10-K 1 d260171d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

 

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 001-35168

 

 

LinkedIn Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   47-0912023

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2029 Stierlin Court

Mountain View, CA 94043

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(650) 687-3600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share   New York Stock Exchange LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As June 30, 2011 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), the aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $3,986,708,446.

As of February 22, 2012, there were 42,538,400 shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding and 59,878,788 shares of the registrant’s Class B common stock outstanding.

 

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2012 Annual Meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

Table of Contents

 

         Page
  

PART I

 

Item 1.

  

Business

  2

Item 1A.

  

Risk Factors

  15

Item 1B.

  

Unresolved Staff Comments

  35

Item 2.

  

Properties

  35

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

  35

Item 4.

  

Mine Safety Disclosures

  35
  

PART II

 

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

  36

Item 6.

  

Selected Financial Data

  39

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  42

Item 7A.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

  61

Item 8.

  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

  63

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

  94

Item 9A.

  

Controls and Procedures

  94

Item 9B.

  

Other Information

  94
   PART III  

Item 10.

  

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

  95

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

  95

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

  95

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

  95

Item 14.

  

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

  95
  

PART IV

 

Item 15.

  

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

  96


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Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, particularly in Part I, Item 1: “Business,” Part I, Item 1A: “Risk Factors” and Part 2, Item 7: “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. All statements other than statements of historical fact could be deemed forward-looking, including, but not limited to:

 

   

our ability to timely and effectively scale and adapt our existing technology and network infrastructure;

 

   

our ability to increase engagement of our solutions by our members, enterprises and professional organizations;

 

   

our ability to protect our users’ information and adequately address privacy concerns;

 

   

our ability to maintain an adequate rate of revenue growth;

 

   

the effects of increased competition in our market;

 

   

our ability to effectively manage our growth;

 

   

our ability to retain our existing subscribers and our hiring and marketing solutions customers;

 

   

our ability to successfully enter new markets and manage our international expansion;

 

   

to maintain, protect and enhance our brand and intellectual property;

 

   

costs associated with defending intellectual property infringement and other claims;

 

   

the attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel; and

 

   

other risk factors included under “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

For a discussion of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements, see the discussion on risk factors that appear in Part I, Item 1A: “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other risks and uncertainties detailed in this and our other reports and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K represent our views as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we have no current intention of doing so except to the extent required by applicable law. You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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PART I

 

Item 1. Business

Overview

We are the world’s largest professional network on the Internet with more than 150 million members in over 200 countries and territories as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Through our proprietary platform, members are able to create, manage and share their professional identity online, build and engage with their professional network, access shared knowledge and insights, and find business opportunities, enabling them to be more productive and successful. We believe we are the most extensive, accurate and accessible network focused on professionals.

Our comprehensive platform provides members with solutions, including applications and tools, to search, connect and communicate with business contacts, learn about attractive career opportunities, join industry groups, research organizations and share information. At the core of our platform are our members, who create profiles that serve as their professional profiles and are accessible by any other member, as well as (unless a member chooses otherwise) anyone with an Internet connection. We believe that our platform allows our members to compete more effectively, make better decisions faster and manage their careers to achieve their full potential. The cornerstone of our business strategy is to focus on our members first. We provide the majority of our solutions to our members at no cost. We believe this approach provides the best way to continue to build a critical mass of members, resulting in beneficial network effects that promote greater utilization of our solutions, higher levels of engagement and increased value for all of our members.

We generate revenue from enterprises and professional organizations by selling our hiring solutions and marketing solutions offline through our field sales organization or online on our website. We also generate revenue from members, acting as individuals or on behalf of their enterprise or professional organization, who subscribe to our premium services. We strive to ensure that our hiring solutions, marketing solutions and premium subscriptions provide both a high level of value for our customers and also a high degree of relevance for our members. We believe this monetization strategy properly aligns objectives among members, customers and our entire network and supports our financial objective of sustainable revenue and earnings growth over the long term.

We were incorporated in Delaware in March 2003 under the name LinkedIn, Ltd. and changed our name to LinkedIn Corporation in January 2005. Our principal executive offices are located at 2029 Stierlin Court, Mountain View, CA 94043, and our telephone number is (650) 687-3600. Our website address is www.linkedin.com. We completed our initial public offering in May 2011 and our Class A common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange LLC (“NYSE”) under the symbol “LNKD”. Unless the context requires otherwise, the words “LinkedIn,” “we,” “Company,” “us” and “our” refer to LinkedIn Corporation and our wholly owned subsidiaries.

Our Mission

Our mission is to connect the world’s professionals to make them more productive and successful. Our members come first. We believe that prioritizing the needs of our members is the most effective, and ultimately the most profitable, way to accomplish our mission and to create long-term value for all of our stakeholders. We will continue to concentrate on opportunities we believe are in the best interests of our members. Our long-term approach enables us to invest, innovate and pioneer in unexplored segments of our industry to increase the value proposition of our proprietary platform and extensive data.

Our solutions are designed to enable professionals to achieve higher levels of performance and professional success and enable enterprises and professional organizations to find and connect with the world’s best talent.

 

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Our Vision

Our vision is to create economic opportunity for every professional in the world. This vision not only applies to each of our employees, but every LinkedIn member, each of whom has the ability to create economic opportunities for others. We believe this is the fundamental power of our network.

Our Strategy

Our mission is to connect the world’s professionals to make them more productive and successful. The key elements of our strategy are:

 

   

Foster Viral Member Growth. With 145 million members as of December 31, 2011 and over 150 million members currently, we will continue to pursue initiatives that promote the viral growth of our member base. These initiatives include registration optimization, enhanced search engine optimization, seamless integration with other applications and enhancements to our communications capabilities. Viral growth is a critical element in our mission to connect the world’s professionals.

 

   

Serve as the Professional Profile of Record. By maintaining the trust we have developed with our members and through continued improvements, such as enhancing our profile tools and search engine optimization, we seek to be the professional profile for every professional worldwide. Using our platform, any member can find, connect with and learn about other professionals.

 

   

Be the Essential Source of Professional Insights. As the amount of information being shared across the Internet continues to rapidly increase, we seek to be the essential source for relevant shared professional knowledge and data. Our platform enables members to easily contribute and share information at their discretion. We are uniquely positioned to continue to create more value from this information by providing relevant and timely business and career intelligence, insights and recommendations to our members, enabling them to be more productive and successful.

 

   

Work Wherever Our Members Work. We believe the value proposition of our network is most powerful when it is accessible wherever and whenever our members work. As a result, we plan to continue to grow our developer community by making our products and services available via open application programming interfaces, or APIs, and embeddable widgets to enable access to our solutions anywhere professionals work. In addition, we will continue to make our platform accessible on a large number of mobile and other Internet-connected devices to ensure members have constant access to our network.

 

   

Increase Monetization While Creating Value for Our Members. We intend to leverage our unique business model to further monetize our platform while adding value to members, enterprises and professional organizations on a global basis. For example, by providing our members with better tools to share their professional skills and insights, our hiring solutions can more efficiently and effectively identify specific active and passive candidates for a particular opportunity resulting in benefits for both members and customers. A core part of our strategy is making our solutions more relevant for our members and customers by significantly investing in targeting capabilities and analytics.

 

   

Expand Our International Presence. We have seen significant growth in our international member base and have established operations in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, Sweden and the United Kingdom. We intend to expand our sales, technical and support operations in additional international locations and expand our international member base by making our platform available in more languages and further developing our brand across various international geographies.

Our Solutions

Our solutions are designed to make professionals more productive and successful and to connect talent with opportunity at massive scale. To date our focus has been to develop products that enable our members to create, manage and share their professional

 

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identities online, build and engage with their professional networks, access shared knowledge and business insights, and find business opportunities.

Our principal free and monetized solutions are described below:

Free Solutions

 

Ability to Manage

Professional Identity

   Enhanced Ability to Build
and
Engage with

Professional Networks
   Access to Knowledge, Insights
and Opportunities
   Ubiquitous Access

Profile

Public Profile

Profile Stats

Skills*

   LinkedIn Connections

Invitations

Search

Introductions

People You May Know
Addressbook Importer

   Network Updates

Groups

LinkedIn Today

Signal

Company Profiles

Polls

Events

InApps

Answers

Personalization Platform

Apply with LinkedIn

LinkedIn Alumni

   Mobile

APIs

Widgets

Monetized Solutions

 

Hiring Solutions

   Marketing Solutions    Premium Subscriptions

LinkedIn Corporate

Solutions/Recruiter

LinkedIn Referral Engine

LinkedIn Recruitment Media

LinkedIn Career Pages

LinkedIn Jobs

Talent Basic, Talent Finder,

Talent Pro

Job Seeker Basic, Job Seeker,

Job Seeker Plus

   LinkedIn Ads

Display Ads

Custom Groups

Sponsorships

Whitepapers

Recommendation Ads

   Business

Business Plus

Executive

InMail

Profile Organizer

LinkedIn For Salesforce

 

* beta product

Free Solutions

Most of our member solutions are available at no cost and are designed to provide compelling professional benefits.

Ability to Manage Professional Identity

 

   

Profile. Our core offering provides every member an online professional profile. A member’s profile is accessible to all members on our network and includes user-generated information including current job title and employer, education, career history, domain expertise, accomplishments, skills and additional professional information such as honors, awards, association memberships, patents, publications, certifications and languages spoken. Members populate their own profile information, enabling them to ensure their professional identity is accurate, current and under their control.

 

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Profile Stats. Profile Stats provide real-time analytics to help members better manage their professional profile including information on who’s viewed their profile, top search keywords used to reach their profile, and other details and trends on the demographics of the audience that has viewed their profile. Additional features of this product are available for members with premium subscriptions.

 

   

Skills (beta). Members are able to both specify skills on their professional profiles and search for skills and expertise across our network, which surfaces key people within a community, top locations, related companies, relevant jobs, and groups where members can interact with like minded professionals.

Enhanced Ability to Build and Engage with Professional Networks

 

   

LinkedIn Connections. Once two members are connected, their profile information is shared and, subject to privacy settings, each member has access to the other member’s list of connections for further networking. Connections across the network are classified to three degrees: first degree connections are members who agree to connect, second degree connections are members who share one or more mutual connections, and third degree connections are related via two connections. Members can retrieve the contact information of their first degree connections and browse their second and third degree connections in order to find additional opportunities to network and connect.

 

   

Invitations. Members can expand their networks by sending invitations. Any non-member accepting an invitation simultaneously becomes a LinkedIn member, connected to the sender, after completing the registration process.

 

   

Search. Our proprietary search technology allows users to conduct real-time, multilingual searches of our rich dataset in a completely personalized manner, as a member’s profile and network affect relevance and ranking of results. Our search covers:

 

   

People. Faceted, structured search across all member profiles.

 

   

Job Postings. Faceted, structured search across all of the available jobs listed on our network.

 

   

Companies. Faceted, structured search of enterprises and professional organizations.

 

   

Groups. Search all professional groups on our network.

 

   

Network Updates. Search our network’s shared content updates.

 

   

Answers. Search all professional questions and answers posted on our network.

 

   

Inbox Messages. Search inbox messages.

 

   

Addressbook. Detailed, structured search across all of the connections a member has on LinkedIn.

We also provide other products to help our members develop their professional networks including: Introductions, which allows one member to request an introduction to another member through a mutual connection; People You May Know, which recommends members whom you may already know and with whom you may want to create a first degree connection; and Addressbook Importer, which allows members to quickly and easily import contact information from their existing digital address books to LinkedIn.

Access to Knowledge, Insights and Opportunities

 

   

Network Updates. Network Updates provide a real-time stream of data from professionals and professional sources, personalized for each member. The streams allow each member to control and select data by relevancy and remain up-to-date on what is happening in their professional world.

 

   

Groups. Groups provide a forum for our members to discuss topics of interest and meet and interact with other professionals who share those interests and have opinions and domain expertise in specific areas. Group members are able to discuss, share, comment and make their group memberships part of their profiles.

 

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LinkedIn Today. LinkedIn Today enables our members to be better informed on the job every day by showing them relevant news that has been collected and organized by the members in their networks and fellow professionals in their industries.

 

   

Signal. Signal is search tool that enables a member to do a real-time search on any news or updates shared by the members in their network.

 

   

Company Profiles. Company Profiles provide members with a holistic view of a company. By aggregating data across the members employed at a particular company, we can show which members have recently joined a company, recently changed their title at a company or recently left a company. Members can also see who they know at a particular company. Companies can add information to their profiles including information about products and services they provide and information about careers at the company and can insert feeds to be displayed on the company profile. Members can follow companies and automatically receive recent updates and recommend products and services.

 

   

Apply with LinkedIn. Apply with LinkedIn enables members to submit their profiles for job applications by clicking the “Apply with LinkedIn” button on company websites. Member can choose to update their profiles in real time, and members will also be shown their professional connections that work at the company where the profile is submitted.

 

   

LinkedIn Alumni. LinkedIn Alumni provides our members with insights about the alumni of their schools, enabling members to easily explore alumni career trends, make connections, and find opportunities. The product allows members to dynamically analyze the career trends of their fellow alumni by providing an interactive tool to view alumni by location, company, and job function.

We also provide other products to help our members access knowledge, insights and opportunities including: Polls, which provides a simple platform for professionals to create structured questions and share them broadly; Events, which allows members to share with their connections the events they are sponsoring or attending; InApps, which allows third parties to build and deploy new features as part of our members’ online experience; Answers, which allows members to ask questions and receive answers on any professional topic; and Personalization Platform, which has a number of analytically driven customized products, such as Jobs You May Be Interested In, Groups You May Like, Companies To Follow, People Who Viewed This Profile Also Viewed and People Who Viewed This Job Also Viewed.

Ubiquitous Access

Because professionals constantly require access to critical information, our platform is accessible online anytime and anywhere, including on mobile devices.

 

   

LinkedIn Mobile. LinkedIn mobile applications are provided across a range of platforms and languages, including the Android, Blackberry, iPad and iPhone. For example, CardMunch, our application that automatically transcribes business cards, is available for the iPhone.

 

   

Robust set of APIs. We believe that every modern business application is more useful and productive if it is personalized according to a professional’s profile and his or her network of connections. In 2009, we launched a public website that allows any developer to agree to a standard set of guidelines and terms and then integrate our content and services into their applications leveraging standards-based technology. These applications can be hosted on third-party websites or deployed on our platform. We also recently announced a Certified Developer Program, which is a network of developers screened to help marketers, agencies and companies use LinkedIn to connect with their audiences. Third parties are increasingly leveraging our APIs.

 

   

Widgets. We provide a set of simple, embeddable widgets for standard features to allow any web developer to include rich content from our network into their website or application without complex programming. We currently provide the following widgets:

 

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Profile Widget. Displays the public profile of a given member.

 

   

Company Insider. Displays information about whom the member knows at a particular company.

 

   

Sharing. Displays a simple button to help members easily share content with their network.

 

   

Recommendation. Displays a simple button to help members easily recommend a product or service offered by a company to their network.

Monetized Solutions

In addition to our free solutions, we also charge for certain solutions that provide members, enterprises and professional organizations with enhanced functionality and additional benefits.

Hiring Solutions

Our hiring solutions include LinkedIn Corporate Solutions, LinkedIn Jobs and Subscriptions. Our solutions aim to be the most effective way for enterprises and professional organizations to efficiently identify and acquire the right talent for their needs.

LinkedIn Corporate Solutions. LinkedIn Corporate Solutions include the following five products:

 

   

LinkedIn Recruiter. Our flagship hiring solution enables enterprises and professional organizations to find, contact and hire highly qualified active and passive candidates. We believe that a substantial majority of our members are passive in that they are not actively looking to change jobs. Recruiter provides premium functionality including:

 

   

Advanced Searches. Ability to search and view every profile on our network, giving most recruiters access to tens of millions more profiles than they would have available with our free offering. Advanced searches can be conducted using keywords found anywhere in a member’s profile, such as schools attended and languages spoken, or by data derived from profiles, such as years of experience.

 

   

Project Management. As enterprises and professional organizations find relevant profiles, they are able to organize them into project folders, add notes, and add reminders for follow-up.

 

   

InMail. Enterprises and professional organizations can send messages directly to candidates to tell them more about their organization or the specific opportunity, subject to the member’s discretion.

 

   

Collaboration. Recruiters in the same enterprise or professional organization can see which profiles their colleagues have viewed, saved, or annotated.

 

   

Job Slots. A Job Slot entitles an enterprise or professional organization to post a job. The job that is posted can be changed, updated or modified at any time over the life of the contract.

 

   

LinkedIn Referral Engine. Referral Engine enables enterprises and professional organizations to leverage the networks of their employees to find qualified candidates for open positions. For each job posting, Referral Engine automatically looks across the connections of the organization’s employees to find candidates qualified for that position. Referral Engine then presents matches to the organization’s employees, enabling them to make referrals they think are appropriate in just a few clicks.

 

   

LinkedIn Recruitment Media. Enterprises and professional organizations can target career-related messaging to qualified candidates. We provide promotional material in the form of advertisements, videos, or emails to specific audiences defined by enterprises and professional organizations based on professional profile data.

 

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LinkedIn Career Pages. Enterprises and professional organizations are able to customize the career section of Company Profiles and content on Career Pages to allow potential candidates to learn more about what it is like to work at the enterprise or professional organization, whom to contact if they are interested in a position and what relevant opportunities are available.

We also recently announced the development of a new product, LinkedIn Talent Pipeline, which will be a solution for recruiters that will give them the ability to more easily manage all of their talent leads in one place. LinkedIn Talent Pipeline will be available as a standalone solution, or as part of Recruiter.

LinkedIn Jobs. Enterprises and professional organizations of all sizes are able to advertise job opportunities on our network. Jobs includes:

 

   

Self-service Posting. This service enables recruiters and hiring managers to post and manage job opportunities on our network.

 

   

TalentMatch. Candidate recommendations are presented to a job poster. Once a job is posted, TalentMatch evaluates the characteristics of the job and automatically finds the most relevant member profiles. TalentMatch customers can view these recommendations and directly message relevant candidates.

 

   

Jobs You May Be Interested In (JYMBII). We use profile data to display relevant job postings to members even if they are not conducting a job search. Job recommendations are displayed on a member’s homepage and can also be displayed on other websites.

