AMERICAN FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
2,321,000 Shares of Common Stock of American Financial Group, Inc.
(no par value)

AMENDED AND RESTATED EQUITY DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

March 27, 2006

UBS Securities LLC
299 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10171

Ladies and Gentlemen:

        This AMENDED AND RESTATED EQUITY DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made as of March 27, 2006, by and between American Financial Group, Inc. (the “Company”), and UBS Securities LLC (the “Manager”) and amends and restates the Equity Distribution Agreement, effective as of November 17, 2004 and amended effective March 31, 2005, between the Company, American Premier Underwriters, Inc. and the Manager (the “Original Agreement”).

        WHEREAS, the Company and the Manager entered into the Original Agreement to provide for the issuance and sale of up to 3,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock;

        WHEREAS, pursuant to the Original Agreement the Company issued and sold 679,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, no par value (the “Common Stock”); and

        WHEREAS, the Company and the Manager wish to amend and restate the Original Agreement and provide for the issuance and sale of up to 2,321,000 shares of the Company’s common stock pursuant to the terms hereof.

        NOW, THEREFORE, the Company confirms its agreement with the Manager as follows:

        SECTION 1.    Description of Securities. The Company proposes to issue and sell through or to the Manager, as non-exclusive sales agent and/or principal, up to 2,321,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Common Stock, on the terms set forth in Section 3 of this Agreement. The Company agrees that whenever the Company determines to sell Shares directly to the Manager as principal, the Company will enter into a separate agreement (each, a “Terms Agreement”) substantially in the form of Annex I hereto, relating to such sale in accordance with Section 3 of this Agreement.

        SECTION 2.    Representations and Warranties of the Company. (i) The Company represents and warrants to the Manager that:

        (a)        A registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-[_____]) (the “registration statement”) has heretofore become, and is, effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively called the “Act”); the registration statement sets forth the terms of the offering, sale and plan of distribution of the Shares and contains additional information concerning the Company and its business; no stop order of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) preventing or suspending the use of any Basic Prospectus (as defined below), the Prospectus Supplement (as defined below), the Prospectus (as defined below) or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below), or the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. Except where the context otherwise requires, “Registration Statement,” as used herein, means the registration statement, as amended at the time of such registration statement’s effectiveness for purposes of Section 11 of the Act, including (1) all documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein, (2) any information contained or incorporated by reference in a prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, to the extent such information is deemed, pursuant to Rule 430B or Rule 430C under the Act, to be part of the registration statement at the Effective Time, and (3) any registration statement filed to register the offer and sale of Shares pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act. Except where the context otherwise requires, “Basic Prospectus,” as used herein, means the prospectus filed as part of each Registration Statement, together with any amendments or supplements thereto as of the date of the Agreement. Except where the context otherwise requires, “Prospectus Supplement,” as used herein, means the final prospectus supplement, relating to the Shares, filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act on or before the second business day after the date hereof (or such earlier time as may be required under the Act), in the form furnished by the Company to the Manager in connection with the offering of the Shares. Except where the context otherwise requires, “Prospectus,” as used herein, means the Prospectus Supplement together with the Basic Prospectus attached to or used with the Prospectus Supplement. “Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses,” as used herein, means the documents listed on Schedule A attached hereto and any document approved by the Company and the Manager in writing as a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus after the date of this Agreement in connection with the offering of Shares under this Agreement. Any reference herein to the registration statement, the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference, or deemed to be incorporated by reference, therein (the “Incorporated Documents”), including, unless the context otherwise requires, the documents, if any, filed as exhibits to such Incorporated Documents. Any reference herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Exchange Act”) on or after the initial effective date of the Registration Statement, or the date of such Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, as the case may be, and deemed to be incorporated therein by reference;

        (b)        The Registration Statement complied when it became effective, complies as of the date hereof and, as amended or supplemented, at the time of purchase, each additional time of purchase, if any, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares, will comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act; the conditions to the use of Form S-3 in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby have been satisfied; the Registration Statement constitutes an “automatic shelf registration statement” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act), and, as of the determination date applicable to the Registration Statement (and any amendment thereof) and the offering contemplated hereby, the Company is a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Act; the Registration Statement meets, and the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby complies with, the requirements of Rule 415 under the Act (including, without limitation, Rule 415(a)(5)); the Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; each Basic Prospectus complied or will comply, at the time it was or will be filed with the Commission, complies as of the date hereof (if filed with the Commission on or prior to the date hereof) and, at the time of purchase, each additional time of purchase, if any, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares, will comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act; at no time during the period that begins on the earlier of the date of such Basic Prospectus and the date such Basic Prospectus was filed with the Commission and ends at the time of purchase did or will any Basic Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and at no time during such period did or will any Basic Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, together with any combination of one or more of the then issued Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; each of the Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus will comply, as of the date that it is filed with the Commission, the date of the Prospectus Supplement, the time of purchase, each additional time of purchase, if any, and at all times during which a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act (in the case of the Prospectus, including, without limitation, Section 10(a) of the Act); at no time during the period that begins on the earlier of the date of the Prospectus Supplement and the date the Prospectus Supplement is filed with the Commission and ends at the later of the time of purchase, the latest additional time of purchase, if any, and the end of the period during which a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares did or will any Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; at no time during the period that begins on the date of such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and ends at the time of purchase did or will any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to any statement contained in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information concerning the Manager and furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Manager expressly for use in the Registration Statement, such Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus; each Incorporated Document, at the time such document was filed with the Commission or at the time such document became effective, as applicable, complied, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Exchange Act and did not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

        (c)        Prior to the execution of this Agreement, the Company has not, directly or indirectly, offered or sold any Shares by means of any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act) or used any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares, in each case other than the Basic Prospectuses and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any; the Company has not, directly or indirectly, prepared, used or referred to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus except in compliance with Rule 163 or with Rules 164 and 433 under the Act; assuming that such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus is so sent or given after the Registration Statement was filed with the Commission (and after such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus was, if required pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act, filed with the Commission), the sending or giving, by the Manager, of any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus will satisfy the provisions of Rule 164 or Rule 433 (without reliance on subsections (b), (c) and (d) of Rule 164); the conditions set forth in one or more of subclauses (i) through (iv), inclusive, of Rule 433(b)(1) under the Act are satisfied, and the registration statement relating to the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby, as initially filed with the Commission, includes a prospectus that, other than by reason of Rule 433 or Rule 431 under the Act, satisfies the requirements of Section 10 of the Act; neither the Company nor the Manager is disqualified, by reason of subsection (f) or (g) of Rule 164 under the Act, from using, in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares, “free writing prospectuses” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Act; the Company is not an “ineligible issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) as of the eligibility determination date for purposes of Rules 164 and 433 under the Act with respect to the offering of the Shares contemplated by the Registration Statement; the parties hereto agree and understand that the content of any and all “road shows” (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act) related to the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby is solely the property of the Company;

        (d)        In accordance with Rule 2710(b)(7)(C)(i) of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the “NASD”), the Shares have been registered with the Commission on Form S-3 under the Act pursuant to the standards for such Form S-3 in effect prior to October 21, 1992;

        (e)        The Company has been duly incorporated and is a validly existing corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Ohio, and has power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectuses, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing (or local law equivalent) in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business, requires such qualification except where such failure to qualify would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a material adverse effect on the Company or any of its subsidiaries or their respective business, properties, business prospects, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations or on the transactions contemplated hereby, or would materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement, any Terms Agreement or the Shares (a “Material Adverse Effect”);

        (f)        Each “significant subsidiary” of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X) (each a “Subsidiary” and, collectively, the “Subsidiaries”) has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing (or local law equivalent) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectuses, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, and is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in good standing (or local law equivalent) in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification; except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectuses, the Prospectus or the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free from liens, encumbrances and defects; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. The only Subsidiaries of the Company are the subsidiaries listed on Schedule B hereto;

        (g)        The financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, together with the related schedules and notes thereto, present fairly in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods specified; said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis (except to the extent otherwise noted in such financial statements or the notes thereto) throughout the periods involved. The supporting schedules, if any, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement present fairly in accordance with GAAP the information required to be stated therein. The selected financial data and the summary financial information included in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, present fairly the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses;

        (h)        The accounting firm that certified the financial statements and supporting schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectuses, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, are independent registered public accountants as required by the Act and by the rules of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;

