred tax assets (1)	12,705		11,418
Deferred tax liabilities
GAAP/Tax basis differences	5,558		6,681
Total deferred tax liabilities (2)	5,558		6,681
Valuation allowance (1)	(7,381)		(5,136)
Total net deferred tax liability	$	(234)	$	(399)

(1)Included in other assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Included in other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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Net Interest Income (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Banking and Thrift, Interest [Abstract]

Components of Interest Income and Interest Expense

The following table presents interest expense from the Convertible Notes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Contractual interest expense	$	—	$	2,156	$	335	$	4,312
Amortization of underwriter's discount and deferred charges	—		632		103		1,260
Total	$	—	$	2,788	$	438	$	5,572

The following table details the components of the Company's interest income and interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,				For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest income
Residential loans
Residential loans	$	32,669	$	20,155	$	57,502	$	39,816
Consolidated SLST	9,254		10,479		18,635		20,797
Residential loans held in securitization trusts	18,853		9,933		35,486		17,901
Total residential loans	60,776		40,567		111,623		78,514
Multi-family loans	2,834		4,130		5,785		8,531
Investment securities available for sale	4,331		7,475		9,006		15,150
Other	79		14		107		30
Total interest income	68,020		52,186		126,521		102,225
Interest expense			.
Repurchase agreements	11,647		3,732		17,178		7,774
Collateralized debt obligations
Consolidated SLST	6,208		7,151		12,186		14,254
Residential loan securitizations	8,728		5,015		16,185		9,735
Non-Agency RMBS re-securitization	—		—		—		283
Total collateralized debt obligations	14,936		12,166		28,371		24,272
Convertible notes	—		2,788		438		5,572
Senior unsecured notes	1,607		1,136		3,210		1,136
Subordinated debentures	550		459		1,008		916
Mortgages payable on real estate	13,151		430		20,308		740
Total interest expense	41,891		20,711		70,513		40,410
Net interest income	$	26,129	$	31,475	$	56,008	$	61,815

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value - Schedule of Residential Loans at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Principal	$ 4,494,914	$ 3,529,804
(Discount)/premium	(90,083)	(84,265)
Unrealized (losses) gains	(75,639)	130,062
Carrying value	4,329,192	3,575,601
Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Principal	1,000,120	1,071,228
(Discount)/premium	(4,551)	(2,998)
Unrealized (losses) gains	(74,791)	2,652
Carrying value	920,778	1,070,882
Residential loans
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Principal	2,262,439	1,682,138
(Discount)/premium	(34,778)	(44,256)
Unrealized (losses) gains	(34,342)	65,408
Carrying value	2,193,319	1,703,290
Residential loans held in securitization trusts
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Principal	1,232,355	776,438
(Discount)/premium	(50,754)	(37,011)
Unrealized (losses) gains	33,494	62,002
Carrying value	$ 1,215,095	$ 801,429

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value - Components of Net Gain (Loss) on Residential Mortgages (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$ (10,798)	$ 6,471	$ (77,443)	$ (18,872)
Residential loans
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(30,078)	1,009	(55,602)	7,435
Residential loans held in securitization trusts
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$ (34,883)	$ 4,893	$ (72,657)	$ 17,143

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Net realized gain on payoff of residential loans	$ 3,200,000	$ 4,900,000	$ 7,100,000	$ 8,300,000
Realized gain on sale of residential loans	0	$ 300,000	0	$ 500,000
Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Residential loans | 90 days or greater delinquent
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Principal amount of delinquent loans	$ 138,600,000		$ 138,600,000		$ 135,900,000

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value - Concentration of Risk (Details) - Geographic Concentration Risk	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Residential loans | California
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	21.90%	21.70%
Residential loans | Florida
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	11.20%	10.40%
Residential loans | New York
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	8.80%	8.80%
Residential loans | Texas
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	7.50%	7.40%
Residential loans | New Jersey
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	6.90%	5.90%
Residential loans | Washington
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	5.40%	4.40%
Residential loans | Illinois
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	2.90%	2.70%
Residential loans | Massachusetts
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	2.40%	4.60%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | California
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	10.50%	10.50%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Florida
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	10.40%	10.50%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | New York
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	9.70%	9.80%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Texas
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	4.00%	4.00%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | New Jersey
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	7.50%	7.30%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Washington
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	1.80%	1.90%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Illinois
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	7.20%	7.10%
Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Massachusetts
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	2.70%	2.70%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | California
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	23.80%	22.00%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | Florida
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	10.10%	8.90%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | New York
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	7.50%	9.20%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | Texas
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	5.40%	4.30%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | New Jersey
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	4.70%	6.40%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | Washington
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	3.20%	3.20%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | Illinois
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	2.40%	2.30%
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | Massachusetts
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	7.50%	5.60%

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Residential Loans, at Fair Value - Differences Between Fair Value and Aggregate Unpaid Principal (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Fair Value	$ 4,329,192	$ 3,575,601
Residential loans
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Fair Value	2,193,319	1,703,290
Residential loans | Greater than 90 days past due
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Fair Value	115,696	92,990
Unpaid Principal Balance	123,559	102,981
Residential loans | Less than 90 days past due
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Fair Value	10,588	17,102
Unpaid Principal Balance	$ 11,219	$ 17,716

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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value - Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments (Details) - Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
SEC Schedule, 12-29, Real Estate Companies, Investment in Mortgage Loans on Real Estate [Line Items]
Investment amount	$ 105,399	$ 118,307
Deferred loan fees, net	(517)	(672)
Unrealized gains, net	1,943	2,386
Total, at Fair Value	$ 106,825	$ 120,021

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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Receivables [Abstract]
Unrealized gains (losses)	$ 11,900	$ 200,000	$ (400,000)	$ 300,000
Loan premiums, early redemption	$ 200,000	$ 1,500,000	$ 1,000,000	$ 2,000,000

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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value - Unpaid Principal Balance (Details) - 90 Days or greater past due - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Fair Value	$ 4,370	$ 3,972
Unpaid Principal Balance	$ 3,363	$ 3,363

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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value - Geographic Concentration Risk (Details) - Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments - Geographic Concentration Risk	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Texas
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	25.10%	28.30%
Florida
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	13.90%	12.20%
Tennessee
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	12.70%	11.00%
Georgia
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	8.50%	7.40%
Ohio
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	8.10%	7.20%
Louisiana
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	6.30%	5.80%
Alabama
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	5.80%	5.00%
North Carolina
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Geographic concentration, percent	5.00%	7.00%

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value - Schedule of Investment Securities Available for Sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Option
Amortized Cost	$ 102,278	$ 154,581
Unrealized Gains	23,226	19,517
Unrealized Losses	(9,580)	(2,774)
Fair Value	115,924	171,324
CECL Securities
Amortized Cost	25,526	27,743
Unrealized Gains	0	1,787
Unrealized Losses	(944)	(10)
Fair Value	24,582	29,520
Total CECL Securities and Fair Value Option
Amortized Cost	127,804	182,324
Unrealized Gains	23,226	21,304
Unrealized Losses	(10,524)	(2,784)
Fair Value	140,506	200,844
Non-Agency RMBS
Fair Value Option
Amortized Cost	50,307	100,186
Unrealized Gains	7,009	949
Unrealized Losses	(7,076)	(2,636)
Fair Value	50,240	98,499
CECL Securities
Amortized Cost	25,526	27,743
Unrealized Gains	0	1,787
Unrealized Losses	(944)	(10)
Fair Value	24,582	29,520
CMBS
Fair Value Option
Amortized Cost	32,600	32,600
Unrealized Gains	0	684
Unrealized Losses	(2,504)	(138)
Fair Value	30,096	33,146
ABS
Fair Value Option
Amortized Cost	19,371	21,795
Unrealized Gains	16,217	17,884
Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	$ 35,588	$ 39,679