 

   

Work With Us. Enterprises and professional organizations can elect to display the JYMBII module as an add-on to each of their employee’s profiles, allowing them to leverage their employee base to attract relevant candidates.

Subscriptions

 

   

Talent Basic, Talent Finder and Talent Pro. The Talent family of products enables recruiters and hiring managers to find, contact and manage potential candidates, leveraging Premium Search Filters, InMail, Profile Organizer and other premium features.

 

   

Job Seeker Basic, Job Seeker and Job Seeker Plus. The Job Seeker family of products enables members to stand out to recruiters and hiring managers via the Job Seeker badge, which is visible on their profile and in search results, Featured Applicant status in the applicant list for jobs they apply to, and InMail.

Marketing Solutions

The goal of our marketing solutions is to enable marketers and advertisers to reach and engage with the most relevant audience and connect them to relevant products and services.

LinkedIn Ads. Our self-service platform enables advertisers to build and target their advertisement to our members based on information in their profile. LinkedIn Ads includes the following features:

 

   

Targeting. Ads are targeted to specific members based on their profile information. Targetable attributes include the member’s title, function, employer, industry and geography.

 

   

Daily Campaign Budgets. A maximum daily budget can be set for advertisements.

 

   

Campaign Management. Advertisers can set up and manage multiple campaigns as well as multiple ad units per campaign.

 

   

Reporting. Advertisers can continuously monitor clicks, impressions, click-through rates, average cost-per-click and total budget spent by ad.

 

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LinkedIn Ads for Enterprise. These marketing solutions target larger advertisers which receive dedicated account management and have access to additional marketing solutions:

 

   

Display Ads. Advertisers can use the same targeting engine used for LinkedIn Ads to serve ads in a variety of sizes and formats, including rich media.

 

   

Custom Groups. Advertisers can set-up a Group around a topic, company or product and customize content in key modules of the group. Polls, videos, feeds, and news can be included in these custom modules.

 

   

Sponsorships. Marketers can sponsor specific areas of our website, including Answers, Polls, Events, InMail and a variety of applications built by third parties on our platform.

 

   

Whitepapers. Marketers can target whitepapers using the same targeting engine used for LinkedIn Ads. The download pages for whitepapers have pre-filled fields with members’ profile data, reducing friction and maximizing leads for a marketer.

 

   

Recommendation Ads. These ad units include the number of members who have recommended a company’s product or service. Members can share or recommend the product or service directly from the ad unit.

Premium Subscriptions

Our premium subscription services target small- and medium-sized enterprises and professional organizations, individual members and business groups in larger enterprises. Our Business, Business Plus and Executive subscription packages are designed for general professionals to manage their professional identity, grow their business and connect with talent. These subscriptions bundles are sold at different price points. Key features found in the subscription bundles include:

 

   

Profile Organizer. A productivity suite allowing members to save and categorize profiles and add notes.

 

   

InMail. A message that can be sent directly to a member to whom the sender is not connected.

 

   

Premium Search Filters. Advanced filters for narrowing a search based on derived data.

 

   

Saved Searches. Members can save a search and be notified when profiles that fit their criteria are found.

 

   

3rd Degree Name Visibility. Expands network visibility of the searcher by exposing full names for 3rd degree members.

 

   

Profile Stats Pro. Members see more information about who is viewing their profile, the keywords used by others members to arrive at their profile, and the number of times they have shown up in search results.

 

   

LinkedIn For Salesforce. LinkedIn For Salesforce, a subscription offering that allows LinkedIn members to access sales insights from LinkedIn within salesforce.com, displaying credible, self-described professional profiles from LinkedIn alongside key opportunity and account information within Salesforce.

We also offer subscriptions to InMail, Profile Organizer and LinkedIn for Salesforce on a standalone basis.

Sales, Marketing and Customer Support

Depending on the specific product, we sell our hiring and marketing solutions offline through our field sales organization or online on our website. We sell our premium subscriptions primarily online on our website. Our field sales organization uses a direct sales force to solicit customers, agencies, and resellers. In the United States,

 

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our field sales organization is located in Chicago, New York and the San Francisco Bay Area. Outside of the United States, we have additional field sales offices in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

For our hiring solutions, we divide our field sales organization between account executives who are responsible for new business and relationship managers who focus on renewing and selling additional seats and solutions to existing customers. Some of our hiring solutions products, such as Talent Finder and Job Seeker, are sold online on our website.

For our marketing solutions, our field sales organization focuses on advertising agencies, large brand advertisers and performance advertisers that want to target professionals on our website. We also sell our marketing solutions to online advertisers that use our automated online self-service system to establish accounts, create ads, target members, and launch and manage their advertising campaigns.

To date, our member base has grown virally based on members inviting other members to join our network. Through this word-of-mouth marketing, we have been able to build our brand with relatively low marketing costs. We use the quality of our own products and solutions as our most effective marketing tool, and word-of-mouth momentum continues to drive member awareness and trust worldwide.

We believe that customer support is critical to retaining and expanding both our member base and customers. Our global customer operations group responds to both business and technical inquiries from individual members and enterprises and professional organizations relating to their accounts and how to use our features and products. Self-service support is available through our website and customers can also contact us via e-mail. We have specific premium support teams dedicated to premium subscribers, online advertisers, and our hiring solutions customers.

Customers

Our customers include individuals, enterprises, and professional organizations. No individual customer represented more than 10% of our net revenue in 2011, 2010 or 2009.

Technology Infrastructure

Our technology platform is designed to create an engaging professional networking experience for our members and is built to enable future growth at scale. We employ technological innovations whenever possible to increase efficiency and scale our business.

Our products rely upon and leverage the massive amounts of data in our network. This rich dataset has grown exponentially, requiring scalable computing resources. We will continue to invest in building proprietary and using open sourced technologies around our data, search and solutions. Our product development expense was $132.2 million, $65.1 million and $39.4 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Our key technology platforms are described below:

 

   

Professional Graph. Our fully distributed system is comprised of a graph engine where nodes can represent individuals, companies, schools and other entities and edges can be a connection, a “follow,” or an employee at a given company. The professional graph holds an individual’s real-time network and enables a variety of complex calls like establishing the degree by which two nodes are connected (e.g., 2nd degree vs. 3rd degree).

 

   

Search. Our proprietary search technology combines structured and free-form content to allow users to search across numerous parameters. Our search is powered by our rich dataset based on facets and key words and is fundamentally personalized as all search requests use a member’s network to affect relevance and ranking. Our search is real time, distributed and multilingual and serves the needs of both members and enterprises and professional organizations.

 

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Customized Content, Matching, Targeting and Recommendations. We have developed a proprietary intelligence and recommendation engine for extracting professional insights by utilizing our rich dataset. This engine enables us to provide our users with customized content and recommendations. For example, based on a member’s profile, their 2nd and 3rd degree connections, their viewing and clicking history, and a host of other criteria, our algorithms can provide intelligence and recommendations around Talent Match, People You May Know, Groups You May Like, Jobs You May Be Interested In or Companies You May Be Interested In. Our targeting and recommendation technologies continue beyond just a member’s profile by providing intelligence around similar profile views and similar job views.

 

   

Ad Targeting Platform. We use a combination of traditional and proprietary ad targeting and delivery technologies. The combination is optimized to work with our respective partners to provide the optimal user experience. Our proprietary systems leverage our feature extraction, information retrieval, and matching systems to provide the most relevant ads.

 

   

Open Sourced Technologies. We deploy aspects of our technology into the open source community to help increase the speed at which the technology can mature. The combination of open source and proprietary technologies used in our platforms increases the speed at which we can deploy our products at scale. For example, Hadoop is an open source project used to batch compute data for different features on our website based on our members’ data and traffic patterns. Hadoop enables us to scale our calculations on an expanding set of data and to do these calculations more frequently.

Operations

We have developed our website and related infrastructure with the goal of maximizing the availability of our platform to our members, enterprises and professional organizations. Our website and related infrastructure are hosted on a network located in multiple third-party facilities. Our material data center facilities are provided by Equinix Operating Co., Inc. pursuant to a master service agreement with Equinix dated February 2008. Under this agreement, Equinix provides us with data center space in various locations.

Intellectual Property

We protect our intellectual property rights by relying on federal, state and common law rights, as well as contractual restrictions. We control access to our proprietary technology, in part, by entering into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and contractors, and confidentiality agreements with third parties.

In addition to these contractual arrangements, we also rely on a combination of trade secret, copyright, trademark, trade dress, domain name and patents to protect our intellectual property. We pursue the registration of our domain names, trademarks, and service marks in the United States and in certain locations outside the United States. Our registered trademarks in the United States include “LinkedIn” and the “in” design mark, as well as others, and as of December 31, 2011, we owned or had licenses to three issued U.S. patents related to online networking, which expire in 2017, 2027 and 2029, and 25 patent applications on file in the United States and internationally.

Circumstances outside our control could pose a threat to our intellectual property rights. For example, effective intellectual property protection may not be available in the United States or other countries in which our products and solutions are distributed. Also, the efforts we have taken to protect our proprietary rights may not be sufficient or effective. Any significant impairment of our intellectual property rights could harm our business or our ability to compete. Also, protecting our intellectual property rights is costly and time-consuming. Any unauthorized disclosure or use of our intellectual property could make it more expensive to do business and harm our operating results.

 

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Companies in the Internet, social media technology and other industries may own large numbers of patents, copyrights, and trademarks and may frequently request license agreements, threaten litigation, or file suit against us based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. From time to time, we face, and we expect to face in the future, allegations that we have infringed the trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property rights of third parties, including our competitors and non-practicing entities. As we face increasing competition and as our business grows, we will likely face more claims of infringement.

Competition

We face significant competition in all aspects of our business. Specifically, we compete for members, enterprises and professional organizations; the bases upon which we compete differ among these areas as discussed below.

 

   

Members—Professional Networks. The market for online professional networks is new and rapidly evolving. Other companies such as Facebook, Google, Microsoft and Twitter are developing or could develop competing solutions. Further, some of these companies are partnering with third parties to offer products and services that could compete with ours. We face competition from a number of smaller companies in international markets, such as Xing in Germany and Viadeo in France, that provide online professional networking solutions, as well as Internet companies in the customer relationship management market, such as salesforce.com (Chatter and Jigsaw). Because membership on our website is available at no cost, we don’t compete for members on the basis of price. Instead, we compete primarily on the basis of the value and relevance of the products for professionals, ease of use and availability of our website and our products and solutions, and the total number of professional members and relevant data available.

 

   

Enterprises and Professional Organizations—Hiring Solutions. With respect to our hiring solutions, we compete with established online recruiting companies such as Monster+HotJobs, CareerBuilder and Indeed.com, talent management companies, such as Taleo (which recently announced an agreement to be acquired by Oracle), and traditional recruiting firms. Additionally, other companies, including newcomers to the recruiting industry, may partner with internet companies, including social networking companies, to provide services that compete with our solutions, either on their own or as third party applications, such as BranchOut. In this area, we compete primarily on the basis of the efficiency and usefulness of our solutions for enterprises and professional organizations, which are influenced by the number and engagement of our members.

 

   

Enterprises and Professional Organizations—Advertising and Marketing. With respect to our marketing solutions, we compete with online and offline outlets that generate revenue from advertisers and marketers. In this area, we compete to attract and retain advertisers by giving them access to the most relevant and targeted audiences for their products or services.

Other companies that provide content for professionals could develop more compelling offerings that compete with our premium subscriptions and adversely impact our ability to sell and renew subscriptions to our members. Additionally, companies that currently focus primarily on social networking could expand into professional networking or users of social networks could choose to use, or increase the use of, those networks for professional networking.

We believe that we have competitive strengths that position us favorably in our markets. However, our industry is evolving rapidly and is becoming increasingly competitive. Larger and more established companies may focus on professional networking and could directly compete with us. Smaller companies could also launch new products and services that we do not offer and that could gain market acceptance quickly.

Government Regulation

We are subject to a number of foreign and domestic laws and regulations that affect companies conducting business on the Internet, many of which are still evolving and could be interpreted in ways that could harm our

 

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business. In the United States and abroad, laws relating to the liability of providers of online services for activities of their users and other third parties are currently being tested by a number of claims, including actions based on invasion of privacy and other torts, unfair competition, copyright and trademark infringement, and other theories based on the nature and content of the materials searched, the ads posted, or the content provided by users. Any court ruling or other governmental action that imposes liability on providers of online services for the activities of their users and other third parties could harm our business. In addition, rising concern about the use of social networking technologies for illegal conduct, such as the unauthorized dissemination of national security information, money laundering or supporting terrorist activities may in the future produce legislation or other governmental action that could require changes to our products or services, restrict or impose additional costs upon the conduct of our business or cause users to abandon material aspects of our service.

In the area of information security and data protection, many states have passed laws requiring notification to users when there is a security breach for personal data, such as the 2002 amendment to California’s Information Practices Act, or requiring the adoption of minimum information security standards that are often vaguely defined and difficult to practically implement. The costs of compliance with these laws may increase in the future as a result of changes in interpretation. Furthermore, any failure on our part to comply with these laws may subject us to significant liabilities.

We are also subject to federal, state, and foreign laws regarding privacy and protection of member data. We post on our website our privacy policy and user agreement, which describe our practices concerning the use, transmission and disclosure of member data. Any failure by us to comply with our posted privacy policy or privacy related laws and regulations could result in proceedings against us by governmental authorities or others, which could harm our business. In addition, the interpretation of privacy and data protection laws, and their application to the Internet is unclear, evolving and in a state of flux. There is a risk that these laws may be interpreted and applied in conflicting ways from state to state, country to country, or region to region, and in a manner that is not consistent with our current data protection practices, or that new regulations will be enacted. Complying with these varying domestic and international requirements could cause us to incur additional costs and change our business practices. Further, any failure by us to adequately protect our members’ privacy and data could result in a loss of member confidence in our services and ultimately in a loss of members and customers, which could adversely affect our business.

In addition, because our services are accessible worldwide, certain foreign jurisdictions have claimed and others may claim that we are required to comply with their laws, including in jurisdictions where we have no local entity, employees, or infrastructure.

Our Values and Company Culture

Our values and unique company culture serve as the foundation to our success. Our values are the principles by which we manage our day-to-day business and facilitate decision-making. Our core values are:

 

   

Our Members Come First. We encourage employees to know and understand our members and to ensure that we foster the long-term vitality of the LinkedIn ecosystem.

 

   

Relationships Matter. By fostering trust with colleagues and partners, we all succeed. We fundamentally believe that doing what is right is more important than being right.

 

   

Be Open, Honest and Constructive. We expect our employees to communicate with clarity and provide feedback with consistency in a constructive way.

 

   

Demand Excellence. Our employees are encouraged to lead by example, seek to solve big challenges, set measureable and actionable goals, and continuously learn, iterate and improve.

 

   

Take Intelligent Risks. Taking intelligent risks has been paramount in building the company to date. No matter how large the company becomes we strive to never lose our startup mentality.

 

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Act Like an Owner. Talent is our most important asset. We expect employees to act as an owner in each decision they make, no matter how big or small.

Our company culture reflects who we are and the company we aspire to be. Our culture is shaped in large part by our values and is best defined by:

 

   

Transformation. People who work at LinkedIn are here because they seek to make a positive and lasting impact on the world, help realize the full potential of LinkedIn and fundamentally alter the trajectory of their careers.

 

   

Integrity. We don’t believe the ends justify the means. Rather, we expect employees to do the right thing no matter what.

 

   

Collaboration. Much like the network effects inherent in our business model, we believe that as valuable as we are as individuals, we are all exponentially more valuable when aligned and working together.

 

   

Humor. Fulfilling our mission and vision requires an intense focus, so we believe it is important to not take ourselves too seriously and try to have some fun while doing it.

 

   

Results. We set clear, actionable goals and have high expectations for our performance. We count on our employees to consistently deliver excellent results, seek leverage through greater efficiency and effectiveness, and demonstrate leadership at all levels throughout the organization.

We believe we have assembled an extremely talented group of employees and strive to hire the best employees to solve very significant challenges. As of December 31, 2011, we had 2,116 employees, consisting of 972 employees in engineering, product development and customer operations, 844 employees in sales and marketing, and 300 employees in general and administrative.

While we encourage collaboration, we also embrace individual thinking and creativity. For example, one of our key approaches to attracting and retaining technical talent and fostering continued innovation is through our company-sponsored “InDays” and “hackdays” where our employees are encouraged to take the time to explore and implement new ideas. Participants then present their ideas in front of the whole company with prizes awarded for the best ideas. Some of our significant new products have been developed as a result of inDays and hackdays.

Information about Segment and Geographic Revenue

Information about segment and geographic revenue is set forth in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Seasonality

Our business is affected by both cyclicality in business activity and seasonal fluctuations in Internet usage. We believe our rapid growth has masked the cyclicality and seasonality of our business. As our revenue growth rate slows, we expect that the cyclicality and seasonality in our business may become more pronounced and may in the future cause our operating results to fluctuate. In particular, we expect sales of hiring solutions to be weaker in the first quarter of the year due to budgetary cycles and sales of our marketing solutions to be weaker in the third quarter of the year as Internet usage during the summer months generally slows.

Available Information

Our website is located at www.linkedin.com, and our investor relations website is located at http://investors.linkedin.com/. The following filings are available through our investor relations website after we file them with the SEC: Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and our Proxy Statements

 

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for our annual meetings of stockholders. These filings are also available for download free of charge on our investor relations website. We also provide a link to the section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov that has all of our public filings, including Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, all amendments to those reports, our Proxy Statements, and other ownership related filings. Further, a copy of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is located at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

We webcast our earnings calls and certain events we participate in or host with members of the investment community on our investor relations website. Additionally, we provide notifications of news or announcements regarding our financial performance, including SEC filings, investor events, press and earnings releases, and blogs as part of our investor relations website. Investors and others can receive notifications of new information posted on our investor relations website in real time by signing up for email alerts and RSS feeds. Further corporate governance information, including our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, governance guidelines, board committee charters, and code of conduct, is also available on our investor relations website under the heading “Corporate Governance.” The contents of our websites are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K or in any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Investing in our Class A common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before deciding whether to purchase shares of our Class A common stock. If any of the following risks are realized, our business, operating results and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business

We have a short operating history in a new and unproven market, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects and may increase the risk that we will not be successful.

