Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration File No.: 333-282684
 
LOGO
PROSPECTUS
BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc.
 
Class   
 Ticker Symbol 
Institutional Common Stock
   MUNEX
Class A Common Stock
   XMUNX
Class U Common Stock
   MUNUX
BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc. (the “Fund”) is a diversified, closed‑end management investment company that operates as an “interval fund.”
Investment Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide attractive after‑tax total return, through income and capital appreciation.
Internal Fund/Repurchase Offers. The Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, has adopted a fundamental investment policy to make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding shares of common stock (“Shares”) at net asset value (“NAV”), reduced by any applicable repurchase fee. The Fund’s Board of Directors (the “Board,” and each of the directors on the Board, a “Director”) has approved the following quarterly repurchase offer amounts of outstanding Shares at NAV for the Fund’s quarterly repurchase offers through the end of 2026: 25% for the repurchase offer commencing in the third quarter of 2025; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the fourth quarter of 2025; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the first quarter of 2026; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the second quarter of 2026; 7.5% for the repurchase offer commencing in the third quarter of 2026; and 7.5% for the repurchase offer commencing in the fourth quarter of 2026. For quarterly repurchase offers commencing in 2027, subject to applicable law and approval of the Board, the Fund currently expects to offer to repurchase at least 7.5% of outstanding Shares at NAV. Written notification of each quarterly repurchase offer will be sent to shareholders at least 21 and not more than 42 calendar days before the repurchase request deadline (i.e., the date by which shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer). The NAV per share of repurchased Shares will be determined as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange on a day to be determined but no later than the 14th day after the repurchase request deadline, or the next business day if the 14th day is not a business day. It is possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result that shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. There is no assurance that you will be able to tender your Shares when or in the amount that you desire. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers” beginning on page 116.
Investment Strategy. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in municipal securities and other investments, the income of which is exempt from federal income taxes (except that the interest may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax) (“Municipal Bonds”). The Fund’s investments in derivatives will be counted toward the Fund’s 80% policy to the extent that they provide investment exposure to the securities included within that policy or to one or more market risk factors associated with such securities.
(continued on inside front cover)
Investing in shares of the Fund’s Shares involves certain risks. The Fund may invest without limitation in securities of below investment grade quality (also known as “high yield securities” or “junk bonds”), which are considered predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal when due. An investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk and valuation risk, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount that you invest. The Fund intends to utilize leverage, which is subject to numerous risks. See the “Risks” section beginning on page 70 of this prospectus. Certain of these risks are summarized in “Prospectus Summary—Principal Risk Considerations” beginning on

page 11. You should carefully consider these risks together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus before making a decision to purchase the Shares.
 
   
The Shares are not listed for trading on any securities exchange. Even though the Fund makes quarterly repurchase offers for its outstanding Shares, investors should consider Shares of the Fund to be an illiquid investment.
 
   
Investing in the Shares may be speculative and involve a high degree of risk, including the risks associated with leverage and the lack of liquidity.
 
   
The Shares are not redeemable at an investor’s option nor are they exchangeable for shares of any other fund, although the Fund periodically offers to repurchase Shares pursuant to its fundamental share repurchase policy described herein.
 
   
There is no assurance that the Fund will be able to maintain a certain level of distributions to common shareholders.
 
   
Because the Shares are not listed on a securities exchange, you should not expect to be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount desired, regardless of how the Fund performs and, as a result, you may be unable to reduce your exposure during any market downturn.
 
   
The Fund is designed primarily for long-term investors who are prepared to hold the Shares until the Fund accepts an investor’s Shares in a repurchase offer conducted by the Fund.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
 
    
Price to Public(1)
  
Maximum
Sales Load(2)
  
Proceeds to the Fund
 Per Institutional Share  
   At current NAV    N/A    Amount invested at NAV
 Per Class A Share
   At current NAV, plus sales load of up to 2.50%, if applicable    2.50%    Amount invested at NAV less sales load
 Per Class U Share
   At current NAV    N/A    Amount invested at NAV
(notes on inside front cover)
BlackRock Investments, LLC (the “Distributor”), an affiliate of the Fund and BlackRock Advisors, LLC (the “Advisor”), acts as distributor for the Fund’s Shares and serves in that capacity on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The principal business address of the Distributor is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001.
The date of this prospectus is March 26, 2025, as amended June 2, 2025.
 
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(notes from previous page)
 
1
Institutional Shares and Class U Shares are offered on a continuous basis at an offering price equal to the then-current net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the class. Class A Shares are offered on a continuous basis at an offering price equal to the then-current NAV per share of the class plus the applicable sales load, as described in this prospectus. If you buy Shares through selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their selling agents or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
 
2
Generally, the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $100,000 for Institutional Shares, $1,000 for Class A Shares, and $2,500 for Class U Shares For Institutional Shares, the minimum initial investment is waived or reduced for certain eligible investors as described under “Plan of Distribution—Minimum Investments.” There is no minimum subsequent investment for the Shares. There is no sales load for Institutional Shares and Class U Shares. Investors purchasing Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50%, of the investor’s aggregate purchase. The Distributor or Dealers (as defined herein) may waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain classes of investors as described under “Plan of Distribution—Class A Shares and Class U Shares.” If you buy Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their selling agents or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of shares. Institutional Shares are not subject to any asset-based distribution fees but are only available through the Distributor or an asset-based fee program sponsored by a registered broker-dealer or registered investment adviser (also known as a “wrap fee” program) that has an agreement with the Distributor. Class A Shares and Class U Shares are subject to a distribution fee and shareholder servicing fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the applicable class’s average daily net assets. 0.25% of the fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee. See “Summary of Fund Fees and Expenses,” “Plan of Distribution” and “Periodic Repurchase Offers.”
(continued from previous page)
Investment Strategy (continued). The Fund may invest in certain tax‑exempt securities classified as “private activity bonds” (or industrial development bonds, under pre‑1986 law) (“PABs”) (in general, bonds that benefit non‑governmental entities) that may subject certain investors in the Fund to an alternative minimum tax. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets invested in PABs will vary from time to time. The Fund has not established any limit on the percentage of its portfolio that may be invested in PABs. The Fund expects that a portion of the interest or income it produces will be includable in alternative minimum taxable income.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 75% of its assets in municipal bonds that are rated in the medium to lower categories by nationally recognized rating services (for example, Baa or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or BBB or lower by S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”), or non‑rated securities which are of comparable quality in the opinion of the Advisor.
The Fund may invest without limit in Municipal Bonds that are rated below Baa by Moody’s or below BBB by S&P or Fitch or, if unrated, are considered by the Advisor to possess similar credit characteristics. Such securities, sometimes referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds, are predominantly speculative with respect to the capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the security and generally involve a greater volatility of price than securities in higher rating categories. The Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds that are in default or which the Advisor believes will soon be in default. Below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities involve substantial risk of loss, are considered speculative with respect to the
 
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issuer’s ability to pay interest and any required redemption or principal payments and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments.
The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in tax‑exempt securities of issuers in the industries comprising the same economic sector, such as hospitals or life care facilities and transportation-related issuers. However, the Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in any one of the industries comprising an economic sector. In addition, a substantial part of the Fund’s portfolio may be comprised of securities credit enhanced by banks, insurance companies or companies with similar characteristics. Emphasis on these sectors may subject the Fund to certain risks.
Interval Fund. The Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, has adopted a fundamental investment policy to make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, reduced by any applicable repurchase fee.
Leverage. The Fund currently intends to use leverage to seek to achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s use of leverage may increase or decrease from time to time in its discretion and the Fund may, in the future, determine not to use leverage. The Fund currently utilizes leverage for investment purposes by investing in leveraged residual certificates issued by tender option bond (“TOB”) trusts (“TOB Residuals”) in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its Managed Assets (50% of its net assets). Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), the Fund is permitted to borrow money (including by investing in TOB Residuals) or issue debt securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its Managed Assets (50% of its net assets), issue shares of preferred stock (“Preferred Shares”) in an amount up to 50% of its Managed Assets (100% of its net assets) and enter into derivative instruments with leverage embedded in them in a limited manner or subject to a limit on leverage risk calculated based on value‑at‑risk, as required by Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to money borrowed for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Fund’s accrued liabilities (other than money borrowed for investment purposes). Although it has no present intention to do so, the Fund reserves the right to borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, issue debt securities, or issue Preferred Shares in the future if it believes that market conditions would be conducive to the successful implementation of a leveraging strategy through borrowing money or issuing debt securities or Preferred Shares. The use of leverage creates an opportunity for increased common share net investment income dividends, but also creates risks for the holders of Shares. See “Leverage.”
Securities Offered. The Fund continuously offers three classes of Shares of the Fund: Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, and Class U Shares. The Fund has received exemptive relief from the SEC that permits the Fund to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. The Shares are offered at an offering price equal to the then-current NAV of the applicable class plus, in the case of Class A Shares, the applicable sales load. Institutional Shares and Class U Shares are not subject to any sales load or asset-based distribution fee. If you buy Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their selling agents or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of shares. The maximum sales load for Class A Shares is 2.50% of the amount invested for Class A Shares. A contingent deferred sales charge of 1.50% is assessed on Fund repurchases of Class A Shares made within 18 months after purchase where no initial sales load was paid at the time of purchase as part of an investment of $250,000 or more.
Generally, the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $100,000 for Institutional Shares, $1,000 for Class A Shares, and $2,500 for Class U Shares. For Institutional Shares, the minimum initial investment is waived or reduced for certain eligible investors as described under “Plan of Distribution—Minimum Investments.” The minimum initial investment for each class of Shares may be modified or waived by the Fund and the Distributor for the Directors and certain employees of BlackRock, Inc., including its affiliates, vehicles controlled by such Directors and employees and their extended family members. There is no minimum subsequent investment for the Shares. The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar
 
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amount of the Fund’s Shares, but will use reasonable best efforts to sell the Shares. The Fund reserves the right to reject a purchase order for any reason. Shareholders will not have the right to redeem their Shares.
Unlisted Closed‑End Fund Structure; Limited Liquidity. The Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and an investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed‑end fund, should be considered illiquid. Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund.
Investment Adviser. The Fund’s investment adviser is BlackRock Advisors, LLC.
Distributor. BlackRock Investments, LLC, an affiliate of the Fund and the Advisor, acts as distributor for the Shares and serves in that capacity on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The principal business address of the Distributor is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001. The Distributor may appoint additional selling agents (each a “Dealer”) or other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
****
You should read this prospectus, which concisely sets forth information about the Fund, before deciding whether to invest in the Shares and retain it for future reference. A Statement of Additional Information, dated March 26, 2025, containing additional information about the Fund, has been filed with the SEC and, as amended from time to time, is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus. You may request a free copy of the Statement of Additional Information by calling (800) 882‑0052 or by writing to the Fund. You can get the same information for free from the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). You may also e‑mail requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov. In addition, you may request copies of the Fund’s prospectus, semi-annual and annual reports or other information about the Fund or make shareholder inquiries by calling (800) 882‑0052. The Fund’s prospectus, annual and semi-annual reports, when produced, will be available at the Fund’s website (http://www.blackrock.com) free of charge. Information contained in, or that can be accessed through, the Fund’s website is not part of this prospectus.
You should not construe the contents of this prospectus as legal, tax or financial advice. You should consult with your own professional advisors as to the legal, tax, financial or other matters relevant to the suitability of an investment in the Fund.
The Fund’s Shares do not represent a deposit or an obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.
 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
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You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The Fund has not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. The Fund is not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus or another date set forth in this prospectus. The Fund’s business, financial condition and prospects may have changed since that date.
 
