10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 0-51813

 

LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	52-2209244
(State or Other Jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)	Identification No.)
6931 Arlington Road, Suite 460, Bethesda, MD	20814
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(202) 467-6868

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, If Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value	LQDT	Nasdaq

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of August 5, 2024, was 30,532,399.

INDEX
		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	30
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	30
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	31
Item 5.	Other Information	32
Item 6.	Exhibits	33
SIGNATURES		34

2

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Par Value)

	June 30, 2024			September 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	130,312		$	110,281
Short-term investments		6,486			7,891
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,710 and $1,424		8,823			7,848
Inventory, net		13,275			11,116
Prepaid taxes and tax refund receivable		1,650			1,783
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		12,679			7,349
Total current assets		173,225			146,268
Property and equipment, net		17,047			17,156
Operating lease assets		13,289			9,888
Intangible assets, net		14,860			12,457
Goodwill		97,565			89,388
Deferred tax assets		2,733			7,050
Other assets		6,819			6,762
Total assets	$	325,538		$	288,970
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	40,877		$	39,115
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		27,803			23,809
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		5,213			4,101
Deferred revenue		4,905			4,701
Payables to sellers		64,453			48,992
Total current liabilities		143,251			120,718
Operating lease liabilities		10,226			6,581
Other long-term liabilities		91			137
Total liabilities		153,568			127,436
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 120,000,000 shares authorized; 36,525,606 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024; 36,142,346 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023		36			36
Additional paid-in capital		271,825			265,945
Treasury stock, at cost; 5,997,932 shares at June 30, 2024, and 5,433,045 shares at September 30, 2023		(93,482	)		(84,031	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(10,067	)		(10,457	)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		3,658			(9,958	)
Total stockholders’ equity		171,970			161,533
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	325,538		$	288,970

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Purchase revenues	$	53,396		$	42,809		$	142,726		$	128,715
Consignment and other fee revenues		40,217			37,961		$	113,665			105,790
Total revenue		93,613			80,770			256,391			234,505
Costs and expenses from operations:
Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization)		44,212			35,201			119,960			107,340
Technology and operations		15,372			13,927			45,136			43,423
Sales and marketing		13,759			13,068			40,934			35,712
General and administrative		8,603			7,454			23,846			21,243
Depreciation and amortization		3,199			2,866			9,297			8,433
Other operating expenses (income), net		573			(1	)		1,080			128
Total costs and expenses		85,718			72,515			240,253			216,279
Income from operations		7,895			8,255			16,138			18,226
Interest and other income, net		(807	)		(775	)		(2,549	)		(1,737	)
Income before provision for income taxes		8,702			9,030			18,687			19,963
Provision for income taxes		2,702			2,543			5,071			5,265
Net income	$	6,000		$	6,487		$	13,616		$	14,698
Basic income per common share	$	0.20		$	0.21		$	0.45		$	0.47
Diluted income per common share	$	0.19		$	0.21		$	0.43		$	0.46
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		30,388,675			30,605,963			30,497,820			31,243,979
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		31,464,461			31,513,488			31,617,578			32,193,239

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023		2024		2023
Net income	$	6,000		$	6,487	$	13,616	$	14,698
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation	$	(110	)		645	$	391		2,161
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes		(110	)		645		391		2,161
Comprehensive income	$	5,890		$	7,132	$	14,007	$	16,859

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(Dollars In Thousands)

						Additional									Accumulated Other
	Common Stock					Paid-in			Treasury Stock						Comprehensive			Retained
	Shares			Amount		Capital			Shares			Amount			Loss			Earnings			Total
Balance at September 30, 2023		36,142,345		$	36	$	265,945			(5,433,045	)	$	(84,031	)	$	(10,458	)	$	(9,958	)	$	161,533
Net Income		—			—		—			—			—			—			1,907			1,907
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		59,471			—		127			—			—			—			—			127
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(12,058	)		—		(224	)		—			—			—			—			(224	)
Common stock repurchase		—			—		—			(68,692	)		(1,171	)		—			—			(1,171	)
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,249			—			—			—			—			2,249
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			958			—			958
Balance at December 31, 2023		36,189,758		$	36	$	268,096			(5,501,737	)	$	(85,202	)	$	(9,500	)	$	(8,051	)	$	165,379
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			5,709			5,709
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		353,069			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(66,464	)		—		(1,142	)		—			—			—			—			(1,142	)
Common stock repurchase		—			—		—			(473,953	)		(7,907	)		—			—			(7,907	)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options		—			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,343			—			—			—			—			2,343
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			(457	)		—			(457	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		36,476,363		$	36	$	269,297			(5,975,690	)	$	(93,109	)	$	(9,957	)	$	(2,342	)	$	163,925
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			6,000			6,000
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		53,921			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(4,678	)		—		(89	)		—			—			—			—			(89	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(22,242	)		(373	)		—			—			(373	)
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,617			—			—			—			—			2,617
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			(110	)		—			(110	)
Balance at June 30, 2024		36,525,606		$	36	$	271,825			(5,997,932	)	$	(93,482	)	$	(10,067	)	$	3,658		$	171,970

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars In Thousands)

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023
Operating activities
Net income	$	13,616		$	14,698
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		9,297			8,433
Stock compensation expense		7,208			6,023
Inventory adjustment to net realizable value		163			859
Provision for doubtful accounts		733			519
Deferred tax expense		4,318			4,556
Gain on disposal of property and equipment		(30	)		(60	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(1,599	)		5,209
Inventory		(2,286	)		(1,636	)
Prepaid taxes and tax refund receivable		134			(135	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(5,521	)		(2,117	)
Operating lease assets and liabilities		1,353			(207	)
Accounts payable		1,549			2,496
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		3,795			(2,762	)
Deferred revenue		204			261
Payables to sellers		15,281			(3,653	)
Other liabilities		—			(128	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		48,215			32,356
Investing activities
Cash paid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(13,265	)		—
Purchases of property and equipment, including capitalized software		(6,065	)		(3,905	)
Purchase of short-term investments		(2,264	)		(5,603	)
Maturities of short-term investments		3,888			—
Other investing activities, net		60			58
Net cash used in investing activities		(17,646	)		(9,450	)
Financing activities
Common stock repurchases		(9,426	)		(21,198	)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(1,455	)		(1,060	)
Payments of the principal portion of finance lease liabilities		(72	)		(75	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of tax		128			496
Net cash used in financing activities		(10,825	)		(21,837	)
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents		287			956
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		20,031			2,025
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		110,281			96,122
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	130,312		$	98,147
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for income taxes, net	$	810		$	975
Non-cash: Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options		—			191

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1.Organization

Liquidity Services, Inc. (Liquidity Services, the Company) is a leading global commerce company providing trusted online marketplace platforms that power the circular economy. We create a better future for organizations, individuals, and the planet by using technology to capture and unleash the intrinsic value of surplus. We connect millions of buyers and thousands of sellers through our leading e-commerce auction marketplaces, search engines, asset management software, and related services. Our comprehensive solutions enable the transparent, efficient, sustainable recovery of value from excess items owned by business and government sellers.

Our business delivers value to shareholders by unleashing the intrinsic value of surplus through our online marketplace platforms. These platforms ignite and enable a self-reinforcing cycle of value creation where buyers and sellers attract one another in greater numbers. The result of this cycle is a continuous flow of goods that becomes increasingly valuable as more participants join the platforms, thereby creating positive network effects that benefit sellers, buyers, and shareholders.

Liquidity Services was incorporated in Delaware in November 1999 as Liquidation.com, Inc. and commenced operations in early 2000.

Reportable Segments

The Company has four reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Further information and operating results of our reportable segments can be found in Note 14 - Segment Information.

•GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through our GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

•RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces.

•CAG. The CAG reportable segment provides solutions to sellers and consists of marketplaces that enable commercial businesses to sell surplus assets. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.

•Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing used equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, transportation, printing, and agriculture sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of online marketing tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

The Company's operations are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are associated with technology-oriented companies, including, but not limited to, the Company's dependence on use of the Internet; the effect of general business and economic trends including inflationary pressures and impacts from interest rate changes; ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts; the Company's susceptibility to rapid technological change; actual and potential competition by entities with greater financial and other resources; and the potential for the commercial sellers from which the Company derives a significant portion of its inventory to change the way they conduct their disposition of surplus assets or to otherwise terminate or not renew their contracts with the Company.

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In management's opinion, all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included, and intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The information disclosed in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for these periods is unaudited. Operating results for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2024, or for any future period.

8

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, these estimates required the Company to make assumptions about the impact of ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts, and other disruptions to macroeconomic conditions and, in turn, the Company's results of operations. The Company will continue to update its assumptions as conditions change. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets reflect an estimate of expenses that will be reimbursed upon settlement with a seller. The contract asset balance was $1.0 million as of June 30, 2024, and $0.9 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities reflect obligations to provide services for which the Company has already received consideration, and generally arise from up-front payments received in connection with Machinio's subscription services. The contract liability balance was $4.9 million as of June 30, 2024, and $4.7 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Deferred revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Of the September 30, 2023 contract liability balance, $4.3 million was earned as other fee revenue during the nine months ended June 30, 2024.

For the Company's Machinio segment, the performance obligation has been identified as the stand ready obligation to provide access to the Machinio subscription services, which it satisfies over time and recognizes as other fee revenues in the line-item Consignment and other fee revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of June 30, 2024, the Machinio segment had a remaining performance obligation of $4.9 million; the Company expects to recognize the substantial majority of that amount as other fee revenues over the next 12 months.

Contract Costs

Contract costs relate to sales commissions paid on subscription contracts that are capitalized within our Machinio segment. Contract costs are amortized over the expected life of the customer contract. The contract cost balance was $2.3 million as of June 30, 2024, and $2.2 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization expense was $0.4 million and $0.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $1.1 million and $0.9 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Risk Associated with Certain Concentrations

For the majority of buyers that receive goods before payment to the Company is made, credit evaluations are performed. However, for the remaining buyers, goods are not shipped before payment is made, and as a result, the Company is not subject to significant collection risk from those buyers.

For consignment sales transactions, funds are typically collected from buyers and are held by the Company on the sellers' behalf. The funds are included in Cash and cash equivalents on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company releases the funds to the seller, less the Company's commission and other fees due, through Accounts payable after the buyer has accepted the goods or within 30 days, depending on the state where the buyer and seller conduct business.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash in banks within non-interest bearing, interest-bearing, and earnings allowance checking accounts, as well as cash equivalent money market funds, all of which exceed the applicable U.S. federal (FDIC and/or SIPC) and local jurisdiction (foreign banking institutions) insurance limits, and Accounts receivable.

The Company deposits its cash in interest bearing checking accounts, acquires cash equivalent money market funds, and holds short-term investments designated as held-to-maturity investment securities, each with financial institutions that the Company considers to be of high credit quality. Management continually monitors the financial institutions with whom we conduct business and responds appropriately, when necessary, to manage potential risk exposure to our cash balances above the insurance limits.

We have multiple vendor contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. under which we acquire and sell commercial merchandise. While purchase model transactions account for less than 20% of our total GMV, the cost of inventory for purchase model transactions is the most significant component of our consolidated Costs of goods sold. $8.6 million and $5.8 million of inventory purchased under such contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. is included in the line-item Inventory on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. Our vendor contracts with respect to sourcing or consigning merchandise for our RSCG segment generally reflect the concentration dynamics inherent to the retail industry.

9

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326). The majority of the Company’s sales require payment in advance of the sale, but a limited number of buyers are approved to conduct sales on credit. Accounts receivables related to those sales are generally short-term in nature and do not require the posting of collateral. The Company estimates its allowances for credit loss based on historical collection trends, the age of outstanding receivables, existing economic conditions, and the specific facts and circumstances of individual customers. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. Past-due account balances are written off when the Company’s internal collection efforts have been unsuccessful in collecting the amounts due. The Company adopted the new standard effective October 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. It will require organizations to provide enhanced disclosures primarily regarding significant segment expenses. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025. The guidance is required to be applied on a retrospective basis, with all such required disclosures to be made with regard to all fiscal years presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU will require organizations to disclose specific categories in their tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026. The guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

3.Sierra Acquisition

On January 1, 2024, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding equity securities associated with Sierra Auction Management, Inc. (Sierra), a full-service auction company specializing in the sale of vehicles, equipment and surplus assets for government agencies, commercial businesses, and charities. Total preliminary purchase consideration was approximately $13.8 million paid in cash. As of June 30, 2024, the Company's purchase price allocation related to this acquisition is preliminary and subject to revision as additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date.

In connection with its acquisition of Sierra, the Company preliminarily recorded the fair value of acquired supplier relationships and trade name assets for $5.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and goodwill of $8.0 million. The supplier relationships and trade name shall be amortized on a straight-line basis over a useful life of six and three years, respectively. The total goodwill arising from the acquisition is included in the GovDeals reportable segment and is deductible for tax purposes.

Sierra's financial results are reported within the GovDeals reportable segment. Revenue, net income (loss), and pro forma information related to the Sierra acquisition was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements and its related notes for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024.

4.Earnings per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing Net income for the period by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing Net income for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. The calculation of Diluted net income per share excludes all anti-dilutive common shares.

The computation of Basic and Diluted net income per share is as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,000	$	6,487	$	13,616	$	14,698
Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		30,388,675		30,605,963		30,497,820		31,243,979
Dilutive impact of stock options, RSUs and RSAs		1,075,786		907,525		1,119,758		949,260
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		31,464,461		31,513,488		31,617,578		32,193,239
Basic income per common share	$	0.20	$	0.21	$	0.45	$	0.47
Diluted income per common share	$	0.19	$	0.21	$	0.43	$	0.46
Stock options, RSUs and RSAs excluded from income per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive		1,676,121		1,813,106		1,696,121		1,834,550

10

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

5.Leases

The Company has operating leases for its corporate offices, warehouses, vehicles, and equipment. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company entered into a lease for warehouse space in Brownsburg, IN, in order to continue serving our RSCG buyers and sellers following the expiration of our Plainfield, IN lease.

The operating leases have remaining terms of up to 4.9 years. Some of the leases have options to extend or terminate the leases. The exercise of such options is generally at the Company’s discretion. The lease agreements do not contain any significant residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. The Company also subleases excess corporate office space. The Company's finance leases and related balances are not significant.

The components of lease expense are:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Finance lease – lease asset amortization	$	18		$	20		$	56		$	59
Finance lease – interest on lease liabilities		4			4			9			12
Operating lease cost		1,418			1,327			4,046			4,011
Short-term lease cost		90			78			214			348
Variable lease cost (1)		282			199			889			948
Sublease income		(3	)		(27	)		(18	)		(78	)
Total net lease cost	$	1,809		$	1,601		$	5,196		$	5,300

(1)Variable lease costs primarily relate to the Company's election to combine non-lease components such as common area maintenance, insurance and taxes related to its real estate leases. To a lesser extent, the Company's equipment leases have variable costs associated with usage and subsequent changes to costs based upon an index.

Maturities of lease liabilities are:

	June 30, 2024
	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
Remainder of 2024	$	1,422		$	21
2025		5,869			68
2026		4,202			65
2027		2,404			12
2028		2,050			—
Thereafter		1,196			—
Total lease payments (1)	$	17,143		$	166
Less: imputed interest (2)		(1,705	)		(10	)
Total lease liabilities	$	15,439		$	156

(1)The weighted average remaining lease term is 3.5 years for operating leases and 2.4 years for finance leases.

(2)The weighted average discount rate is 6.1 % for operating leases and 5.6 % for finance leases.

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases are:

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities	$	3,437	$	3,598
Cash paid for amounts included in finance lease liabilities	$	79	$	75
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new operating lease assets obtained	$	5,691	$	—
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new finance lease assets obtained	$	—	$	—
Non-cash: adjustments to lease assets and liabilities(1)	$	360	$	408

(1)These include adjustments due to lease modifications, renewals, and other related adjustments.

Lease liabilities increased during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, due to the commencement of a lease for new warehouse space in Brownsburg, IN during the period, as well as new leases relating to the Sierra acquisition. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

6.Goodwill

The carrying value and changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable segment were as follows:

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Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

(in thousands)	GovDeals		CAG		Machinio		Total
September 30, 2022	$	53,814	$	20,538	$	14,558	$	88,910
Translation adjustments		—		478		—		478
September 30, 2023		53,814		21,016		14,558		89,388
Sierra acquisition (see Note 3)		7,977		—		—		7,977
Translation adjustments		—		200		—		200
June 30, 2024	$	61,791	$	21,216	$	14,558	$	97,565

The increase in the goodwill balance of approximately $8.0 million at the GovDeals reportable segment and reporting unit during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, is due to the Sierra acquisition. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the beginning of the fourth quarter and during interim periods whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company did not identify any indicators of impairment that required an interim goodwill impairment test during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024.