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Accrued interest receivable	$ 38,136,000		$ 38,136,000		$ 26,688,000
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments	1,500,000	$ 8,000,000	3,100,000	$ 6,100,000
Sales Proceeds	0	3,770,000	$ 24,374,000	115,398,000
Contractual maturities (up to)			37 years
Weighted average life of available for sale securities portfolio			6 years		5 years 9 months 18 days
Allowance for credit loss	0		$ 0		$ 0
Debt securities, allowance for credit loss, period increase (decrease)	0	$ 0	0	$ 0
Available-for-sale Securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Accrued interest receivable	$ 400,000		$ 400,000		$ 700,000

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value - Proceeds from Sale (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Sales Proceeds	$ 0	$ 3,770,000	$ 24,374,000	$ 115,398,000
Realized Gains		392,000	374,000	5,599,000
Realized Losses		0	0	(833,000)
Net Realized Gains (Losses)		392,000	374,000	4,766,000
CMBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Sales Proceeds		3,770,000		43,315,000
Realized Gains		392,000		5,587,000
Realized Losses		0		0
Net Realized Gains (Losses)		$ 392,000		5,587,000
Non-Agency RMBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Sales Proceeds			24,374,000	72,083,000
Realized Gains			374,000	12,000
Realized Losses			0	(833,000)
Net Realized Gains (Losses)			$ 374,000	$ (821,000)

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value - Weighted Average Lives for Available-for-Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
0 to 5 years	$ 68,455	$ 144,266
Over 5 to 10 years	58,419	39,306
10+ years	13,632	17,272
Total	$ 140,506	$ 200,844

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Investment Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value - Schedule of Investment Securities Available for Sale in Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, Carrying Value	$ 24,540	$ 2,300
Less Than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses	(938)	(3)
Greater Than 12 months, Carrying Value	42	48
Greater Than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses	(6)	(7)
Total, Carrying Value	24,582	2,348
Total Gross Unrealized Losses	(944)	(10)
Non-Agency RMBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, Carrying Value	24,540	2,300
Less Than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses	(938)	(3)
Greater Than 12 months, Carrying Value	42	48
Greater Than 12 months, Gross Unrealized Losses	(6)	(7)
Total, Carrying Value	24,582	2,348
Total Gross Unrealized Losses	$ (944)	$ (10)

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Equity Investments, at Fair Value - Schedule of Equity Investments Accounted under the Equity Method (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity investments	$ 178,783	$ 178,783	$ 180,798
Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity investments	10,990	10,990	10,440
Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity investments	33,878	33,878	48,393
Equity investments | Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity investments	$ 223,651	$ 223,651	$ 239,631
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	45.00%	45.00%	45.00%
Equity investments	$ 20,586	$ 20,586	$ 19,965
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively) | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	43.00%	43.00%	43.00%
Equity investments	$ 6,047	$ 6,047	$ 5,725
1122 Chicago DE, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	53.00%	53.00%	53.00%
Equity investments	$ 7,998	$ 7,998	$ 7,723
Bighaus, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	42.00%	42.00%	42.00%
Equity investments	$ 15,987	$ 15,987	$ 15,471
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	51.00%	51.00%	51.00%
Equity investments	$ 26,403	$ 26,403	$ 25,499
Lurin-RMI, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	38.00%	38.00%	38.00%
Equity investments	$ 10,985	$ 10,985	$ 9,548
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	34.00%	34.00%	34.00%
Equity investments	$ 5,338	$ 5,338	$ 5,175
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	62.00%	62.00%	62.00%
Equity investments	$ 30,367	$ 30,367	$ 30,383
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	57.00%	57.00%	57.00%
Equity investments	$ 17,814	$ 17,814	$ 17,213
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	70.00%	70.00%	70.00%
Equity investments	$ 17,271	$ 17,271	$ 16,597
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	58.00%	58.00%	0.00%
Equity investments	$ 19,987	$ 19,987	$ 0
DCP Gold Creek, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	0.00%	0.00%	44.00%
Equity investments	$ 0	$ 0	$ 6,686
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	0.00%	0.00%	56.00%
Equity investments	$ 0	$ 0	$ 11,331
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C. | Equity investments | Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	0.00%	0.00%	36.00%
Equity investments	$ 0	$ 0	$ 9,482
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC | Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	70.00%	70.00%	70.00%
Equity investments	$ 3,982	$ 3,982	$ 3,770
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC | Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	70.00%	70.00%	70.00%
Equity investments	$ 7,008	$ 7,008	$ 6,670
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP | Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	11.00%	11.00%	11.00%
Equity investments	$ 2,878	$ 2,878	$ 19,143
Constructive Loans, LLC | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Purchase of residential loans	$ 82,100	$ 252,300
Constructive Loans, LLC | Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership Interest	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Equity investments	$ 31,000	$ 31,000	$ 29,250
Option to purchase issued and outstanding interests, percentage	50.00%	50.00%

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Equity Investments, at Fair Value - Schedule of Income From Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests (Details) - Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests - Equity investments - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	$ 6,029	$ 6,336	$ 11,804	$ 11,835
Somerset Deerfield Investor, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	596	675	1,183	1,141
RS SWD Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mitchell Owner, LLC, RS SWD IF Owner, LLC, RS SWD Mullis Owner, LLC, RS SWD JH Mullis Owner, LLC and RS SWD Saltzman Owner, LLC (collectively)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	163	174	322	298
DCP Gold Creek, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	(599)	197	254	400
1122 Chicago DE, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	241	225	478	446
Bighaus, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	472	443	937	879
FF/RMI 20 Midtown, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	812	758	1,610	1,504
Lurin-RMI, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	1,520	235	1,800	470
Palms at Cape Coral, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	158	0	313	0
America Walks at Port St. Lucie, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	902	0	1,804	0
EHOF-NYMT Sunset Apartments Preferred, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	559	0	1,108	0
Lucie at Tradition Holdings, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	614	0	1,215	0
Syracuse Apartments and Townhomes, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	591	0	1,107	0
Rigsbee Ave Holdings, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	896	(174)	1,215
Walnut Creek Properties Holdings, L.L.C.
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	263	(153)	541
BBA-EP320 II, L.L.C., BBA-Ten10 II, L.L.C., and Lexington on the Green Apartments, L.L.C. (collectively)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	357	0	704
Audubon Mezzanine Holdings, L.L.C. (Series A)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	357	0	721
EP 320 Growth Fund, L.L.C. (Series A) and Turnbury Park Apartments - BC, L.L.C. (Series A) (collectively)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	240	0	419
Towers Property Holdings, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	361	0	740
Mansions Property Holdings, LLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	348	0	713
Sabina Montgomery Holdings, LLC - Series B and Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series A (collectively)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	131	0	266
Gen1814, LLC - Series A, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series A, and Polos at Hudson Investments, LLC - Series A (collectively)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	302	0	616
Axis Apartments Holdings, LLC, Arbor-Stratford Holdings II, LLC - Series B, Highlands - Mtg. Holdings, LLC - Series B, Oakley Shoals Apartments, LLC - Series C, and Woodland Park Apartments II, LLC (collectively)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	$ 0	$ 374	$ 0	$ 762

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Equity Investments, at Fair Value - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Income from equity investments	$ 8,100,000	$ 10,607,000	$ 14,153,000	$ 14,006,000
Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Income from equity investments	300,000	800,000	400,000	900,000
Multi-Family Preferred Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Other income	$ 700,000	$ 0	$ 1,500,000	$ 0