        (i)        All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws and were not issued in violation of any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right; the Shares to be issued and sold by the Company pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement have been duly authorized and upon such issuance will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and are not subject to any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right and the certificates for the Shares are in due and proper form and the holders of the Shares will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders. The description of the Common Stock in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, is complete and accurate in all material respects. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there are no options to purchase, or any rights or warrants to subscribe for, or any securities or obligations convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for, or any contracts, commitments, plans or arrangements to issue or sell, any shares of capital stock of the Company, and except with respect to Great American Financial Resources, Inc. and National Interstate Corporation, any shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary or any such warrants, convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities or obligations. The descriptions of the Company’s stock option and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted and exercised thereunder, set forth or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, accurately present the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights;

        (j)        Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, except as otherwise stated therein, (A) there has been no Material Adverse Effect, (B) there have been no transactions entered into by either of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (C)  other than regular quarterly dividends declared and paid consistent with past practice and described in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its respective capital stock;

        (k)        Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there are no pending actions, suits or proceedings against or affecting the Company, or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties that, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect or which are otherwise material in the context of the sale of the Shares; and no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened or, to the Company’s knowledge, contemplated;

        (l)        Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of its articles of incorporation or code of regulations (or similar corporate documents). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject (collectively, “Agreements and Instruments”) except for such defaults that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, any Terms Agreement and the Shares and any other agreement or instrument entered into or issued or to be entered into or issued by the Company in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, (including the issuance and sale of the Shares and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as described in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, under the caption “Use of Proceeds”) and compliance by the Company with its obligations hereunder and under any Terms Agreement and the Shares and such other agreements or instruments have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company and do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments (except for such conflicts, breaches, defaults or Repayment Events or liens, charges or encumbrances that, singly or in the aggregate, would not result in a Material Adverse Effect), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the articles of incorporation or code of regulations (or similar corporate documents) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their assets, properties or operations. As used herein, a “Repayment Event” means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

        (m)        This Agreement and any Terms Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company;

        n)        Each subsidiary of the Company which is engaged in the business of insurance or reinsurance (collectively, the “Insurance Subsidiaries”) holds such insurance licenses, certificates and permits from governmental authorities (including, without limitation, from the insurance regulatory agencies of the various jurisdictions where it conducts business (the “Insurance Licenses”)) as are necessary to the conduct of its business as described in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus; the Company and each Insurance Subsidiary have fulfilled and performed all obligations necessary to maintain the Insurance Licenses; except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, there is no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation that could reasonably be expected to result in the revocation, termination or suspension of any Insurance License which would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, no insurance regulatory agency or body has issued, or, to the knowledge of the Company, commenced any proceeding for the issuance of, any order or decree impairing, restricting or prohibiting the payment of dividends by any Insurance Subsidiary to its parent;

        (o)        No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Shares hereunder or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or for the due execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the Terms Agreement by the Company, except such as have been already obtained or as may be required under state securities laws;

        (p)        Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real properties and all other properties and assets owned by them, in each case free from liens, encumbrances and defects that would, individually or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such properties and assets, taken as a whole, and except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, the Company and its Subsidiaries hold any leased real or personal property under valid and enforceable leases with no exceptions that would materially interfere with the use made or to be made of the leased property, taken as a whole, by them;

        (q)        The Company and its Subsidiaries own, possess or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate trademarks, trade names and other rights to inventions, know-how, patents, copyrights, confidential information and other intellectual property (collectively, “intellectual property rights”) necessary to conduct the business now operated by them, or presently employed by them, and have not received any notice of infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any intellectual property rights that, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect;

        (r)        Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any statute, any rule, regulation, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances (collectively, “environmental laws”), owns or operates any real property contaminated with any substance that is subject to any environmental laws, is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any environmental laws, or is subject to any claim relating to any environmental laws, which violation, contamination, liability or claim would individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect; and the Company is not aware of any pending investigation which might lead to such a claim;

        (s)        The Company is not required, and upon the issuance and sale of the Shares as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, will not be required, to register as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”);

        (t)        Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Company and the Insurance Subsidiaries have made no material change in their insurance reserving practices since December 31, 2005;

        (u)        All reinsurance treaties and arrangements to which any Insurance Subsidiary is a party are in full force and effect and, other than with respect to a single reinsurance dispute involving one of the Insurance Subsidiaries which could be in an amount of up to $5,000,000, no Insurance Subsidiary is in violation of, or in default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of, any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained therein except where such violation or default would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; no Insurance Subsidiary has received any notice from any of the other parties to such treaties, contracts or agreements that such other party intends not to perform such treaty and, the Company and the Insurance Subsidiaries have no reason to believe that any of the other parties to such treaties or arrangements will be unable to perform such treaty or arrangement except to the extent adequately and properly reserved for in the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, except where such default or inability to perform would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;

        (v)        The statutory financial statements of the Insurance Subsidiaries, from which certain ratios and other statistical data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, have been derived, have been prepared for each relevant period in conformity with statutory accounting principles or practices required or permitted by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and by the appropriate Insurance Department of the jurisdiction of domicile of each Insurance Subsidiary, and such statutory accounting practices have been applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved, except as may otherwise be indicated therein or in the notes thereto, and present fairly in all material respects the statutory financial position of the Insurance Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof, and the statutory basis results of operations of the Insurance Subsidiaries for the periods covered thereby;

        (w)        The Company is, and if operated in the manner described in the Prospectus shall remain, an insurance holding company;

        (x)        Neither the Company nor any affiliate of the Company has taken, nor will the Company or any affiliate take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed to or which has constituted or which would be expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares;

        (y)        The Common Stock is an “actively-traded security” excepted from the requirements of Rule 101 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act by subsection (c)(1) of such rule;

        (z)        The Shares are duly authorized for listing, subject to official notice of issuance, on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) and the Nasdaq National Market (“Nasdaq”);

        (aa)        No labor dispute with the employees of either of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that might have a Material Adverse Effect exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent;

        (bb)        Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any officer, director, employee or agent acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has at any time (i) made any contributions to any candidate for political office in violation of law, or failed to disclose fully any contributions to any candidate for political office in accordance with any applicable statute, rule, regulation or ordinance requiring such disclosure, (ii) made any payment to any local, state, federal or foreign governmental officer or official, or other person charged with similar public or quasi-public duties, other than payments required or allowed by applicable law, (iii) made any payment outside the ordinary course of business to any purchasing or selling agent or person charged with similar duties of any entity to which the Company or any Subsidiary sells or from which the Company or any Subsidiary buys products for the purpose of influencing such agent or person to buy products from or sell products to the Company or such Subsidiary, or (iv) except as described in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, engaged in any transaction, maintained any bank account or used any corporate funds except for transactions, bank accounts and funds which have been and are reflected in the normally maintained books and records of the Company or such Subsidiary;

        (cc)        The Company and its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the business in which they engage as described in the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus; neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for; and the Company has no reason to believe that it or any Subsidiary will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its proposed business at a cost that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect;

        (dd)        Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, and if operated in the manner described in the Prospectus, will be a “broker” within the meaning of Section 3(a)(4) of the Exchange Act or a “dealer” within the meaning of Section 3(a)(5) of the Exchange Act or required to be registered pursuant to Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act;

        (ee)        Except as contemplated by Section 3 of this Agreement, the Company has not incurred any liability for any finder’s fees or similar payments in connection with the transactions herein contemplated;

        (ff)        The Company has not entered into any other sales agency agreements or other similar arrangements with any agent or other representative in respect of the Shares and the equity shelf program established by this Agreement;

        (gg)        The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s authorization; (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences; (v) material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries is promptly made known to the officers responsible for establishing and maintaining the system of internal accounting controls; and (vi) any significant deficiencies or weaknesses in the design or operation of internal accounting controls which could adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data, and any fraud whether or not material that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in internal controls, are adequately and promptly disclosed to the Company’s independent auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors;

        (hh)        The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries maintain systems of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of their respective principal executive and principle financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

        (ii)        There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or, to the best knowledge of the Company, any of the Company’s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply in all material respects with any provision of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), including Section 402 related to loans and Sections 302 and 906 related to certifications; and

        (jj)        There are no transactions, arrangements and other relationships between and/or among the Company, and/or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its affiliates and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structural finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity (each, an “Off Balance Sheet Transaction”) that could reasonably be expected to affect materially the Company’s liquidity or the availability of or requirements for its capital resources, including those Off Balance Sheet Transactions described in the Commission’s Statement about Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations (Release Nos. 33-8056; 34-45321; FR-61), required to be described in the Prospectus which have not been described as required.

