Loan and Security Agreements	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Loan and Security Agreements
Loan and Security Agreements	6. Loan and Security Agreements Hercules Capital, Inc. In February 2015, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement (the "Hercules Loan Agreement") with Hercules Capital, Inc. ("Hercules") for a term loan of up to $25.0 million. In August 2016, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement (the "First Amendment") with Hercules, which amended certain terms of the Hercules Loan Agreement. In May 2017, the Company entered into the Second Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement (the "Second Amendment") with Hercules which further amended certain terms of the Hercules Loan Agreement. A first tranche of $16.5 million was funded upon execution of the Hercules Loan Agreement, approximately $15.5 million of which was used to repay the Company’s previous term loan with Oxford Finance LLC. The First Amendment extended the Company’s option to draw down the second tranche of $8.5 million (the “Second Term Loan Advance”) of the term loan facility provided under the Hercules Loan Agreement (the “Term Loan”) until March 31, 2017 and made the Second Term Loan Advance subject to the consent of Hercules, among other customary conditions. The Second Amendment further extended the Company’s option to draw the Second Term Loan Advance until January 31, 2018 and continued to make the Second Term Loan Advance subject to the consent of Hercules, among other customary conditions. The First Amendment also extended the interest-only payments until January 31, 2017, in connection with the first tranche of $16.5 million (the “First Term Loan Advance” and together with the Second Term Loan Advance, the “Term Loan Advances”). The period during which the additional tranche of $8.5 million may be drawn has expired and therefore the $8.5 million can no longer be drawn by the Company. The First Amendment provides the Term Loan will mature on December 1, 2018. As a result of the First Amendment, and in connection with the extension of the interest-only period from the First Term Loan Advance, Hercules returned to the Company the principal payments paid by the Company in July and August 2016, which such returned payments will once again constitute outstanding Term Loan advances under the Hercules Loan Agreement. In connection with the execution of the First Amendment, the Company paid Hercules a facility fee of $165. The facility fee represents a debt issue cost which is being reflected as a reduction to the carrying amount of the loan payable in accordance with ASU 2015-03. Such issue costs are being amortized to interest expense over the life of the Term Loan using the effective interest method. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $5.9 million and $10.9 million, respectively, related to the Hercules Loan Agreement which is recorded on the balance sheet in loan payable, current portion. As of September 30, 2018, the fair value of Term Loan approximates its carrying value. The Term Loan accrues interest at a rate of the greater of 9.0% or 9.0% plus Prime minus 4.25% and is payable monthly. Principal is due in 23 consecutive monthly installments beginning on February 1, 2017 and ending on December 1, 2018. In addition to the outstanding principal balance, the Company is required to make an end of term final payment of approximately $611 on the maturity date of the Term Loan (December 1, 2018). The amount of the end of term final payment is being accrued over the loan term as interest expense. The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, of the Term Loan subject to a prepayment premium of 1.0% of the outstanding principal. The obligations of the Company under the Hercules Loan Agreement are secured by a perfected first position lien on all of the assets of the Company, excluding intellectual property assets. In connection with the Hercules Loan Agreement, the Company issued Hercules a warrant to purchase 180,274 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.89 per share which expires on February 24, 2020 and granted Hercules the right to participate in future equity financings in an amount up to $2.0 million while the loan and warrant are outstanding. The Company allocated the proceeds of $16.5 million in accordance with ASC 470 based on the relative fair values. The relative fair value of the warrants of approximately $1.2 million at the time of issuance, which was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, was recorded as additional paid-in capital and reduced the carrying value of the debt. The significant assumptions used in preparing the option pricing model for valuing the Company’s warrant issued to Hercules include (i) volatility (75.0%), (ii) risk free interest rate of 1.22% (estimated using treasury bonds with a 4-year life), (iii) strike price ($5.89) for the common stock warrant, (iv) fair value of common stock ($9.82) and (v) expected life (4 years). The discount on the debt is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the debt. Interest expense on the Hercules Loan Agreement including the accretion of the value of the related warrants, accrual of term loan back-end fee and amortization of the deferred financing costs was approximately $91 and $289, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively and $459 and $1,509, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.