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Equity Investments, at Fair Value - Schedule of Income (Loss) From Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	$ (67,694)	$ 23,854	$ (151,353)	$ 50,020
Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	1,772	4,271	1,800	2,171
Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	299	0	549	0
Morrocroft Neighborhood Stabilization Fund II, LP | Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	22	998	50	2,186
Constructive Loans, LLC | Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	1,750	0	1,750	0
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	1,800		1,800
Headlands Asset Management Fund III (Cayman), LP (Headlands Flagship Opportunity Fund Series I) | Equity investments | Single-Family Equity Ownership Interests
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	0	3,273	0	(15)
Headlands Asset Management Fund III (Cayman), LP (Headlands Flagship Opportunity Fund Series I) | Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	300		500
GWR Cedars Partners, LLC | Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	111	0	211	0
GWR Gateway Partners, LLC | Equity investments | Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Change in fair value, gain (loss)	$ 188	$ 0	$ 338	$ 0

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) multi-familyApartmentCommunity	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Principal balance	$ 14.7
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated Real Estate
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Number of properties purchased | multi-familyApartmentCommunity	2
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated SLST
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Investment in Consolidated SLST limited to securities owned, net carrying value	$ 208.6	$ 230.3

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) - Fair Value of the Assets, Liabilities and Non-controlling Interests Consolidated During Period (Details) - VIE, Primary Beneficiary - Consolidated Real Estate - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash	$ 1,474	$ 973	$ 8,576	$ 2,723
Operating real estate	202,220	42,050	730,988	73,513
Lease intangible	14,431	3,320	41,892	4,964
Other assets	2,706	3,851	8,836	5,695
Total Assets	220,831	50,194	790,292	86,895
Mortgages payable on real estate, net	156,494	36,057	566,250	61,831
Other liabilities	1,482	652	4,662	797
Total Liabilities	157,976	36,709	570,912	62,628
Non-controlling interest in consolidated variable interest entities	5,805	1,335	16,293	1,874
Net assets consolidated	$ 57,050	$ 12,150	$ 203,087	$ 22,393

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) - Assets and Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 407,104		$ 289,602	$ 324,927
Other assets		299,938		215,019
Total Assets	[1]	7,299,536		5,658,301
Other liabilities		231,066		161,081
Total liabilities	[1]	5,135,364		3,226,519
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		34,080		24,359
Residential collateralized debt obligations
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		1,107,091		682,802
Consolidated SLST CDOs
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		710,233		839,419
VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total Assets		3,952,609		2,940,513
Total liabilities		3,141,474		2,235,665
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		37,101	$ 53,361	66,392
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Residential collateralized debt obligations
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		1,107,091		682,802
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated SLST CDOs
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		710,233		839,419
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Financing And Other VIEs
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		38,233		29,606
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs		1,649,472		927,725
Other assets		129,031		110,871
Total Assets		3,952,609		2,940,513
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		1,817,324		1,522,221
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs		1,251,059		672,568
Other liabilities		73,091		40,876
Total liabilities		3,141,474		2,235,665
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		37,101		66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		34,080		24,359
Net investment		739,954		614,097
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Financing And Other VIEs | Residential loans, at fair value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Residential loans, at fair value		2,135,873		1,872,311
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Residential Loan Securitizations
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		0		0
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Other assets		77,630		36,767
Total Assets		1,292,725		838,196
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		1,107,091		682,802
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Other liabilities		43,477		20,156
Total liabilities		1,150,568		702,958
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Net investment		142,157		135,238
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Residential Loan Securitizations | Residential loans, at fair value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Residential loans, at fair value		1,215,095		801,429
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated SLST
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		0		0
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Other assets		3,314		3,547
Total Assets		924,092		1,074,429
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		710,233		839,419
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Other liabilities		3,859		3,193
Total liabilities		714,092		842,612
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		0		0
Net investment		210,000		231,817
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated SLST | Residential loans, at fair value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Residential loans, at fair value		920,778		1,070,882
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated Real Estate
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		38,233		29,606
Real estate, net held in Consolidated VIEs		1,649,472		927,725
Other assets		48,087		70,557
Total Assets		1,735,792		1,027,888
Multi-family CDOs, at fair value		0		0
Mortgages payable on real estate, net in Consolidated VIEs		1,251,059		672,568
Other liabilities		25,755		17,527
Total liabilities		1,276,814		690,095
Redeemable non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		37,101		66,392
Non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs		34,080		24,359
Net investment		387,797		247,042
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated Real Estate | Residential loans, at fair value
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Residential loans, at fair value		$ 0		$ 0

[1] Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, assets of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,952,609 and $2,940,513, respectively, and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,141,474 and $2,235,665, respectively. See Note 7 for further discussion.

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) - Schedule of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Interest expense	$ 41,891	$ 20,711	$ 70,513	$ 40,410
Total net interest income (expense)	26,129	31,475	56,008	61,815
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(67,694)	23,854	(151,353)	50,020
Income from real estate	35,870	2,150	61,458	3,645
Total non-interest (loss) income	(20,233)	43,276	(67,019)	82,996
Total general, administrative and operating expenses	96,624	23,121	168,460	42,316
Other loss	(90,818)	51,615	(179,538)	102,414
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	18,922	1,625	33,792	3,034
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	(71,896)	53,240	(145,746)	105,448
VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	15,168		27,796
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Financing And Other VIEs
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Interest income	9,254	10,479	18,635	20,797
Interest expense	19,356	7,581	32,169	14,994
Total net interest income (expense)	(10,102)	2,898	(13,534)	5,803
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(4,275)	9,793	(19,555)	19,018
Income from real estate	34,409	2,150	58,047	3,645
Total non-interest (loss) income	30,134	11,943	38,492	22,663
Total general, administrative and operating expenses	68,337	3,913	114,783	6,837
Other loss	(48,305)	10,928	(89,825)	21,629
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	18,922	1,625	33,792	3,034
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	(29,383)	12,553	(56,033)	24,663
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated SLST
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Interest income	9,254	10,479	18,635	20,797
Interest expense	6,208	7,151	12,186	14,254
Total net interest income (expense)	3,046	3,328	6,449	6,543
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	(4,275)	9,793	(19,555)	19,018
Income from real estate	0	0	0	0
Total non-interest (loss) income	(4,275)	9,793	(19,555)	19,018
Total general, administrative and operating expenses	0	0	0	0
Other loss	(1,229)	13,121	(13,106)	25,561
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	(1,229)	13,121	(13,106)	25,561
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Consolidated Real Estate
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Interest income	0	0	0	0
Interest expense	13,148	430	19,983	740
Total net interest income (expense)	(13,148)	(430)	(19,983)	(740)
Unrealized (losses) gains, net	0	0	0	0
Income from real estate	34,409	2,150	58,047	3,645
Total non-interest (loss) income	34,409	2,150	58,047	3,645
Total general, administrative and operating expenses	68,337	3,913	114,783	6,837
Other loss	(47,076)	(2,193)	(76,719)	(3,932)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	18,922	1,625	33,792	3,034
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$ (28,154)	$ (568)	$ (42,927)	$ (898)

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated VIEs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]
Distributions	$ (1,133)		$ (1,810)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(18,922)	$ (1,625)	(33,792)	$ (3,034)
VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	53,361		66,392
Contributions	41		315
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs	(15,168)		(27,796)
Ending balance	$ 37,101		$ 37,101

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Use of Special Purpose Entities (SPE) and Variable Interest Entities (VIE) - Classification and Carrying Value of Unconsolidated VIEs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets	[1]	$ 7,299,536	$ 5,658,301
Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum exposure		367,042	401,005
Multi-family loans | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum exposure		106,825	120,021
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum exposure		67,566	70,603
Equity investments | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum exposure		192,651	210,381
ABS | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		35,588	39,679
ABS | Multi-family loans | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
ABS | Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		35,588	39,679
ABS | Equity investments | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Non-Agency RMBS | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		31,978	30,924
Non-Agency RMBS | Multi-family loans | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Non-Agency RMBS | Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		31,978	30,924
Non-Agency RMBS | Equity investments | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		285,608	300,819
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties | Multi-family loans | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		106,825	120,021
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties | Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Preferred equity investments in multi-family properties | Equity investments | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		178,783	180,798
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		10,990	10,440
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties | Multi-family loans | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties | Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Joint venture equity investments in multi-family properties | Equity investments | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		10,990	10,440
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		2,878	19,143
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties | Multi-family loans | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties | Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		0	0
Equity investments in entities that invest in residential properties | Equity investments | Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee or Group of Investees
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total assets		$ 2,878	$ 19,143

[1] Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") as the Company is the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, assets of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,952,609 and $2,940,513, respectively, and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs totaled $3,141,474 and $2,235,665, respectively. See Note 7 for further discussion.