1

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This is only a summary of certain information contained in this prospectus relating to BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc. This summary may not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the Fund’s shares of common stock. You should review the more detailed information contained in this prospectus and in the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”).
 
The Fund
  
BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc. is a diversified, closed‑end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and is operated as an “interval fund” (as defined below).
 
Effective March 24, 2025, the Fund converted from as a registered closed‑end management investment company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) to an unlisted, continuously offered “interval fund” (the “Conversion”).
 
Throughout this prospectus, we refer to BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc. simply as the “Fund” or as “we,” “us” or “our.” See “The Fund” in the prospectus.
  
 
The Fund continuously offers three classes of shares of common stock (“Shares”) of the Fund: Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, and Class U Shares. The Fund has received exemptive relief from the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable (the “Multi-Class Exemptive Relief”). The Fund may offer other additional classes of Shares in the future with fees and expenses that differ from the classes of Shares described in this prospectus.
 
Periodic Repurchase Offers
  
The Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, has adopted a fundamental investment policy to make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at net asset value (“NAV”), reduced by any applicable repurchase fee. The Fund’s Board of Directors (the “Board,” and each of the directors on the Board, a “Director”) has approved the following quarterly repurchase offer amounts of outstanding Shares at NAV for the Fund’s quarterly repurchase offers through the end of 2026: 25% for the repurchase offer commencing in the third quarter of 2025; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the fourth quarter of 2025; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the first quarter of 2026; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the second quarter of 2026; 7.5% for the repurchase offer commencing in the third quarter of 2026; and 7.5% for the repurchase offer commencing in the fourth quarter of 2026. For quarterly repurchase offers commencing in 2027, subject to applicable law and approval of the Board, the Fund currently expects to offer to repurchase at least 7.5% of outstanding Shares at NAV. It is possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result that shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares
 
1

  
repurchased. Affiliates of the Fund may own Shares and determine to participate in the Fund’s repurchase offers, which may contribute to a repurchase offer being oversubscribed and the Fund effecting repurchases on a pro rata basis. There is no assurance that you will be able to tender your Shares when or in the amount that you desire.
 
  
Written notification of each quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) will be sent to shareholders at least 21 and not more than 42 calendar days before the repurchase request deadline (i.e., the date by which shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The Fund’s Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Investors should consider Shares of the Fund to be an illiquid investment. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and shareholders to special risks. See “Risks—Repurchase Offers Risk” in the prospectus.
Investment Objective
  
The Fund’s investment objective is to provide attractive after‑tax total return, through income and capital appreciation.
  
There can be no assurances that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful. The Fund is not intended as, and you should not construe it to be, a complete investment program. Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund. The Fund’s investment objective is a fundamental policy of the Fund that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the vote, at a meeting of shareholders, (1) of 67% or more of the voting securities present at the meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (2) of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, whichever is less.
 
Investment Policies
  
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in municipal securities and other investments, the income of which is exempt from federal income taxes (except that the interest may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax) (“Municipal Bonds”). The Fund’s investments in derivatives will be counted toward the Fund’s 80% policy to the extent that they provide investment exposure to the securities included within that policy or to one or more market risk factors associated with such securities. The Fund’s policy of investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Municipal Bonds is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined above) of the Fund.
 
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The Fund may invest in certain tax‑exempt securities classified as “private activity bonds” (or industrial development bonds, under pre‑1986 law) (“PABs”) (in general, bonds that benefit non‑governmental entities) that may subject certain investors in the Fund to an alternative minimum tax. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets invested in PABs will vary from time to time. The Fund has not established any limit on the percentage of its portfolio that may be invested in PABs. The Fund expects that a portion of the interest or income it produces will be includable in alternative minimum taxable income.
 
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 75% of its assets in municipal bonds that are rated in the medium to lower categories by nationally recognized rating services (for example, Baa or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or BBB or lower by S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”), or non‑rated securities which are of comparable quality in the opinion of BlackRock Advisors, LLC (the “Advisor”).
 
The Fund may invest without limit in Municipal Bonds that are rated below Baa by Moody’s or below BBB by S&P or Fitch or, if unrated, are considered by the Advisor to possess similar credit characteristics. Such securities, sometimes referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds, are predominantly speculative with respect to the capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the security and generally involve a greater volatility of price than securities in higher rating categories. The Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds that are in default or which the Advisor believes will soon be in default. Below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities involve substantial risk of loss, are considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s ability to pay interest and any required redemption or principal payments and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments.
 
The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in tax‑exempt securities of issuers in the industries comprising the same economic sector, such as hospitals or life care facilities and transportation-related issuers. However, the Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in any one of the industries comprising an economic sector. In addition, a substantial part of the Fund’s portfolio may be comprised of securities credit enhanced by banks, insurance companies or companies with similar characteristics. Emphasis on these sectors may subject the Fund to certain risks.
 
The value of bonds and other fixed-income obligations may fall when interest rates rise and rise when interest rates fall. In general, bonds and other fixed-income obligations with longer maturities will be subject to greater volatility resulting from interest rate fluctuations than will similar obligations with shorter maturities. “Duration” measures the sensitivity of a security’s price to changes in interest
 
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rates. Unlike final maturity, duration takes account of all payments made over the life of the security. Typically, with a 1% change in interest rates, an investment’s value may be expected to move in the opposite direction approximately 1% for each year of its duration. The greater a portfolio’s duration, the greater the change in the portfolio’s value in response to changes in interest rates. The Advisor increases or reduces the Fund’s portfolio duration based on its interest rate outlook. When the Advisor expects interest rates to fall, it attempts to maintain a longer portfolio duration. When the Advisor expects interest rates to increase, it attempts to shorten the portfolio’s duration. Generally, as is the case with any investment grade fixed-income obligations, Municipal Bonds with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields. Under normal market conditions, however, such yield‑to‑maturity increases tend to decline in the longer maturities (i.e., the slope of the yield curve flattens). At the same time, due to their longer exposure to interest rate risk, prices of longer term obligations are subject to greater market fluctuations as a result of changes in interest rates.
 
For temporary periods or to provide liquidity, the Fund has the authority to invest as much as 20% of its total assets in tax‑exempt and taxable money market obligations with a maturity of one year or less (such short-term obligations being referred to herein as “Temporary Investments”). In addition, the Fund reserves the right as a defensive measure to invest temporarily a greater portion of its assets in Temporary Investments, when, in the opinion of the Advisor, prevailing market or financial conditions warrant. Taxable money market obligations will yield taxable income.
 
The Fund also may invest in variable rate demand obligations (“VRDOs”) and VRDOs in the form of participation interests (“Participating VRDOs”) in variable rate tax‑exempt obligations held by a financial institution. The Fund’s hedging strategies are not fundamental policies and may be modified by the Fund’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) without the approval of the Fund’s stockholders. The Fund is also authorized to invest in indexed and inverse floating obligations for hedging purposes and to seek to enhance return.
 
Certain Municipal Bonds may be entitled to the benefits of letters of credit or similar credit enhancements issued by financial institutions. In such instances, the Board and the Advisor will take into account, in assessing the quality of such bonds, both the creditworthiness of the issuer of such bonds and the creditworthiness of the financial institution that provides the credit enhancement.
 
The Fund may also invest in privately placed or restricted securities (including in Rule 144A securities, which are privately placed securities purchased by qualified institutional buyers), illiquid investments and investments in which no secondary market is readily available, including those of private companies.
 
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The Fund may invest in securities not issued by or on behalf of a state or territory or by an agency or instrumentality thereof, if the Fund receives an opinion of counsel to the issuer that such securities pay interest that is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes (“Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities”). Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities could include trust certificates, partnership interests or other instruments evidencing interest in one or more long-term Municipal Bonds. Non-Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities also may include securities issued by other investment companies that invest in Municipal Bonds, to the extent such investments are permitted by the Fund’s investment restrictions and applicable law. Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities are subject to the same risks associated with an investment in Municipal Bonds as well as many of the risks associated with investments in derivatives. While the Fund receives opinions of legal counsel to the effect that the income from the Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities in which the Fund invests is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes to the same extent as the underlying Municipal Bonds, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) has not issued a ruling on this subject. Were the IRS to issue an adverse ruling or take an adverse position with respect to the taxation of these types of securities, there is a risk that the interest paid on such securities would be deemed taxable at the federal level.
 
The Fund ordinarily does not intend to realize significant investment income not exempt from federal income tax. From time to time, the Fund may realize taxable capital gains. Interest received on certain otherwise tax‑exempt securities that are classified as “private activity bonds” (in general, bonds that benefit non‑governmental entities) may be subject to a federal alternative minimum tax. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets invested in “private activity bonds” will vary from time to time. Federal tax legislation has limited the types and volume of bonds the interest on which qualifies for a federal income tax‑exemption. As a result, this legislation and legislation that may be enacted in the future may affect the availability of Municipal Bonds for investment by the Fund.
 
  
There is no guarantee that a shareholder’s investment in the Fund will not lose money or that the Fund will not return less over the life of the Fund than such shareholder’s initial investment.
 
  
Unless otherwise stated herein or in the SAI, the Fund’s investment policies are non‑fundamental policies and may be changed by the Board without prior shareholder approval. Unless otherwise expressly stated in this prospectus or the SAI, or otherwise required by applicable law, all percentage and ratings or credit quality limitations stated in this prospectus apply only at the time of investment and subsequent changes in percentage (including changes resulting from the Fund having a smaller base of assets after a repurchase offer), value, ratings downgrades, liquidity profile or changes in credit quality will not result in the Fund being required to dispose of any portfolio security.
 
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For a discussion of risk factors that may affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective, see “Risks” in the prospectus.
 
Leverage
  
The Fund currently intends to use leverage to seek to achieve its investment objective.
 