        SECTION 3. Sale and Delivery of Securities. (a) On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell, through the Manager, as sales agent, and the Manager agrees to use its reasonable efforts to sell, as sales agent for the Company, the Shares on the following terms:

        (i)        The Shares are to be sold on a daily basis or otherwise as shall be agreed to by the Company and the Manager, but in any event the Shares are to be sold only in trades on the NYSE, on any day that is a trading day for the NYSE (other than a day on which the NYSE is scheduled to close prior to its regular weekday closing time). The Company will designate in writing the maximum amount and minimum price of Shares to be sold by the Manager daily as reasonably agreed to by the Manager and in any event not in excess of the amount available for issuance under the currently effective Registration Statement. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Manager shall use its reasonable efforts to sell all of the designated Shares. The gross sales of any Shares sold under this Section 3(a) shall be the market price for shares of the Company’s Common Stock sold by the Manager under this Section 3(a) on the NYSE at the time of such sale.

        (ii)        Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may instruct the Manager in writing not to sell Shares if such sales cannot be effected at or above the price designated by the Company in any such instruction. Furthermore, the Company shall not authorize the issuance and sale of, and the Manager shall not be obligated to use its reasonable efforts to sell, any Share at a price lower than the minimum price therefor designated from time to time by the Company’s Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors and notified to the Manager in writing. In addition, the Company or the Manager may, upon notice to the other parties hereto by telephone (confirmed promptly by telecopy), suspend the offering of the Shares; provided, however, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties’ respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice.

        (iii)        The Manager hereby covenants and agrees not to make any sales of Shares on behalf of the Company, pursuant to this Section 3(a), other than (a) by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions between members of the NYSE that qualify for delivery of a Prospectus to the NYSE in accordance with Rule 153 under the Act (such transactions are hereinafter referred to as “At the Market Offerings”) and (b) such other sales of Shares on behalf of the Company in its capacity as agent of the Company as shall be agreed by the Company and the Manager. The Company acknowledges and agrees that in the event a sale of Shares on behalf of the Company would constitute the sale of a “block” under Rule 10b-18(a)(5) under the Exchange Act or a “distribution” within the meaning of Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act or the Manager reasonably believes it may be deemed an “underwriter” under the Act in a transaction that is not an At the Market Offering, the Company will provide to the Manager, at the Manager’s request and upon reasonable advance notice to the Company, on or prior to the Settlement Date, the opinions of counsel, accountants’ letters and officers’ certificates pursuant to Section 5 hereof that the Company would be required to provide to the Manager in connection with a sale of Shares pursuant to a Terms Agreement, each dated the Settlement Date (as defined below), and such other documents and information as the Manager shall reasonably request.

        (iv)        The compensation to the Manager for sales of Shares, as an agent of the Company, shall be 2.0% of the gross sales price of the Shares sold pursuant to this Section 3(a), and such rate of compensation shall not apply when the Manager acts as principal. The remaining proceeds with respect to Shares sold, after further deduction for any transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales, shall constitute the net proceeds to the Company (the “Net Proceeds”).

        (v)        The Manager shall provide written confirmation to the Company following the close of trading on the NYSE each day in which Shares are sold under this Section 3(a) setting forth the amount of Shares sold on such day, the Net Proceeds to the Company, and the compensation payable by the Company to the Manager with respect to such sales.

        (vi)        Settlement for sales of Shares pursuant to this Section 3(a) will occur on the third business day following the date on which such sales are made (each such day, a “Settlement Date”). On each Settlement Date, the Shares sold through the Manager for settlement on such date shall be issued and delivered by the Company to the Manager against payment of the Net Proceeds for the sale of such Shares. Settlement for all such Shares shall be effected by free delivery of Shares to the Manager’s account at The Depository Trust Company in return for payments in same day funds delivered to the account designated by the Company. If the Company shall default on its obligation to deliver Shares on any Settlement Date, the Company shall (a) hold the Manager harmless against any loss, claim or damage arising from or as a result of such default by the Company and (b) pay the Manager any commission to which it would otherwise be entitled absent such default. If the Manager breaches this Agreement by failing to deliver proceeds on any Settlement Date the Manager will pay the Company interest based on the effective overnight Federal Funds rate.

        (vii)        At each Settlement Date and Filing Date (as defined below), the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each of its representations and warranties contained in this Agreement. The Company covenants and agrees with the Manager that (a) with respect to each of the Company’s first three fiscal quarters, on or prior to the date on which the Company shall be obligated to file a quarterly report on Form 10-Q in respect of such quarter and (b) with respect to the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter for year 2006 and for each year thereafter, on or prior to the thirty-fifth day after the end of such quarter in which sales of Shares were made by the Manager pursuant to this Section 3(a) (each such date, a “Filing Date”), the Company will file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b), which prospectus supplement will set forth, with regard to such quarter, the number of Shares sold through the Manager as agent pursuant to this Section 3(a) in At the Market Offerings, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation paid by the Company with respect to such sales of Shares pursuant to this Section 3(a) and deliver such number of copies of each such prospectus supplement to the NYSE as are required by such Exchange. Any obligation of the Manager to use its reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on behalf of the Company shall be subject to the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of the Company’s obligations hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction of the additional conditions specified in Section 5 of this Agreement.

        (b)   (i) If the Company wishes to issue and sell Shares pursuant to this Agreement but other than as set forth in Section 3(a) of this Agreement (each, a “Placement”), it will notify the Manager of the proposed terms of such Placement. If the Manager, acting as principal, wishes to accept such proposed terms (which it may decline to do for any reason in its sole discretion) or, following discussions with the Company, wishes to accept amended terms, the Manager and the Company will enter into a Terms Agreement setting forth the terms of such Placement.

        (ii)        The terms set forth in a Terms Agreement will not be binding on the Company or the Manager unless and until the Company and the Manager have each executed such Terms Agreement accepting all of the terms of such Terms Agreement. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Terms Agreement, the terms of such Terms Agreement will control.

        (c)        (i) Under no circumstances shall the number of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement exceed the number set forth in Section 1 or the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the currently effective Registration Statement.

        (ii)        If any party has reason to believe that the exemptive provisions set forth in Rule 101(c)(1) of Regulation M under the Exchange Act are not satisfied with respect to the Shares, it shall promptly notify the other party and sales of Shares under this Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall be suspended until that or other exemptive provisions have been satisfied in the judgment of each party. The Manager shall calculate on a weekly basis the ADTV (as defined by Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock.

        (d)        Each sale of Shares to the Manager shall be made in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and a Terms Agreement, which will provide for the sale of such Shares to, and the purchase thereof by, the Manager. A Terms Agreement may also specify certain provisions relating to the reoffering of such Shares by the Manager. The commitment of the Manager to purchase Shares pursuant to any Terms Agreement shall be deemed to have been made on the basis of the representations and warranties of the Company herein contained and shall be subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth. Each Terms Agreement shall specify the number of Shares to be purchased by the Manager pursuant thereto, the price to be paid to the Company for such Shares, any provisions relating to rights of, and default by, underwriters acting together with the Manager in the reoffering of the Shares, and the time and date (each such time and date being referred to herein as a “Time of Delivery”) and place of delivery of and payment for such Shares. Such Terms Agreement shall also specify any requirements for opinions of counsel, accountants’ letters and officers’ certificates pursuant to Section 5 of this Agreement and any other information or documents required by the Manager.

        SECTION 4.   Covenants of the Company. The Company agrees with the Manager:

        (a)        During the period in which a prospectus relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), to notify the Manager promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement has become effective or any subsequent supplement to any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus has been filed; to prepare and file with the Commission, promptly upon the Manager’s request, any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus that, in the Manager’s reasonable opinion, may be necessary or advisable in connection with the offering of the Shares by the Manager; and to cause each amendment or supplement to any Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) of the Act or, in the case of any Incorporated Document, to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the Exchange Act, within the time period prescribed.

        (b)        To promptly advise the Manager of any request by the Commission for amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information with respect thereto, or of notice of institution of proceedings for, or the entry of a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and, if the Commission should enter a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, to make every reasonable effort to obtain the lifting or removal of such order as soon as possible; to promptly advise the Manager of any proposal to amend or supplement the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus, including by filing any documents that would be incorporated by reference therein by reference and to provide the Manager and its counsel copies of any such documents for review and comment a reasonable amount of time prior to any proposed filing and to file no such amendment or supplement (other than any prospectus supplement relating to the offering of other securities (including, without limitation, the Common Stock) to which the Manager shall object in writing.