We have a short operating history in a new and unproven market that may not develop as expected, if at all. This short operating history makes it difficult to effectively assess our future prospects. You should consider our business and prospects in light of the risks and difficulties we encounter in this rapidly evolving market. These risks and difficulties include our ability to, among other things:

 

   

increase our number of registered members and member engagement;

 

   

avoid interruptions or disruptions in our service or slower than expected website load times;

 

   

continue to earn and preserve our members’ trust with respect to their professional reputation and information;

 

   

responsibly use the data that our members share with us to provide solutions that make our members more successful and productive and that are critical to the hiring and marketing needs of enterprises and professional organizations;

 

   

develop a scalable, high-performance technology infrastructure that can efficiently and reliably handle increased member usage globally, as well as the deployment of new features and products;

 

   

increase revenue from the solutions we provide;

 

   

process, store and use personal data in compliance with governmental regulation and other legal obligations related to privacy;

 

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successfully compete with other companies that are currently in, or may in the future enter, the online professional network space;

 

   

hire, integrate and retain world class talent;

 

   

halt the operations of websites that aggregate our data as well as data from other companies, or copycat websites that have misappropriated our data; and

 

   

successfully expand our business, especially internationally.

If the market for online professional networks does not develop as we expect, or if we fail to address the needs of this market, our business will be harmed. We may not be able to successfully address these risks and difficulties or others, including those described elsewhere in these risk factors. Failure to adequately address these risks and difficulties could harm our business and cause our operating results to suffer.

We may not timely and effectively scale and adapt our existing technology and network infrastructure to ensure that our website is accessible within an acceptable load time.

A key element to our continued growth is the ability of our members, users (whom we define as anyone who visits our website, regardless of whether or not they are a member), enterprises and professional organizations in all geographies to access our website within acceptable load times. We call this website performance. We have experienced, and may in the future experience, website disruptions, outages and other performance problems due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, human or software errors, capacity constraints due to an overwhelming number of users accessing our website simultaneously, and denial of service or fraud or security attacks. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these website performance problems within an acceptable period of time. It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve our website performance, especially during peak usage times and as our solutions become more complex and our user traffic increases. If our website is unavailable when users attempt to access it or does not load as quickly as they expect, users may seek other websites to obtain the information for which they are looking, and may not return to our website as often in the future, or at all. This would negatively impact our ability to attract members, enterprises and professional organizations and increase engagement on our website. We expect to continue to make significant investments to maintain and improve website performance and to enable rapid releases of new features and products. To the extent that we do not effectively address capacity constraints, upgrade our systems as needed and continually develop our technology and network architecture to accommodate actual and anticipated changes in technology, our business and operating results may be harmed.

We have implemented a disaster recovery program, which allows us to move production to a back-up data center in the event of a catastrophe. Although this program is functional, it does not yet provide a real-time back-up data center, so if our primary data center shuts down, there will be a period of time that the website will remain shut down while the transition to the back-up data center takes place.

Our systems are also vulnerable to damage or interruption from catastrophic occurrences such as earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication failures, terrorist attacks and similar events. Our U.S. corporate offices and certain of the facilities we lease to house our computer and telecommunications equipment are located in the San Francisco Bay Area and Southern California, both regions known for seismic activity. Despite any precautions we may take, the occurrence of a natural disaster or other unanticipated problems at our hosting facilities could result in lengthy interruptions in our services.

We do not carry business interruption insurance sufficient to compensate us for the potentially significant losses, including the potential harm to the future growth of our business that may result from interruptions in our service as a result of system failures.

 

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If our security measures are compromised, or if our website is subject to attacks that degrade or deny the ability of members or customers to access our solutions, members and customers may curtail or stop use of our solutions.

Our solutions involve the storage and transmission of members’ and customers’ information, some of which may be private, and security breaches could expose us to a risk of loss of this information, which could result in potential liability and litigation. Like all websites, our website is vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins, phishing attacks, attempts to overload our servers with denial-of-service or other attacks and similar disruptions from unauthorized use of our computer systems, any of which could lead to interruptions, delays, or website shutdowns, causing loss of critical data or the unauthorized disclosure or use of personally identifiable or other confidential information. If we experience compromises to our security that result in website performance or availability problems, the complete shutdown of our website, or the loss or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, our members or customers may lose trust and confidence in us, and decrease the use of our website or stop using our website in its entirety. Further, outside parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees, members or customers to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to our information or our members’ or customers’ information. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently, often are not recognized until launched against a target and may originate from less regulated and remote areas around the world, we may be unable to proactively address these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Any or all of these issues could negatively impact our ability to attract new members and increase engagement by existing members, cause existing members to close their accounts or existing customers to cancel their contracts, subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines or other action or liability, thereby harming our operating results.

Our core value of putting our members first may conflict with the short-term interests of our business.

One of our core values is to make decisions based on the best interests of our members, which we believe is essential to our success in increasing our member growth rate and engagement and in serving the best, long-term interests of the company and our stockholders. Therefore, in the past, we have forgone, and may in the future forgo, certain expansion or short-term revenue opportunities that we do not believe are in the best interests of our members, even if our decision negatively impacts our operating results in the short term. In addition, as part of our philosophy of putting our members first, as long as our members are adhering to our terms of service, this philosophy may cause disagreements, or negatively impact our relationships, with our existing or prospective customers. This could result in enterprises and professional organizations blocking access to our website or refusing to purchase our hiring or marketing solutions or premium subscriptions. Our decisions may not result in the long-term benefits that we expect, in which case our member engagement, business and operating results could be harmed.

The number of our registered members is higher than the number of actual members, and a substantial majority of our page views are generated by a minority of our members. Our business may be adversely impacted if we are unable to attract and retain additional members who actively use our website.

The number of registered members in our network is higher than the number of actual members because some members have multiple registrations, other members have died or become incapacitated, and others may have registered under fictitious names. Given the challenges inherent in identifying these accounts, we do not have a reliable system to accurately identify the number of actual members, and thus we rely on the number of registered members as our measure of the size of our network. Further, a substantial majority of our members do not visit our website on a monthly basis, and a substantial majority of our page views are generated by a minority of our members. If the number of our actual members does not meet our expectations or we are unable to increase the breadth and frequency of our visiting members, then our business may not grow as fast as we expect, which will harm our operating and financial results and may cause our stock price to decline.

 

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If our members’ profiles are out-of-date, inaccurate or lack the information that users and customers want to see, we may not be able to realize the full potential of our network, which could adversely impact the growth of our business.

If our members do not update their information or provide accurate and complete information when they join LinkedIn or do not establish sufficient connections, the value of our network may be negatively impacted because our value proposition as a professional network and as a source of accurate and comprehensive data will be weakened. For example, customers of our hiring solutions may not find members that meet their qualifications or may misidentify a candidate as having such qualifications, which could result in mismatches that erode customer confidence in our solutions. Similarly, incomplete or outdated member information would diminish the ability of our marketing solutions customers to reach their target audiences and our ability to provide our customers with valuable insights. Therefore, we must provide features and products that demonstrate the value of our network to our members and motivate them to contribute additional, timely and accurate information to their profile and our network. If we fail to successfully motivate our members to do so, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

We process, store and use personal information and other data, which subjects us to governmental regulation and other legal obligations related to privacy, and our actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could harm our business.

We receive, store and process personal information and other member data, and we enable our members to share their personal information with each other and with third parties. There are numerous federal, state and local laws around the world regarding privacy and the storing, sharing, use, processing, disclosure and protection of personal information and other member data, the scope of which are changing, subject to differing interpretations, and may be inconsistent between countries or conflict with other rules. We generally comply with industry standards and are subject to the terms of our privacy policies and privacy-related obligations to third parties (including voluntary third-party certification bodies such as TRUSTe). We strive to comply with all applicable laws, policies, legal obligations and industry codes of conduct relating to privacy and data protection, to the extent possible. However, it is possible that these obligations may be interpreted and applied in new ways and/or in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other rules or our practices or that new regulations could be enacted. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with our privacy policies, our privacy-related obligations to users or other third parties, or our privacy-related legal obligations, or any compromise of security that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally identifiable information or other member data, may result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation or public statements against us by consumer advocacy groups or others and could cause our members and customers to lose trust in us, which could have an adverse effect on our business. Additionally, if third parties we work with, such as customers, vendors or developers, violate applicable laws or our policies, such violations may also put our members’ information at risk and could in turn have an adverse effect on our business.

Public scrutiny of Internet privacy issues may result in increased regulation and different industry standards, which could deter or prevent us from providing our current products and solutions to our members and customers, thereby harming our business.

The regulatory framework for privacy issues worldwide is currently in flux and is likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. Practices regarding the collection, use, storage, transmission and security of personal information by companies operating over the Internet have recently come under increased public scrutiny. The U.S. government, including the White House, the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Commerce, are reviewing the need for greater regulation for the collection of information concerning consumer behavior on the Internet, including regulation aimed at restricting certain targeted advertising practices. The White House recently published a report calling for a consumer privacy Bill of Rights that could impact the collection of data on the Internet. In addition, the European Union is in the process of proposing reforms to its existing data protection legal framework, which may result in a greater compliance burden for companies with users in

 

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Europe. Various government and consumer agencies have also called for new regulation and changes in industry practices. Recently, the State of California and several other states have adopted privacy guidelines with respect to mobile applications.

Our business, including our ability to operate and expand internationally, could be adversely affected if legislation or regulations are adopted, interpreted, or implemented in a manner that is inconsistent with our current business practices and that require changes to these practices, the design of our website, products, features or our privacy policy. In particular, the success of our business has been, and we expect will continue to be, driven by our ability to responsibly use the data that our members share with us. Therefore, our business could be harmed by any significant change to applicable laws, regulations or industry practices regarding the use or disclosure of data our members choose to share with us, or regarding the manner in which the express or implied consent of consumers for such use and disclosure is obtained. Such changes may require us to modify our products and features, possibly in a material manner, and may limit our ability to develop new products and features that make use of the data that our members voluntarily share with us.

Our business is subject to a variety of U.S. and foreign laws, many of which are unsettled and still developing and which could subject us to claims or otherwise harm our business.

We are subject to a variety of laws in the United States and abroad, including laws regarding data retention, privacy and consumer protection, that are continuously evolving and developing. The scope and interpretation of the laws that are or may be applicable to us are often uncertain and may be conflicting, particularly laws outside the United States. For example, laws relating to the liability of providers of online services for activities of their users and other third parties are currently being tested by a number of claims, including actions based on invasion of privacy and other torts, unfair competition, copyright and trademark infringement, and other theories based on the nature and content of the materials searched, the ads posted, or the content provided by users. In addition, regulatory authorities around the world are considering a number of legislative and regulatory proposals concerning privacy and data protection and other matters that may be applicable to our business. It is also likely that as our business grows and evolves and our solutions are used in a greater number of countries, we will become subject to laws and regulations in additional jurisdictions. It is difficult to predict how existing laws will be applied to our business and the new laws to which we may become subject.

If we are not able to comply with these laws or regulations or if we become liable under these laws or regulations, we could be directly harmed, and we may be forced to implement new measures to reduce our exposure to this liability. This may require us to expend substantial resources or to discontinue certain solutions, which would negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the increased attention focused upon liability issues as a result of lawsuits and legislative proposals could harm our reputation or otherwise impact the growth of our business. Any costs incurred as a result of this potential liability could harm our business and operating results.

We expect our operating results to fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis, which may result in a decline in our stock price if such fluctuations result in a failure to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors.

Our revenue and operating results could vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year and may fail to match our past performance because of a variety of factors, some of which are outside of our control. Any of these events could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to fluctuate. Factors that may contribute to the variability of our operating results include:

 

   

the unproven nature of our business model;

 

   

our commitment to putting our members first even if it means forgoing short-term revenue opportunities;

 

   

the cost of investing in our technology infrastructure may be greater than we anticipate;

 

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our ability to increase our member base and member engagement;

 

   

disruptions or outages in our website availability, actual or perceived breaches of privacy, and compromises of our member data;

 

   

the entrance of new competitors in our market whether by established companies or the entrance of new companies;

 

   

changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;

 

   

macroeconomic changes, in particular, deterioration in labor markets, which would adversely impact sales of our hiring solutions, or economic growth that does not lead to job growth, for instance increases in productivity;

 

   

the timing and costs of expanding our field sales organization and delays or inability in achieving expected productivity;

 

   

the timing of certain expenditures, including hiring of employees and capital expenditures;

 

   

our ability to increase sales of our products and solutions to new customers and expand sales of additional products and solutions to our existing customers;

 

   

the size and seasonal variability of our customers’ recruiting and marketing budgets;

 

   

the extent to which existing customers renew their agreements with us and the timing and terms of those renewals; and

 

   

general industry and macroeconomic conditions.

Given our short operating history and the rapidly evolving market of online professional networks, our historical operating results may not be useful to you in predicting our future operating results. We believe our rapid growth has masked the cyclicality and seasonality of our business. As our revenue growth rate slows, we expect that the cyclicality and seasonality in our business may become more pronounced and may in the future cause our operating results to fluctuate. In particular, we expect sales of hiring solutions to be weaker in the first quarter of the year due to budgetary cycles and sales of our marketing solutions to be weaker in the third quarter of the year as Internet usage during the summer months generally slows. In addition, global economic concerns continue to create uncertainty and unpredictability and add risk to our future outlook. Sovereign debt issues and economic uncertainty in the United States and Europe and around the world raise concerns in markets important to our business. An economic downturn in any particular region in which we do business or globally could result in reductions in sales of our hiring and marketing solutions, decreased renewals of existing arrangements and other adverse effects that could harm our operating results.

We expect our revenue growth rate to decline, and, as our costs increase, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to sustain our profitability over the long term.

From 2008 to 2011, our net revenue grew from $78.8 million to $522.2 million, which represents a compounded annual growth rate of approximately 88%. We expect that, in the future, as our net revenue increases to higher levels our revenue growth rate will decline over time. We also expect that the growth rates of each of our three primary business lines will fluctuate and the business lines may not grow at the same rate. As with 2011, our philosophy in 2012 is to continue to invest for future growth. We expect to continue to expend substantial financial and other resources on:

 

   

our technology infrastructure, including website architecture, development tools scalability, availability, performance and security, as well as disaster recovery measures;

 

   

product development, including investments in our product development team and the development of new features;

 

   

sales and marketing, including a significant expansion of our field sales organization;

 

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international expansion in an effort to increase our member base, engagement and sales; and

 

   

general administration, including legal and accounting expenses related to being a public company.

These investments may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business, and will increase our expenses. If we fail to continue to grow our revenue and overall business, our operating results and business would be harmed.

We expect to face increasing competition in the market for online professional networks from social networking sites and Internet search companies, among others, as well as continued competition for customers of our hiring and marketing solutions.

We face significant competition in all aspects of our business, and we expect such competition to increase, particularly in the market for online professional networks.

Our industry is evolving rapidly and is becoming increasingly competitive. Larger and more established companies may focus on our market and could directly compete with us. Smaller companies, including application developers, could also launch new products and services that compete with us and that could gain market acceptance quickly. We also expect our existing competitors in the markets for hiring and marketing solutions to continue to focus on these areas. A number of these companies may have greater resources than us, which may enable them to compete more effectively. Additionally, users of social networks may choose to use, or increase their use of, those networks for professional purposes, which may result in those users decreasing or eliminating their use of LinkedIn. Companies that currently focus on social networking could also expand their focus to professionals. We and other companies have historically established alliances and relationships with some of these companies to allow broader exposure to users and access to data on the Internet. We may also, in the future, establish alliances or relationships with other competitors or potential competitors. To the extent companies terminate such relationships and establish alliances and relationships with others, our business could be harmed. Specifically, we compete for members, enterprises and professional organizations as discussed below.

Members—Professional Networks. The market for online professional networks is new and rapidly evolving. Other companies such as Facebook, Google, Microsoft and Twitter are developing or could develop competing solutions. Further, some of these companies are partnering with third parties to offer products and services that could compete with ours. We face competition from a number of smaller companies in international markets, such as Xing in Germany and Viadeo in France, that provide online professional networking solutions, as well as Internet companies in the customer relationship management market, such as salesforce.com (Chatter and Jigsaw). Our competitors may announce new products, services or enhancements that better address changing industry standards or the needs of members and customers, such as mobile access. Any such increased competition could cause pricing pressure, loss of market share or decreased member engagement, any of which could adversely affect our business and operating results. Internet search engines could also change their methodologies in ways that adversely affect our ability to optimize our page rankings within their search results.

Enterprises and Professional Organizations—Hiring Solutions. With respect to our hiring solutions, we compete with established online recruiting companies, such as Monster+HotJobs, CareerBuilder and Indeed.com, talent management companies, such as Taleo (which recently announced an agreement to be acquired by Oracle), and traditional recruiting firms. Additionally, other companies, including newcomers to the recruiting industry, may partner with internet companies, including social networking companies, to provide services that compete with our solutions, either on their own or as third party applications, such as BranchOut. If the efficiency and usefulness of our products to enterprises and professional organizations do not continue to exceed those provided by competitors, which factors are influenced by the number and engagement of our members, we will not be able to compete successfully.

Enterprises and Professional Organizations—Advertising and Marketing . With respect to our marketing solutions, we compete with online and offline outlets that generate revenue from advertisers and marketers. To

 

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the extent competitors are better able to provide advertisers with cost-effective access to attractive demographics, either through new business models or increased user volume, we may not be successful in retaining our existing advertisers or attracting new advertisers, and our business would be harmed.

Finally, other companies that provide content for professionals could develop more compelling offerings that compete with our premium subscriptions and adversely impact our ability to sell and renew subscriptions to our members.

If we fail to effectively manage our growth, our business and operating results could be harmed.