7.Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following:

		June 30, 2024							September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Customer and supplier relationships	6 - 8	$	22,100	$	(8,158	)	$	13,942	$	17,000	$	(6,043	)	$	10,957
Technology	3 - 5		4,900		(4,656	)		244		4,900		(4,105	)		795
Trade names	3 - 7		2,200		(1,691	)		509		1,900		(1,381	)		519
Other intangibles	10		890		(725	)		165		875		(689	)		186
Total intangible assets, net		$	30,090	$	(15,230	)	$	14,860	$	24,675	$	(12,218	)	$	12,457

The Company has reclassified certain assets within the footnote for presentation purposes only, as well as renamed certain accounts. No changes have been made to the assets' respective underlying recorded amounts or useful lives, and there has been no effect on the current nor prior year financial results. What was previously classified as “Contract intangibles” is now “Customer and supplier relationships”. The Company has reclassified Brand intangibles from “Technology” and is now included within the “Trade names” intangible asset type. Previously reported “Patents and trademarks” have been separated such that “Other intangibles” are now comprised of patents and related assets. The gross carrying amount of total intangible assets increased by $5.4 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, due to the Sierra acquisition. The acquired supplier relationships and trade name assets are included in the above line items of Customer and supplier relationships and Trade names, respectively. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

Future expected amortization of intangible assets as of June 30, 2024, is as follows:

(in thousands)
Years ending September 30,	Expected Future Amortization
Remainder of 2024	$	954
2025		2,965
2026		2,720
2027		2,637
2028 and thereafter		5,584
Total	$	14,860

Intangible asset amortization expense was $1.1 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 3.0 million and $2.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company did not record impairment charges on any intangible assets during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024. The Company did not identify any indicators of impairment requiring an interim impairment test on material long-lived assets during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024.

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Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

8.Income Taxes

The Company’s interim effective income tax rate is based on management’s best current estimate of the Company's expected annual effective income tax rate. The Company recorded pre-tax income in the first nine months of fiscal year 2024 and its corresponding effective tax rate is 27.1% compared to 26.4% for the first nine months of fiscal year 2023. The change in the effective tax rate for the nine months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in the prior year, was primarily due to state and foreign taxes, and the utilization of net operating losses. The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. statutory federal rate of 21% primarily as a result of the impact of foreign, state, and local income taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) was enacted on August 16, 2022. The IRA includes provisions imposing a 1% excise tax on share repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022, and introduces a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) on adjusted financial statement income. The CAMT is effective for us in fiscal year 2024. The IRA has not had a material adverse impact on our financial statements.

The Company applies the authoritative guidance related to uncertainty in income taxes. ASC 740, Income Taxes, states that a benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of technical merits. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not record any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various state and local jurisdictions and in foreign jurisdictions, primarily Canada and the United Kingdom. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has no open income tax examinations in the U.S. and the statute of limitations for years prior to 2020 is now closed. However, certain tax attribute carryforwards that were generated prior to fiscal year 2020 may be adjusted upon examination by tax authorities if they are utilized.

9.Debt

On February 10, 2022, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (the Credit Agreement). Terms of the Credit Agreement provide for revolving loans (the Line of Credit) up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million with a $10.0 million sublimit for standby letters of credit.

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2025 (the First Amendment).

During the six months ended March 31, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2026 (the Second Amendment). No other changes, including regarding the borrowing terms or capacities, were made to the Credit Agreement as a result of the First Amendment or the Second Amendment.

The applicable interest rate on any draws under the Line of Credit is a variable rate per annum equal to the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%. Interest is payable monthly. The Company pays an Unused Commitment Fee (as defined in the Credit Agreement), on a quarterly basis, equal to 0.05% per annum on the daily amount of the available, but unused, balance on the Line of Credit. The Company also pays a Line of Credit Fee (as defined in the Credit Agreement), on a quarterly basis, equal to 1.25% on the daily amount available to be drawn for standby letters of credit. Interest incurred on any draws under the Line of Credit, as well as the Unused Commitment Fee and Line of Credit Fee, are included within Interest and other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company may draw upon the Line of Credit for general corporate purposes. Repayments of any borrowings under the Line of Credit shall become available for redraw at any time by the Company.

The Credit Agreement contains certain financial and non-financial restrictive covenants including, among others, the requirement to maintain a minimum level of earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and restrictive covenants including covenants placing limitations on mergers, consolidations and dissolutions, investments and acquisitions, indebtedness and liens, and dividends and other restricted payments. As of June 30, 2024, the Company complied with the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement.

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company did not make any draws under the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement.

During the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, interest expense incurred by the Company under the Credit Agreement was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

13

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

10.Stockholders’ Equity

The changes in stockholders’ equity for the prior year comparable period are as follows:

						Additional									Accumulated Other
	Common Stock					Paid-in			Treasury Stock						Comprehensive			Retained
	Shares			Amount		Capital			Shares			Amount			Loss			Earnings			Total
Balance at September 30, 2022		35,724,057		$	36	$	258,275			(3,813,199	)	$	(62,554	)	$	(10,285	)	$	(30,936	)	$	154,536
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			3,967			3,967
Exercise of stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		190,119			—		495			—			—			—			—			495
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(14,536	)		—		(244	)		—			—			—			—			(244	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(531,819	)		(7,199	)		—			—			(7,199	)
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,126			—			—			—			—			2,126
Foreign currency translation and other		—			—		—			—			—			1,273			—			1,273
Balance at December 31, 2022		35,899,640		$	36	$	260,653			(4,345,018	)	$	(69,754	)	$	(9,012	)	$	(26,970	)	$	154,953
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			4,245			4,245
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		184,791			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(34,713	)		—		(492	)		—			—			—			—			(492	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(749,903	)		(9,814	)		—			—			(9,814	)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options		—			—		18			(1,420	)		(18	)		—			—			—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		1,939			—			—			—			—			1,939
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			243			—			243
Balance at March 31, 2023		36,049,718		$	36	$	262,118			(5,096,341	)	$	(79,586	)	$	(8,769	)	$	(22,725	)	$	151,074
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			6,487			6,487
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		87,515			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(21,671	)		—		(324	)		—			—			—			—			(324	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(325,410	)		(4,268	)		—			—			(4,268	)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options		—			—		173			(10,795	)		(173	)								—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,195			—			—			—			—			2,195
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			645			—			645
Balance at June 30, 2023		36,115,562		$	36	$	264,162			(5,432,546	)	$	(84,027	)	$	(8,124	)	$	(16,238	)	$	155,809

Stock Compensation Incentive Plans

The Company has several incentive plans under which stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), restricted stock awards (RSAs), and cash-settled stock appreciation rights (SARs) have been issued, including the Third Amended and Restated 2006 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended (LTIP), and a plan and private placement issuances related to the Company’s acquisition of Machinio and Bid4Assets. The Machinio plan expired according to its terms on April 17, 2024. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the LTIP to increase the number of shares of common stock from 20,300,000 to 22,800,000, reserved for issuance for exercises of stock options and vesting of RSUs under these plans. Vesting of RSUs count as 1.5x shares against the plan reserves. As of June 30, 2024, 2,422,677 shares of common stock remained available for use under the LTIP.

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Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Stock Compensation Expense

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Equity-classified awards:
Stock options	$	550	$	524	$	1,574	$	1,524
RSUs & RSAs		2,067		1,671		5,634		4,737
Total Equity-classified award		2,617		2,195		7,208		6,261
Liability-classified awards:
SARs		—		—		—		(45	)
Total stock compensation expense:	$	2,617	$	2,195	$	7,208	$	6,216

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense by line-item within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock-compensation expense by function
Technology and operations	$	405	$	356	$	1,085	$	948
Sales and marketing		692		612		1,967		1,780
General and administrative		1,520		1,227		4,156		3,488
Total stock compensation expense:	$	2,617	$	2,195	$	7,208	$	6,216

Stock Options and RSUs & RSAs

The following table presents stock option and RSUs & RSAs grant activity:

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2024
Stock Options granted:
Options containing only service conditions:		125,955
Weighted average exercise price	$	18.00
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	9.03
Options containing performance conditions:		125,955
Weighted average exercise price	$	18.00
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	9.03
RSUs & RSAs granted:
RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions:		364,446
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	19.03
RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions:		303,610
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	19.29

The stock options and RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions will vest over a four-year service period. The stock options and RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions will vest upon the achievement of specified financial targets of the Company, a segment, or a division of a segment. Vesting is measured on the first day of each fiscal quarter over the three-year terms of the awards, starting with the first fiscal quarter after the first anniversary of the grant date.

The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, were as follows:

	Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2024
Dividend yield		—
Expected volatility	59.08% - 60.83%
Risk-free interest rate	3.83% - 3.88%
Expected term	4.5 - 5.0 years

Share Repurchase Program

From time to time, we may be authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases,

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Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. The repurchase program may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $17.0 million of remaining share repurchase authorization through December 31, 2025.

The Company repurchased 22,242 shares for $0.4 million, and 564,887 shares for $9.4 million, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had $7.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2025.

Other Share Repurchases

Separate from the share repurchase program, our stock incentive plans allow for participants to exercise stock options by surrendering shares of common stock equivalent in value to the exercise price due. Any shares surrendered to the Company in this manner are not available for future grant.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, participants surrendered 0 and 12,215 shares of common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercise of stock options.

11.Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures and records certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Authoritative guidance issued by the FASB establishes a fair value hierarchy for those instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date;

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Cash and cash equivalents. The Company had $58.0 million and $51.4 million of money market funds considered cash equivalents at June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. These assets were measured at fair value as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, and were classified as Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

Short-term investments. The Company had $6.5 million and $7.9 million of guaranteed investment certificates considered investments at June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. As these investments have maturity dates of 12 months or less from the balance sheet date, they have been classified as short-term in nature. These assets were measured at fair value as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, and were classified as Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

Other Information. When valuing its Level 3 liability, management's estimation of fair value is based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management's own assumptions around market demand which could involve a level of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors.

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value are cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and payables to sellers. The Company believes the carrying values of these instruments approximate fair value.

As of June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any material assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

12.Defined Benefit Pension Plan

Certain employees of Liquidity Services UK Limited (GoIndustry), which the Company acquired in July 2012, are covered by the Henry Butcher Pension Fund and Life Assurance Scheme (the Scheme), a qualified defined benefit pension plan. The Company guarantees GoIndustry's performance on all present and future obligations to make payments to the Scheme for up to a maximum of £10 million British pounds. The Scheme was closed to new members on January 1, 2002.

The net periodic pension cost (benefit) is recognized within Interest and other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and was $0.1 million and immaterial during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $0.3 million and immaterial during the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

13. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

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Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Company reserves for contingent liabilities based on ASC 450, Contingencies, when it determines that a liability is probable and reasonably estimable.

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of the business. However, unless otherwise noted, there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against the Company that, if adversely determined, would in the Company's management's judgment have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Former Employee Matters

In May 2021, the Company’s former Vice President, Human Resources filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland (the “District Court”), alleging wrongful termination on the basis of gender, race, and age. The Company’s employment practices liability insurance carrier, CNA, accepted tender of these claims. In December 2022, the District Court dismissed plaintiff’s age discrimination claim but the court allowed the race and gender claims to go to trial. Trial on the race and gender claims began late October 2023. The jury was unable to reach a unanimous verdict on either claim, and accordingly, the judge declared a mistrial in November 2023. On August 1, 2024, plaintiff and the Company entered into a settlement agreement under which the Company will pay to plaintiff $3.5 million in exchange for a full release and dismissal with prejudice of plaintiff’s claims, which is included in the line-item Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. LSI entered into the Agreement as a negotiated compromise and settlement of litigation, and not in any way as an admission of liability or fault by the Company. CNA funded $3.0 million of the settlement pursuant to the terms of the Company’s insurance policy and this is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As a result of the settlement agreement, the Company recorded a $0.5 million litigation settlement expense net of insurance recovery, which is included in General and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

On December 28, 2022, the Company’s former Chief Marketing Officer (the “Former CMO”) filed a complaint (the “Original Complaint”) in the District Court, alleging wrongful termination on the basis of race and age and that the Company retaliated against him. On April 26, 2023, the Former CMO filed an amended complaint with the District Court, alleging the same claims made in the Original Complaint. The Company's motion to dismiss certain of the Former CMO's claims was denied on March 27, 2024. The parties are entering the discovery phase of the case, which is currently scheduled to be completed by September 9, 2024 . The Company is asserting substantial defenses and cannot estimate a range of potential liability, if any, at this time. CNA has accepted tender of these claims as well.

14.Segment Information

The Company has four reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Descriptions of our reportable segments are as follows:

•GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through our GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

•RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces.

•CAG. The CAG reportable segment provides solutions to sellers and consists of marketplaces that enable commercial businesses to sell surplus assets. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.

•Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing used equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, transportation, printing, and agriculture sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of online marketing tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

We also report results for Corporate, including elimination adjustments.

Decisions concerning the allocation of the Company’s resources are made by the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), which is the Company's Chief Executive Officer, with oversight by the Board of Directors. The Company reports reportable segment information based on the internal performance measures used by the CODM to assess the performance of each operating segment in a given period. In connection with that assessment, the CODM uses segment direct profit to evaluate the performance of each segment. Segment direct profit is calculated as total revenue less cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization).

17

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following table sets forth certain financial information for the Company's reportable segments:

		Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)		2024			2023			2024			2023
GovDeals:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		22,109			17,270			56,384			45,956
	Total revenue		22,109			17,270			56,384			45,956
	Segment direct profit	$	20,716		$	16,389		$	52,982		$	43,572
RSCG:
	Purchase revenue	$	51,713		$	41,439		$	134,971		$	121,651
	Consignment and other fee revenues		7,051			9,532			24,328			29,006
	Total revenue		58,764			50,971			159,299			150,657
	Segment direct profit	$	17,365		$	17,876		$	48,478		$	50,562
CAG:
	Purchase revenue	$	1,683		$	1,370		$	7,755		$	7,064
	Consignment and other fee revenues		6,967			7,615			21,009			20,731
	Total revenue		8,650			8,985			28,764			27,795
	Segment direct profit	$	7,430		$	7,938		$	23,611		$	23,466
Machinio:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		4,106			3,559			11,994			10,144
	Total revenue		4,106			3,559			11,994			10,144
	Segment direct profit	$	3,906		$	3,381		$	11,409		$	9,611
Corporate, including elimination adjustments:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		(16	)		(16	)		(49	)		(47	)
	Total revenue		(16	)		(16	)		(49	)		(47	)
	Segment direct profit	$	(16	)	$	(16	)	$	(49	)	$	(47	)
Consolidated:
	Purchase revenue	$	53,396		$	42,809		$	142,726		$	128,715
	Consignment and other fee revenues		40,217			37,961			113,665			105,790
	Total revenue		93,613			80,770			256,391			234,505
	Total Segment direct profit	$	49,401		$	45,568		$	136,431		$	127,165

The following table reconciles segment direct profit used in the reportable segments to the Company's consolidated results:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Reconciliation:
Total segment direct profit	$	49,401		$	45,568		$	136,431		$	127,165
Other costs and expenses from operations (1)	$	40,933			37,315			119,213			108,811
Interest and other income, net	$	(233	)		(777	)		(1,469	)		(1,609	)
Income before provision for income taxes	$	8,702		$	9,030		$	18,687		$	19,963

(1)Other costs and expenses from operations is defined as Total costs and expenses from operations per the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, less Cost of goods sold (which is included in the calculation of Segment direct profit).

The percent of our revenues that came from transactions conducted outside of the United States for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, was 9.1% and 8.8%, respectively. The percent of our revenues that came from transactions conducted outside of the United States for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, was 11.6% and 10.4%, respectively.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains forward-looking statements. These statements are only predictions. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and other factors include but are not limited to the factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, and subsequent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). You can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continues” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. There may be other factors of which we are currently unaware or deem immaterial that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf apply only as of the date of this document and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this document. Except as may be required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes and the information contained elsewhere in this document.

Overview

About us. Liquidity Services is a leading global commerce company providing trusted online marketplace platforms that power the circular economy. We create a better future for organizations, individuals, and the planet by using technology to capture and unleash the intrinsic value of surplus. We connect millions of buyers and thousands of sellers through our leading e-commerce auction marketplaces, search engines, asset management software, and related services. Our comprehensive solutions enable the transparent, efficient, sustainable recovery of value from excess items owned by business and government sellers.

Our business delivers value to shareholders by unleashing the intrinsic value of surplus through our online marketplace platforms. These platforms ignite and enable a self-reinforcing cycle of value creation where buyers and sellers attract one another in greater numbers. The result of this cycle is a continuous flow of goods that becomes increasingly valuable as more participants join the platforms, thereby creating positive network effects that benefit sellers, buyers, and shareholders.

Reportable Segments

The Company has four reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Further information and operating results of our reportable segments can be found in Note 14 - Segment Information.

•GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through our GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

•RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces.

•CAG. The CAG reportable segment provides solutions to sellers and consists of marketplaces that enable commercial businesses to sell surplus assets. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.

•Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing used equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, transportation, printing, and agriculture sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of online marketing tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

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Macroeconomic Conditions

Supply chain challenges and consumer sentiment. Constraints in the production of new vehicles and heavy equipment, particularly as it relates to new fleet sales, are continuing to impact the supply of used vehicles available for sale on our marketplaces, while used car market price indices are simultaneously experiencing heightened volatility. In addition, general consumer behavior appears turbulent, with a greater focus on essential goods yet recent rise in sentiment. These conditions are impacting our financial performance and may continue to do so while these conditions persist, or if similar challenges emerge in other key asset categories.

Effects of inflation and heightened interest rates. Sustained inflation in both the U.S. and internationally has weighed on the global economy, increasing prices for energy, shipping, and labor, among other areas of the macroeconomic environment. These events have caused a rise in borrowing costs as well, partly driven by actions taken by central banks to curb rising inflation, which has impacted buyer qualification and transaction timelines.

Currently, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood, magnitude, and timing of inflationary risk to our business, if any. As a marketplace operator, the GMV, revenues and costs of revenues that result from our primarily auction-based sales may be influenced by macroeconomic factors, including but not limited to inflation, the impacts of which may vary across each of our individual asset classes.

International armed and geopolitical conflicts. The global financial markets have experienced volatility subsequent to the invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022, a conflict which remains ongoing, as well as the recent conflict in and adjacent to Israel. The Russia-Ukraine conflict specifically resulted in numerous countries, including the United States, imposing significant new sanctions and export controls against Russia, Russian banks, and certain Russian individuals. These sanctions and export controls and international responses to the ongoing conflict in and adjacent to Israel, have further heightened global supply chain disruptions and impacted the international trade markets. For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company's total revenues directly associated with Russia, Ukraine, and Israel were not material to our consolidated financial results. We will continue monitoring these armed and geopolitical conflicts around the world and any potential future impacts on our business.

Industry Trends

We believe there are several industry trends positively impacting the long-term growth of our business including:

•the increase in volume of returned merchandise handled both online and in stores as online and omni-channel retail grow as a percentage of overall retail sales;

•the increase in government regulations and the need for corporations to have sustainability solutions with verifiable recycling and remarketing of surplus assets;

•the increase in outsourcing surplus disposition and end-of-life assets by corporations and government entities as they focus on reducing costs, improving transparency, compliance and working capital, and increasingly prefer service providers with proven track records, innovative scalable solutions and the ability to make a strategic impact in the reverse supply chain;

•an increase in buyer demand for surplus merchandise as consumers trade down by purchasing less expensive goods and seek greater value from their purchases, which could impact our long-term growth;

•the increase in demand from sellers and buyers to transact in a low touch, online solution as compared to live, in-person auctions or public sale events; and

•in the long-term we expect innovation in the retail supply chain will increase the pace of product obsolescence and, therefore, increase the supply of surplus assets.

Our Marketplace Transactions

We believe our marketplaces benefit over time from greater scale and adoption by our users creating a continuous flow of goods benefiting our buyers and sellers. As of June 30, 2024, we had 5.4 million registered buyers in our marketplaces. We had access to millions of additional end-users through a range of external consumer marketplaces. Aggregating this level of buyer demand and market data enables us to generate a continuous flow of goods from corporate and government sellers, which in turn attracts more buyers. During the twelve months ended June 30, 2024, the approximate number of registered buyers increased from 5.1 million to 5.4 million, or approximately 7%. As buyers continue to discover and use our e-commerce marketplaces as an effective method to source assets, we believe our solutions become a more attractive sales channel for corporate and government agency sellers. We believe this self-reinforcing cycle results in greater transaction volume and enhances the value of our marketplaces.

Revenues

Substantially all of our revenue is earned through the following transaction models:

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Purchase model. Under our purchase transaction model, we recognize revenue within the Purchase revenues line-item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations from the resale of inventory that we purchased from sellers. We consider these sellers to be our vendors. We pay our sellers either a fixed amount or a portion of the net or gross proceeds received from our completed sales based on the value we receive from the sale, in some cases, after deducting a required return to us that we have negotiated with the seller. Because we are the principal in purchase transaction model sales, we recognize as revenue the sale price paid by the buyer upon completion of a transaction. The proceeds paid by buyers also include transaction fees, referred to as buyer premiums.

Consignment model—fee revenue. Under our consignment transaction model, we enable our sellers to sell goods they own in our marketplaces, and we charge them a commission fee based on the gross or net proceeds received from such sales. The revenue from our consignment transaction model is recognized upon auction close or upon collection of auction proceeds, depending upon the settlement service level selected by the seller. Revenue under the consignment model is recorded within the Consignment and other fee revenues line-item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Because we are the agent in consignment model sales, our commission fee revenue, which we refer to as seller commissions, represents a percentage of the sales price the buyer pays upon completion of a transaction. We vary the percentage amount of the seller commission depending on the various value-added services we provide to the seller to facilitate the transaction. For example, we generally increase the percentage amount of the commission if we take possession, handle, ship, or provide enhanced product information for the merchandise. In most cases we collect the seller commission by deducting the appropriate amount from the sales proceeds prior to the distribution to the seller after completion of the transaction. In addition to seller commissions, we also collect buyer premiums.

Other — fee revenue. We also earn non-consignment fee revenue from Machinio's subscription services, as well as other services including asset valuation, product handling, and storage fees. Non-consignment fee revenue is recorded within the Consignment and other fee revenues line-item on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Transaction Model Mix. Most of our transactions are conducted under the consignment model, which represented 86.5% and 86.0% of our consolidated GMV for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and 87.5% and 85.5% of our consolidated GMV for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. However, only the consignment fee, representing a small portion of the consignment GMV, is recognized as revenue, causing consignment revenues to account for 35.9% and 36.5% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and 39.1% and 37.6% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

Purchase model transactions are a smaller proportion of our consolidated GMV, representing 13.5% and 14.0% of our consolidated GMV for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and 12.5% and 14.5% of our consolidated GMV for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. However, all of the GMV associated with the purchase model transaction is generally able to be recognized as revenue, causing purchase revenues to account for 57.0% and 55.7% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and 53.0% and 54.9% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

We have multiple vendor contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. under which we acquire and sell commercial merchandise. While purchase model transactions account for less than 20% of our total GMV, the cost of inventory for purchase model transactions is the most significant component of our consolidated Costs of goods sold. $8.6 million and $5.8 million of inventory purchased under such contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. is included in our Condensed Consolidated Inventory balances as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. Our vendor contracts with respect to sourcing or consigning merchandise for our RSCG segment generally reflect the concentration dynamics inherent to the retail industry.

Other fee revenues accounted for 7.1% and 7.8% of our total revenues for three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and 7.9% and 7.5% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

Key Business Metrics

Our management periodically reviews certain key business metrics for operational planning purposes and to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies, allocation of resources, and our capacity to fund capital expenditures and expand our business. These key business metrics include:

Gross merchandise volume (GMV). GMV is the total sales value of all merchandise sold by us or our sellers through our marketplaces or by us through other channels during a given period of time. We review GMV because it provides a measure of the volume of goods being sold in our marketplaces and thus the activity of those marketplaces. GMV also provides a means to evaluate the effectiveness of investments that we have made and continue to make, including in the areas of buyer and seller support, value-added services, product development, sales and marketing, and operations. Our GMV for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, was $380.4 million and $1.01 billion, respectively.

Total registered buyers. We grow our buyer base through a combination of marketing and promotional efforts. A person becomes a registered buyer by completing an online registration process on one of our marketplaces. As part of this process, we collect business and personal information, including name, title, company name, business address, contact information, and information on how the person intends to use our marketplaces. Each prospective buyer must also accept our terms and conditions of use. Following the completion of the online registration process, we verify each prospective buyer’s e-mail address and confirm that the person is not listed on any banned persons list maintained internally or by the U.S. federal government. After the verification process, which is completed generally within 24 hours, the registration is approved and activated, and the prospective buyer is added to our registered buyer list.

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Total registered buyers, as of a given date, represent the aggregate number of persons or entities who have registered on one of our marketplaces. We use this metric to evaluate how well our marketing and promotional efforts are performing. Total registered buyers exclude duplicate registrations, buyers who are suspended from utilizing our marketplaces and buyers who have voluntarily removed themselves from our registration database. In addition, if we become aware of registered buyers that are no longer in business, we remove them from our database. As of June 30, 2024, and 2023, we had 5.4 million and 5.1 million registered buyers, respectively. None of our buyers represented more than 10% of our revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Total auction participants. For each auction we manage, the number of auction participants represents the total number of registered buyers who have bid one or more times in that auction. As a result, a registered buyer who bids, or participates, in more than one auction is counted as an auction participant in each auction in which he or she participates. Thus, total auction participants for a given period is the sum of the auction participants in each auction conducted during that period. We use this metric to allow us to compare our online auction marketplaces to our competitors, including other online auction sites and traditional on-site auctioneers. In addition, we measure total auction participants on a periodic basis to evaluate the activity level of our base of registered buyers and to measure the performance of our marketing and promotional efforts. During the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, 1,016,000 and 924,000 participants participated in auctions on our marketplaces, respectively. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, approximately 3,003,000 and 2,465,000 participants participated in auctions on our marketplaces, respectively.

Completed transactions. Completed transactions represents the number of auctions in a given period from which we have recorded revenue. Similar to GMV, we believe that completed transactions is a key business metric because it provides an additional measurement of the volume of activity flowing through our marketplaces. During the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we completed 263,000 and 252,000 transactions, respectively. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we completed 802,000 and 675,000 transactions, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies and estimates are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, and in Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Components of Revenue and Expenses

Revenue. Refer to the discussion in the Our revenue section above, and to Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, for discussion of the Company's related accounting policies.

Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization). Refer to the discussion in Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, for discussion of the Company's Costs of goods sold and related accounting policies.

Technology and operations. Technology expenses primarily consist of the cost of technical staff (including stock compensation), third-party services, licenses, and infrastructure, all as required to develop, configure, deploy, maintain, and secure our marketplace platforms, business operational systems, and facilities. Technology expenses are net of the required capitalization of costs associated with enhancing our marketplace platforms and other software development activities. Depreciation and amortization of capitalized software development costs, purchased software, acquired developed software intangible assets, and computer hardware are included within Depreciation and amortization in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Technology expenses are presented separately from Costs of goods sold (excluding depreciation and amortization) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as these expenses provide for the general availability of our marketplace platforms and other business operational systems and are not attributable to specific revenue generating transaction activity occurring on our marketplaces.

Because our marketplaces and support systems require frequent upgrades and enhancements to maintain viability, we have determined that the useful life for certain internally developed software is less than one year. As a result, we expense those costs as incurred. However, where we determine that the useful life of the internally developed software will be greater than one year, we capitalize development costs in accordance with ASC 350-40, Internal-use software. As such, we are capitalizing certain development costs associated with our marketplaces and support systems, as well as other software development activities.

Operations expenses consist primarily of costs to operate our network of warehouses, including shipping logistics, inventory management, refurbishment, and administrative functions; costs to enhance our online auctions listings and provide customer support; and costs associated with field support and preparation and transfer of goods from sellers to buyers. Operations expenses include both internal and external labor costs, as well as other third-party charges. These costs are expensed as incurred.

Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses include the cost of our sales and marketing personnel as well as the cost of lead generation, marketing and promotional activities, including buyer and seller acquisition, as well as general brand marketing. These activities include online marketing campaigns, such as paid search advertising and geofencing campaigns, as well as offline marketing efforts, trade shows, and marketing analytics.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses include all corporate and administrative functions that support our operations and provide an infrastructure to facilitate our future growth. These expenses are generally more fixed in nature than our other operating expenses and do not vary as significantly in response to the volume of merchandise sold through our marketplaces.

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Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization consist of depreciation of property and equipment, amortization of internally developed software, and amortization of intangible assets.

Other operating expenses (income), net. Other operating expenses (income), net includes acquisition-related costs, impairment of long-lived and other assets, impacts of lease terminations, as well as business realignment expenses, including those associated with restructuring initiatives and the exit of certain business operations.

Interest and other income, net. Interest and other income, net consists of interest income on interest-bearing checking accounts, money market funds, interest and unused commitment fees in connection with the Company's Credit Agreement, the components of net periodic pension cost (benefit) other than the service component and impacts of foreign currency fluctuations.

Income taxes. Income taxes include current and deferred income tax expense for the U.S. federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions. For interim income tax reporting, we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply this effective tax rate to our year-to-date pre-tax income. Our effective income tax rate after discrete items was 27.1% for the nine months ended June 30, 2024. The effective tax rate differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily as a result of the impact of foreign, state, and local income taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our operating results:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Change						Nine Months Ended June 30,						Change
(in thousands)	2024			2023			$			%			2024			2023			$			%
Purchase revenues	$	53,396		$	42,809		$	10,587			24.7	%	$	142,726		$	128,715		$	14,011			10.9	%
Consignment and other fee revenues		40,217			37,961			2,256			5.9	%		113,665			105,790			7,875			7.4	%
Total revenue		93,613			80,770			12,843			15.9	%		256,391			234,505			21,886			9.3	%
Costs and expenses from operations:
Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization)		44,212			35,201			9,011			25.6	%		119,960			107,340			12,620			11.8	%
Technology and operations		15,372			13,927			1,445			10.4	%		45,136			43,423			1,713			3.9	%
Sales and marketing		13,759			13,068			691			5.3	%		40,934			35,712			5,222			14.6	%
General and administrative		8,603			7,454			1,149			15.4	%		23,846			21,243			2,603			12.3	%
Depreciation and amortization		3,199			2,866			333			11.6	%		9,297			8,433			864			10.2	%
Other operating expenses (income), net		573			(1	)		574		NM				1,080			128			952			743.9	%
Total costs and expenses		85,718			72,515			13,203			18.2	%		240,253			216,279			23,974			11.1	%
Income from operations		7,895			8,255			(360	)		(4.4	)%		16,138			18,226			(2,088	)		(11.5	)%
Interest and other income, net		(807	)		(775	)		(32	)		4.1	%		(2,549	)		(1,737	)		(812	)		46.8	%
Income before provision for income taxes		8,702			9,030			(328	)		(3.6	)%		18,687			19,963			(1,276	)		(6.4	)%
Provision for income taxes		2,702			2,543			159			6.3	%		5,071			5,265			(194	)		(3.7	)%
Net income	$	6,000		$	6,487		$	(487	)		(7.5	)%	$	13,616		$	14,698		$	(1,082	)		(7.4	)%

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NM = not meaningful

The following table presents reportable segment GMV, revenue, segment direct profit (calculated as total revenue less cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)), and segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(dollars in thousands	2024			2023			2024			2023
GovDeals:
GMV	$	249,652		$	213,052		$	626,285		$	542,025
Total revenue	$	22,109		$	17,270		$	56,384		$	45,956
Segment direct profit	$	20,716		$	16,389		$	52,982		$	43,572
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue		93.7	%		94.9	%		94.0	%		94.8	%
RSCG:
GMV	$	78,950		$	72,677		$	225,145		$	210,913
Total revenue	$	58,764		$	50,971		$	159,299		$	150,657
Segment direct profit	$	17,365		$	17,876		$	48,478		$	50,562
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue		29.5	%		35.1	%		30.4	%		33.6	%
CAG:
GMV	$	51,838		$	48,229		$	154,245		$	134,518
Total revenue	$	8,650		$	8,985		$	28,764		$	27,795
Segment direct profit	$	7,430		$	7,938		$	23,611		$	23,466
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue		85.9	%		88.3	%		82.1	%		84.4	%
Machinio:
GMV	—			—			—			—
Total revenue	$	4,106		$	3,559		$	11,994		$	10,144
Segment direct profit	$	3,906		$	3,381		$	11,409		$	9,611
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue		95.1	%		95.0	%		95.1	%		94.7	%
Consolidated:
GMV	$	380,439		$	333,958		$	1,005,675		$	887,456
Total revenue	$	93,613		$	80,770		$	256,391		$	234,505

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024, Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023

Segment Results

GovDeals. Total revenues from our GovDeals reportable segment increased 28.0%, or $4.8 million, due to a $36.6 million, or 17.2%, increase in GMV driven by increased personal property sales, particularly in the vehicle and heavy equipment categories, and continued growth in our seller base. Revenue grew at a higher rate than GMV due to the expansion of service offerings to new, higher-volume sellers, including through the acquisition of Sierra. Segment direct profit increased by $4.3 million, or 26.4%, consistent with the increase in revenues. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue remained relatively consistent between the periods.

RSCG. Revenue from our RSCG reportable segment increased by $7.8 million, or 15.3%, due to a $6.3 million, or 8.6%, increase in GMV due to increased volumes in our purchase programs, partially offset by a lower value product mix in selected programs. Segment direct profit decreased by $0.5 million, or 2.9%, and segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 35.1% to 29.5%, due to an increase in the mix of purchase transactions and a lower blended take-rate on our consignment sales. The increased volumes in our purchase programs were associated with lower-touch product flows and did not have a material impact on RSCG's operating expenses.

