10-Q 1 f10q0619_frontierfunds.htm QUARTERLY REPORT

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2019

 

OR

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number 000-51274

 

FRONTIER FUNDS

FRONTIER DIVERSIFIED FUND;

FRONTIER MASTERS FUND;

FRONTIER LONG/SHORT COMMODITY FUND;

FRONTIER BALANCED FUND;

FRONTIER SELECT FUND;

FRONTIER GLOBAL FUND (FORMERLY FRONTIER WINTON FUND);

FRONTIER HERITAGE FUND

(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

 

Delaware   36-6815533
(State of Organization)   (IRS Employer
    Identification No.)

 

c/o Frontier Fund Management LLC

25568 Genesee Trail Road

Golden, Colorado 80401

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

(303) 454-5500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Frontier Diversified Fund Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 Units;

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a Units;

Frontier Masters Fund Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 Units;

Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 2, Class 2a and Class 3a Units;

Frontier Select Fund Class 1, Class 1AP and Class 2 Units;

Frontier Global Fund Class 1, Class 1AP and Class 2 Units;

Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1, Class 1AP and Class 2 Units

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Trading Symbol(s)   Name of each exchange on which registered
N/A   N/A   N/A

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  ☒    No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large Accelerated Filer Accelerated Filer
Non-Accelerated Filer Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company    

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐    No   ☒

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION  
   
Item 1. Series Financial Statements 1
     
  Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 1
     
  Condensed Schedules of Investments as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 4
     
  Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited) 7
     
  Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) 13
     
  Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited) 17
     
  Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited) 20
     
  Trust Financial Statements (1)  
     
  Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 57
     
  Consolidated Condensed Schedules of Investments as of June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2018 58
     
  Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited) 60
     
  Consolidated Statement of Changes in Owners’ Capital for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (Unaudited) 62
     
  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (Unaudited) 63
     
  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) 64
     
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 84
     
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 116
     
Item 4. Controls and Procedures 112
     
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION  
     
Item 1. Legal Proceedings 124
     
Item 1A. Risk Factors 124
     
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 124
     
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 124
     
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 124
     
Item 5. Other Information 124
     
Item 6. Exhibits 125
     
SIGNATURES 126

 

(1) These financial statements represent the consolidated financial statements of the Series of the Trust.

 

i

 

 

Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements

 

THIS REPORT CONTAINS STATEMENTS WHICH CONSTITUTE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995 AND OTHER FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS REFLECT THE MANAGING OWNER’S CURRENT EXPECTATIONS ABOUT THE FUTURE RESULTS, PERFORMANCE, PROSPECTS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE TRUST. THE MANAGING OWNER HAS TRIED TO IDENTIFY THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS BY USING WORDS SUCH AS “MAY,” “WILL,” “EXPECT,” “ANTICIPATE,” “BELIEVE,” “INTEND,” “SHOULD,” “ESTIMATE” OR THE NEGATIVE OF THOSE TERMS OR SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE BASED ON INFORMATION CURRENTLY AVAILABLE TO THE MANAGING OWNER AND ARE SUBJECT TO A NUMBER OF RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES AND OTHER FACTORS, BOTH KNOWN, SUCH AS THOSE DESCRIBED IN THE “RISK FACTORS” SECTION UNDER PART II. ITEM 1A AND ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT, AND UNKNOWN, THAT COULD CAUSE THE TRUST’S ACTUAL RESULTS, PERFORMANCE, PROSPECTS OR OPPORTUNITIES TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE EXPRESSED IN, OR IMPLIED BY, THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS.

 

YOU SHOULD NOT PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE ON ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY REQUIRED BY THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS, THE MANAGING OWNER UNDERTAKES NO OBLIGATION TO PUBLICLY UPDATE OR REVISE ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS OR THE RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES OR OTHER FACTORS DESCRIBED HEREIN, AS A RESULT OF NEW INFORMATION, FUTURE EVENTS OR CHANGED CIRCUMSTANCES OR FOR ANY OTHER REASON AFTER THE DATE OF THIS REPORT.

 

UNLESS EXPRESSLY STATED OTHERWISE, ALL INFORMATION IN THIS REPORT IS AS OF JUNE 30, 2019, AND THE MANAGING OWNER UNDERTAKES NO OBLIGATION TO UPDATE THIS INFORMATION.

 

ii

 

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM  1. Series Financial Statements  

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Financial Condition

June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2018

 

         Frontier 
   Frontier
Diversified Fund
   Frontier
Masters Fund
   Long/Short
Commodity Fund
 
   6/30/2019   12/31/2018   6/30/2019   12/31/2018   6/30/2019   12/31/2018 
ASSETS                        
Cash and cash equivalents  $37,348   $472,695   $75,541   $46,374   $26,414   $61,600 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   191,059    1,553,261    386,444    152,384    135,126    202,415 
Incentive fees receivable   -    17,277    -    -    -    60,871 
Swap contracts, at fair value   5,881,358    5,920,414    -    -    435,901    479,102 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   11,200,504    11,084,463    3,083,462    4,661,327    1,624,880    1,729,241 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   18,043    1,160,910    36,495    775,088    12,761    28,163 
Interest receivable   3,824    32,017    7,734    3,141    2,704    4,172 
Due from Managing Owner   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Other assets   6,153    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
Total Assets  $17,338,289   $20,241,037   $3,589,676   $5,638,314   $2,237,786   $2,565,564 
                               
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL                              
                               
LIABILITIES                              
Owner redemptions payable  $-   $-    -   $-    -   $- 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   -    10,897    -    -    -    - 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   -    3,875    -    8,347    -    - 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   2,464    4,498    201    1,750    4    51 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   36,982    44,827    14,956    27,984    4,793    5,306 
Advance on unrealized swap appreciation   4,000,000    4,000,000    -    -    115,000    115,000 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   23,105    20,430    31,765    28,100    136    - 
Other liabilities   -    -    1,305    -    385    - 
                               
Total Liabilities   4,062,551    4,084,527    48,227    66,181    120,318    120,357 
                               
CAPITAL                              
Managing Owner - Class 2   3,036    3,005    16,450    51,365    5,466    5,998 
Managing Owner - Class 2a   -    -    -    -    15,143    20,484 
Managing Owner - Class 3   134,696    172,426    19,377    20,019    -    - 
Managing Owner - Class 3a   -    -    -    -    1,174    1,253 
Limited Owner - Class 1   1,492,841    1,703,556    123,131    1,484,478    -    - 
Limited Owner - Class 1a   -    -    -    -    16,174    20,051 
Limited Owner - Class 2   5,882,255    7,669,749    1,114,481    1,241,610    57,193    78,098 
Limited Owner - Class 2a   -    -    -    -    95,703    165,985 
Limited Owner - Class 3   5,762,910    6,607,774    2,268,008    2,774,661    1,646,165    1,791,417 
Limited Owner - Class 3a   -    -    -    -    280,450    361,921 
                               
Total Owners’ Capital   13,275,738    16,156,510    3,541,447    5,572,133    2,117,468    2,445,207 
                               
Non-Controlling Interests   -    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
Total Capital   13,275,738    16,156,510    3,541,447    5,572,133    2,117,468    2,445,207 
                               
Total Liabilities and Capital  $17,338,289   $20,241,037   $3,589,674   $5,638,314   $2,237,786   $2,565,564 
                               
Units Outstanding                              
Class 1   14,573    16,661    1,410    16,296     N/A      N/A  
Class 1a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A     306    353 
Class 2   48,195    63,494    10,863    12,008    636    851 
Class 2a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A     1,781    2,803 
Class 3   51,751    60,202    23,449    27,734    15,929    17,282 
Class 3a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A     4,303    5,201 
                               
Net Asset Value per Unit                              
Class 1  $102.44   $102.25   $87.33   $91.10     N/A      N/A  
Class 1a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A    $52.86   $56.80 
Class 2  $122.11   $120.84   $104.10   $107.68   $98.52   $98.82 
Class 2a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A    $62.24   $66.52 
Class 3  $113.96   $112.62   $97.53   $100.77   $103.34   $103.66 
Class 3a    N/A      N/A      N/A      N/A    $65.45   $69.83 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

1

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Financial Condition

June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2018

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   6/30/2019   12/31/2018   6/30/2019   12/31/2018 
ASSETS                
Cash and cash equivalents  $12,895   $37,556   $76,187   $25,072 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   65,967    123,409    389,753    82,386 
Open trade equity, at fair value   42,147    220,659    -    - 
Receivable from futures commission merchants   2,969,199    2,683,299    -    - 
Swap contracts, at fair value   10,691,012    10,794,908    -    - 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   18,409,450    22,854,326    2,665,985    3,252,075 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   6,230    1,744,999    587,909    523,180 
Interest receivable   1,320    2,544    7,800    1,698 
Redemptions receivable from private investment companies   -    -    -    - 
Other assets   -    -    -    - 
                     
Total Assets  $32,198,220   $38,461,700   $3,727,634   $3,884,411 
                     
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL                    
                     
LIABILITIES                    
Owner redemptions payable  $428,273   $23,759   $3,415   $- 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   8,828    13,917    -    - 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   -    1,490    335    - 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   45,227    56,791    8,212    8,575 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   76,075    101,770    7,120    7,812 
Risk analysis fees payable   9,994    9,127    -    - 
Advance on unrealized swap appreciation   6,176,555    6,176,555    -    - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   296,547    258,194    14,233    11,162 
Other liabilities   192    -    8,624    - 
                     
Total Liabilities   7,041,691    6,641,603    41,939    27,549 
                     
CAPITAL                    
Managing Owner - Class 2   81,326    125,021    38,714    46,368 
Managing Owner - Class 2a   182,049    251,097    -    - 
Limited Owner - Class 1   19,585,430    25,703,922    3,566,250    3,709,130 
Limited Owner - Class 1AP   356,533    355,112    12,191    1,897 
Limited Owner - Class 2   4,026,999    4,403,354    68,540    99,467 
Limited Owner - Class 2a   43,789    88,076    -    - 
Limited Owner - Class 3a   880,403    893,515    -    - 
                     
Total Owners’ Capital   25,156,529    31,820,097    3,685,695    3,856,862 
                     
Non-Controlling Interests   -    -    -    - 
                     
Total Capital   25,156,529    31,820,097    3,685,695    3,856,862 
                     
Total Liabilities and Capital  $32,198,220   $38,461,700   $3,727,634   $3,884,411 
                     
Units Outstanding                    
Class 1   168,324    218,514    46,901    51,939 
Class 1AP   2,647    2,647    138    23 
Class 2   22,615    25,027    917    1,348 
Class 2a   1,434    2,163    N/A     N/A 
Class 3a   5,611    5,718     N/A     N/A 
                     
Net Asset Value per Unit                    
Class 1  $116.36   $117.63   $76.03   $71.41 
Class 1AP  $134.69   $134.16   $88.34   $82.48 
Class 2  $181.66   $180.94   $116.96   $108.18 
Class 2a  $157.49   $156.81     N/A     N/A 
Class 3a  $156.91   $156.26     N/A     N/A 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

2

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Financial Condition

June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2018

 

   Frontier Global Fund (Formerly Frontier Winton Fund)   Frontier Heritage Fund 
    6/30/2019    12/31/2018    6/30/2019    12/31/2018 
ASSETS                    
Cash and cash equivalents  $38,052   $951,485   $50,178   $135,096 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   194,665    3,126,551    256,696    443,921 
Incentive fees receivable   -    -    -    697 
Swap contracts, at fair value   -    -    3,036,673    2,955,444 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   5,964,788    -    2,623,105    2,167,879 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   18,384    4,292,075    24,242    726,686 
Interest receivable   3,896    64,446    5,137    9,150 
                     
Total Assets  $6,219,785   $8,434,557   $5,996,031   $6,438,873 
                     
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL                    
                     
LIABILITIES                    
Owner redemptions payable   12,892   $-   $4,696   $- 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   -    42,705    -    9,201 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   660    8,124    635    1,238 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   12,926    17,803    6,240    6,684 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   23,122    24,353    10,467    10,189 
Advance on unrealized swap appreciation   -    -    1,900,000    1,900,000 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   145,067    133,281    53,155    46,159 
Subscriptions payable to private investment companies   -    -    -    - 
Other liabilities   8,661    -    1,495    - 
                     
Total Liabilities   203,328    226,266    1,976,688    1,973,471 
                     
CAPITAL                    
Managing Owner - Class 2   62,770    107,598    35,201    46,961 
Limited Owner - Class 1   5,583,992    7,755,444    2,839,339    3,331,725 
Limited Owner - Class 1AP   35,551    32,082    9,223    1,006 
Limited Owner - Class 2   334,144    313,167    584,479    573,992 
                     
Total Owners’ Capital   6,016,457    8,208,291    3,468,242    3,953,684 
                     
Non-Controlling Interests   -    -    551,101    511,718 
                     
Total Capital   6,016,457    8,208,291    4,019,343    4,465,402 
                     
Total Liabilities and Capital  $6,219,785   $8,434,557   $5,996,031   $6,438,873 
                     
Units Outstanding                    
Class 1   38,876    58,946    25,906    33,374 
Class 1AP   214    214    73    9 
Class 2   1,913    2,248    3,646    4,071 
                     
Net Asset Value per Unit                    
Class 1  $143.64   $131.57   $109.60   $99.83 
Class 1AP  $166.13   $149.92   $126.34   $111.78 
Class 2  $207.48   $187.17   $169.96   $152.53 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

3

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

      Frontier   Frontier   Frontier 
      Diversified Fund   Masters Fund   Long/Short Commodity Fund 
      Fair   % of Total Capital   Fair   % of Total Capital   Fair   % of Total Capital 
Description  Value   (Net Asset Value)   Value   (Net Asset Value)   Value   (Net Asset Value) 
SWAPS (1)                           
   Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)  $5,881,358    44.30%  $-    -   $-    - 
   Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)   -    -    -    -    435,901    20.59%
   Total Swaps  $5,881,358    44.30%  $-    -   $435,901    20.59%
                                  
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                         
   Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  $850,072    6.40%  $423,288    11.95%  $272,797    12.88%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   1,228,724    9.26%   -    -    -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   2,245,712    16.92%   -    -    -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   1,408,553    10.61%   -    -    -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   171,906    1.29%   -    -    -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   475,189    3.58%   -    -    -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   1,768,677    13.32%   1,060,324    29.94%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   2,862,338    21.56%   1,037,971    29.31%   591,529    27.94%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    0.00%   561,880    15.87%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   189,333    1.43%   -    -    760,554    35.92%
   Total Private Investment Companies  $12,049,867    90.75%  $3,083,463    87.07%  $1,624,880    76.74%
                                  
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED TRADING COMPANIES (3)              
    Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   $ 18,043       0.14 %   $ 36,495       1.03 %   $ 12,761       0.60 %
    Frontier Trading Company II, LLC     -       0.00 %     -       0.00 %     -       -  
    Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   $ 18,043       0.14 %   $ 36,495       1.03 %   $ 12,761       0.60 %
                                  
U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                         
FACE VALUE Fair Value         Fair Value        Fair Value       
$1,255,000  US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $1,606,935)  $191,059    1.44%  $386,444    10.91%  $135,126    6.38%
                                  
      $191,059    1.44%  $386,444    10.91%  $135,126    6.38%
                                  
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities                         
Face Value         Face Value         Face Value       
  US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $148,039        $299,428        $10,470      
      $148,039        $299,428        $10,470      
                                  
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities                         
     Cost         Cost         Cost       
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $189,552        $383,396        $134,061      
      $189,552        $383,396        $134,061      

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.
(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

4

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

      Frontier   Frontier 
      Balanced Fund   Select Fund 
      Fair   % of Total Capital   Fair   % of Total Capital 
Description  Value   (Net Asset Value)   Value   (Net Asset Value) 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS*                
   Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)  $(7,390)   -0.03%   -    0.00%
   Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   3,030    0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Canada)   (3,156)   -0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   61,445    0.24%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   14,846    0.06%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   3,380    0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   6,586    0.03%   -    0.00%
   Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   15,580    0.06%   -    0.00%
   Various soft futures contracts (Far East)   (1,336)   -0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (5,556)   -0.02%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Africa)   (548)   0.00%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Canada)   286    0.00%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)   3,686    0.01%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (Oceanic)   5,404    0.02%   -    0.00%
   Various stock index futures contracts (U.S.)   8,686    0.03%   -    0.00%
   Total Long Futures Contracts  $104,943    0.40%  $-    0.00%
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS*                   
   Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)  $19,766    0.08%   -    0.00%
   Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   (15,221)   -0.06%   -    0.00%
   Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (4,480)   -0.02%   -    0.00%
   Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (1,170)   0.00%   -    0.00%
   Total Short Futures Contracts  $(1,105)   0.00%  $-    0.00%
CURRENCY FORWARDS*                   
   Various currency forwards contracts (NA)  $(61,691)   -0.25%  $-    0.00%
   Total Currency Forwards  $(61,691)   -0.25%  $-    0.00%
   Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $42,147    0.15%  $-    0.00%
SWAP (1)                       
   Frontier XXXIV Balanced select swap (U.S.)  $10,691,012    42.50%  $-    - 
   Total Swap  $10,691,012    42.50%  $-    - 
                        
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                   
   Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  $1,301,180    5.17%  $-    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   1,917,605    7.62%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   3,351,743    13.32%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   2,480,920    9.86%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   380,111    1.51%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   509,442    2.03%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   3,089,103    12.28%   -    - 
   Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   5,000,417    19.88%   1,191,797    32.34%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   -    0.00%   1,474,188    40.00%
   Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   378,929    1.51%   -    - 
   Total Private Investment Companies  $18,409,450    73.18%  $2,665,985    72.34%
                        
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED COMPANIES (3)                   
   Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $6,230    0.02%  $36,809    1.00%
   Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC   -    0.00%   551,100    14.95%
   Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $6,230    0.02%  $587,909    15.95%

 

U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                
FACE VALUE  Fair Value       Fair Value     
                     
$1,255,000   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $1,606,935)  $65,967    0.26%  $389,753    10.57%
        $65,967    0.26%  $389,753    10.57%

 

Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities  Face Value       Face Value     
                     
     US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   51,113        301,992     
        $51,113        $301,992      

 

Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities  Cost       Cost     
                     
     US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)  $65,447        386,679      
        $65,447        $386,679      

 

*Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, or forwards position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.
(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

5

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Condensed Schedule of Investments

June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

      Frontier    
      Global Fund (Formerly Frontier
Winton Fund)
   Frontier
Heritage Fund
 
      Fair   % of Total Capital   Fair   % of Total Capital 
Description  Value   (Net Asset Value)   Value   (Net Asset Value) 
SWAP (1)                   
   Frontier Brevan Howard swap (U.S.)   $-    -   $3,036,673    75.55%
   Total Swap   $-    -   $3,036,673    75.55%
                        
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (3)                   
  Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   $5,964,788    99.14%  $1,192,146    29.66%
  Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC    -    -    1,430,959    35.60%
   Total Private Investment Companies   $5,964,788    99.14%  $2,623,105    65.26%
                        
INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED COMPANIES (3)                   
   Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   $18,834    0.31%  $24,242    0.60%
   Total Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $18,834    0.31%  $24,242    0.60%

 

U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES (2)                
FACE VALUE  Fair Value       Fair Value     
                     
$1,255,000   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $1,606,935)  $194,665    3.24%  $256,696    6.39%
        $194,665    3.24%  $256,696    6.39%

 

Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities Face Value         Face Value       
                        
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $150,832        $198,896      
      $150,832        $198,896      
                        
Additional Disclosure on U.S. Treasury Securities  Cost          Cost       
                        
   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (2)   $193,129        $254,671      
      $193,129        $254,671      

 

(1)See Note 4 to the Financial Statements.
(2)See Note 2 to the Financial Statements.
(3)See Note 5 to the Financial Statements.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

6

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier
Long/Short Commodity Fund
 
   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018 
                         
Investment income:                        
Interest - net  $6,002   $18,038   $2,156   $16,734   $1,135   $7,459 
                               
Total Income   6,002    18,038    2,156    16,734    1,135    7,459 
                               
Expenses:                              
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    1,881    -    -    -    - 
Management Fees   2,668    24,792    7,665    61,211    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   23,395    30,804    9,754    27,898    314    1,064 
Trading Fees   256,330    308,763    126,036    240,046    28,217    46,212 
                               
Total Expenses   282,393    366,240    143,455    329,155    28,531    47,276 
                               
Investment (loss) - net   (276,391)   (348,202)   (141,299)   (312,421)   (27,396)   (39,817)
                               
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                              
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   929,678    71,595    135,339    84,407    714,483    (152,040)
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (449,834)   (1,526,351)   (99,767)   (1,210,157)   (702,242)   (164,066)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (39,055)   513,328    -    -    (43,201)   35,886 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (590)   (36,355)   5,397    (40,171)   2,705    (29,901)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (425)   (3,864)   3,472    (17,059)   395    4,012 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (85,613)   4,402    (67,510)   (77,334)   (1,029)   (1,812)
                               
Net gain/(loss) on investments   354,161    (977,245)   (23,069)   (1,260,314)   (28,889)   (307,921)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   77,770    (1,325,447)   (164,368)   (1,572,735)   (56,285)   (347,738)
                               
Less: Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $77,770   $(1,325,447)  $(164,368)  $(1,572,735)  $(56,285)  $(347,738)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                              
Class 1  $0.19   $(8.11)  $(3.77)  $(15.41)    N/A     N/A 
Class 1a    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A   $(3.95)  $(10.57)
Class 2  $1.27   $(8.32)  $(3.58)  $(16.89)  $(0.30)  $(9.29)
Class 2a    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A   $(4.29)  $(11.46)
Class 3  $1.34   $(7.59)  $(3.23)  $(15.63)  $(0.31)  $(9.74)
Class 3a    N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A   $(4.38)  $(11.88)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

7

 

  

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

  

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $24,862   $24,944   $-   $- 
                     
Total Income/(loss)   24,862    24,944    -    - 
                     
Expenses:                    
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    145,134    -    - 
Management Fees   13,365    42,902    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   324,926    3,529    52,067    72,962 
Risk analysis Fees   2,872    -    -    - 
Trading Fees   527,460    500,791    45,107    72,962 
                     
Total Expenses   868,623    1,421,301    97,174    138,665 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (843,761)   (1,396,357)   (97,174)   (138,665)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   257,898    (283,336)   -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   1,466,941    (3,149,240)   259,209    (961,333)
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (761,338)   236,606    24,501    59,566 
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (196,515)   (77,662)   -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (103,896)   1,129,650    -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   8,349    (44,907)   11,151    (12,538)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   5,068    (6,540)   (8,678)   (11,835)
Trading commissions   (16,232)   (28,937)   -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (139,630)   56,484    37,710    (37,017)
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   520,645    (2,167,882)   323,893    (963,157)
                    
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   (323,116)   (3,564,239)   226,719    (1,101,822)
                     
Less:  Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    - 
                    
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $(323,116)  $(3,564,239)  $226,719   $(1,101,822)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $(1.28)  $(10.75)  $4.62   $(15.52)
Class 1AP  $0.54   $(9.88)  $5.86   $(15.95)
Class 2  $0.72   $(13.18)  $8.78   $(21.17)
Class 2a  $0.68   $(11.44)    N/A      N/A  
Class 3a  $0.64   $(11.42)    N/A      N/A  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

8

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Global Fund (formerly, Frontier Winton Fund)   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $-   $-   $-   $- 
                     
Total Income   -    -    -    - 
                     
Expenses:                    
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    -    -    1,394 
Management Fees   38,679    262,342    7,289    69,874 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   94,902    175,167    43,898    68,410 
Trading Fees   125,313    163,278    56,746    79,147 
                     
Total Expenses   258,894    600,787    107,933    218,825 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (258,894)   (600,787)   (107,933)   (218,825)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   1,553,914    -    516,272    (519,737)
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (366,129)   -    (73,928)   (81,298)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    81,229    (90,533)
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   26,444    (205,194)   6,140    (32,599)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (29,487)   52,629    (2,613)   3,677 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (352,005)   (252,761)   (63,918)   1,968 
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   832,737    (405,326)   463,182    (718,522)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   573,843    (1,006,113)   355,249    (937,347)
                     
Less:  Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    (39,383)   (43,895)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $573,843   $(1,006,113)  $315,866   $(893,452)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $12.07   $(10.42)  $9.77   $(18.52)
Class 1AP  $16.21   $(9.25)  $14.56   $(18.82)
Class 2  $20.31   $(13.03)  $17.43   $(25.16)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

9

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier
Long/Short Commodity Fund
 
   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018 
                         
Investment income:                        
Interest - net  $1,134   $10,421   $1,466   $8,315   $437   $3,424 
                               
Total Income   1,134    10,421    1,466    8,315    437    3,424 
                               
Expenses:                              
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Management Fees   -    13,229    2,072    28,862    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   11,366    14,689    2,268    12,929    152    407 
Trading Fees   126,026    143,613    58,718    105,998    14,365    21,519 
                               
Total Expenses   137,392    171,531    63,058    147,789    14,517    21,926 
                               
Investment (loss) - net   (136,258)   (161,110)   (61,592)   (139,474)   (14,080)   (18,502)
                               
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                              
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   486,940    2,018,592    71,119    1,426,534    304,133    (67,175)
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (117,397)   (1,685,616)   4,089    (1,368,589)   (156,673)   (82,628)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   47,593    61,335    -    -    (25,765)   (49,384)
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (15,661)   (12,780)   7,328    (10,945)   (1,404)   (4,915)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   17,613    2,073    (458)   (488)   3,374    1,444 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (1,115)   154,045    (6,283)   156,021    (469)   (1,870)
                               
Net gain/(loss) on investments   417,973    537,649    75,795    202,533    123,196    (204,528)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   281,715    376,539    14,203    63,059    109,116    (223,030)
                               
Less:  Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    -    -    - 
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $281,715   $376,539   $14,203   $63,059   $109,116   $(223,030)
                               
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                              
Class 1  $1.60   $1.77   $(0.86)  $1.13     N/A      N/A  
Class 1a    N/A      N/A     N/A     N/A    $2.71   $(7.08)
Class 2  $2.42   $2.61   $(0.59)  $1.71   $4.86   $(5.91)
Class 2a    N/A      N/A     N/A     N/A    $3.28   $(7.82)
Class 3  $2.34   $2.50   $(0.50)  $1.67   $5.09   $(6.21)
Class 3a    N/A      N/A     N/A      N/A    $3.49   $(8.15)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

10

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $13,502   $8,428   $-   $- 
                     
Total Income/(loss)   13,502    8,428    -    - 
                     
Expenses:                    
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    -    -    - 
Management Fees   5,286    22,566    -    - 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   154,061    237,810    26,562    33,273 
Risk analysis Fees   1,414    1,692    -    - 
Trading Fees   248,123    344,769    22,475    28,109 
                     
Total Expenses   408,884    606,837    49,037    61,382 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (395,382)   (598,409)   (49,037)   (61,382)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   253,372    (257,661)   -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   563,390    858,677    176,441    57,428 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (14,004)   (60,632)   75,451    (78,570)
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (94,279)   (187,927)   -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   91,290    129,808    -    - 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   11,778    (21,050)   7,688    (4,883)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (9,616)   3,423    (5,941)   308 
Trading commissions   (9,167)   (21,312)   -    - 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (1,360)   296,049    63,183    (42,595)
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   791,404    739,375    316,822    (68,312)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   396,022    140,966    267,785    (129,694)
                     
Less:  Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    -    - 
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $396,022   $140,966   $267,785   $(129,694)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $1.46   $0.28   $5.27   $(1.72)
Class 1AP  $2.69   $1.36   $6.04   $(1.24)
Class 2  $3.62   $1.83   $8.98   $(1.72)
Class 2a  $3.22   $1.65     N/A      N/A  
Class 3a  $3.13   $1.65     N/A      N/A  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

11

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Global Fund (formerly, Frontier Winton Fund)   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   6/30/2019   6/30/2018   6/30/2019   6/30/2018 
                 
Investment income:                
Interest - net  $-   $-   $-   $- 
                     
Total Income   -    -    -    - 
                     
Expenses:                    
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    -    -    - 
Management Fees   9,531    131,682    1,100    33,893 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   42,779    80,907    20,713    31,302 
Trading Fees   82,598    80,703    29,653    36,855 
                     
Total Expenses   134,908    293,292    51,466    102,050 
                     
Investment (loss) - net   (134,908)   (293,292)   (51,466)   (102,050)
                     
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:                    
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   865,806    -    375,448    22,440 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (366,129)   -    (67,182)   (83,005)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    -    131,423    (85,737)
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (51,229)   (50,169)   (2,242)   (8,100)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   43,406    25,139    4,626    2,732 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (23,742)   646,257    (6,966)   125,470 
                     
Net gain/(loss) on investments   468,112    621,227    435,107    (26,200)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   333,204    327,935    383,641    (128,250)
                     
Less:  Operations attributable to non-controlling interests   -    -    (63,719)   (41,569)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS  $333,204   $327,935   $447,360   $(86,681)
                     
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTERESTS PER UNIT                    
Class 1  $7.31   $4.06   $9.92   $(1.82)
Class 1AP  $9.63   $5.58   $13.90   $(1.18)
Class 2  $12.00   $6.62   $16.50   $(1.57)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

12

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 2   Class 3   Class 3    Non-       Class 1   Class 2   Class 2   Class 3   Class 3   Non-     
   Limited
Owners
   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
  Controlling
Interests
   Total   Limited
Owners
   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
   Controlling
Interests
   Total 
                                                         
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2018  $1,703,556   $3,005   $7,669,749   $172,426   $6,607,774   $    -   $16,156,510   $1,484,478   $51,365   $1,241,610   $20,019   $2,774,661   $-   $5,572,133 
                                                                       
Redemption of Units   (37,232)   -   (1,800,104)   (39,000)   (1,082,206)   -   (2,958,542)   (1,343,509)   (33,000)   (81,053)   -    (408,756)   -    (1,866,318)
Transfer of Units In(Out)   (175,458)   -    -    -    175,458    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’                                                                      
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   1,975    31    12,610    1,270    61,884    -    77,770    (17,838)   (1,915)   (46,076)   (642)   (97,897)   -    (164,368)
                                                                       
Owners’ Capital, June 30, 2019  $1,492,841   $3,036   $5,882,255   $134,696   $5,762,910   $-   $13,275,738   $123,131   $16,450   $1,114,481   $19,377   $2,268,008   $-   $3,541,447 
                                                                       
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2018   16,661    25    63,469    1,531    58,671              16,296    477    11,532    199    27,537           
                                                                       
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (2,088)   -    (15,299)   (349)   (8,101)             (14,886)   (319)   (827)   -    (4,287)          
                                                                       
Owners’ Capital - Units, June 30, 2019   14,573    25    48,170    1,182    50,569              1,410    158    10,705    199    23,250           
                                                                       
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2018  $102.25        $120.84        $112.62             $91.10        $107.68        $100.77           
                                                                       
Change in net asset value per unit for the six months ended June 30, 2019   0.19         1.27         1.34              (3.77)        (3.58)        (3.23)          
                                                                       
Net asset value per unit at June 30, 2019  $102.44        $122.11        $113.96             $87.33        $104.10        $97.53           

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

13

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund     
   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2a   Class 3a   Non-     
   Managing Owner   Limited
Owners
   Limited
Owners
   Limited
Owners
   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
   Managing Owner   Limited
Owners
   Controlling Interests   Total 
                                         
