STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

9. Stock-based Compensation

A summary of the Company’s stock-based compensation expense included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are as follows:



	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Research and development expenses	$	222	$	171	$	673	$	474
Selling, general and administrative expenses		1,878		1,470		5,194		3,663
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	2,100	$	1,641	$	5,867	$	4,137

At September 30, 2017, there was approximately $18,889 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized as expense over a weighted average period of approximately 2.7 years.

Restricted Stock Awards, Restricted Stock Units and Stock Options

In May 2015, the Company adopted the Amended and Restated 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), under which an aggregate of 2,700,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance to employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company, plus an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year until the expiration of the Plan equal to 4% of the total number of outstanding shares of common stock on December 31st of the immediately preceding calendar year (or a lower amount as otherwise determined by the board of directors prior to January 1st). As of September 30, 2017, there were 1,142,277 shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to the Plan. The Plan provides for granting of both Internal Revenue Service qualified incentive stock options (“ISOs”) and non-qualified options (“NQs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”). Stock options generally vest over a four year period of service; however, certain options are also subject to performance conditions. The options generally have a ten year contractual life and, upon termination, vested options are generally exercisable between one and three months following the termination date, while unvested options are forfeited immediately.

A summary of the Company’s restricted stock award activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and related information is as follows:


		Weighted-Average
		Purchase Price
	Shares	per Share
Unvested at December 31, 2016	43,265	$	5.73
Granted	—		—
Vested	(24,336)		5.73
Unvested at September 30, 2017 (1)	18,929	$	5.73

(1)Excludes 25,657 shares of unvested restricted stock remaining from the early exercise of stock options as of September 30, 2017.

A summary of the Company’s restricted stock units activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and related information is as follows:


		Weighted-Average
	Shares	Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	41,741	$	16.15
Granted	211,018		12.45
Settled	(14,757)		16.15
Forfeited	(19,130)		15.52
Outstanding at September 30, 2017	218,872	$	12.64

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information follows:


				Weighted-
			Weighted-	Average
			Average	Remaining		Aggregate
			Exercise Price	Contractual		Intrinsic
	Shares		per Share	Term (in years)		Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	2,326,801	$	13.07	8.7	$	7,927
Granted	1,261,373		12.06
Exercised	(131,755)		3.25
Cancelled	(399,465)		13.62
Outstanding at September 30, 2017	3,056,954	$	13.00	8.6	$	3,604
Exercisable at September 30, 2017	940,101	$	12.80	7.8	$	1,727
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2017	2,909,114	$	13.08	8.5	$	3,571

The fair value of each stock option is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model using the following assumptions:


	Nine months ended September 30,
	2017		2016
Risk-free interest rate	2.0	%	1.5	%
Volatility	71	%	77	%
Expected term (years)	6.01		6.02
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company’s 2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan allows employees as designated by the Company’s Board of Directors to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. The purchase price is equal to 85% of the lower of the closing price of our common stock on (1) the first day of the purchase period or (2) the last day of the purchase period. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 110,841 shares of common stock were purchased for total proceeds of $1,141. The expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $74 and $143, respectively. The expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $288 and $311, respectively.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details.

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