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NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position of SilverSun Technologies, Inc. as of September 30, 2016, the results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.  These results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC) and consequently have been condensed and do not include all of the disclosures normally made in an Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The December 31, 2015 balance sheet included herein was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K. Accordingly, the financial statements included herein should be reviewed in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 30, 2016.

On February 4, 2015 the Company effected a 1-for-30 reverse stock split of the outstanding common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”) whereby every thirty (30) shares of outstanding common stock decreased to one (1) share of common stock. Similarly, the number of shares of common stock, par value $0.00001 (“Common Stock”) into which each outstanding option and warrant to purchase common stock is to be exercisable decreased on a 1-for-30 basis and the exercise price of each outstanding option and warrant to purchase common stock increased proportionately. The impact of this Reverse Stock Split has been retroactively applied to the financial statements and the related notes.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies than those previously disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SilverSun and its subsidiary SWK, which is wholly owned. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of acquisition cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired.  Goodwill is not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or whenever indicators of impairment exist. These indicators may include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, sale or disposition of a significant portion of the business or other factors. No impairment losses were identified or recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.

Definite Lived Intangible Assets and Long-lived Assets

The purchased intangible assets are recorded at fair value using an independent valuation at the date of acquisition and are amortized over the useful lives of the asset using the straight-line amortization method. 

The Company assesses potential impairment of its intangible assets and other long-lived assets when there is evidence that recent events or changes in circumstances have made recovery of an asset’s carrying value unlikely. Factors the Company considers important, which may cause impairment include, among others, significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired asset, negative industry or economic trends, and significant underperformance relative to historical or projected operating results. No impairment losses were identified or recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when products are shipped, or services are rendered, evidence of a contract exists, the price is fixed or reasonably determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

Product Revenue

Software product revenue is recognized when the product is shipped to the customer. The Company treats the software component and the professional services consulting component as two separate arrangements that represent separate units of accounting. Consideration is allocated to each unit of accounting based upon that unit’s proportion of the fair value.  In a situation where both components are present, software sales revenue is recognized when collectability is reasonably assured and the product is delivered and has stand-alone value based upon vendor specific objective evidence.

Service Revenue

Service revenue is comprised of primarily professional service consulting revenue, maintenance revenue and other ancillary services provided. Professional service revenue is recognized as service time is incurred.

With respect to maintenance services, upon the completion of one year from the date of sale, the Company offers customers an optional annual software maintenance and support agreement for subsequent periods not exceeding one year. Maintenance and support agreements are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized over the respective terms of the agreements, which typically range from three months to one year and are included in services revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are classified as revenue, and the shipping and handling costs incurred are included in cost of sales.

Unbilled Services

The Company recognizes revenue on its professional services as those services are performed or certain obligations are met. Unbilled services represent the revenue recognized but not yet invoiced. 

Deferred Revenues 

Deferred revenues consist of maintenance service, customer support services, including telephone support and deposits for future consulting services which will be earned as services are performed over the contractual or stated period, which generally ranges from three to twelve months.

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to federally insured limits. At times balances may exceed FDIC insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Concentrations 

The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with various institutions, which exceed federally insured limits throughout the year.  At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had cash on deposit of approximately $1,174,469 and $895,727 respectively in excess of the federally insured limits of $250,000.

As of September 30, 2016, no one customer represented more than 10% of the total accounts receivable and unbilled services.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, our top ten customers accounted for 20% ($5,148,867) and 17% ($3,250,700), respectively, of our total revenues.  The Company does not rely on any one specific customer for any significant portion of our revenue. 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, purchases from one supplier through a “channel partner” agreement were approximately 24% and 24% of cost of revenues, respectively.  This channel partner agreement is for a one year term and automatically renews for an additional one year term on the anniversary of the agreements effective date.

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, one supplier represented approximately 39% and 33% of total accounts payable respectively.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of trade accounts receivable and cash and cash equivalents.  As of September 30, 2016 the Company believes it has no significant risk related to its concentration of accounts receivable.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist primarily of invoices for maintenance and professional services. Full payment for software ordered by customers is due in advance of ordering from the software supplier. Payments for maintenance and support plan renewals are due before the beginning of the maintenance period. Terms under our professional service agreements are generally 50% due in advance and the balance on completion of the services. 

The Company maintains an allowance for bad debt estimated by considering a number of factors, including the length of time the amounts are past due, the Company’s previous loss history and the customer’s current ability to pay its obligations.  

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to seven years.  Maintenance and repairs that do not materially add to the value of the equipment nor appreciably prolong its life are charged to expense as incurred.

When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is included in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes reflects the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as net operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as current or non-current based on the classification of the related assets or liabilities for financial reporting, or according to the expected reversal dates of the specific temporary differences, if not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting. Valuation allowances are established against deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates or laws is recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company has federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards which are subject to limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions. Tax years 2013 to 2016 remain open to examination for both the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions.

There were no liabilities for uncertain tax positions at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Fair Value Measurement

The accounting standards define fair value and establish a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use on unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.

Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.

The Company’s current financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to their short term nature and include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities.  The carrying value of longer term lease, contingent consideration and debt obligations approximate fair value as their stated interest rates approximate the rates currently available.

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation expense related to share-based transactions, including employee stock options, is measured and recognized in the financial statements based on a determination of the fair value. The grant date fair value is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”) pricing model. For employee stock options, the Company recognizes expense over the requisite service period on a straight-line basis (generally the vesting period of the equity grant). The Company’s option pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility, expected term, and forfeiture rate. Any changes in these subjective assumptions may significantly impact stock-based compensation expense.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheets by recognizing a lessee’s rights and obligations, while expenses will continue to be recognized in a similar manner to today’s legacy lease accounting guidance. This ASU could also significantly affect the financial ratios used for external reporting and other purposes, such as debt covenant compliance.  This ASU will be effective for us on January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently in the process of assessing the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which includes multiple provisions intended to simplify various aspects of the accounting for share-based payments, including treatment of excess tax benefits and forfeitures, as well as consideration of minimum statutory tax withholding requirements. The ASU will take effect for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016, with early application permitted in any interim or annual period. The Company is evaluating the future impact of this ASU on the consolidated financial statements.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying performance obligations and licensing, to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the guidance on identifying promised goods or services around identifying performance obligations and implementation guidance on determining whether an entity’s promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The Company has not yet selected a transition method nor have they determined the effect of the standard on our consolidated financial statements.

No other recently issued accounting pronouncements had or are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.