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2018  $5,998   $78,098   $1,791,417   $20,051   $20,484   $165,985   $1,253   $361,921   $-   $2,445,207 
                                                   
Redemption of Units   (500)   (19,593)   (135,785)   (2,315)   (4,000)   (54,416)   -    (54,845)   -    (271,454)
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’                                                  
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   (32)   (1,312)   (9,467)   (1,562)   (1,341)   (15,866)   (79)   (26,626)   -    (56,285)
                                                   
Owners’ Capital, June 30, 2019  $5,466   $57,193   $1,646,165   $16,174   $15,143   $95,703   $1,174   $280,450   $-   $2,117,468 
                                                   
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2018   61    790    17,283    352    307    2,495    18    5,180           
                                                   
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (6)   (209)   (1,354)   (46)   (65)   (956)   -    (895)          
                                                   
Owners’ Capital - Units, June 30, 2019   55    581    15,929    306    242    1,539    18    4,285           
                                                   
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2018        98.82    103.66    56.80         66.52         69.83           
                                                   
Change in net asset value per unit for the six months ended June 30, 2019        (0.30)   (0.31)   (3.95)        (4.29)        (4.38)          
                                                   
Net asset value per unit at June 30, 2019       $98.52   $103.34   $52.86        $62.24        $65.45           

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

14

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Non-     
   Limited Owners   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Limited Owners  Controlling Interests   Total 
                                     
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2018  $25,703,922   $355,112   $125,021   $4,403,354   $251,097   $88,076   $893,515   $      -   $31,820,097 
                                              
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (5,764,427)   -    (43,500)   (401,810)   (69,000)   (45,068)   (16,647)   -    (6,340,452)
Transfer of Units In(Out)   (24,405)   -    -    24,405    -    -    -    -    - 
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’                                             
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests   (329,660)   1,421    (195)   1,050    (48)   781    3,535    -    (323,116)
                                              
Owners’ Capital, June 30, 2019  $19,585,430   $356,533   $81,326   $4,026,999   $182,049   $43,789   $880,403   $-   $25,156,529 
                                              
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2018   218,514    2,647    691    24,336    1,601    562    5,718           
                                              
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (50,190)   -    (243)   (2,169)   (445)   (284)   (107)          
                                              
Owners’ Capital - Units, June 30, 2019   168,324    2,647    448    22,167    1,156    278    5,611           
                                              
                                              
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2018   117.63    134.16         180.94         156.81    156.26           
                                              
Change in net asset value per unit for the six months ended June 30, 2019   (1.27)   0.54         0.72         0.68    0.65           
                                              
Net asset value per unit at June 30, 2019  $116.36   $134.69        $181.66        $157.49   $156.91           

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

15

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital 

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Select Fund   Frontier Global Fund (Formerly Frontier Winton Fund)   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Non-       Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Non-       Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Non-     
   Limited
Owners
   Limited
Owners
  

Managing

 Owners

  

Limited

 Owner

   Controlling Interests   Total   Limited
Owners
   Limited
Owners
   Managing
Owner
   Limited
Owners
   Controlling
Interests
   Total   Limited
Owners
   Limited
Owners
  

Managing

 Owners

  

Limited

 Owners 

   Controlling Interests   Total 
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2018  $3,709,130   $1,897   $46,368   $99,467   $-   $3,856,862   $7,755,444   $32,082   $107,598   $313,167   $-   $8,208,291   $3,331,725   $1,006   $46,961   $573,992   $511,718   $4,465,402 
                                                                                           
Redemption of Units   (353,695)   -    (10,000)   (34,191)   -    (397,886)   (2,700,785)   -    (52,000)   (12,892)   -    (2,765,677)   (736,567)   -    (15,000)   (49,741)   -    (801,308)
Operations attributable to non-controlling interests                                 -                         -    -    -    -    -    39,383   39,383
Transfer of Units In(Out)   (9,665)   9,665    -    -         -    -                             (7,458)   7,458    -    -    -    - 
Net increase (decrease) in Owners’                                                                                          
Capital resulting from operations attributable to controlling interests    210,815    10,294    2,346    3,264         226,719    529,333    3,469    7,172    33,869              -    573,843    244,181    8,217    3,240    60,228    -    315,866 
                                                                                           
Owners’ Capital, June 30, 2019  $3,566,250   $12,191   $38,714   $68,540   $            -   $3,685,695   $5,583,992   $35,551    62,770   $334,144   $-   $6,016,457   $2,839,339   $9,223   $35,201   $584,479   $551,101   $4,019,343 
                                                                                           
Owners’ Capital - Units, December 31, 2018   51,939    23    429    919              58,946    214    575    1,673              33,374    9    308    3,763           
                                                                                           
Sale of Units (including transfers)                                                                                          
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (5,038)   115    (97)   (334)             (20,070)   -    (272)   (62)             (7,467)   64    (101)   (324)          
                                                                                           
Owners’ Capital - Units, June 30, 2019   46,901    138    332    585              38,876    214    303    1,611              25,907    73    207    3,439           
                                                                                           
Net asset value per unit at December 31, 2018   71.41    82.48         108.18              131.57    149.92         187.17              99.83    111.78         152.53           
                                                                                           
Change in net asset value per unit for the six months ended June 30, 2019   4.62    5.86         8.78              12.07    16.21         20.31              9.77    14.56         17.43           
                                                                                           
Net asset value per unit at June 30, 2019  $76.03   $88.34        $116.96             $143.64   $166.13        $207.48             $109.60   $126.34        $169.96           

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

16

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Cash Flows

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (unaudited)

  

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier
Long/Short Commodity Fund
 
   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
 
                         
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:                        
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $77,770   $(1,325,447)  $(164,368)  $(1,572,735)  $(56,285)  $(347,738)
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                              
Change in:                              
Net change in ownership allocation of U.S. Treasury securities   1,441,552    (425,459)   155,629    1,352,179    (245,581)   (186,271)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   39,055    (513,328)             43,201    (35,886)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   425    3,864    (3,472)   17,059    (395)   (4,012)
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   590    36,355    (5,397)   40,171    (2,705)   29,901 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   (929,678)   1,526,351    (135,339)   1,210,157    (714,483)   164,066 
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   449,834    (71,595)   (99,767)   (84,407)   702,242    152,040 
(Purchases) sales of:                              
Sales of U.S. Treasury securities   1,406,847    1,223,057    154,803    1,349,480    519,007    1,009,865 
Purchase of U.S. Treasury securities   (1,487,212)   (1,841,423)   (537,781)   (2,041,104)   (204,172)   (887,337)
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   -    18,064    2,156    16,569    1,135    8,360 
Purchase of Private Investment Companies   (4,595,325)   (2,709,650)   (1,805,043)   (2,398,470)   (951,165)   (802,678)
Reduction of collateral in Swap contracts   1    1,100,000              -    - 
Sale of Private Investment Companies   4,959,128    3,903,152    3,618,017    4,196,296    1,067,767    1,418,369 
Increase and/or decrease in:                              
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   1,142,867    967,760    738,593    479,590    15,401    3,567 
Interest receivable   28,193    (20,732)   (4,593)   13,797    1,468    (1,057)
Receivable from related parties   -    -    -    -    -    - 
Other assets   (6,153)   -    -    2,974    -    (6,779)
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   6,380    (12,847)   -    -    60,871    - 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   (3,875)   99    (8,347)   60    -    - 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   -    -    -    -    -    81 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (7,845)   (14,577)   (13,028)   (18,180)   (513)   (2,545)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (2,034)   (807)   (1,549)   (915)   (47)   (144)
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   2,675    -    3,665    -    -    - 
Other liabilities   -    (24,866)   1,305    2,100    521    - 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   2,523,195    1,817,971    1,895,485    2,564,621    236,268    511,802 
                               
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:                              
Payment for redemption of units   (2,958,542)   (1,832,218)   (1,866,318)   (2,995,839)   (271,454)   (610,125)
Change in owner redemptions payable   -    -    -    112,593    -    10,694 
                               
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (2,958,542)   (1,832,218)   (1,866,318)   (2,883,246)   (271,454)   (599,431)
                               
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (435,347)   (14,247)   29,167    (318,625)   (35,186)   (87,629)
                               
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   472,695    189,890    46,374    411,695    61,600    152,200 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $37,348   $175,643   $75,541   $93,070   $26,414  $64,571 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

  

17

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Cash Flows

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:                
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations   $(323,116)  $(3,564,239)  $226,719   $(1,101,822)
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Change in:                    
Net change in open trade equity, at fair value   178,512    61,810    -    - 
Net change in ownership allocation of U.S. Treasury securities   1,389,637    (838,524)   (483,648)   490,040 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   103,896    (1,129,650)   -    - 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   (5,068)   6,540    8,678    11,835 
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   (8,349)   44,907    (11,151)   12,538 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   (1,466,941)   3,149,240    (259,209)   961,333 
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   761,338    (236,606)   (24,501)   (59,566)
(Purchases) sales of:                    
Sales of U.S. Treasury securities   728,520    1,519,248    711,661    421,844 
Purchases of U.S. Treasury securities   (2,072,160)   (3,228,823)   (532,907)   (899,134)
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   24,862    31,901    -    6,817 
Purchase of Private Investment Companies   (8,269,446)   (5,716,331)   (986,377)   (2,177,315)
Sale of Private Investment Companies   13,419,925    7,996,499    1,856,177    3,206,205 
Reduction of collateral in Swap contracts   -    2,000,000         - 
Increase and/or decrease in:                    
Receivable from futures commission merchants   (285,900)   5,098,083    -    - 
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   1,738,769    732,257    (64,729)   58,711 
Interest receivable   1,224    (50,921)   (6,102)   557 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   -    (40,189)   -    - 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   (5,089)   130    -    - 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   (1,490)   4,289    335    (378)
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (25,695)   (30,220)   (692)   (5,879)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (11,564)   (23,581)   (363)   (4,748)
Risk analysis fees payable   867    (198)   -    - 
Due from Managing Owner   -    184,106         - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   38,353    -    3,071    - 
Other liabilities   192    29,253    8,624    (865)
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   5,911,277    5,998,981    445,586    920,173 
                     
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:                    
Payment for redemption of units   (6,340,452)   (5,828,511)   (397,886)   (993,005)
Change in owner redemptions payable   404,514    (21,260)   3,415    - 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (5,935,938)   (5,849,771)   (394,471)   (993,005)
                     
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (24,661)   149,210    51,115    (72,832)
                     
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   37,556    164,332    25,072    114,973 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $12,895   $313,542   $76,187   $42,141 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

18

 

 

The Series of Frontier Funds

Statements of Cash Flows

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (unaudited)

 

   Frontier Global Fund (Formerly Frontier Winton Fund)   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   June 30, 2019   June 30, 2018   June 30, 2019   June 30, 2018 
                 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:                
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $573,843   $(1,006,113)  $355,249   $(937,347)
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
Change in:                    
Net change in ownership allocation of U.S. Treasury securities   (1,984,466)   (590,960)   (269,385)   198,750 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   -    -    (81,229)   90,533 
Net unrealized (gain) loss on U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   29,487    (52,629)   2,613    (3,677)
Net realized (gain) loss on U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   (26,444)   205,194    (6,140)   32,599 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (1,553,914)   -    (516,272)   519,737 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   366,129    -    73,928    81,298 
(Purchases) sale of:                    
Sales of U.S. Treasury Securities   7,982,042    6,903,212    1,153,896    1,096,550 
Purchases of U.S. Treasury Securities   (3,068,733)   (6,626,880)   (693,759)   (1,204,398)
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   -    66,615    -    10,909 
Purchase of Private Investment Companies   (4,888,335)   -    (728,774)   (624,245)
Sale of Private Investment Companies   111,332    -    715,892    629,348 
Increase and/or decrease in:                    
Investments in unconsolidated trading companies, at fair value   4,273,691    3,015,420    702,444    655,422 
Interest receivable   60,550    (6,139)   4,013    1,902 
Receivable from related parties   -    58,146    -    - 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   -    -    697    - 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   (42,705)   (11,598)   (9,201)   (4,033)
Interest payable to Managing Owner   (7,464)   (9,431)   (603)   (646)
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (1,231)   (19,924)   278    (4,752)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   (4,877)   (5,484)   (444)   (3,548)
Payables to related parties   -    (152,219)   -    - 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   11,786    -    6,996    - 
Other liabilities   8,661    (23,894)   1,495    8,106 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities   1,839,352    1,743,316    711,694    542,508 
                     
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:                    
Payment for redemption of units   (2,765,677)   (2,640,052)   (801,308)   (709,855)
Change in owner redemptions payable   12,892    71,202    4,696    - 
                     
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities   (2,752,785)   (2,568,850)   (796,612)   (709,855)
                     
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (913,433)   (825,534)   (84,918)   (167,347)
                     
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   951,485    1,403,125    135,096    259,161 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $38,052   $577,591   $50,178   $91,814 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

19

 

 

The Series of the Frontier Funds

Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

1. Organization and Purpose

 

Frontier Funds, which is referred to in this report as the “Trust”, was formed on August 8, 2003, as a Delaware statutory trust. Please refer to the consolidated financial statements of the Trust included within this periodic report. The Trust is a multi-advisor commodity pool, as described in Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) Regulation § 4.10(d)(2). The Trust has authority to issue separate series, or each, a Series, of units of beneficial interest (the “Units”) pursuant to the requirements of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended (the “Trust Act”). The assets of each Series are valued and accounted for separately from the assets of other Series. The Trust is not registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). It is managed by Frontier Fund Management LLC (the “Managing Owner”).

 

Purchasers of Units are limited owners of the Trust (“Limited Owners”) with respect to beneficial interests of the Series’ Units purchased. The Trust Act provides that, except as otherwise provided in the second amended and restated declaration of trust and trust agreement dated December 9, 2013, as further amended, by and among the Managing Owner, Wilmington Trust Company as trustee and the unitholders, and may be amended from time to time (“Trust Agreement”), unitholders of the Trust will have the same limitation of liability as do stockholders of private corporations organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Trust Agreement confers substantially the same limited liability, and contains the same limited exceptions thereto, as would a limited partnership agreement for a Delaware limited partnership engaged in like transactions as the Trust. In addition, pursuant to the Trust Agreement, the Managing Owner of the Trust is liable for obligations of a Series in excess of that Series’ assets. Limited Owners do not have any such liability. The Managing Owner will make contributions to the Series of the Trust necessary to maintain at least a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of the combined Series of the Trust.

 

The Trust has been organized to pool investor funds for the purpose of trading in the United States (“U.S.”) and international markets for currencies, interest rates, stock indices, agricultural and energy products, precious and base metals and other commodities. The Trust may also engage in futures contracts, forwards, option contracts and other interest in derivative instruments, including swap contracts.

 

The Trust has seven (7) separate and distinct Series of Units issued and outstanding: Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund (formerly Frontier Winton Fund), and Frontier Heritage Fund (each a “Series” and collectively, the “Series”). The Trust, with respect to the Series, may issue additional Series of Units.

 

The Trust, with respect to each Series:

 

  engages in the speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts), and may, from time to time, engage in cash and spot transactions;

 

  allocates funds to a limited liability trading company or companies (“Trading Company” or “Trading Companies”) and Galaxy Plus entities (“Galaxy Plus”). Except as otherwise described in these notes, each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity has one-year renewable contracts with its own independent commodity trading advisor (s), or each, a Trading Advisor, that will manage all or a portion of such Trading Company’s and Galaxy Plus entity’s assets and make the trading decisions for the assets of each Series invested in such Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity will segregate its assets from any other Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity;

 

20

 

 

  maintains separate, distinct records for each Series, and accounts for the assets of each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  calculates the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) of its Units for each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  has an investment objective of increasing the value of each Series’ Units over the long term (capital appreciation), while managing risk and volatility; further, to offer exposure to the investment programs of individual Trading Advisors and to specific instruments;

 

  maintains each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 or Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund, and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series. Class 1AP was created as a sub-class of Class 1 and it has been presented separately because the fees applicable to it are different from those applicable to Class 1. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents; and

 

all payments made to selling agents who are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and their associated persons that constitute underwriting compensation will be subject to the limitations set forth in Rule 2310(b)(4)(B)(ii) (formerly Rule 2810(b)(4)(B)(ii)) of the Conduct Rules of FINRA (“Rule 2310”). An investor’s Class 1 Units or Class 2 Units of any Series, or Class 1a Units or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund or Frontier Balanced Fund will be classified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of such Series, as applicable, when the Managing Owner determines that the fee limitation set forth in Rule 2310 with respect to such Units has been reached or will be reached. The service fee limit applicable to each unit sold is reached upon the earlier of when (i) the aggregate initial and ongoing service fees received by the selling agent with respect to such unit equals 9% of the purchase price of such unit or (ii) the aggregate underwriting compensation (determined in accordance with FINRA Rule 2310) paid in respect of such unit totals 10% of the purchase price of such unit. No service fees are paid with respect to Class 3 or Class 3a Units. Units of any Class in a Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, on a daily basis, at the then current NAV per Unit for such Series on the day of the week after the date the Managing Owner is in receipt of a redemption request for at least one (1) business day to be received by the Managing Owner prior to 4:00 PM in New York.

 

The assets of any particular Series include only those funds and other assets that are paid to, held by or distributed to the Trust, with respect to the Series, on account of and for the benefit of that Series. Under the “Inter-Series Limitation on Liability” expressly provided for under Section 3804(a) of the Trust Act, separate and distinct records of the cash and equivalents, although pooled for maximizing returns, are maintained in the books and records of each Series. 

 

21

 

 

As of June 30, 2019, the Trust, with respect to the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund separates Units into three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund separates Units into a maximum of three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2 and Class 1AP. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Balanced Fund separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 2, Class 2A and Class 3A.   The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes—Class 1A, Class 2A, Class 2, Class 3A and Class 3. Between April 15, 2016 and May 10, 2017, a portion of the interests in Frontier Trading Company I, LLC and all of the interests in Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, and Frontier Trading Company XXIII LLC held by Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were exchanged for equivalent interests in the Galaxy Plus Managed Account Platform (“Galaxy Plus”) which is an unaffiliated, third-party managed account platform.  The assets of Frontier Trading Company I, LLC, which included exposure to Quantmetrics Capital Management LLP’s Multi-Strategy Program, Quantitative Investment Management, LLC’s Quantitative Global Program, Quest Partners LLC’s Quest Tracker Index Program, Chesapeake Capital Management, LLC’s Diversified Program, and Doherty Advisors LLC’s Relative Value Moderate Program,  the assets of Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, which included exposure to Emil van Essen LLC’s Multi-Strategy Program, Red Oak Commodity Advisors, Inc.’s Fundamental Diversified Program, Rosetta Capital Management, LLC’s Rosetta Trading Program, and Landmark Trading Company’s Landmark Program,  the assets of Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, which included exposure to Transtrend B.V.’s TT Enhanced Risk (USD) Program, and the assets of Frontier Trading Company XXIII, LLC which included exposure to Fort L.P.’s Global Contrarian Program have been transferred to individual Delaware limited liability companies (“Master Funds”) in Galaxy Plus.   Each Master Fund is sponsored and operated by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC (“Sponsor”). The Sponsor has contracted with the Trading Advisors to manage the portfolios of the Master Funds pursuant to the advisors’ respective program.  For those Series that invest in Galaxy Plus, approximately 30-70% of those Series assets are used to support the margin requirements of the Master Funds.  The remaining assets of the Series are split between investments in Trading Companies and a pooled cash management account that invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities.  For those Series that do not invest in Galaxy Plus, their assets are split between investments in Trading Companies and investments in the pooled cash management account.

 

Each of the Series has invested a portion of its assets in several different Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities and one or more Trading Advisors may manage the assets invested in such Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, currency trading companies, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

 

2. Significant Accounting Policies

 

The following are the significant accounting policies of the Series of the Trust.

 

Basis of Presentation—The Series of the Trust follow U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), as established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), to ensure consistent reporting of financial condition, condensed schedules of investments, results of operations, changes in capital and cash flows. The Trust is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946.

 

Consolidation— The Series, through investing in the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, authorize certain Trading Advisors to place trades and manage assets at pre-determined investment levels. The Trading Companies were organized by the Managing Owner for the purpose of investing in commodities interests and derivative instruments, and have no operating income or expenses, except for trading income and expenses and a risk analysis fee (for closed Series only), all of which is allocated to the Series if consolidated by a Series. Galaxy Plus is a series of Delaware limited liability companies, sponsored by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC, that create exposure to a variety of third party professional managed futures and foreign exchange advisors. Galaxy Plus is available to qualified high-net-worth individuals and institutional investors. Trading Companies in which a Series has a controlling and majority interest as calculated on that Series’ pro-rata net asset value in the Trading Company are consolidated by such Series.

 

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Investments in Trading Companies in which a Series does not have a controlling and majority interest and all interests in Galaxy Plus entities are accounted for using net asset value as the practical expedient, which approximates fair value. Fair value represents the proportionate share of the Series’ interest in the NAV in a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity. The equity interest held by Series of the Trust is shown as investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies or investments in private investment companies in the statements of financial condition. The income or loss attributable thereto in proportion of investment level is shown in the statements of operations as change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies or net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies.

 

Galaxy Plus entities are co-mingled investment vehicles.  In addition to the Series, there are other non-affiliated investors in Galaxy Plus entities. Subscriptions and redemptions by these non-affiliated investors will have a direct impact on the Series’ ownership percentage in Galaxy Plus. It is expected that ownership percentage will fluctuate (sometimes significantly) on a week by week basis which could also result in frequent changes in the consolidating Series. Such fluctuations make consolidating the financial statements of the Galaxy Plus entities both impractical and misleading. Non-consolidation of these Galaxy Plus entities presents a more useful financial statement for the readers.  As such, management has decided that presenting Galaxy Plus entities on a non-consolidated basis as investments in other investments companies (a “fund of funds” approach) is appropriate and preferable to the users of these financial statements. Refer to Note 5 for additional disclosures related to these private investment companies.

 

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP may require the Managing Owner to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates as well as the valuation of certain other investments. Please refer to Note 3 for discussion of valuation methodology. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and such differences could be material.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents—Cash and cash equivalents include cash and overnight investments in interest-bearing demand deposits held at banks with original maturities of three months or less. This cash is not restricted.

 

Interest Income— U.S. Treasury Securities are pooled for purposes of maximizing returns on these assets to investors of all Series. Interest income from pooled cash management assets is recognized on the accrual basis and allocated daily to each Series based upon its daily proportion of ownership of the pool. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasuries and assets held at a futures commission merchant (“FCM”), of up to two percentage points of the aggregate percentage yield (annualized) of net asset value less any fair market value related to swaps, is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1, and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. All interest not paid to the Managing Owner is interest income to the Series and shown net on the statement of operations. The amount reflected in the financial statements of the Series are disclosed on a net basis. Due to some classes not exceeding the 2% paid to the Managing Owner, amounts earned by those Series may be zero.

 

U.S. Treasury Securities—U.S. Treasury Securities are allocated to all Series of the Trust based on each Series’ percentage ownership in the pooled cash management assets as of the reporting date. They are reported at fair value as Level 1 inputs under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). The Series of the Trust valued U.S. Treasury Securities at fair value and recorded the daily change in value in the statements of operations as net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities. Accrued interest is reported on the statements of financial condition as interest receivable.

 

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Receivable From Futures Commission Merchants —The Series of the Trust deposit assets with a FCM subject to CFTC regulations and various exchange and broker requirements. Margin requirements are satisfied by the deposit of cash with such FCM. The Trust, with respect to the Series, earns interest income on its assets deposited with the FCM. A portion of the receivable is restricted cash required to meet maintenance margin requirements. Cash with the clearing broker as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 included restricted cash for margin requirements of $2,969,013 and $1,717,065, respectively, for the Frontier Balanced Fund. 

 

Investment Transactions—Futures, options on futures, forward and swap contracts are recorded on a trade date basis and realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Unrealized gains or losses on open contracts (the difference between contract trade price and market price) are reported in the statements of financial condition as open trade equity (deficit) for futures and forwards as there exists a right of offset of unrealized gains or losses in accordance with ASC 210, Balance Sheet (“ASC 210”) and Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210).

 

Any change in net unrealized gain or loss from the preceding period is reported in the statements of operations. Fair value of exchange-traded contracts is based upon exchange settlement prices. Fair value of non-exchange-traded contracts is based on third party quoted dealer values on the interbank market. For U.S. Treasury securities, interest is recognized in the period earned and the instruments are marked-to-market daily based on third party information. Transaction costs are recognized as incurred and reflected separately in the statements of operations.

 

Purchase and Sales of Private Investment Companies—The Series are able to subscribe into and redeem from the Galaxy Plus entities on a weekly basis. The value of the private investment companies is determined by the Sponsor and reported on a daily basis. The change in value is calculated as the difference between the total purchase proceeds and the fair value calculated by the Sponsor and is recorded as net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the statements of operations.

 

Foreign Currency Transactions —The Series’ functional currency is the U.S. dollar; however, they transact business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Series do not isolate that portion of the results of operations resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. Such fluctuations are included with the net realized or unrealized gain or loss from investments.

 

Allocation of Earnings—Each Series of the Trust may maintain three to seven subclasses of Units—Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a, and Class 1AP. All classes have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights and the same terms and conditions, except that fees charged to a Class or Series differ as described below. Revenues, expenses (other than expenses attributable to a specific class), and realized and unrealized trading gains and losses of each Series are allocated daily to Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a, and Class 1AP Units based on each Class’ respective owners’ capital balances as applicable to the classes maintained by the Series.

 

Each Series allocates funds to an affiliated Trading Company, or Companies, of the Trust or unaffiliated Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company allocates all of its daily trading gains or losses to the Series in proportion to each Series’ ownership trading level interest in the Trading Company, adjusted on a daily basis (except for Trading Advisors and other investments such as swaps that are directly allocated to a specific Series). Likewise, trading gains and losses earned and incurred by the Series through their investments in Galaxy Plus entities are allocated to those Series on a daily basis. The allocation of gains and losses in Galaxy Plus entities are based on each Series pro-rata shares of the trading level of that entity which is updated at the beginning of each month or more frequently if there is a subscription or redemption activity in the entity. The value of all open contracts and cash held at clearing brokers is similarly allocated to the Series in proportion to each Series’ funds allocated to the Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

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Investments and Swaps—The Trust, with respect to the Series, records investment transactions on a trade date basis and at fair value, with changes in fair value reported as a component of realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on investments in the statements of operations. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values as a practical expedient. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the discretion of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more underlying investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates. Swap contracts are reported at fair value based upon daily reports from the counterparty. The Managing Owner reviews and approves current day pricing of the commodity trading advisor (“CTA”) positions, as received from the counterparty which includes intra-day volatility and volume and daily index performance, that is used to determine a daily fair value NAV for the swap contracts. 

   

Income Taxes—The Trust, with respect to the Series, applies the provisions of ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented and disclosed in the financial statements. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Trust, with respect to the Series’, financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions with respect to tax at the Trust’s level not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. The Managing Owner has concluded there is no tax expense, interest or penalties to be recorded by the Trust, with respect to the Series. The 2015 through 2018 tax years generally remain subject to examination by U.S. federal and most state tax authorities.

 

In the opinion of the Managing Owner, (i) the Trust, with respect to the Series, is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and, assuming that at least 90% of the gross income of the Trust constitutes “qualifying income” within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Code, (ii) the Trust is not a publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation, and (iii) the discussion set forth in the Prospectus under the heading “U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” correctly summarizes the material federal income tax consequences as of the date of the Prospectus to potential U.S. Limited Owners of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Units of the Trust.

 

Fees and Expenses—All management fees, incentive fees, service fees, risk analysis fees (for closed Series only) and trading fees of the Trust, with respect to the Series, are paid to the Managing Owner. It is the responsibility of the Managing Owner to pay all Trading Advisor management and incentive fees, selling agent service fees and all other operating expenses and continuing offering costs of the Trust, with respect to the Series. Only management fees and incentive fees related to assets allocated through Trading Companies are included in expense on the Statement of Operations. The Series are all charged management and incentive fees on the asset allocated through the Galaxy Plus entities. Those fees are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. The Series are also charged management and incentive fees on assets allocated to swaps.  Such fees are embedded in the fair value of the swap and are included in net unrealized gain (loss) on swap contracts on the Statements of Operations.

 

Incentive Fee (rebate)—The Managing Owner is allowed to share in the incentive fees earned by the CTAs up to 10% of New Net Profits (as defined in the prospectus). If the Managing Owner’s share of the incentive fee exceeds 10% of new net profits during the period for a particular series, then the Managing Owner is obligated to return any amount in excess to the Series. The returned amounts are recorded as Incentive Fee (Rebate) on the Statements of Operations.

 

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Service Fees—The Trust may maintain each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents.

  

Each Series is charged service fees as outlined above. In some cases, amounts paid to selling agents might be less than the amount charged to the Series. When this occurs, the service fee is rebated back to the investor in the form of additional units. During 2017 and 2018, the Series were not allowed to issue additional units. The Managing Owner has determined that the purchase of additional units of the relevant Series will commence in 2019 when the Series are allowed to sell shares again. As such, the Managing Owner has calculated the amounts for additional units of the relevant series which will be purchased and classified such amounts as Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates of $23,105, $31,765, $136, $296,547, $14,233, $145,067 and $53,155 for the Frontier Diversified, Masters, Long/Short Commodity, Balanced, Select, Global and Heritage Funds, respectively, as of June 30, 2019 and $20,430, $28,100, none, $258,194, $11,162, $133,281 and $46,159 respectively, as of December 31, 2018.

 

These service fees are part of the offering costs of the Trust, with respect to the Series, which include registration and filing fees, legal and blue sky expenses, accounting and audit, printing, marketing support and other offering costs which are borne by the Managing Owner. With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Class 1 and Class 1a Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed for such payment by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk of the downside and enjoys the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months.

 

Pending Owner Additions—Funds received for new subscriptions and for additions to existing owner interests are recorded as capital additions at the NAV per unit of the second business day following receipt.

 

Owner redemptions payable—Funds payable for existing owner redemption requests are recorded as capital subtractions at the NAV per unit on the second business day following receipt or request.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements— In August 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The primary focus of ASU 2018-13 is to improve the effectiveness of the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The changes affect all companies that are required to include fair value measurement disclosures. In general, the amendments in ASU 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt the removed or modified disclosures upon the issuance of ASU 2018-13 and may delay adoption of the additional disclosures, which are required for public companies only, until their effective date. Management is currently evaluating the impacts ASU 2018-13 will have on the financial statements.

 

Subsequent Events—The Series follow the provisions of ASC 855, Subsequent Events, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date and up through the date the financial statements are issued. Refer to Note 11.

 

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3. Fair Value Measurements

 

In connection with the valuation of investments the Series apply ASC 820. ASC 820 provides clarification that when a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability is not available, a reporting entity is required to measure fair value using certain techniques. ASC 820 also clarifies that when estimating the fair value of an asset or liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment to other inputs relating to the existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of an asset or liability. ASC 820 also clarifies that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability at the measurement date and the quoted price for the identical asset or liability when traded as an asset in an active market when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are required are Level 1 fair value measurements.

 

Level 1 Inputs

 

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

Level 2 Inputs

 

Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the financial assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar financial assets in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar financial assets in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the financial assets or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

 

Level 3 Inputs

 

Unobservable inputs for determining the fair value of financial assets that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the financial asset.