  
The Fund’s use of leverage may increase or decrease from time to time in its discretion and the Fund may, in the future, determine not to use leverage. The Fund currently utilizes leverage for investment purposes by investing in leveraged residual certificates issued by tender option bond (“TOB”) trusts (“TOB Residuals”) in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its Managed Assets (50% of its net assets). Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is permitted to borrow money (including by investing in TOB Residuals) or issue debt securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its Managed Assets (50% of its net assets), issue shares of preferred stock (“Preferred Shares”) in an amount up to 50% of its Managed Assets (100% of its net assets) and enter into derivative instruments with leverage embedded in them in a limited manner or subject to a limit on leverage risk calculated based on value‑at‑risk, as required by Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act. Although it has no present intention to do so, the Fund reserves the right to borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, issue debt securities or issue Preferred Shares in the future if it believes that market conditions would be conducive to the successful implementation of a leveraging strategy through borrowing money or issuing debt securities or Preferred Shares. The use of leverage creates an opportunity for increased common share net investment income dividends, but also creates risks for the holders of Shares. “Managed Assets” means the total assets of the Fund (including any assets attributable to money borrowed for investment purposes) minus the sum of the Fund’s accrued liabilities (other than money borrowed for investment purposes). See “Leverage” in the prospectus.
 
  
As part of its leverage strategy, the Fund may invest in TOB Residuals. The TOB Residuals in which the Fund invests pay interest or income that, in the opinion of counsel to the issuer, is exempt from regular federal income tax. The Advisor will not conduct its own analysis of the tax status of the interest or income paid by TOB Residuals held by the Fund, but will rely on the opinion of counsel to the issuer. Although volatile, TOB Residuals typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate municipal bonds with comparable credit quality, coupon, call provisions and maturity. The Fund may invest in TOB Residuals for the purpose of using leverage as a more flexible alternative to the issuance of Preferred Shares. See “Leverage—Tender Option Bond Transactions.”
 
  
The use of leverage is subject to numerous risks and will cause the Fund’s NAV and the yield to holders of Shares to be more volatile than if leverage was not used. For example, if short-term interest rates
 
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continue to rise, they may reach a level at which those rates exceed the return earned on securities purchased with leverage, which would result in a reduced yield and cause the Fund’s NAV to decline more than if the Fund had not used leverage. No assurance can be given that the Fund’s use of leverage will in any particular circumstance be possible or successful or that the Fund’s use of leverage will result in a higher yield to holders of Shares. See “Risks—Leverage Risk” in the prospectus.
 
Investment Adviser
  
The Fund’s investment adviser is BlackRock Advisors, LLC.
 
  
The Advisor is a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. (“BlackRock”). The Advisor receives an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 0.90% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets.
 
Distributions; Dividend
Reinvestment Plan
  
The Fund declares distributions on a monthly basis. The Fund distributes all or a portion of its net investment income to holders of Shares. The Fund may also pay one or more additional quarterly distributions of all or a portion of undistributed net investment income, if any. Distributions may also include net realized capital gains. The Fund pays any capital gains distributions at least annually. In addition, the Fund may pay a special distribution at the end of the calendar year if necessary to comply with applicable law. See “Distributions” in this prospectus.
 
  
Various factors will affect the level of the Fund’s income, including the asset mix, the average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio and the Fund’s use of hedging. To permit the Fund to maintain more stable monthly distributions, the Fund may from time to time distribute more or less than the entire amount of income earned in a particular period. Any undistributed income would be available to supplement future distributions. As a result, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular monthly period may be more or less than the amount of income actually earned by the Fund during that period. Undistributed income will add to the Fund’s NAV (and indirectly benefits the Advisor by increasing its fee) and, correspondingly, distributions from undistributed income will reduce the Fund’s NAV.
 
  
Shareholders will automatically have all dividends and distributions reinvested in Shares of the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan, unless an election is made to receive cash by contacting the Reinvestment Plan Agent (as defined herein). All correspondence concerning the Reinvestment Plan should be directed to the Reinvestment Plan Agent, in writing to: BlackRock Funds, C/O BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (U.S.) Inc., PO Box 534429, Pittsburgh, PA 15253-4429. Overnight correspondence should be directed to the Reinvestment Plan Agent at: BlackRock Funds, C/O BNY Mellon Investment Servicing, 500 Ross Street 154‑0520, Pittsburgh, PA 15262. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan” in the prospectus.
 
 
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The Fund reserves the right to change its distribution policies and the basis for establishing the rate of its monthly distribution declarations at any time and may do so without prior notice to common shareholders. See “Distributions” in the prospectus.
 
Share Classes; Purchase of Shares
  
As discussed above, the Fund has received the Multi-Class Exemptive Relief, which permits the Fund to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. The Fund currently offers three classes of Shares: Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, and Class U Shares. The Fund may in the future register and include other classes of Shares in the offering.
 
  
The Shares are offered on a daily basis. Shares are being offered through BlackRock Investments, LLC (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the then-current NAV of the applicable class, plus, with respect to Class A Shares, the applicable sales load. The Distributor or Dealers (as defined below) may waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain classes of investors. If you buy Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their selling agents or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of shares. Generally, the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $100,000 for Institutional Shares, $1,000 for Class A Shares, $2,500 for Class U Shares. For Institutional Shares, the minimum initial investment is waived or reduced for certain eligible investors as described under “Plan of Distribution—Minimum Investments.” The minimum initial investment for each class of Shares may be modified or waived by the Fund and the Distributor for the Directors and certain employees of BlackRock, including its affiliates, vehicles controlled by such Directors and employees and their extended family members. There is no minimum subsequent investment for the Shares. See “Plan of Distribution” in the prospectus.
 
  
The Fund’s Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Conversion were redesignated as Institutional Shares effective upon the Conversion. Accordingly, shareholders of the Fund who held Shares of the Fund immediately prior to the Conversion (“Pre‑Conversion Shareholders”) held Institutional Shares of the Fund immediately following the Conversion, regardless of whether they met the eligibility requirements for Institutional Shares at the time of the Conversion. Although the eligibility requirements of Institutional Shares were waived for Pre‑Conversion Shareholders in connection with the Conversion, any additional purchases of the Fund by a Pre‑Conversion Shareholder following the Conversion will be subject to the terms and conditions in of the Shares in this prospectus, including share class eligibility requirements. Therefore, although
 
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Pre‑Conversion Shareholders held Institutional Shares of the Fund immediately following the Conversion, they may not be eligible to purchase additional Institutional Shares in the future but may be eligible to purchase Class A Shares or Class U Shares of the Fund.
 
Distribution and Shareholder
Servicing Fee
  
Institutional Shares are not subject to a distribution or shareholder servicing fee. Class A Shares and Class U Shares are subject to an ongoing Distribution and Servicing Fee to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of clients who own Shares of the Fund. Under the terms of the Multi-Class Exemptive Relief, the Fund is subject to Rule 12b‑1 under the Investment Company Act. The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and pays the Distribution and Servicing Fee under such plan. The Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b‑1 under the Investment Company Act, which regulates the manner in which an open‑end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to each of the Class A Shares and Class U Shares) is 0.75%. 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee.
Distributor
  
BlackRock Investments, LLC, an affiliate of the Fund and the Advisor, acts as distributor for the Shares and serves in that capacity on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The principal business address of the Distributor is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001. The Shares are offered for sale through the Distributor at NAV, plus, with respect to Class A Shares, the applicable sales load. The Distributor may appoint additional selling agents (each a “Dealer”) or other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase Shares. Dealers or other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on investor accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this prospectus. Any terms and conditions imposed by a Dealer or other financial intermediary, or operational limitations applicable to such parties, may affect or limit a shareholder’s ability to purchase the Shares or tender the Shares for repurchase, or otherwise transact business with the Fund. Dealers typically receive the sales load with respect to Class A Shares purchased by their clients. Institutional Shares and Class U Shares are not subject to a sales load; however, investors may be required to pay brokerage commissions on purchases or sales of Institutional Shares to their Dealers. If you buy Shares through certain Dealers or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Investors should consult with their Dealers or other financial intermediaries about any
 
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transaction or other fees their Dealers or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of Shares in addition to any fees imposed by the Fund.
 
  
Institutional Shares are not subject to the Distribution and Servicing Fee but are only available through the Distributor or an asset-based fee program sponsored by a registered broker-dealer or registered investment adviser (also known as a “wrap fee” program) that has an agreement with the Distributor. With respect to Class A Shares and Class U Shares, the Fund will pay the Distributor the Distribution and Servicing Fee.
 
  
Additionally, the Advisor or its affiliates, in the Advisor’s discretion and from its own resources, may pay additional compensation to Dealers in connection with the sale of Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In return for the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including but not limited to access to a broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training and educating the broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by common shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments. See “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus.
 
Unlisted Closed‑End Fund
  
The Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and an investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed‑end fund, should be considered illiquid. An investment in the Shares is not suitable for investors who need access to the money they invest and investors should provide for adequate liquidity outside of their investment in the Fund to meet their foreseeable liquidity needs. Before making an investment decision, an investor and/or its adviser should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to its investment objectives and personal situation and (ii) consider factors such as its personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs. Short-term investors and investors who cannot bear the loss of some or all of their investment and/or the risks associated with a lack of liquidity should not invest in the Fund. Unlike shares of open‑end funds (commonly known as mutual funds), which generally are redeemable on a daily basis, the Shares are not redeemable at an investor’s option, and unlike traditional listed closed‑end funds the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. Notwithstanding that the Fund conducts periodic repurchase offers, investors should not
 
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expect to be able to sell their Shares when and/or in the amount desired regardless of how the Fund performs. See “Closed‑End Fund Structure” in this prospectus.
 
Custodian and Transfer Agent
  
State Street Bank and Trust Company serves as the Fund’s custodian, and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. serves as the Fund’s transfer agent.
 
Administrator
  
State Street Bank and Trust Company serves as the Fund’s administrator and fund accountant.
 
Principal Risk Considerations
  
An investment in the Shares of the Fund involves risk. You should consider carefully the risks summarized below, each of which is described in more detail under “Risks” beginning on page 70 of this prospectus.
 
Closed‑End Interval Fund; Illiquidity of Shares. The Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. An investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed‑end fund, should be considered illiquid. The Shares are appropriate only for investors who are seeking an investment in less liquid or illiquid portfolio investments within an illiquid fund. An investment in the Shares is not suitable for investors who need access to the money they invest and investors should provide for adequate liquidity outside of their investment in the Fund to meet their foreseeable liquidity needs. Before making an investment decision, an investor and/or its adviser should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to its investment objectives and personal situation and (ii) consider factors such as its personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs. Short-term investors and investors who cannot bear the loss of some or all of their investment and/or the risks associated with a lack of liquidity should not invest in the Fund. Unlike open‑end funds (commonly known as mutual funds), which generally permit redemptions on a daily basis, the Shares are not redeemable at an investor’s option. Unlike traditional listed closed‑end funds, the Shares are not listed for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. The NAV of the Shares may be volatile and the Fund’s use of leverage will increase this volatility. As the Shares are not traded, investors may not be able to dispose of their investment in the Fund when or in the amount desired, no matter how the Fund performs.
 
Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case the Fund may not repurchase all of your Shares tendered in that offer. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire.
 