        (c)        To make available to the Manager, as soon as practicable after this Agreement becomes effective, and thereafter from time to time to furnish to the Manager, copies of the Prospectus (or of the Prospectus as amended or supplemented if the Company shall have made any amendments or supplements thereto after the effective date of the Registration Statement) as the Manager may request for the purposes contemplated by the Act, in case the Manager is required to deliver (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), in connection with the sale of the Shares, a prospectus after the nine-month period referred to in Section 10(a)(3) of the Act, or after the time a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement is required pursuant to Item 512(a) of Regulation S-K under the Act, the Company will prepare, at its expense, promptly upon request such amendment or amendments to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as may be necessary to permit compliance with the requirements of Section 10(a)(3) of the Act or Item 512(a) of Regulation S-K under the Act, as the case may be.

        (d)        Subject to Section 4(b) hereof, to file promptly all reports and documents and any preliminary or definitive proxy or information statement required to be filed by the Company with the Commission in order to comply with the Exchange Act for so long as a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares; and to provide the Manager, for its review and comment, with a copy of such reports and statements and other documents to be filed by the Company pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during such period a reasonable amount of time prior to any proposed filing, and to promptly notify the Manager of such filing.

        (e)        To pay the fees applicable to the Registration Statement in connection with the offering of the Shares within the time required by Rule 456 under the Act (without reliance on subsection (b)(1)(i) thereof) and in compliance with Rule 456(r) under the Act.

        (f)        To promptly notify the Manager of the happening of any event known to the Company within the time during which a prospectus relating to the Shares is required to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) which, in the judgment of the Company, would require the making of any change in the Prospectus then being used, or in the information incorporated therein by reference, so that the Prospectus would not include an untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, and, during such time, subject to Section 4(b), to prepare and furnish, at the Company’s expense, to the Manager promptly such amendments or supplements to such Prospectus as may be necessary to reflect any such change and, to the extent it relates solely to the Shares, to furnish the Manager with a copy of such proposed amendment or supplement before filing any such amendment or supplement with the Commission and thereafter promptly to furnish at the Company’s own expense to the Manager, copies in such quantities and at such locations as the Manager may from time to time reasonably request of an appropriate amendment to the Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus so that the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will (i) reflect such change, or (ii) not, when it is so delivered, include an untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, and (iii) comply with applicable securities laws.

        (g)        To furnish such information as may be required and otherwise to cooperate in qualifying the Shares for offering and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such states as the Manager may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to consent to the service of process under the laws of any such state (except service of process with respect to the offering and sale of the Shares); and to promptly advise the Manager of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offer or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose.

        (h)        To furnish to the Manager (i) copies of any reports or other communications which the Company shall send directly to its stockholders or shall from time to time publish or publicly disseminate (except with respect to information, other than press releases, on the Company’s website), (ii) copies of all annual, quarterly and current reports filed with the Commission on Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K, or such other similar form as may be designated by the Commission (except with respect to information on the Company’s website), (iii) copies of any financial statements or reports filed with any national securities exchange on which any class of securities of the Company is listed, and (iv) such other information as the Manager may reasonably request regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries, in each case as soon as such reports, communications, documents or information becomes available;

        (i)        To make generally available to its security holders, and to deliver to the Manager, an earnings statement of the Company (which will satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act) covering a period of twelve months beginning after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) of the Act) as soon as is reasonably practicable after the termination of such twelve-month period but not later than April 10, 2007.

        (j)        Whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, to pay all of its expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder, including, but not limited to, such costs, expenses, fees and taxes in connection with (i) the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement, each Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus, each Prospectus Supplement, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, and the printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Manager (including costs of mailing and shipment), (ii) the registration, issue, sale and delivery of the Shares, (iii) any power of attorney and any closing documents (including compilations thereof) and the reproduction and/or printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Manager (including costs of mailing and shipment), (iv) the qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under state laws and the determination of their eligibility for investment under state law as aforesaid (including the reasonable legal fees and filing fees and other disbursements of counsel for the Manager) and the printing and furnishing of copies of any blue sky surveys to the Manager, (v) the listing of the Shares on the NYSE and Nasdaq and any registration thereof under the Exchange Act, (vi) any filing for review of the public offering of the Shares by the NASD (including the reasonable legal fees and other reasonable disbursements of counsel for the Manager in connection with any such filing) and (vii) the fees and disbursements of the Company’s counsel and accountants. The Manager will pay its own out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with entering into this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, travel, reproduction, printing and similar expenses as well as the fees and disbursements of its legal counsel.

        (k)        To apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares in the manner set forth in the Prospectus.

        (l)        Not to sell, offer or agree to sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Common Stock or warrants or other rights to purchase Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially similar to Common Stock or permit the registration under the Act of any shares of Common Stock, except for (i) the registration of the Shares and the sales through the Manager pursuant to this Agreement or to the Manager pursuant to any Terms Agreement, (ii) sales of shares through any dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan of the Company and (iii) options granted and shares of Common Stock awarded pursuant to employee benefit and director compensation plans and shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of such outstanding options during the period from the date of this Agreement through the final Filing Date for the sale of Shares pursuant to Section 3(a) of this Agreement, without (a) giving the Manager at least three business days’ prior written notice specifying the nature of the proposed sale and the date of such proposed sale and (b) the Manager suspending activity under this program for such period of time as requested by the Company.

        (m)        Not, at any time at or after the execution of this Agreement, to offer or sell any Shares by means of any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act), or use any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares, in each case other than the Prospectus.

        (n)        To use its best efforts to cause the Common Stock to be listed on the NYSE and Nasdaq and to maintain such listing.

        (o)        At any time during the term of this Agreement, as supplemented from time to time, to advise the Manager immediately after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect any opinion, certificate, letter and other document provided to the Manager pursuant to Section 5 herein.

        (p)        Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement, and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be amended or supplemented (other than a Prospectus Supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act pursuant to Section 3(a) of this Agreement or relating solely to the offering of securities other than the Shares), (ii) there is filed with the Commission any document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus (other than a Current Report on Form 8-K, unless the Manager shall otherwise reasonably request), or (iii) the Shares are delivered to the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, to furnish or cause to be furnished to the Manager forthwith a certificate dated and delivered the date of effectiveness of such amendment, the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement or other document, or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be, in form satisfactory to the Manager to the effect that the statements contained in the certificate referred to in Section 5(e) of this Agreement which were last furnished to the Manager are true and correct at the time of such amendment, supplement, filing, or delivery, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such time (except that such statements shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such time) or, in lieu of such certificate, a certificate of the same tenor as the certificate referred to in said Section 5(e), modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such certificate.

        (q)        Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement, and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus is amended or supplemented (other than a Prospectus Supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act pursuant to Section 3(a) of this Agreement or relating solely to the offering of securities other than the Shares), (ii) there is filed with the Commission any document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus (other than a Current Report on Form 8-K, unless the Manager shall otherwise reasonably request), or (iii) the Shares are delivered to the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, to furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to the Manager and to counsel to the Manager a written opinion of Keating Muething and Klekamp PLL, counsel to the Company (“Company Counsel”), or other counsel satisfactory to the Manager, dated and delivered the date of effectiveness of such amendment, the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement or other document, or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be, in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager, of the same tenor as the opinions referred to in Section 5(c) of this Agreement, but modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such opinion.

        (r)        Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement, and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus is amended or supplemented (other than a Prospectus Supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act pursuant to Section 3(a) of this Agreement or relating solely to the offering of securities other than the Shares), (ii) there is filed with the Commission any document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus (other than a Current Report on Form 8-K, unless the Manager shall otherwise reasonably request), or (iii) the Shares are delivered to the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, Dewey Ballantine LLP, counsel to the Manager, shall deliver a letter, dated and delivered the date of effectiveness of such amendment, the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement or other document, or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be, in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager, of the same tenor as the letter referred to in Section 5(h) of this Agreement, but modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such letter.