CAG. Revenue from our CAG reportable segment decreased by $0.3 million, or 3.7%, while GMV increased by $3.6 million, or 7.5%, driven by consignment sales in our industrial and heavy equipment category, partially offset by project delays in our energy category. Revenue decreased despite the increase in GMV due to an increase in sales conducted with partners. There are inherent variations in the mix of assets sourced and sold by the CAG segment in any given period, which drove a decrease of 2.4% in Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue. As a result of the decreases in revenues, Segment direct profit decreased by $0.5 million, or 6.4%. Global supply chains may experience heightened disruptions due to international tensions and other factors, which could limit the volume of assets made available for sale in any period.

Machinio. Revenue from our Machinio reportable segment increased 15.4%, or $0.5 million, due to price increases and continued growth in subscribers. As a result of the increase in revenues, segment direct profit increased 15.5%, or $0.5 million. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue remained relatively consistent between the periods.

Consolidated Results

Total revenues - Total consolidated revenue increased $12.8 million, or 15.9%. Refer to the discussion of Segment Results above for discussion of the increase in revenue.

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Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization). Cost of goods sold increased $9.0 million, or 25.6%, due to increased purchase transaction volumes at our RSCG reportable segment during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Technology and operations expenses. Technology and operations expenses increased $1.4 million, or 10.4%, primarily in support of the increased transactions volumes across our reportable segments, including operating costs associated with expanded full-service consignment solutions in our GovDeals segment through our acquisition of Sierra.

Sales and marketing expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased $0.7 million, or 5.3%, due to our market share expansion and client diversification efforts.

General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $1.1 million, or 15.4%, due to a $0.4 million increase in stock compensation, and $0.5 million in litigation settlement expense incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2024; see Note 13 - Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies for further information.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.3 million, or 11.6%, in connection with our acquisition of Sierra; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

Other operating expenses (income), net. Other operating expenses (income), net increased $0.6 million, relating to legal, accounting and other professional fees incurred in connection with potential strategic acquisitions.

Provision for income taxes. Provision for income taxes increased $0.2 million due to the impact of foreign, state, and local taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

Nine Months Ended June 30, 2024, Compared to the Nine Months Ended June 30, 2023

Segment Results

GovDeals. Total revenues from our GovDeals reportable segment increased 22.7%, or $10.4 million, due to a $84.3 million, or 15.6%, increase in GMV driven by increased personal property sales, particularly in the vehicle and heavy equipment categories, and continued growth in our seller base. Revenue grew at a higher rate than GMV due to the expansion of service offerings to new, higher-volume sellers, including through the acquisition of Sierra. Segment direct profit increased by $9.4 million, or 21.6%, consistent with the increase in revenues. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue remained relatively consistent between the periods.

RSCG. Revenue from our RSCG reportable segment increased by $8.6 million, or 5.7%, due to a $14.2 million, or 6.7%, increase in GMV due to increased volumes in our purchase programs and sell-in place consignment solutions, partially offset by a lower value product mix in selected programs. Segment direct profit decreased by $2.1 million, or 4.1%, and segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 33.6% to 30.4%, due to an increase in the mix of purchase transactions and a lower blended take-rate on our consignment sales from growth in our sell-in-place consignment solutions and the lower value product mix in selected programs. The increased volumes in our purchase programs were associated with lower-touch product flows and did not have a material impact on RSCG's operating expenses.

CAG. Revenue from our CAG reportable segment increased by $1.0 million, or 3.5%, due to a $19.7 million, or 14.7%, increase in GMV driven by consignment sales in our industrial, energy, and heavy equipment categories. Revenue did not increase at the same rate as GMV due to increases in transactions conducted with partners and in the mix of transactions conducted under the consignment model. As a result of the increase in revenues, Segment direct profit increased by $0.1 million, or 0.6%. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased 2.3%, which may fluctuate due to inherent variations in the mix of assets sourced and sold by the CAG segment in any given period. Global supply chains may experience heightened disruptions due to international tensions and other factors, which could limit the volume of assets made available for sale in any period.

Machinio. Revenue from our Machinio reportable segment increased 18.2%, or $1.9 million, due to price increases and continued growth in subscribers. As a result of the increase in revenues, segment direct profit increased 18.7%, or $1.8 million. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue remained relatively consistent between the periods.

Consolidated Results

Total revenues - Total consolidated revenue increased $21.9 million, or 9.3%. Refer to the discussion of Segment Results above for discussion of the increase in revenue.

Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization). Cost of goods sold increased $12.6 million, or 11.8%, due to increased purchase transaction volumes at our RSCG reportable segment.

Technology and operations expenses. Technology and operations expenses increased $1.7 million, or 3.9%, primarily in support of the increased transactions volumes across our reportable segments, including operating costs associated with expanded full-service consignment solutions in our GovDeals segment through our acquisition of Sierra.

Sales and marketing expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased $5.2 million, or 14.6%, due to our market share expansion and client diversification efforts. The nine months ended June 30, 2023 included a $0.9 million non-recurring benefit from a concluded client program.

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General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $2.6 million, or 12.3%, due to a $0.7 million increase in stock compensation, $0.5 million in litigation settlement expense incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2024 (see Note 13 - Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies for further information), increases in variable compensation, and other costs in support of our growth.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.9 million, or 10.2%, in connection with our acquisition of Sierra; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

Other operating expenses (income), net. Other operating expenses (income), net increased $1.0 million, relating to legal, accounting and other professional fees incurred in connection with Sierra and other potential strategic acquisitions.

Interest and other income, net. Interest and other income, net increased $0.8 million, due to the effect of rising interest rates on our cash equivalent and short-term investment holdings.

Provision for income taxes. Provision for income taxes decreased $0.2 million due to the impact of foreign, state, and local taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA. Non-GAAP EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure and is equal to Net income (loss) plus Interest and other (income) expense, net excluding the non-service components of net periodic pension cost (benefit); Provision (benefit) for income taxes; and Depreciation and amortization. Interest and other (income) expense, net, can include non-operating gains and losses, such as from foreign currency fluctuations. Our definition of Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA differs from Non-GAAP EBITDA because we further adjust Non-GAAP EBITDA for stock-based compensation expense, acquisition costs such as transaction expenses and changes in earn out estimates, business realignment expense, deferred revenue purchase accounting adjustments, and goodwill and long-lived asset impairment.

We believe Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA are useful to an investor in evaluating our performance for the following reasons:

•Depreciation and amortization expense primarily relates to property and equipment and the amortization of intangible assets. These expenses are non-cash charges that have fluctuated significantly in the past. As a result, we believe that adding back these non-cash charges is useful in evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year.

•As a result of varying federal and state income tax rates, we believe that presenting a financial measure that adjusts for provision for income taxes is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year to year.

•The authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights to be recognized in the income statement based on their estimated fair values over the requisite vesting period. We believe adjusting for this stock-based compensation expense is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year to year.

•The authoritative guidance related to business combinations requires the initial recognition of contingent consideration at fair value based upon information known or knowable as of the acquisition date, with subsequent changes in fair value recorded through the Consolidated Statements of Operations and disallows the capitalization of transaction costs. We believe adjusting for these acquisition related expenses is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year.

•We believe adjusting for litigation settlement expenses that are not expected to reoccur is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year.

•We believe adjusting for business realignment expense is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year, as these expenses are outside our ordinary course of business.

•We believe isolating non-cash charges, such as amortization and depreciation, and other items, such as impairment costs incurred outside our ordinary course of business, provides additional information about our cost structure, and, over time, helps track our performance.

•We believe Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA are important indicators of our operational strength and the performance of our business because they provide a link between profitability and operating cash flow.

•We also believe that analysts and investors use Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA as supplemental measures to evaluate the overall operating performance of companies in our industry.

Our management uses Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA:

•as measurements of operating performance because they assist us in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis as they remove the impact of items not directly resulting from our core operations;

•for planning purposes, including the preparation of our internal annual operating budget;

•to allocate resources to enhance the financial performance of our business;

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•to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies; and

•to evaluate our capacity to fund capital expenditures and expand our business.

Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA as calculated by us are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. In addition, Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA: (a) do not represent net income (loss) or cash flows from operating activities as defined by GAAP; (b) are not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund our cash flow needs; and (c) should not be considered as alternatives to net income (loss), income (loss) from operations, cash provided by (used in) operating activities or our other financial information as determined under GAAP.

We prepare Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA by eliminating from Non-GAAP EBITDA the impact of items that we do not consider indicative of our core operating performance. You are encouraged to evaluate these adjustments and the reasons we consider them appropriate for supplemental analysis. As an analytical tool, Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA is subject to all of the limitations applicable to Non-GAAP EBITDA. Our presentation of Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an implication that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items.

The table below reconciles Net income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Net income	$	6,000		$	6,487		$	13,616		$	14,698
Interest and other income, net1		(891	)		(761	)		(2,803	)		(1,698	)
Provision for income taxes		2,702			2,543			5,071			5,265
Depreciation and amortization		3,199			2,866			9,297			8,433
EBITDA	$	11,010		$	11,135		$	25,181		$	26,698
Stock compensation expense		2,617			2,195			7,208			6,216
Acquisition-related costs and litigation settlement expense2		1,080			—			1,657			183
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	14,707		$	13,330		$	34,046		$	33,097

1 Interest and other income, net excludes non-services pension and other postretirement expense (benefit).

2 Acquisition-related costs are included in Other operating expenses (income), net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Litigation settlement expense reflects significant legal settlements not expected to reoccur and are included in General and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. For further information see Note 13 - Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies, for details about the litigation settlement that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our operational cash needs primarily relate to working capital, including staffing costs, technology expenses, leases of real estate, and equipment used in our operations, and capital used for inventory purchases, which we have funded through existing cash balances and cash generated from operations. The Company has not paid a dividend historically, nor do we have any intention to do so in the foreseeable future. From time to time, we may use our capital resources for other activities, such as contract start-up costs, joint ventures, share repurchases and acquisitions. As of June 30, 2024, we had $130.3 million in Cash and cash equivalents and $6.5 million in Short-term investments, which we believe is sufficient to meet the Company’s anticipated cash needs for at least one year from the date of these financial statements.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures consist primarily of capitalized software, warehouse equipment, computers and purchased software, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and leasehold improvements. The timing and volume of such capital expenditures in the future will be affected by the addition of new sellers or buyers or expansion of existing seller or buyer relationships. We intend to fund those expenditures primarily from our existing cash balances and operating cash flows. Our capital expenditures for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, were $6.1 million and $3.9 million, respectively. This increase was primarily driven by enhancements to our platforms and marketplaces. As of June 30, 2024, we had no significant outstanding commitments for capital expenditures.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including our rate of revenue growth, the timing and extent of spending to support development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the development and deployment of new marketplaces, the introduction of new value-added services and the costs to expand our network of warehouses including our new lease for warehouse space in Brownsburg, IN which commenced during the nine months ended June 30, 2024. We may seek to enter agreements with respect to potential investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary businesses, products or technologies, which could also require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. The sale of additional equity securities or convertible debt securities would result in additional dilution to our stockholders. Additional debt would result in increased interest expense and could result in covenants that would restrict our operations. There is no assurance that such financing, if required, will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Credit Agreement

The Company maintains a $25.0 million Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Associated (the Credit Agreement). During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2025 (the First Amendment).

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During the six months ended March 31, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2026 (the Second Amendment). No other changes, including with respect to the borrowing terms or capacities, were made to the Credit Agreement as a result of the First Amendment or the Second Amendment.

The Company may draw upon the Credit Agreement for general corporate purposes. Repayments of any borrowings under the Credit Agreement shall become available for redraw at any time by the Company. The interest rate on borrowings under the Credit Agreement is a variable rate per annum equal to the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%. Interest is payable monthly. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not make any draws under the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had no outstanding indebtedness under the Credit Agreement and our borrowing availability was $25.0 million.

The obligations under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by us and each of our existing and subsequently acquired or organized domestic subsidiaries and secured on a first priority basis by a security interest (subject to permitted liens) in substantially all assets owned by us, and each of our other domestic subsidiaries, subject to limited exceptions. The Credit Agreement contains certain financial and non-financial restrictive covenants including, among others, the requirement to maintain a minimum level of earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). The Credit Agreement contains a number of affirmative and restrictive covenants including limitations on mergers, consolidations and dissolutions, investments and acquisitions, indebtedness and liens, and dividends and other restricted payments. As of June 30, 2024, the Company was in full compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement.

Working Capital Management

Most of our sales are recorded subsequent to receipt of payment authorization, utilizing credit cards, wire transfers, and PayPal, an Internet-based payment system, as methods of payments. As a result, we are not subject to significant collection risk, as goods are generally not shipped before payment is received.

We expect to continue to invest in enhancements to our e-commerce technology platform, marketplace capabilities, and tools for data-driven product recommendations, omni-channel behavioral marketing, expanded analytics, and buyer/seller payment optimization.

We intend to indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries outside the United States. As a result, we did not record a provision for deferred U.S. tax expense on the $10.9 million of undistributed foreign earnings as of June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, $25.6 million and $19.1 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents was held outside of the U.S.

Other Uses of Capital Resources

Sierra Acquisition. On January 1, 2024, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding equity securities associated with Sierra Auction Management, Inc. (Sierra), a full-service auction company specializing in the sale of vehicles, equipment and surplus assets for government agencies, commercial businesses, and charities in the southwestern U.S. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for more information regarding this transaction.

Share Repurchases. From time to time, we have been authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. The repurchase program may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $17.0 million of remaining share repurchase authorization through December 31, 2025.

The Company repurchased 22,242 shares for $0.4 million, and 564,887 shares for $9.4 million, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had $7.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2025.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. We do not have any transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements that could be considered material off-balance sheet arrangements.

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Changes in Cash Flows: Nine Months Ended June 30, 2024, Compared to the Nine Months Ended June 30, 2023

Net cash provided by operating activities was $48.2 million and $32.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $15.8 million increase in cash provided by operating activities between periods was primarily attributable to a $18.9 million increase in cash inflows associated with our Payables to sellers due to the receipt of buyer payments for certain, larger consignment asset sales near the end of the quarter. The settlements to the sellers for these sales will occur in the fiscal fourth quarter. As described in Note 13 - Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies for further information, our Accrued expenses and other liabilities increased $3.5 million due to settlement agreement related to a former employee matter, and our Prepaid expenses and other current assets increased $3.0 million due to the expected recovery from our insurance carrier. These amounts are expected to be paid and received, respectively, in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2024.

Our working capital accounts are subject to natural variations depending on the rate of change of our transaction volumes, the timing of cash receipts and payments, and variations in our transaction volumes related to settlements between our buyers and sellers. As GovDeals real estate sales with settlement services increase, operating cash flow fluctuations from Accounts payable and Payables to sellers are expected to become more variable. The amount of cash received and settled will be substantially higher than our take-rate on such transactions, and the timing of auction events, cash collection period, and payment of settlements relative to period end dates can potentially drive substantial cash movements to the extent the timing of such activities cross fiscal periods. While there have been no other significant changes to the working capital requirements for the Company, we are expecting to begin increasing our payments for US federal income taxes in the coming fiscal quarters as our remaining net operating loss carryforwards are used.

Net cash used in investing activities was $17.6 million and $9.5 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $8.2 million increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily driven by $13.3 million in cash paid, net of cash acquired, for the Sierra acquisition; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information. This was partially offset by a $3.9 million increase from the maturation of short-term investments.

Net cash used in financing activities was $10.8 million and $21.8 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $11.0 million decrease in cash used in financing activities was primarily driven by an $11.8 million decrease in share repurchases.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest rate sensitivity. Our investment policy requires us to invest funds in excess of current operating requirements. The principal objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal, provide liquidity, and maximize income consistent with minimizing risk of material loss. As of June 30, 2024, we hold cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments that are subject to varying interest rates based upon their maturities. A hypothetical 100 basis point decline in interest rates would impact our pre-tax earnings by less than $1.0 million on an annualized basis.

As of June 30, 2024, we do not have any debt; however, should the Company draw on our Line of Credit in the future, such draw would incur interest as determined by the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%.

Exchange rate sensitivity. Because of the number of countries and currencies we operate in, movements in currency exchange rates may affect our results. We report our operating results and financial condition in U.S. dollars. Our U.S. operations earn revenues and incur expenses primarily in U.S. dollars.