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Investment Risk. An investment in the Fund’s Shares is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire amount that you invest. The Shares are designed for long-term investors, and the Fund should not be treated as a trading vehicle. At any point in time an investment in the Fund’s Shares may be worth less than the original amount invested, even after taking into account distributions paid by the Fund. During periods in which the Fund may use leverage, the Fund’s investment and certain other risks will be magnified.
 
Repurchase Offers Risk. As described under “Periodic Repurchase Offers,” the Fund is an “interval fund” and, to provide some liquidity to shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c‑3 under the Investment Company Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers are generally beneficial to the Fund’s shareholders. Repurchase offers generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities but may be funded with borrowings. However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities, and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment income. Certain shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase requests by these shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchases to be oversubscribed, with the result that shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarterly period, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. Affiliates of the Fund may own Shares and determine to participate in the Fund’s repurchase offers, which may contribute to a repurchase offer being oversubscribed and the Fund effecting repurchases on a
 
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pro rata basis. The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers” in the prospectus.
 
Distribution Payment Risk. The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year‑to‑year increases in cash distributions. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment income, the Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time. Shareholders should not assume that the source of distributions will be net profits.
 
In the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s distributions may constitute a return of capital to shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the shareholder’s original investment.
 
Effect of Additional Subscriptions. The Fund intends to accept additional subscriptions for Shares, and such subscriptions will dilute the interest of existing shareholders in the Fund’s investment portfolio, which could have an adverse impact on the value of existing shareholders’ Shares.
 
Purchase Price Risk. The purchase price at which an investor purchases Shares will be determined as of the close of the regular trading session on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) on each business day on which the NYSE is open for trading (“daily closing”) and will equal the NAV per Common Share of the applicable class as of such date, plus, with respect to Class A Shares, the applicable sales load. As a result, in the event of an increase in the Fund’s NAV per Common Share of an applicable class, an investor’s purchase price may be higher than the prior daily closing price per Common Share of the applicable class, and therefore an investor may receive fewer Shares than if an investor had subscribed at the prior daily closing price.
 
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Best-Efforts Offering Risk. This offering is being made on a reasonable best efforts basis, whereby the Distributor is only required to use its reasonable best efforts to sell the Shares and neither it nor any Dealer has a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base. As a result, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and an investor could lose some or all of the value of his or her investment in the Shares. The Distributor is an affiliate of the Fund and the Advisor. As a result, the Distributor’s due diligence review and investigation of the Fund and this prospectus cannot be considered to be an independent review.
 
  
Municipal Securities Market Risk. Economic exposure to the municipal securities market involves certain risks. The municipal market is one in which dealer firms make markets in bonds on a principal basis using their proprietary capital. Most municipal securities will not be registered with the SEC or any state securities commission and will not be listed on any national securities exchange. The amount of public information available about the municipal securities to which the Fund is economically exposed is generally less than that for corporate equities or bonds, and the investment performance of the Fund may therefore be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisor than would be a fund investing solely in stocks or taxable bonds. The secondary market for municipal securities, particularly the below investment grade securities to which the Fund may be economically exposed, also tends to be less well-developed or liquid than many other securities markets, which may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to sell such securities at attractive prices or at prices approximating those at which the Fund currently values them.
 
In addition, many state and municipal governments that issue securities are under significant economic and financial stress and may not be able to satisfy their obligations. This stress may be significantly exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic. The ability of municipal issuers to make timely payments of interest and principal may be diminished during general economic downturns and as governmental cost burdens are reallocated among federal, state and local governments. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited by provisions of state constitutions or laws and an entity’s credit will depend on many factors, including the entity’s tax base, the extent to which the entity relies on federal or state aid, and other factors which are beyond the entity’s control. In addition, laws enacted in the future by Congress or state legislatures or referenda could extend the time for payment of principal and/or interest, or impose other constraints on enforcement of such obligations or on the
 
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ability of municipalities to levy taxes. Issuers of municipal securities might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of municipal securities could experience delays in collecting principal and interest and such holders may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which they are entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in the payment of interest or repayment of principal, or both, the Fund may take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuer’s obligations on such securities, which may increase the Fund’s operating expenses. Any income derived from the Fund’s ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax‑exempt or may fail to generate qualifying income for purposes of the income tests applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”).
 
Risk Factors and Special Considerations Relating to Municipal Securities. The risks and special considerations involved in investment in municipal securities vary with the types of instruments being acquired. Certain instruments in which the Fund may invest may be characterized as derivative instruments. See “The Fund’s Investments—Description of Municipal Securities” and “The Fund’s Investments—Strategic Transactions—Financial Futures Transactions and Options.”
 
The value of municipal securities generally may be affected by uncertainties in the municipal markets as a result of legislation or litigation, including legislation or litigation that changes the taxation of municipal securities or the rights of municipal security holders in the event of a bankruptcy. Municipal bankruptcies are rare, and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcies are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal security issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal security issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal securities in which the Fund invests.
 
Tax‑Exempt Status Risk. In making investments, the Fund and the Advisor will rely on the opinion of issuers’ bond counsel and, in the case of derivative securities, sponsors’ counsel, on the tax‑exempt status of interest on municipal obligations and payments under tax-exempt derivative securities. Neither the Fund nor the Advisor will independently review the bases for those tax opinions. If any of those tax opinions are ultimately determined to be incorrect or if events occur after the security is acquired that impact the security’s tax‑exempt status, the Fund and its shareholders could be subject to substantial tax liabilities. An assertion by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) that a portfolio security is not exempt from U.S. federal income tax (contrary to indications from the issuer) could affect the Fund’s and its shareholders’ income tax liability for the current or past years and could create liability for information reporting penalties. In addition, an IRS assertion of taxability may cause the Fund to be
 
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ineligible to pay exempt-interest dividends or may impair the liquidity and the fair market value of the securities. See “Tax Matters.”
 
Taxability Risk. The Fund intends to minimize the payment of taxable income to shareholders by investing in tax‑exempt or municipal securities in reliance at the time of purchase on an opinion of bond counsel to the issuer that the interest paid on those securities will be excludable from gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such securities, however, may be determined to pay, or have paid, taxable income subsequent to the Fund’s acquisition of the securities. In that event, the treatment of dividends previously paid or to be paid by the Fund as “exempt interest dividends” could be adversely affected, subjecting the Fund’s shareholders to increased U.S. federal income tax liabilities. Alternatively, the Fund might enter into an agreement with the IRS to pay an agreed upon amount in lieu of the IRS adjusting individual shareholders’ income tax liabilities. If the Fund agrees to enter into such an agreement, the Fund’s yield could be adversely affected. Further, shareholders at the time the Fund enters into such an agreement that were not shareholders when the dividends in question were paid would bear some cost for a benefit they did not receive. Federal tax legislation may limit the types and volume of bonds the interest on which qualifies for a federal income tax‑exemption. As a result, current legislation and legislation that may be enacted in the future may affect the availability of municipal securities for investment by the Fund. In addition, future laws, regulations, rulings or court decisions may cause interest on municipal securities to be subject, directly or indirectly, to U.S. federal income taxation or interest on state municipal securities to be subject to state or local income taxation, or the value of state municipal securities to be subject to state or local intangible personal property tax, or may otherwise prevent the Fund from realizing the full current benefit of the tax‑exempt status of such securities. Any such change could also affect the market price of such securities, and thus the value of an investment in the Fund.
 
Alternative Minimum Tax and Capital Gain Tax Risk. The Fund expects that a portion of the interest or income it produces will be includable in alternative minimum taxable income. There is no limit on the portion of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in municipal securities the income from which would be subject to the alternative minimum tax. Exempt interest dividends also are likely to be subject to state and local income taxes. Distributions of any capital gain or other taxable income will be taxable to shareholders. The Shares may not be a suitable investment for investors who are subject to the federal alternative minimum tax or who would become subject to such tax by purchasing common shares. The suitability of an investment in common shares will depend upon a comparison of the after‑tax yield likely to be provided from the Fund with that from comparable tax‑exempt investments not subject to the alternative minimum tax, and from comparable fully taxable investments, in light of each such investor’s tax position.
 
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Fixed-Income Securities Risks. Fixed-income securities in which the Fund may invest are generally subject to the following risks:
 
Interest Rate Risk. The market value of bonds and other fixed-income securities changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the recent period of historically low interest rates. The Federal Reserve raised and maintained the federal funds rate as part of its efforts to address rising inflation. There is a risk that interest rates will continue to rise, which will likely drive down prices of bonds and other fixed-income securities. The magnitude of these fluctuations in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer maturities. Fluctuations in the market price of the Fund’s investments will not affect interest income derived from instruments already owned by the Fund, but will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. The Fund may lose money if short-term or long-term interest rates rise sharply in a manner not anticipated by the Fund’s management.
 
To the extent the Fund invests in debt securities that may be prepaid at the option of the obligor, the sensitivity of such securities to changes in interest rates may increase (to the detriment of the Fund) when interest rates rise. Moreover, because rates on certain floating rate debt securities typically reset only periodically, changes in prevailing interest rates (and particularly sudden and significant changes) can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the NAV of the Fund to the extent that it invests in floating rate debt securities. These basic principles of bond prices also apply to U.S. Government securities. A security backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. Government is guaranteed only as to its stated interest rate and face value at maturity, not its current market price. Just like other fixed-income securities, government-guaranteed securities will fluctuate in value when interest rates change.
 
The Fund’s use of leverage will tend to increase the Fund’s interest rate risk. The Fund may utilize certain strategies, including taking positions in futures or interest rate swaps, for the purpose of reducing the interest rate sensitivity of fixed-income securities held by the Fund and decreasing the Fund’s exposure to interest rate risk. The Fund is not required to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk and may choose not to do so. In addition, there is no assurance that any attempts by the Fund to reduce interest rate risk will be successful or that any hedges that the Fund may establish will perfectly correlate with movements in interest rates.
 
Issuer Risk. The value of fixed-income securities may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, reduced demand for the issuer’s goods and services, historical and prospective earnings of the issuer and the value of the assets of the issuer.
 
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Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more fixed-income securities in the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or fail to make timely payments of interest or principal when due, or otherwise honor their obligations, because the issuer of the security experiences a decline in its financial status. Credit risk is increased when a portfolio security is downgraded or the perceived creditworthiness of the issuer deteriorates. To the extent the Fund invests in below investment grade securities, it will be exposed to a greater amount of credit risk than a fund that only invests in investment grade securities. See “Risks—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.” In addition, to the extent the Fund uses credit derivatives, such use will expose it to additional risk in the event that the bonds underlying the derivatives default. The degree of credit risk depends on the issuer’s financial condition and on the terms of the securities.
 
Prepayment Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, borrowers may exercise their option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For fixed rate securities, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest rates, forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income and distributions to shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call” risk. Below investment grade securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than par) only if certain prescribed conditions are met (i.e., “call protection”). For premium bonds (bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value) purchased by the Fund, prepayment risk may be increased.
 
Reinvestment Risk. Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded or called fixed-income securities at market interest rates that are below the Fund portfolio’s current earnings rate.
 