        (s)        Upon commencement of the offering of the Shares under this Agreement, and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be amended or supplemented to include additional amended financial information, (ii) at the Manager’s oral or written request and upon reasonable advance oral or written notice to the Company, the Shares are delivered to the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, (iii) the Company shall file an annual report on Form 10-K or (iv) at the Manager’s request and upon reasonable advance notice to the Company, there is filed with the Commission any document (other than an annual report on Form 10-K) incorporated by reference into the Prospectus which contains additional amended financial information, to cause the accountants that certified the financial statements and supporting schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, or other independent accountants satisfactory to the Manager, forthwith to furnish the Manager a letter, dated the date of effectiveness of such amendment, the date of filing of such supplement or other document with the Commission, or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be, in form satisfactory to the Manager, of the same tenor as the letter referred to in Section 5(d) of this Agreement but modified to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter, provided however, that such letter shall not be required to be furnished to the Manager based on (x) the filing of a Form 10-Q containing financial information relating solely to a quarter in which Shares will not be sold pursuant to this Agreement or (y) the filing of any other document (other than an annual report on Form 10-K) incorporated by reference into the Prospectus which contains additional or amended financial information during a quarter in which Shares will not be sold pursuant to this Agreement.

        (t)        That it consents to the Manager trading in the Common Stock for the Manager’s own account and for the account of its clients at the same time as sales of Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement or pursuant to a Terms Agreement in accordance with applicable law.

        (u)        For three years from the date of this Agreement or of any Terms Agreement, to furnish to its stockholders within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, for so long as the Company shall not be required to file annual and periodic reports with the Commission under the Exchange Act, audited financial statements (including a balance sheet and statements of income, stockholders’ equity and of cash flow of the Company for such fiscal year), accompanied by a copy of the certificate or report thereon of nationally recognized independent registered public accountants.

        (v)        If to the knowledge of the Company, any condition set forth in Section 5(a) or 5(g) of this Agreement shall not have been satisfied on the applicable Settlement Date, to offer to any person who has agreed to purchase the Shares from the Company as the result of an offer to purchase solicited by the Manager the right to refuse to purchase and pay for such Shares.

        (w)        Not to at any time, directly or indirectly, take any action intended, or which might reasonably be expected, to cause or result in, or which will constitute, stabilization of the price of shares of Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares; and not invest in futures contracts, options on futures contracts or options on commodities, unless the Company is exempt from the registration requirements of the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (the “Commodity Act”), or otherwise complies with the Commodity Act. The Company will not engage in any activities bearing on the Commodity Act, unless such activities are exempt from the Commodity Act or otherwise comply with the Commodity Act.

        (x)        To disclose in its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and in its annual report on Form 10-K the number of Shares sold through the Manager under this Agreement, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation paid by the Company with respect to sales of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement during the relevant quarter.

        (y)        That each acceptance by the Company of an offer to purchase the Shares hereunder, and each execution and delivery by the Company of a Terms Agreement, shall be deemed to be an affirmation to the Manager that the representations and warranties of the Company contained in or made pursuant to this Agreement are true and correct as of the date of such acceptance or of such Terms Agreement as though made at and as of such date, and an undertaking that such representations and warranties will be true and correct as of the Settlement Date for the Shares relating to such acceptance or as of the Time of Delivery relating to such sale, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such date (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented relating to such Shares).

        SECTION 5.    Conditions of Manager’s Obligations. The obligations of the Manager hereunder and under any Terms Agreement are subject to (i) the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company on the date hereof, any applicable date referred to in Section 4(p) of this Agreement, the date of any executed Terms Agreement and as of each Settlement Date and Time of Delivery, (ii) the performance by the Company of the Company’s obligations hereunder and (iii) to the following additional conditions precedent:

        (a)        (i)No stop order with respect to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the Act or proceedings initiated under Section 8(d) or 8(e) of the Act, and no order directed at or in relation to any document incorporated by reference therein and no order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and no suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or to the knowledge of the Company or the Manager of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes, has occurred; (ii) the Registration Statement and all amendments thereto, or modifications thereof, if any, shall not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (iii) none of the Basic Prospectus or the Prospectus, and no amendment or supplement thereto, shall include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; (iv) no Basic Prospectus or Basic Prospectus, together with any combination of one or more of the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, and no amendment or supplement thereto, shall include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; and (v) none of the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, shall include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.

        (b)        No material and unfavorable change, financial or otherwise (other than as referred to in the Registration Statement and Prospectus), in the business, condition or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole shall occur or become known and no transaction which is material and unfavorable to the Company (other than as referred to in the Registration Statement and Prospectus) shall have been entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

        (c)        The Company shall furnish to the Manager, at every date specified in Section 4(q) of this Agreement, an opinion of Company Counsel, addressed to the Manager, and dated as of such date, and in form satisfactory to the Manager, stating that:

        (i)        The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Ohio;

        (ii)        The Company has power and authority (corporate and other) to own, lease and operate its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and any Terms Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing (or the local law equivalent) in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of business, requires such qualification except where the failure to so qualify will not, individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect;

        (iii)        Each Subsidiary has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing (or local law equivalent) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto and is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in good standing (or local law equivalent) in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification; except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free from liens, encumbrances and defects; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary;

        (iv)        The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the financial statements, including the schedules and notes thereto, included in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto. The Shares and all other shares of issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. The description of the Common Stock in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto is complete and accurate in all material respects. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto, there are no options to purchase, or any rights or warrants to subscribe for, or any securities or obligations convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for, or any contracts, commitments, plans or arrangements to issue or sell, any shares of capital stock of the Company, any shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary or any such warrants, convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities or obligations. The descriptions of the Company’s stock option and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted and exercised thereunder, set forth or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto, accurately present the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights;

        (v)        The Shares have been duly authorized for listing by NYSE and Nasdaq upon official notice of issuance;

        (vi)        To such counsel’s knowledge, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus, no person or entity has the right to require the registration under the Act of shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company by reason of the filing or effectiveness of the Registration Statement;

        (vii)        To such counsel’s knowledge, none of the Subsidiaries is in violation of its articles of incorporation or by-laws (or similar corporate documents);

        (viii)        All descriptions in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, as such descriptions have been updated by descriptions in the Prospectus Supplement or incorporated by reference therein, of statutes, regulations or legal or governmental proceedings to the extent that they constitute matters of law or legal conclusions, are accurate in all material respects and present in all material respects the information required to be shown by the Act and the Exchange Act including those contained in the Prospectus under the caption “Federal Income Tax Considerations”;

        (ix)        This Agreement and any Terms Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company;

        (x)        The Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules and notes included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which such counsel need express no opinion), comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act (including, in the case of the Prospectus, Section 10(a) of the Act); the conditions to the use of Form S-3 in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated by the Agreement have been satisfied; the Registration Statement meets, and the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated by the Agreement complies with, the requirements of Rule 415 under the Act (including, without limitation, Rule 415(a)(5)); and each Incorporated Document (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules and notes included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which such counsel need express no opinion), at the time such document was filed with the Commission or at the time such document became effective, as applicable, complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act;

        (xi)        To such counsel’s knowledge, (i) the Company is not an “ineligible issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) as of the eligibility determination date for purposes of Rules 164 and 433 under the Act with respect to the offering of the Shares contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (ii) the Registration Statement constitutes an “automatic shelf registration statement” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act);

        (xii)        The Registration Statement has become effective under the Act and, to such counsel’s knowledge, no stop order proceedings with respect thereto are pending or threatened under the Act, and any required filing of the Prospectus and any supplement thereto pursuant to Rule 424 or Rule 430B under the Act has been made in the manner and within the time period required by such Rule 424 and in compliance with Rule 430B under the Act;

        (xiii)        To the best of such counsel’s knowledge after reasonable investigation, there is not pending or threatened any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party, or to which the property of either of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or which would reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the properties or assets thereof or the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, any Terms Agreement or the performance by the Company of its obligations thereunder;

        (xiv)        The information in the Prospectus, to the extent that it constitutes matters of law, summaries of legal matters, the Company’s articles of incorporation and code of regulations or legal proceedings, or legal conclusions, has been reviewed by such counsel and is correct in all material respects;

        (xv)        All descriptions in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto of contracts and other documents to which the Company or its subsidiaries are a party are accurate in all material respects; to the best of such counsel’s knowledge, there are no franchises, contracts, indentures, mortgages, loan agreements, notes, leases or other instruments required to be described or referred to in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement other than those described or referred to therein or filed or incorporated by reference as exhibits thereto;

        (xvi)        No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign (other than under the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, which have been obtained, or as may be required under the securities or blue sky laws of the various states as to which such counsel need express no opinion) is necessary or required in connection with the due authorization, execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the due authorization, execution, delivery or performance of the Terms Agreement by the Company or for the offering, issuance, sale or delivery of the Shares;