We continue to experience rapid growth in our headcount and operations, which will continue to place significant demands on our management and our operational and financial infrastructure. As of December 31, 2011, approximately 52% of our employees had been with us for less than one year and approximately 82% for less than two years. As we continue to grow, we must effectively integrate, develop and motivate a large number of new employees in various countries around the world, and we must maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture. In particular, we intend to continue to make substantial investments to expand our engineering, research and development, field sales, and general and administrative organizations, and our international operations. To attract top talent, we have had to offer, and believe we will need to continue to offer, highly competitive compensation packages before we can validate the productivity of those employees. We face significant competition for talent from other internet and high-growth companies, which include both publicly traded and privately-held companies. As we have transitioned from a private company to a public company, this competition has become even more acute in assessing appropriate compensation packages. The risks of over-hiring (especially given overall macroeconomic risks) or over-compensating and the challenges of integrating a rapidly growing employee base into our corporate culture are exacerbated by our international expansion. Additionally, we may not be able to hire new employees quickly enough to meet our needs. If we fail to effectively manage our hiring needs and successfully integrate our new hires, our efficiency and ability to meet our forecasts and our employee morale, productivity and retention could suffer, and our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

Additionally, if we do not effectively manage the growth of our business and operations, the quality of our solutions could suffer, which could negatively affect our brand, operating results and overall business. Further, we have made changes in the past, and will in the future make changes, to our features, products and services that our members or customers may not like, find useful or agree with. We may also decide to discontinue certain features, products or services, or charge for certain features, products or services that are currently free or increase fees for any of our features, products or services. If members or customers are unhappy with these changes, they may decrease their engagement on our site, or stop using features, products or services or the site generally. They may, in addition, choose to take other types of action against us such as organizing petitions or boycotts focused on our company, our website or any of our services, filing claims with the government or other regulatory bodies, or filing lawsuits against us. Any of these actions could negatively impact our member growth and engagement and our brand, which would harm our business. To effectively manage this growth, we will need to continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls, and our reporting systems and procedures by, among other things:

 

   

improving our information technology infrastructure to maintain the effectiveness of our solutions;

 

   

enhancing information and communication systems to ensure that our employees and offices around the world are well-coordinated and can effectively communicate with each other and our growing base of members, enterprises and professional organizations;

 

   

enhancing our internal controls to ensure timely and accurate reporting of all of our operations; and

 

   

appropriately documenting our information technology systems and our business processes.

 

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These systems enhancements and improvements will require significant capital expenditures and allocation of valuable management and employee resources. If we fail to implement these improvements effectively, our ability to manage our expected growth and comply with the rules and regulations that are applicable to publicly reporting companies will be impaired.

Our international operations are subject to increased challenges and risks.

We have offices around the world and our website is available in English, as well as Czech, Dutch, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Malay, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish and Turkish. We expect to continue to expand our international operations in the future by opening offices in new jurisdictions and expanding our offerings in new languages. However, we have limited operating history as a company outside the United States, and our ability to manage our business and conduct our operations internationally requires considerable management attention and resources and is subject to the particular challenges of supporting a rapidly growing business in an environment of multiple languages, cultures, customs, legal systems, alternative dispute systems, regulatory systems and commercial infrastructures. International expansion will require us to invest significant funds and other resources. Expanding internationally may subject us to risks that we have either not faced before or increase risks that we currently face, including risks associated with:

 

   

recruiting and retaining talented and capable employees in foreign countries and maintaining our company culture across all of our offices;

 

   

providing solutions across a significant distance, in different languages and among different cultures, including potentially modifying our solutions and features to ensure that they are culturally relevant in different countries;

 

   

increased competition from local websites and services, that provide online professional networking solutions, such as Germany-based Xing and France-based Viadeo, who may also expand their geographic footprint;

 

   

compliance with applicable foreign laws and regulations;

 

   

longer payment cycles in some countries;

 

   

credit risk and higher levels of payment fraud;

 

   

compliance with anti-bribery laws including without limitation, compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the UK Anti-Bribery Act;

 

   

currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 

   

foreign exchange controls that might prevent us from repatriating cash earned outside the United States;

 

   

political and economic instability in some countries, specifically in Ireland;

 

   

double taxation of our non-U.S. earnings and potentially adverse tax consequences due to changes in the tax laws of the United States or the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate; and

 

   

higher costs of doing business internationally.

If our revenue from our international operations, and particularly from our operations in the countries and regions on which we have focused our spending, do not exceed the expense of establishing and maintaining these operations, our business and operating results will suffer.

 

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Our business depends on a strong brand, and any failure to maintain, protect and enhance our brand would hurt our ability to retain or expand our base of members, enterprises and professional organizations, or our ability to increase their level of engagement.

We have developed a strong brand that we believe has contributed significantly to the success of our business. Our brand is predicated on the idea that individual professionals will find immense value in building and maintaining their professional identities and reputations on our platform. If our members or potential members determine that they can use other platforms, such as social networks, for the same purposes as or as a replacement for our network, or if they choose to blend their professional and social networking activities, our brand and our business could be harmed. Maintaining, protecting and enhancing the “LinkedIn” brand is critical to expanding our base of members, enterprises, advertisers, corporate customers and other partners, and increasing their engagement with our website, and will depend largely on our ability to maintain member trust, be a technology leader and continue to provide high-quality solutions, which we may not do successfully. If we do not successfully maintain a strong brand, our business could be harmed.

We may not be able to halt the operations of websites that aggregate our data as well as data from other companies, including social networks, or copycat websites that have misappropriated our data in the past or may misappropriate our data in the future. These activities could harm our brand and our business.

From time to time, third parties have misappropriated our data through website scraping, robots or other means and aggregated this data on their websites with data from other companies. In addition, “copycat” websites have misappropriated data on our network and attempted to imitate our brand or the functionality of our website. These activities could degrade our brand and harm our business. When we have become aware of such websites, we have employed technological or legal measures in an attempt to halt their operations. However, we may not be able to detect all such websites in a timely manner and, even if we could, technological and legal measures may be insufficient to stop their operations. In some cases, particularly in the case of websites operating outside of the United States, our available remedies may not be adequate to protect us against such websites. Regardless of whether we can successfully enforce our rights against these websites, any measures that we may take could require us to expend significant financial or other resources.

Failure to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our business and operating results.

We regard the protection of our trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, trade dress, domain names and patents as critical to our success. In particular, we must maintain, protect and enhance the “LinkedIn” brand. We strive to protect our intellectual property rights by relying on federal, state and common law rights, as well as contractual restrictions. We enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and contractors, and confidentiality agreements with parties with whom we conduct business in order to limit access to, and disclosure and use of, our proprietary information. However, these contractual arrangements and the other steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property may not prevent the misappropriation of our proprietary information or deter independent development of similar technologies by others.

We pursue the registration of our domain names, trademarks, and service marks in the United States and in certain locations outside the United States. Effective trade secret, copyright, trademark, trade dress, domain name and patent prosecution is expensive to develop and maintain, both in terms of initial and ongoing registration requirements and the costs of defending our rights. We are seeking to protect our trademarks, patents, and domain names in an increasing number of jurisdictions, a process that is expensive and may not be successful or which may not pursue in every location. We may, over time, increase our investment in protecting our innovations through increased patent filing that is expensive and time-consuming.

Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights, protect our respective trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of proprietary rights claimed by others. Any litigation of this nature, regardless of outcome or merit, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management and technical resources, any

 

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of which could adversely affect our business and operating results. We may incur significant costs in enforcing our trademarks against those who attempt to imitate our “LinkedIn” brand. If we fail to maintain, protect and enhance our intellectual property rights, our business and operating results may be harmed and the market price of our Class A common stock could decline.

We are, and may in the future be, subject to legal proceedings and litigation, including intellectual property and privacy disputes, which are costly to defend and could harm our business and operating results.

We are party to lawsuits in the normal course of business. Litigation in general is often expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. We are currently facing, and expect to face in the future, allegations and lawsuits that we have infringed the intellectual property and other rights of third parties, including patents, privacy, trademarks, copyrights and other rights. Litigation, and particularly the patent infringement and class action matters we are facing or may face, may be protracted and expensive, and the results are difficult to predict. Adverse outcomes may result in significant settlement costs or judgments, require us to modify our products and features while we develop non-infringing substitutes or require us to stop offering certain features.

In addition, we use open source software in our solutions and will use open source software in the future. From time to time, we may face claims against companies that incorporate open source software into their products, claiming ownership of, or demanding release of, the source code, the open source software and/or derivative works that were developed using such software, or otherwise seeking to enforce the terms of the applicable open source license. These claims could also result in litigation, require us to purchase a costly license or require us to devote additional research and development resources to change our solutions, any of which would have a negative effect on our business and operating results.

Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, and determining reserves for pending litigation requires significant judgment, we do not believe that the final outcome of any matter that we currently face will have a material adverse effect on our business. However, there can be no assurance that our expectations will prove correct, and even if these matters are not resolved in our favor or without significant cash settlements, these matters, and the time and resources necessary to litigate or, resolve them, could harm our business, our operating results, our reputation or the market price of our Class A common stock.

If we do not continue to attract new customers, or if existing customers do not renew their subscriptions, renew on less favorable terms, or fail to purchase additional solutions, we may not achieve our revenue projections, and our operating results would be harmed.

In order to grow our business, we must continually attract new customers, sell additional solutions to existing customers and reduce the level of non-renewals in our business. Our ability to do so depends in large part on the success of our sales and marketing efforts. We do not typically enter into long-term contracts with our customers, and even when we do, they can generally terminate their relationship with us. We have limited historical data with respect to rates of customer renewals, upgrades and expansions, so we may not accurately predict future trends for any of these metrics. Furthermore, unlike traditional software companies, the nature of our products and solutions is such that customers may decide to terminate or not renew their agreements with us without causing significant disruptions to their own businesses.

We must demonstrate that our hiring solutions are an important recruiting tool for enterprises and professional organizations and that our marketing solutions provide them with access to an audience of one of the most influential, affluent and highly educated audiences on the Internet. However, potential customers may not be familiar with our solutions or may prefer other more traditional products and services for their hiring, advertising and marketing needs.

The rate at which we expand our customer base or increase our customers’ renewal rates may decline or fluctuate because of several factors, including the prices of our solutions, the prices of products and services

 

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offered by our competitors, reduced hiring by our customers or reductions in their hiring or marketing spending levels due to macroeconomic or other factors and the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of our solutions. If we do not attract new customers or if our customers do not renew their agreements for our solutions, renew on less favorable terms, or do not purchase additional functionality or offerings, our revenue may grow more slowly than expected or decline.

Ultimately, attracting new customers and retaining existing customers requires that we continue to provide high quality solutions that our customers value, and we focus on customer acquisition and market penetration rather than pricing. In particular, our hiring solutions customers will discontinue their purchases of our solutions if we fail to effectively connect them with the talent they seek, and our premium subscribers will discontinue their subscriptions if they do not find the networking and business opportunities that they value. Similarly, customers of our marketing solutions will not continue to do business with us if their advertisements do not reach their intended audiences. Therefore we must continue to demonstrate to our customers that using our marketing solutions is the most effective and cost-efficient way to maximize their results. Even if our marketing solutions are providing value to our customers, advertisers are sensitive to general economic downturns and reductions in consumer spending, among other events and trends, which generally results in reduced advertising expenditures and could adversely affect sales of our marketing solutions. If we fail to provide high quality solutions and convince customers of our value proposition, we may not be able to retain existing customers or attract new customers, which would harm our business and operating results.

Because we recognize most of the revenue from our hiring solutions and our premium subscriptions over the term of the agreement, a significant downturn in these businesses may not be immediately reflected in our operating results.

We recognize revenue from sales of our hiring solutions and premium subscriptions over the terms of the agreements, which is typically 12 months. As a result, a significant portion of the revenue we report in each quarter is generated from agreements entered into during previous quarters. Consequently, a decline in new or renewed agreements in any one quarter may not significantly impact our revenue in that quarter but will negatively affect our revenue in future quarters. In addition, we may be unable to adjust our fixed costs in response to reduced revenue. Accordingly, the effect of significant declines in the sales of these offerings may not be reflected in our short-term results of operations.

We depend on world class talent to grow and operate our business, and if we are unable to hire, retain and motivate our personnel, we may not be able to grow effectively.

Our future success will depend upon our continued ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain world class talent. Our ability to execute efficiently is dependent upon contributions from all of our employees, in particular our senior management team. Key institutional knowledge remains with a small group of long-term employees and directors whom we may not be able to retain. We may not be able to retain the services of any of our long-term employees or other members of senior management in the future. We do not have employment agreements other than offer letters with any key employee, and we do not maintain key person life insurance for any employee. In addition, from time to time, there may be changes in our senior management team that may be disruptive to our business. If our senior management team, including any new hires that we may make, fails to work together effectively and to execute our plans and strategies on a timely basis, our business could be harmed.

Our growth strategy also depends on our ability to expand and retain our organization with world class talent. Identifying, recruiting, training and integrating qualified individuals will require significant time, expense and attention. In addition to hiring new employees, we must continue to focus on retaining our best talent. Competition for these resources is intense, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area, where our headquarters is located. We may need to invest significant amounts of cash and equity for new employees and we may never realize returns on these investments. If we are not able to effectively increase and retain our talent, our ability to achieve our strategic objectives will be adversely impacted, and our business will be harmed.

 

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We believe that our culture has the potential to be a key contributor to our success. From 2009 to 2010, we doubled the size of our workforce, and we expect to continue to hire aggressively as we expand, especially in field sales and internationally. If we do not continue to develop our corporate culture as we grow and evolve, including maintaining our culture of transparency with our employees, it could harm our ability to foster the innovation, creativity and teamwork we believe we need to support our growth. In addition, we completed our initial public offering in May 2011. As a result, employees who have been with us for longer than a year have been able to and may continue to realize substantial financial gains in connection with the sales of their shares from the exercise of their vested options, which could result in a loss of employees. There will likely be disparities of wealth between those of our employees whom we hired prior to our initial public offering in May 2011 and those who joined us after we became a public company, which could adversely impact relations among employees and our culture in general.

Many individuals are using devices other than personal computers to access the Internet. If users of these devices do not widely adopt solutions we develop for these devices, our business could be adversely affected.

The number of people who access the Internet through devices other than personal computers, including mobile telephones, personal digital assistants, smart phones and handheld tablets or computers, has increased dramatically in the past few years and is projected to continue to increase. If we are unable to develop mobile solutions to meet the needs of our users, our business could suffer. Additionally, as new devices and new platforms are continually being released, it is difficult to predict the problems we may encounter in developing versions of our solutions for use on these alternative devices, and we may need to devote significant resources to the creation, support, and maintenance of such devices.

The effectiveness of our marketing solutions depends in part on our relationships with advertising serving technology companies.

We rely, in part, on advertising serving technology companies to deliver our marketing solutions product. Our agreements with these companies may not be extended or renewed after their respective expirations, or we may not be able to extend or renew our agreements on terms and conditions favorable to us. If these agreements are terminated, we may not be able to enter into agreements with alternative companies on acceptable terms or on a timely basis or both, which could negatively impact revenue from our marketing solutions.

Enterprises or professional organizations, including governmental agencies, may restrict access to our website, which could lead to the loss or slowing of growth in our member base or the level of member engagement.

Our solutions depend on the ability of our members to access the Internet and our website. Enterprises or professional organizations, including governmental agencies, could block access to our website or the Internet generally for a number of reasons such as security or confidentiality concerns or regulatory reasons, or they may adopt policies that prohibit listing the employers’ names on the employees’ LinkedIn profiles in order to minimize the risk that employees will be contacted and hired by other employers. For example, the government of the People’s Republic of China previously blocked access to our site in China for a short period of time. We cannot assure you that the Chinese government will not block access to one or more of our features and products or our entire site in China for a longer period of time or permanently. If these entities block or limit access to our website or adopt policies restricting our members from providing us with accurate and up-to-date information, the value of our network could be negatively impacted, which would adversely affect our ability to offer compelling hiring and marketing solutions and subscriptions to our members, enterprises, professional organizations and customers.

If Internet search engines’ methodologies are modified or our search result page rankings decline for other reasons, our member engagement could decline.

We depend in part on various Internet search engines, such as Google, Bing and Yahoo!, to direct a significant amount of traffic to our website. Our ability to maintain the number of visitors directed to our website

 

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is not entirely within our control. Our competitors’ search engine optimization, or SEO, efforts may result in their websites receiving a higher search result page ranking than ours, or Internet search engines could revise their methodologies in an attempt to improve their search results, which could adversely affect the placement of our search result page ranking. If search engine companies modify their search algorithms in ways that are detrimental to our new user growth or in ways that make it harder for our members to use our website, or if our competitors’ SEO efforts are more successful than ours, overall growth in our member base could slow, member engagement could decrease, and we could lose existing members. These modifications may be prompted by search engine companies entering the online professional networking market or aligning with competitors. Our website has experienced fluctuations in search result rankings in the past, and we anticipate similar fluctuations in the future. Any reduction in the number of users directed to our website would harm our business and operating results.

Our business depends on continued and unimpeded access to the internet by us and our members. If government regulations relating to the Internet or other areas of our business change or Internet access providers are able to block, degrade, or charge for access to certain of our products and services, we could incur additional expenses and the loss of members and customers.

Our products and services depend on the ability of our members and customers to access the internet. The adoption of any laws or regulations that adversely affect the growth, popularity or use of the Internet, including laws limiting Internet neutrality, could decrease the demand for our subscription service and increase our cost of doing business. For example, in late 2010, the Federal Communications Commission adopted so-called net neutrality rules intended, in part, to prevent network operators from discriminating against legal traffic that transverse their networks. The rules are currently subject to legal challenge and some of internet providers have taken, or have stated that they may take, measures that could degrade, disrupt, or increase the cost of user access to the Internet, which could result in decreased usage of our products and services by our members and our customers. To the extent that these rules are interpreted to enable network operators to engage in discriminatory practices or are overturned by legal challenge, our business could be adversely impacted. Other proposed regulations, like the Stop Online Piracy Act and the Protect IP Act, would also impair access to the internet and our business if enacted.

Our growth depends in part on the success of our strategic relationships with third parties.

We anticipate that we will continue to depend on relationships with various third parties, including technology and content providers to grow our business. Identifying, negotiating and documenting relationships with third parties require significant time and resources, as does integrating third-party content and technology. Our agreements with technology and content providers and similar third parties are typically non-exclusive and do not prohibit them from working with our competitors or from offering competing services. Our competitors may be effective in providing incentives to these parties to favor their solutions or may prevent us from developing strategic relationships with these parties. In addition, these third parties may not perform as expected under our agreements with them, and we have had, and may in the future have, disagreements or disputes with these parties, which could negatively affect our brand and reputation. It is possible that these third parties may not be able to devote the resources we expect to the relationship. If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our relationships with these third parties, our ability to compete in the marketplace or to grow our revenue could be impaired, and our operating results would suffer. Even if we are successful, these relationships may not result in improved operating results.