 

The Trust, with respect to the Series, uses the following methodologies to value instruments within its financial asset portfolio at fair value:

 

Trading Securities. These instruments include U.S. Treasury securities and open trade equity positions (futures contracts) that are actively traded on public markets with quoted pricing for corroboration. U.S. Treasury securities and futures contracts are reported at fair value using Level 1 inputs. Trading securities instruments further include open trade equity positions (trading options and currency forwards) that are quoted prices for identical or similar assets that are not traded on active markets. Trading options and currency forwards are reported at fair value using Level 2 inputs.

 

Swap Contracts. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities. Swap contracts are reported at fair value upon daily reports from the counterparty. In addition, a third party takes the inputs from the counterparty, makes certain adjustments, and runs it through their pricing model to come up with their daily price. The fair value measurements of the swap contracts are valued using unadjusted inputs that were not internally developed.  The Managing Owner reviews and compares approved current day pricing of the CTA positions, as received from the counterparty which includes intra-day volatility and volume and daily index performance, in addition to reports from the administrator. Differences in prices exceeding 5% are investigated. Unexplainable differences are escalated to the Managing Owner’s Valuation Committee for evaluation and resolution. Swap contracts are reported at fair value using Level 3 inputs.

 

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Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies. This investment represents the fair value of the allocation of cash, futures, forwards, options and swaps to each respective Series relative to its trading allocations from unconsolidated Trading Companies. A Series may redeem its investment in any of the Trading Companies on a daily basis at the Trading Company’s stated net asset value. Each of the Series, all of which are under the same management as the Trading Companies, has access to the underlying positions of the Trading Companies, and as such, the level determination is reflected on that look-through basis. Any redemption of an investment in a Trading Company classified as Level 3 will reflect that classification of the underlying investment owned by the Trading Company. As such, the Series report investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies at fair value using the corresponding inputs of the underlying securities of the Trading Companies which results in the Series reporting the corresponding level determination from the inputs of the Trading Company.

 

Investments in Private Investment Companies. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values provided by the underlying private investment companies as a practical expedient. Each Series applies the practical expedient to its investments in private investment companies on an investment-by-investment basis, and consistently with the Series’ entire position in a particular investment, unless it is probable that the Series will sell a portion of an investment at an amount different from the net asset value of the investment. Investments in private investment companies are excluded from the leveling table below.  

  

The following table summarizes investment in each Series measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value.

 

   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total 
June 30, 2019  Inputs   Inputs   Inputs   Fair Value 
Frontier Diversified Fund                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $18,043   $-   $-   $18,043 
Swap Contracts   -    -    5,881,358    5,881,358 
U.S. Treasury Securities   191,059    -    -    191,059 
Frontier Masters Fund                    

Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies

   36,495    -    -    36,495 
U.S. Treasury Securities   386,444    -    -    386,444 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   12,761    -    -    12,761 
Swap Contracts   -    -    435,901    435,901 
U.S. Treasury Securities   135,126    -    -    135,126 
Frontier Balanced Fund                    

Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies

   6,230    -    -    6,230 
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)   103,838    (61,691)   -    42,147 
Swap Contracts   -    -    10,691,012    10,691,012 
U.S. Treasury Securities   65,967    -    -    65,967 
Frontier Select Fund                    

Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies

   36,809    -    551,100    587,909 
U.S. Treasury Securities   389,753    -    -    389,753 
Frontier Global Fund                    

Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies

   18,384    -    -    18,384 
U.S. Treasury Securities   194,665    -    -    194,665 
Frontier Heritage Fund                    
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   24,242    -    -    24,242 
Swap Contracts   -    -    3,036,673    3,036,673 
U.S. Treasury Securities   256,696    -    -    256,696 

 

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    Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  
December 31, 2018   Inputs     Inputs     Inputs     Fair Value  
Frontier Diversified Fund                        
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   $ 1,157,971     $ 2,939     $ -     $ 1,160,910  
Swap Contracts     -       -       5,920,414       5,920,414  
U.S. Treasury Securities     1,553,261       -       -       1,553,261  
Frontier Masters Fund                                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies     772,732       2,356       -       775,088  
U.S. Treasury Securities     152,384       -       -       152,384  
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies     28,163       -       -       28,163  
Swap Contracts     -       -       479,102       479,102  
U.S. Treasury Securities     202,415       -       -       202,415  
Frontier Balanced Fund                                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies     1,739,609       5,390       -       1,744,999  
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)     242,860       (22,201 )     -       220,659  
Swap Contracts     -       -       10,794,908       10,794,908  
U.S. Treasury Securities     123,409       -       -       123,409  
Frontier Select Fund                                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies     11,462       -       511,718       523,180  
U.S. Treasury Securities     82,386       -       -       82,386  
Frontier Global Fund (formerly Frontier Winton Fund)                                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies     4,280,023       12,052       -       4,292,075  
U.S. Treasury Securities     3,126,551       -       -       3,126,551  
Frontier Heritage Fund                                
Investment in Unconsolidated Trading Companies     724,614       2,072       -       726,686  
Swap Contracts     -       -       2,955,444       2,955,444  
U.S. Treasury Securities     443,921       -       -       443,921  

  

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized in the following tables. Swap contract asset gains and losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings are classified in “realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments – net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts” on the statements of operations. Investment in unconsolidated trading company asset gains and losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings are classified in “Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies.” During the three months ended June 30, 2019, all identified Level 3 assets were components of the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund.

  

For the Six Months ending June 30, 2019

Swaps

 

   Frontier Balanced
Fund
   Frontier Long/Short Commodity
Fund
 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019  $10,794,908   $479,102 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized        - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   (103,896)   (43,201)
Proceeds from collateral reduction   -    - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of June 30, 2019  $10,691,012   $435,901 

 

   Frontier Diversified
Fund
   Frontier Heritage
Fund
 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019  $5,920,414   $2,955,444 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   (39,055)   81,229 
Proceeds from collateral reduction   -    - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of June 30, 2019  $5,881,359   $3,036,673 

 

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For the Six Months ending June 30, 2019
Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies:

 

  

Frontier Select

Fund

 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2019  $511,718 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   39,383 
Purchases of investments of unconsolidated trading companies   - 
Change in ownership allocation   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of June 30, 2019  $551,101 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018

Swaps

  

  

Frontier Balanced

Fund

   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2018  $11,340,959   $397,039 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   1,453,948    82,063 
Proceeds from collateral reduction   (1,999,999)   - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2018  $10,794,908   $479,102 

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund  

Frontier Heritage

Fund

 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2018  $6,376,472   $3,094,367 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):          
Included in earnings-realized   -    - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   643,941    (138,923)
Proceeds from collateral reduction   (1,099,999)   - 
Change in ownership allocation   -    - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   -    - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2018  $5,920,414   $2,955,444 

  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018

Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies:

 

  

Frontier Select

Fund

 
     
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of  January 1, 2018  $579,073 
Change in fair value of investments in unconsolidated trading companies   (67,355)
Purchases of investments of unconsolidated trading companies   - 
Change in ownership allocation   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2018  $511,718 

 

The Series of the Trust assess the levels of the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Series’ accounting policy regarding the recognition of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Trust did not transfer any assets between Levels 1, 2 or 3.

 

30

 

 

The amounts reflected in the change in ownership allocation result from changes in ownership in the underlying Trading Companies at the Series level, which have resulted in changes in consolidation or de-consolidation by the Series. The ownership in the Trading Companies is accounted for under the equity method, which approximates fair value.

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at June 30, 2019:

 

   Frontier Diversified   Frontier Long/Short Commodity   Frontier Balanced   Frontier Heritage 
   Fund   Fund   Fund   Fund 
Swap Contracts  $(39,055)  $(43,201)  $(103,896)  $81,229 
                     
   

Frontier Select

Fund

                
Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies  $37,710                

  

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at December 31, 2018:  

  

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
Swap Contracts  $643,941   $82,063   $1,453,948   $(138,923)
                     
   

Frontier Select

Fund

                         
Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies   $ (67,355 )                        

 

4. Swap Contracts

 

In addition to authorizing Trading Advisors to manage pre-determined investment levels of futures, option on futures and forward contracts, certain Series of the Trust will strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Total return swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical total return swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount or value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities.  

 

Each Series’ investment in swaps will likely differ substantially over time due to cash flows, portfolio management decisions and market movements. The swaps serve to diversify the investment holdings of each Series and to provide access to programs and advisors that would not be otherwise available to the Series, and are not used for hedging purposes.

 

The Managing Owner follows a procedure in selecting well-established financial institutions which the Managing Owner, in its sole discretion, considers to be reputable, reliable, financially responsible and well established to act as swap counterparties. The procedure includes due diligence review of documentation on all new and existing financial institution counterparties prior to initiation of the relationship, and quarterly ongoing review during the relationship, to ensure that counterparties meet the Managing Owner’s minimum credit requirements, the counterparty average rating being no less than an investment grade rating as defined by the rating agencies. As of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, approximately 2.0% and 1.6%, respectively, of the Trust’s assets were deposited with over-the-counter counterparties in order to initiate and maintain swaps and is recorded as collateral within the swap fair value within the statement of financial condition. The cash held with the counterparty is not restricted.

 

31

 

 

The Series may strategically invest assets in one or more swaps linked to certain underlying investments or indices at the direction of the Managing Owner. The Trading Company in which the assets of these Series will be invested will not own any of the investments or indices referenced by any swap entered into by these Series. In addition, neither the swap counterparty to the Trading Company of these Series nor any advisor referenced by any such swap is a Trading Advisor to these Series.

 

To help to reduce counterparty risk on the Series, the Managing Owner has the right to reduce the Series’ exposure and remove cash from the Series’ total return swaps with Deutsche Bank AG. This cash holding shall be in excess of $250,000 and may not exceed 40% of the Index exposure in total. Index exposure is defined as the total notional amount plus any profit. The Series are charged interest on this cash holding and any amount removed will be offset against the final settlement value of the swap. As of June 30, 2019, the Frontier Balanced Fund, the Frontier Diversified Fund, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund, had $6,176,555, $4,000,000, $115,000, and $1,900,000, respectively, in cash holdings as shown in the Series’ Statements of Financial Conditions under advance on unrealized swap appreciation, which relates to the Trading Companies’ total return swaps with Deutsche Bank AG.

 

The Series have invested in the following swaps as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019:

  

  

Frontier

Balanced Fund

  

Frontier

Diversified Fund

   Frontier 
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
   Frontier
 Heritage
Fund
 
  Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
 Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche
Bank AG
 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610   $2,072,056 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023    3/27/2023 
Cash Collateral  $86,000   $86,000   $29,950   $975,450 
Swap Value  $10,605,012   $5,747,765   $431,716   $1,929,799 
Investee Returns  Total Returns   Total Returns   Total Returns   Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $(103,896)  $(39,056)  $(43,201)  $81,229 
Fair Value as of June 30, 2019  $10,691,012   $5,833,765   $461,666   $2,905,249 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)  $(1,900,000)

 

The Series have invested in the following swaps as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018:

  

   Frontier 
Balanced
Fund
   Frontier
 Diversified
Fund
   Frontier 
Long/Short
Commodity
Fund
   Frontier 
Heritage
Fund
 
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
   Total Return
Swap
 
Counterparty  Deutsche
Bank AG
   Deutsche
Bank AG
   Deutsche
Bank AG
   Deutsche
Bank AG
 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610   $2,072,056 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023    3/27/2023 
Cash Collateral  $86,000   $86,000   $29,950   $978,950 
Swap Value  $10,708,908   $5,834,414   $449,152   $1,976,494 
Investee Returns  Total Returns   Total Returns   Total Returns   Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $1,453,948   $643,941   $82,063   $(138,924)
Fair Value as of December 31, 2018  $10,794,908   $5,920,414   $479,102   $2,955,444 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)  $(1,900,000)

 

32

 

 

5. Investments in Unconsolidated Trading Companies and Private Investment Companies

 

Investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies and private investment companies represent cash and open trade equity invested in the Trading and private investment companies as well as by each Series and cumulative trading profits or losses allocated to each Series by the Trading Companies and private investment companies. Trading Companies and private investment companies allocate trading profits or losses on the basis of the proportion of each Series’ capital allocated for trading to each respective Trading Company, which bears no relationship to the amount of cash invested by a Series in the Trading Company and private investment companies. The Trading Companies are valued using the equity method of accounting, which approximates fair value. Investments in private investment companies are valued using the NAV provided by the underlying private investment.

 

The Galaxy Plus structure is made up of feeder funds in which the Series invests and master trading entities into which the feeder funds invest. No investment held by a Galaxy Plus master trading entity is greater than 5% of any Series’ total capital.

  

The following table summarizes each of the Series’ investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

 

  As of June 30, 2019   As of December 31, 2018 
Series  Percentage of
Series Total
Capital Invested in
Unconsolidated Trading Companies
   Fair Value   Percentage of
Series Total
Capital Invested in
Unconsolidated Trading Companies
   Fair Value 
Frontier Diversified Series —                    
Frontier Trading Companies II and XXXVIII   0.14%  $18,043    7.19%  $1,160,910 
                     
Frontier Masters Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Companies II and XXXVIII   1.03%  $36,495    13.91%  $775,088 
                     
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII   0.60%  $12,761    1.15%  $28,163 
                     
Frontier Balanced Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Companies II and XXXVIII   0.03%  $6,230    5.48%  $1,744,999 
                     
Frontier Select Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Companies XXXVIII and XXXIX   15.96%  $587,909    13.56%  $523,180 
                     
Frontier Global Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Companies II and XXXVIII   0.30%  $18,384    52.30%  $4,292,075 
                     
Frontier Heritage Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Companies II and XXXVIII   0.60%  $24,242    16.27%  $726,686 

 

33

 

 

The following tables summarize each of the Series’ equity in earnings from unconsolidated Trading Companies and private investment companies for the six and three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. 

 

   Trading
Commissions
   Realized
Gain/(Loss)
   Change in
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss)
   Net Income
(Loss)
 
Frontier Balanced Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(138,899)  $(138,899)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (732)   (732)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (22,370)   635,922    201,668    815,220 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (17,895)   46,071    (78,813)   (50,637)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (173,562)   (1,016,391)   (35,635)   (1,225,588)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (18,736)   1,292,724    (74,396)   1,199,592 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    286,677    286,677 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (49,975)   (936,608)   185,088    (801,495)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (25,311)   24,230    (121,258)   (122,339)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (6,786)   45,834    20,454    59,502 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (45,648)   986,448    (396,129)   544,671 
Total  $(360,283)  $1,078,230   $(151,975)  $565,972 
                     

Frontier Global Fund —

         
Frontier Trading Company II LLC  $-   $-   $(337,431)  $(337,431)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (14,574)   (14,574)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (153,661)   1,206,683    134,763    1,187,785 
Total  $(153,661)  $1,206,683   $(217,242)  $835,780 
                     
Frontier Select Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC  $-   $-   $39,383   $39,383 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,672)   (1,672)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (33,911)   222,739    (47,068)   141,760 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (44,428)   259,691    (73,313)   141,950 
Total  $(78,339)  $482,430   $(82,670)  $321,421 
                     
Frontier Heritage Fund —                     
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(59,538)  $(59,538)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (4,379)   (4,379)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (41,734)   245,955    67,220    271,441 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (49,687)   284,089    (63,499)   170,903 
Total  $(91,421)  $530,044   $(60,196)  $378,427 
                     
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                     
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $-   $-   $(1,029)  $(1,029)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (37,828)   (379,307)   229,576    (187,559)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    142,869    142,869 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (24,026)   125,486    (44,529)   56,931 
Total  $(61,854)  $(253,821)  $326,887   $11,212 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(76,616)  $(76,616)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (8,996)   (8,996)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (19,559)   379,795    103,977    464,213 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (14,073)   28,047    (48,988)   (35,014)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (108,956)   (912,164)   268,101    (753,019)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (20,998)   811,110    (57,565)   732,547 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    144,793    144,793 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (35,222)   (573,436)   114,005    (494,653)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (13,254)   10,639    (7,477)   (10,092)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (7,948)   45,318    20,527    57,897 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (34,002)   603,982    (196,808)   373,172 
Total  $(254,012)  $393,291   $254,953   $394,232 
                     
Frontier Masters Fund —                     
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(65,952)  $(65,952)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,558)   (1,558)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (31,863)   231,766    69,765    269,668 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (81,588)   (163,846)   (188,680)   (434,114)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (17,916)   77,286    47,910    107,280 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (38,936)   214,809    (83,135)   92,738 
Total  $(170,303)  $360,015   $(221,650)  $(31,938)

  

34

 

 

   Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 
   Trading
Commissions
   Realized
Gain/(Loss)
   Change in
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss)
   Net Income
(Loss)
 
Frontier Balanced Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $67,960   $67,960 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (11,476)   (11,476)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (43,897)   (212,016)   6,928   (248,985)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (31,385)   (158,568)   1,111   (188,842)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (228,504)   369,476   13,457    154,429
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (36,360)   (138,701)   10,762   (164,299)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (123)   -   (3,585)   (3,708)
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (73,528)   (905,417)   60,858    (918,087)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (62,551)   (72,693)   12,369  (122,875)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (13,928)   (42,692)   3,166   (53,454)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (137,437)   (1,613,467)   86,852   (1,664,052)
Total  $(627,713)  $(2,774,078)  $248,402   $(3,153,389)
                     
Frontier Winton Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(186,556)  $(186,556)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (66,205)   (66,205)
Total  $-  $-   $(252,761)  $(252,761)
                     
Frontier Select Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC  $   $-   $(41,578)  $(41,578)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    4,561   4,561
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (61,704)   (525,255)   67,762   (519,197)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (80,091)   (94,447)   (208,032)   (382,570)
Total  $(141,795)  $(619,702)  $30,745  $556,214 
                     
Frontier Heritage Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $   $-   $6,663  $6,663
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (4,695)   (4,695)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (95,378)   (550,409)   44,752   (601,035)
Total  $(95,378)  $(550,409)  $46,720  $(599,067)
                     
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $-   $-   $(1,812)  $(1,812)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (55,540)   (106,500)   (43,080)   7,880
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (681)   -    (55,507)   (56,188)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (44,616)   (236,487)   13,305   (267,798)
Total  $(56,221)  $(129,987)  $(87,094)  $(317,918)
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $6,222  $6,222
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,820)   (1,820)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (21,609)   (70,821)   2,309   (90,121)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (19,728)   (71,041)   1,112   (89,657)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (88,315)   190,256   (45,473)   56,468
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (19,585)   (13,078)   8,453   (24,210)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -   (62)   3,942    3,880 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (41,686)   (336,175)   1,742    (376,119)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (37,240)   (25,944)   5,361   (57,823)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (15,597)   (42,800)   3,166   (55,231)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (72,444)   (772,916)   23,417   (821,943)
Total  $(316,204)  $(1,142,581)  $8,431   $(1,450,354)
                     
Frontier Masters Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(94,552)  $(94,552)
Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC   -    -    -   -
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    17,218    17,218 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -   (76,396)   68,413)   (7,983)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (149,210)   263,055   (103,684)   10,161
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (100,181)   (726,950)   13,640   (813,491)
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (47,188)   (87,994)   (179,255)   (314,437)
Total  $(296,579)  $(628,285)  $(278,220)  $(1,203,084)

35

 

 

   Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 
   Trading
Commissions
   Realized
Gain/(Loss)
   Change in
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss)
   Net Income
(Loss)
 
Frontier Balanced Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $382   $382 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,743)   (1,743)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (7,956)   500,989    (261,813)   231,220 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (7,282)   9,117    (12,265)   (10,430)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (104,751)   (3,311,760)   2,622,781    (793,730)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (9,768)   526,833    (184,438)   332,627 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    305,427    305,427 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (21,074)   (328,285)   179,439    (169,920)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    (105,511)   (105,511)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (2,518)   56,051    (6,885)   46,648 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (21,136)   1,171,891    (437,703)   713,052 
Total  $(174,485)  $(1,375,164)  $2,097,671   $548,022 
                     
Frontier Global Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II LLC  $-   $-   $(23,564)  $(23,564)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (178)   (178)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (99,335)   940,770    (341,757)   499,678 
Total  $(99,335)  $940,770   $(365,499)  $475,936 
                     
Frontier Frontier Select Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC  $-   $-   $63,719   $63,719 
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (535)   (535)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (18,439)   189,845    (130,938)   40,468 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (20,114)   312,950    (81,412)   211,424 
Total  $(38,553)  $502,795   $(149,166)  $315,076 
                     
Frontier Heritage Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(5,368)  $(5,368)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,597)   (1,597)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (24,706)   183,352    (87,492)   71,154 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (21,610)   341,761    (83,040)   237,111 
Total  $(46,316)  $525,113   $(177,497)  $301,300 
                     
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                    
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC  $-   $-   $(469)  $(469)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (22,997)   (636,737)   537,573    (122,161)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    172,203    172,203 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (11,740)   151,888    (42,868)   97,280 
Total  $(34,737)  $(484,849)  $666,439   $146,853 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(711)  $(711)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (403)   (403)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (9,102)   292,763    (123,620)   160,041 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (6,039)   5,628    (8,508)   (8,919)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (67,124)   (2,123,330)   1,689,124    (501,330)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (11,268)   351,448    (127,805)   212,375 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    152,338    152,338 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (15,429)   (184,729)   103,314    (96,844)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    (700)   (700)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (2,990)   50,835    (9,848)   37,997 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (16,278)   685,223    (254,362)   414,583 
Total  $(128,230)  $(922,162)  $1,418,819   $368,427 
                     
Frontier Masters Fund —                    
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC  $-   $-   $(4,502)  $(4,502)
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   -    -    (1,781)   (1,781)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (17,715)   168,928    (60,575)   90,638 
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (41,279)   (1,069,832)   878,048    (233,063)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (7,140)   82,721    (37,533)   38,048 
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (15,303)   283,646    (88,757)   179,586 
Total  $(81,437)  $(534,537)  $684,900   $68,926 

 

36

 

 

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2018  
    Trading
Commissions
    Realized
Gain/(Loss)
    Change in
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss)
    Net Income
(Loss)
 
Frontier Balanced Fund —                                
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC   $ -     $ -     $ 302,930     $ 302,930  
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC     -       -       (6,881 )     (6,881 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC     (13,073 )     (158,310 )     72,621       98,762  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC     (14,629 )     131,409       (38,608 )     78,172  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC     (141,047 )     (430,258 )     805,293       233,988  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC     (14,285 )     333,049       (63,193 )     255,571
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC     (123 )     -       (38,889 )     (39,012 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC     (37,583 )     292,017       423,980       678,414  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC     (21,107 )     (149,161 )     18,142       (152,126 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC     (7,130 )     (53,768 )     25,289       (35,609 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     (63,787 )     (25,610 )     (33,194 )     (122,591 )
Total   $ (312,764 )   $ (60,632 )   $ 1,467,490     $ 1,094,094  
                                 
Frontier Winton Fund —                                
Frontier Trading Company II LLC   $ -     $ -     $ 675,380     $ 675,380  
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC     -       -       (29,123 )     (29,123 )
Total   $ -     $ -     $ 646,257     $ 646,257  
                                 
Frontier Select Fund —                                
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX, LLC   $ -     $ -     $ (41,578 )   $ (41,578 )
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC     -       -       (1,017 )     (1,017 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC     (10,721 )     23,055       37,712       50,046
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     (42,595 )     (12,170 )     (16,423 )     (71,188 )
Total   $ (53,316 )   $ 10,885     $ (21,306 )   $ (63,737 )
                                 
Frontier Heritage Fund —                                
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC   $ -     $ -     $ 129,198     $ 129,198  
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC     -       -       (3,728 )     (3,728 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     (42,603 )     (5,832 )     (12,130 )     (60,565 )
Total   $ (42,603 )   $ (5,832 )   $ 113,340     $ 64,905  
                                 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund                                
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC   $ -     $ -     $ (1,870 )   $ (1,870 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC     -       -       -       -  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC     (25,765 )     (63,680 )     (118,815 )     29,370  
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC     (681 )     -       (148,965 )     (149,646 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     (19,032 )     (6,922 )     (3,573 )     (29,527 )
Total   $ (45,478 )   $ (70,602 )   $ (35,593 )   $ (151,673 )
                                 
Frontier Diversified Fund —                                
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC   $ -     $ -     $ 156,848     $ 156,848  
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC     -       -       (2,803 )     (2,803 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC     (5,137 )     (52,919 )     24,207       (33,849 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC     -       -       -       -  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC     (9,617 )     72,926       (21,449 )     41,860  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC     (41,617 )     (209,611 )     350,445       99,217  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC     (9,912 )     (139,185 )     (24,276 )     104,997  
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC     -       (62 )     (13,567 )     (13,629 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC     (20,301 )     132,708       177,519       (289,926 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC     (11,738 )     (64,178 )     8,247       (67,669 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC     (7,950 )     (53,876 )     25,289       (35,537 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     (31,712 )     3,362       (22,990 )     (51,340 )
Total   $ (137,984 )   $ (32,465 )   $ 657,470     $ 487,021  
                                 
Frontier Masters Fund —                                
Frontier Trading Company II, LLC   $ -     $ -     $ 148,044     $ (94,552 )
Frontier Trading Company XXXVIII, LLC     -       -       8,804       -  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC     -       -       -          
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC     (70,572 )     (207,046 )     370,789       93,171  
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC     (44,250 )     (27,294 )     (16,449 )     (87,993 )
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC     (9,581 )     27,308       35,040       52,767  
Total   $ (124,403 )   $ (207,032 )   $ 546,228     $ 214,793  

 

37

 

 

The Series’ investments in private investment companies have certain redemption and liquidity restrictions which are described in the following table:

 

   Redemptions  Redemptions  Liquidity
   Notice Period  Permitted  Restrictions
Frontier Diversified Fund   
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Option Trading         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
          
Frontier Masters Fund         
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC  24 hours  Weekly  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
          
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund         
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
          
Frontier Balanced Fund         
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Option Trading         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
          
Frontier Select Fund         
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC  24 hours  Weekly  None
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
          
Frontier Heritage Fund         
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
          
Frontier Global Fund         
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None

  

38

 

 

6. Transactions with Affiliates

 

The Managing Owner contributes funds to the Trust, with respect to the Series, in order to have a 1% interest (“Minimum Purchase Commitment”) in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of all Series and in return will receive units designated as general units in the Series in which the Managing Owner invests such funds. The general units may only be purchased by the Managing Owner and may be subject to no management fees or management fees at reduced rates. Otherwise, the general units hold the same rights as the limited units. The Managing Owner will make contributions to the Series of the Trust necessary to maintain at least a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of the combined Series of the Trust. Such contribution was made by the Managing Owner before trading commenced for the Trust and will be maintained throughout the existence of the Trust, and the Managing Owner will make such purchases as are necessary to effect this requirement. Additionally, the Managing Owner agreed with certain regulatory bodies to maintain a 1% interest specifically in the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP and 2a Units, aggregated, and each of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The 1% interest in these specific Series is included in computing the Minimum Purchase Commitment in aggregate capital. In addition to the general units the Managing Owner receives in respect of its Minimum Purchase Commitment, the Managing Owner may purchase limited units in any Series as a Limited Owner. Principals of the Managing Owner or affiliates are allowed to own beneficial interests in the Trust, with respect to the Series, as well. All Units purchased by the Managing Owner are held for investment purposes only and not for resale. The Managing Owner may make purchases or redemptions at any time on the same terms as any Limited Owner. The Trust has and will continue to have certain relationships with the Managing Owner and its affiliates.

 

Expenses

 

Management Fees—Each Series of Units pays to the Managing Owner a monthly management fee equal to a percentage of the notional assets of such Series allocated to Trading Companies, calculated on a daily basis. The percentage basis of the fees varies and are in line with the amounts being disclosed below. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a monthly management fee equal to a certain percentage of the assets in the Galaxy Plus entities attributable to such Series’ (including notional assets), calculated on a monthly basis. The management fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. The total amount of assets of a Series allocated to Trading Advisors and/or reference programs, including (i) actual funds deposited in accounts directed by the Trading Advisors or deposited as margin in respect of swaps or other derivative instruments referencing a reference program plus (ii) any notional equity allocated to the Trading Advisors and any reference programs, is referred to herein as the “notional assets” of the Series. The annual rate of the management fee is: 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1 and Class 2, 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a, 2.0% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a, Class 2a, and Class 3a and Frontier Masters Fund, 0.75% for Frontier Diversified Fund, 2.5% for the Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund, and 3.5% for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2 and Class 3. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such management fees to the Trading Advisor(s) and/or waive (up to the percentage specified) any such management fee to the extent any related management fee is paid by a trading company or estimated management fee is embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument. Any management fee embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument may be greater or less than the management fee that would otherwise be charged to the Series by the Managing Owner.

  

As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, a Trading Advisor does not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the management fee embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Select Fund was 1.00% per annum, and (v) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

  

39

 

 

The management fee as a percentage of the applicable Series’ notional assets will be greater than the percentage of the applicable Series’ net asset value to the extent that the notional assets of the Series exceeds its net asset value. The Managing Owner expects that the notional assets of each Series will generally be maintained at a level in excess of the net asset value of such Series and such excess may be substantial to the extent the Managing Owner deems necessary to achieve the desired level of volatility.

 

Trading Fees— In connection with each Series’ trading activities the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% per annum of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and any reference programs of the applicable Series. The Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and a custodial/due diligence fee of 0.12% of such Series’ NAV, calculated daily.

 

Incentive Fees—Some Series pay to the Managing Owner an incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Trading Companies by such Series, monthly or quarterly. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a quarterly incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Galaxy Plus entities that have been allocated to the Series. The incentive fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. Because the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may each employ multiple Trading Advisors, these Series will pay the Managing Owner a monthly incentive fee calculated on a Trading Advisor by Trading Advisor basis. It is therefore possible that in any given period the Series may pay incentive fees to the Managing Owner for one or more Trading Advisors while each of these Series as a whole experiences losses. The incentive fee is 25% for the Frontier Balanced Fund and the Frontier Diversified Fund and 20% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such incentive fees to the Trading Advisor(s) for such Series. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any incentive fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the range of incentive fees as a percentage of net new trading profits on swaps embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 20-25% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 20-25% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 25% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 15% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire incentive fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap.

  

Service Fees— Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents. 

 

40

 

 

The Managing Owner has determined that the purchase of additional units of the relevant series will commence in 2019. As such, the Managing Owner has calculated the amounts for additional units of the relevant series which will be purchased and classified such amounts as Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates of $23,105, $31,765, $136, $296,547, $14,233, $145,067 and $53,155 for the Frontier Diversified, Masters, Long/Short Commodity, Balanced, Select, Global and Heritage Funds, respectively.