        (xvii)        The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, any Terms Agreement and the Shares and any other agreement or instrument entered into or issued or to be entered into or issued by the Company in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Shares and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto) and compliance by the Company with its obligations under this Agreement, any Terms Agreement and the Shares and such other agreements or instruments do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event under or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or any other agreement or instrument, known to such counsel, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject (except for such conflicts, breaches, defaults or Repayment Events or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not have a Material Adverse Effect), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the articles of incorporation or code of regulations (or similar corporate documents) of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any judgment, order, writ or decree, known to such counsel, of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of its respective properties, assets or operations or any applicable law, statute, rule or regulation;

        (xviii)        The Company is not required, and upon the issuance and sale of the Shares as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectus will not be required, to register as an “investment company” under the 1940 Act;

        (xix)        Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, and if operated in the manner described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto, will not be a “broker” within the meaning of Section 3(a)(4) of the Exchange Act or a “dealer” within the meaning of Section 3(a)(5) of the Exchange Act or required to be registered pursuant to Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act;

        (xx)        To the knowledge of such counsel (after reasonable investigation), each Insurance Subsidiary holds such insurance licenses, certificates and permits from governmental authorities (including, without limitation, Insurance Licenses) as are necessary to the conduct of its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto; to the knowledge of such counsel, there is no pending or threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation that could reasonably be expected to result in the revocation, termination or suspension of any Insurance License which would have a Material Adverse Effect; and except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion in an annex thereto, to the knowledge of such counsel (after reasonable investigation), no insurance regulatory agency or body has issued, or commenced any proceeding for the issuance of, any order or decree impairing, restricting or prohibiting the payment of dividends by any Insurance Subsidiary to its parent;

        (xxi)        To the knowledge of such counsel (after reasonable investigation), all reinsurance treaties and arrangements to which any Insurance Subsidiary is a party are in full force and effect, and other than with respect to a single reinsurance dispute involving one of the Insurance Subsidiaries which could be in an amount of up to $5,000,000, such counsel is not aware of any violation of, or default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of, any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained therein by any Insurance Subsidiary.

        Such counsel shall also state that nothing has come to its attention that would lead it to believe that (i) the Registration Statement, at the time it became effective or as of any Settlement Date, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Prospectus, as of the date of the Prospectus, as of the date of such opinion or as of any Settlement Date, included or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (iii) the Basic Prospectus, as of its date, the date of this Agreement, the date of such opinion or as of any Settlement Date, in each case together with any combination of one or more of the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such opinion as an annex thereto and with the information relating to the public offering price of the Shares as set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus, included or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (it being understood that such counsel need express no opinion in this paragraph with respect financial statements and schedules and notes thereto and other financial data included or incorporated by reference in or omitted from the Registration Statement, Basic Prospectus, Prospectus or the Permitted Free Writing Prospectus).

        In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact (but not as to legal conclusions), to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials. Such opinion shall not state that it is to be governed or qualified by, or that it is otherwise subject to, any treatise, written policy or other document relating to legal opinions, including, without limitation, the Legal Opinion Accord of the ABA Section of Business Law (1991).

        (d)        At the times specified in Section 4(s) of this Agreement, the Manager shall have received from the accounting firm that certified the financial statements and supporting schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus letters dated the date of delivery thereof and addressed to the Manager in form and substance substantially in the form (unless otherwise mutually agreed) as the Company has delivered to the underwriters in its most recently completed public offering of securities, but in any case reasonably satisfactory to the Manager.

        (e)        The Company shall have delivered to the Manager a certificate, (i) dated as of and delivered on each Filing Date and (ii) dated as of and delivered on the Time of Delivery pursuant to any Terms Agreement, (each, a “Certificate Date”), of two of its executive officers to the effect that (i) the representations and warranties of the Company as set forth in this Agreement are true and correct as of the Certificate Date, (ii) the Company has performed such of its obligations under this Agreement as are to be performed at or before each such Certificate Date, and (ii) the conditions set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of Section 5 have been met.

        In addition, on each Certificate Date, the certificate shall also state that the Shares to be sold on that date have been duly and validly authorized by the Company and that all corporate action required to be taken for the authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares on that date has been validly and sufficiently taken.

        (f)        All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424 under the Act to have been filed by the Settlement Date or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be, shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424.

        (g)        The Shares shall have been approved for listing on the NYSE and Nasdaq, subject only to notice of issuance at or prior to the Settlement Date or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be.

        (h)        Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement, and each time that (i) the Registration Statement or the Prospectus is amended or supplemented (other than a Prospectus Supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act pursuant to Section 3(a) of this Agreement or relating solely to the offering of securities other than the Shares), (ii) there is filed with the Commission any document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus (other than a Current Report on Form 8-K, unless the Manager shall otherwise reasonably request), or (iii) Shares are delivered to the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Manager shall receive a letter from Dewey Ballantine LLP, counsel to the Manager, dated and delivered the date of effectiveness of such amendment, the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement or other document, or the Time of Delivery, as the case may be, which letter shall state that nothing has come to such counsel’s attention to lead it to believe that (i) the Registration Statement, at the time it became effective or as of any Settlement Date, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) the Prospectus, as of the date of the Prospectus, as of the date of such letter or as of any Settlement Date, included or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (iii) the Basic Prospectus, as of its date, the date of this Agreement, the date of such letter or as of any Settlement Date, in each case together with any combination of one or more of the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses attached to such letter as an annex thereto and with the information relating to the public offering price of the Shares as set forth on the cover page of the Prospectus, included or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (it being understood that such counsel need make no statement with respect to financial statements and schedules and notes thereto and other financial data included or incorporated by reference in or omitted from the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus).

        In rendering such letter, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact (but not as to legal conclusions), to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials. Such letter shall not state that it is to be governed or qualified by, or that it is otherwise subject to, any treatise, written policy or other document relating to legal opinions, including, without limitation, the Legal Opinion Accord of the ABA Section of Business Law (1991).

        SECTION 6.    Indemnification and Contribution.

        (a)        The Company agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Manager, its partners, directors and officers, and any person who controls the Manager within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and the successors and assigns of all of the foregoing persons, from and against any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (including the reasonable cost of investigation) which the Manager or any such person may incur under the Act, the Exchange Act, the common law or otherwise, insofar as such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or in the Registration Statement as amended by any post-effective amendment thereof by the Company) or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as any such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Manager to the Company expressly for use in, the Registration Statement or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in the Registration Statement in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was required to be stated in such Registration Statement or was necessary to make such information not misleading or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any Prospectus (the term Prospectus for the purpose of this Section 6 being deemed to include any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements to the foregoing), in any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, in any “issuer information” (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act) of the Company or in any Prospectus together with any combination of one or more of the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except, with respect to such Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, insofar as any such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Manager to the Company expressly for use in, such Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in such Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was necessary in order to make the statements in such information, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

        If any action, suit or proceeding (together, a “Proceeding”) is brought against the Manager or any such person in respect of which indemnity may be sought against the Company pursuant to the foregoing paragraph, the Manager or such person shall promptly notify the indemnifying party in writing of the institution of such Proceeding and the Company shall assume the defense of such Proceeding, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party and payment of all fees and expenses; provided, however, that the omission to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company from any liability which the Company may have to the Manager or any such person or otherwise except to the extent the Company was materially prejudiced by such omission. The Manager or such person shall have the right to employ its or their own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of the Manager or of such person unless the employment of such counsel shall have been authorized in writing by the Company in connection with the defense of such Proceeding or the Company shall not have, within a reasonable period of time in light of the circumstances, employed counsel to have charge of the defense of such Proceeding or such indemnified party or parties shall have reasonably concluded that there may be defenses available to it or them which are different from, additional to or in conflict with those available to the Company (in which case the Company shall not have the right to direct the defense of such Proceeding on behalf of the indemnified party or parties), in any of which events such fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company, and paid as incurred (it being understood, however, that the Company shall not be liable for the expenses of more than one separate counsel (in addition to any local counsel) in any one Proceeding or series of related Proceedings in the same jurisdiction representing the indemnified parties who are parties to such Proceeding). The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any Proceeding effected without its written consent but if settled with the written consent of the Company, the Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Manager and any such person from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested the Company to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second sentence of this paragraph, then the Company agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any Proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 60 business days after receipt by the Company of the aforesaid request, (ii) the Company shall not have reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement and (iii) such indemnified party shall have given the indemnifying party at least 30 days’ prior notice of its intention to settle. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened Proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is or may be a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such Proceeding and does not include an admission of fault or culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of such indemnified party. (b) The Manager agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, its directors and officers, and any person who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and the successors and assigns of all of the foregoing persons, from and against any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (including the reasonable cost of investigation) which, jointly or severally, the Company or any such person may incur under the Act, the Exchange Act, the common law or otherwise, insofar as such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in and, in conformity with information furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Manager to the Company expressly for use with reference to the Manager in the Registration Statement (or in the Registration Statement as amended by any post-effective amendment thereof by the Company), or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in such Registration Statement in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was required to be stated in such Registration Statement or was necessary to make such information not misleading or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Manager to the Company expressly for use in, a Prospectus or a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in such Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was necessary in order to make the statements in such information, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