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Real Estate, Net - Summary of Investments (Details) - VIE, Primary Beneficiary - Real Estate Investment - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Real Estate [Line Items]
Land	$ 218,223	$ 111,182
Building and improvements	1,524,023	835,635
Furniture, fixture and equipment	46,491	23,546
Operating real estate	1,788,737	970,363
Accumulated depreciation	(27,332)	(3,890)
Operating real estate, net	1,761,405	966,473
Real estate held for sale, net	30,915	51,110
Real estate, net	$ 1,792,320	$ 1,017,583

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Real Estate, Net - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Nov. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Real Estate [Line Items]
Net proceeds from sale of real estate				$ 52,207	$ 4,188
Net proceeds received from mortgages payable on real estate				(2,475)	0
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate		$ 600		$ 603	$ 0
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Multi-Family Apartment Properties
Real Estate [Line Items]
Net proceeds from sale of real estate		52,000
Net proceeds received from mortgages payable on real estate		37,000
Sale generated a net gain		400
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate		$ 600
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Real Estate Investment | Multi-Family Apartment Properties
Real Estate [Line Items]
Loss on transfer to real estate held-for-sale	$ 0		$ 200

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Real Estate, Net - Lease Intangibles (Details) - Lease Agreements - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Real Estate [Line Items]
Lease intangibles	$ 92,216	$ 51,969
Accumulated amortization	(73,292)	(12,200)
Lease intangibles, net	$ 18,924	$ 39,769

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Real Estate, Net - Components of Income From Real Estate and Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Real Estate [Line Items]
Total income from real estate	$ 35,870	$ 2,150	$ 61,458	$ 3,645
Total expenses related to real estate	70,759	3,913	118,748	6,837
Real Estate
Real Estate [Line Items]
Rental income	32,137	2,078	55,425	3,567
Other income	3,733	72	6,033	78
Total income from real estate	35,870	2,150	61,458	3,645
Interest expense, mortgages payable on real estate	13,151	430	20,308	740
Depreciation expense on operating real estate	15,132	838	25,244	1,519
Amortization of lease intangibles related to operating real estate	37,262	1,516	62,737	2,758
Other expenses	18,365	1,559	30,767	2,560
Total expenses related to real estate	$ 70,759	$ 3,913	$ 118,748	$ 6,837

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Other Assets and Other Liabilities - Other Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021
Offsetting [Abstract]
Restricted cash	$ 144,614	$ 48,259	$ 75,557
Accrued interest receivable	38,136	26,688
Other assets in consolidated multi-family properties	25,160	21,668
Collections receivable from residential loan servicers	20,624	28,634
Lease intangibles, net in consolidated multi-family properties	18,924	39,769
Recoverable advances on residential loans	13,444	14,143
Other receivables	12,943	14,507
Operating lease right-of-use assets	8,429	9,011
Deferred tax assets	5,324	6,282
Real estate owned	2,552	2,055
Other	9,788	4,003
Other assets	$ 299,938	$ 215,019

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Other Assets and Other Liabilities - Other Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Offsetting [Abstract]
Advanced remittances from residential loan servicers	$ 94,377	$ 16,603
Dividends and dividend equivalents payable	49,026	48,328
Accrued expenses and other liabilities in consolidated multi-family properties	25,755	22,583
Accrued expenses	13,887	13,408
Deferred revenue	11,507	13,019
Unfunded commitments for residential loans	9,663	21,364
Operating lease liabilities	8,994	9,584
Accrued interest payable	8,604	9,051
Deferred tax liabilities	5,558	6,681
Other	3,695	460
Total	$ 231,066	$ 161,081

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Repurchase Agreements - Company's Repurchase Agreements (Details) - Repurchase agreements - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements	$ 1,693,876	$ 554,259
Residential loans
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements	1,564,545	554,259
Investment securities
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements	$ 129,331	$ 0

XML

Repurchase Agreements - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) financialInstitution counterparty	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 407,104	$ 289,602	$ 324,927
Repurchase agreements, number of financial institutions | financialInstitution	4
Repurchase agreements, number of counterparties | counterparty	2
Financings under repurchase agreements, aggregate outstanding balance	$ 811,400
Number of counterparties with amounts outstanding under repurchase agreements | counterparty	2
Credit Suisse AG and Credit Suisse First Boston LLC
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Repurchase agreement percentage at risk	6.23%
Repurchase agreements
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 368,900
Unencumbered investment securities	$ 88,260
Average days to maturity	11 days
Weighted average interest rate	2.84%
Accrued interest payable	$ 200
Weighted average advance rate	51.70%
Average interest rate haircut	48.30%
Repurchase agreements | Non-Agency RMBS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Unencumbered investment securities	$ 52,672
Average interest rate haircut	48.70%
Repurchase agreements | CMBS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Unencumbered investment securities	$ 0
Average interest rate haircut	45.00%

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Repurchase Agreements - Schedule of Unencumbered Securities (Details) - Repurchase agreements $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	$ 88,260
Non-Agency RMBS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	52,672
Non-Agency RMBS | Consolidated SLST
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	19,700
CMBS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	0
ABS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	$ 35,588

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Repurchase Agreements - Borrowings Under Financing Arrangements and Associated Assets Pledged as Collateral (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	$ 129,331
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	4,329,192	$ 3,575,601
Repurchase agreements
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	129,331
Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements	1,693,876	554,259
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	$ 263,503
Weighted Average Months to Maturity	11 days
Residential loans
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Maximum Aggregate Uncommitted Principal Amount	$ 2,140,048	1,252,352
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	1,566,926	554,784
Net Deferred Finance Costs	(2,381)	(525)
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	$ 1,887,742	$ 729,649
Weighted Average Rate	3.81%	2.79%
Weighted Average Months to Maturity	14 years 6 months 3 days	4 years 4 months 17 days
Residential loans | Repurchase agreements
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements	$ 1,564,545	$ 554,259
Residential loans | Repurchase Agreement, Non Mark-to Market
Transfer of Certain Financial Assets Accounted for as Secured Borrowings [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	$ 755,600	$ 15,600
Weighted Average Rate	4.01%	4.00%
Weighted Average Months to Maturity	20 years 2 months 23 days	2 years 10 days

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Repurchase Agreements - Repurchase Agreements Secured by Investment Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	$ 129,331
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	4,329,192	$ 3,575,601
Repurchase agreements
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	129,331
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	263,503
Amortized Cost of Collateral Pledged	296,368
Non-Agency RMBS | Repurchase agreements
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	113,650
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	233,407
Amortized Cost of Collateral Pledged	263,768
Restricted cash	2,700
Non-Agency RMBS | Repurchase agreements | Consolidated SLST
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	188,900
CMBS | Repurchase agreements
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Outstanding Repurchase Agreements	15,681
Fair Value of Loans Pledged	30,096
Amortized Cost of Collateral Pledged	$ 32,600