Duration and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no set policy regarding portfolio maturity or duration of the fixed-income securities it may hold. The Advisor may seek to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity based on its assessment of current and projected market conditions and all other factors that the Advisor deems relevant. Any decisions as to the targeted duration or maturity of any particular category of investments or of the Fund’s portfolio generally will be made based on all pertinent market factors at any given time. The Fund may incur costs in seeking to adjust the portfolio’s average duration or maturity. There can be no assurance that the Advisor’s assessment of current and projected market conditions will be correct or that any strategy to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity will be successful at any given time. In general, the longer the duration of any fixed-income securities in the Fund’s portfolio, the more exposure the Fund will have to the interest rate risks described above. See “Risks—Fixed-Income Securities Risks—Duration and Maturity Risk.”
 
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Spread Risk. Credit spread refers to the difference in interest rates between higher quality and lower quality debt securities, with credit spreads tending to be wider for lower quality securities. Wider credit spreads and decreasing market values typically represent a deterioration of a debt security’s credit soundness and a perceived greater likelihood of risk or default by the issuer. In addition, credit spreads in general, or for a particular quality of securities, may widen due to the anticipation of deteriorating economic conditions, with widening tending to be greater for lower grade securities. A widening of spread for a security generally will result in a reduction in the market value of the security.
 
Below Investment Grade Securities Risk. The Fund will invest without limit in Municipal Bonds that are rated, at the time of investment, below investment grade quality (rated Ba/BB or below, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor), which are commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal when due. The value of high yield, lower quality bonds is affected by the creditworthiness of the issuers of the securities and by general economic and specific industry conditions. Issuers of high yield bonds are not perceived to be as strong financially as those with higher credit ratings. These issuers are more vulnerable to financial setbacks and recession than more creditworthy issuers, which may impair their ability to make interest and principal payments. Lower grade securities may be particularly susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities. In addition, it is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such securities.
 
The secondary market for lower grade securities may be less liquid than that for higher rated securities. Adverse conditions could make it difficult at times for the Fund to sell certain securities or could result in lower prices than those used in calculating the Fund’s NAV. Because of the substantial risks associated with investments in lower grade securities, you could lose money on your investment in Shares of the Fund, both in the short-term and the long-term. To the extent that the Fund invests in lower grade securities that have not been rated by a rating agency, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities. See “Risks—Below Investment Grade Securities Risk.”
 
Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk. Investments in the securities of financially distressed issuers are speculative and involve substantial risks. These securities may present a substantial risk of default or may be in default at the time of investment. The Fund may
 
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incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a portfolio company, the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than its original investment. Among the risks inherent in investments in a troubled entity is that it frequently may be difficult to obtain information as to the true financial condition of such issuer. The Advisor’s judgment about the credit quality of the issuer and the relative value and liquidity of its securities may prove to be wrong. Distressed securities and any securities received in an exchange for such securities may be subject to restrictions on resale.
 
Unrated Securities Risk. Because the Fund may purchase securities that are not rated by any rating organization, the Advisor may, after assessing their credit quality, internally assign ratings to certain of those securities in categories similar to those of rating organizations. Some unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, which means the Fund might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities.
 
Leverage Risk. The use of leverage creates an opportunity for increased common share net investment income distributions, but also creates risks for the holders of Shares.
 
There can be no assurance that the Fund’s intended leveraging strategy will be successful. Leverage involves risks and special considerations for holders of Shares, including:
 
●  the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and distribution rate of the Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
 
●  the risk that fluctuations in interest rates or dividend rates on any leverage that the Fund must pay will reduce the return to the holders of Shares;
 
●  the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged; and
 
●  leverage may increase operating costs, which may reduce total return.
 
Any decline in the NAV of the Fund’s investments will be borne entirely by the holders of Shares. Therefore, if the market value of the Fund’s portfolio declines, leverage will result in a greater decrease in NAV to the holders of Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged. While the Fund may from time to time consider reducing leverage in
 
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response to actual or anticipated changes in interest rates in an effort to mitigate the increased volatility of current income and NAV associated with leverage, there can be no assurances that the Fund will actually reduce leverage in the future or that any reduction, if undertaken, will benefit the holders of Shares. Changes in the future direction of interest rates are very difficult to predict accurately. If the Fund were to reduce leverage based on a prediction about future changes to interest rates, and that prediction turned out to be incorrect, the reduction in leverage would likely operate to reduce the income and/or total returns to holders of Shares relative to the circumstance where the Fund had not reduced leverage. The Fund may decide that this risk outweighs the likelihood of achieving the desired reduction to volatility in income and share price if the prediction were to prove to be correct and therefore determine not to reduce leverage as described above.
 
The Fund currently utilizes leverage through investments in TOB Residuals (see “Risks—Tender Option Bond Risk”).
 
The Fund may utilize leverage through investment in derivatives. See “Risks—Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk.” Under Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act, among other things, the Fund must either use derivatives in a limited manner or comply with an outer limit on fund leverage risk based on value‑at‑risk. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet the applicable requirements of the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder.
 
Certain types of leverage used by the Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements. The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for the short-term debt securities or preferred shares issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the Investment Company Act. The Advisor does not believe that these covenants or guidelines will impede it from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies.
 
In addition to the foregoing, the use of leverage treated as indebtedness of the Fund for U.S. federal income tax purposes may reduce the amount of Fund dividends that are otherwise eligible for the dividends received deduction in the hands of corporate shareholders.
 
Tender Option Bond Risk. The Fund may leverage its assets through the use of TOB Residuals, which are derivative interests in municipal bonds. The TOB Residuals in which the Fund may invest pay interest or income that, in the opinion of counsel to the issuer of such TOB Residuals, is exempt from regular U.S. federal income tax. No
 
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independent investigation will be made to confirm the tax‑exempt status of the interest or income paid by TOB Residuals held by the Fund. There is no assurance that the Fund’s strategy of using TOB Residuals to leverage its assets will be successful.
 
TOB Residuals represent beneficial interests in a special purpose trust formed for the purpose of holding municipal bonds contributed by one or more funds (a “TOB Trust”). A TOB Trust typically issues two classes of beneficial interests: short-term floating rate interests (“TOB Floaters”), which are sold to third party investors, and TOB Residuals, which are generally issued to the fund(s) that transferred municipal bonds to the TOB Trust. TOB Floaters may have first priority on the cash flow from the municipal bonds held by the TOB Trust and are enhanced with a liquidity support arrangement provided by a third party bank or other financial institution (the “TOBs Liquidity Provider”) which allows holders to tender their position at par (plus accrued interest). The Fund, as a holder of TOB Residuals, is paid the residual cash flow from the TOB Trust after payment of TOB Trust expenses and interest on the TOB Floaters. As result, distributions on TOB Residuals will bear an inverse relationship to short-term municipal bond interest rates. Distributions on the TOB Residuals paid to the Fund will be reduced or, in the extreme, eliminated as short-term municipal interest rates rise and will increase when short-term municipal interest rates fall. The amount of such reduction or increase is a function, in part, of the amount of TOB Floaters sold by the TOB Trust relative to the amount of the TOB Residuals that it sells. The greater the amount of TOB Floaters sold relative to the TOB Residuals, the more volatile the distributions on the TOB Residuals will be. Short-term interest rates have been at historic lows in recent years, but have begun to increase and are generally expected to continue to do so in the current market environment.
 
The municipal bonds transferred to a TOB Trust typically are high grade municipal bonds. In certain cases, when municipal bonds transferred are lower grade municipal bonds, the TOB Trust transaction includes a credit enhancement feature that provides for the timely payment of principal and interest on the bonds to the TOB Trust by a credit enhancement provider. The TOB Trust would be responsible for the payment of the credit enhancement fee and the Fund, as a TOB Residual holder, would be responsible for reimbursement of any payments of principal and interest made by the credit enhancement provider.
 
Any leverage achieved through the Fund’s investment in TOB Residuals will increase the possibility that common share long-term returns will be diminished if the cost of the TOB Floaters issued by a TOB Trust exceeds the return on the securities in the TOB Trust. If the income and gains earned on municipal securities owned by a TOB Trust that issues TOB Residuals to the Fund are greater than the payments due on the TOB Floaters issued by the TOB Trust, the Fund’s returns will be greater than if it had not invested in the TOB Residuals.
 
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Although the Fund generally would unwind a TOB transaction rather than try to sell a TOB Residual, if it did try to sell a TOB Residual, its ability to do so would depend on the liquidity of the TOB Residual.
 
TOB Residuals have varying degrees of liquidity based, among other things, upon the liquidity of the underlying securities deposited in the TOB Trust. The market price of TOB Residuals is more volatile than the underlying municipal bonds due to leverage.
 
The leverage attributable to the Fund’s use of TOB Residuals may be “called away” on relatively short notice and therefore may be less permanent than more traditional forms of leverage. The TOB Trust may be collapsed without the consent of the Fund upon the occurrence of termination events, as defined in the TOB Trust agreements, including if TOB Floaters that are tendered to the TOBs Liquidity Provider cannot be remarketed. Attempts to remarket tendered securities often failed during volatile market conditions in the past. Upon the occurrence of a termination event, a TOB Trust would be liquidated with the proceeds applied first to any accrued fees owed to the trustee of the TOB Trust, the remarketing agent of the TOB Floaters and the TOBs Liquidity Provider. Upon certain termination events, the holders of the TOB Floaters would be paid before the TOB Residual holders (i.e., the Fund) whereas in other termination events, the TOB Floater and TOB Residual holders would be paid pro rata. If the proceeds upon liquidation of a TOB Trust, net of payment of fees, are less than the aggregate amount the TOB Residual and TOB Floater holders invested in the TOB Trust, the Fund as a TOB Residual holder will realize a loss on its investment, particularly if the TOB Floater holders are paid before the TOB Residual holders. The risk of such a loss may be greater during volatile market conditions when it may be difficult to sell the bonds held by a TOB Trust.
 
The Fund may invest in a TOB Trust on either a non‑recourse or recourse basis. If the Fund invests in a TOB Trust on a recourse basis, it will typically enter into a reimbursement agreement with the TOBs Liquidity Provider pursuant to which the Fund is required to reimburse the TOBs Liquidity Provider the balance, if any, of the amount owed under the liquidity facility over the liquidation proceeds (the “Liquidation Shortfall”). As a result, if the Fund invests in a recourse TOB Trust, the Fund will bear the risk of loss with respect to any Liquidation Shortfall.
 
The Fund structures and “sponsors” the TOB Trusts in which it holds TOB Residuals and has certain duties and responsibilities, which may give rise to certain additional risks including, but not limited to, compliance, securities law and operational risks.
 
TOB Trusts constitute an important component of the municipal bond market. Any modifications or changes to the rules governing TOB Trusts may adversely impact the municipal market and the Fund, including through reduced demand for and liquidity of municipal bonds and increased financing costs for municipal issuers. The
 
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ultimate impact of any potential modifications on the TOB market and the overall municipal market is not yet certain.
 
