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Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The Company's goodwill is derived primarily from the acquisitions of Vocalocity, Telesphere, iCore, Simple Signal, Nexmo, TokBox and NVM which are included in the Company's Business segment. The following table provides a summary of the changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill:
Balance at January 1, 2018
$
373,764

Increase in goodwill related to acquisition of TokBox
20,650

Increase in goodwill related to acquisition of NVM
210,992

Foreign currency translation adjustment
(6,907
)
Balance at December 31, 2018
598,499

Increase in goodwill related to measurement period adjustments to initial acquisition accounting of NVM
2,548

Foreign currency translation adjustment
1,923

Balance at December 31, 2019
$
602,970



Intangible assets, net

The Company's intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 primarily reflect intangible assets established with the acquisitions of various companies such as customer relationships, trade names and developed technology. In addition, the Company's intangible assets include patents we have purchased and licensed, including in connection with the settlement of litigation.
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
Useful Lives
(years)
Gross Carrying Value
Accumulated Amortization
Net Carrying Value
 
Gross Carrying Value
Accumulated Amortization
Net Carrying Value
Customer relationships
7
to
12
$
272,767

$
(115,583
)
$
157,184

 
$
272,226

$
(84,339
)
$
187,887

Developed technology
3
to
10
169,722

(80,523
)
89,199

 
162,316

(57,948
)
104,368

Patents and patent licenses
3
to
5
20,554

(19,228
)
1,326

 
20,214

(17,700
)
2,514

Trade names
2
to
5
7,074

(4,878
)
2,196

 
6,952

(1,947
)
5,005

Non-compete agreements
 
3
 
970

(970
)
—

 
991

(854
)
137

Total finite-lived intangible assets
 
 
 
$
471,087

$
(221,182
)
$
249,905

 
$
462,699

$
(162,788
)
$
299,911




During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, the Company recorded amortization expense of $58,441, $39,457 and $38,056, respectively. Amortization expense may vary in the future as acquisitions, dispositions and impairments, if any, occur. The total expected future annual amortization for the succeeding five years ended December 31 is as follows:
 
 
Estimated Amortization Expense
2020
$
51,219

2021
43,390

2022
39,942

2023
33,523

2024
27,927