If currency exchange rates fluctuate substantially in the future, the results of our operations, which are reported in U.S. dollars, could be adversely affected.

As we continue to expand our international operations, we become more exposed to the effects of fluctuations in currency exchange rates. We incur expenses for employee compensation and other operating expenses at our non-U.S. locations in the local currency, and an increasing percentage of our international

 

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revenue is from customers who pay us in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Fluctuations in the exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and those other currencies could result in the dollar equivalent of such expenses being higher and/or the dollar equivalent of such foreign-denominated revenue being lower than would be the case if exchange rates were stable. This has resulted in losses on foreign currency exchange in the past and could have a negative impact on our reported operating results.

We began to hedge risks associated with foreign currency transactions using forward contracts in December 2011. In the future, we may engage in additional hedging strategies, such as options or foreign exchange swaps related to transaction exposures. However, there can be no assurance that any strategies we implement to mitigate this risk will eliminate our exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations. Additionally, hedging programs expose us to risks that could adversely affect our operating results, including the following:

 

   

We have limited experience in implementing or operating hedging programs. Hedging programs are inherently risky and we could lose money as a result of poor trades.

 

   

We may be unable to hedge currency risk for some transactions or match the accounting for the hedge with the exposure because of a high level of uncertainty or the inability to reasonably estimate our foreign exchange exposures.

 

   

We may be unable to acquire foreign exchange hedging instruments in some of the geographic areas where we do business, or, where these derivatives are available, we may not be able to acquire enough of them to fully offset our exposure.

 

   

We may determine that the cost of acquiring a foreign exchange hedging instrument outweighs the benefit we expect to derive from the derivative, in which case we would not purchase the derivative and be exposed to unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates.

The intended tax benefits of our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements depend on the application of the tax laws of various jurisdictions and on how we operate our business.

Our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements, including the manner in which we develop and use our intellectual property and the transfer pricing of our intercompany transactions, are intended to reduce our worldwide effective tax rate. The application of the tax laws of various jurisdictions, including the United States, to our international business activities is subject to interpretation and depends on our ability to operate our business in a manner consistent with our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements. The taxing authorities of the jurisdictions in which we operate may challenge our methodologies for valuing developed technology or intercompany arrangements, including our transfer pricing, or determine that the manner in which we operate our business does not achieve the intended tax consequences, which could increase our worldwide effective tax rate and harm our financial position and results of operations.

The enactment of legislation implementing changes in the U.S. taxation of international business activities or the adoption of other tax reform policies could materially impact our financial position and results of operations.

The current administration has made public statements indicating that it has made international tax reform a priority, and key members of the U.S. Congress have conducted hearings and proposed new legislation. Changes to U.S. tax laws, including limitations on the ability of taxpayers to claim and utilize foreign tax credits and the deferral of certain tax deductions until earnings outside of the United States are repatriated to the United States, as well as changes to U.S. tax laws that may be enacted in the future, could impact the tax treatment of our foreign earnings. Due to the large and expanding scale of our international business activities, any changes in the U.S. taxation of such activities may increase our worldwide effective tax rate and harm our financial position and results of operations.

 

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We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

We intend to continue to make investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new features and products or enhance our existing solutions, improve our operating infrastructure or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we may engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. For example, in November 2011, we completed a follow-on offering in which we sold a total of approximately 2.6 million shares (including over-allotments) of our Class A Common Stock. If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our Class A common stock. Any debt financing we secure in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired, and our business may be harmed.

Acquisitions and investments could result in operating difficulties, dilution, and other harmful consequences that may adversely impact our business and results of operations.

Since the beginning of 2010, we have acquired several small, private companies. While these smaller acquisitions were primarily to acquire talent and technology, we may engage in larger acquisitions in the future and these transactions could be material to our financial condition and results of operations. We also expect to continue to evaluate and enter into discussions regarding a wide array of potential strategic transactions. The process of integrating an acquired company, business, or technology has created, and will continue to create, unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. The areas where we face risks include:

 

   

loss of key employees of the acquired company and other challenges associated integrating new employees into our culture;

 

   

diversion of management time and focus from operating our business to acquisition integration challenges;

 

   

implementation or remediation of controls, procedures, and policies at the acquired company;

 

   

integration of the acquired company’s accounting, human resource, and other administrative systems, and coordination of product, engineering, and sales and marketing function;

 

   

failure to successfully further develop the acquired technology; and

 

   

liability for activities of the acquired company before the acquisition, including patent and trademark infringement claims, violations of laws, commercial disputes, tax liabilities, and other known and unknown liabilities.

These risks or other problems encountered in connection with our acquisitions and investments could cause us to fail to realize the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions or investments, incur unanticipated liabilities, and adversely affect our business generally.

Future acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of our equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, or amortization expenses, or write-offs of goodwill, any of which could harm our financial condition. Also, the anticipated benefit of many of our acquisitions may not materialize.

 

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Risks Related to Our Class A Common Stock

The dual class structure of our common stock as contained in our charter documents has the effect of concentrating voting control with those stockholders who held our stock prior to our initial public offering, including our founders and our executive officers, employees and directors and their affiliates, and limiting our other stockholders’ ability to influence corporate matters.

Our Class B common stock has 10 votes per share, and our Class A common stock has one vote per share. Stockholders who hold shares of Class B common stock, including our founders, and our executive officers, employees and directors and their affiliates, together held approximately 93.7% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock as of December 31, 2011. Our co-founder and Chair, Reid Hoffman, controlled approximately 18.7% of our outstanding shares of Class A and Class B common stock, representing approximately 29.2% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock as of December 31, 2011. Therefore, Mr. Hoffman has significant influence over the management and affairs of the company and over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including election of directors and significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of our company or its assets. Mr. Hoffman will continue to have significant influence over these matters for the foreseeable future.

In addition, the holders of Class B common stock collectively will continue to be able to control all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval even if their stock holdings represent less than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Because of the 10-to-1 voting ratio between our Class B and Class A common stock, the holders of our Class B common stock collectively will continue to control a majority of the combined voting power of our common stock even when the shares of Class B common stock represent as little as 10% of the combined voting power of all outstanding shares of our Class A and Class B common stock. This concentrated control will limit the ability of our Class A stockholders to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future, and, as a result, the market price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected.

Future transfers by holders of Class B common stock will generally result in those shares converting to Class A common stock, which will have the effect, over time, of increasing the relative voting power of those holders of Class B common stock who retain their shares in the long term. If, for example, Mr. Hoffman retains a significant portion of his holdings of Class B common stock for an extended period of time, he could, in the future, control a majority of the combined voting power of our Class A and Class B common stock. As a board member, Mr. Hoffman owes a fiduciary duty to our stockholders and must act in good faith in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of our stockholders. As a stockholder, even a controlling stockholder, Mr. Hoffman is entitled to vote his shares in his own interests, which may not always be in the interests of our stockholders generally.

Our stock price has been and will likely continue to be volatile.

The trading price of our Class A common stock has been, and is likely to continue to be, highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Since shares of our common stock were sold in our initial public offering in May 2011 at a price of $45.00 per share, our stock price has ranged from $55.98 to $122.70 through December 31, 2011. In addition to the factors discussed in this “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, factors that may cause volatility in our share price include:

 

   

issuance of new or updated research or reports by securities analysts;

 

   

fluctuations in the valuation of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us;

 

   

fluctuations in certain valuation metrics such as our price to earnings ratio;

 

   

sales of our Class A or Class B common stock by us or our stockholders, including sales of shares by stockholders who were recently released from lock-up agreements entered into in connection with our follow-on offering in November 2011;

 

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share price and volume fluctuations attributable to inconsistent trading volume levels of our shares;

 

   

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial condition and operating results;

 

   

actual or anticipated changes in the growth rate of our non-financial operating metrics, including number of registered members, unique visitors and page views;

 

   

changes in projected operational and financial results;

 

   

addition or loss of significant customers;

 

   

changes in laws or regulations applicable to our solutions, including changes related to privacy issues;

 

   

actual or anticipated changes in our growth rate relative to our competitors;

 

   

announcements of technological innovations or new solutions by us or our competitors;

 

   

announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital-raising activities or commitments, including initial public offerings of stock by other companies in our industry;

 

   

additions or departures of key personnel; and

 

   

general economic and market conditions.

Furthermore, the stock markets recently have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many companies. These fluctuations often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions such as recessions, interest rate changes, international currency fluctuations or political unrest, may negatively impact the market price of our Class A common stock. In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention from other business concerns, which could harm our business.

There may be a limited market for investors in our industry.

There are few publicly traded companies in the social and professional networking and related industries at this time, and, in fact, we were among the first social networking companies to go public. In addition, other companies in our industry are in the process of going public, and others may do so in the relatively near future. Investors may have limited funds to invest in the social and professional networking sector, and as publicly traded securities in these industries become more available, investors who have purchased or may in the future purchase securities in this sector may choose to sell LinkedIn securities that they have already purchased in favor of these other companies, and/or choose to invest in other companies, including our competitors. As a result, demand for our Class A common stock could decline, which would result in a corresponding decline in our stock price.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of us more difficult, limit attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management and limit the market price of our Class A common stock.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include provisions that:

 

   

authorize our board of directors to issue, without further action by the stockholders, up to 100,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock;

 

   

require that any action to be taken by our stockholders be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting and not by written consent;

 

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specify that special meetings of our stockholders can be called only by our board of directors, the Chair of our board of directors, or our Chief Executive Officer;

 

   

establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting, including proposed nominations of persons for election to our board of directors;

 

   

establish that our board of directors is divided into three classes, Class I, Class II and Class III, with each class serving three-year staggered terms;

 

   

prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors;

 

   

provide that our directors may be removed only for cause;

 

   

provide that vacancies on our board of directors may be filled only by a majority of directors then in office, even though less than a quorum;

 

   

require the approval of our board of directors or the holders of a supermajority of our outstanding shares of capital stock to amend our bylaws and certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation; and

 

   

reflect two classes of common stock, as discussed above.

These provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “interested” stockholder for a period of three years following the date on which the stockholder became an “interested” stockholder.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our Class A common stock depends, to some extent, on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our shares, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert management’s attention and affect our ability to attract and retain qualified board members.

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Act, the listing requirements of the NYSE and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations has increased and will continue to increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly, and increase demand on our systems and resources. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard, significant resources and management oversight may be required. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business and operating results. Although we have hired additional employees to comply with these requirements, we may need to hire more employees in the future, which will increase our costs and expenses.

 

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In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be harmed.

As a public company that is subject to these rules and regulations, we may find that it is more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors and qualified executive officers.

We are obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal controls over financial reporting. We may not complete our analysis of our internal controls over financial reporting in a timely manner, or these internal controls may not be determined to be effective, which may adversely affect investor confidence in our company and, as a result, the value of our Class A common stock.

We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for 2012. This assessment will need to include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting, as well as a statement that our auditors have issued an attestation report on our management’s assessment of our internal controls.

We are in the early stages of the costly and challenging process of compiling the system and processing documentation necessary to perform the evaluation needed to comply with Section 404. We may not be able to complete our evaluation, testing and any required remediation in a timely fashion. During the evaluation and testing process, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal controls are effective.

If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our auditors are unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would cause the price of our Class A common stock to decline.

We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We anticipate that we will retain all of our future earnings for use in the development of our business and for general corporate purposes. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their Class A common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments.

 

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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

Item 2. Properties

As of December 31, 2011, we lease approximately 198,000 square feet of space in our headquarters in Mountain View, California. We recently entered into an amendment to a lease that provides for approximately 158,000 additional square feet effective as of January 1, 2012, and approximately another 70,000 additional square feet to be constructed by our landlord. The lease term has been extended by ten years from the estimated date of delivery of the newly constructed building, and is currently estimated to expire in 2023. We also lease additional sales and marketing and customer support offices in Chicago, New York, Omaha, San Francisco, San Mateo and Santa Monica. We lease our international headquarters office in Dublin, Ireland and lease additional sales and marketing offices in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, Sweden and the United Kingdom. We also operate data centers in the United States pursuant to various lease agreements.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are subject to legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, certain pending patent and privacy litigation matters, including class action lawsuits. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, we do not believe that the final disposition of any of these matters will have a material effect on our business. Certain of these matters include speculative claims for substantial or indeterminate amounts of damages, and could include claims for injunctive relief. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Periodically, we evaluate developments in our legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that has been previously accrued, if any, and make adjustments as appropriate. Significant judgment is required to determine both likelihood of there being, and the estimated amount of, a loss related to such matters, and our judgment may be incorrect. The outcome of any proceeding is not determinable in advance. Until the final resolution of any such matters that we may be required to accrue for, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of the amount accrued, and such amounts could be material.

 

 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our Class A common stock has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange LLC (“NYSE”) under the symbol “LNKD” since May 19, 2011. Prior to that date, there was no public trading market for our Class A common stock. There is no public trading market for our Class B common stock. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low sales price per share of our Class A common stock as reported on the NYSE for the periods indicated:

 

     High      Low  

Year Ended December 31, 2011:

     

Second Quarter (from May 19, 2011)

   $ 122.70       $ 60.14   

Third Quarter

   $ 115.05       $ 70.04   

Fourth Quarter

   $ 95.00       $ 55.98   

On December 31, 2011, the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $63.01 per share. As of December 31, 2011, we had 73 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 225 holders of record of our Class B common stock. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of record holders, and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners, but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

We have never declared or paid, and do not anticipate declaring or paying, any cash dividends on our capital stock. Any future determination as to the declaration and payment of dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on then existing conditions, including our financial condition, operating results, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.

 

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Performance Graph

This performance graph shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of LinkedIn Corporation under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

The following graph shows a comparison from May 19, 2011 (the date our common stock commenced trading on the NYSE) through December 31, 2011 of the cumulative total return for our Class A common stock, the S&P 500 Index and the SNL Kagan New Media Index. Such returns are based on historical results and are not intended to suggest future performance. Data for the S&P 500 Index and the SNL Kagan New Media Index assume reinvestment of dividends.

 

LOGO

 

    Period Ending  

Index

  05/18/11     05/31/11     06/30/11     07/31/11     08/31/11     09/30/11     10/31/11     11/30/11     12/31/11  

LinkedIn Corporation

    100.00        181.29        200.20        224.51        186.93        173.51        199.78        146.51        140.02   

S&P 500

    100.00        100.40        98.73        96.72        91.47        85.04        94.33        94.12        95.08   

SNL Kagan New Media

    100.00        101.12        100.19        110.59        106.55        102.17        109.80        104.62        107.83   

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

  a) Use of Proceeds from Public Offering and Follow-on Offering of Common Stock

On May 24, 2011, we closed our IPO, in which we sold 6,003,804 shares of Class A common stock at a price to the public of $45.00 per share. The aggregate offering price for shares sold in the offering was approximately $270.2 million. The offer and sale of all of the shares in the IPO were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-171903), which was declared effective by the SEC on May 18, 2011. The offering commenced as of May 18, 2011 and did not terminate before all of the securities registered in the registration statement were sold. Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Allen & Company LLC and UBS Securities LLC acted as the

 

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underwriters. We raised approximately $248.4 million in net proceeds after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $17.9 million and other offering expenses of approximately $3.8 million. No payments were made by us to directors, officers or persons owning ten percent or more of our common stock or to their associates, or to our affiliates, other than payments in the ordinary course of business to officers for salaries, or as a result of sales of shares of common stock by selling stockholders in the offering.

On November 22, 2011, we closed our follow-on offering, in which we sold 2,583,755 shares of Class A common stock at a price to the public of $71.00 per share. The aggregate offering price for shares sold in the offering was approximately $183.4 million. The offer and sale of all of the shares in the follow-on offering were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-177710), which was declared effective by the SEC on November 16, 2011. The offering commenced as of November 16, 2011 and did not terminate before all of the securities registered in the registration statement were sold. Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Allen & Company LLC and UBS Securities LLC acted as the underwriters. We raised approximately $177.3 million in net proceeds after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $5.3 million and other offering expenses of approximately $0.8 million. No payments were made by us to directors, officers or persons owning ten percent or more of our common stock or to their associates, or to our affiliates, other than payments in the ordinary course of business to officers for salaries, or as a result of sales of shares of common stock by selling stockholders in the offering.

The proceeds from the IPO and our follow-on offering have been used for working capital, sales and marketing activities, including further expansion of our product development and field sales organizations and general corporate purposes. We have broad discretion over the uses of the net proceeds and may use a portion for the acquisition of, or investment in, technologies, solutions or businesses that complement our business although we have no present commitments or agreements to enter into any material acquisitions or investments. There have been no material differences between the actual use of proceeds and intended use of proceeds as originally described in the IPO or follow-on offering. Based on our current cash and cash equivalents balance together with cash generated from operations, we do not expect that we will have to utilize any of the net proceeds to fund our operations during the next 12 months. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade interest-bearing securities such as money market funds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper and guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.

 

  b) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information with respect to repurchases of unvested shares of our Class B common stock made pursuant the 2003 Plan during the three months ended December 31, 2011. No shares of our Class A common stock were repurchased during the period.

 

Period

   Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased (1)
     Average
Price Paid
per Share
     Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs
     Maximum
Number of
Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased
Under the
Plans or
Programs
 

October 1 – October 31, 2011

     —         $ —           —           —     

November 1 – November 30, 2011

     234         8.27         —           —     

December 1 – December 31, 2011

     2,607         7.91         —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    
     2,841       $ 7.94         —        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

(1) Under the 2003 Plan, participants may exercise options prior to vesting, subject to a right of a repurchase by us. All shares in the above table were shares repurchased as a result of us exercising this right and not pursuant to a publicly announced plan or program.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected historical consolidated financial data below should be read in conjunction with Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our consolidated financial statements, the related notes appearing in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to fully understand factors that may affect the comparability of the information presented below.

The consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements appearing in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements not included in this report. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in the future, and our interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
     (in thousands, except per share data)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

          

Net revenue

   $ 522,189      $ 243,099      $ 120,127      $ 78,773      $ 32,486   

Costs and expenses:

          

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)

     81,448        44,826        25,857        18,589        7,384   

Sales and marketing

     164,703        58,978        26,847        16,986        5,037   

Product development

     132,222        65,104        39,444        29,366        11,578   

General and administrative

     74,871        35,064        19,480        12,976        6,812   

Depreciation and amortization

     43,100        19,551        11,854        6,365        2,107   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     496,344        223,523        123,482        84,282        32,918   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from operations

     25,845        19,576        (3,355     (5,509     (432

Other income (expense), net

     (2,903     (610     230        1,277        773   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

     22,942        18,966        (3,125     (4,232     341   

Provision for income taxes

     11,030        3,581        848        290        13   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

   $ 11,912      $ 15,385      $ (3,973   $ (4,522   $ 328   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

   $ 11,912      $ 3,429      $ (3,973   $ (4,522   $ —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:

          

Basic

   $ 0.15      $ 0.08      $ (0.10   $ (0.11   $ 0.00   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

   $ 0.11      $ 0.07      $ (0.10   $ (0.11   $ 0.00   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used to compute net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:

          

Basic

     77,185        42,446        41,184        42,389        38,092   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

     104,118        46,459        41,184        42,389        38,961   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other Financial and Operational Data:

          

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

   $ 98,713      $ 47,959      $ 14,651      $ 5,461      $ 3,480   

Number of registered members (at period end)

     144,974        90,437        55,111        32,307        16,712   

 

(1)

We define adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss), plus: provision for income taxes, other (income) expense, net, depreciation and amortization, and stock-based compensation. Please see “Adjusted EBITDA” below

 

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  for more information and for a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP.

Stock-based compensation included in the statements of operations data above was as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
      2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (in thousands)  

Cost of revenue

   $ 1,678       $ 439       $ 370       $ 298       $ 87   

Sales and marketing

     8,074         1,225         657         513         163   

Product development

     13,625         3,248         2,346         1,214         599   

General and administrative

     6,391         3,920         2,779         2,580         956   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

   $ 29,768       $ 8,832       $ 6,152       $ 4,605       $ 1,805   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     As of December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  
     (in thousands)  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

              

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 339,048       $ 92,951       $ 89,979       $ 80,495       $ 17,946   

Short-term investments

     238,456         —           —           —           —     

Property and equipment, net

     114,850         56,743         25,730         21,724         9,702   

Working capital

     499,268         66,734         71,885         71,486         10,175   

Total assets

     873,697         238,188         148,559         122,062         35,162   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —           87,981         87,981         87,981         12,700   

Convertible preferred stock

     —           15,846         15,413         15,413         15,413   

Total stockholders’ equity

     624,979         36,249         9,082         5,230         6,589   

Adjusted EBITDA

To provide investors with additional information regarding our financial results, we have disclosed in the table below and within this Annual Report on Form 10-K adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure. We have provided a reconciliation below of adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

We have included adjusted EBITDA in this Annual Report on Form 10-K because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget and to develop short- and long-term operational plans. In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating adjusted EBITDA can provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our core business. Additionally, adjusted EBITDA is a key financial measure used by the compensation committee of our board of directors in connection with the payment of bonuses to our executive officers. Accordingly, we believe that adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

Our use of adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

 

   

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

 

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adjusted EBITDA does not consider the potentially dilutive impact of equity-based compensation;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not reflect tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us; and

 

   

other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate adjusted EBITDA differently, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.

Because of these limitations, you should consider adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including various cash flow metrics, net income (loss) and our other GAAP results. The following table presents a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009     2008     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA:

            

Net income (loss)

   $ 11,912       $ 15,385       $ (3,973   $ (4,522   $ 328   

Provision for income taxes

     11,030         3,581         848        290        13   

Other (income) expense, net

     2,903         610         (230     (1,277     (773

Depreciation and amortization

     43,100         19,551         11,854        6,365        2,107   

Stock-based compensation

     29,768         8,832         6,152        4,605        1,805   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 98,713       $ 47,959       $ 14,651      $ 5,461      $ 3,480   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in “Risk Factors.”

This section and other parts of this Annual Report on Form 10-K contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “believes,” “plans,” “predicts,” and similar terms. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and the Company’s actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the subsection entitled “Risk Factors” above, which are incorporated herein by reference. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All information presented herein is based on the Company’s fiscal calendar. Unless otherwise stated, references in this report to particular years or quarters refer to the Company’s fiscal years ended in December and the associated quarters of those fiscal years. The Company assumes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.

Overview

We are the world’s largest professional network on the Internet and currently have more than 150 million members in over 200 countries and territories. Through our proprietary platform, members are able to create, manage and share their professional identity online, build and engage with their professional network, access shared knowledge and insights, and find business opportunities, enabling them to be more productive and successful. We believe we are the most extensive, accurate and accessible network focused on professionals.

In May 2011, we closed our initial public offering (“IPO”), at which time we sold a total of 6,003,804 shares of our Class A common stock and certain of our stockholders sold a total of 3,012,196 shares of our Class A common stock. In November 2011, we closed our follow-on offering, at which time we sold a total of 2,583,755 shares of our Class A common stock and certain of our stockholders sold a total of 7,478,745 shares of our Class A common stock. We received total cash proceeds of $426.5 million, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other costs, associated with these offerings.

In 2011, we achieved significant growth as compared to 2010 as our network of registered members and member engagement continues to increase and we continue to benefit from our expanded product offerings. Our net revenue was $522.2 million in 2011, which represented an increase of 115% from 2010. Our future growth will depend, in part, on our ability to increase our member base and member engagement, which we believe will result in increased sales of our hiring solutions, marketing solutions and premium subscriptions to new and existing customers.

In 2012, our philosophy is to continue to invest for long-term growth. We expect to continue to invest heavily in our product development efforts to enable our members and customers to derive more value from our platform. In addition, we expect to continue to aggressively expand our field sales organization to market our solutions both in the United States and internationally. We also expect to continue to make significant capital expenditures to upgrade our technology and network infrastructure to improve the ability of our website to handle expected increases in usage and to enable the release of new features and solutions. To support these efforts, we expect to increase our workforce which will result in an increase of headcount related expenses, including stock-based compensation. As of December 31, 2011, we had 2,116 employees, which represented an increase of 114% compared to the same period last year.

 

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Key Metrics

We regularly review a number of metrics, including the following key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions. We believe our number of registered members, unique visitors and page views were positively impacted by the completion of our IPO in 2011.

 

   

Number of Registered Members. We define the number of registered members in our network as the number of individual users who have created a member profile on our website as of the date of measurement. We believe the number of registered members is a key indicator of the growth of our network and our ability to receive the benefits of the network effects resulting from such growth. Growth in our member base depends, in part, on our ability to successfully develop and market our solutions to professionals who have not yet become members of our network. Member growth will also be contingent on our ability to include additional languages on our website and continued international expansion of our member base. We typically experience slower member growth in the third quarter of the year as a result of decreased Internet usage by professionals during the summer months. We believe that a higher number of registered members will result in increased sales of our hiring and marketing solutions and premium subscriptions, as customers will have access to a larger pool of professional talent.

 

     December 31,            December 31,         
     2011      2010      % Change     2010      2009      % Change  
     (in thousands)  

Number of registered members (1)

     144,974         90,437         60     90,437         55,111         64

 

(1) The number of registered members is higher than the number of actual members due to various factors. For more information, see “Risk Factors—The number of our registered members is higher than the number of actual members, and a substantial majority of our page views are generated by a minority of our members.”

The number of our registered members increased by 60% in 2011 compared to 2010, and by 64% in 2010 compared to 2009. Over these same periods, we experienced even greater increases in our net revenue. While growth in the number of registered members is an important indicator of expected revenue growth, it also informs our management’s decisions with respect to those areas of our business that will require further investment to support expected future membership growth. For example, as the number of registered members increases, we will need to increase our capital expenditures to improve our information technology infrastructure to maintain the effectiveness of our solutions and the performance of our website for our members.

 

   

Unique Visitors. We define unique visitors as users who have visited our website at least once during a month regardless of whether they are a member, based on data provided by comScore, a leading provider of digital marketing intelligence. We view unique visitors as a key indicator of growth in our brand awareness among users and whether we are providing our members with useful products and features, thereby increasing member engagement. We believe that a higher level of member engagement will result in increased sales of our hiring and marketing solutions and premium subscriptions, as customers will have access to a larger pool of professional talent. Growth in unique visitors will be driven by our international expansion, growth in the number of registered members and improvements to features and products that drive member traffic to our website.

 

     December 31,         
     2011      2010      % Change  
     (in millions)         

Unique visitors (1)

     84         52         62

 

(1) Worldwide data provided by comScore, a leading provider of digital marketing intelligence. Beginning in August 2009, comScore changed the method by which it counts traffic, which makes prior data not meaningful for period over period comparison purposes.

 

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The number of unique visitors increased by 62% in 2011 compared to 2010, reflecting increased traffic to our website by a growing number of users. While this increase in unique visitors helped to drive the increase in net revenue that we experienced during this period, it also provided management with important insights into the ways in which our users and members were using our website, including how they were coming to our website and which products and features best promoted brand awareness to attract users to our website.

 

   

Page Views. We define page views as the number of pages on our website that users view during the measurement period based on data provided by comScore. Similar to unique visitors, we believe page views is a key indicator for gaining insight into whether we are increasing member engagement and whether our members are deriving value from our solutions. We expect growth in page views will be driven, in part, by improvements in products and features that drive member traffic to our website, growth in the number of registered members and international expansion. However, page views may not capture all of the value that our members and other users derive from our solutions because part of the benefit of certain products and features is that the member or user does not need to visit our website to receive value from our platform. For example, members can respond to emails they receive from other members without accessing their LinkedIn account or our website.

 

     December 31,         
     2011      2010      % Change  
     (in millions)         

Page Views (1)

     29,420         18,059         63

 

(1) Worldwide data provided by comScore, a leading provider of digital marketing intelligence. Beginning in August 2009, comScore changed the method by which it counts traffic, which makes prior data not meaningful for period over period comparison purposes.

The number of page views according to comScore increased 63% in 2011 compared to 2010, reflecting increased use of the information, products and features available on our website by our users. While, similar to the increase in registered members and unique visitors, this increase in page views also helped to drive the increase in net revenue that we experienced during this period, it also provided management with important insights into the ways in which our users were utilizing the information, products and features on our website, which informs management’s decision on how to improve these products and features to provide our users with compelling reasons for continuing to come back to our website.

 

   

Number of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions Customers. We define the number of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers as the number of enterprises and professional organizations that we have under active contracts for this product as of the date of measurement. Our LinkedIn Corporate Solutions include LinkedIn Recruiter, Job Slots, LinkedIn Referral Engine (beta), LinkedIn Recruitment Media and LinkedIn Career Pages. We believe the number of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers is a key indicator of our market penetration in the online recruiting market, the productivity of our field sales organization and the value that our products bring to both large and small enterprises and professional organizations. The number of customers subscribing to our LinkedIn Corporate Solutions product is particularly important to monitor given that we expect revenue from LinkedIn Corporate Solutions to continue to represent a significant portion of our total net revenue, and we are significantly investing in our ability to successfully sell this unique product in a new and rapidly evolving market.

 

     December 31,            December 31,         
     2011      2010      % Change     2010      2009      % Change  

LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers

     9,236         3,865         139     3,865         1,585         144

 

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The number of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers increased by 139% in 2011 compared to 2010, and by 144% in 2010 compared to 2009. During these periods, we experienced an increase in net revenue from sales of our hiring solutions, both in terms of absolute net revenue and as a percentage of our total net revenue (as further described in “Results of Operations” below), which was, and continues to be, largely driven by increases in the number of our customers that have purchased our LinkedIn Corporation Solutions products.

 

   

Sales Channel Mix. Depending on the specific product, we sell our hiring and marketing solutions offline through our field sales organization or online on our website. The vast majority of our premium subscriptions are sold online on our website. Our field sales organization uses a direct sales force to solicit customers, agencies and resellers. This offline channel is characterized by a longer sales cycle where price can be negotiated, higher relative average selling prices, longer contract terms, higher selling expenses and a longer cash collection cycle compared to our online channel.

Our online sales channel allows members to purchase solutions directly on our website. Members can purchase premium subscriptions as well as certain lower priced products in our hiring and marketing solutions, such as job postings and self-service advertising. This channel is characterized by lower average selling prices and higher cancellations compared to our offline channel, lower selling costs due to our automated payments platform and a highly liquid collection cycle.

The following table presents our net revenue by field sales and online sales:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  
     ($ in thousands)  

Field sales

   $ 287,634         55   $ 135,691         56   $ 64,031         53

Online sales

     234,555         45     107,408         44     56,096         47
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 522,189         100   $ 243,099         100   $ 120,127         100
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

To provide investors with additional information regarding our financial results, we have disclosed within this Annual Report on Form 10-K adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure. We have provided a reconciliation below of adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

We have included adjusted EBITDA in this Annual Report on Form 10-K because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget and to develop short- and long-term operational plans. In particular, the exclusion of certain expenses in calculating adjusted EBITDA can provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our core business. Additionally, adjusted EBITDA is a key financial measure used by the compensation committee of our board of directors in connection with the payment of bonuses to our executive officers. Accordingly, we believe that adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

 

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For additional information on the limitations of adjusted EBITDA, see “Adjusted EBITDA” in Item 6 “Selected Financial Data” for more information.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011      2010      2009  
     (in thousands)  

Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA:

        

Net income (loss)

   $ 11,912       $ 15,385       $ (3,973

Provision for income taxes

     11,030         3,581         848   

Other (income) expense, net

     2,903         610         (230

Depreciation and amortization

     43,100         19,551         11,854   

Stock-based compensation

     29,768         8,832         6,152   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 98,713       $ 47,959       $ 14,651   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ from these estimates.

We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, stock-based compensation, the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, website and internal-use software development costs, our office facility leases and income taxes have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. Therefore, we consider these to be our critical accounting policies and estimates. For further information on all of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8.

Revenue Recognition

A majority of our arrangements for hiring solutions and marketing solutions include multiple deliverables. In accordance with authoritative guidance on revenue recognition, we allocate arrangement consideration in multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements at the inception of an arrangement to all deliverables based on the relative selling price method in accordance with the selling price hierarchy, which includes: (1) vendor-specific objective evidence, or VSOE, if available; (2) third-party evidence, or TPE, if vendor-specific objective evidence is not available; and (3) best estimate of selling price, or BESP, if neither VSOE nor TPE is available.

VSOE. We determine VSOE based on our historical pricing and discounting practices for the specific solution when sold separately. In determining VSOE, we require that a substantial majority of the selling prices for these services fall within a reasonably narrow pricing range. We have not historically priced our marketing solutions or certain products in our hiring solutions within a narrow range. As a result, we have only used VSOE to allocate the selling price of deliverables in limited circumstances.

TPE. When VSOE cannot be established for deliverables in multiple element arrangements, we apply judgment with respect to whether we can establish selling price based on TPE. TPE is determined based on competitor prices for similar deliverables when sold separately. Generally, our go-to-market strategy differs from that of our peers and our offerings contain a significant level of differentiation such that the comparable pricing of services with similar functionality cannot be obtained. Furthermore, we are unable to reliably determine what similar competitor services’ selling prices are on a stand-alone basis. As a result, we have not been able to establish selling price based on TPE.

 

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BESP. When we are unable to establish selling price using VSOE or TPE, we use BESP in our allocation of arrangement consideration. The objective of BESP is to determine the price at which we would transact a sale if the service were sold on a stand-alone basis. BESP is generally used to allocate the selling price to deliverables in our multiple element arrangements. We determine BESP for deliverables by considering multiple factors including, but not limited to, prices we charge for similar offerings, sales volume, geographies, market conditions, competitive landscape and pricing practices.

Because we generally have neither VSOE nor TPE for our hiring solutions and marketing solutions deliverables, the allocation of revenue has been based on our BESPs. The process for determining our BESP for deliverables without VSOE or TPE involves management’s judgment. Our process considers multiple factors that may vary depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each deliverable. Key factors that we considered in developing our BESPs include prices we charge for similar offerings, sales volume, geographies and historical pricing practices. If the facts and circumstances underlying the factors we considered change or should future facts and circumstances lead us to consider additional factors, our BESPs could change in future periods.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable balances. The allowance is based upon historical loss patterns, the number of days that billings are past due, and an evaluation of the potential risk of loss associated with delinquent accounts. We monitor and analyze the accuracy of our allowance for doubtful accounts estimate by reviewing past collectability and adjusting it for future expectations to determine the adequacy of our current and future allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents our best estimate, but if the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. As of December 31, 2011, the allowance for doubtful accounts represented approximately 5% of total accounts receivable, or approximately $5.5 million. A change of 1% in our estimate would amount to approximately $1.2 million.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with the authoritative guidance on stock compensation. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this guidance, stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. As a result, we are required to estimate the amount of stock-based compensation we expect to be forfeited based on our historical experience. If actual forfeitures differ significantly from our estimates, stock-based compensation expense and our results of operations could be materially impacted.

Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and employee stock purchase plan options. The determination of the grant date fair value of options using an option-pricing model is affected by our estimated common stock fair value as well as assumptions regarding a number of other complex and subjective variables. These variables include the fair value of our common stock, our expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the options, stock option exercise and cancellation behaviors, risk-free interest rates, and expected dividends, which are estimated as follows:

 

   

Fair Value of Our Common Stock. Because our stock was not publicly traded prior to our initial public offering, the fair value of our common stock underlying our stock options was determined by our board of directors or compensation committee of our board of directors, which intended all options granted to be exercisable at a price per share not less than the per share fair value of our common stock underlying those options on the date of grant. Upon completion of our initial public offering on May 19, 2011, our Class A common stock was valued by reference to its publicly traded price.

 

   

Expected Term. The expected term was estimated using the simplified method allowed under SEC guidance.