  

The following table summarizes fees earned by the Managing Owner for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019  Incentive (Rebate) Fees   Management Fee   Service Fee   Trading Fee 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund  $    -   $-   $11,366   $126,026 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    2,072    2,268    58,718 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    152    14,365 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    5,286    154,061    248,123 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    26,562    22,475 
Frontier Global Fund   -    9,531    42,779    82,598 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    1,100    20,713    29,653 

 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2018  Incentive Fees (rebate)  

Management 

Fees

   Risk Analysis Fees   Service Fees   Trading Fees 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund  $   -   $13,229   $    -   $14,689   $143,613 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    28,862    -    12,929    105,998 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    -    407    21,519 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    22,566    1,692    237,810    344,769 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    -    33,273    28,109 
Frontier Winton Fund   -    131,682    -    80,907    80,703 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    33,893    -    31,302    36,855 

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019  Incentive (Rebate) Fees   Management Fee   Service Fee   Trading Fee 
                 
Frontier Diversified Fund  $    -   $2,668   $23,395   $256,330 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    7,665    9,754    126,036 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    314    28,217 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    13,365    324,926    527,460 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    52,067    45,107 
Frontier Global Fund   -    38,679    94,902    125,313 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    7,289    43,898    56,746 

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018  Incentive Fees (rebate)  

Management 

Fees

   Risk Analysis Fees   Service Fees   Trading Fees 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund  $1,881   $24,792   $-   $30,804   $308,763 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    61,211    -    27,898    240,046 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    -    1,064    46,212 
Frontier Balanced Fund   145,134    42,902    3,529    500,791    728,945 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    -    72,962    65,703 
Frontier Winton Fund   -    262,342    -    175,167    163,278 
Frontier Heritage Fund   1,394    69,874    -    68,410    79,147 

 

41

 

 

The following table summarizes fees payable to the Managing Owner as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

 

   Incentive Fees   Management Fees   Interest Fees   Service Fees   Trading Fees   Risk Analysis Fees 
                         
Frontier Diversified Fund  $     -   $-   $-   $2,464   $36,982   $- 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    -    -    201    14,956    - 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    -    4    4,793    - 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    8,828    -    45,227    76,075    9,994 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    335    8,212    7,120    - 
Frontier Global Fund   -    -    660    12,926    23,122    - 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    -    635    6,240    10,467    - 

 

As of December 31, 2018  Incentive Fees   Management
Fees
   Interest Fees   Service Fees   Trading Fees 
                     
Frontier Diversified Fund  $10,897   $3,875   $-   $4,498   $44,827 
Frontier Masters Fund   -    8,347    -    1,750    27,984 
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   -    -    -    51    5,306 
Frontier Balanced Fund   -    13,917    1,490    56,791    101,770 
Frontier Select Fund   -    -    -    8,575    7,812 
Frontier Global Fund   -    42,705    8,124    17,803    24,353 
Frontier Heritage Fund   -    9,201    1,238    6,684    10,189 

 

With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed therefore by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk and the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months. During the periods covered by this report there were no amounts receivable from the Managing Owner for any differences resulting from service fees.

 

Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasury Securities assets net of premiums and cash held at clearing brokers, of up to the first 2% (annualized) of average net assets less any fair market value related to swaps is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a, and Class 3a only), Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a) 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series.

  

42

 

 

The following table outlines the interest paid by each Series to the Managing Owner and its ratio to average net assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

  

Three Months Ended   June 30,
2019
    June 30,
2018
    June 30,
2019
    June 30,
2018
 
    Gross Amount 
Paid to the
    Gross Amount
Paid to the
    Ratio to Average     Ratio to Average  
  Managing Owner     Managing Owner     Net Assets     Net Assets  
                         
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 1   $ -     $ -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 2     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 3     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Masters Fund Class 1     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Masters Fund Class 2     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Masters Fund Class 3     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2     3       37       0.00 %     0.02 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3     81       488       0.00 %     0.02 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2a     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1     1,150       14,652       0.01 %     0.05 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP     19       256       0.01 %     0.05 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2     232       2,656       0.01 %     0.05 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2a     3       39       0.00 %     0.01 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 3a     10       108       0.00 %     0.01 %
Frontier Select Fund Class 1     1,400       3,375       0.04 %     0.08 %
Frontier Select Fund Class 1AP     3       15       0.05 %     0.08 %
Frontier Select Fund Class 2     41       359       0.04 %     0.08 %
Frontier Global Fund Class 1     3,631       34,013       0.06 %     0.32 %
Frontier Global Fund Class 1AP     21       111       0.06 %     0.32 %
Frontier Global Fund Class 2     252       3,251       0.06 %     0.32 %
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1     1,196       5,382       0.04 %     0.13 %
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1AP     2       5       0.05 %     0.12 %
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 2     255       836       0.04 %     0.13 %
                                 
Total   $ 8,299     $ 65,583                  

 

43

 

 

Six Months Ended   June 30,
2019
    June 30,
2018
    June 30,
2019
    June 30,
2018
 
    Gross Amount 
Paid to the
    Gross Amount
Paid to the
    Ratio to Average     Ratio to Average  
  Managing Owner     Managing Owner     Net Assets     Net Assets  
                         
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 1   $ -     $ -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 2     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Diversified Fund Class 3     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Masters Fund Class 1     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Masters Fund Class 2     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Masters Fund Class 3     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2     9       37       0.01 %     0.02 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3     208       488       0.01 %     0.02 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2a     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a     -       -       0.00 %     0.00 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1     2,881       14,652       0.01 %     0.04 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP     45       256       0.01 %     0.05 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2     555       2,656       0.01 %     0.04 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2a     7       39       0.00 %     0.01 %
Frontier Balanced Fund Class 3a     23       108       0.00 %     0.01 %
Frontier Select Fund Class 1     2,259       5,835       0.06 %     0.12 %
Frontier Select Fund Class 1AP     3       25       0.08 %     0.12 %
Frontier Select Fund Class 2     71       724       0.06 %     0.11 %
Frontier Global Fund Class 1     22,360       62,703       0.35 %     0.53 %
Frontier Global Fund Class 1AP     105       194       0.32 %     0.54 %
Frontier Global Fund Class 2     1,286       7,028       0.32 %     0.52 %
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1     3,424       5,382       0.12 %     0.12 %
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 1AP     3       5       0.12 %     0.10 %
Frontier Heritage Fund Class 2     669       836       0.11 %     0.12 %
                                 
Total   $ 33,908     $ 100,968                  

 

44

 

 

7. Financial Highlights

 

The following information presents the financial highlights of the Trust, with respect to the Series, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

Three months ending June 30, 2019

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, March 31, 2019  $100.84   $119.69   $111.62   $88.19   $104.69   $98.04   $50.14   $93.67   $58.96   $98.25   $61.96 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.01    0.01    0.01    0.03    0.04    0.04    0.01    0.02    0.01    0.02    0.01 
Expenses   (1.69)   (1.12)   (1.05)   (2.10)   (1.68)   (1.57)   (0.82)   (0.66)   (0.41)   (0.69)   (0.44)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   3.29    3.53   3.38   1.20   1.05   1.02   3.53   5.49   3.68   5.76   3.92
Net income/(loss)   1.60   2.42   2.34   (0.86)   (0.59)   (0.51)   2.72   4.85   3.28   5.09   3.49
Net asset value, June 30, 2019    $102.44   $122.11   $113.96   $87.33   $104.10   $97.53   $52.86   $98.52   $62.24   $103.34   $65.45 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.74%   -3.73%   -3.73%   -9.40%   -6.32%   -6.32%   -6.30%   -2.66%   -2.66%   -2.66%   -2.66%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.77%   3.76%   3.76%   9.55%   6.48%   6.48%   6.38%   2.74%   2.74%   2.74%   2.74%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.77%   3.76%   3.76%   9.55%   6.48%   6.48%   6.38%   2.74%   2.74%   2.74%   2.74%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   1.59%   2.02%   2.10%   -0.98%   -0.56%   -0.52%   5.42%   5.18%   5.56%   5.18%   5.63%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   1.59%   2.02%   2.10%   -0.98%   -0.56%   -0.52%   5.42%   5.18%   5.56%   5.18%   5.63%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, March 31, 2019  $114.89   $132.01   $178.04   $154.27   $153.78   $70.76   $82.30   $107.99 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.06    0.07    0.09    0.08    0.08     0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (2.00)   (1.30)   (1.76)   (1.52)   (1.52)   (1.00)   (0.52)   (0.69)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   3.41   3.91   5.28   4.66   4.57   6.27    6.56    9.66 
Net income/(loss)   1.47   2.68   3.62   3.22   3.13   5.27   6.04   8.97
Net asset value, June 30, 2019    $116.36   $134.69   $181.66   $157.49   $156.91   $76.03   $88.34   $116.96 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.76%   -3.72%   -3.72%   -3.72%   -3.72%   -5.52%   -2.49%   -2.49%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.97%   3.93%   3.93%   3.93%   3.93%   5.52%   2.49%   2.49%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.97%   3.93%   3.93%   3.93%   3.93%   5.52%   2.49%   2.49%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   1.28%   2.03%   2.03%   2.09%   2.04%   7.45%   7.34%   8.31%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   1.28%   2.03%   2.03%   2.09%   2.04%   7.45%   7.34%   8.31%

 

45

 

  

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                        
Net asset value, March 31, 2019  $136.33   $156.50   $195.48   $99.68   $112.44   $153.46 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (3.15)   (2.42)   (3.02)   (1.71)   (1.12)   (1.46)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   10.46    12.05    15.02    11.63    15.02    17.96 
Net income/(loss)   7.31    9.63    12.00    9.92   13.90    16.50 
Net asset value, June 30, 2019    $143.64   $166.13   $207.48   $109.60   $126.34   $169.96 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -9.11%   -6.07%   -6.07%   -6.75%   -3.71%   -3.71%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   9.11%   6.07%   6.07%   6.75%   3.71%   3.71%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   9.11%   6.07%   6.07%   6.75%   3.71%   3.71%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   5.36%   6.15%   6.14%   9.95%   12.36%   10.75%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   5.36%   6.15%   6.14%   9.95%   12.36%   10.75%

 

(1) Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.
(2) Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner’s total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.
(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.
(4) Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees are included in the total return.

 

46

 

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, March 31, 2018  $106.53   $124.26   $115.59   $98.30   $114.67   $107.10   $77.86   $112.44   $89.95   $117.97   $94.24 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.06    0.07    0.07    0.10    0.12    0.11    0.07    0.11    0.08    0.11    0.09 
Expenses   (1.73)   (1.07)   (0.99)   (2.19)   (1.94)   (1.81)   (1.23)   (0.67)   (0.53)   (0.70)   (0.56)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   3.44    3.61    3.43    3.12    3.53    3.37    (5.92)   (5.36)   (7.37)   (5.63)   (7.66)
Net income/(loss)   1.77    2.61    2.50    1.03    1.71    1.67    (7.08)   (5.92)   (7.82)   (6.22)   (8.13)
Net asset value, June 30, 2018  $108.30   $126.87   $118.09   $99.33   $116.38   $108.77   $70.78   $106.52   $82.13   $111.75   $86.11 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.27%   -3.20%   -3.20%   -8.68%   -6.48%   -6.48%   -6.13%   -2.05%   -2.05%   -2.05%   -2.05%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.50%   3.43%   3.43%   9.11%   6.91%   6.91%   6.51%   2.43%   2.43%   2.43%   2.43%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.50%   3.43%   3.43%   9.11%   6.91%   6.91%   6.51%   2.43%   2.43%   2.43%   2.43%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   1.66%   2.10%   2.16%   1.05%   1.49%   1.56%   -9.09%   -5.27%   -8.69%   -5.27%   -8.63%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   1.66%   2.10%   2.16%   1.05%   1.49%   1.56%   -9.09%   -5.27%   -8.69%   -5.27%   -8.63%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, March 31, 2018  $124.93   $139.33   $187.88   $162.67   $162.12   $76.47   $85.36   $113.28 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.03    0.03    0.04    0.03    0.03    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (2.08)   (1.29)   (1.74)   (1.51)   (1.50)   (0.98)   (0.48)   (0.63)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   2.33    2.61    3.54    3.14    3.12    (0.74)   (0.81)   (1.09)
Net income/(loss)   0.28    1.35    1.84    1.66    1.65    (1.72)   (1.29)   (1.72)
Net asset value, June 30, 2018  $125.21   $140.68   $189.72   $164.33   $163.77   $74.75   $84.07   $111.56 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.64%   -3.64%   -3.64%   -3.64%   -3.64%   -5.28%   -2.28%   -2.28%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.73%   3.73%   3.73%   3.73%   3.73%   5.28%   2.28%   2.28%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.73%   3.73%   3.73%   3.73%   3.73%   5.28%   2.28%   2.28%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   0.22%   0.97%   0.98%   1.02%   1.02%   -2.25%   -1.51%   -1.52%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   0.22%   0.97%   0.98%   1.02%   1.02%   -2.25%   -1.51%   -1.52%

 

   Frontier Winton Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                        
Net asset value, March 31, 2018  $144.60   $161.61   $196.85   $104.50   $116.64   $156.11 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (3.72)   (2.95)   (3.59)   (2.27)   (1.68)   (2.25)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   7.78    8.53    10.21    0.45    0.50    0.68 
Net income/(loss)   4.06    5.58    6.62    (1.82)   (1.18)   (1.57)
Net asset value, June 30, 2018  $148.66   $167.19   $203.47   $102.68   $115.46   $154.54 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -10.21%   -7.20%   -7.20%   -8.87%   -5.87%   -5.87%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   -10.21%   7.20%   7.20%   8.87%   5.87%   5.87%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   -10.21%   7.20%   7.20%   8.87%   5.87%   5.87%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   2.81%   3.45%   3.36%   -1.74%   -1.01%   -1.01%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   2.81%   3.45%   3.36%   -1.74%   -1.01%   -1.01%

 

47

 

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                            
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $102.25   $120.84   $112.62   $91.10   $107.68   $100.77   $56.80   $98.82   $66.52   $103.66   $69.83 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.04    0.05    0.05    0.04    0.05    0.05    0.03    0.05    0.03    0.05    0.03 
Expenses   (3.32)   (2.16)   (2.02)   (3.59)   (3.12)   (2.92)   (1.59)   (1.25)   (0.78)   (1.31)   (0.83)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   3.47    3.38    3.31    (0.22)   (0.51)   (0.37)   (2.38)   0.90    (3.53)   0.94    (3.59)
Net income/(loss)   0.19    1.27    1.34    (3.77)   (3.58)   (3.24)   (3.94)   (0.30)   (4.28)   (0.32)   (4.38)
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $102.44   $122.11   $113.96   $87.33   $104.10   $97.53   $52.86   $98.52   $62.24   $103.34   $65.45 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -13.31%   -7.23%   -7.23%   -16.90%   -12.15%   -12.15%   -12.58%   -5.12%   -5.12%   -5.12%   -5.12%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   13.49%   7.40%   7.40%   17.10%   12.35%   12.35%   12.80%   5.34%   5.34%   5.34%   5.34%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   13.49%   7.40%   7.40%   17.10%   12.35%   12.35%   12.80%   5.34%   5.34%   5.34%   5.34%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   0.19%   1.05%   1.19%   -4.14%   -3.32%   -3.22%   -6.94%   -0.30%   -6.43%   -0.31%   -6.27%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   0.19%   1.05%   1.19%   -4.14%   -3.32%   -3.22%   -6.94%   -0.30%   -6.43%   -0.31%   -6.27%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $117.63   $134.16   $180.94   $156.81   $156.26   $71.41   $82.48   $108.18 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.10    0.12    0.16    0.14    0.14    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (3.96)   (2.60)   (3.50)   (3.04)   (3.03)   (1.92)   (1.04)   (1.33)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   2.59    3.01    4.06    3.58    3.54    6.54    6.90    10.11 
Net income/(loss)   (1.27)   0.53    0.72    0.68    0.65    4.62    5.86    8.78 
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $116.36   $134.69   $181.66   $157.49   $156.91   $76.03   $88.34   $116.96 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -13.67%   -7.63%   -7.63%   -7.63%   -7.63%   -11.10%   -5.06%   -5.06%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   14.04%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   11.10%   5.06%   5.06%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   14.04%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   11.10%   5.06%   5.06%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -1.08%   0.40%   0.40%   0.43%   0.42%   6.47%   7.10%   8.12%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -1.08%   0.40%   0.40%   0.43%   0.42%   6.47%   7.10%   8.12%

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                        
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $131.57   $149.92   $187.17   $99.83   $111.78   $152.53 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (5.21)   (3.73)   (4.65)   (3.24)   (2.16)   (2.75)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   17.28    19.94    24.96    13.01    16.72    20.18 
Net income/(loss)   12.07    16.21    20.31    9.77    14.56    17.43 
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $143.64   $166.13   $207.48   $109.60   $126.34   $169.96 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -15.82%   -9.78%   -9.78%   -13.39%   -7.34%   -7.34%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   15.82%   9.78%   9.78%   13.39%   7.34%   7.34%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   15.82%   9.78%   9.78%   13.39%   7.34%   7.34%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   9.17%   10.81%   10.85%   9.79%   13.03%   11.43%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   9.17%   10.81%   10.85%   9.79%   13.03%   11.43%

 

48

 

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                        
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $117.63   $134.16   $180.94   $156.81   $156.26   $71.41   $82.48   $108.18 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.10    0.12    0.16    0.14    0.14    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (3.96)   (2.60)   (3.50)   (3.04)   (3.03)   (1.92)   (1.04)   (1.33)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   2.59    3.01    4.06    3.58    3.54    6.54    6.90    10.11 
Net income/(loss)   (1.27)   0.53    0.72    0.68    0.65    4.62    5.86    8.78 
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $116.36   $134.69   $181.66   $157.49   $156.91   $76.03   $88.34   $116.96 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -13.67%   -7.63%   -7.63%   -7.63%   -7.63%   -11.10%   -5.06%   -5.06%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   14.04%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   11.10%   5.06%   5.06%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   14.04%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   8.00%   11.10%   5.06%   5.06%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -1.08%   0.40%   0.40%   0.43%   0.42%   6.47%   7.10%   8.12%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -1.08%   0.40%   0.40%   0.43%   0.42%   6.47%   7.10%   8.12%

 

   Frontier Global Fund   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                              
Net asset value, December 31, 2018  $131.57   $149.92   $187.17   $99.83   $111.78   $152.53 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (5.21)   (3.73)   (4.65)   (3.24)   (2.16)   (2.75)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   17.28    19.94    24.96    13.01    16.72    20.18 
Net income/(loss)   12.07    16.21    20.31    9.77    14.56    17.43 
Net asset value, June 30, 2019  $143.64   $166.13   $207.48   $109.60   $126.34   $169.96 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -15.82%   -9.78%   -9.78%   -13.39%   -7.34%   -7.34%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   15.82%   9.78%   9.78%   13.39%   7.34%   7.34%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   15.82%   9.78%   9.78%   13.39%   7.34%   7.34%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   9.17%   10.81%   10.85%   9.79%   13.03%   11.43%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   9.17%   10.81%   10.85%   9.79%   13.03%   11.43%

 

(1)Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.
(2)Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner's total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.
(3)Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.
(4)Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees are included in the total return.

49

 

 

   Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund 
   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1   Class 2   Class 3   Class 1a   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3   Class 3a 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                                       
Net asset value, December 31, 2017  $116.41   $135.19   $125.68   $114.74   $133.27   $124.40   $81.35   $115.81   $93.59   $121.50   $97.99 
Net operating results:                                                       
Interest income   0.10    0.12    0.11    0.19    0.22    0.20    0.16    0.22    0.18    0.23    0.19 
Expenses   (3.56)   (2.23)   (2.07)   (4.47)   (3.94)   (3.66)   (2.42)   (1.36)   (1.10)   (1.42)   (1.15)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (4.65)   (6.21)   (5.63)   (11.13)   (13.17)   (12.17)   (8.31)   (8.15)   (10.54)   (8.56)   (10.92)
Net income/(loss)   (8.11)   (8.32)   (7.59)   (15.41)   (16.89)   (15.63)   (10.57)   (9.29)   (11.46)   (9.75)   (11.88)
Net asset value, June 30, 2018  $108.30   $126.87   $118.09   $99.33   $116.38   $108.77   $70.78   $106.52   $82.13   $111.75   $86.11 
                                                        
Ratios to average net assets                                                       
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.37%   -3.33%   -3.33%   -8.50%   -6.26%   -6.26%   -5.67%   -2.02%   -2.02%   -2.02%   -2.02%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.55%   3.51%   3.51%   8.87%   6.63%   6.63%   6.06%   2.41%   2.41%   2.41%   2.41%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   6.56%   3.52%   3.52%   8.87%   6.63%   6.63%   6.06%   2.41%   2.41%   2.41%   2.41%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -6.96%   -6.14%   -6.03%   -13.43%   -12.67%   -12.56%   -12.99%   -8.02%   -12.24%   -8.02%   -12.12%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -6.97%   -6.15%   -6.04%   -13.43%   -12.67%   -12.56%   -12.99%   -8.02%   -12.24%   -8.02%   -12.12%

 

   Frontier Balanced Fund   Frontier Select Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 2a   Class 3a   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                                        
Net asset value, December 31, 2017  $135.96   $150.56   $202.90   $175.77   $175.18   $90.27   $100.02   $132.73 
Net operating results:                                        
Interest income   0.08    0.08    0.11    0.10    0.10    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (4.67)   (3.10)   (4.18)   (3.63)   (3.62)   (2.13)   (1.05)   (1.42)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (6.16)   (6.86)   (9.11)   (7.91)   (7.89)   (13.39)   (14.90)   (19.75)
Net income/(loss)   (10.75)   (9.88)   (13.18)   (11.44)   (11.41)   (15.52)   (15.95)   (21.17)
Net asset value, June 30, 2018  $125.21   $140.68   $189.72   $164.33   $163.77   $74.75   $84.07   $111.56 
                                         
Ratios to average net assets                                        
Net investment income/(loss)   -6.94%   -3.95%   -3.95%   -3.95%   -3.95%   -5.38%   -2.38%   -2.38%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   6.72%   3.72%   3.72%   3.72%   3.72%   5.38%   2.38%   2.38%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   7.06%   4.07%   4.07%   4.07%   4.07%   5.38%   2.38%   2.38%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -7.56%   -6.22%   -6.15%   -6.16%   -6.17%   -17.19%   -15.95%   -15.95%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -7.91%   -6.56%   -6.50%   -6.51%   -6.51%   -17.19%   -15.95%   -15.95%

 

 

50

 

 

   Frontier Global Fund (formerly Frontier Winton Fund)   Frontier Heritage Fund 
   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2   Class 1   Class 1AP   Class 2 
Per unit operating performance (1)                              
Net asset value, December 31, 2017  $159.08   $176.44   $216.50   $121.19   $134.28   $179.70 
Net operating results:                              
Interest income   0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00 
Expenses   (7.15)   (5.46)   (6.87)   (4.74)   (3.48)   (4.63)
Net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests   (3.27)   (3.79)   (6.16)   (13.77)   (15.34)   (20.53)
Net income/(loss)   (10.42)   (9.25)   (13.03)   (18.51)   (18.82)   (25.16)
Net asset value, June 30, 2018  $148.66   $167.19   $203.47   $102.68   $115.46   $154.54 
                               
Ratios to average net assets                              
Net investment income/(loss)   -9.53%   -6.53%   -6.53%   -8.69%   -5.69%   -5.69%
Expenses before incentive fees (3)(4)   9.53%   6.53%   6.53%   8.66%   5.67%   5.67%
Expenses after incentive fees (3)(4)   9.53%   6.53%   6.53%   8.69%   5.69%   5.69%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   -6.55%   -5.24%   -6.02%   -15.25%   -13.99%   -13.97%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   -6.55%   -5.24%   -6.02%   -15.27%   -14.02%   -14.00%

 

(1) Interest income and expenses per unit are calculated by dividing these amounts by the average number of units outstanding during the period. The net gain/(loss) on investments, net of non-controlling interests is a balancing amount necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per unit with the other per unit information.
(2) Impact of incentive fee computed using average net assets, otherwise computed using average units outstanding during the period prior to the effects of any non-controlling transactions. An owner’s total returns may vary from the above returns based on the timing of contributions and withdrawals. Total returns are not annualized.
(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Statements of Operations of the Series, see footnote 6.
(4) Expense ratios do not include management and incentive fees at the Galaxy Plus entities. The ratios would have been higher had those expenses been included. The impact of those fees are included in the total return.

 

51

 

 

8. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

The Series’ primary business is to engage in speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts). The Series do not enter into or hold positions for hedging purposes as defined under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The detail of the fair value of the Series’ derivatives by instrument types as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is included in the Condensed Schedules of Investments. See Note 4 for further disclosure related to each Series’ position in swap contracts. As further described in Note 6 above, there are management fees embedded in these swaps ranging from 1% to 1.5% accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap and incentive fees embedded in these swaps ranging from 15% to 25% accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swaps.

 

The following tables summarize the monthly averages of forwards, options and futures contracts bought and sold for each respective Series of the Trust:

 

For the Three Months ended June 30, 2019

 

Monthly average contracts:

 

   Bought   Sold 
Frontier Balanced Fund   228    275 

 

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Monthly average contracts

 

   Bought   Sold 
Frontier Balanced Fund   174    301 

 

For the Six Months ended June 30, 2019

 

Monthly average contracts:

 

   Bought   Sold 
Frontier Balanced Fund   480    581 

 

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Monthly average contracts

 

   Bought   Sold 
Frontier Balanced Fund   1,522    1,518 

 

52

 

 

The following tables summarize the trading revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 by sector:

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $64,042 
Currencies   (123,270)
Energies   (7,996)
Interest rates   312,541 
Metals   13,674 
Stock indices   (5,618)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $253,372 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $18,952 
Currencies   (241,334)
Energies   (37,678)
Interest rates   548,174 
Metals   8,700 
Stock indices   (38,915)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $257,898 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Metals  $(46,019)
Currencies   (222,765)
Energies   19,021 
Agriculturals   22,712 
Interest rates   (10,368)
Stock indices   (20,242)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(257,661)

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Metals  $(105,544)
Currencies   (199,028)
Energies   61,256 
Agriculturals   50,782 
Interest rates   (97,212)
Stock indices   6,410 
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(283,336)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards, and options.

 

53

 

 

Unrealized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $(17,348)
Currencies   16,367 
Energies   (7,260)
Interest rates   (99,664)
Metals   4,519 
Stock indices   9,106 
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(94,279)

 

Unrealized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Agriculturals  $(41,639)
Currencies   (57,496)
Energies   1,510 
Interest rates   (107,355)
Metals   6,931 
Stock indices   1,534 
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(196,516)

 

Unrealized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Metals  $9,429 
Currencies   (61,638)
Energies   (5,285)
Agriculturals   (84,319)
Interest rates   (36,616)
Stock indices   (9,498)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(187,927)

 

Unrealized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract  Frontier Balanced Fund 
     
Metals  $23,123 
Currencies   (101,409)
Energies   (51,468)
Agriculturals   (43,085)
Interest rates   112,053 
Stock indices   (16,876)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)   (77,662)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit).

 

54

 

 

Certain financial instruments and derivative instruments are eligible for offset in the statements of financial condition under GAAP. The Series’ open trade equity/(deficit), options written, and receivables from futures commission merchants (each, an “FCM”) are subject to master netting arrangements and collateral arrangements and meet the GAAP guidance to qualify for offset. A master netting arrangement with a counterparty creates a right of offset for amounts due to and from that same counterparty that is enforceable in the event of a default or bankruptcy. The Series’ policy is to recognize amounts subject to master netting arrangements on a net basis on the statements of financial condition.

 

The following tables present gross and net information about the Series’ assets and liabilities subject to master netting arrangements as disclosed on the statements of financial condition as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

 

As of June 30, 2019

 

   Gross Amounts of recognized Derivative Assets   Gross Amounts offset in the Statements of Financial   Net Amounts Presented in the Statements of Financial Condition 
             
Frontier Balanced Fund            
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $242,957   $(201,096)  $41,861 
Swap Contracts   10,691,012    -   $10,691,012 
                
Frontier Diversified Fund               
Swap Contracts  $5,881,358   $-   $5,881,358 
                
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund               
Swap Contracts  $435,901   $-   $435,901 
                
Frontier Heritage Fund               
Swap Contracts  $3,036,673   $-   $3,036,673 

 

As of December 31, 2018

 

   Gross Amounts of recognized Derivative Assets   Gross Amounts offset in the Statements of Financial   Net Amounts Presented in the Statements of Financial Condition 
             
Frontier Balanced Fund            
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $348,879   $(128,220)  $220,659 
Swap Contracts   10,794,908    -   $10,794,908 
                
Frontier Diversified Fund               
Swap Contracts  $5,920,414   $-   $5,920,414 
                
Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund               
Swap Contracts  $479,102   $-   $479,102 
                
Frontier Heritage Fund               
Swap Contracts  $2,955,444   $-   $2,955,444 

 

9. Trading Activities and Related Risks

 

The purchase and sale of futures and options on futures contracts require margin deposits with FCMs. Additional deposits may be necessary for any loss on contract value. The Commodity Exchange Act requires an FCM to segregate all customer transactions and assets from the FCM’s proprietary activities. A customer’s cash and other property (for example, U.S. treasury bills) deposited with an FCM are considered commingled with all other customer funds subject to the FCM’s segregation requirements. In the event of an FCM’s insolvency, recovery may be limited to a pro rata share of segregated funds available. It is possible that the recovered amount could be less than the total of cash and other property deposited.

 

55

 

 

The term “off-balance sheet risk” refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear on the statements of financial condition, may result in future obligation or loss in excess of the amount paid by the Series for a particular investment. Each Trading Company expects to trade in futures, options, forward and swap contracts and will therefore be a party to financial instruments with elements of off-balance sheet market and credit risk. In entering into these contracts, there exists a market risk that such contracts may be significantly influenced by market conditions, such as interest rate volatility, resulting in such contracts being less valuable. If the markets should move against all of the futures positions held by a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity in respect of any Series at the same time, and if the Trading Advisor(s) of such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity are unable to offset such futures interests positions, such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity could lose all of its assets and the holders of Units of such Series would realize a 100% loss. The Managing Owner will seek to minimize market risk through real-time monitoring of open positions and the level of diversification of each Trading Advisor’s portfolio. It is anticipated that any Trading Advisor’s margin-to-equity ratio will typically not exceed approximately 35% although the actual ratio could be higher or lower from time to time.

 

In addition to market risk, trading futures, forward and swap contracts entails credit risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity. The counterparty for futures contracts traded in the United States and on most foreign exchanges is the clearinghouse associated with such exchange. In general, clearinghouses are backed by the corporate members of the clearinghouse who are required to share any financial burden resulting from the non-performance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearinghouse is not backed by the clearing members, like some foreign exchanges, it is normally backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Some non-U.S. exchanges, in contrast to U.S. exchanges, are principals’ markets in which performance is the responsibility only of the individual counterparty with whom the Trading Company has entered into the transaction, and not of the exchange or clearing corporation. In these kinds of markets, there is risk of bankruptcy or other failure or refusal to perform by the counterparty.

 

In the case of forward contracts traded on the interbank market and swaps, neither is traded on exchanges. The counterparty is generally a single bank or other financial institution, rather than a group of financial institutions; thus there may be a greater counterparty credit risk. The Managing Owner expects the Trading Advisors to trade only with those counterparties which it believes to be creditworthy. All positions of each Trading Company will be valued each day on a mark-to-market basis. There can be no assurance that any clearing member, clearinghouse or other counterparty will be able to meet its obligations to any Trading Company.

 

The Managing Owner has established procedures to actively monitor and minimize market and credit risks. The Limited Owners bear the risk of loss only to the extent of the market value of their respective investments and, in certain specific circumstances, distributions and redemptions received.