Outside the United States, we generate revenues and incur expenses in both U.S. dollars and local currencies. Our primary foreign exchange exposures include British Pounds, Canadian Dollars, Chinese Yuan, Euros, and Hong Kong Dollars. When we translate the results and net assets of our international operations into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes, movements in exchange rates will affect our reported results. Volatile market conditions arising from ongoing macroeconomic conditions such as rising interest rates at federal banks, as well as armed and geopolitical conflicts around the world, may result in significant changes in exchange rates, which could affect our results of operations expressed in U.S. dollars. A hypothetical 10% decrease in foreign exchange rates reduce our total expected revenues by approximately 1%. The potential impact on pre-tax earnings would be less as total expected expenses would also decrease.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As of June 30, 2024, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no change occurred in our internal controls over financial reporting that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of the business. Information regarding the Company's legal proceedings can be found in Note 13 - Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies, of the accompanying Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors set forth in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table presents information about our repurchases of common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)                  (in thousands)		Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as a Part of a Publicly Announced Program (in thousands)		Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Programs(2)                            (in millions)
April 1, 2024 to April 30, 2024		22	$	17.02	22		$	7.6
May 1, 2024 to May 31, 2024	—				—		$	7.6
June 1, 2024 to June 30, 2024	—				—		$	7.6
Total		22				22

1 Separate from the share repurchase program, our stock incentive plans allow for participants to exercise stock options by surrendering shares of common stock equivalent in value to the exercise price due. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no shares of common stock were surrendered by participants in the exercise of stock options. Any shares surrendered to the Company in this manner are not available for future grant.

2 On September 8, 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized and announced a new stock repurchase plan of up to $17.0 million of the Company’s common stock through December 31, 2025.

From time to time, we have been authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. Repurchase programs may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company had $7.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2025.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
3.1	Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Fourth A&R Certificate"), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-129656), filed with the SEC on January 17, 2006.
3.2	Certificate of Amendment of the Fourth A&R Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Appendix A to the Company’s Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on January 24, 2023.
3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 5, 2022.
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	The following materials from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC.
		(Registrant)
August 8, 2024	By:	/s/ William P. Angrick, III
		William P. Angrick, III
		Chairman of the Board of Directors
		and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
August 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Jorge A. Celaya
		Jorge A. Celaya
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

34

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, William P. Angrick, III, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Liquidity Services, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

August 8, 2024

/s/ William P. Angrick, III
By:	William P. Angrick, III
Title:	Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Jorge A. Celaya, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Liquidity Services, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

August 8, 2024

/s/ Jorge A. Celaya
By:	Jorge A. Celaya
Title:	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Liquidity Services, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, William P. Angrick, III, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, to the best of my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

August 8, 2024	/s/ William P. Angrick, III
	William P. Angrick, III
	Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION IS BEING FURNISHED SOLELY PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 AND IS NOT BEING FILED AS PART OF THE FORM 10-Q OR AS A SEPARATE DISCLOSURE DOCUMENT.

A SIGNED ORIGINAL OF THIS WRITTEN STATEMENT REQUIRED BY SECTION 906, OR OTHER DOCUMENT AUTHENTICATING, ACKNOWLEDGING, OR OTHERWISE ADOPTING THE SIGNATURE THAT APPEARS IN TYPED FORM WITHIN THE ELECTRONIC VERSION OF THIS WRITTEN STATEMENT REQUIRED BY SECTION 906, HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC. AND WILL BE RETAINED BY LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC. AND FURNISHED TO THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ITS STAFF UPON REQUEST.

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Liquidity Services, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Jorge A. Celaya, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, to the best of my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

August 8, 2024	/s/ Jorge A. Celaya
	Jorge A. Celaya
	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

THE FOREGOING CERTIFICATION IS BEING FURNISHED SOLELY PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 AND IS NOT BEING FILED AS PART OF THE FORM 10-Q OR AS A SEPARATE DISCLOSURE DOCUMENT.

A SIGNED ORIGINAL OF THIS WRITTEN STATEMENT REQUIRED BY SECTION 906, OR OTHER DOCUMENT AUTHENTICATING, ACKNOWLEDGING, OR OTHERWISE ADOPTING THE SIGNATURE THAT APPEARS IN TYPED FORM WITHIN THE ELECTRONIC VERSION OF THIS WRITTEN STATEMENT REQUIRED BY SECTION 906, HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC. AND WILL BE RETAINED BY LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC. AND FURNISHED TO THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ITS STAFF UPON REQUEST.

XML

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Aug. 05, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	0-51813
Entity Registrant Name	LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	52-2209244
Entity Address, Address Line One	6931 Arlington Road
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 460
Entity Address, City or Town	Bethesda
Entity Address, State or Province	MD
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	20814
City Area Code	202
Local Phone Number	467-6868
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Trading Symbol	LQDT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		30,532,399
Entity Central Index Key	0001235468
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 130,312	$ 110,281
Short-term investments	6,486	7,891
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,710 and $1,424	8,823	7,848
Inventory, net	13,275	11,116
Prepaid taxes and tax refund receivable	1,650	1,783
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	12,679	7,349
Total current assets	173,225	146,268
Property and equipment, net	17,047	17,156
Operating lease assets	13,289	9,888
Intangible assets, net	14,860	12,457
Goodwill	97,565	89,388
Deferred tax assets	2,733	7,050
Other assets	6,819	6,762
Total assets	325,538	288,970
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	40,877	39,115
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	27,803	23,809
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	5,213	4,101
Deferred revenue	4,905	4,701
Payables to sellers	64,453	48,992
Total current liabilities	143,251	120,718
Operating lease liabilities	10,226	6,581
Other long-term liabilities	91	137
Total liabilities	153,568	127,436
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 120,000,000 shares authorized; 36,525,606 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024; 36,142,346 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023	36	36
Additional paid-in capital	271,825	265,945
Treasury stock, at cost; 5,997,932 shares at June 30, 2024, and 5,433,045 shares at September 30, 2023	(93,482)	(84,031)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(10,067)	(10,457)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)	3,658	(9,958)
Total stockholders’ equity	171,970	161,533
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 325,538	$ 288,970

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts (in dollars)	$ 1,710	$ 1,424
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	120,000,000	120,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	36,525,606	36,142,346
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	36,525,606	36,142,346
Treasury Stock, Common, Shares	5,997,932	5,433,045

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Total revenue	$ 93,613	$ 80,770	$ 256,391	$ 234,505
Costs and expenses from operations:
Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization)	44,212	35,201	119,960	107,340
Technology and operations	15,372	13,927	45,136	43,423
Sales and marketing	13,759	13,068	40,934	35,712
General and administrative	8,603	7,454	23,846	21,243
Depreciation and amortization	3,199	2,866	9,297	8,433
Other operating expenses (income), net	573	(1)	1,080	128
Total costs and expenses	85,718	72,515	240,253	216,279
Income from operations	7,895	8,255	16,138	18,226
Interest and other income, net	(807)	(775)	(2,549)	(1,737)
Income before provision for income taxes	8,702	9,030	18,687	19,963
Provision for income taxes	2,702	2,543	5,071	5,265
Net income	$ 6,000	$ 6,487	$ 13,616	$ 14,698
Basic income per common share (in usd per share)	$ 0.2	$ 0.21	$ 0.45	$ 0.47
Diluted income per common share (in usd per share)	$ 0.19	$ 0.21	$ 0.43	$ 0.46
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	30,388,675	30,605,963	30,497,820	31,243,979
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	31,464,461	31,513,488	31,617,578	32,193,239
Purchase revenues
Total revenue	$ 53,396	$ 42,809	$ 142,726	$ 128,715
Consignment and other fee revenues
Total revenue	$ 40,217	$ 37,961	$ 113,665	$ 105,790

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 6,000	$ 6,487	$ 13,616	$ 14,698
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation	(110)	645	391	2,161
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes	(110)	645	391	2,161
Comprehensive income	$ 5,890	$ 7,132	$ 14,007	$ 16,859

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Retained Earnings
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022		35,724,057
Balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 154,536	$ 36	$ 258,275		$ (10,285)	$ (30,936)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022				(3,813,199)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	3,967					3,967
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		190,119
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units	495		495
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)		(14,536)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(244)		(244)
Common stock repurchased	(7,199)			$ (7,199)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)				(531,819)
Stock compensation expense	2,126		2,126
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		35,899,640
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	154,953	$ 36	260,653		(9,012)	(26,970)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022				(4,345,018)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022		35,724,057
Balance at Sep. 30, 2022	154,536	$ 36	258,275		(10,285)	(30,936)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022				(3,813,199)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	14,698
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023		36,115,562
Balance at Jun. 30, 2023	155,809	$ 36	264,162		(8,124)	(16,238)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023				(5,432,546)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		35,899,640
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	154,953	$ 36	260,653		(9,012)	(26,970)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022				(4,345,018)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	4,245					4,245
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		184,791
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)		(34,713)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(492)		(492)
Common stock repurchased	(9,814)			$ (9,814)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)				(749,903)
Stock compensation expense	1,939		1,939
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		36,049,718
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023	151,074	$ 36	262,118		(8,769)	(22,725)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023				(5,096,341)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	6,487					6,487
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		87,515
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)		(21,671)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(324)		(324)
Common stock repurchased	(4,268)			$ (4,268)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)				(325,410)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options			173	$ (173)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options (in shares)				(10,795)
Stock compensation expense	2,195		2,195
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023		36,115,562
Balance at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 155,809	$ 36	264,162		(8,124)	(16,238)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023				(5,432,546)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	36,142,346	36,142,345
Balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 161,533	$ 36	265,945	$ (84,031)	(10,458)	(9,958)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	5,433,045			(5,433,045)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	$ 1,907					1,907
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		59,471
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units	127		127
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)		(12,058)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(224)		(224)
Common stock repurchased	(1,171)			$ (1,171)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)				(68,692)
Stock compensation expense	2,249		2,249
Foreign currency translation	958				958
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		36,189,758
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 165,379	$ 36	268,096	$ (85,202)	(9,500)	(8,051)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023				(5,501,737)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	36,142,346	36,142,345
Balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 161,533	$ 36	265,945	$ (84,031)	(10,458)	(9,958)
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	5,433,045			(5,433,045)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	$ 13,616
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	36,525,606	36,525,606		(5,997,932)
Balance at Jun. 30, 2024	$ 171,970	$ 36	271,825	$ (93,482)	(10,067)	3,658
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	5,997,932
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		36,189,758
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 165,379	$ 36	268,096	$ (85,202)	(9,500)	(8,051)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023				(5,501,737)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	5,709					5,709
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		353,069
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)		(66,464)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(1,142)		(1,142)
Common stock repurchased	(7,907)			$ (7,907)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)				(473,953)
Stock compensation expense	2,343		2,343
Foreign currency translation	(457)				(457)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		36,476,363
Balance at Mar. 31, 2024	163,925	$ 36	269,297	$ (93,109)	(9,957)	(2,342)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024				(5,975,690)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income	6,000					6,000
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		53,921
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)		(4,678)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(89)		(89)
Common stock repurchased	(373)			$ (373)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)				(22,242)
Stock compensation expense	2,617		2,617
Foreign currency translation	$ (110)				(110)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	36,525,606	36,525,606		(5,997,932)
Balance at Jun. 30, 2024	$ 171,970	$ 36	$ 271,825	$ (93,482)	$ (10,067)	$ 3,658
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	5,997,932

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Operating activities
Net income	$ 13,616	$ 14,698
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	9,297	8,433
Stock compensation expense	7,208	6,023
Inventory adjustment to net realizable value	163	859
Provision for doubtful accounts	733	519
Deferred tax expense	4,318	4,556
Gain on disposal of property and equipment	(30)	(60)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(1,599)	5,209
Inventory	(2,286)	(1,636)
Prepaid taxes and tax refund receivable	134	(135)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(5,521)	(2,117)
Operating lease assets and liabilities	1,353	(207)
Accounts payable	1,549	2,496
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	3,795	(2,762)
Deferred revenue	204	261
Payables to sellers	15,281	(3,653)
Other liabilities	0	(128)
Net cash provided by operating activities	48,215	32,356
Investing activities
Cash paid for business acquisition, net of cash acquired	(13,265)	0
Purchases of property and equipment, including capitalized software	(6,065)	(3,905)
Purchase of short-term investments	(2,264)	(5,603)
Maturities of short-term investments	3,888	0
Other investing activities, net	60	58
Net cash used in investing activities	(17,646)	(9,450)
Financing activities
Common stock repurchases	(9,426)	(21,198)
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(1,455)	(1,060)
Payments of the principal portion of finance lease liabilities	(72)	(75)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of tax	128	496
Net cash used in financing activities	(10,825)	(21,837)
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents	287	956
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	20,031	2,025
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	110,281	96,122
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	130,312	98,147
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for income taxes, net	$ 810	975
Non-cash: Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options		$ 191

XML

Organization

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization

1.Organization

Liquidity Services, Inc. (Liquidity Services, the Company) is a leading global commerce company providing trusted online marketplace platforms that power the circular economy. We create a better future for organizations, individuals, and the planet by using technology to capture and unleash the intrinsic value of surplus. We connect millions of buyers and thousands of sellers through our leading e-commerce auction marketplaces, search engines, asset management software, and related services. Our comprehensive solutions enable the transparent, efficient, sustainable recovery of value from excess items owned by business and government sellers.

Our business delivers value to shareholders by unleashing the intrinsic value of surplus through our online marketplace platforms. These platforms ignite and enable a self-reinforcing cycle of value creation where buyers and sellers attract one another in greater numbers. The result of this cycle is a continuous flow of goods that becomes increasingly valuable as more participants join the platforms, thereby creating positive network effects that benefit sellers, buyers, and shareholders.

Liquidity Services was incorporated in Delaware in November 1999 as Liquidation.com, Inc. and commenced operations in early 2000.

Reportable Segments

The Company has four reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Further information and operating results of our reportable segments can be found in Note 14 - Segment Information.

•GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through our GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

•RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces.

•CAG. The CAG reportable segment provides solutions to sellers and consists of marketplaces that enable commercial businesses to sell surplus assets. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.

•Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing used equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, transportation, printing, and agriculture sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of online marketing tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

The Company's operations are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are associated with technology-oriented companies, including, but not limited to, the Company's dependence on use of the Internet; the effect of general business and economic trends including inflationary pressures and impacts from interest rate changes; ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts; the Company's susceptibility to rapid technological change; actual and potential competition by entities with greater financial and other resources; and the potential for the commercial sellers from which the Company derives a significant portion of its inventory to change the way they conduct their disposition of surplus assets or to otherwise terminate or not renew their contracts with the Company.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In management's opinion, all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included, and intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The information disclosed in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for these periods is unaudited. Operating results for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2024, or for any future period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, these estimates required the Company to make assumptions about the impact of ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts, and other disruptions to macroeconomic conditions and, in turn, the Company's results of operations. The Company will continue to update its assumptions as conditions change. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets reflect an estimate of expenses that will be reimbursed upon settlement with a seller. The contract asset balance was $1.0 million as of June 30, 2024, and $0.9 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities reflect obligations to provide services for which the Company has already received consideration, and generally arise from up-front payments received in connection with Machinio's subscription services. The contract liability balance was $4.9 million as of June 30, 2024, and $4.7 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Deferred revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Of the September 30, 2023 contract liability balance, $4.3 million was earned as other fee revenue during the nine months ended June 30, 2024.

For the Company's Machinio segment, the performance obligation has been identified as the stand ready obligation to provide access to the Machinio subscription services, which it satisfies over time and recognizes as other fee revenues in the line-item Consignment and other fee revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of June 30, 2024, the Machinio segment had a remaining performance obligation of $4.9 million; the Company expects to recognize the substantial majority of that amount as other fee revenues over the next 12 months.

Contract Costs

Contract costs relate to sales commissions paid on subscription contracts that are capitalized within our Machinio segment. Contract costs are amortized over the expected life of the customer contract. The contract cost balance was $2.3 million as of June 30, 2024, and $2.2 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization expense was $0.4 million and $0.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $1.1 million and $0.9 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Risk Associated with Certain Concentrations

For the majority of buyers that receive goods before payment to the Company is made, credit evaluations are performed. However, for the remaining buyers, goods are not shipped before payment is made, and as a result, the Company is not subject to significant collection risk from those buyers.

For consignment sales transactions, funds are typically collected from buyers and are held by the Company on the sellers' behalf. The funds are included in Cash and cash equivalents on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company releases the funds to the seller, less the Company's commission and other fees due, through Accounts payable after the buyer has accepted the goods or within 30 days, depending on the state where the buyer and seller conduct business.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash in banks within non-interest bearing, interest-bearing, and earnings allowance checking accounts, as well as cash equivalent money market funds, all of which exceed the applicable U.S. federal (FDIC and/or SIPC) and local jurisdiction (foreign banking institutions) insurance limits, and Accounts receivable.

The Company deposits its cash in interest bearing checking accounts, acquires cash equivalent money market funds, and holds short-term investments designated as held-to-maturity investment securities, each with financial institutions that the Company considers to be of high credit quality. Management continually monitors the financial institutions with whom we conduct business and responds appropriately, when necessary, to manage potential risk exposure to our cash balances above the insurance limits.