 

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Volatility. As we do not have a significant trading history for our common stock, the expected stock price volatility for our common stock was estimated by taking the average historic price volatility for industry peers based on daily price observations over a period equivalent to the expected term of the stock option grants. Industry peers consist of several public companies in the technology industry similar in size, stage of life cycle and financial leverage. We did not rely on implied volatilities of traded options in our industry peers’ common stock because the volume of activity was relatively low. We intend to continue to consistently apply this process using the same or similar public companies until a sufficient amount of historical information regarding the volatility of our own common stock share price becomes available, or unless circumstances change such that the identified companies are no longer similar to us, in which case, more suitable companies whose share prices are publicly available would be utilized in the calculation.

 

   

Risk-free Rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yields of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities similar to the expected term of the options for each option group.

 

   

Dividend Yield. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends and do not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, we used an expected dividend yield of zero.

Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets

When we acquire businesses, we allocate the purchase price to the tangible assets and liabilities and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Any residual purchase price is recorded as goodwill. The allocation of the purchase price requires management to make significant estimates in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, especially with respect to intangible assets. These estimates are based on information obtained from management of the acquired companies and historical experience. These estimates can include, but are not limited to:

 

   

the time and expenses that would be necessary to recreate the asset;

 

   

the profit margin a market participant would receive;

 

   

cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future; and

 

   

discount rates.

These estimates are inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and if different estimates were used the purchase price for the acquisition could be allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities differently from the allocation that we have made. In addition, unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such estimates, and if such events occur we may be required to record a charge against the value ascribed to an acquired asset or an increase in the amounts recorded for assumed liabilities.

Website and Internal-Use Software Development Costs

We capitalize certain costs related to the development of our website or software developed for internal-use. In accordance with authoritative guidance, we begin to capitalize our costs to develop software when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Such costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset, generally estimated to be two to three years. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria together with costs incurred for training and maintenance are expensed as incurred and recorded within product development expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. We exercise judgment in determining the point at which various projects may be capitalized, in assessing the ongoing value of the capitalized costs and in determining the estimated useful lives over which the costs are amortized. To the extent that we change the manner in which we develop and test new features and functionalities related to our website, assess the ongoing value of capitalized assets or determine the estimated useful lives over which the costs are amortized, the amount of website and internal-use software development costs we capitalize and amortize could change in future periods.

 

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Office Facility Leases

We lease our office facilities under operating leases. Accounting for these leases requires significant judgment by management. Application of accounting rules and assumptions made by management will determine whether the lease is accounted for as a capital or operating lease or whether we are considered the owner for accounting purposes in accordance with authoritative accounting guidance on leases.

If the lease is considered a capital lease or we are considered the owner for accounting purposes, we would record the property and a related capital lease obligation on our balance sheet. The asset would then be depreciated over its expected lease term. Rent payments for these properties would be recognized as interest expense and a reduction of the capital lease obligation.

If the lease is considered an operating lease, it is not recorded on our balance sheet and rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.

The most significant estimates used by management in accounting for property leases and the impact of these estimates are as follows:

 

   

Expected lease term. The expected lease term is used in determining whether the lease is accounted for as an operating lease or a capital lease. A lease is considered a capital lease if the lease term exceeds 75% of the leased asset’s useful life. The expected lease term is also used in determining the depreciable life of the asset or the straight-line rent recognition period. Increasing the expected lease term will increase the probability that a lease will be considered a capital lease and will generally result in higher rent expense for an operating lease and higher interest and depreciation expenses for a capital lease.

 

   

Incremental borrowing rate. We estimate our incremental borrowing rate using treasury rates for debt with maturities comparable to the expected lease term and our credit spread. The incremental borrowing rate is primarily used in determining whether the lease is accounted for as an operating lease or a capital lease. A lease is considered a capital lease if the net present value of the lease payments is greater than 90% of the fair market value of the property. Increasing the incremental borrowing rate decreases the net present value of the lease payments and reduces the probability that a lease will be considered a capital lease.

 

   

Fair market value of leased asset. The fair market value of leased property is generally estimated based on comparable market data. Fair market value is used in determining whether the lease is accounted for as an operating lease or a capital lease. A lease is considered a capital lease if the net present value of the lease payments is greater than 90% of the fair market value of the property. Increasing the fair market value reduces the probability that a lease will be considered a capital lease.

Income Taxes

We record income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns. In estimating future tax consequences, generally all expected future events other than enactments or changes in the tax law or rates are considered. Valuation allowances are provided when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

We also provide reserves as necessary for uncertain tax positions taken on our tax filings. First, we determine if a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit solely based on technical merits, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Second, based on the largest amount of benefit, which is more likely than not to be realized on ultimate settlement we recognize any such differences as a liability. In the event that any unrecognized tax benefits are recognized, the effective tax rate will be affected. If recognized, approximately $6.1 million of unrecognized tax benefit would impact the effective tax rate at

 

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December 31, 2011. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcome of these matters will be the same as these estimates. These estimates are updated quarterly based on factors such as change in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, new audit activity, and effectively settled issues.

We follow specific and detailed guidelines in each tax jurisdiction regarding the recoverability of any tax assets recorded on the balance sheet and provide necessary valuation allowances as required. Future realization of deferred tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (for example, ordinary income or capital gain) within the carryback or carryforward periods available under the tax law. We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and tax planning strategies. Our judgments regarding future profitability may change due to many factors, including future market conditions and our ability to successfully execute our business plans and/or tax planning strategies. Should there be a change in our ability to recover our deferred tax assets, our tax provision would increase or decrease in the period in which the assessment is changed.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Fair Value Measurement

In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) amended existing rules covering fair value measurement and disclosure to clarify guidance and minimize differences between generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States of America and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The new authoritative guidance requires entities to provide information about valuation techniques and unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements and provide a narrative description of the sensitivity of Level 3 measurements to changes in unobservable inputs. The guidance will be effective for us on January 1, 2012 and is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

Comprehensive Income

In June 2011, the FASB issued new authoritative guidance on comprehensive income that eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity. Instead, we must report comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income which contains two sections, net income and other comprehensive income, or in two separate but consecutive statements. In December 2011, the requirement regarding the presentation of reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income was deferred indefinitely. The accounting update, except for the provision deferred, is effective for us in our interim period ended March 31, 2012. The adoption of this guidance will require us to change the presentation of comprehensive income and its components which we currently report within the statements of redeemable convertible preferred stock, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss).

Testing Goodwill for Impairment

In September 2011, the FASB issued new authoritative guidance that gives companies the option to make a qualitative evaluation about the likelihood of goodwill impairment. Companies will be required to perform the two-step impairment test only if it concludes that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not, less than its carrying value. The accounting update is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this new authoritative guidance for our goodwill impairment test performed during the third quarter of 2011.

 

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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods presented as a percentage of net revenue for those periods (certain items may not total due to rounding). The period-to-period comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  
     (as a percentage of revenue)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

      

Net revenue

     100     100     100
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Costs and expenses:

      

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)

     16        18        22   

Sales and marketing

     32        24        22   

Product development

     25        27        33   

General and administrative

     14        14        16   

Depreciation and amortization

     8        8        10   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

     95        92        103   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     5        8        (3

Other income (expense), net

     (1     —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

     4        8        (3

Provision for income taxes

     2        1        1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     2     6     (3 )% 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Revenue

We generate revenue from hiring solutions, marketing solutions and premium subscriptions.

Hiring Solutions. Revenue from our hiring solutions is derived primarily from the sale of our LinkedIn Corporate Solutions and LinkedIn Jobs products. We recognize the net revenue from sales of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions ratably over the subscription period, which is typically 12 months and billed annually, quarterly or monthly. We also sell LinkedIn Jobs on our website to enterprises and professional organizations of all sizes. These jobs are generally posted for 30 days, and revenue from individual job postings is recognized over the same period.

Marketing Solutions. Revenue from our marketing solutions is derived primarily from fees we receive from marketers, principally advertising agencies and direct advertisers, for display and text ads on our website. We also provide a self-service advertising solution that allows marketers to directly create and place ads on prominent pages on our website. Revenue from display or text ads is generally recognized when the advertisement is displayed on our website.

 

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Premium Subscriptions. Revenue from our premium subscriptions is derived primarily from online sales of our Business, Business Plus and Executive subscription products. We offer our members monthly or annual subscriptions. Revenue from our premium subscriptions is recognized ratably over the contract period, which is generally one to 12 months.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
          Year Ended
December 31,
       
     2011     2010     % Change     2010     2009     % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Revenue by product:

            

Hiring Solutions

   $ 260,885      $ 101,884        156   $ 101,884      $ 36,136        182

Marketing Solutions

     155,848        79,309        97     79,309        38,278        107

Premium Subscriptions

     105,456        61,906        70     61,906        45,713        35
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total

   $ 522,189      $ 243,099        115   $ 243,099      $ 120,127        102
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

Percentage of revenue by product:

            

Hiring Solutions

     50     42       42     30  

Marketing Solutions

     30     33       33     32  

Premium Subscriptions

     20     25       25     38  
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total

     100     100       100     100  
  

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

   

 

 

   

Total net revenue increased $279.1 million in 2011 compared to 2010. Net revenue from our hiring solutions increased $159.0 million as a result of an overall increase in professional hiring demand and further market penetration of our LinkedIn Corporate Solutions product, as evidenced by the 139% increase in the number of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers as of December 31, 2011 compared to December 31, 2010. Net revenue from our marketing solutions increased $76.5 million due to the productivity of our expanded field sales organization and growth in our self service advertising solutions, both of which are positively impacted by increases in the number of our registered members and page views on our website. During the same period, net revenue from our premium subscriptions increased $43.6 million, as a result of an increase in the number of premium subscribers.

Total net revenue increased $123.0 million in 2010 compared to 2009. Net revenue from our hiring solutions increased $65.7 million as a result of an overall increase in professional hiring demand and further market penetration of our LinkedIn Corporate Solutions product, as evidenced by the 144% increase in the number of LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers as of December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009. Net revenue from our marketing solutions increased $41.0 million as a result of an increase in customers’ overall online advertising budgets and improved productivity from our expanded field sales organization. Net revenue from our premium subscriptions increased $16.2 million during the same period as a result of an increase in the number of our premium subscribers and a reduction in cancellations from current customers.

The following table presents our net revenue by geographic region:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
           Year Ended
December 31,
        
     2011      2010      % Change     2010      2009      % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Revenue by geographic location:

                

United States

   $ 353,834       $ 176,975         100   $ 176,975       $ 88,483         100

International (1)

     168,355         66,124         155     66,124         31,644         109
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

   $ 522,189       $ 243,099         115   $ 243,099       $ 120,127         102
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

(1) During the year ended December 31, 2009, 10% of total revenue was derived from customers in the United Kingdom. No other country exceeded 10% of total revenue during any of the other periods presented.

 

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International revenue increased $102.2 million in 2011 compared to 2010 and $34.5 million in 2010 compared to 2009. In addition, international revenue represented 32% of total revenue in 2011 compared to 27% of total revenue in 2010. The increases in international revenue are primarily due to the expansion of our international field sales organization and our site localization efforts. In 2011, we launched eight local languages, bringing the total to fourteen local languages as of December 31, 2011, and opened an additional seven offices outside of the United States. We expect international revenue to increase on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue in 2012 as we continue to focus on making our platform available in more languages and further developing our brand across various international geographies.

Cost of Revenue

Our cost of revenue primarily consists of web hosting costs related to operating our website and salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation for our production operations, customer support, infrastructure and advertising operations teams. Credit card processing fees, direct costs related to our research products, certain uncollected valued added taxes, or VAT, and sales taxes, allocated facilities costs, costs related to solutions offered to our customers in our production environment, and other supporting overhead costs are also included in cost of revenue. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2011, we began to pass through VAT and sales tax to our customers on all our products. We currently expect cost of revenue to increase on an absolute basis, but to decrease as a percentage of revenue in the near term as we continue to pass through VAT and sales tax to our customers.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
          Year Ended
December 31,
       
     2011     2010     % Change     2010     2009     % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Cost of revenue

   $ 81,448      $ 44,826        82   $ 44,826      $ 25,857        73

Percentage of net revenue

     16     18       18     22  

Headcount (at period end):

     338        141        140     141        86        64

Cost of revenue increased $36.6 million in 2011 compared to 2010. The increase was primarily attributable to increases in headcount related expenses of $14.3 million, web hosting service expenses of $7.3 million, direct costs of $4.3 million, facility and benefit allocations of $4.8 million, and facilities and related costs of $2.8 million.

Cost of revenue increased $19.0 million in 2010 compared to 2009, primarily attributable to increases in headcount related expenses of $5.0 million, in part as a result of growth in our international operations, web hosting service expenses of $3.5 million, certain uncollected sales and VAT taxes of $3.1 million, consulting and outside services expenses of $1.6 million, data center equipment maintenance expenses of $2.4 million, and facility and employee benefit allocations of $1.9 million.

Sales and Marketing

Our sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation, travel expense and incentive compensation for our sales and marketing employees. In addition, sales and marketing expenses include customer acquisition marketing, branding, advertising and public relations costs, as well as allocated facilities and other supporting overhead costs. We plan to continue to invest heavily in sales and marketing to expand our global footprint, grow our current customer accounts and continue building brand awareness. In the near term and consistent with our investment philosophy for 2011, we expect sales and marketing expenses to increase on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue and to be our largest expense on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
          Year Ended
December 31,
       
     2011     2010     % Change     2010     2009     % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Sales and marketing

   $ 164,703      $ 58,978        179   $ 58,978      $ 26,847        120

Percentage of net revenue

     32     24       24     22  

Headcount (at period end):

     844        313        170     313        125        150

 

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Sales and marketing expenses increased $105.7 million in 2011 compared to 2010. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount related expenses of $75.4 million as we expanded our field sales organization. We also experienced increases in facility and employee benefit allocations of $16.4 million, marketing and public relations expenses of $8.1 million, and consulting and outside services expenses of $4.0 million. Sales and marketing expenses increased as a percentage of revenue in 2011 compared to 2010 primarily due to building out our global sales organization.

Sales and marketing expenses increased $32.1 million in 2010 compared to 2009. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount related expenses of $21.2 million as we expanded our field sales organization. We also experienced increases in facility and employee benefit allocations of $5.5 million, marketing and public relations expenses of $3.1 million, and consulting and outside services expenses of $1.5 million.

Product Development

Our product development expenses primarily consist of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation for our engineers, product managers and developers. In addition, product development expenses include outside services and consulting, as well as allocated facilities and other supporting overhead costs. We believe that continued investment in features, software development tools and code modification is important to attaining our strategic objectives, and, as a result, we expect product development expense to increase on an absolute basis. However, we also expect to gain productivity and leverage in our product development efforts and as a result, we expect product development expenses as a percentage of revenue to decrease in the near term.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
          Year Ended
December 31,
       
     2011     2010     % Change     2010     2009     % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Product development

   $ 132,222      $ 65,104        103   $ 65,104      $ 39,444        65

Percentage of net revenue

     25     27       27     33  

Headcount (at period end):

     634        383        66     383        207        85

Product development expenses increased $67.1 million in 2011 compared to 2010. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount related expenses of $48.3 million as a result of our focus on developing new features and products to increase member growth and engagement. We also experienced increases in facility and employee benefit allocations of $9.1 million and consulting expenses of $6.8 million. Product development expense decreased as a percentage of revenue in 2011 compared to 2010 as revenue growth outpaced the increase in product development expenses, which primarily consists of headcount related expenses.

Product development expenses increased $25.7 million in 2010 compared to 2009. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount related expenses of $17.4 million as a result of our focus on developing new features and products to increase member growth and engagement. We also experienced increases in facility and employee benefit allocations of $6.0 million and consulting expenses of $1.4 million.

 

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General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses primarily consist of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation for our executive, finance, legal, information technology, human resources and other administrative employees. In addition, general and administrative expenses include outside consulting, legal and accounting services, and facilities and other supporting overhead costs not allocated to other departments. We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase on an absolute basis in the near term as we continue to expand our business and incur additional expenses associated with being a publicly traded company. However, we expect general and administrative to decrease as a percentage of revenue.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
          Year Ended
December 31,
       
     2011     2010     % Change     2010     2009     % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

General and administrative

   $ 74,871      $ 35,064        114   $ 35,064      $ 19,480        80

Percentage of net revenue

     14     14       14     16  

Headcount (at period end):

     300        153        96     153        62        147

General and administrative expenses increased $39.8 million in 2011 compared to 2010. The increase was primarily a result of an increase in headcount related expenses of $39.1 million to support our overall growth. We also experienced an increase in facilities related costs of $15.8 million and expenses for consulting and outside services of $10.3 million. These increases were partially offset by facility and employee benefit allocations of $30.3 million.

General and administrative expenses increased $15.6 million in 2010 compared to 2009. The increase was primarily a result of an increase in headcount related expenses of $16.1 million to support our overall growth. We also experienced an increase in facilities related costs of $7.6 million and expenses for consulting and outside services of $3.1 million. These increases were partially offset by facility and employee benefit allocations of $13.4 million.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expenses primarily consist of depreciation on computer equipment, software, leasehold improvements, capitalized software development costs and amortization of purchased intangibles. We expect that depreciation and amortization expenses will increase on an absolute basis as we continue to expand our technology infrastructure.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
          Year Ended
December 31,
       
     2011     2010     % Change     2010     2009     % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 43,100      $ 19,551        120   $ 19,551      $ 11,854        65

Percentage of net revenue

     8     8       8     10  

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $23.5 million in 2011 compared to 2010. The increase was primarily the result of our investment in expanding our technology infrastructure to support continued growth in our member base.

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased $7.7 million in 2010 compared to 2009. The increase was primarily the result of our investment in expanding our technology infrastructure to support continued growth in our member base, particularly in the last half of 2010.

 

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Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net consists primarily of the interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents, investments, foreign exchange gains and losses, and changes in the fair value of a warrant during 2010 and 2009.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  
     (in thousands)  

Interest income

   $ 169      $ 64      $ 350   

Gain (loss) on foreign exchange

     (2,965     (405     51   

Net realized gain on sales of short-term investments

     6        —          —     

Other non-operating expense net

     (113     (269     (171
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (expense), net

   $ (2,903   $ (610   $ 230   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense), net decreased $2.3 million in 2011 compared to 2010. The decrease in other income (expense), net was largely driven by net transaction losses on foreign exchange. In December 2011, we began to hedge risks associated with foreign currency transactions to minimize the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on earnings. Hedging strategies that we have implemented or may implement to mitigate this risk may not eliminate our exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations.