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Repurchase Agreements - Maturities (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements, maturities	$ 129,331
Within 30 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements, maturities	129,331
Over 30 day to 90 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements, maturities	0
Over 90 days
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements, maturities	$ 0

XML

Repurchase Agreements - Unencumbered Securities (Details) - Repurchase agreements $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	$ 88,260
Non-Agency RMBS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	52,672
Non-Agency RMBS | Consolidated SLST
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	19,700
CMBS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	0
ABS
Assets Sold under Agreements to Repurchase [Line Items]
Securities borrowed	$ 35,588

XML

Collateralized Debt Obligations - Summary of Debt (Details) - Collateralized Debt Obligations - Secured Debt - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 1,855,022	$ 1,500,378
Collateralized debt, carrying value	1,817,324	1,522,221
Consolidated SLST
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	742,601	814,256
Collateralized debt, carrying value	$ 710,233	$ 839,419
Weighted average interest rate	2.75%	2.75%
Residential loan securitizations
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding Face Amount	$ 1,112,421	$ 686,122
Collateralized debt, carrying value	$ 1,107,091	$ 682,802
Weighted average interest rate	2.77%	2.43%

XML

Collateralized Debt Obligations - Maturities (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2022	$ 0
2023	0
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	0
Thereafter	453,689
Total	1,417,515
Secured Debt | Collateralized Debt Obligations
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2022	0
2023	0
2024	0
2025	0
2026	180,000
2027	225,000
Thereafter	1,450,022
Total	$ 1,855,022

XML

Debt - Narrative (Details)			1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 15, 2022 USD ($)	Apr. 27, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes, net				$ 0	$ 96,267,000
Long-term debt				1,417,515,000
Net proceeds received from mortgages payable on real estate				(2,475,000)	0
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate			$ (600,000)	$ (603,000)	$ 0
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Multi-Family Apartment Properties
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net proceeds received from mortgages payable on real estate			37,000,000
Loss on extinguishment of mortgages payable on real estate			$ (600,000)
6.25% senior convertible notes due 2022 | Convertible notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Face amount						$ 138,000,000
Interest rate				6.25%		6.25%
Discount and deferred charges, net						$ 100,000
Debt issuance cost, percentage						8.24%
Notes issued, percentage of principle				96.00%
Conversion ratio				0.1427144
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares				$ 7.01
Extinguishment of debt, amount	$ 138,000,000
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2026 | Senior unsecured notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Face amount		$ 100,000,000
Interest rate		5.75%
Debt instrument, percentage of principal issued		100.00%
Proceeds from issuance of senior unsecured notes, net		$ 96,300,000
Long-term debt				$ 100,000,000
Deferred loan fees, net				$ 3,000,000		$ 3,300,000
Debt issuance costs, amortization rate				6.64%
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2026 | Senior unsecured notes | Between BB+ and B+ Credit Rating
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate increase		0.50%
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2026 | Senior unsecured notes | B+ or Below Credit Rating
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate increase		0.75%
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2026 | Senior unsecured notes | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage		100.00%
5.75% Senior Notes Due 2026 | Senior unsecured notes | April 30, 2023 - April 29, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage		100.00%
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage multiplyer		2.875%

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Debt - Schedule of Interest Expense from Convertible Debt (Details) - Convertible notes - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Contractual interest expense	$ 0	$ 2,156	$ 335	$ 4,312
Amortization of underwriter's discount and deferred charges	0	632	103	1,260
Total	$ 0	$ 2,788	$ 438	$ 5,572

XML

Debt - Schedule of Debt Redemption Details (Details) - 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2026 - Senior unsecured notes	Apr. 27, 2021
April 30, 2023 - April 29, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage multiplyer	2.875%
April 30, 2024 - April 29, 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage multiplyer	1.4375%
April 30, 2025 - April 29, 2026
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage multiplyer	0.00%

XML

Debt - Preferred Securities (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
NYM Preferred Trust I
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal value of trust preferred securities	$ 25,000,000	$ 25,000,000
NYM Preferred Trust I | LIBOR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate, basis spread	3.75%	3.75%
NYM Preferred Trust II
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal value of trust preferred securities	$ 20,000,000	$ 20,000,000
NYM Preferred Trust II | LIBOR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate, basis spread	3.95%	3.95%

XML

Debt - Schedule of Mortgage Notes Payable On Operating Real Estate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Mortgage Payable, Net	$ 1,417,515
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgage Note | Joint Venture Investment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount	1,354,367
Outstanding Mortgage Balance	1,272,515
Net Deferred Finance Cost	(21,456)
Mortgage Payable, Net	$ 1,251,059
Weighted Average Interest Rate	4.00%
VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Mortgage Note | Preferred Equity Investment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum Committed Mortgage Principal Amount		$ 745,915
Outstanding Mortgage Balance		718,717
Net Deferred Finance Cost		(9,361)
Mortgage Payable, Net		$ 709,356
Weighted Average Interest Rate		3.56%

XML

Debt - Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Long-term Debt, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2022	$ 0
2023	0
2024	294,814
2025	535,240
2026	133,772
2027	0
Thereafter	453,689
Total	$ 1,417,515

XML

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Amount agreed to fund joint venture equity investments	$ 40.0

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	$ 24,582	$ 29,520
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Assets carried at fair value
Equity investments	223,651	239,631
Total	4,800,174	4,136,097
Liabilities carried at fair value
Total	710,233	839,419
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	2,193,319	1,703,290
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	920,778	1,070,882
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	1,215,095	801,429
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Multi-family loans
Assets carried at fair value
Multi-family loans	106,825	120,021
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Non-Agency RMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	74,822	128,019
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | CMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	30,096	33,146
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | ABS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	35,588	39,679
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Consolidated SLST CDOs | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	710,233	839,419
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Assets carried at fair value
Equity investments	0	0
Total	0	0
Liabilities carried at fair value
Total	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Multi-family loans
Assets carried at fair value
Multi-family loans	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Non-Agency RMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | CMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | ABS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	0	0
Level 1 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Consolidated SLST CDOs | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	0	0
Level 2
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	140,506	200,844
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Assets carried at fair value
Equity investments	0	0
Total	140,506	200,844
Liabilities carried at fair value
Total	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Multi-family loans
Assets carried at fair value
Multi-family loans	0	0
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Non-Agency RMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	74,822	128,019
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | CMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	30,096	33,146
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | ABS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	35,588	39,679
Level 2 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Consolidated SLST CDOs | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	0	0
Level 3
Assets carried at fair value
Equity investments	223,651	239,631
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Assets carried at fair value
Equity investments	223,651	239,631
Total	4,659,668	3,935,253
Liabilities carried at fair value
Total	710,233	839,419
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	2,193,319	1,703,290
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	920,778	1,070,882
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Assets carried at fair value
Residential loans, at fair value	1,215,095	801,429
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Multi-family loans
Assets carried at fair value
Multi-family loans	106,825	120,021
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Non-Agency RMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	0	0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | CMBS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	0	0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | ABS
Assets carried at fair value
Investment securities available for sale:	0	0
Level 3 | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Consolidated SLST CDOs | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities carried at fair value
Consolidated SLST CDOs	$ 710,233	$ 839,419