We have multiple vendor contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. under which we acquire and sell commercial merchandise. While purchase model transactions account for less than 20% of our total GMV, the cost of inventory for purchase model transactions is the most significant component of our consolidated Costs of goods sold. $8.6 million and $5.8 million of inventory purchased under such contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. is included in the line-item Inventory on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. Our vendor contracts with respect to sourcing or consigning merchandise for our RSCG segment generally reflect the concentration dynamics inherent to the retail industry.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326). The majority of the Company’s sales require payment in advance of the sale, but a limited number of buyers are approved to conduct sales on credit. Accounts receivables related to those sales are generally short-term in nature and do not require the posting of collateral. The Company estimates its allowances for credit loss based on historical collection trends, the age of outstanding receivables, existing economic conditions, and the specific facts and circumstances of individual customers. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. Past-due account balances are written off when the Company’s internal collection efforts have been unsuccessful in collecting the amounts due. The Company adopted the new standard effective October 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. It will require organizations to provide enhanced disclosures primarily regarding significant segment expenses. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025. The guidance is required to be applied on a retrospective basis, with all such required disclosures to be made with regard to all fiscal years presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU will require organizations to disclose specific categories in their tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026. The guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

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Sierra Acquisition

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

Sierra Acquisition

3.Sierra Acquisition

On January 1, 2024, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding equity securities associated with Sierra Auction Management, Inc. (Sierra), a full-service auction company specializing in the sale of vehicles, equipment and surplus assets for government agencies, commercial businesses, and charities. Total preliminary purchase consideration was approximately $13.8 million paid in cash. As of June 30, 2024, the Company's purchase price allocation related to this acquisition is preliminary and subject to revision as additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date.

In connection with its acquisition of Sierra, the Company preliminarily recorded the fair value of acquired supplier relationships and trade name assets for $5.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and goodwill of $8.0 million. The supplier relationships and trade name shall be amortized on a straight-line basis over a useful life of six and three years, respectively. The total goodwill arising from the acquisition is included in the GovDeals reportable segment and is deductible for tax purposes.

Sierra's financial results are reported within the GovDeals reportable segment. Revenue, net income (loss), and pro forma information related to the Sierra acquisition was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements and its related notes for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024.

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

4.Earnings per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing Net income for the period by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing Net income for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the period. The calculation of Diluted net income per share excludes all anti-dilutive common shares.

The computation of Basic and Diluted net income per share is as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,000	$	6,487	$	13,616	$	14,698
Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		30,388,675		30,605,963		30,497,820		31,243,979
Dilutive impact of stock options, RSUs and RSAs		1,075,786		907,525		1,119,758		949,260
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		31,464,461		31,513,488		31,617,578		32,193,239
Basic income per common share	$	0.20	$	0.21	$	0.45	$	0.47
Diluted income per common share	$	0.19	$	0.21	$	0.43	$	0.46
Stock options, RSUs and RSAs excluded from income per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive		1,676,121		1,813,106		1,696,121		1,834,550

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Leases

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

5.Leases

The Company has operating leases for its corporate offices, warehouses, vehicles, and equipment. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company entered into a lease for warehouse space in Brownsburg, IN, in order to continue serving our RSCG buyers and sellers following the expiration of our Plainfield, IN lease.

The operating leases have remaining terms of up to 4.9 years. Some of the leases have options to extend or terminate the leases. The exercise of such options is generally at the Company’s discretion. The lease agreements do not contain any significant residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. The Company also subleases excess corporate office space. The Company's finance leases and related balances are not significant.

The components of lease expense are:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Finance lease – lease asset amortization	$	18		$	20		$	56		$	59
Finance lease – interest on lease liabilities		4			4			9			12
Operating lease cost		1,418			1,327			4,046			4,011
Short-term lease cost		90			78			214			348
Variable lease cost (1)		282			199			889			948
Sublease income		(3	)		(27	)		(18	)		(78	)
Total net lease cost	$	1,809		$	1,601		$	5,196		$	5,300

(1)Variable lease costs primarily relate to the Company's election to combine non-lease components such as common area maintenance, insurance and taxes related to its real estate leases. To a lesser extent, the Company's equipment leases have variable costs associated with usage and subsequent changes to costs based upon an index.

Maturities of lease liabilities are:

	June 30, 2024
	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
Remainder of 2024	$	1,422		$	21
2025		5,869			68
2026		4,202			65
2027		2,404			12
2028		2,050			—
Thereafter		1,196			—
Total lease payments (1)	$	17,143		$	166
Less: imputed interest (2)		(1,705	)		(10	)
Total lease liabilities	$	15,439		$	156

(1)The weighted average remaining lease term is 3.5 years for operating leases and 2.4 years for finance leases.

(2)The weighted average discount rate is 6.1 % for operating leases and 5.6 % for finance leases.

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases are:

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities	$	3,437	$	3,598
Cash paid for amounts included in finance lease liabilities	$	79	$	75
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new operating lease assets obtained	$	5,691	$	—
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new finance lease assets obtained	$	—	$	—
Non-cash: adjustments to lease assets and liabilities(1)	$	360	$	408

(1)These include adjustments due to lease modifications, renewals, and other related adjustments.

Lease liabilities increased during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, due to the commencement of a lease for new warehouse space in Brownsburg, IN during the period, as well as new leases relating to the Sierra acquisition. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

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Goodwill

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill

6.Goodwill

The carrying value and changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable segment were as follows:

(in thousands)	GovDeals		CAG		Machinio		Total
September 30, 2022	$	53,814	$	20,538	$	14,558	$	88,910
Translation adjustments		—		478		—		478
September 30, 2023		53,814		21,016		14,558		89,388
Sierra acquisition (see Note 3)		7,977		—		—		7,977
Translation adjustments		—		200		—		200
June 30, 2024	$	61,791	$	21,216	$	14,558	$	97,565

The increase in the goodwill balance of approximately $8.0 million at the GovDeals reportable segment and reporting unit during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, is due to the Sierra acquisition. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the beginning of the fourth quarter and during interim periods whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company did not identify any indicators of impairment that required an interim goodwill impairment test during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024.

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Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]

Intangible Assets

7.Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following:

		June 30, 2024							September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Customer and supplier relationships	6 - 8	$	22,100	$	(8,158	)	$	13,942	$	17,000	$	(6,043	)	$	10,957
Technology	3 - 5		4,900		(4,656	)		244		4,900		(4,105	)		795
Trade names	3 - 7		2,200		(1,691	)		509		1,900		(1,381	)		519
Other intangibles	10		890		(725	)		165		875		(689	)		186
Total intangible assets, net		$	30,090	$	(15,230	)	$	14,860	$	24,675	$	(12,218	)	$	12,457

The Company has reclassified certain assets within the footnote for presentation purposes only, as well as renamed certain accounts. No changes have been made to the assets' respective underlying recorded amounts or useful lives, and there has been no effect on the current nor prior year financial results. What was previously classified as “Contract intangibles” is now “Customer and supplier relationships”. The Company has reclassified Brand intangibles from “Technology” and is now included within the “Trade names” intangible asset type. Previously reported “Patents and trademarks” have been separated such that “Other intangibles” are now comprised of patents and related assets. The gross carrying amount of total intangible assets increased by $5.4 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, due to the Sierra acquisition. The acquired supplier relationships and trade name assets are included in the above line items of Customer and supplier relationships and Trade names, respectively. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

Future expected amortization of intangible assets as of June 30, 2024, is as follows:

(in thousands)
Years ending September 30,	Expected Future Amortization
Remainder of 2024	$	954
2025		2,965
2026		2,720
2027		2,637
2028 and thereafter		5,584
Total	$	14,860

Intangible asset amortization expense was $1.1 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 3.0 million and $2.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company did not record impairment charges on any intangible assets during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024. The Company did not identify any indicators of impairment requiring an interim impairment test on material long-lived assets during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

8.Income Taxes

The Company’s interim effective income tax rate is based on management’s best current estimate of the Company's expected annual effective income tax rate. The Company recorded pre-tax income in the first nine months of fiscal year 2024 and its corresponding effective tax rate is 27.1% compared to 26.4% for the first nine months of fiscal year 2023. The change in the effective tax rate for the nine months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in the prior year, was primarily due to state and foreign taxes, and the utilization of net operating losses. The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. statutory federal rate of 21% primarily as a result of the impact of foreign, state, and local income taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) was enacted on August 16, 2022. The IRA includes provisions imposing a 1% excise tax on share repurchases that occur after December 31, 2022, and introduces a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) on adjusted financial statement income. The CAMT is effective for us in fiscal year 2024. The IRA has not had a material adverse impact on our financial statements.

The Company applies the authoritative guidance related to uncertainty in income taxes. ASC 740, Income Taxes, states that a benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of technical merits. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not record any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various state and local jurisdictions and in foreign jurisdictions, primarily Canada and the United Kingdom. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has no open income tax examinations in the U.S. and the statute of limitations for years prior to 2020 is now closed. However, certain tax attribute carryforwards that were generated prior to fiscal year 2020 may be adjusted upon examination by tax authorities if they are utilized.

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Debt

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

9.Debt

On February 10, 2022, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (the Credit Agreement). Terms of the Credit Agreement provide for revolving loans (the Line of Credit) up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million with a $10.0 million sublimit for standby letters of credit.

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2025 (the First Amendment).

During the six months ended March 31, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2026 (the Second Amendment). No other changes, including regarding the borrowing terms or capacities, were made to the Credit Agreement as a result of the First Amendment or the Second Amendment.

The applicable interest rate on any draws under the Line of Credit is a variable rate per annum equal to the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%. Interest is payable monthly. The Company pays an Unused Commitment Fee (as defined in the Credit Agreement), on a quarterly basis, equal to 0.05% per annum on the daily amount of the available, but unused, balance on the Line of Credit. The Company also pays a Line of Credit Fee (as defined in the Credit Agreement), on a quarterly basis, equal to 1.25% on the daily amount available to be drawn for standby letters of credit. Interest incurred on any draws under the Line of Credit, as well as the Unused Commitment Fee and Line of Credit Fee, are included within Interest and other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company may draw upon the Line of Credit for general corporate purposes. Repayments of any borrowings under the Line of Credit shall become available for redraw at any time by the Company.

The Credit Agreement contains certain financial and non-financial restrictive covenants including, among others, the requirement to maintain a minimum level of earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and restrictive covenants including covenants placing limitations on mergers, consolidations and dissolutions, investments and acquisitions, indebtedness and liens, and dividends and other restricted payments. As of June 30, 2024, the Company complied with the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement.

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company did not make any draws under the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement.

During the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, interest expense incurred by the Company under the Credit Agreement was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

10.Stockholders’ Equity

The changes in stockholders’ equity for the prior year comparable period are as follows:

						Additional									Accumulated Other
	Common Stock					Paid-in			Treasury Stock						Comprehensive			Retained
	Shares			Amount		Capital			Shares			Amount			Loss			Earnings			Total
Balance at September 30, 2022		35,724,057		$	36	$	258,275			(3,813,199	)	$	(62,554	)	$	(10,285	)	$	(30,936	)	$	154,536
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			3,967			3,967
Exercise of stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		190,119			—		495			—			—			—			—			495
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(14,536	)		—		(244	)		—			—			—			—			(244	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(531,819	)		(7,199	)		—			—			(7,199	)
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,126			—			—			—			—			2,126
Foreign currency translation and other		—			—		—			—			—			1,273			—			1,273
Balance at December 31, 2022		35,899,640		$	36	$	260,653			(4,345,018	)	$	(69,754	)	$	(9,012	)	$	(26,970	)	$	154,953
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			4,245			4,245
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		184,791			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(34,713	)		—		(492	)		—			—			—			—			(492	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(749,903	)		(9,814	)		—			—			(9,814	)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options		—			—		18			(1,420	)		(18	)		—			—			—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		1,939			—			—			—			—			1,939
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			243			—			243
Balance at March 31, 2023		36,049,718		$	36	$	262,118			(5,096,341	)	$	(79,586	)	$	(8,769	)	$	(22,725	)	$	151,074
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			6,487			6,487
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		87,515			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(21,671	)		—		(324	)		—			—			—			—			(324	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(325,410	)		(4,268	)		—			—			(4,268	)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options		—			—		173			(10,795	)		(173	)								—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,195			—			—			—			—			2,195
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			645			—			645
Balance at June 30, 2023		36,115,562		$	36	$	264,162			(5,432,546	)	$	(84,027	)	$	(8,124	)	$	(16,238	)	$	155,809

Stock Compensation Incentive Plans

The Company has several incentive plans under which stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), restricted stock awards (RSAs), and cash-settled stock appreciation rights (SARs) have been issued, including the Third Amended and Restated 2006 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended (LTIP), and a plan and private placement issuances related to the Company’s acquisition of Machinio and Bid4Assets. The Machinio plan expired according to its terms on April 17, 2024. During the nine months ended June 30, 2024, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the LTIP to increase the number of shares of common stock from 20,300,000 to 22,800,000, reserved for issuance for exercises of stock options and vesting of RSUs under these plans. Vesting of RSUs count as 1.5x shares against the plan reserves. As of June 30, 2024, 2,422,677 shares of common stock remained available for use under the LTIP.

Stock Compensation Expense

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Equity-classified awards:
Stock options	$	550	$	524	$	1,574	$	1,524
RSUs & RSAs		2,067		1,671		5,634		4,737
Total Equity-classified award		2,617		2,195		7,208		6,261
Liability-classified awards:
SARs		—		—		—		(45	)
Total stock compensation expense:	$	2,617	$	2,195	$	7,208	$	6,216

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense by line-item within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock-compensation expense by function
Technology and operations	$	405	$	356	$	1,085	$	948
Sales and marketing		692		612		1,967		1,780
General and administrative		1,520		1,227		4,156		3,488
Total stock compensation expense:	$	2,617	$	2,195	$	7,208	$	6,216

Stock Options and RSUs & RSAs

The following table presents stock option and RSUs & RSAs grant activity:

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2024
Stock Options granted:
Options containing only service conditions:		125,955
Weighted average exercise price	$	18.00
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	9.03
Options containing performance conditions:		125,955
Weighted average exercise price	$	18.00
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	9.03
RSUs & RSAs granted:
RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions:		364,446
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	19.03
RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions:		303,610
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	19.29

The stock options and RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions will vest over a four-year service period. The stock options and RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions will vest upon the achievement of specified financial targets of the Company, a segment, or a division of a segment. Vesting is measured on the first day of each fiscal quarter over the three-year terms of the awards, starting with the first fiscal quarter after the first anniversary of the grant date.

The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, were as follows:

	Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2024
Dividend yield		—
Expected volatility	59.08% - 60.83%
Risk-free interest rate	3.83% - 3.88%
Expected term	4.5 - 5.0 years

Share Repurchase Program

From time to time, we may be authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases,

privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. The repurchase program may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $17.0 million of remaining share repurchase authorization through December 31, 2025.

The Company repurchased 22,242 shares for $0.4 million, and 564,887 shares for $9.4 million, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had $7.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2025.

Other Share Repurchases

Separate from the share repurchase program, our stock incentive plans allow for participants to exercise stock options by surrendering shares of common stock equivalent in value to the exercise price due. Any shares surrendered to the Company in this manner are not available for future grant.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, participants surrendered 0 and 12,215 shares of common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercise of stock options.

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Fair Value Measurement

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurement

11.Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures and records certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Authoritative guidance issued by the FASB establishes a fair value hierarchy for those instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date;

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Cash and cash equivalents. The Company had $58.0 million and $51.4 million of money market funds considered cash equivalents at June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. These assets were measured at fair value as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, and were classified as Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

Short-term investments. The Company had $6.5 million and $7.9 million of guaranteed investment certificates considered investments at June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. As these investments have maturity dates of 12 months or less from the balance sheet date, they have been classified as short-term in nature. These assets were measured at fair value as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, and were classified as Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

Other Information. When valuing its Level 3 liability, management's estimation of fair value is based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management's own assumptions around market demand which could involve a level of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors.

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value are cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and payables to sellers. The Company believes the carrying values of these instruments approximate fair value.

As of June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any material assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

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Defined Benefit Pension Plan

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

12.Defined Benefit Pension Plan

Certain employees of Liquidity Services UK Limited (GoIndustry), which the Company acquired in July 2012, are covered by the Henry Butcher Pension Fund and Life Assurance Scheme (the Scheme), a qualified defined benefit pension plan. The Company guarantees GoIndustry's performance on all present and future obligations to make payments to the Scheme for up to a maximum of £10 million British pounds. The Scheme was closed to new members on January 1, 2002.

The net periodic pension cost (benefit) is recognized within Interest and other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and was $0.1 million and immaterial during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $0.3 million and immaterial during the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

13. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

The Company reserves for contingent liabilities based on ASC 450, Contingencies, when it determines that a liability is probable and reasonably estimable.