        If any Proceeding is brought against the Company or any such person in respect of which indemnity may be sought against the Manager pursuant to the foregoing paragraph, the Company or such person shall promptly notify the Manager in writing of the institution of such Proceeding and the Manager shall assume the defense of such Proceeding, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party and payment of all fees and expenses; provided, however, that the omission to so notify the Manager shall not relieve the Manager from any liability which the Manager may have to the Company or any such person or otherwise except to the extent that the Manager was materially prejudiced by such omission. The Company or such person shall have the right to employ its own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of the Company or such person unless the employment of such counsel shall have been authorized in writing by the Manager in connection with the defense of such Proceeding or the Manager shall not have, within a reasonable period of time in light of the circumstances, employed counsel to have charge of the defense of such Proceeding or such indemnified party or parties shall have reasonably concluded that there may be defenses available to it or them which are different from or additional to or in conflict with those available to the Manager (in which case the Manager shall not have the right to direct the defense of such Proceeding on behalf of the indemnified party or parties, but the Manager may employ counsel and participate in the defense thereof but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of the Manager), in any of which events such fees and expenses shall be borne by the Manager and paid as incurred (it being understood, however, that the Manager shall not be liable for the expenses of more than one separate counsel (in addition to any local counsel) in any one Proceeding or series of related Proceedings in the same jurisdiction representing the indemnified parties who are parties to such Proceeding). The Manager shall not be liable for any settlement of any such Proceeding effected without the written consent of the Manager but if settled with the written consent of the Manager, the Manager agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and any such person from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested the Manager to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second sentence of this paragraph, then the Manager agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any Proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 60 business days after receipt by the Manager of the aforesaid request, (ii) the Manager shall not have reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement and (iii) such indemnified party shall have given the Manager at least 30 days’ prior notice of its intention to settle. The Manager shall not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened Proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such Proceeding.

        (c)        If the indemnification provided for in this Section 6 is unavailable to an indemnified party under subsections (a) and (b) of this Section 6 or insufficient to hold an indemnified party harmless in respect of any losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims referred to therein, then each applicable indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Manager, on the other hand, from the offering of the Shares or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and of the Manager, on the other, in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Manager, on the other, shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total compensation (before deducting expenses) received by the Manager from the sale of Shares on behalf of the Company or as principal. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and of the Manager, on the other, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Manager and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses, damages, expenses, liabilities and claims referred to in this subsection shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending any Proceeding.

        (d)        The Company and the Manager agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 6 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in subsection (c) above. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 6, the Manager shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of commissions received by it under the Agreement or any amount by which the total price at which the Shares sold by the Manager exceeds the amount of any damage which the Manager has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

        The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 6 and the covenants, warranties and representations of the Company contained in this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Manager, its partners, directors or officers or any person (including each partner, officer or director of such person) who controls the Manager within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, or by or on behalf of the Company, its directors or officers or any person who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and shall survive any termination of this Agreement or the issuance and delivery of the Shares. The Company and the Manager agree promptly to notify each other of the commencement of any Proceeding against it and, in the case of the Company, against any of the Company’s officers or directors in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares, or in connection with the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.

        SECTION 7.    Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery. All representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto or any Terms Agreement, and the agreements of the Manager contained in Section 6 of this Agreement, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Manager or any controlling persons, or the Company (or any of the Company’s officers, directors or controlling persons), and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Shares.

        SECTION 8.    Termination.

        (a)        The Company shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate the provisions of this Agreement relating to the solicitation of offers to purchase Shares in its sole discretion at any time. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that (i) if Shares have been sold through the Manager for the Company, then Section 4(i) and 4(m) shall remain in full force and effect, (ii) with respect to any pending sale, through the Manager for the Company, the obligations of the Company, including in respect of compensation of the Manager, shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the termination and (iii) the provisions of Section 4(i), Section 6 and Section 7 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.

        (b)        The Manager shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate the provisions of this Agreement relating to the solicitation of offers to purchase Shares in its sole discretion at any time. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 4(i), Section 6 and Section 7 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.

        (c)        This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Sections 8(a) or (b) above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; provided that any termination effected by this paragraph shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 4(i), Section 6 and Section 7 shall remain in full force and effect.

        (d)        Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Manager or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Shares, such sale shall settle in accordance with the provisions of Section 3(a)(vi) of this Agreement.

        (e)        In the case of any purchase by the Manager pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the obligations of the Manager pursuant to such Terms Agreement shall be subject to termination in the absolute discretion of the Manager, if, since the time of execution of the Terms Agreement or the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectuses, the Prospectus and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses there shall have occurred a downgrading in the any rating assigned to any securities of the Company or the financial strength of the Company or any Subsidiaries or any Insurance Subsidiary’s claims paying ability or similar rating by any “nationally recognized statistical rating agency”, as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Act, or the financial strength or claims paying ability of any Insurance Subsidiary by A.M. Best Company, or such securities rating agency shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any securities of the Company or the financial strength or claims paying ability of any Subsidiary or Insurance Subsidiary or, if at any time prior to the Time of Delivery, trading in securities generally on the NYSE or the Nasdaq National Market shall have been suspended or limitations or minimum prices shall have been established on the NYSE or the Nasdaq National Market, or trading of any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market shall have been suspended or limitations or minimum prices on any securities of the Company shall have been established; or if a banking moratorium shall have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities, or if the United States shall have declared war in accordance with its constitutional processes or there shall have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity or crisis of such magnitude in its effect on the financial markets of the United States as, in the Manager’s judgment, to make it impracticable to market the Shares. If the Manager elects to terminate its obligations pursuant to this Section 8(e), the Company shall be notified promptly in writing.

        SECTION 9.    Notices. Except as otherwise herein provided, all statements, requests, notices and agreements under this Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall be in writing and delivered by hand, overnight courier, mail or facsimile and, if to the Manager, shall be sufficient in all respects if delivered or sent to UBS Securities LLC, 299 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10171-0026, Attention: Syndicate Department, Fax No. (212) 821-6186, with a copy for information purposes to UBS Securities LLC, 677 Washington Blvd., Stamford, CT, 06901, Attention: Legal and Compliance Department, Fax No. (203) 719-0680; or, if to the Company, it shall be sufficient in all respects if delivered or sent to the Company at the offices of the Company at, One East Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, Attention: Keith A. Jensen, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Fax No. (513) 369-5750). Each party to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose.

        SECTION 10.    Parties. The Agreement herein set forth and any Terms Agreement have been and are made solely for the benefit of the Manager and the Company and to the extent provided in Section 6 of this Agreement the controlling persons, directors and officers referred to in such section, and their respective successors, assigns, heirs, personal representatives and executors and administrators. No other person, partnership, association or corporation (including a purchaser, as such purchaser, from any of the Manager) shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement and any Terms Agreement.

        SECTION 11.    No Fiduciary Relationship. The Company hereby acknowledges that the Manager is acting solely as sales agent and/or principal in connection with the purchase and sale of the Company’s securities. The Company further acknowledges that the Manager is acting pursuant to a contractual relationship created solely by this Agreement entered into on an arm’s length basis, and in no event do the parties intend that the Manager act or be responsible as a fiduciary to the Company, its management, stockholders or creditors or any other person in connection with any activity that the Manager may undertake or have undertaken in furtherance of the purchase and sale of the Company’s securities, either before or after the date hereof. The Manager hereby expressly disclaims any fiduciary or similar obligations to the Company, either in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any matters leading up to such transactions, and the Company hereby confirms its understanding and agreement to that effect. The Company and the Manager agree that they are each responsible for making their own independent judgments with respect to any such transactions and that any opinions or views expressed by the Manager to the Company regarding such transactions, including, but not limited to, any opinions or views with respect to the price or market for the Company’s securities, do not constitute advice or recommendations to the Company. The Company hereby waives and releases, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that the Company may have against the Manager with respect to any breach or alleged breach of any fiduciary or similar duty to the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any matters leading up to such transactions.