 

10. Indemnifications and Guarantees noted in Management Discussion and Analysis

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trust has had no prior claims or payments pursuant to these agreements. The Trust’s individual maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Trust that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience the Trust expects the risk of loss to be remote. Maximum exposure is unfulfilled obligations of the Series up to the amount of equity at risk with the custodian of the referenced Series as allocated from the Trading Company. The Series have not recorded any liability for the indemnifications in the accompanying financial statements as it expects any possibility of losses to be remote.

 

11. Subsequent Events

 

The Managing Owner evaluates events that occur after the balance sheet date but before and up until financial statements are available to be issued. The Managing Owner has assessed the subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were issued and has determined that, except as set forth below, there were no subsequent events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in the financial statements.

 

From July 1, 2019 through August 14, 2019, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund paid 902,280, 308,070, 59,320, 28,409, 121,292, 121,641 and 119,800, respectively, in redemptions. 

 

56

 

 

Frontier Funds
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2018

 

   June 30,
2019
   December 31,
2018
 
ASSETS        
Cash and cash equivalents  $316,615   $1,729,879 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value   1,619,710    5,684,327 
Receivable from futures commission merchants   2,969,199    11,255,848 
Open trade equity, at fair value   42,147    - 
Incentive fee receivable   -    78,845 
Swap contracts, at fair value   20,044,944    20,149,868 
Investments in private investment companies, at fair value   45,725,137    46,557,428 
Interest receivable   32,415    117,168 
Other assets   6,153    - 
           
Total Assets  $70,756,320   $85,573,363 
           
LIABILITIES & CAPITAL          
LIABILITIES          
Open trade deficit, at fair value  $-   $398,189 
Owner redemptions payable   449,276    23,759 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   -    10,897 
Management fees payable to Managing Owner   8,828    78,045 
Interest payable to Managing Owner   1,630    10,852 
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   75,274    222,241 
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   173,515    96,152 
Risk analysis fees payable   9,994    27,562 
Advance on unrealized Swap Appreciation   12,191,555    12,191,555 
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   564,008    497,326 
Other liabilities   20,662    4,003 
           
Total Liabilities   13,494,742    13,560,581 
           
OWNERS CAPITAL          
Managing Owner Units   595,404    851,595 
Limited Owner Units   56,666,174    71,161,187 
           
Total Owners Capital   57,261,578    72,012,782 
           
Total Liabilities and Owners Capital  $70,756,320   $85,573,363 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

57

 

 

Frontier Funds
Consolidated Condensed Schedule of Investments
June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

  

   Fair   % of Total Capital 
Description  Value   (Net Asset Value) 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS *          
Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)  $(7,390)   -0.01%
Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   3,030    0.01%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Canada)   (3,156)   -0.01%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   61,445    0.11%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   14,846    0.03%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   3,380    0.01%
Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   6,586    0.01%
Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   15,580    0.03%
Various soft futures contracts (Far East)   (1,336)   0.00%
Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (5,556)   -0.01%
Various stock index futures contracts (Africa)   (548)   0.00%
Various stock index futures contracts (Canada)   286    0.00%
Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)   3,686    0.01%
Various stock index futures contracts (Oceanic)   5,404    0.01%
Various stock index futures contracts (U.S.)   8,686    0.02%
Total Long Futures Contracts  $104,943    0.21%
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS *          
Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)  $19,766    0.03%
Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   (15,221)   -0.03%
Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (4,480)   -0.01%
Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (1,170)   0.00%
Total Short Futures Contracts  $(1,105)   -0.01%
CURRENCY FORWARDS *          
Various currency forwards contracts (NA)  $(61,691)   -0.11%
Total Currency Forwards  $(61,691)   -0.11%
Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $42,147    0.09%
SWAPS (1)          
Frontier Brevan Howard swap (U.S.)  $3,036,673    5.30%
Frontier XXXIV Balanced select swap (U.S.)   10,691,012    18.67%
Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)   5,881,358    10.27%
Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)   435,901    0.76%
Total Swaps  $20,044,944    35.00%
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (2)          
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   2,847,337    4.97%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   3,146,329    5.49%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   5,597,455    9.78%
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   3,889,473    6.79%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   552,017    0.96%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Fit Feeder Fund (535) LLC   152,963    0.27%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   984,631    1.72%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   13,075,038    22.83%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   12,115,010    21.16%
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   2,036,068    3.56%
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   1,328,816    2.32%
Total Private Investment Companies  $45,725,137    79.85%

 

U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES        
             
FACE VALUE  Fair Value     
         
$1,255,000   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $1,606,935)   1,619,710    2.83%
     Total U.S. Treasury Securities  $1,619,710    2.83%

 

*Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, forwards and option on futures contract position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.
(1)See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 4.
(2)See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

58

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Condensed Schedule of Investments

December 31, 2018

 

       % of Total Capital 
Description  Fair Value   (Net Asset Value) 
LONG FUTURES CONTRACTS *        
Various agriculture futures contracts (Europe)  $(1,315)   0.00%
Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   9,510    0.01%
Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   (429,385)   -0.60%
Various currency futures contracts (Latin America)   42,160    0.06%
Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   (643,321)   -0.89%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Canada)   13,487    0.02%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   360,817    0.50%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Far East)   36,092    0.05%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   78,270    0.11%
Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   44,250    0.06%
Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   14,730    0.02%
Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   (20,705)   -0.03%
Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)   (18,456)   -0.03%
Various stock index futures contracts (Far East)   (23,446)   -0.03%
Various stock index futures contracts (Oceanic)   1,338    0.00%
Various stock index futures contracts (U.S.)   (75,392)   -0.10%
Total Long Futures Contracts  $(611,366)   -0.85%
SHORT FUTURES CONTRACTS *          
Various agriculture futures contracts (Canada)  $9,817    0.01%
Various agriculture futures contracts (Europe)   400    0.00%
Various agriculture futures contracts (U.S.)   81,243    0.11%
Various base metals futures contracts (U.S.)   147,521    0.20%
Various currency futures contracts (Europe)   (63,875)   -0.09%
Various currency futures contracts (Far East)   (180,813)   -0.25%
Various currency futures contracts (Oceanic)   33,405    0.05%
Various energy futures contracts (U.S.)   425,052    0.59%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Europe)   (79,801)   -0.11%
Various interest rates futures contracts (Oceanic)   (309)   0.00%
Various interest rates futures contracts (U.S.)   (35,688)   -0.05%
Various precious metal futures contracts (U.S.)   (226,300)   -0.31%
Various soft futures contracts (U.S.)   22,291    0.03%
Various stock index futures contracts (Africa)   (1,220)   0.00%
Various stock index futures contracts (Canada)   3,027    0.00%
Various stock index futures contracts (Europe)   12,826    0.02%
Various stock index futures contracts (Far East)   283    0.00%
Various stock index futures contracts (U.S.)   62,711    0.09%
Total Short Futures Contracts  $210,570    0.29%
CURRENCY FORWARDS *          
Various currency forwards contracts (NA)  $2,607    0.00%
Total Currency Forwards  $2,607    0.00%
Total Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $(398,189)   -0.56%
SWAPS (1)          
Frontier Brevan Howard swap (U.S.)  $2,955,444    4.10%
Frontier XXXIV Balanced select swap (U.S.)   10,794,908    14.99%
Frontier XXXV Diversified select swap (U.S.)   5,920,414    8.22%
Frontier XXXVII L/S select swap (U.S.)   479,102    0.67%
Total Swaps  $20,149,868    27.98%
PRIVATE INVESTMENT COMPANIES (2)          
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   3,308,411    4.59%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   3,003,247    4.17%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   4,981,003    6.92%
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   4,968,683    6.90%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   5,503,821    7.64%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Fit Feeder Fund (535) LLC   808,116    1.12%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   930,806    1.29%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   1,103,278    1.53%
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   18,370,991    25.51%
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   2,595,925    3.60%
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   983,147    1.37%
Total Private Investment Companies  $46,557,428    64.64%

 

U.S. TREASURY SECURITIES        
             
FACE VALUE  Fair Value     
                
$4,512,000   US Treasury Note 6.875% due 08/15/2025 (Cost $5,589,456)   5,684,327    7.89%
     Total U.S. Treasury Securities  $5,684,327    7.89%

 

*Except for those items disclosed, no individual futures, forwards and option on futures contract position constituted greater than 1 percent of Net Asset Value. Accordingly, the number of contracts and expiration dates are not presented.

(1)See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 4.

(2)See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5.

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

59

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

  

June 30,

2019

   June 30,
2018
 
Investment income:          
Interest - net   $60,906   $116,557 
           
Total Income   60,906    116,557 
           
Expenses:          
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    148,409 
Management Fees   69,666    461,121 
Risk analysis Fees   2,872    43,720 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   549,256    877,098 
Trading Fees   1,165,209    1,632,215 
           
Total Expenses   1,787,003    3,162,563 
           
Investment income/(loss) - net   (1,726,097)   (3,046,006)
           
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:          
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   (1,098,852)   (38,891)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   4,859,737    (7,806,201)
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   (1,792,671)   423,435 
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   506,148    (514,240)
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   (104,923)   1,588,330 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   59,596    (401,667)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (32,268)   21,019 
Trading commissions   (20,240)   (51,747)
           
Net gain/(loss) on investments   2,376,527    (6,779,962)
           
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN OWNERS’ CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS   $650,430   $(9,825,968)

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

60

 

 

Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
 
Investment income:          
Interest - net  $16,734   $56,231 
           
Total Income   16,734    56,231 
           
Expenses:          
Incentive Fees (rebate)   -    - 
Management Fees   17,989    230,232 
Risk analysis Fees   (3,820)   20,922 
Service Fees - Class 1, 1A, 2 and 2A   257,901    411,318 
Trading Fees   581,958    761,690 
Other Fees   -    - 
           
Total Expenses   854,028    1,424,162 
           
Investment income/(loss) - net   (837,294)   (1,367,931)
           
Realized and unrealized gain/(loss) on investments:          
Net realized gain/(loss) on futures, forwards and options   178,497    715,860 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   2,025,004    1,333,361 
Net realized gain/(loss) on private investment companies   127,735    (421,358)
Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)   (19,404)   249,677 
Net realized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   -    - 
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts   244,541    56,022 
Net realized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   (43,742)   (112,843)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities   53,004    34,631 
Trading commissions   (9,167)   (32,749)
           
Net gain/(loss) on investments   2,556,468    1,822,601 
           
           
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN OWNERS’ CAPITAL RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS  $1,719,174   $454,670 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Owners’ Capital
For the Six Months Ending June 30, 2019 (unaudited)

 

   Managing Owner   Limited Owners   Total 
             
Owners’ Capital, December 31, 2018  $851,595   $71,161,187   $72,012,782 
                
Sale of Units (including transfers)   -    -    - 
Redemption of Units (including transfers)   (256,000)   (15,145,634)   (15,401,634)
Net increase/(decrease) in Owners’               
Capital resulting from operations   (191)   650,621    650,430 
                
Owners’ Capital, June 30, 2019  $595,404   $56,666,174   $57,261,578 

 

The consolidated Trust is not unitized as are the individual Series of the Trust

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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Frontier Funds

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited)

 

   June 30,
2019
   June 30,
2018
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:        
Net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations  $650,430   $(9,825,968)
Adjustments to reconcile net increase/(decrease) in capital resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:          
Change in:          
Net change in open trade equity   (440,336)   498,388 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on swap contracts   104,923    (1,588,330)
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasury securities   32,268    (21,019)
Net realized (gain)/loss on U.S. Treasuries securities   (59,596)   401,667 
Net unrealized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   (4,859,737)   7,806,201 
Net realized (gain)/loss on private investment companies   1,792,671    (423,435)
(Purchases) sales of:          
(Purchases) of U.S. Treasury securities   (8,596,723)   13,523,255 
Sales of U.S. Treasury securities   12,656,776    (16,729,100)
(Purchases) of Private Investment Companies   (22,654,399)   (17,440,372)
Sales of Private Investment Companies   26,557,496    23,949,869 
Reduction of collateral in Swap contracts   -    3,100,000 
U.S. Treasury interest and premium paid/amortized   28,153    158,988 
Increase and/or decrease in:          
Receivable from futures commission merchants   8,286,649    10,869,332 
Interest receivable   84,753    (62,590)
Receivable from related parties   -    58,146 
Other assets   (6,153)   - 
Incentive fees payable to Managing Owner   67,948    (53,036)
Management fees payable to Managing Owner, net of change in receivable   (69,217)   (15,342)
Interest payable to Managing Owner   (9,222)   (4,502)
Trading fees payable to Managing Owner   (146,967)   (225,266)
Service fees payable to Managing Owner   77,363    89,964 
Due from Managing Owner   -    31,887 
Risk analysis fees payable   (17,568)   (4,132)
Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates   66,682    - 
Other liabilities   16,659    (9,653)
           
Net cash provided by operating activities   13,562,853    14,084,952 
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:          
           
Payment for redemption of capital   (15,401,634)   (15,595,187)
Redemptions payable   425,517    173,229 
           
Net cash used in financing activities   (14,976,117)   (15,421,958)
           
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (1,413,264)   (1,337,006)
           
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period   1,729,879    2,695,377 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period  $316,615   $1,358,371 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

  

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Frontier Funds

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

1. Organization and Purpose

 

Frontier Funds, which is referred to in this report as the “Trust”, was formed on August 8, 2003, as a Delaware statutory trust and is set to expire on December 31, 2053. The Trust is a multi-advisor commodity pool, as described in CFTC Regulation § 4.10(d)(2). The Trust has authority to issue separate Series of Units pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Act. The assets of each Series are valued and accounted for separately from the assets of other Series. The Trust is not registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. It is managed by the Managing Owner.

 

Purchasers of Units are Limited Owners of the Trust with respect to beneficial interests of the Series’ Units purchased. The Trust Act provides that, except as otherwise provided in the second amended and restated declaration of trust and trust agreement dated December 9, 2013, as further amended, by and among the Managing Owner, Wilmington Trust Company as trustee and the unitholders, as amended from time to time (the “Trust Agreement”), unitholders of the Trust will have the same limitation of liability as do stockholders of private corporations organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Trust Agreement confers substantially the same limited liability, and contains the same limited exceptions thereto, as would a limited partnership agreement for a Delaware limited partnership engaged in like transactions as the Trust. In addition, pursuant to the Trust Agreement, the Managing Owner of the Trust is liable for obligations of a Series in excess of that Series’ assets. Limited Owners do not have any such liability. The Managing Owner will make contributions to the Series of the Trust necessary to maintain at least a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of all Series.

 

The Trust has been organized to pool investor funds for the purpose of trading in the U.S. and international markets for currencies, interest rates, stock indices, agricultural and energy products, precious and base metals and other commodities. The Trust may also engage in futures contracts, forwards, option contracts and other interest in derivative instruments, including swap contracts.

 

The Trust has seven (7) separate and distinct Series of Units issued and outstanding: Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund (Formerly Frontier Winton Fund), and Frontier Heritage Fund. The Trust financial statements are comprised of unitized Series which are consolidated into the Trust financial statements. However, the consolidated Trust does not issue units.

 

The Trust, with respect to each Series:

 

  engages in the speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts), and may, from time to time, engage in cash and spot transactions;

 

  allocates funds to a limited liability trading company or companies (“Trading Company” or “Trading Companies”) and Galaxy Plus entities (“Galaxy Plus”). Except as otherwise described in these notes, each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity has one-year renewable contracts with its own independent commodity trading advisor(s), or each, a Trading Advisor, that will manage all or a portion of such Trading Company’s and Galaxy Plus entity’s assets and make the trading decisions for the assets of each Series invested in such Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity will segregate its assets from any other Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity;

 

  maintains separate, distinct records for each Series, and accounts for the assets of each Series separately from the other Series;

 

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  calculates the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) of its Units for each Series separately from the other Series;

 

  has an investment objective of increasing the value of each Series’ Units over the long term (capital appreciation), while managing risk and volatility; further, to offer exposure to the investment programs of individual Trading Advisors and to specific instruments;

 

  maintains each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 or Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund, and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series. Class 1AP was created as a sub-class of Class 1 and it has been presented separately because the fees applicable to it are different from those applicable to Class 1. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such selling agents; and

 

  all payments made to selling agents who are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and their associated persons that constitute underwriting compensation will be subject to the limitations set forth in Rule 2310(b)(4)(B)(ii) (formerly Rule 2810(b)(4)(B)(ii)) of the Conduct Rules of FINRA (“Rule 2310”). An investor’s Class 1 Units or Class 2 Units of any Series, or Class 1a Units or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund or Frontier Balanced Fund will be classified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of such Series, as applicable, when the Managing Owner determines that the fee limitation set forth in Rule 2310 with respect to such Units has been reached or will be reached. The service fee limit applicable to each unit sold is reached upon the earlier of when (i) the aggregate initial and ongoing service fees received by the selling agent with respect to such unit equals 9% of the purchase price of such unit or (ii) the aggregate underwriting compensation (determined in accordance with FINRA Rule 2310) paid in respect of such unit totals 10% of the purchase price of such unit. No service fees are paid with respect to Class 3 or Class 3a Units. Units of any Class in a Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, on a daily basis, at the then current NAV per Unit for such Series on the day of the week after the date the Managing Owner is in receipt of a redemption request for at least one (1) business day to be received by the Managing Owner prior to 4:00 PM in New York.

 

The assets of any particular Series include only those funds and other assets that are paid to, held by or distributed to the Trust on account of and for the benefit of that Series. Under the “Inter-Series Limitation on Liability” expressly provided for under Section 3804(a) of the Trust Act, separate and distinct records of the cash and equivalents, although pooled for maximizing returns, are maintained in the books and records of each Series.

  

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As of June 30, 2019, the Trust, with respect to the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund, separates Units into three separate Classes—Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund separates Units into a maximum of three separate Classes – Class 1, Class 2 and Class 1AP. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Balanced Fund separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes— Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 2, Class 2A and Class 3A. The Trust, with respect to the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund separates Units into a maximum of five separate Classes— Class 1A, Class 2A, Class 2, Class 3A and Class 3. Between April 15, 2016 and May 10, 2017, a portion of the interests in Frontier Trading Company I, LLC and all of the interests in Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, and Frontier Trading Company XXIII LLC held by Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Balanced Fund and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were exchanged for equivalent interests in the Galaxy Plus Managed Account Platform (“Galaxy Plus”) which is an unaffiliated, third-party managed account platform. The assets of Frontier Trading Company I, LLC, which included exposure to Quantmetrics Capital Management LLP’s Multi-Strategy Program, Quantitative Investment Management, LLC’s Quantitative Global Program, Quest Partners LLC’s Quest Tracker Index Program, Chesapeake Capital Management, LLC’s Diversified Program, and Doherty Advisors LLC’s Relative Value Moderate Program, the assets of Frontier Trading Company VII, LLC, which included exposure to Emil van Essen LLC’s Multi-Strategy Program, Red Oak Commodity Advisors, Inc.’s Fundamental Diversified Program, Rosetta Capital Management, LLC’s Rosetta Trading Program, and Landmark Trading Company’s Landmark Program, the assets of Frontier Trading Company XV, LLC, which included exposure to Transtrend B.V.’s TT Enhanced Risk (USD) Program, and the assets of Frontier Trading Company XXIII, LLC which included exposure to Fort L.P.’s Global Contrarian Program have been transferred to individual Delaware limited liability companies (“Master Funds”) in Galaxy Plus. Each Master Fund is sponsored and operated by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC (“Sponsor”). The Sponsor has contracted with the Trading Advisors to manage the portfolios of the Master Funds pursuant to the advisors’ respective program. For those Series that invest in Galaxy Plus, approximately 30-70% of those Series assets are used to support the margin requirements of the Master Funds. The remaining assets of the Series are split between investments in Trading Companies and a pooled cash management account that invests primarily in U.S. Treasury securities. For those Series that do not invest in Galaxy Plus, their assets are split between investments in Trading Companies and investments in the pooled cash management account.

 

Each of the Series has invested a portion of its assets in several different Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities and one or more Trading Advisors may manage the assets invested in such Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, currency trading companies, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

 

2. Significant Accounting Policies

 

The following are the significant accounting policies of the Trust.

 

Basis of Presentation—The Trust follows GAAP, as established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), to ensure consistent reporting of financial condition, condensed schedules of investments, results of operations, changes in capital and cash flows. The Trust is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946.

 

Consolidation—The Series, through investing in the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus, authorize certain Trading Advisors to place trades and manage assets at pre-determined investment levels. The Trading Companies were organized by the Managing Owner for the purpose of investing in commodities interests and derivative instruments, and have no operating income or expenses, except for trading income and expenses and a risk analysis fee (for closed Series only), all of which is allocated to the Series, if consolidated by a Series. Galaxy Plus is a series of Delaware limited liability companies, sponsored by Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC, that create exposure to a variety of third party professional managed futures and foreign exchange advisors. Galaxy Plus is available to qualified high-net-worth individuals and institutional investors. Investment interests in Galaxy Plus entities are accounted for using net asset value as the practical expedient, which approximates fair value. Fair value represents the proportionate share of the Trust’s interest in the NAV in the Galaxy Plus entities. The equity interest held by Trust is shown as investments in private investment companies in the statements of financial condition. The income or loss attributable thereto in proportion to of the investment level of the private investment companies is shown in the statements of operations as net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies. The Trading Companies and Series of the Trust are consolidated by the Trust. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

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Galaxy Plus entities are co-mingled investment vehicles. In addition to the Trust, there are other non-affiliated investors in Galaxy Plus. Subscriptions and redemptions by these non-affiliated investors will have a direct impact on the Trust ownership percentage in Galaxy Plus. It is expected that ownership percentage will fluctuate (sometimes significantly) on a week by week basis which could also result in frequent changes in the consolidating Series. Such fluctuations make consolidating the financial statements of the Galaxy Plus entities both impractical and misleading. Non-consolidation of these Galaxy Plus entities presents a more useful financial statement for the readers. As such, management has decided that presenting Galaxy Plus entities on a non-consolidated basis as investments in other investments companies (a “fund of funds” approach) is appropriate and preferable to the users of these financial statements. Refer to Note 5 for additional disclosures related to these private investment companies.

 

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP may require the Managing Owner to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates as well as the valuation of certain other investments. Please refer to Note 3 for discussion of valuation methodology. Actual results could differ from these estimates and such differences could be material.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents—Cash and cash equivalents include cash and overnight investments in interest-bearing demand deposits held at banks with original maturities of three months or less. This cash is not restricted.

 

Interest Income—U.S. Treasury Securities are pooled for purposes of maximizing returns on these assets to investors of all Series. Interest income from pooled cash management assets is recognized on the accrual basis and allocated daily to each Series based upon its daily proportion of ownership of the pool. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasuries and assets held at a futures commission merchant (“FCM”), of up to two percentage points of the aggregate percentage yield (annualized) of net asset value less any fair market value related to swaps, is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1, and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. All interest not paid to the Managing Owner is interest income to the Series, and shown net on the statement of operations.

 

U.S. Treasury Securities—U.S. Treasury Securities are reported at fair value as Level 1 inputs under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). The Trust values U.S. Treasury Securities at fair value and records the daily change in value in the consolidated statements of operations as net unrealized gain/(loss) on U.S. Treasury securities. Accrued interest is reported on the consolidated statements of financial condition as interest receivable.

 

Receivable from Futures Commission Merchants—The Trust deposits assets with a FCM subject to CFTC regulations and various exchange and broker requirements. Margin requirements are satisfied by the deposit of cash with such FCM. The Trust earns interest income on its assets deposited with the FCM. A portion of the receivable is restricted cash required to meet maintenance margin requirements. Cash with the clearing broker as of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019 included restricted cash for margin requirements of $1,717,065 and $2,609,013 for the Frontier Trading Company I LLC, and $4,621,100 and $0 for Frontier Trading Company II LLC, respectively.

 

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Investment Transactions—Futures, options on futures, forward and swap contracts are recorded on a trade date basis and realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Unrealized gains or losses on open contracts (the difference between contract trade price and market price) are reported in the consolidated statements of financial condition as a net unrealized gain or loss, as there exists a right of offset of unrealized gains or losses in accordance with FASB ASC 210, Balance Sheet (“ASC 210”) and Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210).

 

Any change in net unrealized gain or loss from the preceding period is reported in the consolidated statements of operations. Fair value of exchange-traded contracts is based upon exchange settlement prices. Fair value of non-exchange-traded contracts is based on third party quoted dealer values on the interbank market. For U.S. Treasury securities, interest was recognized in the period earned and the instruments were marked-to-market daily based on third party information. Transaction costs are recognized as incurred and reflected separately in the consolidated statements of operations.

  

Purchase and Sales of Private Investment Companies—The Trust is able to subscribe into and redeem from the Galaxy Plus entities on a weekly basis. The value of the private investment companies is determined by the Sponsor and reported on a daily basis. The change in value is calculated as the difference between the total purchase proceeds and the fair value calculated by the Sponsor and is recorded as net unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the statements of operations.

 

Foreign Currency Transactions—The Series of the Trust’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar; however, they transact business in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Series of the Trust do not isolate that portion of the results of operations resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates on investments from fluctuations arising from changes in market prices of securities held. Such fluctuations are included with the net realized or unrealized gain or loss from investments.

 

Allocation of Earnings—Each Series of the Trust may maintain three to seven classes of Units—Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 1a, Class 2a Class 3a and Class 1AP. All classes have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights and the same terms and conditions, except that fees charged to a Class or Series differ as described below. Revenues, expenses (other than expenses attributable to a specific class), and realized and unrealized trading gains and losses of each Series are allocated daily to Class 1, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, Class 3a and Class 1AP Units based on each Class’ respective owners’ capital balances as applicable to the classes maintained by the Series.

 

Each Series allocates funds to an affiliated Trading Company, or Companies, of the Trust, or unaffiliated Galaxy Plus entity. Each Trading Company allocates all of its daily trading gains or losses to the Series in proportion to each Series’ ownership trading level interest in the Trading Company, adjusted on a daily basis (except for Trading Advisors and other investments such as swaps that are directly allocated to a specific series). Likewise, trading gains and losses earned and incurred by the Series through their investments in Galaxy Plus entities are allocated to those Series on a daily basis. The allocation of gains and losses in Galaxy Plus entities are based on each Series pro-rata shares of the trading level of that entity which is updated at the beginning of each month or more frequently if there is a subscription or redemption activity in the entity. The value of all open contracts and cash held at clearing brokers is similarly allocated to the Series in proportion to each Series’ funds allocated to the Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities.

 

Investments and Swaps—The Trust records investment transactions on a trade date basis and all investments are recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value reported as a component of realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on investments in the statements of operations. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values as a practical expedient. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the discretion of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more underlying investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities. The valuation of swap contracts requires significant estimates. Swap contracts are reported at fair value based upon daily reports from the counterparty. The Managing Owner reviews and approves current day pricing of the CTA positions, as received from the counterparty which includes intra-day volatility and volume and daily index performance, that is used to determine a daily fair value NAV for the swap contracts.

 

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Income Taxes—The Trust applies the provisions of ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which provides guidance for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented and disclosed in the financial statements. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Trust’s financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions with respect to tax at the Trust’s level not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. The Managing Owner has concluded there is no tax expense, interest or penalties to be recorded by the Trust for the quarter ended June 30, 2019. The 2015 through 2018 tax years generally remain subject to examination by U.S. federal and most state tax authorities.

 

In the opinion of the Managing Owner, (i) the Trust is treated as a partnership for Federal income tax purposes and, assuming that at least 90% of the gross income of the Trust constitutes “qualifying income” within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Code, (ii) the Trust is not a publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation, and (iii) the discussion set forth in the Prospectus under the heading “U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” correctly summarizes the material Federal income tax consequences as of the date of the Prospectus to potential U.S. Limited Owners of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Series Units of the Trust.

 

Fees and Expenses—All management fees, incentive fees, service fees, risk analysis fees (for closed Series only) and trading fees of the Trust are paid to the Managing Owner. It is the responsibility of the Managing Owner to pay all Trading Advisor management and incentive fees, selling agent service fees and all other operating expenses and continuing offering costs of the Trust. Only management fees and incentive fees related to assets allocated through Trading Companies are included in expense on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Series are all charged management and incentive fees on the asset allocated through the Galaxy Plus entities. Those fees are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Series are also charged management and incentive fees on assets allocated to swaps. Such fees are embedded in the fair value of the swap and are included in net unrealized gain (loss) on swap contracts on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

Incentive Fee (rebate)—The Managing Owner is allowed to share in the incentive fees earned by the Commodity Trading Advisors up to 10% of New Net Profits (as defined in the prospectus). If the Managing Owner’s share of the incentive fee exceeds 10% of new net profits during the period, then the Managing Owner is obligated to return any amount in excess. The returned amounts are recorded as Incentive Fee (Rebate) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

Service Fees—The Trust may maintain each Series of Units in three to seven sub-classes—Class 1, Class 1AP, Class 1a, Class 2, Class 2a, Class 3, and Class 3a. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund are charged a service fee of up to two percent (2.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to two percent (2.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to two percent (2.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. Investors who have purchased Class 1 or Class 1a Units of Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Global Fund are charged a service fee of up to three percent (3.0%) annually of the NAV (of the purchase price, in case of the initial service fee) of each Unit purchased, for the benefit of selling agents selling such Class 1 or Class 1a Units. The initial service fee, which is amortized monthly at an annual rate of up to three percent (3.0%) of the average daily NAV of Class 1 or Class 1a of such Series, is prepaid to the Managing Owner by each Series, and paid to the selling agents by the Managing Owner in the month following sale; provided, however, that investors who redeem all or a portion of their Class 1 and Class 1a Units of any Series during the first twelve (12) months following the effective date of their purchase are subject to a redemption fee of up to three percent (3.0%) of the purchase price at which such investor redeemed to reimburse the Managing Owner for the then-unamortized balance of the prepaid initial service fee. With respect to Class 2 and Class 2a Units of any Series, the Managing Owner pays an ongoing service fee to selling agents of up to one half percent (0.5%) annually of the NAV of each Class 2 or Class 2a Unit (of which 0.25% will be charged to Limited Owners holding Class 2 Units of the Frontier Diversified Fund and Frontier Masters Fund or Class 2a Units of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund sold) until such Class 2 or Class 2a Units which are subject to the fee limitation are reclassified as Class 3 or Class 3a Units of the applicable Series for administrative purposes. Currently the service fee is not charged to Class 1AP investors. The Managing Owner may also pay selling agents certain additional fees and expenses for administrative and other services rendered and expenses incurred by such Selling agents.

 

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Each Series is charged service fees as outlined above. In some cases, amounts paid to selling agents might be less than the amount charged to the Series. When this occurs, the service fee is rebated back to the investor in the form of additional units. During 2017 and 2018, the Series were not allowed to issue additional units. The Managing Owner has determined that the purchase of additional units of the relevant Series will commence in 2019 when the Series are allowed to sell shares again. As such, the Managing Owner has calculated the amounts for additional units of the relevant series which will be purchased and classified such amounts as Subscriptions in advance for service fee rebates of $497,326 and $564,008 as of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2019, respectively. 

 

These service fees are part of the offering costs of the Trust, which include registration and filing fees, legal and blue sky expenses, accounting and audit, printing, marketing support and other offering costs which are borne by the Managing Owner. With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Class 1 and Class 1a Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed for such payment by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk of the downside and enjoys the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months.

 

Pending Owner Additions—Funds received for new subscriptions and for additions to existing owner interests are recorded as capital additions at the NAV per unit of the second business day following receipt.