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of the business. However, unless otherwise noted, there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against the Company that, if adversely determined, would in the Company's management's judgment have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Former Employee Matters

In May 2021, the Company’s former Vice President, Human Resources filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland (the “District Court”), alleging wrongful termination on the basis of gender, race, and age. The Company’s employment practices liability insurance carrier, CNA, accepted tender of these claims. In December 2022, the District Court dismissed plaintiff’s age discrimination claim but the court allowed the race and gender claims to go to trial. Trial on the race and gender claims began late October 2023. The jury was unable to reach a unanimous verdict on either claim, and accordingly, the judge declared a mistrial in November 2023. On August 1, 2024, plaintiff and the Company entered into a settlement agreement under which the Company will pay to plaintiff $3.5 million in exchange for a full release and dismissal with prejudice of plaintiff’s claims, which is included in the line-item Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. LSI entered into the Agreement as a negotiated compromise and settlement of litigation, and not in any way as an admission of liability or fault by the Company. CNA funded $3.0 million of the settlement pursuant to the terms of the Company’s insurance policy and this is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As a result of the settlement agreement, the Company recorded a $0.5 million litigation settlement expense net of insurance recovery, which is included in General and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

On December 28, 2022, the Company’s former Chief Marketing Officer (the “Former CMO”) filed a complaint (the “Original Complaint”) in the District Court, alleging wrongful termination on the basis of race and age and that the Company retaliated against him. On April 26, 2023, the Former CMO filed an amended complaint with the District Court, alleging the same claims made in the Original Complaint. The Company's motion to dismiss certain of the Former CMO's claims was denied on March 27, 2024. The parties are entering the discovery phase of the case, which is currently scheduled to be completed by September 9, 2024 . The Company is asserting substantial defenses and cannot estimate a range of potential liability, if any, at this time. CNA has accepted tender of these claims as well.

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Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

14.Segment Information

The Company has four reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Descriptions of our reportable segments are as follows:

•GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through our GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.

•RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces.

•CAG. The CAG reportable segment provides solutions to sellers and consists of marketplaces that enable commercial businesses to sell surplus assets. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.

•Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing used equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, transportation, printing, and agriculture sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of online marketing tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

We also report results for Corporate, including elimination adjustments.

Decisions concerning the allocation of the Company’s resources are made by the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), which is the Company's Chief Executive Officer, with oversight by the Board of Directors. The Company reports reportable segment information based on the internal performance measures used by the CODM to assess the performance of each operating segment in a given period. In connection with that assessment, the CODM uses segment direct profit to evaluate the performance of each segment. Segment direct profit is calculated as total revenue less cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization).

The following table sets forth certain financial information for the Company's reportable segments:

		Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)		2024			2023			2024			2023
GovDeals:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		22,109			17,270			56,384			45,956
	Total revenue		22,109			17,270			56,384			45,956
	Segment direct profit	$	20,716		$	16,389		$	52,982		$	43,572
RSCG:
	Purchase revenue	$	51,713		$	41,439		$	134,971		$	121,651
	Consignment and other fee revenues		7,051			9,532			24,328			29,006
	Total revenue		58,764			50,971			159,299			150,657
	Segment direct profit	$	17,365		$	17,876		$	48,478		$	50,562
CAG:
	Purchase revenue	$	1,683		$	1,370		$	7,755		$	7,064
	Consignment and other fee revenues		6,967			7,615			21,009			20,731
	Total revenue		8,650			8,985			28,764			27,795
	Segment direct profit	$	7,430		$	7,938		$	23,611		$	23,466
Machinio:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		4,106			3,559			11,994			10,144
	Total revenue		4,106			3,559			11,994			10,144
	Segment direct profit	$	3,906		$	3,381		$	11,409		$	9,611
Corporate, including elimination adjustments:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		(16	)		(16	)		(49	)		(47	)
	Total revenue		(16	)		(16	)		(49	)		(47	)
	Segment direct profit	$	(16	)	$	(16	)	$	(49	)	$	(47	)
Consolidated:
	Purchase revenue	$	53,396		$	42,809		$	142,726		$	128,715
	Consignment and other fee revenues		40,217			37,961			113,665			105,790
	Total revenue		93,613			80,770			256,391			234,505
	Total Segment direct profit	$	49,401		$	45,568		$	136,431		$	127,165

The following table reconciles segment direct profit used in the reportable segments to the Company's consolidated results:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Reconciliation:
Total segment direct profit	$	49,401		$	45,568		$	136,431		$	127,165
Other costs and expenses from operations (1)	$	40,933			37,315			119,213			108,811
Interest and other income, net	$	(233	)		(777	)		(1,469	)		(1,609	)
Income before provision for income taxes	$	8,702		$	9,030		$	18,687		$	19,963

(1)Other costs and expenses from operations is defined as Total costs and expenses from operations per the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, less Cost of goods sold (which is included in the calculation of Segment direct profit).

The percent of our revenues that came from transactions conducted outside of the United States for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, was 9.1% and 8.8%, respectively. The percent of our revenues that came from transactions conducted outside of the United States for the nine months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, was 11.6% and 10.4%, respectively.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In management's opinion, all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included, and intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The information disclosed in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for these periods is unaudited. Operating results for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2024, or for any future period.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2024, these estimates required the Company to make assumptions about the impact of ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts, and other disruptions to macroeconomic conditions and, in turn, the Company's results of operations. The Company will continue to update its assumptions as conditions change. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Contract Assets and Liabilities; Contract Costs

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets reflect an estimate of expenses that will be reimbursed upon settlement with a seller. The contract asset balance was $1.0 million as of June 30, 2024, and $0.9 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities reflect obligations to provide services for which the Company has already received consideration, and generally arise from up-front payments received in connection with Machinio's subscription services. The contract liability balance was $4.9 million as of June 30, 2024, and $4.7 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Deferred revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Of the September 30, 2023 contract liability balance, $4.3 million was earned as other fee revenue during the nine months ended June 30, 2024.

For the Company's Machinio segment, the performance obligation has been identified as the stand ready obligation to provide access to the Machinio subscription services, which it satisfies over time and recognizes as other fee revenues in the line-item Consignment and other fee revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of June 30, 2024, the Machinio segment had a remaining performance obligation of $4.9 million; the Company expects to recognize the substantial majority of that amount as other fee revenues over the next 12 months.

Contract Costs

Contract costs relate to sales commissions paid on subscription contracts that are capitalized within our Machinio segment. Contract costs are amortized over the expected life of the customer contract. The contract cost balance was $2.3 million as of June 30, 2024, and $2.2 million as of September 30, 2023, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization expense was $0.4 million and $0.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $1.1 million and $0.9 million during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Risk Associated with Certain Concentrations

Risk Associated with Certain Concentrations

For the majority of buyers that receive goods before payment to the Company is made, credit evaluations are performed. However, for the remaining buyers, goods are not shipped before payment is made, and as a result, the Company is not subject to significant collection risk from those buyers.

For consignment sales transactions, funds are typically collected from buyers and are held by the Company on the sellers' behalf. The funds are included in Cash and cash equivalents on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company releases the funds to the seller, less the Company's commission and other fees due, through Accounts payable after the buyer has accepted the goods or within 30 days, depending on the state where the buyer and seller conduct business.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash in banks within non-interest bearing, interest-bearing, and earnings allowance checking accounts, as well as cash equivalent money market funds, all of which exceed the applicable U.S. federal (FDIC and/or SIPC) and local jurisdiction (foreign banking institutions) insurance limits, and Accounts receivable.

The Company deposits its cash in interest bearing checking accounts, acquires cash equivalent money market funds, and holds short-term investments designated as held-to-maturity investment securities, each with financial institutions that the Company considers to be of high credit quality. Management continually monitors the financial institutions with whom we conduct business and responds appropriately, when necessary, to manage potential risk exposure to our cash balances above the insurance limits.

We have multiple vendor contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. under which we acquire and sell commercial merchandise. While purchase model transactions account for less than 20% of our total GMV, the cost of inventory for purchase model transactions is the most significant component of our consolidated Costs of goods sold. $8.6 million and $5.8 million of inventory purchased under such contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. is included in the line-item Inventory on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively. Our vendor contracts with respect to sourcing or consigning merchandise for our RSCG segment generally reflect the concentration dynamics inherent to the retail industry.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326). The majority of the Company’s sales require payment in advance of the sale, but a limited number of buyers are approved to conduct sales on credit. Accounts receivables related to those sales are generally short-term in nature and do not require the posting of collateral. The Company estimates its allowances for credit loss based on historical collection trends, the age of outstanding receivables, existing economic conditions, and the specific facts and circumstances of individual customers. If events or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. Past-due account balances are written off when the Company’s internal collection efforts have been unsuccessful in collecting the amounts due. The Company adopted the new standard effective October 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. It will require organizations to provide enhanced disclosures primarily regarding significant segment expenses. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025. The guidance is required to be applied on a retrospective basis, with all such required disclosures to be made with regard to all fiscal years presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU will require organizations to disclose specific categories in their tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026. The guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income Per Share

The computation of Basic and Diluted net income per share is as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,000	$	6,487	$	13,616	$	14,698
Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		30,388,675		30,605,963		30,497,820		31,243,979
Dilutive impact of stock options, RSUs and RSAs		1,075,786		907,525		1,119,758		949,260
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		31,464,461		31,513,488		31,617,578		32,193,239
Basic income per common share	$	0.20	$	0.21	$	0.45	$	0.47
Diluted income per common share	$	0.19	$	0.21	$	0.43	$	0.46
Stock options, RSUs and RSAs excluded from income per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive		1,676,121		1,813,106		1,696,121		1,834,550

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Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Summary of lease expense and supplemental cash flow information

The components of lease expense are:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Finance lease – lease asset amortization	$	18		$	20		$	56		$	59
Finance lease – interest on lease liabilities		4			4			9			12
Operating lease cost		1,418			1,327			4,046			4,011
Short-term lease cost		90			78			214			348
Variable lease cost (1)		282			199			889			948
Sublease income		(3	)		(27	)		(18	)		(78	)
Total net lease cost	$	1,809		$	1,601		$	5,196		$	5,300

(1)Variable lease costs primarily relate to the Company's election to combine non-lease components such as common area maintenance, insurance and taxes related to its real estate leases. To a lesser extent, the Company's equipment leases have variable costs associated with usage and subsequent changes to costs based upon an index.

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases are:

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities	$	3,437	$	3,598
Cash paid for amounts included in finance lease liabilities	$	79	$	75
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new operating lease assets obtained	$	5,691	$	—
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new finance lease assets obtained	$	—	$	—
Non-cash: adjustments to lease assets and liabilities(1)	$	360	$	408

(1)These include adjustments due to lease modifications, renewals, and other related adjustments.

Maturities of Lease Liabilities

Maturities of lease liabilities are:

	June 30, 2024
	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
Remainder of 2024	$	1,422		$	21
2025		5,869			68
2026		4,202			65
2027		2,404			12
2028		2,050			—
Thereafter		1,196			—
Total lease payments (1)	$	17,143		$	166
Less: imputed interest (2)		(1,705	)		(10	)
Total lease liabilities	$	15,439		$	156

(1)The weighted average remaining lease term is 3.5 years for operating leases and 2.4 years for finance leases.

(2)The weighted average discount rate is 6.1 % for operating leases and 5.6 % for finance leases.

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Goodwill (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of goodwill activity

The carrying value and changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable segment were as follows:

(in thousands)	GovDeals		CAG		Machinio		Total
September 30, 2022	$	53,814	$	20,538	$	14,558	$	88,910
Translation adjustments		—		478		—		478
September 30, 2023		53,814		21,016		14,558		89,388
Sierra acquisition (see Note 3)		7,977		—		—		7,977
Translation adjustments		—		200		—		200
June 30, 2024	$	61,791	$	21,216	$	14,558	$	97,565

The increase in the goodwill balance of approximately $8.0 million at the GovDeals reportable segment and reporting unit during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, is due to the Sierra acquisition. See Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information.

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Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]

Schedule of intangible assets

Intangible assets consist of the following:

		June 30, 2024							September 30, 2023
(in thousands)	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
Customer and supplier relationships	6 - 8	$	22,100	$	(8,158	)	$	13,942	$	17,000	$	(6,043	)	$	10,957
Technology	3 - 5		4,900		(4,656	)		244		4,900		(4,105	)		795
Trade names	3 - 7		2,200		(1,691	)		509		1,900		(1,381	)		519
Other intangibles	10		890		(725	)		165		875		(689	)		186
Total intangible assets, net		$	30,090	$	(15,230	)	$	14,860	$	24,675	$	(12,218	)	$	12,457

Schedule of Future Expected Amortization of Intangible Assets

Future expected amortization of intangible assets as of June 30, 2024, is as follows:

(in thousands)
Years ending September 30,	Expected Future Amortization
Remainder of 2024	$	954
2025		2,965
2026		2,720
2027		2,637
2028 and thereafter		5,584
Total	$	14,860

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of stockholders' equity

The changes in stockholders’ equity for the prior year comparable period are as follows:

						Additional									Accumulated Other
	Common Stock					Paid-in			Treasury Stock						Comprehensive			Retained
	Shares			Amount		Capital			Shares			Amount			Loss			Earnings			Total
Balance at September 30, 2022		35,724,057		$	36	$	258,275			(3,813,199	)	$	(62,554	)	$	(10,285	)	$	(30,936	)	$	154,536
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			3,967			3,967
Exercise of stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		190,119			—		495			—			—			—			—			495
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(14,536	)		—		(244	)		—			—			—			—			(244	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(531,819	)		(7,199	)		—			—			(7,199	)
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,126			—			—			—			—			2,126
Foreign currency translation and other		—			—		—			—			—			1,273			—			1,273
Balance at December 31, 2022		35,899,640		$	36	$	260,653			(4,345,018	)	$	(69,754	)	$	(9,012	)	$	(26,970	)	$	154,953
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			4,245			4,245
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		184,791			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(34,713	)		—		(492	)		—			—			—			—			(492	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(749,903	)		(9,814	)		—			—			(9,814	)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options		—			—		18			(1,420	)		(18	)		—			—			—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		1,939			—			—			—			—			1,939
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			243			—			243
Balance at March 31, 2023		36,049,718		$	36	$	262,118			(5,096,341	)	$	(79,586	)	$	(8,769	)	$	(22,725	)	$	151,074
Net income		—			—		—			—			—			—			6,487			6,487
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units		87,515			—		—			—			—			—			—			—
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards		(21,671	)		—		(324	)		—			—			—			—			(324	)
Common stock repurchased		—			—		—			(325,410	)		(4,268	)		—			—			(4,268	)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options		—			—		173			(10,795	)		(173	)								—
Stock compensation expense		—			—		2,195			—			—			—			—			2,195
Foreign currency translation		—			—		—			—			—			645			—			645
Balance at June 30, 2023		36,115,562		$	36	$	264,162			(5,432,546	)	$	(84,027	)	$	(8,124	)	$	(16,238	)	$	155,809

Summary of share-based compensation expense

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Equity-classified awards:
Stock options	$	550	$	524	$	1,574	$	1,524
RSUs & RSAs		2,067		1,671		5,634		4,737
Total Equity-classified award		2,617		2,195		7,208		6,261
Liability-classified awards:
SARs		—		—		—		(45	)
Total stock compensation expense:	$	2,617	$	2,195	$	7,208	$	6,216

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense by line-item within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock-compensation expense by function
Technology and operations	$	405	$	356	$	1,085	$	948
Sales and marketing		692		612		1,967		1,780
General and administrative		1,520		1,227		4,156		3,488
Total stock compensation expense:	$	2,617	$	2,195	$	7,208	$	6,216

Summary of stock options and restricted stock granted

The following table presents stock option and RSUs & RSAs grant activity:

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2024
Stock Options granted:
Options containing only service conditions:		125,955
Weighted average exercise price	$	18.00
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	9.03
Options containing performance conditions:		125,955
Weighted average exercise price	$	18.00
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	9.03
RSUs & RSAs granted:
RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions:		364,446
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	19.03
RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions:		303,610
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	19.29

Summary of fair value assumptions, stock options

The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model during the nine months ended June 30, 2024, were as follows:

	Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2024
Dividend yield		—
Expected volatility	59.08% - 60.83%
Risk-free interest rate	3.83% - 3.88%
Expected term	4.5 - 5.0 years

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Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of segment reporting information, by segment

The following table sets forth certain financial information for the Company's reportable segments:

		Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)		2024			2023			2024			2023
GovDeals:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		22,109			17,270			56,384			45,956
	Total revenue		22,109			17,270			56,384			45,956
	Segment direct profit	$	20,716		$	16,389		$	52,982		$	43,572
RSCG:
	Purchase revenue	$	51,713		$	41,439		$	134,971		$	121,651
	Consignment and other fee revenues		7,051			9,532			24,328			29,006
	Total revenue		58,764			50,971			159,299			150,657
	Segment direct profit	$	17,365		$	17,876		$	48,478		$	50,562
CAG:
	Purchase revenue	$	1,683		$	1,370		$	7,755		$	7,064
	Consignment and other fee revenues		6,967			7,615			21,009			20,731
	Total revenue		8,650			8,985			28,764			27,795
	Segment direct profit	$	7,430		$	7,938		$	23,611		$	23,466
Machinio:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		4,106			3,559			11,994			10,144
	Total revenue		4,106			3,559			11,994			10,144
	Segment direct profit	$	3,906		$	3,381		$	11,409		$	9,611
Corporate, including elimination adjustments:
	Purchase revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
	Consignment and other fee revenues		(16	)		(16	)		(49	)		(47	)
	Total revenue		(16	)		(16	)		(49	)		(47	)
	Segment direct profit	$	(16	)	$	(16	)	$	(49	)	$	(47	)
Consolidated:
	Purchase revenue	$	53,396		$	42,809		$	142,726		$	128,715
	Consignment and other fee revenues		40,217			37,961			113,665			105,790
	Total revenue		93,613			80,770			256,391			234,505
	Total Segment direct profit	$	49,401		$	45,568		$	136,431		$	127,165

Schedule of reconciliation of revenue from segments to consolidated

The following table reconciles segment direct profit used in the reportable segments to the Company's consolidated results:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Reconciliation:
Total segment direct profit	$	49,401		$	45,568		$	136,431		$	127,165
Other costs and expenses from operations (1)	$	40,933			37,315			119,213			108,811
Interest and other income, net	$	(233	)		(777	)		(1,469	)		(1,609	)
Income before provision for income taxes	$	8,702		$	9,030		$	18,687		$	19,963

(1)Other costs and expenses from operations is defined as Total costs and expenses from operations per the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, less Cost of goods sold (which is included in the calculation of Segment direct profit).