        SECTION 12.    Adjustments for Stock Splits. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share related numbers contained in this Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any stock split effected with respect to the Shares.

        SECTION 13.    Entire Agreement. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement constitute the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. SECTION 14. Counterparts. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be signed by the parties in one or more counterparts which together shall constitute one and the same agreement among the parties.

        SECTION 15.    Applicable Law. This Agreement, any Terms Agreement and any claim, counterclaim or dispute of any kind or nature whatsoever arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement (“Claim”), directly or indirectly, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts entered into and to be performed within such state without regard to conflicts of law principles.

        SECTION 16.    Headings. The Section headings in this Agreement and any Terms Agreement have been inserted as a matter of convenience of reference and are not a part of this Agreement or any Terms Agreement.

        SECTION 17.    Submission to Jurisdiction. Except as set forth below, no Claim may be commenced, prosecuted or continued in any court other than the courts of the State of New York located in the City and County of New York or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, which courts shall have jurisdiction over the adjudication of such matters, and the Company consents to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts and personal service with respect thereto. The Company hereby consents to personal jurisdiction, service and venue in any court in which any Claim arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement is brought by any third party against the Manager or any indemnified party. The Manager and the Company (in the case of the Company, on the Company’s behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of the Company’s stockholders and affiliates) waives all right to trial by jury in any action, proceeding or counterclaim (whether based upon contract, tort or otherwise) in any way arising out of or relating to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement. The Company agrees that a final, non-appealable judgment in any such action, proceeding or counterclaim brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Company and may be enforced in any other courts in the jurisdiction of which the Company is or may be subject, by suit upon such judgment.

        SECTION 18.    Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Manager and the Company and their successors and assigns and any successor or assign of any substantial portion of the Company’s and the Manager’s respective businesses and/or assets.

        SECTION 19.    Miscellaneous. The Manager, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of UBS AG, is not a bank and is separate from any affiliated bank, including any U.S. branch or agency of UBS AG. Because the Manager is a separately incorporated entity, it is solely responsible for its own contractual obligations and commitments, including obligations with respect to sales and purchases of securities. Securities sold, offered or recommended by the Manager are not deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, are not guaranteed by a branch or agency, and are not otherwise an obligation or responsibility of a branch or agency.

        A lending affiliate of the Manager may have lending relationships with issuers of securities underwritten or privately placed by the Manager. To the extent required under the securities laws, prospectuses and other disclosure documents for securities underwritten or privately placed by the Manager will disclose the existence of any such lending relationships and whether the proceeds of the issue will be used to repay debts owed to affiliates of the Manager.

        If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and the Manager, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this Agreement and your acceptance shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and the Manager. Alternatively, the execution of this Agreement by the Company and its acceptance by or on behalf of the Manager may be evidenced by an exchange of telegraphic or other written communications.

Very truly yours,

AMERICAN FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.


BY:
      ——————————————
      Name:
      Title:

ACCEPTED as of the date
first above written

UBS SECURITIES LLC



By:
      ——————————————
      Name:
      Title:

UBS SECURITIES LLC



By:
      ——————————————
      Name:
      Title:

AMERICAN FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.

Common Stock

TERMS AGREEMENT

______, 2006

UBS SECURITIES LLC
299 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10171

Dear Sirs:

        American Financial Group, Inc. (the “Company”) proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein and in the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement, dated [date], 2006 (the “Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement”), among the Company and UBS Securities LLC, to issue and sell to UBS Securities LLC the securities specified in the Schedule hereto (the “Purchased Securities”).

        Each of the provisions of the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement not specifically related to the solicitation by UBS Securities LLC, as agent of the Company, of offers to purchase securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this Terms Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein. Each of the representations and warranties set forth therein shall be deemed to have been made at and as of the date of this Terms Agreement [and] [,] the Time of Delivery, except that each representation and warranty in Section 2 of the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement which makes reference to the Prospectus (as therein defined) shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty as of the date of the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement in relation to the Prospectus, and also a representation and warranty as of the date of this Terms Agreement [and] [,] the Time of Delivery in relation to the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to relate to the Purchased Securities.

        An amendment to the Registration Statement (as defined in the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement), or a supplement to the Prospectus, as the case may be, relating to the Purchased Securities, in the form heretofore delivered to the Manager is now proposed to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

        Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement which are incorporated herein by reference, the Company agrees to issue and sell to UBS Securities LLC and the latter agrees to purchase from the Company the number of shares of the Purchased Securities at the time and place and at the purchase price set forth in the Schedule hereto.

        If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us a counterpart hereof, whereupon this Terms Agreement, including those provisions of the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement incorporated herein by reference, shall constitute a binding agreement between the Manager and the Company.

AMERICAN FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.


BY:
      ——————————————
      Name:
      Title:

ACCEPTED as of the date
first above written

UBS SECURITIES LLC



By:
      ——————————————
      Name:
      Title:

UBS SECURITIES LLC



By:
      ——————————————
      Name:
      Title:

Title of Purchased Securities:

         Common Stock, no par value

Number of Shares of Purchased Securities:

[Price to Public:]

Purchase Price by UBS Securities LLC:

Method of and Specified Funds for Payment of Purchase Price:

By wire transfer to a bank account specified by the Company in same day funds.

Method of Delivery:

Free delivery of Shares to the Manager’s account at the Depository Trust Company in return for payment of the purchase price.

Time of Delivery:

Closing Location:

Documents to be Delivered:

The following documents referred to in the Amended and Restated Equity Distribution Agreement shall be delivered as a condition to the Closing:

(1)         The officers’ certificate referred to in Section 4(p).

(2)         The opinion referred to in Section 4(q).

(3)         The accountants’ letter referred to in Section 4(s).

(4)         Such other documents as the Manager shall reasonably request.

SCHEDULE A

PERMITTED FREE WRITING PROSPECTUSES

SCHEDULE B

List of Subsidiaries

The following is a list of Subsidiaries of the Company at December 31, 2005. All corporations are subsidiaries of the Company and, if indented, subsidiaries of the company under which they are listed.

Name of Company	Incorporated	Percentage of Ownership
American Money Management Corporation	Ohio	100
APU Holding Company	Ohio	100
American Premier Underwriters, Inc.	Pennsylvania	100
Premier Lease & Loan Services Insurance Agency, Inc.	Washington	100
Premier Lease & Loan Services of Canada, Inc.	Washington	100
Republic Indemnity Company of America	California	100
Republic Indemnity Company of California	California	100
Great American Holding, Inc.	Ohio	100
American Empire Surplus Lines Insurance Company	Delaware	100
American Empire Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Mid-Continent Casualty Company	Oklahoma	100
Mid-Continent Insurance Company	Oklahoma	100
Oklahoma Surety Company	Oklahoma	100
Great American Insurance Company	Ohio	100
AFC Coal Properties, Inc.	Ohio	100
Brothers Property Corporation	Ohio	80
Farmers Crop Insurance Alliance, Inc.	Kansas	100
GAI Warranty Company	Ohio	100
GAI Warranty Company of Florida	Florida	100
Great American Alliance Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Great American Assurance Company	Ohio	100
Great American Contemporary Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Great American Custom Insurance Services, Inc.	Ohio	100
Professional Risk Brokers, Inc.	Illinois	100
Great American E&S Insurance Company	Delaware	100
Great American Fidelity Insurance Company	Delaware	100
Great American Financial Resources, Inc.	Delaware	82
AAG Holding Company, Inc.	Ohio	100
American Annuity Group Capital Trust II	Delaware	100
Great American Life Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Annuity Investors Life Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Loyal American Holding Corporation	Ohio	100
Loyal American Life Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Manhattan National Life Insurance Company	Illinois	100
United Teacher Associates Insurance Company	Texas	100
Great American Life Assurance Company of Puerto Rico, Inc.	Puerto Rico	100	(a)
Great American Insurance Company of New York	New York	100
Great American Management Services, Inc.	Ohio	100
Great American Protection Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Great American Security Insurance Company	Ohio	100
Great American Spirit Insurance Company	Ohio	100
National Interstate Corporation	Ohio	54
National Interstate Insurance Company	Ohio	100
National Interstate Insurance Company of Hawaii, Inc.	Hawaii	100
National Interstate Capital Trust I	Delaware	100
Worldwide Casualty Insurance Company	Ohio	100

(a)    Sold in January 2006.