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Valuation for Level 3 Assets (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) securitization	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 3,935,253	$ 3,471,854
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(176,272)	38,670
Transfers out	(1,855)	(2,674)
Transfers to securitization trust	0	0
Funding/Contributions	19,191	320
Paydowns/Distributions	(672,386)	(561,143)
Sales	0	(17,944)
Purchases	1,555,737	605,076
Balance at the end of period	4,659,668	3,534,159
Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary | Residential loans
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	1,070,882	1,266,785
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(79,292)	(21,788)
Transfers out	0	0
Transfers to securitization trust	0	0
Funding/Contributions	0	0
Paydowns/Distributions	(70,812)	(68,458)
Sales	0	0
Purchases	0	0
Balance at the end of period	920,778	1,176,539
Residential loans | Residential loans
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	1,703,290	1,090,930
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(52,976)	14,494
Transfers out	(875)	(1,259)
Transfers to securitization trust	(676,560)	(160,623)
Funding/Contributions	0	0
Paydowns/Distributions	(293,564)	(306,209)
Sales	0	(15,568)
Purchases	1,514,004	605,076
Balance at the end of period	$ 2,193,319	1,226,841
Number of securitizations completed | securitization	2
Residential loans held in securitization trusts | Residential loans
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 801,429	691,451
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(65,935)	21,105
Transfers out	(980)	(1,415)
Transfers to securitization trust	676,560	160,623
Funding/Contributions	0	0
Paydowns/Distributions	(237,712)	(70,025)
Sales	0	(2,376)
Purchases	41,733	0
Balance at the end of period	1,215,095	799,363
Multi-family loans | Multi-family loans
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	120,021	163,593
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	6,298	10,853
Transfers out	0	0
Transfers to securitization trust	0	0
Funding/Contributions	0	0
Paydowns/Distributions	(19,494)	(47,727)
Sales	0	0
Purchases	0	0
Balance at the end of period	106,825	126,719
Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		259,095
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings		14,006
Funding/Contributions		320
Paydowns/Distributions		(68,724)
Equity investments | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	239,631	259,095
Total (losses)/gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	15,633	14,006
Transfers out	0	0
Transfers to securitization trust	0	0
Funding/Contributions	19,191	320
Paydowns/Distributions	(50,804)	(68,724)
Sales	0	0
Purchases	0	0
Balance at the end of period	$ 223,651	$ 204,697

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Valuation for Level 3 Liabilities (Details) - Collateralized Debt Obligations - Consolidated SLST - VIE, Primary Beneficiary - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 839,419	$ 1,054,335
Total gains (realized/unrealized)
Included in earnings	(57,532)	(37,931)
Paydowns	(71,654)	(68,314)
Balance at the end of period	$ 710,233	$ 948,090

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Quantitative Information Regarding Significant and Unobservable Inputs Used in the Valuation of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Consolidated SLST CDOs
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Collateralized debt, carrying value	$ 710,233,000	$ 839,419,000
Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Collateralized debt, carrying value	710,233,000	839,419,000
Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Investment in Consolidated SLST limited to securities owned, net carrying value	208,600,000	230,300,000
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	4,329,192,000
Equity investments	223,651,000	239,631,000
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST CDOs
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Collateralized debt, carrying value	710,233,000	$ 839,419,000
Level 3 | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Equity investments	$ 189,773,000
Level 3 | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Investments in unconsolidated entities, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Investments in unconsolidated entities, measurement input	0.125
Level 3 | Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Minimum | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Investments in unconsolidated entities, measurement input	0.110
Level 3 | Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Maximum | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Investments in unconsolidated entities, measurement input	0.154
Level 3 | Months to assumed redemption | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input, redemption period (in months)	24 months
Level 3 | Months to assumed redemption | Discounted cash flow | Minimum | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input, redemption period (in months)	1 month
Level 3 | Months to assumed redemption | Discounted cash flow | Maximum | Equity investments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input, redemption period (in months)	51 months
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	$ 3,318,357,000
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Liquidation model
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	$ 90,057,000
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Lifetime CPR | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.048
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Lifetime CPR | Discounted cash flow | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Lifetime CPR | Discounted cash flow | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.462
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Lifetime CDR | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.004
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Lifetime CDR | Discounted cash flow | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Lifetime CDR | Discounted cash flow | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.215
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.067
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.965
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Yield | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.060
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Yield | Discounted cash flow | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.046
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Yield | Discounted cash flow | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.649
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Yield | Liquidation model | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.078
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Yield | Liquidation model | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.075
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Yield | Liquidation model | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.296
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Annual home price appreciation | Liquidation model | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.010
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Annual home price appreciation | Liquidation model | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Annual home price appreciation | Liquidation model | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input	0.278
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Liquidation timeline (months) | Liquidation model | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input, liquidation timeline (in months)	26 months
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Liquidation timeline (months) | Liquidation model | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input, liquidation timeline (in months)	9 months
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Liquidation timeline (months) | Liquidation model | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, measurement input, liquidation timeline (in months)	50 months
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Property value | Liquidation model | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	$ 801,412
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Property value | Liquidation model | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	17,000
Level 3 | Residential loans and residential loans held in securitization trusts | Property value | Liquidation model | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	4,300,000
Level 3 | Multi-family loans
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Multi-family loans	$ 106,825,000
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, measurement input	0.113
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, measurement input	0.100
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Discount rate | Discounted cash flow | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, measurement input	0.195
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Months to assumed redemption | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, assumed redemption period (in months)	36 months
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Months to assumed redemption | Discounted cash flow | Minimum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, assumed redemption period (in months)	3 months
Level 3 | Multi-family loans | Months to assumed redemption | Discounted cash flow | Maximum
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, assumed redemption period (in months)	57 months
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Residential mortgage loans, at fair value	$ 920,778,000
Investment in Consolidated SLST limited to securities owned, net carrying value	208,600,000
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Collateralized debt, carrying value	$ 710,233,000
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.166
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Minimum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Loss severity | Discounted cash flow | Maximum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.195
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Yield | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.046
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Yield | Discounted cash flow | Minimum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.037
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Yield | Discounted cash flow | Maximum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.100
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Collateral prepayment rate | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.080
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Collateral prepayment rate | Discounted cash flow | Minimum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.030
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Collateral prepayment rate | Discounted cash flow | Maximum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.097
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Collateral default rate | Discounted cash flow | Weighted Average | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.017
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Collateral default rate | Discounted cash flow | Minimum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST | Collateral default rate | Discounted cash flow | Maximum | Consolidated SLST CDOs | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Debt, measurement input	0.094

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Changes in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings for Level 3 Assets and Liabilities (Details) - Level 3 - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Collateralized Debt Obligations | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Liabilities
Unrealized gains (losses)	$ 6,523	$ 3,322	$ 57,889	$ 37,890
Residential loans | Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Assets
Unrealized gains (losses)	(10,798)	6,471	(77,443)	(18,872)
Residential loans | Residential loans
Assets
Unrealized gains (losses)	(29,826)	3,752	(55,058)	12,192
Residential loans | Residential Loans Held in Securitization Trusts
Assets
Unrealized gains (losses)	(33,262)	6,030	(64,729)	18,611
Multi-family loans | Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loan Investments
Assets
Unrealized gains (losses)	181	460	358	665
Multi-family loans | Equity investments
Assets
Unrealized gains (losses)	$ 3,139	$ 805	$ 3,593	$ 927