6. Loan and Security Agreements

Hercules Capital, Inc.

In February 2015, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement (the "Hercules Loan Agreement") with Hercules Capital, Inc. ("Hercules") for a term loan of up to $25.0 million. In August 2016, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement (the "First Amendment") with Hercules, which amended certain terms of the Hercules Loan Agreement. In May 2017, the Company entered into the Second Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement (the "Second Amendment") with Hercules which further amended certain terms of the Hercules Loan Agreement. A first tranche of $16.5 million was funded upon execution of the Hercules Loan Agreement, approximately $15.5 million of which was used to repay the Company’s previous term loan with Oxford Finance LLC.

The First Amendment extended the Company’s option to draw down the second tranche of $8.5 million (the “Second Term Loan Advance”) of the term loan facility provided under the Hercules Loan Agreement (the “Term Loan”) until March 31, 2017 and made the Second Term Loan Advance subject to the consent of Hercules, among other customary conditions. The Second Amendment further extended the Company’s option to draw the Second Term Loan Advance until January 31, 2018 and continued to make the Second Term Loan Advance subject to the consent of Hercules, among other customary conditions. The First Amendment also extended the interest-only payments until January 31, 2017, in connection with the first tranche of $16.5 million (the “First Term Loan Advance” and together with the Second Term Loan Advance, the “Term Loan Advances”). The period during which the additional tranche of $8.5 million may be drawn has expired and therefore the $8.5 million can no longer be drawn by the Company.

The First Amendment provides the Term Loan will mature on December 1, 2018. As a result of the First Amendment, and in connection with the extension of the interest-only period from the First Term Loan Advance, Hercules returned to the Company the principal payments paid by the Company in July and August 2016, which such returned payments will once again constitute outstanding Term Loan advances under the Hercules Loan Agreement. In connection with the execution of the First Amendment, the Company paid Hercules a facility fee of $165. The facility fee represents a debt issue cost which is being reflected as a reduction to the carrying amount of the loan payable in accordance with ASU 2015-03. Such issue costs are being amortized to interest expense over the life of the Term Loan using the effective interest method. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $5.9 million and $10.9 million, respectively, related to the Hercules Loan Agreement which is recorded on the balance sheet in loan payable, current portion. As of September 30, 2018, the fair value of Term Loan approximates its carrying value.

The Term Loan accrues interest at a rate of the greater of 9.0% or 9.0% plus Prime minus 4.25% and is payable monthly. Principal is due in 23 consecutive monthly installments beginning on February 1, 2017 and ending on December 1, 2018. In addition to the outstanding principal balance, the Company is required to make an end of term final payment of approximately $611 on the maturity date of the Term Loan (December 1, 2018). The amount of the end of term final payment is being accrued over the loan term as interest expense.

The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, of the Term Loan subject to a prepayment premium of 1.0% of the outstanding principal. The obligations of the Company under the Hercules Loan Agreement are secured by a perfected first position lien on all of the assets of the Company, excluding intellectual property assets.

In connection with the Hercules Loan Agreement, the Company issued Hercules a warrant to purchase 180,274 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.89 per share which expires on February 24, 2020 and granted Hercules the right to participate in future equity financings in an amount up to $2.0 million while the loan and warrant are outstanding.

The Company allocated the proceeds of $16.5 million in accordance with ASC 470 based on the relative fair values. The relative fair value of the warrants of approximately $1.2 million at the time of issuance, which was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, was recorded as additional paid-in capital and reduced the carrying value of the debt. The significant assumptions used in preparing the option pricing model for valuing the Company’s warrant issued to Hercules include (i) volatility (75.0%), (ii) risk free interest rate of 1.22% (estimated using treasury bonds with a 4-year life), (iii) strike price ($5.89) for the common stock warrant, (iv) fair value of common stock ($9.82) and (v) expected life (4 years). The discount on the debt is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the debt.

Interest expense on the Hercules Loan Agreement including the accretion of the value of the related warrants, accrual of term loan back-end fee and amortization of the deferred financing costs was approximately $91 and $289, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively and $459 and $1,509, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.