 

Owner redemptions payable—Funds payable for existing owner redemption requests are recorded as capital subtractions at the NAV per unit on the second business day following receipt or request.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements—In August 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The primary focus of ASU 2018-13 is to improve the effectiveness of the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The changes affect all companies that are required to include fair value measurement disclosures. In general, the amendments in ASU 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt the removed or modified disclosures upon the issuance of ASU 2018-13 and may delay adoption of the additional disclosures, which are required for public companies only, until their effective date. Management is currently evaluating the impacts ASU 2018-13 will have on the consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 11.

 

Subsequent Events—The Trust follows the provisions of ASC 855, Subsequent Events, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date and up through the date the financial statements are issued. Refer to Note 11.

 

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3. Fair Value Measurements

 

In connection with the valuation of investments the Trust applies Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”). ASC 820 provides clarification that when a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability is not available, a reporting entity is required to measure fair value using certain techniques. ASC 820 also clarifies that when estimating the fair value of an asset or liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment to other inputs relating to the existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of an asset or liability. ASC 820 also clarifies that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset or liability at the measurement date and the quoted price for the identical asset or liability when traded as an asset in an active market when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are required are Level 1 fair value measurements.

 

Level 1 Inputs

 

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

Level 2 Inputs

 

Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the financial assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar financial assets in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar financial assets in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the financial assets or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means.

 

Level 3 Inputs

 

Unobservable inputs for determining the fair value of financial assets that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the financial asset. 

 

The Trust, with respect to the Series, uses the following methodologies to value instruments within its financial asset portfolio at fair value:

 

Trading Securities. These instruments include U.S. Treasury securities and open trade equity positions (futures contracts) that are actively traded on public markets with quoted pricing for corroboration. U.S. Treasury securities and futures contracts are reported at fair value using Level 1 inputs. Trading securities instruments further include open trade equity positions (trading options and currency forwards) that are quoted prices for identical or similar assets that are not traded on active markets. Trading options and currency forwards are reported at fair value using Level 2 inputs.

 

Swap Contracts. Certain Series of the Trust strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount of value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities. Swap contracts are reported at fair value upon daily reports from the counterparty. In addition, a third party takes the inputs from the counterparty, makes certain adjustments, and runs it through their pricing model to come up with their daily price. The fair value measurements of the swap contracts are valued using unadjusted inputs that were not internally developed.  The Managing Owner reviews and compares approved current day pricing of the CTA positions, as received from the counterparty which includes intra-day volatility and volume and daily index performance, in addition to reports from the administrator. Differences in prices exceeding 5% are investigated. Unexplainable differences are escalated to the Managing Owner’s Valuation Committee for evaluation and resolution.  The Swap Contracts are reported at fair value using Level 3 inputs.

 

Investments in Private Investment Companies. Investments in private investment companies are valued utilizing the net asset values provided by the underlying private investment companies as a practical expedient. Each Series applies the practical expedient to its investments in private investment companies on an investment-by-investment basis, and consistently with the Series’ entire position in a particular investment, unless it is probable that the Series will sell a portion of an investment at an amount different from the net asset value of the investment.  The private investment companies are excluded from the fair value table below.

 

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The following table summarizes the instruments that comprise the Trust’s financial asset portfolio, by Series in aggregate, measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value.

 

June 30, 2019  Level 1 Inputs   Level 2 Inputs   Level 3 Inputs   Fair Value 
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $103,838  $(61,691)  $-   $42,147 
Swap Contracts   -    -    20,044,944    20,044,944 
U.S. Treasury Securities   1,619,710    -    -    1,619,710 

 

December 31, 2018  Level 1 Inputs   Level 2 Inputs   Level 3 Inputs   Fair Value 
Open Trade Equity (Deficit)  $(400,796)  $2,607   $-   $(398,189)
Swap Contracts   -    -    20,149,868    20,149,868 
U.S. Treasury Securities   5,684,327    -    -    5,684,327 

 

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized in the following tables. Swap contract asset gains and losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings are classified in “realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments – net unrealized gain/(loss) on swap contracts” on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

 

   For the
Six Months
ended June 30,
2019
 
     
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2018   20,149,868 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):     
Included in earnings-realized   - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   (104,923)
Proceeds from collateral reduction   
Purchase of investments   - 
Sale of investments   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
      
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of June 30, 2019   20,044,945 

 

   For the
Year ended
December 31,
2018
 
     
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of January 1, 2018   21,208,838 
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):     
Included in earnings-realized   - 
Included in earnings-unrealized   2,041,028 
Proceeds from collateral reduction   (3,099,998)
Purchase of investments   - 
Sale of investments   - 
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3   - 
      
Balance of recurring Level 3 assets as of December 31, 2018   20,149,868 

 

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The Trust assesses the levels of the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Trust’s accounting policy regarding the recognition of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Trust did not transfer any assets between Levels 1, 2 and 3.

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the consolidated statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at June 30, 2019:

 

Swaps  $(104,924)

 

The total change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in the consolidated statements of operations attributable to level 3 investments still held at December 31, 2018:

 

Swaps  $2,041,028 

 

4. Swaps Contracts

 

In addition to authorizing Trading Advisors to manage pre-determined investment levels of futures and forward contracts, certain Series of the Trust will strategically invest a portion or all of their assets in total return swaps, selected at the direction of the Managing Owner. Total return swaps are privately negotiated contracts designed to provide investment returns linked to those produced by one or more investment products or indices. In a typical total return swap, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on one or more particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the amount or value of the underlying asset used in computing the particular interest rate, return, or other amount to be exchanged) in a particular investment, or in a “basket” of securities.

 

The Trust’s investment in swaps will likely differ substantially over time due to cash flows, portfolio management decisions and market movements. The swaps serve to diversify the investment holdings of the Trust and to provide access to programs and advisors that would not be otherwise available to the Trust and are not used for hedging purposes.

 

The Managing Owner follows a procedure in selecting well-established financial institutions which the Managing Owner, in its sole discretion, considers to be reputable, reliable, financially responsible and well established to act as swap counterparties. The procedure includes due diligence review of documentation on all new and existing financial institution counterparties prior to initiation of the relationship, and quarterly ongoing review during the relationship, to ensure that counterparties meet the Managing Owner’s minimum credit requirements, the counterparty average rating being no less than an investment grade rating as defined by the rating agencies. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, approximately 2.06% or $1,177,400 and 1.46% or $1,180,900 respectively, of the Trust’s assets were deposited with over-the-counter counterparties in order to initiate and maintain swaps and is recorded as Swap Contracts, at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition of the Trust. This cash held with the counterparty is not restricted.

 

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The Trust strategically invests assets in one or more swaps linked to certain underlying investments or indices at the direction of the Managing Owner. The Trading Company in which the assets of the Trust will be invested will not own any of the investments or indices referenced by any swap entered into by the Trust. In addition, neither the swap counterparty nor any advisor referenced by any such swap is a Trading Advisor to the Trust.

 

The Trust had invested in the following swap contracts as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019:  

 

   XXXIV Balanced
select swap
   XXXV Diversified
select swap
   XXXVII L/S
select swap
   Brevan Howard 
   Total Return Swap   Total Return Swap   Total Return Swap   Total Return Swap 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610   $2,072,056 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023    3/27/2023 
Cash Collateral  $86,000   $86,000   $29,950   $975,450 
Swap Value  $10,605,012   $5,747,765   $431,716   $1,929,799 
                     
Investee Returns  Total Returns   Total Returns   Total Returns   Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $(103,896)  $(39,056)  $(43,201)  $81,229
Fair Value as of June 30, 2019  $10,691,012   $5,833,765   $461,666   $2,905,249 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)  $(1,900,000)

 

The Trust had invested in the following swap contracts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018:

 

   XXXIV Balanced
select swap
   XXXV Diversified
select swap
   XXXVII L/S
select swap
   Brevan Howard 
   Total Return Swap   Total Return Swap   Total Return Swap   Total Return Swap 
Counterparty  Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG   Deutsche Bank AG 
Notional Amount  $7,420,403   $1,761,834   $653,610   $2,072,056 
Termination Date   7/31/2023    7/31/2023    7/31/2023    3/27/2023 
Cash Collateral  $86,000   $86,000   $29,950   $978,950 
Swap Value  $10,708,908   $5,834,414   $449,152   $1,976,494 
                     
Investee Returns   Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns    Total Returns 
Realized Gain/(Loss)  $0   $0   $0   $0 
Change in Unrealized Gain/(Loss)  $1,453,948   $643,941   $82,063   $(138,924)
Fair Value as of December 31, 2018  $10,794,908   $5,920,414   $479,102   $2,955,444 
Advance on swap appreciation  $(6,176,555)  $(4,000,000)  $(115,000)  $(1,900,000)

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5. Investments in Private Investment Companies

 

Investments in private investment companies represent cash and open trade equity invested in the private investment companies as well as the cumulative trading profits or losses allocated to the Trust by the private investment companies. Private investment companies allocate trading profits or losses on the basis of the proportion of the Trust’s capital allocated for trading to each respective private investment company, which bears no relationship to the amount of cash invested by the Trust in the private investment companies. Investments in private investment companies are valued using the NAV provided by the underlying private investment.

 

The Galaxy Plus structure is made up of feeder funds in which the Trust invests and master trading entities into which the feeder funds invest. No investment held by a Galaxy Plus master trading entity is greater than 5% of the Trust’s total capital.

 

The following table summarizes the Trust’s equity in earnings from each of the private investment companies during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

   Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 
   Trading  Commissions   Realized Gain/(Loss)   Change in Unrealized  Gain/(Loss)   Net Income
(Loss)
 
                 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (158,814)   2,086,802    (875,257)   1,052,731 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (13,321)   14,745    (20,773)   (19,349)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (236,151)   (7,141,659)   5,727,526    (1,650,284)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (21,036)   878,281    (312,243)   545,002 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    629,968    629,968 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (36,503)   (513,014)   282,753    (266,764)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   -    -    (106,211)   (106,211)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (5,508)   106,886    (16,733)   84,645 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest FIT Feeder Fund (535) LLC   -    -    (48,550)   (48,550)
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (35,417)   596,596    (170,169)   391,010 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (96,343)   2,623,329    (986,444)   1,540,542 
Total  $(603,093)  $(1,348,034)  $4,103,867   $2,152,740 

 

   Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 
   Trading  Commissions   Realized Gain/(Loss)   Change in Unrealized  Gain/(Loss)   Net Income
(Loss)
 
                 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  $(18,210)  $(211,229)  $96,828  $(132,611)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (24,246)   204,335    (60,057)   120,032 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (279,001)   (910,595)   1,645,342    455,746 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (24,197)   472,234    (87,469)   360,568 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (804)   (62)   (201,421)   (202,287)
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (57,884)   424,725    601,499    968,340 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (32,845)   (213,339)   26,389   (219,795)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (15,080)   (107,644)   50,578   (72,146)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest FIT Feeder Fund (535) LLC   -    -    (49,181)   (49,181)
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (20,302)   50,363    72,752    102,813 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (240,251)   (74,466)   (104,759)   (419,476)
Total  $(712,820)  $(365,678)  $1,990,501   $912,003 

 

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   Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 
   Trading  Commissions   Realized Gain/(Loss)   Change in Unrealized  Gain/(Loss)   Net Income  (Loss) 
                 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC   (269,187)   2,700,121    577,393    3,008,327 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    -    -    - 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (31,968)   74,118    (127,801)   (85,651)
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (401,934)   (2,471,708)   273,362    (2,600,280)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (39,734)   2,103,831    (131,961)   1,932,139 
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   -    -    574,339    574,339 
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (85,197)   (1,510,044)   299,093    (1,296,148)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (38,565)   34,869    (128,735)   (132,431)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (14,734)   91,152    40,981    117,399 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest FIT Feeder Fund (535) LLC   -    -    (80,033)   (80,033)
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (83,364)   474,500    (156,448)   234,688 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (205,190)   2,300,30    (700,123)   1,394,717 
Total  $(1,169,873)  $3,796,872   $440,067   $3,067,066 

 

   Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 
   Trading  Commissions   Realized Gain/(Loss)   Change in Unrealized  Gain/(Loss)   Net Income  (Loss) 
                 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  $(68,124)  $(282,837)  $9,237   $(341,724)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Chesapeake Feeder Fund (518) LLC   -    (76,396)   68,413    (7,983)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC   (51,029)   (229,609)   2,223    (278,415)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Emil van Essen STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC   (521,358)   929,287    (178,780)   229,149 
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC   (53,977)   (151,779)   19,215    (186,541)
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC   (804)   (62)   (54,811)   (55,677)
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC   (115,169)   (944,354)   62,600    (996,923)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quantmetrics Feeder Fund (527) LLC   (99,908)   (98,637)   17,730    (180,815)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC   (29,450)   (83,146)   6,332    (106,264)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest FIT Feeder Fund (535) LLC   -    -    (76,792)   (76,792)
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC   (95,405)   (147,216)   (333,152)   (575,773)
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund (538) LLC   (543,620)   (4,460,709)   195,593    (4,808,736 
Total  $(1,578,844)  $(5,545,458)  $(262,192)  $(7,386,494)

 

The Trust’s investments in private investment companies have certain redemption and liquidity restrictions which are described in the following table:

 

   Redemptions Notice Period  Redemptions Permitted  Liquidity Restrictions
Frontier Funds         
Multi-Strategy         
Galaxy Plus Fund - EvE STP Feeder Fund (516) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - LRR Feeder Fund (522) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Welton GDP Feeder Fund  (538) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Trend Following         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Aspect Feeder Fund (532) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Fort Contrarian Feeder Fund (510) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - QIM Feeder Fund (526) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - Quest Feeder Fund (517) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None
Galaxy Plus Fund - TT Feeder Fund (531) LLC  24 hours  Weekly  None
Option Trading         
Galaxy Plus Fund - Doherty Feeder Fund (528) LLC  24 hours  Daily  None

 

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6. Transactions with Affiliates

 

The Managing Owner contributes funds to the Trust in order to have a 1% interest in the aggregate capital, profits and losses and in return will receive units designated as general units in the Series of the Trust in which the Managing Owner invests such funds. The general units may only be purchased by the Managing Owner and may be subject to no advisory fees or management advisory fees at reduced rates. Otherwise, the general units hold the same rights as the limited units. The Managing Owner is required to maintain at least a 1% interest (“Minimum Purchase Commitment”) in the aggregate capital, profits and losses of the Trust so long as it is acting as the Managing Owner of the Trust. Such contribution was made by the Managing Owner before trading commenced for the Trust and will be maintained throughout the existence of the Trust, and the Managing Owner will make such purchases as are necessary to effect this requirement. Additionally, the Managing Owner agreed with certain regulatory bodies to maintain a 1% interest specifically in the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP Units and Frontier Balanced Fund Class 2a Units, aggregated, and each of the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund, and Frontier Masters Fund. The 1% interest in these specific Series of the Trust is included in computing the Minimum Purchase Commitment in aggregate capital. In addition to the general units the Managing Owner receives in respect of its Minimum Purchase Commitment, the Managing Owner may purchase limited units in any Series as a Limited Owner. Principals of the Managing Owner or affiliates are allowed to own beneficial interests in the Trust, as well. All units purchased by the Managing Owner are held for investment purposes only and not for resale. The Managing Owner may make purchases or redemptions at any time on the same terms as any Limited Owner. The Trust has and will continue to have certain relationships with the Managing Owner and its affiliates.

  

Expenses

 

Management Fees—Each Series of Units pays to the Managing Owner a monthly management fee equal to a percentage of the notional assets of such Series allocated to Trading Companies, calculated on a daily basis. The percentage basis of the fees varies and are in line with the amounts being disclosed below. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a monthly management equal to a certain percentage of the assets in the Galaxy Plus entities attributable to such Series’ (including notional assets), calculated on a monthly basis. The management fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The total amount of assets of a Series allocated to Trading Advisors and/or reference programs, including (i) actual funds deposited in accounts directed by the Trading Advisors or deposited as margin in respect of swaps or other derivative instruments referencing a reference program plus (ii) any notional equity allocated to the Trading Advisors and any reference programs, is referred to herein as the “notional assets” of the Series. The annual rate of the management fee is: 0.5% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1 and Class 2, 1.0% for the Frontier Balanced Fund Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a, 2.0% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 1a, Class 2a and Class 3a and Frontier Masters Fund, 0.75% for Frontier Diversified Fund, 2.5% for the Frontier Heritage Fund and Frontier Select Fund, and 3.5% for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 2 and Class 3. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such management fees to the Trading Advisor(s) and/or waive (up to the percentage specified) any such management fee to the extent any related management fee is paid by a trading company or estimated management fee is embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument. Any management fee embedded in a swap or other derivative instrument may be greater or less than the management fee that would otherwise be charged to the Series by the Managing Owner. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the range of management fees embedded based on fair value of swaps in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee was accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

The management fee as a percentage of the applicable Series’ notional assets will be greater than the percentage of the applicable Series’ net asset value to the extent that the notional assets of the Series exceeds its net asset value. The Managing Owner expects that the notional assets of each Series will generally be maintained at a level in excess of the net asset value of such Series and such excess may be substantial to the extent the Managing Owner deems necessary to achieve the desired level of volatility.

 

Trading Fees— In connection with each Series’ trading activities the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Global Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% per annum of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and any reference programs of the applicable Series. The Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund pays to the Managing Owner an FCM fee of up to 2.25% of notional assets allocated to the trading advisors, including through investments in commodity pools available on the Galaxy Plus Platform, and a custodial/due diligence fee of 0.12% of such Series’ NAV, calculated daily.

 

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Incentive Fees— Some Series pay to the Managing Owner an incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Trading Companies by such Series, monthly or quarterly. In addition, the Managing Owner receives a quarterly incentive fee of a certain percentage of new net trading profits generated in the Galaxy Plus entities that have been allocated to the Series. The incentive fees attributable to Galaxy Plus entities are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Because the Frontier Balanced Fund, Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Masters Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may each employ multiple Trading Advisors, these Series will pay the Managing Owner a monthly incentive fee calculated on a Trading Advisor by Trading Advisor basis. It is therefore possible that in any given period the Series may pay incentive fees to the Managing Owner for one or more Trading Advisors while each of these Series as a whole experiences losses. The incentive fee is 25% for the Frontier Balanced Fund and the Frontier Diversified Fund and 20% for the Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Heritage Fund, Frontier Select Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund and Frontier Masters Fund. The Managing Owner may pay all or a portion of such incentive fees to the Trading Advisor(s) for such Series. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any incentive fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of June 30, 2019, the range of incentive fees as a percentage of net new trading profits on swaps embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 20-25% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 20-25% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 25% per annum, and (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 15% per annum, and the Managing Owner has waived the entire incentive fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap.

 

Service Fees—In addition, with respect to Class 1 and Class 1a Units of each Series of the Trust, as applicable, the Series pays monthly or quarterly to the Managing Owner a service fee of up to 3% and 2% annually, for the closed Series and open Series, respectively, which the Managing Owner pays to selling agents of the Trust. With respect to Class 2 Units of each Series of the Trust, as applicable, the Series pays monthly or quarterly to the Managing Owner a service fee of up to 0.25% annually, for the closed Series and open Series, respectively, which the Managing Owner pays to selling agents of the Trust.

 

As of June 30, 2019, the Trust had a payable to the Managing Owner in the amounts of $0, $8,828, $1,630, $173,515, $9,994 and $75,274 for incentive fees, management fees, interest, service fees, risk analysis fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2018, the Trust had a payable to the Managing Owner in the amounts of $10,897, $78,045, $10,852, $222,241, and $96,152 for incentive fees, management fees, interest, trading fees, and service fees, respectively.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 the Trust paid the Managing Owner $0, $17,989, $(3,820), $257,901 and $581,958 for incentive fees, management fees, risk analysis fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 the Trust paid the Managing Owner $0, $69,666, $2,872, $549,256 and $1,165,209 for incentive fees, management fees, risk analysis fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2018 the Trust paid the Managing Owner $0, $230,232, $411,318 and $761,690 for incentive fees, management fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

  

For the six months ended June 30, 2018 the Trust paid the Managing Owner $148,409, $461,121, $877,096 and $1,632,215 for incentive fees, management fees, service fees, and trading fees, respectively.

 

With respect to the service fees, the initial service fee (for the first 12 months) relating to a purchase of Units by an investor is prepaid by the Managing Owner to the relevant selling agent in the month following such purchase and is reimbursed therefore by the Series monthly in arrears in an amount based upon a corresponding percentage of NAV, calculated daily. Consequently, the Managing Owner bears the risk and enjoys the benefit of the upside potential of any difference between the amount of the initial service fee prepaid by it and the amount of the reimbursement thereof, which may result from variations in NAV over the following 12 months. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, amounts received or receivable from the Managing Owner for the difference in monthly service fees from the prepaid initial service fees were $0 and $0, respectively.

 

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Aggregate interest income from all sources, including U.S. Treasury Securities assets net of premiums and cash held at clearing brokers, of up to the first 2% (annualized) is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2 only), Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 2 and Class 3), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a only), Frontier Masters Fund, and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a, Class 3a only) 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Trust paid $8,299 and $55,400, respectively, of such interest income to the Managing Owner. Such amounts are not included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations of the Trust. All other interest income is recorded by the Trust on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

 

7. Financial Highlights

 

The following information presents the financial highlights of the Trust for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. This data has been derived from the information presented in the consolidated financial statements.

 

Three months ended June 30

   2019   2018 
Ratios to average net assets (1)          
Net investment income/(loss) (1)   -5.41%   -5.90%
Expenses before incentive fees (3) (4)   5.52%   6.14%
Expenses after incentive fees (3) (4)   5.52%   6.14%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   2.74%   0.49%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   2.74%   0.49%

 

Six months ended June 30

   2019   2018 
Ratios to average net assets (1)          
Net investment income/(loss) (1)   -5.57%   -6.03%
Expenses before incentive fees (3) (4)   -5.77%   6.12%
Expenses after incentive fees (3) (4)   -5.77%   6.27%
Total return before incentive fees (2)   1.04%   -9.74%
Total return after incentive fees (2)   1.04%   -9.89%

 

(1) Annualized with the exception of incentive fees.

(2) Total returns are not annualized.

(3) Expense ratios do not reflect interest allocated to the Managing Owner as such expenses are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations of the Trust. See footnote 5.

(4) Does not include management and incentive fees at Galaxy Plus.

 

The Trust financial highlights are calculated based upon the Trust’s consolidated financial statements. The consolidated Trust does not issue units and therefore the financial highlights do not disclose any unitized data.

 

8. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

The Trust’s primary business is to engage in speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forwards (including interbank foreign currencies), options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swap contracts). The Trust does not enter into or hold positions for hedging purposes as defined under ASC 815. The detail of the fair value of the Trust’s derivatives by instrument types as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is included in the Consolidated Condensed Schedules of Investments. See Note 4 for further disclosure related to the Trust’s positions in swap contracts. As further described in Note 6 above, there are management fees embedded in these swaps ranging from 1% to 1.5% accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap and incentive fees embedded in these swaps ranging from 15% to 25% accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swaps.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the monthly average of forwards, options and futures contracts bought was approximately 230 and 707, respectively and sold was approximately 277 and 613, respectively.

 

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The following tables summarize the trading revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 by sector:

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $64,042 
Currencies   (190,296)
Energies   (7,996)
Interest rates   312,541 
Metals   5,826 
Stock indices   (5,618)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $178,497 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract    
     
Metals  $110,822 
Currencies   (735,456)
Energies   1,237,113
Agriculturals   154,718 
Interest rates   132,403 
Stock indices   (183,740)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $715,860 

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract   
     
Agriculturals  $4,479 
Currencies   (690,957)
Energies   (592,892)
Interest rates   865,211 
Metals   (611,514)
Stock indices   (73,178)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(1,098,852)

 

Realized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract    
     
Metals  $286,692 
Currencies   (1,063,187)
Energies   972,529
Agriculturals   (9,340)
Interest rates   (46,591)
Stock indices   (178,994)
Realized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(38,891)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under Net realized gain(loss) on futures forwards and options.

 

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Net Change in Open Trading Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(17,348)
Currencies   83,394
Energies   589
Interest rates   (99,664)
Metals   4,519
Stock indices   9,106
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(19,404)

 

Unrealized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract    
     
Metals  $206,966 
Currencies   (9,676)
Energies   (90,184)
Agriculturals   (21,184)
Interest rates   72,443
Stock indices   91,312
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(249,677)

 

Net Change in Open Trade Equity from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

 

Type of contract    
     
Agriculturals  $(96,927)
Currencies   170,634 
Energies   221,638 
Interest rates   (334,017)
Metals   488,974 
Stock indices   55,845 
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $506,148 

 

Unrealized Trading Revenue from Futures, Forwards and Options

for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

 

Type of contract    
     
Metals  $(382,688)
Currencies   (278,092)
Energies   (61,956)
Agriculturals   21,007 
Interest rates   384,926 
Stock indices   (197,437)
Change in unrealized trading income/(loss)(1)  $(514,240)

 

(1) Amounts recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under Net change in open trade equity/(deficit)

 

Certain financial instruments and derivative instruments are eligible for offset in the statements of financial condition under GAAP. The Trust’s open trade equity/(deficit), options written, and receivables from futures commission merchants (each, an “FCM”) are subject to master netting arrangements and collateral arrangements and meet the GAAP guidance to qualify for offset. A master netting arrangement with a counterparty creates a right of offset for amounts due to and from that same counterparty that is enforceable in the event of a default or bankruptcy. The Trust’s policy is to recognize amounts subject to master netting arrangements on a net basis on the consolidated statements of financial condition.

 

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The following tables present gross and net information about the Trust’s assets and liabilities subject the master netting arrangements as disclosed on the consolidated statements of financial condition as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

 

As of June 30, 2019

 

   Gross Amounts of recognized Derivative Assets   Gross Amounts offset in the Statements of Financial   Net Amounts Presented
in the Statements of Financial Condition
 
             
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $242,957   $(201,096)  $41,861
Swap Contracts   20,044,944    -    20,044,944 

 

As of December 31, 2018

 

   Gross Amounts of recognized Derivative Assets   Gross Amounts offset in the Statements of Financial   Net Amounts Presented
in the Statements of Financial Condition
 
             
Open Trade Equity/(Deficit)  $3,244,057   $(3,642,246)  $(398,189)
Swap Contracts   20,149,868    -    20,149,868 

 

9. Trading Activities and Related Risks

 

The purchase and sale of futures and options on futures contracts require margin deposits with FCMs. Additional deposits may be necessary for any loss on contract value. The Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (the “Commodity Exchange Act”), requires an FCM to segregate all customer transactions and assets from the FCM’s proprietary activities. A customer’s cash and other property (for example, U.S. treasury bills) deposited with an FCM are considered commingled with all other customer funds subject to the FCM’s segregation requirements. In the event of an FCM’s insolvency, recovery may be limited to a pro rata share of segregated funds available. It is possible that the recovered amount could be less than the total of cash and other property deposited.

 

The term “off-balance sheet risk” refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear on the statements of financial condition, may result in future obligation or loss in excess of the amount paid by the Series for a particular investment. Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity expects to trade in futures, options, forward and swap contracts and will therefore be a party to financial instruments with elements of off-balance sheet market and credit risk. In entering into these contracts, there exists a market risk that such contracts may be significantly influenced by market conditions, such as interest rate volatility, resulting in such contracts being less valuable. If the markets should move against all of the futures positions held by a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity in respect of any Series at the same time, and if the Trading Advisor(s) of such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity are unable to offset such futures interests positions, such Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity could lose all of its assets and the holders of Units of such Series would realize a 100% loss. The Managing Owner will seek to minimize market risk through real-time monitoring of open positions and the level of diversification of each Trading Advisor’s portfolio. It is anticipated that any Trading Advisor’s margin-to-equity ratio will typically not exceed approximately 35% although the actual ratio could be higher or lower from time to time.

 

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In addition to market risk, trading futures, forward and swap contracts entails credit risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to a Trading Company or Galaxy Plus entity. The counterparty for futures contracts traded in the United States and on most foreign exchanges is the clearinghouse associated with such exchange. In general, clearinghouses are backed by the corporate members of the clearinghouse who are required to share any financial burden resulting from the non-performance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearinghouse is not backed by the clearing members, like some foreign exchanges, it is normally backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Some non-U.S. exchanges, in contrast to U.S. exchanges, are principals’ markets in which performance is the responsibility only of the individual counterparty with whom the Trading Company has entered into the transaction, and not of the exchange or clearing corporation. In these kinds of markets, there is risk of bankruptcy or other failure or refusal to perform by the counterparty.

 

In the case of forward contracts traded on the interbank market and swaps, neither is traded on exchanges. The counterparty is generally a single bank or other financial institution, rather than a group of financial institutions; thus, there may be a greater counterparty credit risk. The Managing Owner expects the Trading Advisors to trade only with those counterparties which it believes to be creditworthy. All positions of each Trading Company will be valued each day on a mark-to-market basis. There can be no assurance that any clearing member, clearinghouse or other counterparty will be able to meet its obligations to any Trading Company.

 

The Managing Owner has established procedures to actively monitor and minimize market and credit risks. The Limited Owners bear the risk of loss only to the extent of the market value of their respective investments and, in certain specific circumstances, distributions and redemptions received.

 

10. Indemnifications and Guarantees

 

The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trust has had no prior claims or payments pursuant to these agreements. The Trust’s individual maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Trust that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience the Trust expects the risk of loss to be remote. Maximum exposure is unfulfilled obligations of the Trust up to the amount of equity at risk with the custodians of the Trust. The Trust has not recorded any liability for the guarantees in the accompanying financial statements as it expects any possibility of losses to be remote. The Trust has not recorded any liability for the indemnifications in the accompanying financial statements as it expects any possibility of losses to be remote.

 

11. Subsequent Events

 

The Managing Owner evaluates events that occur after the balance sheet date but before and up until financial statements are available to be issued. The Managing Owner has assessed the subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were issued and has determined that, except as set forth below, there were no subsequent events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in the financial statements.

 

From July 1, 2019 through August 14, 2019, the Trust paid $1,660,812 in redemptions.

 

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Item 2.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Introduction

 

The following discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements about the Managing Owner’s expectations of what may happen in the future. Forward-looking statements are based on a number of assumptions and estimates that are inherently subject to significant risks and uncertainties, and our results could differ materially from the results anticipated by our forward-looking statements as a result of many known or unknown factors, including, but not limited to, those factors discussed in “Risk Factors.” See also the “Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements” set forth at the beginning of this report.

 

The following discussion and tables should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this quarterly report and our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

 

Overview

 

The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust formed on August 8, 2003. The Trust is a multi-advisor commodity pool, as described in CFTC Regulation § 4.10(d)(2). The Trust is authorized to issue multiple Series of Units, pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Act. The assets of each Series are held and accounted for in separate and distinct records separately from the assets of other Series. The Trust is managed by the Managing Owner, and its term will expire on December 31, 2053 (unless terminated earlier in certain circumstances).