Insurance Risk. The Fund may purchase municipal securities that are secured by insurance or may purchase insurance for municipal securities it owns. Insurance guarantees that interest payments on a municipal security will be made on time and that the principal will be repaid when the security matures. Insurance is expected to protect the Fund against losses caused by a municipal security issuer’s failure to make interest and principal payments. However, insurance does not protect the Fund or its shareholders against losses caused by declines in a municipal security’s value. Also, the Fund cannot be certain that any insurance company will make the payments it guarantees. While an insured municipal security will typically be deemed to have the rating of its insurer, if the insurer of a municipal security suffers a downgrade in its credit rating or the market discounts the value of the insurance provided by the insurer, the rating of the underlying municipal security will be more relevant and the value of the municipal security would more closely, if not entirely, reflect such rating. The Fund may lose money on its investment if the insurance company does not make payments it guarantees. If a municipal security’s insurer fails to fulfill its obligations or loses its credit rating, the value of the security could drop.
 
Yield and Ratings Risk. The yields on debt obligations are dependent on a variety of factors, including general market conditions, conditions in the particular market for the obligation, the financial condition of the issuer, the size of the offering, the maturity of the obligation and the ratings of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch, which are described in “Appendix A—Description of Bond Ratings” to the SAI, represent their respective opinions as to the quality of the obligations they undertake to rate. Ratings, however, are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, a rated security may cease to be rated. The Advisor will consider such an event in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold the security.
 
Zero-Coupon Securities Risk. Zero-coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and do not pay interest during the life of the security. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the security will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Upon maturity, the holder of a zero‑coupon security is entitled to receive the par value of the security.
 
The Fund accrues income with respect to these securities for U.S. federal income tax and accounting purposes prior to the receipt of cash payments. Zero-coupon securities may be subject to greater
 
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fluctuation in value and less liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities that pay cash interest at regular intervals.
 
Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under the federal tax laws, the Fund is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently, may have to dispose of other, more liquid portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances or may have to leverage itself by borrowing in order to generate the cash to satisfy these distributions. The required distributions may result in an increase in the Fund’s exposure to zero‑coupon securities.
 
In addition to the above-described risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero‑coupon securities. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, the Fund’s investment exposure to these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are held in the Fund’s portfolio.
 
Variable Rate Demand Obligations Risk. VRDOs are floating rate securities that combine an interest in a long-term municipal bond with a right to demand payment before maturity from a bank or other financial institution. If the bank or financial institution is unable to pay, the Fund may lose money.
 
Indexed and Inverse Securities Risk. Indexed and inverse securities provide a potential return based on a particular index of value or interest rates. The Fund’s return on these securities will be subject to risk with respect to the value of the particular index. These securities are subject to leverage risk and correlation risk. Certain indexed and inverse securities have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates or index levels than other securities, and the Fund’s investment in such instruments may decline significantly in value if interest rates or index levels move in a way Fund management does not anticipate.
 
When-Issued, Forward Commitment and Delayed Delivery Transactions Risk. The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis (including on a forward commitment or “TBA” (to be announced) basis) and may purchase or sell securities for delayed delivery. When-issued and delayed delivery transactions occur when securities are purchased or sold by the Fund with payment and delivery taking place in the future to secure an advantageous yield or price. Securities purchased on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may expose the Fund to counterparty risk of default as well as the risk that securities may experience fluctuations in value prior to their actual delivery. The Fund will not accrue income with respect to a when-issued or delayed delivery security prior to its stated delivery date. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis can involve the additional risk that the price or yield available in the market when the delivery takes place may not be as favorable as that obtained in the transaction itself.
 
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Repurchase Agreements Risk. Subject to its investment objective and policies, the Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements typically involve the acquisition by the Fund of fixed-income securities from a selling financial institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer. The agreement provides that the Fund will sell the securities back to the institution at a fixed time in the future. The Fund does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under its repurchase obligation. In the event of the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying securities and losses, including possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto; possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and expenses of enforcing its rights. While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with direct investments in fixed-income securities, the Fund follows procedures approved by the Board that are designed to minimize such risks. In addition, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the Fund generally will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercise of the Fund’s right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could suffer a loss.
 
Securities Lending Risk. The Fund may lend securities to financial institutions. Securities lending involves exposure to certain risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees the Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), foreign exchange risk (i.e., the risk of a shortfall at default when a cash collateral investment is denominated in a currency other than the currency of the assets being loaned due to movements in foreign exchange rates), and credit, legal, counterparty and market risks. If a securities lending counterparty were to default, the Fund would be subject to the risk of a possible delay in receiving collateral or in recovering the loaned securities, or to a possible loss of rights in the collateral. In the event a borrower does not return the Fund’s securities as agreed, the Fund may experience losses if the proceeds received from liquidating the collateral do not at least equal the value of the loaned security at the time the collateral is liquidated, plus the transaction costs incurred in purchasing replacement securities. This event could trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund. The Fund could lose money if its short-term investment of the collateral declines in value over the period of the loan. Substitute payments for dividends received by the Fund for securities loaned out by the Fund will
 
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generally not be considered qualified dividend income. The securities lending agent will take the tax effects on shareholders of this difference into account in connection with the Fund’s securities lending program. Substitute payments received on tax‑exempt securities loaned out will generally not be tax‑exempt income.
 
Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in illiquid or less liquid investments or investments in which no secondary market is readily available or which are otherwise illiquid, including private placement securities. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such investments at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such investments if they were more widely-traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity can also affect the market price of investments, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions. The financial markets have in recent years experienced periods of extreme secondary market supply and demand imbalance, resulting in a loss of liquidity during which market prices were suddenly and substantially below traditional measures of intrinsic value. During such periods, some investments could be sold only at arbitrary prices and with substantial losses. Periods of such market dislocation may occur again at any time.
 
Restricted securities are securities that may not be sold to the public without an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or that may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or pursuant to an exemption from registration. For example, Rule 144A under the Securities Act provides an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the resale of certain restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers, such as the Fund. However, an insufficient number of qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing the Rule 144A-eligible securities that the Fund holds could affect adversely the marketability of certain Rule 144A securities, and the Fund might be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable prices. When registration is required to sell a security, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and considerable time may pass before the Fund is permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If adverse market conditions develop during this period, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than the price that prevailed when the Fund decided to sell. The Fund may be unable to sell restricted and other illiquid investments at opportune times or prices.
 
Investment Companies and ETFs Risk. Subject to the limitations set forth in the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder, the Fund may acquire shares in other investment companies and in exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), some of which may be affiliated investment companies. These investment companies and ETFs will generally have investment exposure to the commodities markets
 
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which may subject them to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The market value of the shares of other investment companies and ETFs may differ from their NAV. As an investor in investment companies and ETFs, the Fund would bear its ratable share of that entity’s expenses (to the extent not offset by BlackRock through waivers), including its investment advisory and administration fees, while continuing to pay its own advisory and administration fees and other expenses. As a result, shareholders will be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in other investment companies and ETFs (to the extent not offset by BlackRock through waivers).
 
The securities of other investment companies and ETFs, in which the Fund may invest may be leveraged. As a result, the Fund may be indirectly exposed to leverage through an investment in such securities. An investment in securities of other investment companies and ETFs, that use leverage may expose the Fund to higher volatility in the market value of such securities and the possibility that the Fund’s long-term returns on such securities (and, indirectly, the long-term returns of shares of the Fund) will be diminished. As with other investments, investments in other investment companies, including ETFs, are subject to market and selection risk. To the extent the Fund is held by an affiliated fund, the ability of the Fund itself to hold other investment companies may be limited.
 
Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk. The Fund may engage in various Strategic Transactions for duration management and other investment and risk management purposes, including to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio resulting from trends in the securities markets and changes in interest rates or to protect the Fund’s unrealized gains in the value of its portfolio securities, to facilitate the sale of portfolio securities for investment purposes or to establish a position in the securities markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing particular securities or to enhance income or gain. Derivatives are financial contracts or instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index (or relationship between two indices). The Fund also may use derivatives to add leverage to the portfolio and/or to hedge against increases in the Fund’s costs associated with any leverage strategy that it may employ. The use of Strategic Transactions to enhance current income may be speculative.
 
Strategic Transactions involve risks. The risks associated with Strategic Transactions include (i) the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets, (ii) the possible default of the counterparty to the transaction, (iii) illiquidity of the derivative instruments, and (iv) high volatility losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited. Although both OTC and exchange-traded derivatives markets may experience a lack of liquidity, OTC non‑standardized derivative transactions are generally less liquid than exchange-traded
 
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instruments. The illiquidity of the derivatives markets may be due to various factors, including congestion, disorderly markets, limitations on deliverable supplies, the participation of speculators, government regulation and intervention, and technical and operational or system failures. In addition, daily limits on price fluctuations and speculative position limits on exchanges on which the Fund may conduct its transactions in derivative instruments may prevent prompt liquidation of positions, subjecting the Fund to the potential of greater losses. Furthermore, the Fund’s ability to successfully use Strategic Transactions depends on the Advisor’s ability to predict pertinent asset prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors, which cannot be assured.
 
The use of Strategic Transactions may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. Additionally, amounts paid by the Fund as premiums and cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to Strategic Transactions are not otherwise available to the Fund for investment purposes. Please see the Fund’s SAI for a more detailed description of Strategic Transactions and the various derivative instruments the Fund may use and the various risks associated with them.
 
Exchange-traded derivatives and OTC derivative transactions submitted for clearing through a central counterparty have become subject to minimum initial and variation margin requirements set by the relevant clearinghouse, as well as possible margin requirements mandated by the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”). The CFTC and federal banking regulators also have imposed margin requirements on non‑cleared OTC derivatives, and the SEC’s non‑cleared margin requirements for security-based swaps became effective on November 1, 2021. Applicable margin requirements may increase the overall costs for the Fund.
 
Many OTC derivatives are valued on the basis of dealers’ pricing of these instruments. However, the price at which dealers value a particular derivative and the price that the same dealers would actually be willing to pay for such derivative should the Fund wish or be forced to sell such position may be materially different. Such differences can result in an overstatement of the Fund’s NAV and may materially adversely affect the Fund in situations in which the Fund is required to sell derivative instruments.
 
While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains. Hedges are sometimes subject to imperfect matching between the derivative and the underlying security, and there can be no assurance that the Fund’s hedging transactions will be effective.
 
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Derivatives may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose the Fund to greater risk and increase its costs. Recent legislation calls for new regulation of the derivatives markets. The extent and impact of the regulation is not yet known and may not be known for some time. New regulation may make derivatives more costly, may limit the availability of derivatives, or may otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives.
 