XML

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Carrying Value and Estimated Fair Value of the Company's Financial Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 407,104	$ 289,602	$ 324,927
Investment securities available for sale:	24,582	29,520
Equity Investments, carrying value	223,651	239,631
Financial Liabilities:
Subordinated debentures, carrying value	45,000	45,000
Convertible notes, carrying value	0	137,898
Senior unsecured notes, carrying value	97,039	96,704
Mortgages payable on operating real estate, carrying value	1,417,515
Residential collateralized debt obligations
Financial Liabilities:
Collateralized debt, carrying value	1,107,091	682,802
Consolidated SLST CDOs
Financial Liabilities:
Collateralized debt, carrying value	710,233	839,419
Level 1
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	407,104	289,602
Cash and cash equivalents, estimated fair value	407,104	289,602
Level 2
Financial Assets:
Investment securities available for sale:	140,506	200,844
Financial Liabilities:
Convertible notes, carrying value	0	137,898
Convertible notes, estimated fair value	0	138,011
Senior unsecured notes, carrying value	97,039	96,704
Senior unsecured notes, estimated fair value	89,489	102,215
Level 2 | Portfolio Investments
Financial Liabilities:
Outstanding repurchase agreements	1,693,876	554,259
Level 3
Financial Assets:
Equity Investments, carrying value	223,651	239,631
Equity Investment, estimated fair value	223,651	239,631
Financial Liabilities:
Subordinated debentures, carrying value	45,000	45,000
Subordinated debentures, estimated fair value	38,674	44,388
Level 3 | Mortgage Note
Financial Liabilities:
Mortgages payable on operating real estate, carrying value	1,251,059	709,356
Mortgages payable on operating real estate, estimated fair value	1,227,040	712,112
Level 3 | Residential collateralized debt obligations
Financial Liabilities:
Collateralized debt, carrying value	1,107,091	682,802
Secured debt, estimated fair value	1,050,939	686,027
Level 3 | Consolidated SLST CDOs
Financial Liabilities:
Collateralized debt, carrying value	710,233	839,419
Secured debt, estimated fair value	710,233	839,419
Level 3 | Residential loans
Financial Assets:
Residential loans	4,329,192	3,575,601
Residential mortgage loans, estimated fair value	4,329,192	3,575,601
Level 3 | Multi-family loans
Financial Assets:
Preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments, carrying value	106,825	120,021
Preferred equity and mezzanine loan investments, estimated fair value	$ 106,825	$ 120,021

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Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) quarter director seriesOfPreferredStock $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2021 shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) quarter director seriesOfPreferredStock $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2021 shares	Dec. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares	Feb. 28, 2022 USD ($)	Aug. 10, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares	Nov. 27, 2019 USD ($)	Mar. 29, 2019 USD ($)	Aug. 10, 2017 USD ($)
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of series of cumulative redeemable preferred stock outstanding | seriesOfPreferredStock	4		4
Redemption price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 25.00		$ 25.00
Preferred stock redemption period			120 days
Number of elected directors pending preferred stock voting rights | director	2		2
Percent of outstanding shares affirmative votes needed for material and adverse changes to preferred stock terms			66.67%
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	800,000,000		800,000,000		800,000,000
Common stock, par value (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.01		$ 0.01		$ 0.01
Common stock, shares, issued (in shares)	378,647,371		378,647,371		379,405,240
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	378,647,371		378,647,371		379,405,240
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount | $						$ 200,000
Shares repurchased (in shares)	2,794,824		2,794,824
Common stock repurchases | $	$ 7,541		$ 7,541
Fees and commissions paid | $	$ 30		$ 30
Average cost per share (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 2.69		$ 2.69
Remaining authorized repurchase amount | $	$ 192,500		$ 192,500
Equity Distribution Agreements
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in usd per share) | $ / shares							$ 0.01
Common stock that may be sold (up to) | $							$ 100,000
Common stock reserved for issuance | $	$ 100,000		$ 100,000							$ 72,500
Shares issued (in shares)	0	0	0	0
Equity agreement for preferred stock maximum aggregate sales price (up to) | $							$ 149,100	$ 131,500
Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)	0	0	0	0
Equity agreement for preferred stock maximum aggregate sales price (up to) | $									$ 50,000
Preferred stock available for future issuance, value | $	$ 100,000		$ 100,000
Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000		200,000,000		200,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.01		$ 0.01		$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	22,284,994		22,284,994		22,284,994
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	22,284,994		22,284,994		22,284,994
Number of quarters with no dividends that results in voting rights | quarter	6		6
Series D Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	8,400,000		8,400,000		8,400,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	6,123,495		6,123,495		6,123,495
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	6,123,495		6,123,495		6,123,495
Preferred stock, cumulative redeemable dividend rate			8.00%		8.00%
Series E Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	9,900,000		9,900,000		9,900,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	7,411,499		7,411,499		7,411,499
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	7,411,499		7,411,499		7,411,499
Preferred stock, cumulative redeemable dividend rate			7.875%		7.875%
Series F Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	7,750,000		7,750,000		7,750,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	5,750,000		5,750,000		5,750,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	5,750,000		5,750,000		5,750,000
Preferred stock, cumulative redeemable dividend rate			6.875%		6.875%
Series G Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,450,000		5,450,000		3,450,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	3,000,000		3,000,000		3,000,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	3,000,000		3,000,000		3,000,000
Preferred stock, cumulative redeemable dividend rate			7.00%

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Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Preferred Stock Issued and Outstanding (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, carrying value	$ 538,221,000	$ 538,221,000
Series D Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	8,400,000	8,400,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	6,123,495	6,123,495
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	6,123,495	6,123,495
Preferred stock, carrying value	$ 148,134,000	$ 148,134,000
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 153,087,000	$ 153,087,000
Preferred stock, contractual rate, percentage	8.00%	8.00%
Series D Preferred Stock | LIBOR
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, floating annual rate, percentage	5.695%	5.695%
Series E Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	9,900,000	9,900,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	7,411,499	7,411,499
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	7,411,499	7,411,499
Preferred stock, carrying value	$ 179,349,000	$ 179,349,000
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 185,288,000	$ 185,288,000
Preferred stock, contractual rate, percentage	7.875%	7.875%
Series E Preferred Stock | LIBOR
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, floating annual rate, percentage	6.429%	6.429%
Series F Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	7,750,000	7,750,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	5,750,000	5,750,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	5,750,000	5,750,000
Preferred stock, carrying value	$ 138,650,000	$ 138,650,000
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 143,750,000	$ 143,750,000
Preferred stock, contractual rate, percentage	6.875%	6.875%
Series F Preferred Stock | Underwritten Public Offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, liquidation preference per share (in dollars per share)	$ 25
Series F Preferred Stock | LIBOR
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, floating annual rate, percentage	6.13%	6.13%
Series G Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,450,000	3,450,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	3,000,000	3,000,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	3,000,000	3,000,000
Preferred stock, carrying value	$ 72,088,000	$ 72,088,000
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 75,000,000	$ 75,000,000
Preferred stock, contractual rate, percentage	7.00%
Preferred Stock, Series Shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	31,500,000	29,500,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	22,284,994	22,284,994
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	22,284,994	22,284,994
Preferred stock, carrying value	$ 538,221,000	$ 538,221,000
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 557,125,000	$ 557,125,000

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Stockholders' Equity - Cash Dividends Declared - Preferred Stock (Details) - $ / shares	Jun. 17, 2022	Mar. 14, 2022	Dec. 13, 2021	Sep. 13, 2021	Jun. 14, 2021	Mar. 15, 2021
Series B Preferred Stock
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0.484375	$ 0.484375	$ 0.484375
Series C Preferred Stock
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	0	0	0	0	0.4921875	0.4921875
Series D Preferred Stock
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Series E Preferred Stock
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	0.4921875	0.4921875	0.4921875	0.4921875	0.4921875	0.4921875
Series F Preferred Stock
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	0.4296875	0.4296875	0.4296875	0.4679000	0	0
Series G Preferred Stock
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.43750	$ 0.43750	$ 0.24792	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

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Stockholders' Equity - Cash Dividends Declared - Common Stock (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Cash dividend per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10	$ 0.10

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(Loss) Earnings Per Common Share - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	Jan. 15, 2022 USD ($)
6.25% senior convertible notes due 2022 | Convertible notes
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Extinguishment of debt, amount	$ 138.0