Other income (expense), net decreased $0.8 million in 2010 compared to 2009. The decrease in other income (expense), net was largely driven by net transaction losses on foreign exchange, coupled with a decrease in interest income as a result of lower short-term interest rates.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes consists of federal and state income taxes in the United States and income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions.

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
           Year Ended
December 31,
        
     2011      2010      % Change     2010      2009      % Change  
     ($ in thousands)  

Provision for income taxes

   $ 11,030       $ 3,581         208   $ 3,581       $ 848         322

Income tax expense increased $7.4 million in 2011 compared to 2010. This increase was primarily attributable to our geographic mix of income and the significant increase in U.S. pre-tax income from $19.3 million for 2010 to $29.0 million for 2011. Due to the expansion in foreign markets, the Company incurred current year losses for which a tax benefit has not been recognized. The effective tax rates as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 were 48% and 19%, respectively, with the increase resulting from the foreign losses for which the deferred tax assets have not been recognized.

Income tax expense increased $2.7 million in 2010 compared to 2009. This increase was primarily attributable to our geographic mix of income and the significant increase in pre-tax income from a pretax loss of $3.1 million for 2009 to pre-tax income of $19.0 million for 2010. The effective tax rates as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 were 19% and (27)%, respectively, with the increase resulting from the significant increase in pre-tax income in 2010 compared to 2009.

Quarterly Results of Operations Data

The following tables set forth our unaudited quarterly consolidated statements of operations data and our unaudited statements of operations data as a percentage of net revenue for each of the eight quarters ended December 31, 2011 (certain items may not foot due to rounding). We have prepared the quarterly data on a consistent basis with the audited consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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In the opinion of management, the financial information reflects all necessary adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of this data. This information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of historical periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year or any future period.

 

    For the Three Months Ended  
    Dec 31,
2011
    Sep 30,
2011
    Jun 30,
2011
    Mar 31,
2011
    Dec 31,
2010
    Sep 30,
2010
    Jun 30,
2010
    Mar 31,
2010
 
    (in thousands, except per share data)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

               

Net revenue

  $ 167,741      $ 139,476      $ 121,040      $ 93,932      $ 81,696      $ 61,792      $ 54,895      $ 44,716   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Costs and expenses:

               

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below) (1)

    24,166        22,096        18,403        16,783        14,844        11,835        9,842        8,305   

Sales and marketing (1)

    53,249        46,074        36,019        29,361        20,638        14,831        13,055        10,454   

Product development (1)

    42,051        35,022        30,414        24,735        20,953        17,188        14,822        12,141   

General and administrative (1)

    24,463        20,121        16,673        13,614        11,633        9,092        7,667        6,672   

Depreciation and amortization

    13,784        11,555        9,602        8,159        6,565        4,845        4,201        3,940   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

    157,713        134,868        111,111        92,652        74,633        57,791        49,587        41,512   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

    10,028        4,608        9,929        1,280        7,063        4,001        5,308        3,204   

Other income (expense), net

    (1,575     (1,788     11        449        (341     434        (357     (346
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

    8,453        2,820        9,940        1,729        6,722        4,435        4,951        2,858   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

    1,534        4,418        5,427        (349     1,405        475        658        1,043   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 6,919      $ (1,598   $ 4,513      $ 2,078      $ 5,317      $ 3,960      $ 4,293      $ 1,815   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

  $ 6,919      $ (1,598   $ 4,513      $ —        $ 1,576      $ 915      $ 938      $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:

               

Basic

  $ 0.07      $ (0.02   $ 0.07      $ —        $ 0.04      $ 0.02      $ 0.02      $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

  $ 0.06      $ (0.02   $ 0.04      $ —        $ 0.03      $ 0.02      $ 0.02      $ —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used to compute net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:

               

Basic

    98,531        96,276        69,395        43,726        43,058        42,515        42,232        41,966   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Diluted

    108,612        96,276        103,129        51,459        49,372        46,601        45,624        44,228   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Stock-based compensation included in above line items:

 

Cost of revenue

   $ 714       $ 469       $ 312       $ 183       $ 138       $ 122       $ 90       $ 89   

Sales and marketing

     2,294         2,577         2,105         1,098         381         317         277         250   

Product development

     5,423         3,711         2,888         1,603         1,093         790         675         690   

General and administrative

     2,181         1,741         1,510         959         1,100         1,002         913         905   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stock-based compensation

   $ 10,612       $ 8,498       $ 6,815       $ 3,843       $ 2,712       $ 2,231       $ 1,955       $ 1,934   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

    For the Three Months Ended  
    Dec 31,
2011
    Sep 30,
2011
    Jun 30,
2011
    Mar 31,
2011
    Dec 31,
2010
    Sep 30,
2010
    Jun 30,
2010
    Mar 31,
2010
 
    (as a percentage of revenue)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: (1)

               

Net revenue

    100     100     100     100     100     100     100     100
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Costs and expenses:

               

Cost of revenue

    14        16        15        18        18        19        18        19   

Sales and marketing

    32        33        30        31        25        24        24        23   

Product development

    25        25        25        26        26        28        27        27   

General and administrative

    15        14        14        14        14        15        14        15   

Depreciation and amortization

    8        8        8        9        8        8        8        9   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

    94        97        92        99        91        94        90        93   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

    6        3        8        1        9        6        10        7   

Other income (expense), net

    (1     (1     0        0        (0     1        (1     (1
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

    5        2        8        2        8        7        9        6   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

    1        3        4        (0     2        1        1        2   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

    4     (1 )%      4     2     7     6     8     4
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) Certain items may not total due to rounding.

 

    For the Three Months Ended  
    Dec 31,
2011
    Sep 30,
2011
    Jun 30,
2011
    Mar 31,
2011
    Dec 31,
2010
    Sep 30,
2010
    Jun 30,
2010
    Mar 31,
2010
 
    (in thousands)  

Additional Financial Data:

               

Net revenue by product:

               

Hiring Solutions

  $ 84,937      $ 70,995      $ 58,620      $ 46,333      $ 35,958      $ 27,274      $ 21,723      $ 16,929   

Marketing Solutions

    49,523        40,072        38,570        27,683        27,939        18,836        18,308        14,226   

Premium Subscriptions

    33,281        28,409        23,850        19,916        17,799        15,682        14,864        13,561   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 167,741      $ 139,476      $ 121,040      $ 93,932      $ 81,696      $ 61,792      $ 54,895      $ 44,716   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net revenue by geographic location:

               

United States

  $ 111,970      $ 94,005      $ 82,739      $ 65,120      $ 58,411      $ 45,730      $ 40,299      $ 32,535   

International

    55,771        45,471        38,301        28,812        23,285        16,062        14,596        12,181   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 167,741      $ 139,476      $ 121,040      $ 93,932      $ 81,696      $ 61,792      $ 54,895      $ 44,716   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net revenue by field sales and online sales:

               

Field sales

  $ 95,842      $ 74,465      $ 66,699      $ 50,628      $ 48,253      $ 33,552      $ 30,202      $ 23,684   

Online sales

    71,899        65,011        54,341        43,304        33,443        28,240        24,693        21,032   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $ 167,741      $ 139,476      $ 121,040      $ 93,932      $ 81,696      $ 61,792      $ 54,895      $ 44,716   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

    For the Three Months Ended  
    Dec 31,
2011
    Sep 30,
2011
    Jun 30,
2011
    Mar 31,
2011
    Dec 31,
2010
    Sep 30,
2010
    Jun 30,
2010
    Mar 31,
2010
 
    (in thousands, except customer and headcount data)  

Other Financial and Operational Data:

               

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

  $ 34,424      $ 24,661      $ 26,346      $ 13,282      $ 16,340      $ 11,077      $ 11,464      $ 9,078   

Number of registered members (at period end)

    144,974        131,186        115,808        101,528        90,437        80,553        71,825        64,177   

LinkedIn Corporate Solutions customers (at period end)

    9,236        7,366        6,072        4,774        3,865        2,849        2,306        1,827   

Headcount (at period end):

               

United States

    1,641        1,452        1,251        1,099        872        775        636        531   

International

    475        345        264        189        118        87        57        41   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    2,116        1,797        1,515        1,288        990        862        693        572   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) We define adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss), plus: provision (benefit) for income taxes, other (income) expense, net, depreciation and amortization, and stock-based compensation. Please see “Adjusted EBITDA” in Item 6 “Selected Financial Data” for more information.

 

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    For the Three Months Ended  
    Dec 31,
2011
    Sep 30,
2011
    Jun 30,
2011
    Mar 31,
2011
    Dec 31,
2010
    Sep 30,
2010
    Jun 30,
2010
    Mar 31,
2010
 
    (in thousands)  

Reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA:

               

Net income (loss)

  $ 6,919      $ (1,598   $ 4,513      $ 2,078      $ 5,317      $ 3,960      $ 4,293      $ 1,815   

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

    1,534        4,418        5,427        (349     1,405        475        658        1,043   

Other (income) expense, net

    1,575        1,788        (11     (449     341        (434     357        346   

Depreciation and amortization

    13,784        11,555        9,602        8,159        6,565        4,845        4,201        3,940   

Stock-based compensation

    10,612        8,498        6,815        3,843        2,712        2,231        1,955        1,934   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 34,424      $ 24,661      $ 26,346      $ 13,282      $ 16,340      $ 11,077      $ 11,464      $ 9,078   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009  
     (in thousands)  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Data:

      

Purchases of property and equipment

   $ 88,978      $ 50,026      $ 13,279   

Depreciation and amortization

     43,100        19,551        11,854   

Cash flows provided by operating activities

   $ 133,424      $ 54,353      $ 21,360   

Cash flows used in investing activities

     (338,482     (55,633     (13,044

Cash flows provided by financing activities

     452,465        4,325        1,030   

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and money market funds. Our short-term investments consist of U.S. treasury securities and agency securities. As of December 31, 2011, we had cash and cash equivalents of $339.0 million and short-term investments of $238.5 million. As of December 31, 2011, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held by foreign subsidiaries was $53.3 million. If these funds are needed for our domestic operations, we would be required to accrue and pay U.S. taxes to repatriate these funds. However, our intent is to permanently reinvest these funds outside the U.S. and our current plans do not demonstrate a need to repatriate them to fund our domestic operations. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and short-term investment balances, together with cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to meet our working capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

 

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Operating Activities

Operating activities provided $133.4 million of cash in 2011, primarily resulting from our improved operating performance. The cash flow from operating activities primarily resulted from changes in our operating assets and liabilities, with deferred revenue increasing $74.8 million and accounts payable and other liabilities increasing $37.0 million, partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $54.9 million and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $14.1 million. The increases in our deferred revenue and accounts receivable were primarily due to our revenue growth in 2011 as compared to 2010. We had net income in 2011 of $11.9 million, which included non-cash depreciation and amortization of $43.1 million and non-cash stock-based compensation of $29.8 million.

Operating activities provided $54.4 million of cash in 2010, primarily resulting from our improved operating performance. The cash flow from operating activities primarily resulted from changes in our operating assets and liabilities, with deferred revenue increasing $39.5 million and accounts payable and accrued liabilities increasing $15.6 million, partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $35.7 million. The increase in our deferred revenue and accounts receivable was primarily due to our revenue growth in 2010 as compared to 2009. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities reflects timing of payments due to the growth in our business activities. We had net income in 2010 of $15.4 million, which included non-cash depreciation and amortization of $19.6 million and non-cash stock-based compensation of $8.8 million.

Operating activities provided $21.4 million of cash in 2009, primarily resulting from our improved operating performance. The cash flow from operating activities primarily resulted from changes in our operating assets and liabilities, with accounts payable and accrued liabilities increasing $8.6 million and deferred revenue increasing $10.6 million, partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $9.8 million, and an increase of $2.9 million in prepaid expenses and other assets and deferred commissions. The increase in our deferred revenue and accounts receivable was primarily due to our revenue growth in 2009 as compared to 2008. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities reflects timing of payments due to the growth in our business activities. We had a net loss in 2009 of $4.0 million, which included non-cash depreciation and amortization of $11.9 million and non-cash stock-based compensation of $6.2 million.

Investing Activities

Our primary investing activities have consisted of purchases of property and equipment, and more specifically, our investment to build out our data centers. We also continued to invest in technology hardware to support our growth, software to support website functionality development, website operations and our corporate infrastructure. Purchases of property and equipment may vary from period to period due to the timing of the expansion of our operations and website and internal-use software development.

In 2011, we had net purchases of investments of $239.4 million. Also, we acquired three companies for $7.4 million, net of cash acquired.

In 2010, we acquired two companies for $4.5 million, net of cash acquired.

Financing Activities

In 2011, we received $426.5 million in proceeds from our IPO and follow-on offering, net of offering costs. With the exception of these offerings, our financing activities have consisted primarily of net proceeds from the issuance of common stock and preferred stock.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have any off balance sheet arrangements in 2011, 2010 or 2009.

 

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Contractual Obligations

We lease our facilities in Mountain View, California under operating leases that we expect to expire in 2023. We lease other facilities around the world, the longest of which expires in 2020. We have several material long-term purchase obligations outstanding with third parties. We do not have any debt or material capital lease obligations. As of December 31, 2011, the following table summarizes our contractual obligations and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:

 

     Payments Due by Period  
     Total      Less Than
1 Year
     1 - 3
Years
     3 - 5
Years
     More Than
5 Years
 
     (in thousands)  

Operating lease obligations (1)

   $ 186,319       $ 13,767       $ 32,929       $ 33,653       $ 105,970   

Purchase obligations (2)

   $ 43,161       $ 24,423       $ 18,394       $ 330       $ 14   

 

(1) Subsequent to December 31, 2011, we leased additional facilities in various locations. The longest lease expires in 2022 and aggregate future minimum lease payments are approximately $26.5 million.
(2) In February 2012, we entered into additional purchase commitments with a provider of data center space for total future minimum payments of approximately $33.9 million over the next three years.

The contractual commitment amounts in the table above are associated with agreements that are enforceable and legally binding. Obligations under contracts that we can cancel without a significant penalty are not included in the table above.

Contingent obligations arising from unrecognized tax benefits are not included in the contractual obligations because it is expected that the unrecognized benefits would only result in an insignificant amount of cash payments.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

We have operations both within the United States and internationally, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks include primarily interest rate, foreign exchange risks and inflation.

Interest Rate Fluctuation Risk

We had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $577.5 million and $93.0 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and money market funds, which have a relatively short maturity and, as such, are relatively insensitive to interest rate changes. Our short-term investments consist of fixed income investments, specifically U.S. treasury securities and agency securities. Fixed income investments may have their fair market value adversely impacted by a rise in interest rates. A hypothetical 1% (100 basis points) increase in interest rates would have resulted in a decrease in the fair value of our investment portfolio of approximately $2.7 million as of December 31, 2011.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk and Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

We have foreign currency risks related to our revenue and operating expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, principally the British pound sterling, the euro, the Australian dollar, the Canadian dollar, and the Indian rupee. The volatility of exchange rates depends on many factors that we cannot forecast with reliable accuracy. We have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in our net income (loss) as a result of gains (losses) related to remeasuring certain cash balances, trade accounts receivable balances and accounts payable balances that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In the event our foreign currency denominated cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, sales or expenses increase, our operating results may be more greatly affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the currencies in which we do business.

 

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We began to hedge risks associated with foreign currency transactions to minimize the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on earnings in December 2011. We utilize foreign currency forward contracts to hedge against the short-term impact of foreign currency fluctuations on certain assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. All balance sheet hedges are marked-to-market through earnings each period.

We do not enter into foreign currency forward contracts for speculative or trading purposes. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had five outstanding forward contracts with a total notional amount of $34.1 million. The net unrealized gain resulting from changes in fair value of these forward contracts as of December 31, 2011 was not material.

Inflation Risk

We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

LINKEDIN CORPORATION

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     Page  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     64   

Consolidated Balance Sheets

     65   

Consolidated Statements of Operations

     66   

Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

     67   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

     69   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     70   

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

LinkedIn Corporation

Mountain View, California

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of LinkedIn Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, redeemable convertible preferred stock, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of LinkedIn Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Jose, California

March 2, 2012

 

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LINKEDIN CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

 

     December 31,  
     2011      2010  

ASSETS

     

CURRENT ASSETS:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 339,048       $ 92,951   

Short-term investments

     238,456         —     

Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,460 and $2,672 at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)

     111,372         58,263   

Deferred commissions

     13,594         8,684   

Prepaid expenses

     10,799         4,887   

Other current assets

     12,658         7,421   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current assets

     725,927         172,206   

Property and equipment, net

     114,850         56,743   

Goodwill

     12,249         —     

Intangible assets, net

     8,095         5,232   

Other assets

     12,576         4,007   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

TOTAL ASSETS

   $ 873,697       $ 238,188   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

     

Accounts payable

   $ 28,217       $ 12,886   

Accrued liabilities

     58,644         27,601   

Deferred revenue

     139,798         64,985   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     226,659         105,472   

DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES

     18,551         6,625   

OTHER LONG TERM LIABILITIES

     3,508         1,861   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     248,718         113,958   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 11)

     

REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK (Note 12)

     

Redeemable convertible preferred stock, Series C, $0.0001 par value—none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 4,357,644 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

     —           12,700   

Redeemable convertible preferred stock, Series D, $0.0001 par value—none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 6,599,987 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

     —           75,281   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —           87,981   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Note 12):

     

Convertible preferred stock, Series A, $0.0001 par value— none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 17,238,579 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

     —           5,884   

Convertible preferred stock, Series B, $0.0001 par value—none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 17,450,991 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

     —           9,962   

Common stock, $0.0001 par value—none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011, and 43,308,742 issued at December 31, 2010

     —           4   

Class A and Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value—40,637,575 Class A and 60,842,819 Class B shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011 and none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010

     10         —     

Additional paid-in capital

     617,629         25,074   

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     100         (3

Accumulated earnings (deficit)

     7,240         (4,672
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     624,979         36,249   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE CON