Future regulatory developments may impact the Fund’s ability to invest or remain invested in certain derivatives. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. The Advisor cannot predict the effects of any new governmental regulation that may be implemented on the ability of the Fund to use swaps or any other financial derivatives product, and there can be no assurance that any new governmental regulation will not adversely affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
 
Counterparty Risk. The Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the derivative contracts entered into by the Fund. Because derivative transactions in which the Fund may engage may involve instruments that are not traded on an exchange or cleared through a central counterparty but are instead traded between counterparties based on contractual relationships, the Fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not perform its obligations under the related contracts. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery, or may obtain no recovery, in such circumstances. Although the Fund intends to enter into transactions only with counterparties that the Advisor believes to be creditworthy, there can be no assurance that, as a result, a counterparty will not default and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction. In the event of the counterparty’s bankruptcy or insolvency, the Fund’s collateral may be subject to the conflicting claims of the counterparty’s creditors, and the Fund may be exposed to the risk of a court treating the Fund as a general unsecured creditor of the counterparty, rather than as the owner of the collateral.
 
The counterparty credit risk for cleared derivatives is generally lower than for uncleared OTC derivative transactions since a clearing organization is the counterparty to a cleared derivative contract and a clearing organization is generally considered to be of better credit quality than a counterparty to an uncleared OTC derivative transaction.
 
However, there can be no assurance that a clearing organization, or its members, will satisfy its obligations to the Fund, or that the Fund would be able to recover the full amount of assets deposited on its behalf with the clearing organization in the event of the default by the clearing organization or the Fund’s clearing broker. In addition,
 
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cleared derivative transactions benefit from daily marking‑to‑market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Uncleared OTC derivative transactions generally may not benefit from such protections. This exposes the Fund to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with its terms and conditions because of a dispute over the terms of the contract (whether or not bona fide) or because of a credit or liquidity problem, thus causing the Fund to suffer a loss. Such “counterparty risk” is accentuated for contracts with longer maturities where events may intervene to prevent settlement, or where the Fund has concentrated its transactions with a single or small group of counterparties.
 
In addition, the Fund is subject to the risk that issuers of the instruments in which it invests and trades may default on their obligations under those instruments, and that certain events may occur that have an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of those instruments. There can be no assurance that an issuer of an instrument in which the Fund invests will not default, or that an event that has an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of an instrument will not occur, and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction as a result.
 
Swaps Risk. Swaps are a type of derivative. Swap agreements involve the risk of changes in market value of the swap position as well as the risk that the swap counterparty will default on its payment or other obligations to the Fund and the risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its obligations to pay the other party to the agreement. In order to seek to hedge the value of the Fund’s portfolio, to hedge against increases in the Fund’s cost associated with interest payments on any outstanding borrowings or to seek to increase the Fund’s return, the Fund may enter into swaps, including interest rate swap, total return swap (sometimes referred to as a “contract for difference”) and/or credit default swap transactions. In interest rate swap transactions, there is a risk that yields will move in the direction opposite of the direction anticipated by the Fund, which would cause the Fund to make payments to its counterparty in the transaction that could adversely affect Fund performance. In addition to the risks applicable to swaps generally (including counterparty risk, high volatility, illiquidity risk and credit risk), credit default swap transactions involve special risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default or other credit event by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty).
 
The United States, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), requires that certain derivatives with U.S. persons must be executed on a regulated market and a substantial portion of OTC derivatives must be submitted for
 
31

  
clearing to regulated clearinghouses. As a result, swap transactions entered into by the Fund may become subject to various requirements applicable to swaps under the Dodd-Frank Act, including clearing, exchange-execution, reporting and recordkeeping requirements, which may make it more difficult and costly for the Fund to enter into swap transactions and may also render certain strategies in which the Fund might otherwise engage impossible or so costly that they will no longer be economical to implement. Furthermore, the number of counterparties that may be willing to enter into swap transactions with the Fund may also be limited if the swap transactions with the Fund are subject to the swap regulation under the Dodd-Frank Act.
 
Credit default and total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Fund’s portfolio because, in addition to its Managed Assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap in excess of any premium and margin required to establish and maintain the position. Total return swap agreements are subject to market risk as well as the risk that a counterparty will default on its payment obligations to the Fund thereunder. The Fund is not required to enter into swap transactions for hedging purposes or to enhance income or gain and may choose not to do so. In addition, the swaps market is subject to a changing regulatory environment. It is possible that regulatory or other developments in the swaps market could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to successfully use swaps.
 
Economic Sector and Geographic Risk. The Fund may invest 25% or more of its Managed Assets in municipal securities of issuers in the same state (or U.S. Territory) or in the same economic sector. If the Fund does so, this may make it more susceptible to adverse economic, political or regulatory occurrences affecting a particular state or economic sector. As concentration increases, so does the potential for fluctuation in the net asset value of the Shares. See “Risks—Economic Sector and Geographic Risk.”
 
Risks Associated with Recent Market Events. While interest rates have been historically low in recent years in the United States and abroad, inflation rates have recently risen significantly and the Federal Reserve and other central banks have recently been raising interest rates to address inflation which, among other factors, has led to markets experiencing high volatility. A significant increase in interest rates may cause a further decline in the market for equity securities and could lead to a recession. Further, regulators have expressed concern that rate increases may contribute to price volatility. The impact of inflation and the recent actions of the Federal Reserve have led to market volatility and may negatively affect the value of debt instruments held by the Fund and result in a negative impact on the Fund’s performance.
 
Political and diplomatic events within the United States, including a contentious domestic political environment, changes in political party
 
32

  
control of one or more branches of the U.S. government, the U.S. government’s inability at times to agree on a long term budget and deficit reduction plan, the threat of a U.S. government shutdown, and disagreements over, or threats not to increase, the U.S. government’s borrowing limit (or “debt ceiling”), as well as political and diplomatic events abroad, may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. A downgrade of the ratings of U.S. government debt obligations, or concerns about the U.S. government’s credit quality in general, could have a substantial negative effect on the U.S. and global economies. In recent years, some countries, including the United States, have adopted and/or are considering the adoption of more protectionist trade policies. A rise in protectionist trade policies, and the possibility of changes to some international trade agreements, could affect the economies of many nations in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. In addition, geopolitical and other risks, including environmental and public health risks, may add to instability in world economies and markets generally. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to countries experiencing economic, political and/or financial difficulties, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by such events.
 
An outbreak of an infectious coronavirus (COVID‑19) that was first detected in December 2019 developed into a global pandemic that has resulted in numerous disruptions in the market and has had significant economic impact leaving general concern and uncertainty. Although vaccines have been developed and approved for use by various governments, the duration of the pandemic and its effects cannot be predicted with certainty. The impact of this coronavirus, and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies and the market in general ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time.
 
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk. The occurrence of events similar to those in recent years, such as the aftermath of the war in Iraq, instability in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Egypt, Libya, Syria and the Middle East, international war or conflict (including the Israel-Hamas war), new and ongoing epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases and other global health events, natural/environmental disasters, terrorist attacks in the United States and around the world, social and political discord, debt crises (such as the Greek crisis), sovereign debt downgrades, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international community generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries, such as Venezuela and Spain, the exit or potential exit of one or more
 
33

  
countries from the European Union (“EU”) or the Economic and Monetary Union (“EMU”), and continued changes in the balance of political power among and within the branches of the U.S. government, among others, may result in market volatility, may have long term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
 
Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The extent and duration of the military action, resulting sanctions and resulting future market disruptions, including declines in its stock markets and the value of the ruble against the U.S. dollar, in the region are impossible to predict, but could be significant. Any such disruptions caused by Russian military action or other actions (including cyberattacks and espionage) or resulting actual and threatened responses to such activity, including purchasing and financing restrictions, boycotts or changes in consumer or purchaser preferences, sanctions, tariffs or cyberattacks on the Russian government, Russian companies or Russian individuals, including politicians, could have a severe adverse effect on Russia and the European region, including significant negative impacts on the Russian economy, the European economy and the markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas, and may likely have collateral impacts on such sectors globally as well as other sectors. How long such military action and related events will last cannot be predicted.
 
China and the United States have each imposed tariffs on the other country’s products. These actions may cause a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. U.S. companies that source material and goods from China and those that make large amounts of sales in China would be particularly vulnerable to an escalation of trade tensions. Uncertainty regarding the outcome of the trade tensions and the potential for a trade war could cause the U.S. dollar to decline against safe haven currencies, such as the Japanese yen and the Euro. Events such as these and their consequences are difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or other escalating actions may be taken in the future.
 
On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom (“UK”) officially withdrew from the EU (commonly known as “Brexit”). The UK and EU reached a preliminary trade agreement, which became effective on January 1, 2021, regarding the terms of their future trading relationship relating principally to the trading of goods; however, negotiations are ongoing for matters not covered by the agreement, such as the trade of financial services. Due to uncertainty of the current political environment, it is not possible to foresee the form or nature of the
 
34

  
future trading relationship between the UK and the EU. The longer term economic, legal, political and social framework to be put in place between the UK and the EU remains unclear and the ongoing political and economic uncertainty and periods of exacerbated volatility in both the UK and in wider European markets may continue for some time. In particular, Brexit may lead to a call for similar referendums in other European jurisdictions which may cause increased economic volatility in the European and global markets and may destabilize some or all of the other EU member countries. This uncertainty may have an adverse effect on the economy generally and on the ability of the Fund and its investments to execute their respective strategies, to receive attractive returns and/or to exit certain investments at an advantageous time or price. In particular, currency volatility may mean that the returns of the Fund and its investments are adversely affected by market movements and may make it more difficult, or more expensive, if the Fund elects to execute currency hedges. Potential decline in the value of the British Pound and/or the Euro against other currencies, along with the potential downgrading of the UK’s sovereign credit rating, may also have an impact on the performance of portfolio companies or investments located in the UK or Europe. In light of the above, no definitive assessment can currently be made regarding the impact that Brexit will have on the Fund, its investments or its organization more generally.
 
Cybersecurity incidents affecting particular companies or industries may adversely affect the economies of particular countries, regions or parts of the world in which the Fund invests.
 
The occurrence of any of these above events could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund does not know how long the securities markets may be affected by similar events and cannot predict the effects of similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets. There can be no assurance that similar events and other market disruptions will not have other material and adverse implications.
 
Regulation and Government Intervention Risk. Federal, state, and other governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations may take actions that affect the regulation of the issuers in which the Fund invests in ways that are unforeseeable. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund is regulated. Such legislation or regulation could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
 
In light of popular, political and judicial focus on finance related consumer protection, financial institution practices are also subject to greater scrutiny and criticism generally. In the case of transactions between financial institutions and the general public, there may be a greater tendency toward strict interpretation of terms and legal rights in favor of the consuming public, particularly where there is a real or perceived disparity in risk allocation and/or where consumers are
 
35

  
perceived as not having had an opportunity to exercise informed consent to the transaction. In the event of conflicting interests between retail investors holding common shares of a closed‑end investment company such as the Fund and a large financial institution, a court may similarly seek to strictly interpret terms and legal rights in favor of retail investors.
 
The Fund may be affected by governmental action in ways that are not foreseeable, and there is a possibility that such actions could have a significant adverse effect on the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.
 