 

The Trust, with respect to each Series of Units, engages in the speculative trading of a diversified portfolio of futures, forward (including interbank foreign currencies) and options contracts and other derivative instruments (including swaps). The Trust allocates funds to affiliated Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, each of which has one-year renewable contracts with its own independent Trading Advisor(s) that will manage all or a portion of the applicable Trading Company’s or Galaxy Plus entity’s assets, and make the trading decisions for the assets of each Series invested in such Trading Company or Gemini Plus entity. The assets of each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity will be segregated from the assets of each other Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity. The Trust has an investment objective of increasing the value of the Units over the long term (capital appreciation), while controlling risk and volatility; further, to offer exposure to the investment programs of individual Trading Advisors and to specific instruments (currencies). For additional overview of the Trust’s structure and business activities, see Item 1.

 

All management fees, incentive fees, service fees, risk analysis fee (for closed Series only) and trading fees of the Trust are paid to the Managing Owner. It is the responsibility of the Managing Owner to pay all Trading Advisor management and incentive fees, selling agent service fees and all other operating expenses and continuing offering costs of the Trust. Only management fees and incentive fees related to assets allocated through Trading Companies are included in expense on the Statement of Operations. The Series are all charged management and incentive fees on the assets allocated through the Galaxy Plus entities. Those fees are included in unrealized gain/(loss) on private investment companies on the Statements of Operations. As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, the Managing Owner or Trading Advisor(s) do not receive any management fees or incentive fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant Trading Advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. In each case, the embedded incentive fee was accrued based on the net new trading profits of the swap. The Series are also charged management and incentive fees on assets allocated to swaps. Such fees are embedded in the fair value of the swap and are included in net unrealized gain (loss) on swap contracts on the Statements of Operations. Embedded in the swap fair value is management and incentive fees being paid to Trading Advisors. As of June 30, 2019, the management fees and range of incentive fees by Trading Company were as follows:

 

Trading Company   Management Fee     Incentive Fee  
Frontier Trading Company XXXIV LLC           1 %     20-25 %
Frontier Trading Company XXXV LLC     1 %     20-25 %
Frontier Trading Company XXXVII LLC     1.5 %     25 %
Frontier Trading Company XXXIX LLC     1 %     15 %

 

For further discussion of fees paid by the Trust, see Item 1-Notes 2 and 6 “Significant Accounting Policies” and “Transactions with Affiliates”, respectively, in the Notes to Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires the Managing Owner to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the Trust’s financial statements. The Trust’s most significant accounting policy, described below, includes the valuation of its futures and forward contracts, options contracts, swap contracts, U.S. treasury securities and investments in unconsolidated Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities, the majority of these investments are exchange traded contracts valued upon exchange settlement prices or non-exchange traded contracts and obligations with valuation based on third-party quoted dealer values on the Interbank market.

 

The Trust’s other significant accounting policies are described in detail in Note 2 of the financial statements.

 

Investment Transactions and Valuation

 

The Managing Owner has evaluated the nature and type of transactions processed and estimates that it makes in preparing the Trust’s financial statements and related disclosures and has adopted Accounting Standard Codification ( “ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure, and implemented the framework for measuring fair value for assets and liabilities.

 

The Trust utilizes valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach per the requirement of ASC 820 for the valuation of futures (exchange traded) contracts, forward (non-exchange traded) contracts, option contracts, swap contracts and other non-cash assets. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The Trust applies the valuation techniques in a consistent manner for each asset or liability. The Trust records all investments at fair value in its Statements of Financial Condition, with changes in fair value reported as a component of net gain/(loss) on investments in the Statements of Operations.

 

Inputs to valuation techniques refer to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities. Inputs may be observable, meaning those that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the financial asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources, or unobservable, meaning those that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the financial asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances.

 

In addition, the Trust monitors counterparty credit risk and incorporates any identified risk factors when assigning input levels to underlying financial assets or liabilities. In that regard ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. A full disclosure of the fair value hierarchy is presented in Note 3 of the financial statements—Fair Value Measurements.

 

Selection and Replacement of Trading Advisors

 

The Managing Owner is responsible for the selection, retention and termination of the trading advisors and reference programs on behalf of each Series. The actual allocation among trading advisors for each Series will vary based upon the relative trading performance of the trading advisors and/or reference programs, and the Managing Owner may otherwise vary such percentages from time to time in its sole discretion. The Managing Owner will adjust its allocations and rebalance the portfolio of any Series among trading advisors to maintain weightings that it believes will most likely achieve capital growth within the investment guidelines of the relevant Series.

 

The Managing Owner utilizes certain quantitative and qualitative analysis in connection with the identification, evaluation and selection of the trading advisors. The Managing Owner’s proprietary and commercial analytical software programs and comprehensive trading advisor database provide the quantitative basis for the trading advisor selection, portfolio implementation process, and ongoing risk management, monitoring, and review.

 

The Managing Owner’s research department is continually refining ways to assimilate vast amounts of trading advisor performance data and due-diligence information. The proprietary and commercial database of alternative investment programs is always increasing. Research team members regularly interact with trading advisors throughout the due diligence and monitoring process. Only those programs that have met strict quantitative and qualitative review are considered as potential managers of client assets. Following is a summary of the quantitative and qualitative analysis:

 

Quantitative Analysis

 

The Managing Owner’s analytical software system applies a variety of statistical measures towards the evaluation of current and historical advisor performance data. Statistical measures include but are not limited to: (1) risk/reward analysis, (2) time window analysis, (3) risk analysis, (4) correlation analysis, (5) statistical overlays and (6) performance cycle analysis.

 

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Qualitative Analysis

 

Although quantitative analysis statistically identifies the top performing trading advisors, qualitative analysis plays a major role in the trading advisor evaluation and final selection process. Each trading advisor in the Managing Owner’s top decile universe initially undergoes extensive qualitative review by the Managing Owner’s research department, as well as continual monitoring. This analysis generally includes, but is not limited to: (1) preliminary information and due diligence, (2) background review, (3) extensive due diligence questionnaires and (4) written review and periodic updates. This information allows a thorough review of each trading advisor’s trading philosophy, trading systems and corporate structure.

 

Multi-Manager Approach

 

A multi-manager approach to portfolio management provides diversification of trading advisors and access to broader global markets. Multiple trading advisors can provide diversification across trading methodologies, trading time horizons, and markets traded. Additionally, multi-manager portfolios tend to provide a greater level of professional management with ongoing risk management and review. The result can be more consistent returns with lower volatility.

 

The trading system of each of the major commodity Trading Advisors and the means by which the Series access those Trading Advisors are as follows:

 

Major Commodity Trading Advisor   Trading System Style   Accessed Through
Aspect Capital Limited   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
BH-DG Systematic Trading LLP   Systematic   Swap
Crabel Capital Partners LLPC   Systematic   Swap
Doherty Advisors, LLC   Discretionary   Galaxy Plus
Emil Van Essen, LLC   Discretionary   Galaxy Plus
Fort, L.P.   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
H2O Asset Management   Systematic   Swap
J E Moody & Company   Systematic   Swap
Landmark Trading Company   Discretionary   Galaxy Plus
Quantitative Investment Management, LLC   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Quest Partners LLC   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Red Oak Commodity Advisors, Inc.   Discretionary   Galaxy Plus
Rosetta Capital Management, LLC   Discretionary   Galaxy Plus
Transtrend B.V.   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Welton Investment Partners LLC   Systematic   Galaxy Plus
Wimmer Horizon   Systematic   Trading Company

  

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As of June 30, 2019, the allocation of the assets of each applicable Series of the Trust between the Trading Advisors was as follows:

 

Allocation as of June 30, 2019 (expressed as a percentage of aggregate notional exposure to commodity trading programs)

 

Advisor  Frontier Diversified Fund   Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund   Frontier Masters Fund   Frontier Balanced Fund  

Frontier Select

Fund

  

Frontier Global

Fund

   Frontier Heritage Fund 
Aspect Capital Limited   18%          —    47%   16%       —    100%   46%
BH-DG Systematic Trading LLP                   23%       21%
Crabel Capital Partners, LLPC   6%           5%            
Doherty   6%             5%               
Emil Van Essen, LLC   9%   17%   20%   7%            
Fort, L.P.   17%           13%            
H2O Asset Management   13%           20%            
J E Moody & Company       17%                    
Landmark   2%   10%        2%               
Quantitative Investment Management, LLC   13%           12%            
Quest Partners LLC   4%           2%            
Red Oak Commodity Advisors, Inc.       2%                    
Rosetta Capital Management, LLC       37%                    
Transtrend B.V.           10%       24%        
Welton Investment Partners LLC   14%   17%   23%   13%   54%       33%
Wimmer Horizon               5%            

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The Trust will raise additional capital only through the sale of Units offered pursuant to the continuing offering, and does not intend to raise any capital through borrowing. Due to the nature of the Trust’s business, it makes no capital expenditures and has no capital assets that are not operating capital or assets.

 

The Managing Owner is responsible for the payment of all of the ordinary expenses associated with the organization of the Trust and the offering of each Series of Units, except for the initial and ongoing service fee, if any, and no Series will be required to reimburse these expenses. As a result, 100% of each Series’ offering proceeds are initially available for that Series’ trading activities.

 

A portion of each Trading Company’s assets is used as margin to maintain that Trading Company’s forward currency contract positions, and another portion is deposited in cash in segregated accounts in the name of each Trading Company maintained for each Trading Company at the clearing brokers in accordance with CFTC segregation requirements. At June 30, 2019, cash deposited at the clearing brokers was $4,146,414 for the Trust. The clearing brokers are expected to credit each Trading Company with approximately 80%-100% of the interest earned on its average net assets on deposit with the clearing brokers each month. As of June 30, 2019, with the Federal Funds target rate at 2.25% to 2.50 %, this amount is estimated to be 2.25%. In an attempt to increase interest income earned, the Managing Owner also may invest the non-margin assets in U.S. government securities which include any security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S., or by a person controlled by or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the government of the U.S. pursuant to authority granted by Congress or any certificate of deposit for any of the foregoing, including U.S. treasury bonds, U.S. treasury bills and issues of agencies of the U.S. government, and certain cash items such as money market funds and time deposits. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including assets held at clearing brokers, of up to 2.00% (annualized) is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2 only), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund, and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a only), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 20% of the total interest allocated to the Series was paid to the Managing Owner from January 1, 2017 through April 28, 2017; thereafter 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series. The amount reflected in the financial statements for the Trust and Series are disclosed on a net basis. Due to some classes not exceeding the 2% paid to the Managing Owner, amounts earned by those classes may be zero.

 

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Approximately 10% to 30% of the Trust’s assets are expected to be committed as required margin for futures contracts and forwards and options trading and held by the respective broker, although the amount committed may vary significantly. Such assets are maintained in the form of cash or U.S. treasury bills in segregated accounts with the futures broker pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act and regulations there under. Approximately 2% to 6% of the Trust’s assets are expected to be deposited with over-the-counter counterparties in order to initiate and maintain forward and swap contracts. Such assets are not held in segregation or otherwise regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act, unless such over-the-counter counterparty is registered as a futures commission merchant. These assets are held either in U.S. government securities or short-term time deposits with U.S.-regulated bank affiliates of the over-the-counter counterparties. The remaining approximately 64% to 88% of the Trust’s assets will normally be invested in cash equivalents and short-term investments, such as money market funds and time deposits and held by the clearing broker, the over-the-counter counterparties and by U.S. federally chartered banks. As of June 30, 2019, total cash and cash equivalents held at banking institutions were $37,348 for the Frontier Diversified Fund, $75,541 for the Frontier Masters Fund, $26,414 for the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, $12,895 for the Frontier Balanced Fund, $76,187 for the Frontier Select Fund, $38,052 for the Frontier Global Fund, and $50,178 for the Frontier Heritage Fund.

 

As a commodity pool, the Trust has large cash positions. Such cash positions are used to pay margin for the trading of futures, forwards and options, and also to pay redemptions. Generally, the Trust has not been forced to liquidate positions to fund redemptions. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Trust was able to pay all redemptions.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Risk

 

The term “off-balance sheet risk” refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear on the balance sheet, may result in future obligation or loss. Each Trading Company trades in futures, forward and swap contracts and is therefore a party to financial instruments with elements of off-balance sheet market and credit risk. In entering into these contracts there exists a market risk that such contracts may be significantly influenced by market conditions, such as interest rate volatility, resulting in such contracts being less valuable. If the markets should move against all of the futures interests positions held by a Trading Company in respect of any Series at the same time, and if the Trading Advisor(s) of such Trading Company are unable to offset such futures interests positions, such Trading Company could lose all of its assets and the holders of Units of such Series would realize a 100% loss. The Managing Owner seeks to minimize market risk through monitoring of open positions and the level of diversification of each Trading Advisor’s portfolio. It is anticipated that any Trading Advisor’s margin-to-equity ratio will typically not exceed approximately 35% although the actual ratio could be higher or lower from time to time.

 

In addition to market risk, trading futures, forward and swap contracts entails credit risk which is the risk that a counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to a Trading Company. The counterparty for futures contracts traded in the U.S. and on most foreign exchanges is the clearinghouse associated with such exchange. In general, clearinghouses are backed by the corporate members of the clearinghouse who are required to share any financial burden resulting from the non-performance by one of their members and, as such, should significantly reduce this credit risk. In cases where the clearinghouse is not backed by the clearing members, like some foreign exchanges, it is normally backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. Some non-U.S. exchanges, in contrast to U.S. exchanges are principals’ markets in which performance is the responsibility only of the individual counterparty with whom the Trading Company has entered into the transaction and not of the exchange or clearing corporation. In these kinds of markets, there is risk of bankruptcy or other failure or refusal to perform by the counterparty.

 

In the case of forward contracts and swaps traded on the interbank market, neither is traded on an exchange. The counterparty is generally a single bank or other financial institution, rather than a group of financial institutions; thus, there may be a greater counterparty credit risk. The Managing Owner expects the Trading Advisors to trade only with those counterparties which it believes to be creditworthy. All positions of each Trading Company are valued each day on a mark-to-market basis. There can be no assurance that any clearing member, clearinghouse or other counterparty will be able to meet its obligations to any Trading Company.

 

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The Trust has entered into agreements, which provide for the indemnification of futures clearing brokers, currency trading companies, and commodity trading advisers, among others, against losses, costs, claims and liabilities arising from the performance of their individual obligations under such agreements, except for gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. The Trust has had no prior claims or payments pursuant to these agreements. The Trust’s individual maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Trust that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience the Trust expects the risk of loss to be remote.

 

Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

 

The business of the Trust is the speculative trading of commodity interests. The majority of the Trust’s futures and forward positions, which may be categorized as “purchase obligations” under Item 303 of Regulation S-K, are short-term. That is, they are held for less than one year. Because the Trust does not enter into other long-term debt obligations, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or other long-term liabilities that would otherwise be reflected on the Trust’s Statement of Financial Condition, a table of contractual obligations has not been presented.

 

Results of Operations

 

Series Returns and Other Information

 

The returns for each Series and Class of Units for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and related information, are discussed below. The activities of the Trust on a consolidated basis are explained through the activity of the underlying Series. Please refer to the discussion of the Series activities in relation to the Trust on a consolidated basis.

 

Each Series had exposure to commodity interest positions within one or more sectors during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The performance of each Series was impacted over the course of the periods by, among other things, the relative performance of the relevant sector or sectors and the commodities within those sectors, the changing allocations among, and the specific positions taken by the Series’ Trading Advisors in, the relevant sector(s) and commodities, and the timing of entries and exits. For certain of the Series, a sector attribution chart has been included at the end of the relevant discussion. Each chart depicts the performance of the relevant Series’ positions within each of the relevant sectors (determined by the Managing Owner using monthly gross return and NAV figures, with various adjustments to net out a proportional allocation of the fees and expenses chargeable to the Series) during the periods presented.

  

As of the date of this report, for a Series that has invested in a swap, a trading advisor does not receive any management fees directly from the Series for such swap, and instead the relevant trading advisor receives compensation via the fees embedded in the swap. As of June 30, 2019, the effective management fee embedded in (i) swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 0.80% per annum, (ii) swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 0.62% per annum, (iii) swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.92% per annum, (iv) swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 2.18% per annum, and (v) swaps owned by Frontier Select Fund was 2.04% per annum and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap. 

 

Three months ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018.

 

Frontier Diversified Fund

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund— Class 1 NAV gained 1.59% and gained 1.66%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 2.02% and gained 2.10%, respectively for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 3 NAV gained 2.10%  and gained 2.16%, respectively for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

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For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $136,258, net investment gain of $417,973, and total expenses of $137,392 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $281,715. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $161,110, net investment gain of $537,649, and total expenses of $171,531 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $376,539.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 –Frontier Diversified Fund.”

 

Frontier Masters Fund

 

The Frontier Masters Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 0.98% and gained 1.05% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 0.56% and gained 1.49% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 0.52% and gained 1.56% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $61,592, net investment gain of $75,795, and total expenses of $63,058, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $14,203. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net gain on investments of $202,533, net investment loss of $139,474, and total expenses of $147,789, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $63,059.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018— Frontier Masters Fund.”

 

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 5.18% and lost 5.27%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 3 NAV gained 5.18% and lost 5.27% respectively for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 1a NAV gained 5.42% and lost 9.09% respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 2a NAV gained 5.56% and lost 8.69% respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a NAV gained 5.63% and lost 8.63%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $14,080, net investment gain of $123,196, and total expenses of $14,517, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $109,116. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $204,528, net investment loss of $18,502, and total expenses of $21,926, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $223,030. 

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 – Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund.”

 

Frontier Balanced Fund

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 1.28% and gained 0.22%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 2.03% and gained 0.98%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 2a NAV gained 2.09% and gained 1.02%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 3a NAV gained 2.04% and gained 1.02%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 2.03% and gained 0.97% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

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For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net loss on investments of $395,382, net investment gain of $791,404, and total expenses of $408,884, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $396,022. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net gain on investments of $739,375 net investment loss of $598,409, and total expenses of $606,837, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $140,996. 

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 – Frontier Balanced Fund.”

 

Frontier Select Fund

 

The Frontier Select Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 7.45% and lost 2.25%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 8.31% and lost 1.52% respectively for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 1AP NAV gained 7.34% and lost 1.51%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $49,037, net investment gain of $316,822 and total expenses of $49,037, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $267,785. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $68,312, net investment loss of $61,382 and total expenses of $61,382, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $129,694.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 – Frontier Select Fund.”

 

Frontier Global Fund (formerly, Frontier Winton Fund)

 

The Frontier Global Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 5.36% and gained 2.81%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 6.14% and gained 3.36%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund —Class 1AP NAV gained 6.15% and gained 3.45%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net loss on investments of $134,908, net investment gain of $468,112, and total expenses of $134,908, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $333,204. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net gain on investments of $621,227, net investment loss of $293,292, and total expenses of $293,292, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $327,935.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 – Frontier Global Fund.”

 

Frontier Heritage Fund

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 9.95% and lost 1.74%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 10.75% and lost 1.01%, respectively for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund —Class 1AP NAV gained 12.36% and lost 1.01%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $51,466, net investment gain of $435,107, and total expenses of $51,466, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $319,922, after non-controlling interests of $63,719. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $26,200, net investment loss of $102,050, and total expenses of $102,050, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $86,681, after non-controlling interests of $41,569.

 

Please see additional discussion under “Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 – Frontier Heritage Fund.”

 

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Six months ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018.

 

Frontier Diversified Fund

 

2019

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund— Class 1 NAV gained 0.19% and lost 6.97%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 1.05% and lost 6.15%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 3 NAV gained 1.19% and lost 6.04%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $276,391, net investment gain of $354,161, and total expenses of $282,393 resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $77,770. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $102.25 at December 31, 2018 to $102.44 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $120.84 at December 31, 2018 to $122.11 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3 increased from $112.62 at December 31, 2018 to $113.96 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $37,232, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,800,104, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,121,206, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $1,492,841 for Class 1, $5,885,291 for Class 2 and $5,897,606 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $1,703,556 for Class 1, $7,672,754 for Class 2 and $6,780,200 for Class 3.

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund invests in one or more swaps.  To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors.  Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap.  In addition to the management fee and incentive fee for the commodity trading advisor(s) (the “CTA Fees”), each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap.  The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty.  In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps range from 20% to 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management fees and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled.  The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of June 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

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Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Diversified Fund, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Diversified Fund was higher than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner.  The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Diversified Fund was 0.80%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 0.75%. For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Diversified Fund was $16,804.

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

 

 

One sector which traded in the Frontier Diversified Fund was profitable in Q2 2019 and one was profitable YTD. Interest Rates were profitable for Q2 2019 while Metals, Currencies, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies, Energies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

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In terms of major CTA performance Aspect, H20, Quest, Welton and Fort finished positive for the quarter. Crabel, Emil Van Essen and QIM were negative for the quarter.

 

Aspect, H20, Quest, Welton and Fort finished positive YTD. Crabel, Emil Van Essen, QIM, Quantmetrics and Winton were negative YTD.

 

2018

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund— Class 1 NAV lost 6.97% and lost 4.04%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 6.15% and lost 3.25%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Diversified Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 6.04% and lost 3.12%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Diversified Fund recorded net loss on investments of $977,245 net investment loss of $348,202, and total expenses of $366,240 resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,325,447. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $116.41 at December 31, 2017 to $108.30 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $135.19 at December 31, 2017 to $126.87 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 3 decreased from $125.68 at December 31, 2017 to $118.09 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $213,456, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $776,442, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $842,320, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $1,951,083 for Class 1, $8,276,500 for Class 2 and $8,081,439 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $2,332,222 for Class 1, $9,632,746 for Class 2 and $9,501,719 for Class 3.

 

The Frontier Diversified Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals, and Commodities sectors.

  

 

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Three sectors traded in the Frontier Diversified Fund were profitable in Q2 2018 and three were profitable YTD. Currencies, Energies and Interest Rates were profitable for Q2 2018 while Metals, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Currencies, Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Crabel, Emil Van Essen, Fort, Quantitative Investment Management and Winton finished positive for the quarter. Aspect, H20, Quantmetrics, Quest Partners and Welton were negative for the quarter.

 

Crabel, Emil Van Essen and H2O were positive YTD while Aspect, Fort, Quantitative Investment Management, Quantmetrics, Welton and Winton were negative YTD.

 

Frontier Masters Fund

 

2019

 

The Frontier Masters Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 4.14% and lost 13.43% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 3.32% and lost 12.67% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 3.22% and lost 12.56% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $141,299, net investment loss of $23,069, and total expenses of $143,455, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $164,368.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $91.10 at December 31, 2018 to $87.33 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $107.68 at December 31, 2018 to $104.10 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $100.77 at December 31, 2018 to $97.53 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,343,509, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $114,053, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $408,756, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $123,131 for Class 1, $1,130,931 for Class 2 and $2,287,385 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $1,484,478 for Class 1, $1,292,975 for Class 2 and $2,794,680 for Class 3.

 

95

 

 

The Frontier Masters Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

  

 

Two of the six sectors which traded in the Frontier Masters Fund were profitable in Q2 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Interest Rates and Energies were profitable for Q2 2019 while Agriculturals, Metals, Currencies, and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Interest Rates and Energies were profitable YTD while Agriculturals, Metals, Currencies, and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Aspect, Transtrend and Welton finished positive for the quarter. Emil Van Essen was negative for the quarter. Aspect, Transtrend and Welton were positive YTD. Emil Van Essen and Winton were negative YTD.

 

96

 

 

2018

  

The Frontier Masters Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 13.43% and lost 9.23%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 12.67%, and lost 8.45%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Masters Fund—Class 3 NAV lost 12.56% and lost 8.33%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Masters Fund recorded net loss on investments of $1,260,314, net investment loss of $312,421, and total expenses of $329,155, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,572,735. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $114.74 at December 31, 2017 to $99.33 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $133.27 at December 31, 2017 to $116.38 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $124.40 at December 31, 2017 to $108.77 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $323,341, respectively. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,417,097, respectively. Total Class 3 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $1,335,657, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $2,205,345 for Class 1, $1,620,107 for Class 2 and $3,563,115 for Class 3. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $2,913,542 for Class 1, $3,538,600 for Class 2 and $5,504,998 for Class 3.

 

The Frontier Masters Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

 

 

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Masters Fund were profitable in Q2 2018 and one of the six was profitable YTD. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable for Q2 2018 while Metals, Currencies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Energies were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies, Agriculturals, Interest Rates and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Emil Van Essen, Transtrend and Winton finished positive for the quarter. Welton was negative for the quarter

 

Emil Van Essen was positive YTD while Transtrend, Welton and Winton were negative YTD.

97

 

 

Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund

 

2019

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 0.30% and lost 8.02%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 3 NAV lost 0.31% and lost 8.02% respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 1a NAV lost 6.94% and lost 12.99% respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2a NAV lost 6.43% and lost 12.24% respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a NAV lost 6.27% and lost 8.02%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $27,396, net investment loss of $28,889, and total expenses of $28,531, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $56,285.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $98.82 at December 31, 2018 to $98.52 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $103.66 at December 31, 2018 to $103.34 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1a, decreased from $56.80 at December 31, 2018 to $52.86 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, decreased from $66.52 at December 31, 2018 to $62.24 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, decreased from $69.83 at December 31, 2018 to $65.45 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 2 redemptions for the period were $20,093. Total Class 3 redemptions for the period were $135,785. Total Class 1a redemptions were $2,315. Class 2a redemptions for the period were $58,416. Class 3a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $54,845 respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $62,659 for Class 2, $1,646,165 for Class 3, $16,174 for Class 1a, $110,846 for Class 2a and $281,624 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $84,096 for Class 2, $1,791,417 for Class 3, $20,051 for Class 1a, $186,469 for Class 2a and $363,174 for Class 3a.

  

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund invests in one or more swaps.  To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors.  Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap.  In addition to the management fee and incentive fee for the commodity trading advisor(s) (the “CTA Fees”), each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap.  The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty.  In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.50% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled.  The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of June 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.50% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

  

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner.  The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was 1.92%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.00%. For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was $3,594.

 

98

 

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Base Metals, Energies, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Financials and Softs sectors, although the majority of the exposure will typically be in the Energies, Metals and Softs sectors.

 

 

 

99

 

 

 

Six of the seven sectors traded in the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund were profitable in Q2 2019 and four of the seven were profitable YTD. Energies, Base Metals, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Softs and Financials finished positive for the quarter. Precious Metals finished negative for the quarter. Energies, Grains, Meats and Financials were positive YTD. Base Metals, Precious Metals and Softs were negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Red Oak and Welton finished positive for the quarter. Emil Van Essen, JE Moody and Rosetta were negative for the quarter.

 

Red Oak and Welton were positive YTD while Emil Van Essen, JE Moody and Rosetta were negative YTD.

 

100

 

 

2018

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund—Class 2 NAV lost 8.02% and lost 10.20%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 3 NAV lost 8.02% and lost 6.68% respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 1a NAV lost 12.99% and lost 9.86% respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund —Class 2a NAV lost 12.24% and lost 9.73% respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund Class 3a NAV lost 8.02% and lost 7.20%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund recorded net loss on investments of $307,921, net investment loss of $39,817, and total expenses of $47,276, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $347,738.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $115.81 at December 31, 2017 to $106.52 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 3, decreased from $121.50 at December 31, 2017 to $111.75 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 1a, decreased from $81.35 at December 31, 2017 to $70.78 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, decreased from $93.59 at December 31, 2017 to $82.13 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, decreased from $97.99 at December 31, 2017 to $86.11 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 2 redemptions for the period were $93,781. Total Class 3 redemptions for the period were $174,654. Total Class 1a redemptions were $69,082. Class 2a redemptions for the period were $90,372. Class 3a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $174,654 respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $152,086 for Class 2, $2,102,829 for Class 3, $35,941 for Class 1a, $307,608 for Class 2a and $697,725 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $258,900 for Class 2, $2,472,994 for Class 3, $107,619 for Class 1a, $442,644 for Class 2a and $971,895 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Base Metals, Energies, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Financials, and Softs sectors, although the majority of the exposure will typically be in the Energies, Metals and Softs sectors.

 

 

101

 

 

 

One of the seven sectors traded in the Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund was profitable in Q2 2018 and one of the seven was profitable YTD. Energies were profitable for Q2 2018 while Base Metals, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals, Softs and Financials finished negative for the quarter. Energies were profitable YTD while Base Metals, Grains, Meats, Precious Metals Softs and financials finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Emil Van Essen finished positive for the quarter. JE Moody, Red Oak, Rosetta and Welton were negative for the quarter

 

Emil Van Essen and Rosetta were positive YTD while JE Moody, Red Oak and Welton were negative YTD.

 

102

 

 

Frontier Balanced Fund

 

2019

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 1.08% and lost 7.91%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 0.40 % and lost 6.50%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2a NAV gained 0.43% and lost 6.51%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 3a NAV gained 0.42% and lost 6.51%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 1AP NAV gained 0.40% and lost 6.56% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net loss on investments of $843,761 net investment gain of $520,645, and total expenses of $868,623, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $323,116.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $117.63 at December 31, 2018 to $116.36 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $134.16 at December 31, 2018 to $134.69 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $180.94 at December 31, 2018 to $181.66 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, increased from $156.81 at December 31, 2018 to $157.49 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, increased from $156.26 at December 31, 2018 to $156.91 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $5,764,427 respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions for the period were $0. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $445,310, respectively. Total Class 2a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $114,068, respectively. Total Class 3a redemptions for the period were $16,647. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $19,585,430 for Class 1, $356,533 for Class 1AP, $4,108,325 for Class 2, $225,838 for Class 2a, and $880,403 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $25,703,922 for Class 1, $355,112 for Class 1AP, $4,528,375 for Class 2, $339,173 for Class 2a and $893,515 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund invests in one or more swaps.  To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors.  Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap.  In addition to the management fee and incentive fee for the commodity trading advisor(s) (the “CTA Fees”), each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap.  The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty.  In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps ranges from 20% to 25% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled.  The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of June 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap

  

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Balanced Fund, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Balanced Fund was higher than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner.  The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid.  For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Balanced Fund was 0.62%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 0.50%. For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Balanced Fund was $40,357.

 

103

 

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

 

 

 

104

 

 

 

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Balanced Fund were profitable in Q2 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable for Q2 2019 while Metals, Agriculturals, Currencies and Stock Indices finished negative for the quarter. Metals, Energies and Interest Rates were positive YTD while Agriculturals, Currencies and Stock Indices were negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Aspect Capital, Fort LP (GC), H2O AM, Welton and Wimmer Horizon finished positive for the quarter. Crabel, Emil Van Essen and Quantitative Investment Management were negative for the quarter.

 

Aspect Capital, Fort LP (GC), H2O AM, Welton and Wimmer Horizon were positive YTD while Crabel, Emil Van Essen, Quantmetrics, Winton and Quantitative Investment Management were negative YTD.

 

105

 

 

2018

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 7.91% and lost 3.68%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 6.50% and lost 2.24%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 2a NAV lost 6.51% and lost 1.94%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 3a NAV lost 6.51% and 1.94%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Balanced Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 6.56% and lost 2.25% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses. 

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Balanced Fund recorded net loss on investments of $2,167,882 net investment loss of $1,396,357, and total expenses of $1,421,301, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $3,564,239. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $135.96 at December 31, 2017 to $125.21 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $150.56 at December 31, 2017 to $140.68 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $202.90 at December 31, 2017 to $189.72 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2a, decreased from $175.77 at December 31, 2017 to $164.33 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 3a, decreased from $175.18 at December 31, 2017 to $163.77 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $4,685,378 respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions for the period were $4,344. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $800,571, respectively. Total Class 2a subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $75,968, respectively. Total Class 3a redemptions for the period were $262,250. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $31,143,397 for Class 1, $557,664 for Class 1AP, $5,726,766 for Class 2, $381,727 for Class 2a, and $1,029,875 for Class 3a. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $38,744,003 for Class 1, $601,247 for Class 1AP, $6,977,027 for Class 2, $529,931 for Class 2a and $1,379,971 for Class 3a.