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Organization (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 Segment
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Reportable segments	4

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Contract asset	$ 1.0		$ 1.0		$ 0.9
Contract liability	4.9		4.9		4.7
Contract liability recognized as revenue			4.3
Capitalized contract cost, amortization	0.4	$ 0.3	$ 1.1	$ 0.9
Percentage purchase model transactions			20.00%
Purchase of inventory	8.6		$ 8.6		5.8
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Contract costs	$ 2.3		$ 2.3		$ 2.2

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information - Narrative 1 (Details) - Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01 $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, period	12 months
Machinio
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation	$ 4.9

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Sierra Acquisition - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		9 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortized, description		The supplier relationships and trade name shall be amortized on a straight-line basis over a useful life of six and three years, respectively.
Trade Name | Maximum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortized useful life		7 years
Trade Name | Minimum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortized useful life		3 years
Sierra Acquisition
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase consideration	$ 13.8
Intangible assets		$ 5.4
Sierra Acquisition | Maximum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortized useful life	6 years
Sierra Acquisition | Minimum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amortized useful life	3 years
Sierra Acquisition | Supplier Relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 5.1
Sierra Acquisition | Trade Name
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	0.3
Sierra Acquisition | Goodwill
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 8.0

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Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Numerator:
Net income	$ 6,000	$ 6,487	$ 13,616	$ 14,698
Denominator:
Basic weighted average shares outstanding	30,388,675	30,605,963	30,497,820	31,243,979
Dilutive impact of stock options, RSUs and RSAs	1,075,786	907,525	1,119,758	949,260
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	31,464,461	31,513,488	31,617,578	32,193,239
Basic income per common share	$ 0.2	$ 0.21	$ 0.45	$ 0.47
Diluted income per common share	$ 0.19	$ 0.21	$ 0.43	$ 0.46
Stock options, RSUs and RSAs excluded from income per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive	1,676,121	1,813,106	1,696,121	1,834,550

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Leases - Narrative (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining lease terms	4 years 10 months 24 days

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Leases - Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Finance lease – lease asset amortization	$ 18	$ 20	$ 56	$ 59
Finance lease – interest on lease liabilities	4	4	9	12
Operating lease cost	1,418	1,327	4,046	4,011
Short-term lease cost	90	78	214	348
Variable lease cost	282	199	889	948
Sublease income	(3)	(27)	(18)	(78)
Total net lease cost	$ 1,809	$ 1,601	$ 5,196	$ 5,300

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Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Operating Leases
Remainder of 2024	$ 1,422
2025	5,869
2026	2,404
2027	4,202
2028	2,050
Thereafter	1,196
Total lease payments	17,143
Less: imputed interest	(1,705)
Total lease liabilities	15,439
Finance Leases
Remainder of 2024	21
2025	68
2026	65
2027	12
2028	0
Thereafter	0
Total lease payments	166
Less: imputed interest	(10)
Total lease liabilities	$ 156
Operating lease, liability, statement of financial position	us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent
Finance lease, liability, statement of financial position	us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent

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Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Parenthetical) (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Operating leases, weighted average remaining lease term	3 years 6 months
Finance leases, weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 4 months 24 days
Operating leases, weighted average discount rate	6.10%
Finance leases, weighted average discount rate	5.60%

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Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities	$ 3,437	$ 3,598
Cash paid for amounts included in finance lease liabilities	79	75
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new operating lease assets obtained	5,691	0
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new finance lease assets obtained	0	0
Non-cash: adjustments to lease assets and liabilities	$ 360	$ 408

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Goodwill - Changes in Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 89,388	$ 88,910
Sierra acquisition (see Note 3)	7,977
Translation adjustments	200	478
Balance at the end of the period	97,565	89,388
GovDeals Goodwil
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	53,814	53,814
Sierra acquisition (see Note 3)	7,977
Translation adjustments	0	0
Balance at the end of the period	61,791	53,814
CAG Goodwill
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	21,016	20,538
Translation adjustments	200	478
Balance at the end of the period	21,216	21,016
Machinio
Goodwill
Balance at the beginning of the period	14,558	14,558
Translation adjustments	0	0
Balance at the end of the period	$ 14,558	$ 14,558

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Goodwill - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Increase in goodwill balance	$ 8.0

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Intangible Assets - Schedule of intangible assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 30,090	$ 24,675
Accumulated Amortization	(15,230)	(12,218)
Net Carrying Amount	14,860	12,457
Customer and supplier relationships
Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Amount	22,100	17,000
Accumulated Amortization	(8,158)	(6,043)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 13,942	10,957
Customer and supplier relationships | Minimum
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	6 years
Customer and supplier relationships | Maximum
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	8 years
Technology
Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 4,900	4,900
Accumulated Amortization	(4,656)	(4,105)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 244	795
Technology | Minimum
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	3 years
Technology | Maximum
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	5 years
Trade names
Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 2,200	1,900
Accumulated Amortization	(1,691)	(1,381)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 509	519
Trade names | Minimum
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	3 years
Trade names | Maximum
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	7 years
Other intangibles
Intangible Assets
Useful Life (in years)	10 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 890	875
Accumulated Amortization	(725)	(689)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 165	$ 186

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Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization expense	$ 1,100,000	$ 1,000,000	$ 3,000,000	$ 2,900,000
Impairment of long-lived assets	0		0
Sierra Acquisition
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 5,400,000		$ 5,400,000

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Intangible Assets - Future Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Future expected amortization of intangible assets
Remainder of 2024	$ 954
2025	2,965
2026	2,720
2027	2,637
2028 and thereafter	5,584
Net Carrying Amount	$ 14,860	$ 12,457

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Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Effective tax rate	27.10%	26.40%
Effective tax rate statutory federal rate	21.00%
Excise tax on share repurchases	1.00%
Corporate alternative minimum tax rate	15.00%
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 0

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Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)		6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Feb. 10, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024
Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Amount outstanding				$ 0
First Amendement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, expiration date			Mar. 31, 2025
Second Amendement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, expiration date		Mar. 31, 2026
Revolving Credit Facility | Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, unused capacity, commitment fee percentage	0.05%
Line of credit facility, commitment fee percentage	1.25%
Revolving Credit Facility | Minimum | Credit Agreement | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate	1.25%
Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum | Credit Agreement | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate	1.75%
Revolving Credit Facility | Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 25,000,000
Letter of Credit | Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 10,000,000

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Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance (in shares)			36,142,346				36,142,346
Balance	$ 163,925	$ 165,379	$ 161,533	$ 151,074	$ 154,953	$ 154,536	$ 161,533	$ 154,536
Balance (in shares)			5,433,045				5,433,045
Net income	6,000	5,709	$ 1,907	6,487	4,245	3,967	$ 13,616	$ 14,698
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units			127			495
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(89)	(1,142)	(224)	(324)	(492)	(244)
Common stock repurchased	(373)	(7,907)	(1,171)	(4,268)	(9,814)	(7,199)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options (in shares)							0	(12,215)
Stock compensation expense	$ 2,617	2,343	2,249	2,195	1,939	2,126
Foreign currency translation and other				645	243	1,273
Balance (in shares)	36,525,606						36,525,606
Balance	$ 171,970	$ 163,925	$ 165,379	$ 155,809	$ 151,074	$ 154,953	$ 171,970	$ 155,809
Balance (in shares)	5,997,932						5,997,932
Common Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance (in shares)	36,476,363	36,189,758	36,142,345	36,049,718	35,899,640	35,724,057	36,142,345	35,724,057
Balance	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)	53,921	353,069	59,471	87,515	184,791	190,119
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards (in shares)	(4,678)	(66,464)	(12,058)	(21,671)	(34,713)	(14,536)
Balance (in shares)	36,525,606	36,476,363	36,189,758	36,115,562	36,049,718	35,899,640	36,525,606	36,115,562
Balance	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36	$ 36
Additional Paid-in Capital
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance	269,297	268,096	265,945	262,118	260,653	258,275	265,945	258,275
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units			127			495
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards	(89)	(1,142)	(224)	(324)	(492)	(244)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options					18
Shares swapped to exercise stock options				173
Stock compensation expense	2,617	2,343	2,249	2,195	1,939	2,126
Balance	271,825	269,297	268,096	$ 264,162	$ 262,118	$ 260,653	271,825	$ 264,162
Treasury Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance	$ (93,109)	$ (85,202)	$ (84,031)				$ (84,031)
Balance (in shares)	(5,975,690)	(5,501,737)	(5,433,045)	(5,096,341)	(4,345,018)	(3,813,199)	(5,433,045)	(3,813,199)
Balance				$ (79,586)	$ (69,754)	$ (62,554)		$ (62,554)
Common stock repurchased (in shares)	(22,242)	(473,953)	(68,692)	(325,410)	(749,903)	(531,819)
Common stock repurchased	$ (373)	$ (7,907)	$ (1,171)	$ (4,268)	$ (9,814)	$ (7,199)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options (in shares)					(1,420)
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options					$ (18)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options (in shares)				(10,795)
Shares swapped to exercise stock options				$ (173)
Balance (in shares)	(5,997,932)						(5,997,932)
Balance	$ (93,482)	$ (93,109)	$ (85,202)				$ (93,482)
Balance (in shares)		(5,975,690)	(5,501,737)	(5,432,546)	(5,096,341)	(4,345,018)		(5,432,546)
Balance				$ (84,027)	$ (79,586)	$ (69,754)		$ (84,027)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance	(9,957)	$ (9,500)	$ (10,458)	(8,769)	(9,012)	(10,285)	(10,458)	(10,285)
Foreign currency translation and other				645	243	1,273
Balance	(10,067)	(9,957)	(9,500)	(8,124)	(8,769)	(9,012)	(10,067)	(8,124)
Retained Earnings [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Balance	(2,342)	(8,051)	(9,958)	(22,725)	(26,970)	(30,936)	(9,958)	(30,936)
Net income	6,000	5,709	1,907	6,487	4,245	3,967
Balance	$ 3,658	$ (2,342)	$ (8,051)	$ (16,238)	$ (22,725)	$ (26,970)	$ 3,658	$ (16,238)

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Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expired date							Apr. 17, 2024
Remaining shares reserved for issuance	2,422,677						2,422,677
Shares and options vesting period							3 years
Common stock repurchases	$ 373	$ 7,907	$ 1,171	$ 4,268	$ 9,814	$ 7,199
Remaining repurchase amount	$ 7,600						$ 7,600		$ 17,000
Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options (in shares)							0	12,215
Minimum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for issuance	20,300,000						20,300,000
Maximum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for issuance	22,800,000						22,800,000
December 2022 Repurchase Plan
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares repurchased	22,242						564,887
Common stock repurchases	$ 400						$ 9,400
Stock Option - Service Based
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares and options vesting period							4 years

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Stockholders' Equity - Stock Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	$ 2,617	$ 2,195	$ 7,208	$ 6,216
Stock options
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	550	524	1,574	1,524
RSUs & RSAs
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	2,067	1,671	5,634	4,737
Stock Options and RSUs and RSAs
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	2,617	2,195	7,208	6,261
SARs
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ (45)

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Stockholders' Equity - Stock Based Compensation Expense by Function (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	$ 2,617	$ 2,195	$ 7,208	$ 6,216
Technology and operations
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	405	356	1,085	948
Sales and marketing
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	692	612	1,967	1,780
General and administrative
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock compensation expense	$ 1,520	$ 1,227	$ 4,156	$ 3,488

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Stockholders' Equity - Grant Activity (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 $ / shares shares
Stock Option - Service Based
Stock Options granted:
Options granted (in shares) | shares	125,955
Weighted average exercise price (USD per share)	$ 18
Weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share)	$ 9.03
Stock Option - Performance Based
Stock Options granted:
Options granted (in shares) | shares	125,955
Weighted average exercise price (USD per share)	$ 18
Weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share)	$ 9.03
Restricted Stock - Service Based
RSUs & RSAs granted:
Restricted shares granted | shares	364,446
Weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share)	$ 19.03
Restricted Stock - Performance Based
RSUs & RSAs granted:
Restricted shares granted | shares	303,610
Weighted average grant date fair value (USD per share)	$ 19.29

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Stockholders' Equity - Fair Value (Details) - Stock options	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024
Fair value assumptions
Dividend yield	0.00%
Expected volatility, minimum	59.08%
Expected volatility, maximum	60.83%
Risk free interest rate, minimum	3.83%
Risk free interest rate, maximum	3.88%
Minimum
Fair value assumptions
Expected term	4 years 6 months
Maximum
Fair value assumptions
Expected term	5 years

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Fair Value Measurement - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Fair value measurement
Money market funds, at carrying value	$ 58,000,000	$ 51,400,000
Guaranteed investment certificates	6,500,000	7,900,000
Nonrecurring
Fair value measurement
Fair value, asset (liability)	$ 0	$ 0

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Defined Benefit Pension Plan - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 GBP (£)
Defined benefit pension plan
Net periodic pension cost (benefit) | $	$ 0.1	$ 0.3
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) Excluding Service Cost, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]		Interest Income (Expense), Operating
Maximum
Defined benefit pension plan
Expected contributions | £			£ 10,000,000

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Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		9 Months Ended
	Aug. 01, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Litigation settlement funded amount		$ 3.0
Litigation settlement expense net of insurance recovery		$ 0.5
Subsequent Event
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Amount paid to plaintiff	$ 3.5

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Segment Information - Narrative (Details) - Segment	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items]
Reportable segments			4
Non-US | Sales Revenue | Geographic Concentration Risk
Revenue, Major Customer [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage	9.10%	8.80%	11.60%	10.40%

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Segment Information - Schedule of Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 93,613	$ 80,770	$ 256,391	$ 234,505
Total segment gross profit	49,401	45,568	136,431	127,165
Operating Segments | GovDeals
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	22,109	17,270	56,384	45,956
Total segment gross profit	20,716	16,389	52,982	43,572
Operating Segments | RSCG
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	58,764	50,971	159,299	150,657
Total segment gross profit	17,365	17,876	48,478	50,562
Operating Segments | CAG
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	8,650	8,985	28,764	27,795
Total segment gross profit	7,430	7,938	23,611	23,466
Operating Segments | Machinio
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	4,106	3,559	11,994	10,144
Total segment gross profit	3,906	3,381	11,409	9,611
Corporate & Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	(16)	(16)	(49)	(47)
Total segment gross profit	(16)	(16)	(49)	(47)
Consignment and other fee revenues
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	40,217	37,961	113,665	105,790
Consignment and other fee revenues | Operating Segments | GovDeals
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	22,109	17,270	56,384	45,956
Consignment and other fee revenues | Operating Segments | RSCG
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	7,051	9,532	24,328	29,006
Consignment and other fee revenues | Operating Segments | CAG
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	6,967	7,615	21,009	20,731
Consignment and other fee revenues | Operating Segments | Machinio
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	4,106	3,559	11,994	10,144
Consignment and other fee revenues | Corporate & Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	(16)	(16)	(49)	(47)
Purchase revenues
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	53,396	42,809	142,726	128,715
Purchase revenues | Operating Segments | GovDeals
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	0	0	0	0
Purchase revenues | Operating Segments | RSCG
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	51,713	41,439	134,971	121,651
Purchase revenues | Operating Segments | CAG
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	1,683	1,370	7,755	7,064
Purchase revenues | Operating Segments | Machinio
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	0	0	0	0
Purchase revenues | Corporate & Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

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Segment Information - Reconciliation from Segments to Consolidated (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Total segment gross profit	$ 49,401	$ 45,568	$ 136,431	$ 127,165
Other costs and expenses from operations	40,933	37,315	119,213	108,811
Interest and other income, net	(233)	(777)	(1,469)	(1,609)
Income before provision for income taxes	$ 8,702	$ 9,030	$ 18,687	$ 19,963