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(Loss) Earnings Per Common Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Basic (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$ (71,896)	$ 53,240	$ (145,746)	$ 105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)	(10,296)	(20,986)	(20,593)
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMPANY'S COMMON STOCKHOLDERS	$ (82,389)	$ 42,944	$ (166,732)	$ 84,855
Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic (in shares)	381,200	379,299	380,999	379,091
Basic (loss) earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.11	$ (0.44)	$ 0.22
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net (loss) income attributable to Company	$ (71,896)	$ 53,240	$ (145,746)	$ 105,448
Less: Preferred Stock dividends	(10,493)	(10,296)	(20,986)	(20,593)
Net (loss) income attributable to Company's common stockholders	$ (82,389)	$ 42,944	$ (166,732)	$ 84,855
Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic (in shares)	381,200	379,299	380,999	379,091
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares)	381,200	381,517	380,999	381,167
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (0.22)	$ 0.11	$ (0.44)	$ 0.22
PSUs
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net effect of assumed PSUs/RSUs vested (in shares)	0	2,003	0	1,931
RSUs
Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Common Share:
Net effect of assumed PSUs/RSUs vested (in shares)	0	215	0	145

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Stock Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 1.1	$ 1.2	$ 2.3	$ 2.3
Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-vested shares (in shares)	2,181,985	1,902,344	2,181,985	1,902,344	1,909,107	1,603,766
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 6.9	$ 7.2	$ 6.9	$ 7.2
Unrecognized compensation cost, period for recognition			2 years
Fair value of vested shares			$ 3.2	$ 2.5
Shares vested (in shares)			884,959	621,438
PSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Fair value of vested shares			$ 2.6	$ 3.7
Fair value, expected term			3 years
Fair value, expected term for volatility rate			3 years
Shares vested (in shares)			733,496	974,074
Vested shares target (in shares)	1,074,918	842,792	1,074,918	842,792
RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-vested shares (in shares)	1,054,880	1,110,322	1,054,880	1,110,322	1,016,252	441,746
Fair value of vested shares			$ 1.4	$ 0.5
Requisite service period			3 years
Shares vested (in shares)			383,639	147,254
2017 Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum number of shares that may be issued (in shares)	43,170,000		43,170,000
Shares available for grant (in shares)	28,758,269		28,758,269		31,367,872
2017 Incentive Plan | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)					2,689,394
Non-vested shares (in shares)	2,181,985		2,181,985		1,909,107
2017 Incentive Plan | PSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for grant (in shares)	6,233,373		6,233,373		6,168,886
Share-based compensation expense	$ 1.5	$ 1.7	$ 3.0	$ 3.1
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 8.8	11.7	$ 8.8	11.7
Unrecognized compensation cost, period for recognition			1 year 9 months 18 days
Award vesting period			3 years		3 years	3 years
Number of consecutive trading days for Total Shareholder Return (TSR) calculation			30 days
2017 Incentive Plan | PSUs | Relative TSR Performance is Less Than the 30th Percentile
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting rights, percentage			0.00%
2017 Incentive Plan | PSUs | Relative TSR Performance is Equal to the 50th Percentile
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting rights, percentage			100.00%
2017 Incentive Plan | RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for grant (in shares)	1,054,880		1,054,880		1,016,252
Share-based compensation expense	$ 0.6	0.5	$ 1.1	0.9
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 3.2	$ 4.0	$ 3.2	$ 4.0
Unrecognized compensation cost, period for recognition			1 year 9 months 18 days
2017 Incentive Plan | Director
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)			919,019		687,503
2017 Incentive Plan | Employee
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)			3,847,231

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Stock Based Compensation - Non-vested Restricted Stock, PSU and RSU Award Activity (Details) - $ / shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Restricted Stock
Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares
Non-vested shares at beginning of period (in shares)	1,909,107	1,603,766
Granted (in shares)	1,217,671	939,446
Vested (in shares)	(884,959)	(621,438)
Forfeited (in shares)	(59,834)	(19,430)
Non-vested shares at end of period (in shares)	2,181,985	1,902,344
Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares at beginning of period (in dollars per share)	$ 5.05	$ 6.27
Granted (in dollars per share)	3.59	3.82
Vested (in dollars per share)	5.49	5.41
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	3.96	3.26
Non-vested shares at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 4.08	$ 5.09
PSUs, Target
Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares
Non-vested shares at beginning of period (in shares)	3,376,740	2,902,014
Granted (in shares)	844,534	1,631,661
Vested (in shares)	(1,074,918)	(842,792)
Non-vested shares at end of period (in shares)	3,146,356	3,690,883
PSUs
Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares
Vested (in shares)	(733,496)	(974,074)
Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares at beginning of period (in dollars per share)	$ 5.43	$ 4.98
Granted (in dollars per share)	4.87	5.56
Vested (in dollars per share)	4.00	4.20
Non-vested shares at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 5.76	$ 5.41
RSUs
Number of Non-vested Restricted Shares
Non-vested shares at beginning of period (in shares)	1,016,252	441,746
Granted (in shares)	422,267	815,830
Vested (in shares)	(383,639)	(147,254)
Non-vested shares at end of period (in shares)	1,054,880	1,110,322
Weighted Average Per Share Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares at beginning of period (in dollars per share)	$ 4.36	$ 6.23
Granted (in dollars per share)	3.72	3.69
Vested (in dollars per share)	4.58	6.23
Non-vested shares at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 4.03	$ 4.36

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Income Taxes - Income Tax Provision (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Current income tax expense	$ 166	$ 58	$ 231	$ 271
Deferred income tax benefit	(76)	(43)	(164)	(190)
Total income tax provision	$ 90	$ 15	$ 67	$ 81

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Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss carryforward	$ 2,927	$ 3,615
Capital loss carryover	7,654	7,549
GAAP/Tax basis differences	2,124	254
Total deferred tax assets	12,705	11,418
Deferred tax liabilities
GAAP/Tax basis differences	5,558	6,681
Total deferred tax liabilities	5,558	6,681
Valuation allowance	(7,381)	(5,136)
Total net deferred tax liability	$ (234)	$ (399)

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Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Change in valuation allowance	$ 2.2
Taxable REIT Subsidiaries
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	8.6
Capital losses	$ 22.5

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Net Interest Income - Components of Interest Income and Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Interest income	$ 68,020	$ 52,186	$ 126,521	$ 102,225
Interest expense	41,891	20,711	70,513	40,410
Total net interest income (expense)	26,129	31,475	56,008	61,815
Convertible notes
Interest expense	0	2,788	438	5,572
Senior unsecured notes
Senior unsecured notes	1,607	1,136	3,210	1,136
Subordinated debentures
Subordinated debentures	550	459	1,008	916
Residential loans
Interest income	32,669	20,155	57,502	39,816
Consolidated SLST | VIE, Primary Beneficiary
Interest income	9,254	10,479	18,635	20,797
Interest expense	6,208	7,151	12,186	14,254
Residential loans held in securitization trusts
Interest income	18,853	9,933	35,486	17,901
Total residential loans
Interest income	60,776	40,567	111,623	78,514
Multi-family loans
Interest income	2,834	4,130	5,785	8,531
Investment securities available for sale
Investment securities available for sale	4,331	7,475	9,006	15,150
Other
Other	79	14	107	30
Repurchase agreements
Interest expense	11,647	3,732	17,178	7,774
Residential loan securitizations
Interest expense	8,728	5,015	16,185	9,735
Non-Agency RMBS Re-Securitization
Interest expense	0	0	0	283
Total collateralized debt obligations
Interest expense	14,936	12,166	28,371	24,272
Mortgages payable on real estate
Mortgages payable on real estate	$ 13,151	$ 430	$ 20,308	$ 740