 

The Frontier Balanced Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

 

 

106

 

 

 

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Balanced Fund were profitable in Q2 2018 and three of the six were profitable YTD. Currencies and Energies were profitable for Q2 2018 while Currencies, Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD. Metals, Agriculturals Interest Rates and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter, while Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Crabel, Emil Van Essen, Fort, Quantitative Investment Management and Winton finished positive for the quarter. Aspect, Beach Horizon, H20, Quantmetrics and Welton were negative for the quarter.

 

Crabel, Emil Van Essen and H20 were positive YTD while Aspect, Beach Horizon, Fort, Quantitative Investment Management, Quantmetrics, Welton and Winton were negative YTD.

 

107

 

 

Frontier Select Fund

 

2019

 

The Frontier Select Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 6.47% and lost 17.19%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 2 NAV gained 8.12% and lost 15.95% respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 7.10% and lost 15.95%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $97,174, net investment gain of $323,893 and total expenses of $97,174, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $226,719.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $71.41 at December 31, 2018 to $76.03 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $82.48 at December 31, 2018 to $88.34 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $108.18 at December 31, 2018 to $116.96 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $353,695 respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions for the period were $0. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $44,191, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $3,566,250 for Class 1, $12,191 for Class 1AP and $107,254 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $3,709,130 for Class 1, $1,897 for Class 1AP and $145,835 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Select Fund invests in one or more swaps.  To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors.  Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap.  In addition to the management fee and incentive fee for the commodity trading advisor(s) (the “CTA Fees”), each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap.  The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty.  In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 15% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled.  The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fee that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of June 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Select Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Select Fund, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Select Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner.  The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid.  For the period ended June 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Select Fund was 2.04%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.50%. For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Select Fund was $4,701.

 

108

 

 

The Frontier Select Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

 

Three of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Select Fund were profitable in Q2 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals, Interest Rates and Stock Indices were positive while Currencies, Energies and Agriculturals were negative for the quarter. Agriculturals and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies, Stock Indices and Energies finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Brevan Howard, Transtrend and Welton finished positive for the quarter and no CTA’s finished negative for the quarter. Brevan Howard and Welton finished positive YTD while Transtrend finished negative YTD.

 

109

 

 

2018

 

The Frontier Select Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 17.19% and lost 16.23%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 15.95% and lost 15.00% respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Select Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 15.95% and 15.09%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. 

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Select Fund recorded net loss on investments of $963,157, net investment loss of $138,665, and total expenses of $138,665, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,101,822. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $90.27 at December 31, 2017 to $74.75 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $100.02 at December 31, 2017 to $84.05 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $132.73 at December 31, 2017 to $111.56 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $651,487 respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions for the period were $3,144. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $338,374, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $4,305,014 for Class 1, $17,614 for Class 1AP and $384,473 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $5,912,980 for Class 1, $23,354 for Class 1AP and $865,594 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Select Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals, Hybrids and Commodities sectors.

  

  

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Select Fund were profitable in Q2 2018 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Energies and Interest Rates were positive while Metals, Currencies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies Agriculturals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Transtrend finished positive for the quarter and Brevan Howard finished negative. There was no positive CTA performance in the Frontier Select Fund YTD.

 

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Frontier Global Fund (formerly, Frontier Winton Fund)

 

2019

 

The Frontier Global Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 9.17% and lost 6.55%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 10.85% and lost 6.02%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 10.81% and lost 5.24%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net loss on investments of $258,894, net investment gain of $832,737, and total expenses of $258,894, resulting in a net increase in Owners’ capital from operations of $573,843.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $131.57 at December 31, 2018 to $143.64 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $149.92 at December 31, 2018 to $166.13 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $187.17 at December 31, 2018 to $207.48 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $2,700,785, respectively. There were no subscriptions or redemptions for Class 1AP. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $64,892, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $5,583,992 for Class 1, $35,551 for Class 1AP, and $396,914 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $7,755,444 for Class 1, $32,082 for Class 1AP and $420,765 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Global Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

 

 

Two of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Global Fund were profitable in Q2 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Metals and Interest Rates were positive while Agriculturals, Currencies, Stock Indices and Energies were negative for the quarter. Interest Rates were positive YTD while Agriculturals, Currencies, Stock Indices, Metals and Energies were negative YTD.

 

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2018

 

The Frontier Global Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 6.55% and lost 6.74%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 6.02% and lost 5.37%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Global Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 5.24% and lost 5.36%, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Global Fund recorded net loss on investments of $405,326, net investment loss of $600,787, and total expenses of $600,787, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $1,006,113. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $159.08 at December 31, 2017 to $148.66 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $176.44 at December 31, 2017 to $167.19 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $216.50 at December 31, 2017 to $203.47 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $925,257, respectively. There were no subscriptions or redemptions for Class 1AP. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $872,124, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $10,409,429 for Class 1, $35,695 for Class 1AP, and $758,361 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $13,102,614 for Class 1, $37,761 for Class 1AP and $1,709,275 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Global Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

  

 

 

Three of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Global Fund were profitable in Q2 2018. Metals, Energies and Interest Rates were positive while Currencies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Energies and Interest Rates were positive YTD while Metals, Currencies, Agriculturals and Stock Indices were negative YTD.

 

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Frontier Heritage Fund

 

2019

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1 NAV gained 9.79% and lost 15.27%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 2 NAV gained 11.43% and lost 14.00%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1AP NAV gained 13.03% and lost 14.02%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $107,933, net investment gain of $463,182, and total expenses of $107,933, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $315,866, after non-controlling interests of $39,383.

 

The NAV per Unit, Class 1, increased from $99.83 at December 31, 2018 to $109.60 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, increased from $111.78 at December 31, 2018 to $126.34 as of June 30, 2019. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, increased from $152.53 at December 31, 2018 to $169.96 as of June 30, 2019. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $736,567, respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions were $0. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $64,741, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2019 was $2,839,339 for Class 1, $9,223 for Class 1AP and $619,680 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2018 was $3,331,725 for Class 1, $1,006 for Class 1AP and $620,953 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund invests in one or more swaps.  To the extent that the Series invests in a swap, the swap references an index, consisting of the performance realized on the trading program of one or more commodity trading advisors.  Such performance is net of management fees and incentive fees paid to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s), brokerage fees and certain other related fees and charges, and therefore these fees are said to be embedded.

 

The aggregate fees embedded in a swap are provided for in the index description for the relevant swap.  In addition to the management fee and incentive fee for the commodity trading advisor(s) (the “CTA Fees”), each index provides for the deduction of a management fee to the counterparty for the swap.  The counterparty management fee is determined based on the management fee spread set forth in the index description, while the CTA Fees are based on a percentage of the assets managed by each trading advisor and new trading profits, respectively, and are set forth in the reports delivered to the Series by the counterparty.  In addition to the counterparty management fee and the CTA Fees, the underlying transactions executed by the commodity trading advisors may be subject to the deduction of certain prime brokerage, exchange and other related fees and charges, each of which are reflected in the transaction values, and consequently the value of the index.

 

The current management fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 1.00% per annum of notional assets. The current incentive fees payable to the underlying commodity trading advisor(s) comprising the index referenced in the swaps is 15% of new net trading profits on a monthly or quarterly basis. To the extent that there are embedded management and incentive fees incurred in a swap investment, the Managing Owner waives any management and incentive fees to which it is otherwise entitled.  The management and incentive fees embedded in a swap may be higher or lower than the management and incentive fees that would otherwise be charged to a Series by the Managing Owner.

 

As of June 30, 2019, the management fee embedded in swaps owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was 1.00% per annum, and the managing owner has waived the entire management fee due to it from those Series in respect of such Series’ investment in swaps. In each case, the embedded management fee is accrued on the relevant notional amount of the swap.

 

Based on an analysis of the management fees charged to Frontier Heritage Fund, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Heritage Fund was lower than the management fee rate otherwise payable to the Managing Owner.  The effective management fee rate for the Series was calculated for the period covered by the Form 10-Q by dividing the aggregate management fees paid by such Series (whether directly to the Managing Owner, or as an embedded management fee paid to a third-party commodity trading advisor) by the aggregate assets on which such management fees were paid.  For the period ended June 30, 2019, the effective management fee rate of Frontier Heritage Fund was 2.18%, compared to a management fee payable to the Managing Owner of 2.50%. For the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the management and incentive fees embedded in gains (losses) from trading companies owned by Frontier Heritage Fund was $4,397. 

 

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The Frontier Heritage Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Agriculturals sectors.

 

 

Four of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Heritage Fund were profitable in Q2 2019 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Agriculturals, Interest Rates, Metals and Currencies were positive while Energies and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Agriculturals and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Energies, Currencies, Metals and Stock Indices finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Aspect Capital and Welton were positive for Q2 while Brevan Howard was negative for the quarter. Aspect Capital and Welton were positive YTD while Brevan Howard and Winton were negative YTD.

 

114

 

 

2018

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund—Class 1 NAV lost 15.27% and lost 8.86%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund —Class 2 NAV lost 14.00% and lost 7.51%, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net of fees and expenses; the Frontier Heritage Fund —Class 1AP NAV lost 14.02% and lost 7.51%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. 

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Frontier Heritage Fund recorded net loss on investments of $718,522, net investment loss income $218,825, and total expenses of $218,825, resulting in a net decrease in Owners’ capital from operations of $893,452, after non-controlling interests of $43,895. The NAV per Unit, Class 1, decreased from $121.19 at December 31, 2017 to $102.68 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 1AP, decreased from $134.28 at December 31, 2017 to $115.46 as of June 30, 2018. The NAV per Unit, Class 2, decreased from $179.70 at December 31, 2017 to $154.54 as of June 30, 2018. Total Class 1 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $698,774, respectively. Total Class 1AP redemptions were $4,081. Total Class 2 subscriptions and redemptions for the period were $0 and $7,000, respectively. Ending capital at June 30, 2018 was $3,951,288 for Class 1, $1,019 for Class 1AP and $647,010 for Class 2. Ending capital at December 31, 2017 was $5,435,871 for Class 1, $6,083 for Class 1AP and $760,672 for Class 2.

 

The Frontier Heritage Fund may have both long and short exposure to the Interest Rates, Currencies, Stock Indices, Energies, Metals and Commodities sectors.

 

 

Three of the six sectors traded in the Frontier Heritage Fund were profitable in Q2 2018 and two of the six were profitable YTD. Energies, Agriculturals and Interest Rates were positive while Metals, Currencies and Stock Indices were negative for the quarter. Energies and Interest Rates were profitable YTD while Metals, Currencies, Agriculturals and Interest Rates finished negative YTD.

 

In terms of major CTA performance, Transtrend was positive for Q2 while both Brevan Howard and Winton were negative for the quarter and YTD.

 

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ITEM  3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

The Trust is a speculative commodity pool. The market sensitive instruments which are held by the Trading Companies or Galaxy Plus entities in which the Series are invested are acquired for speculative trading purposes and all or a substantial amount of the Series’ assets are subject to the risk of trading loss. Unlike an operating company, the risk of market sensitive instruments is integral, not incidental, to the Series’ main line of business.

 

Market movements result in frequent changes in the fair market value of each Trading Company’s open positions and, consequently, in each Series of the Trust’s earnings and cash flow. The Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ and consequently the Series’ market risk is influenced by a wide variety of factors, including the level and volatility of exchange rates, interest rates, equity price levels, the market value of financial instruments and contracts, the diversification effects among the open positions and the liquidity of the markets in which trades are made.

 

Each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity rapidly acquires and liquidates both long and short positions in a wide range of different markets. Consequently, it is not possible to predict how a particular future market scenario will affect performance, and the past performance for any Series is not necessarily indicative of the future results of such Series.

 

Additional risk of trading loss from investment in an unaffiliated Trading Company may result from the Managing Owner’s inability to directly control or stop trading in the event of exercise of certain withdrawal provisions in the investment agreement.

 

The Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ and consequently the Series’ primary market risk exposures as well as the strategies used and to be used by the Trading Advisors for managing such exposures are subject to numerous uncertainties, contingencies and risks, any one of which could cause the actual results of the Trust’s and the Managing Owner’s risk controls to differ materially from the objectives of such strategies. Government interventions, defaults and expropriations, illiquid markets, the emergence of dominant fundamental factors, political upheavals, changes in historical price relationships, an influx of new market participants, increased regulation and many other factors could result in material losses as well as in material changes to the risk exposures and the risk management strategies of the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities and consequently the Trust. There can be no assurance that the Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ current market exposure and/or risk management strategies will not change materially or that any such strategies will be effective in either the short- or long-term. Investors must be prepared to lose all or substantially all of their investment in a Series.

 

Quantitative Market Risk

 

Trading Risk

 

The Series’ approximate risk exposure in the various market sectors traded by its trading advisors is quantified below in terms of value at risk. Due to the Series’ mark-to-market accounting, any loss in the fair value of the Series’ (through the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities) open positions is directly reflected in the Series’ earnings, realized or unrealized gain/loss.

 

Exchange maintenance margin requirements have been used by the Trust as the measure of its value at risk. Maintenance margin requirements are set by exchanges to equal or exceed the maximum losses reasonably expected to be incurred in the fair value of any given contract in 95% to 99% of any one-day interval. The maintenance margin levels are established by brokers, dealers and exchanges using historical price studies as well as an assessment of current market volatility and economic fundamentals to provide a probabilistic estimate of the maximum expected near-term one-day price fluctuation. Maintenance margin has been used rather than the more generally available initial margin, because initial margin includes a credit risk component that is not relevant to value at risk.

 

116

 

 

In the case of market sensitive instruments that are not exchange-traded, including Currencies and some energy products and Metals, the margin requirements for the equivalent futures positions have been used as value at risk. In those cases in which a futures-equivalent margin is not available, dealers’ margins have been used.

 

In the case of contracts denominated in foreign Currencies, the value at risk figures include foreign currency margin amounts converted into U.S. dollars with an incremental adjustment to reflect the exchange rate risk inherent to the Series, which is valued in U.S. dollars, in expressing value at risk in a functional currency other than U.S. dollars. In quantifying each Series’ value at risk, 100% positive correlation in the different positions held in each market risk category has been assumed. Consequently, the margin requirements applicable to the open contracts have simply been aggregated to determine each trading category’s aggregate value at risk. The diversification effects resulting from the fact that the Series’ positions held through the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities are rarely, if ever, 100% positively correlated have not been reflected.

 

Value at Risk by Market Sectors 

 

The following tables present the trading value at risk associated with each Series’ exposure to open positions (as held by the Trading Companies) by market sector as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. All open position trading risk exposures of the Series have been included in calculating the figures set forth below.

 

Frontier Diversified Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
MARKET SECTOR  VALUE AT RISK   % OF TOTAL
CAPITALIZATION
   VALUE AT RISK   % OF TOTAL CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $195    0.00%  $5,930,458    36.71%
Equities   215,078    1.62%   15,386    0.10%
Fixed Income   224,637    1.69%   15,372    0.10%
FX   132,920    1.00%   42,011    0.26%
Commodities   9,088    0.07%   76,321    0.47%
Total:  $581,918    4.38%  $6,079,547    37.63%

 

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Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $-    0.00%  $479,102    19.59%
Equities   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Fixed Income   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
FX   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Commodities   54,628    2.58%   -    0.00%
Total:  $54,628    2.58%  $479,102    19.59%

 

Frontier Masters Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $-    0.00%  $8,114    0.15%
Equities   -    0.00%   12,429    0.22%
Fixed Income   -    0.00%   12,417    0.22%
FX   -    0.00%   33,937    0.61%
Commodities   -    0.00%   61,654    1.11%
Total:  $     -    0.00%  $128,550    2.31%

 

Frontier Balanced Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $46,311    0.18%  $10,973,969    34.49%
Equities   621,445    2.47%   55,910    0.18%
Fixed Income   654,407    2.60%   193,676    0.61%
FX   451,980    1.80%   269,269    0.85%
Commodities   49,304    0.20%   262,465    0.82%
Total:  $1,823,447    7.25%  $11,755,289    36.94%

 

Frontier Select Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%
Equities   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Fixed Income   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
FX   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Commodities   -    0.00%   -    0.00%
Total:  $-    0.00%  $-    0.00%

 

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Frontier Global Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $-    0.00%  $41,507    0.51%
Equities   -    0.00%   63,583    0.77%
Fixed Income   -    0.00%   63,524    0.77%
FX   -    0.00%   173,614    2.12%
Commodities   -    0.00%   315,405    3.84%
Total:  $    -    0.00%  $657,634    8.01%

 

Frontier Heritage Fund:

 

   June 30, 2019   December 31, 2018 
   VALUE   % OF TOTAL   VALUE   % OF TOTAL 
MARKET SECTOR  AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION   AT RISK   CAPITALIZATION 
                 
Interest Rates  $43,477    1.25%  $2,962,601    66.35%
Equities   72,905    2.10%   10,964    0.25%
Fixed Income   96,830    2.79%   10,954    0.25%
FX   49,896    1.44%   29,937    0.67%
Commodities   47,032    1.36%   54,386    1.22%
Total:  $310,141    8.94%  $3,068,842    68.72%

 

Material Limitations on Value at Risk as an Assessment of Market Risk

 

The face value of the market sector instruments held on behalf of the Series is typically many times the applicable maintenance margin requirement, which generally ranges between approximately 1% and 10% of contract face value, as well as many times the capitalization of the Series. The magnitude of each Series’ open positions creates a risk of ruin not typically found in most other investment vehicles. Because of the size of their positions, certain market conditions, although unusual, but historically recurring from time to time, could cause a Series to incur severe losses over a short period of time. The value at risk table above, as well as the past performance of the Series, gives no indication of this risk of severe losses.

 

Non-Trading Risk

 

The Series have non-trading market risk on their foreign cash balances not needed for margin. However, these balances, as well as the market risk they represent, are immaterial. The Series also have non-trading market risk as a result of investing a portion of their available assets in U.S. government securities which include any security issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S., or by a person controlled by or supervised by and acting as an instrumentality of the government of the U.S. pursuant to authority granted by Congress of the U.S. or any certificate of deposit for any of the foregoing, including U.S. treasury bonds, U.S. treasury bills and issues of agencies of the U.S. government and certain cash items such as money market funds, certificates of deposit (under three months) and time deposits. The market risk represented by these investments is also immaterial.

 

Qualitative Market Risk

 

The following are the primary trading risk exposures of the Series of the Trust as of June 30, 2019, by market sector.

 

Interest Rates

 

Interest rate risk is one of the principal market exposures of each Series. Interest rate movements directly affect the price of interest rate futures positions held and indirectly the value of a Trading Company’s stock index and currency positions. Interest rate movements in one country as well as relative interest rate movements between countries materially impact profitability. The primary interest rate exposure is to interest rate fluctuations in the U.S. and the other G-7 countries. However, the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities also may take futures positions on the government debt of smaller nations. The Managing Owner anticipates that G-7 interest rates will remain the primary market exposure of each Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entities and accordingly of each Series for the foreseeable future. The changes in interest rates which are expected to have the most effect on the Series are changes in long-term, as opposed to short-term rates. Most of the speculative positions to be held by the Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities will be in medium- to long-term instruments. Consequently, even a material change in short-term rates is expected to have little effect on the Series if the medium- to long-term rates remain steady. Aggregate interest income from all sources, including assets held at clearing brokers, of up to 2% (annualized) is paid to the Managing Owner by the Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1 and Class 2 only), Frontier Global Fund, Frontier Select Fund and Frontier Heritage Fund. For the Frontier Diversified Fund, Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund (Class 1a, Class 2a, Class 3a only), Frontier Masters Fund and Frontier Balanced Fund (Class 1AP, Class 2a and Class 3a), 20% of the total interest allocated to each Series was paid to the Managing Owner from January 1, 2017 through April 28, 2017; thereafter 100% of the interest is retained by the respective Series.

 

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Currencies

 

Exchange rate risk is a significant market exposure of each Series of the Trust in general. For each Series of the Trust in general, currency exposure is to exchange rate fluctuations, primarily fluctuations that disrupt the historical pricing relationships between different Currencies and currency pairs. These fluctuations are influenced by interest rate changes as well as political and general economic conditions. The Trading Advisors on behalf of a Series trade in a large number of Currencies, including cross-rates, which are positions between two Currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Managing Owner does not anticipate that the risk profile of the Series’ currency sector will change significantly in the future.

 

Stock Indices

 

For each Series, its primary equity exposure is equity price risk in the G-7 countries as well as other smaller jurisdictions. Each Series of the Trust is primarily exposed to the risk of adverse price trends or static markets in the major U.S., European and Japanese indices.

 

Metals

 

For each Series, its Metals market exposure is fluctuations in the price of both precious Metals, including gold and silver, as well as base Metals including aluminum, copper, nickel and zinc. Some Metals, such as gold, are used as surrogate stores of value, in place of hard currency and thus have currency or interest rate risk associated with them relative to their price in a specific currency. Other Metals, such as silver, platinum, copper and steel, have substantial industrial applications and may be subject to forces affecting industrial production and demand.

 

Agriculturals/Softs

 

Each Series may also invest in raw commodities and may thus have exposure to agricultural price movements, which are often directly affected by severe or unexpected weather conditions or by political events in countries that comprise significant sources of commodity supply.

 

Energy

 

For each Series its primary energy market exposure is in oil, gas and other energy product price movements, often resulting from political developments and ongoing conflicts in the Middle East. Oil and gas prices can be volatile and substantial profits and losses have been and are expected to continue to be experienced in this market.

 

Other Trading Risks

 

As a result of leverage, small changes in the price of a Trading Company’s positions may result in substantial losses for a Series. Futures, forwards and options are typically traded on margin. This means that a small amount of capital can be used to invest in contracts of much greater total value. The resulting leverage means that a relatively small change in the market price of a contract can produce a substantial loss. Like other leveraged investments, any purchase or sale of a contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in that contract. The Trading Companies and Galaxy Plus entities may lose more than their initial margin deposits on a trade.

 

The Trading Companies’ and Galaxy Plus entities’ trading is subject to execution risks. Market conditions may make it impossible for the Trading Advisors to execute a buy or sell order at the desired price, or to close out an open position. Daily price fluctuation limits are established by the exchanges and approved by the CFTC. When the market price of a contract reaches its daily price fluctuation limit, no trades can be executed at prices outside the limit. The holder of a contract may therefore be locked into an adverse price movement for several days or more and lose considerably more than the initial margin put up to establish the position. Thinly traded or illiquid markets also can make it difficult or impossible to execute trades. The Trading Advisor’s positions are subject to speculative limits. The CFTC and domestic exchanges have established speculative position limits on the maximum futures position which any person, or group of persons acting in concert, may hold or control in particular futures contracts or options on futures contracts traded on U.S. commodity exchanges. Under current regulations, other accounts of the Trading Advisors are combined with the positions held by them on behalf of the applicable Trading Company and Galaxy Plus entity for position limit purposes. This trading could preclude additional trading in these commodities by the Trading Advisors for the accounts of the Series.

 

Systematic strategies do not consider fundamental types of data and do not have the benefit of discretionary decision making. The assets of the Series are allocated to Trading Advisors that rely on technical, systematic strategies that do not take into account factors external to the market itself (although certain of these strategies may have minor discretionary elements incorporated into their systematic strategy). The widespread use of technical trading systems frequently results in numerous trading advisors attempting to execute similar trades at or about the same time, altering trading patterns and affecting market liquidity. Furthermore, the profit potential of trend-following systems may be diminished by the changing character of the markets, which may make historical price data (on which technical programs are based) only marginally relevant to future market patterns. Systematic strategies are developed on the basis of a statistical analysis of market prices. Consequently, any factor external to the market itself that dominates prices that a discretionary decision maker may take into account may cause major losses for a systematic strategy. For example, a pending political or economic event may be very likely to cause a major price movement, but a systematic strategy may continue to maintain positions indicated by its trading method that might incur major losses if the event proved to be adverse.

 

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However, because certain of the Trading Advisors’ strategies involve some discretionary aspects in addition to their technical factors, certain of the Trading Advisors may occasionally use discretion in investing the assets of a Trading Company. For example, the Trading Advisors often use discretion in selecting contracts and markets to be followed. In exercising such discretion, such Trading Advisor may take positions opposite to those recommended by the Trading Advisor’s trading system or signals. Discretionary decision making may also result in a Trading Advisor failing to capitalize on certain price trends or making unprofitable trades in a situation where another trader relying solely on a systematic approach might not have done so. Furthermore, such use of discretion may not enable the relevant Series of the Trust to avoid losses and in fact, such use of discretion may cause such Series to forego profits which it may have otherwise earned had such discretion not been used.

 

Cyber Risks and Security

 

The Trust’s business requires it to use and store investor, employee and business partner personally identifiable information (“PII”). This may include, among other information, names, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, contact preferences, tax identification numbers and payment account information.

 

The Trust requires user names and passwords in order to access its information technology systems. The Trust also uses encryption and authentication technologies designed to secure the transmission and storage of data and prevent access to Trust data or accounts. These security measures are subject to third-party security breaches, employee error, malfeasance, faulty password management, or other irregularities. To help protect investors and the Trust, the Trust monitors accounts and systems for unusual activity and may freeze accounts under suspicious circumstances.

 

The Trust devotes significant resources to network security, data encryption and other security measures to protect its systems and data, but these security measures cannot provide absolute security. To the extent the Trust was to experience a breach of its systems and was unable to protect sensitive data, such a breach could materially damage business partner and investor relationships. Moreover, if a computer security breach affects the Trust’s systems or results in the unauthorized release of PII, the Trust’s reputation and brand could be materially damaged and the Trust could be exposed to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. While the Trust maintains insurance coverage that, subject to policy terms and conditions and subject to a significant self-insured retention, is designed to address certain aspects of cyber risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise in the continually evolving area of cyber risk.

 

Qualitative Disclosures Regarding Means of Managing Risk Exposure

 

The means by which the Managing Owner attempts to manage the risk of the Trust’s open positions is essentially the same in all market categories traded. The Managing Owner applies risk management policies to trading which generally are designed to limit the total exposure of assets under management. In addition, the Managing Owner follows diversification guidelines which are often formulated in terms of the balanced volatility between markets and correlated groups.

 

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ITEM  4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Under the supervision and with the participation of the management of the Managing Owner, including its Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, the Trust evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), for the Trust and each Series as of June 30, 2019 (the “Evaluation Date”). Any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable (not absolute) assurance that its objectives will be met. Furthermore, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.

 

Based upon that evaluation, the management of the Managing Owner concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the disclosure controls and procedures for the Trust and each Series were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.

 

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Trust’s and each Series annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Report on Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

 

The management of the Managing Owner is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting by the Trust.  

 

The Managing Owner’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. 

 

The internal control over financial reporting for the Trust and each Series includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the management of the Managing Owner; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements of the Trust or any Series.  

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements on a timely basis. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention of overriding controls. Accordingly, even effective internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  

 

Management assessed the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting for the Trust and each Series as of June 30, 2019, based on the framework set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in its 2013 report entitled Internal Control-Integrated Framework

 

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Based on that assessment, the Trust’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Trust did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019 as a result of the material weaknesses described below:

 

  A. Consolidation

 

Management’s review of the consolidation for the various Series and Trust was not designed effectively, resulting in the need for reclassifications / adjustments between financial statement line items on the statements of operations and statements of financial condition at various series and at the Trust. In addition, documentation supporting adjustments to the trial balances or various financial statement line items as presented in the consolidation was in some cases incomplete or insufficient.

 

  B. Financial Reporting

 

Management did not perform an appropriate review of the financial reporting process (i.e., untimely accounting for certain significant transactions, inadequate review of journal entries, and financial statements and related disclosures) which increased the likelihood of misstatements requiring corrections and disclosure adjustments.

 

Remediation Efforts

 

Management is committed to the remediation of the material weaknesses described above, as well as the continued improvement of our internal control over financial reporting. We have identified, and are implementing the actions described below to remediate the underlying causes of the control deficiencies that gave rise to the material weaknesses. As we continue our evaluation and improve our internal control over financial reporting, management may modify the actions described below or identify and take additional measures to address control deficiencies. Until the remediation efforts described below, including any additional measures management identifies as necessary, are completed, the material weaknesses described above will continue to exist.

 

To address the material weakness noted above, management is in the process of:

 

  establishing proper controls to ensure that underlying balances and activity are appropriately consolidated during quarter and year end. This process will include preparing supporting schedules for account balances and adjusting entries as well as incorporating internal reviews of the consolidating schedules prior to the preparation of the quarterly and annual financial statements;

 

  implementing a process where the financial statements, footnotes and applicable supporting schedules are reviewed prior to the drafting of the form 10-Q;

 

  performing a comprehensive review of current procedures to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and compliance with the Trust’s accounting policies and GAAP.

 

This quarterly report does not include an attestation report of the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the SEC that permit the Trust to provide only management’s report in this quarterly report.

 

Scope of Exhibit 31 Certifications

 

The certification of the Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of the Managing Owner included as Exhibit 31.1 to this Form 10-Q applies not only to the Trust as a whole but also to each Series individually.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

 

There are no material legal proceedings pending against the Trust, or any of the Series.

 

ITEM  1A. RISK FACTORS.

 

The sections each entitled “Risk Factors” in the Prospectuses filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) (File Nos. 333-210313 and 333-155800) are incorporated by reference into this section.

 

ITEM  2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

 

The following table provides information regarding the sale of unregistered Units by the Trust for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The number of Units listed below for each transaction is the aggregate number of Units in the particular Series of the Trust purchased in such transaction. The consideration listed below for each transaction is, except as otherwise noted, the aggregate amount of cash paid for the Units purchased. For each transaction reported below, the price per Unit was NAV per Unit at the time of the transaction and the Managing Owner of the Trust was the purchaser of the Units. No underwriting discount or sales commission was paid or received with respect to any of the transactions reported below. The Trust claims an exemption from registration of each of the transactions listed below under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a sale by an issuer not involving a public offering.

 

SERIES   DATE   UNITS   CONSIDERATION
NONE            

 

One hundred percent of the offering proceeds from the sale of Units are initially available for the Series’ trading activities.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

 

None

 

ITEM  4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM  5. OTHER INFORMATION.

 

None

 

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ITEM  6. EXHIBITS.

 

Exhibits (numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K)

 

31.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer of the Managing Owner pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (furnished herewith)
   
32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.3 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.4 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.5 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.6 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.7 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
32.8 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as enacted by Section 906 of The Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002. (furnished herewith)
   
101 Financials in XBRL format

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

126

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Balanced Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

127

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Heritage Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

128

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Global Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

129

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Select Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

130

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Long/Short Commodity Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

131

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Diversified Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

132

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  Frontier Masters Fund,
  a Series of Frontier Funds
  (Registrant)
     
Date: August 14, 2019 By: /s/ Patrick J. Kane
    Patrick J. Kane
   

Chairman, Chief Financial Officer,

Chief Accounting Officer and Managing Member of Frontier Fund Management LLC, the Managing Owner of Frontier Funds

 

 

133