Legal, Tax and Regulatory Risks. Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may have material adverse effects on the Fund.
 
To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs, the Fund must, among other things, derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from certain prescribed sources and distribute for each taxable year at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income” (generally, ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss). If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a RIC, all of its taxable income for that year (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.
 
The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department. Revisions in U.S. federal tax laws and interpretations of these laws could adversely affect the tax consequences of your investment.
 
Investment Dilution Risk. The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. After an investor purchases Shares, the Fund may sell additional Shares or other classes of Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be diluted.
 
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Advisor and Others. The investment activities of the Advisor and its affiliates (including BlackRock, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Affiliates”)) and their respective directors, officers and employees and of in the management of, or their interest in, their own accounts and other accounts they manage, may present conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders. BlackRock and its Affiliates provide investment management services to other funds and discretionary managed accounts that may follow investment programs similar to that of the Fund. Subject to the requirements of the
 
36

  
Investment Company Act, BlackRock and its Affiliates intend to engage in such activities and may receive compensation from third parties for their services. None of BlackRock or its Affiliates are under any obligation to share any investment opportunity, idea or strategy with the Fund. As a result, BlackRock and its Affiliates may compete with the Fund for appropriate investment opportunities. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of an Affiliate or another account managed by an Affiliate and it is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which one or more Affiliates and other accounts achieve profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts of interest. For additional information about potential conflicts of interest and the way in which BlackRock addresses such conflicts, please see “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI.
 
  
For a discussion of additional risks relating to investments in the Fund, including “Equity Securities Risk,” “Convertible Securities Risk,” “Short Sales Risk,” “Inflation Risk,” “Deflation Risk,” “Regulation as a ‘Commodity Pool’,” “Failures of Futures Commission Merchants and Clearing Organizations Risk,” “Reference Rate Replacement Risk,” “Market and Selection Risk,” “Defensive Investing Risk,” “Decision-Making Authority Risk,” “Management Risk,” “Valuation Risk,” “Reliance on the Advisor Risk,” “Reliance on Service Providers Risk,” “Information Technology Systems Risk,” “Cyber Security Risk,” “Misconduct of Employees and of Service Providers Risk,” “Operational Risk,” “Portfolio Turnover Risk,” and “Anti-Takeover Provisions Risk,” please see “Risks” beginning on page 70 of this prospectus.
 
37

SUMMARY OF FUND FEES AND EXPENSES
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares. You may qualify for sales load discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $250,000 in the fund complex advised by the Advisor or its affiliates. More information about these and other discounts is available from your Dealer or other financial intermediary and in the “Plan of Distribution” section on page 123 of this prospectus.
 
     Institutional Shares   Class A Shares   Class U Shares
Shareholder Transaction Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
Maximum Sales Load imposed on purchases
(as a percentage of offering price)(1)
   None   2.50%   None
Maximum Deferred Sales Load (as a percentage of offering price or repurchase proceeds, whichever is lower)    None   1.50%(2)   None
Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees(3)    None   None   None
Repurchase Fee(4)    None   None   None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of average net assets attributable to Shares, assuming the use of leverage)
Management Fee(7)    0.90%   0.90%   0.90%
Distribution and Servicing Fee(5)    None   0.75%   0.75%
Interest Expense(6)    0.81%   0.81%   0.81%
Other Expenses    0.14%   0.14%   0.14%
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses    0.01%   0.01%   0.01%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses    1.86%   2.61%   2.61%
Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursement(7)(8)    (0.04)%   (0.04)%   (0.04)%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursement    1.82%   2.57%   2.57%
 
(1)
There is no sales load for Institutional Shares and Class U Shares. Investors purchasing Class A Shares may be charged a sales load of up to 2.50% of the investor’s aggregate purchase. The table assumes the maximum sales load is charged. The Distributor or Dealers may waive all or a portion of the sales load for certain classes of investors. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor imposes a sales load on Class U Shares, if you buy Class U Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their selling agents or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
 
(2)
A contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.50% is assessed on Fund repurchases of Class A Shares made within 18 months after purchase where no initial sales load was paid at the time of purchase as part of an investment of $250,000 or more.
 
(3)
The Reinvestment Plan Agent’s (as defined below under “Dividend Reinvestment Plan”) fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends will be paid by the Fund. Any fees attributable to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan are included in the estimate of “Other Expenses.”
 
(4)
The Fund does not currently intend to impose a repurchase fee but is permitted to charge up to 2%. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers—Repurchase Fee.”
 
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(5)
The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and pays the Distribution and Servicing Fee under such plan. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to each of the Class A Shares and Class U Shares) is 0.75%. 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee. See “Plan of Distribution—Distribution and Servicing Plan – Class A Shares and Class U Shares.”
 
(6)
The total expense table assumes 18% leverage and includes estimated interest expense associated with the Fund’s investment of 4.35% of its net assets in TOB Residuals (also known as “inverse floaters”). Although such interest expense is actually paid by special purpose vehicles in which the Fund invests, they will be recorded on the Fund’s financial statements for accounting purposes.
 
(7)
The Fund and the Advisor have entered into a fee waiver agreement (the “Fee Waiver Agreement”), pursuant to which the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the management fee with respect to any portion of the Fund’s assets attributable to investments in any equity and fixed-income mutual funds and exchange-traded funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates that have a contractual fee, through June 30, 2026. In addition, pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its management fees by the amount of investment advisory fees the Fund pays to the Advisor indirectly through its investment in money market funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates, through June 30, 2026. The Fee Waiver Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, only by the Fund (upon the vote of a majority of the Independent Directors or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund), upon 90 days’ written notice by the Fund to the Advisor.
 
(8)
Pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive 0.04% of Other Expenses through June 30, 2026.
Example
As required by relevant SEC regulations, the following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above, that the maximum initial sales load is charged on Class A Shares (and thus no CDSC is charged upon Fund repurchases of Class A Shares), and that the Fee Waiver Agreement is only in effect for the first year since it expires on June 30, 2026. The Fee Waiver Agreement for the Fund expires on June 30, 2026; thus, the Fee Waiver set out in the table above is reflected in the example through such date. The Fee Waiver Agreement, however, does continue from year to year if approved by a majority of the Fund’s Independent Directors.
An investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment in the Shares, assuming a 5.0% annual return.
 
     1 Year      3 Years      5 Years      10 Years   
Institutional Shares
   $ 18      $ 58      $ 100      $ 218  
Class A Shares
   $ 50      $ 104      $ 160      $ 312  
Class U Shares
   $ 26      $ 81      $ 138      $ 294  
The example above should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. In addition to the fees and expenses described above, you may also be required to pay brokerage commissions or other transaction fees on the purchase of Shares, which are not reflected in the example.
 
39

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance. The information for the fiscal years ended July 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, the fiscal period ended July 31, 2022, and the fiscal years ended April 30, 2022, April 30, 2021 and April 30, 2020 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP is included in the Fund’s July 31, 2024 Annual Report, and is incorporated by reference into the SAI. The information reflects results of the Fund when it was operating as a listed closed‑end fund, not as an interval fund. The Fund’s financial statements are included in the Fund’s Annual Report and are incorporated by reference into the SAI.
For a share outstanding throughout the period:
 
    
Year
Ended
07/31/24
   
Year
Ended
07/31/23
   
Period from
05/01/22
to 07/31/22
   
Year
Ended
04/30/22
   
Year
Ended
04/30/21
    
Year
Ended
04/30/20
 
 
Net asset value, beginning of period
   $ 13.23     $ 13.64     $ 13.45     $ 16.11     $ 14.62      $ 15.40  
Net investment income(a)
     0.44       0.46       0.14       0.56       0.64        0.56  
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)
     0.10       (0.40     0.21       (2.57     1.48        (0.81
Net increase (decrease) from investment operations
     0.54       0.06       0.35       (2.01     2.12        (0.25
Distributions to Common Shareholders(b)
             
From net investment income
     (0.49     (0.45     (0.16     (0.65     (0.63      (0.53
Return of capital
     (0.09     (0.02                         
Total distributions to Common Shareholders
     (0.58     (0.47     (0.16     (0.65     (0.63      (0.53
Net asset value, end of period
   $ 13.19     $ 13.23     $ 13.64     $ 13.45     $ 16.11      $ 14.62  
Market price, end of period
   $ 12.35     $ 11.47     $ 12.44     $ 12.26     $ 15.09      $ 13.13  
Total Return Applicable to Common Shareholders(c)
             
Based on net asset value
     4.76     1.05     2.73 %(d)      (12.79 )%      15.08      (1.41 )% 
Based on market price
     13.13     (3.95 )%      2.79 %(d)      (15.13 )%      20.02      (1.56 )% 
Ratios to Average Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders(e)
             
Total expenses
     3.97 %(f)      3.46 %(g)      2.25 %(h)(i)      1.67 %(j)      1.58      2.31
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed
     3.94 %(f)      3.45 %(g)      2.25 %(h)(i)      1.67 %(j)      1.58      2.31
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and excluding interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs(k)(l)
     1.07 %(f)      1.03 %(g)      1.07 %(h)(i)      1.02 %(j)      0.98      0.97
Net investment income to Common Shareholders
     3.40     3.54     4.06 %(i)      3.63     4.05      3.59
Supplemental Data
             
Net assets applicable to Common Shareholders, end of period (000)
   $ 949,458     $ 963,901     $ 1,007,256     $ 993,657     $ 617,032      $ 559,934  
VRDP Shares outstanding at $100,000 liquidation value, end of period (000)
   $ 561,700     $ 561,700     $ 561,700     $ 561,700     $      $  
Asset coverage per VRDP Shares at $100,000 liquidation value, end of period
   $ 254,839 (m)    $ 249,597 (m)    $ 237,229 (m)    $ 276,902 (n)    $      $  
VMTP Shares outstanding at $100,000 liquidation value, end of period (000)
   $     $     $     $     $ 287,100      $ 287,100  
Asset coverage per VMTP Shares at $100,000 liquidation value, end of period
   $     $     $     $     $ 314,919 (n)     $ 295,031 (n) 
TOB Trust Certificates, end of period (000)
   $ 51,490     $ 82,631     $ 172,298     $ 180,858     $ 93,069      $ 92,014  
Asset coverage per $1,000 of TOB Trust Certificates, end of period(o)
   $ 30,343     $ 19,459     $ 10,104       N/A       N/A        N/A  
Portfolio turnover rate
     40     47     14     25     13      20
 
40

(a) 
Based on average Common Shares outstanding.
 
(b) 
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
 
(c) 
Total returns based on market price, which can be significantly greater or less than the net asset value, may result in substantially different returns. Where applicable, excludes the effects of any sales charges and assumes the reinvestment of distributions at actual reinvestment prices.
 
(d) 
Not annualized.
 
(e) 
Excludes fees and expenses incurred indirectly as a result of investments in underlying funds.
 
(f) 
Includes non‑recurring expenses of reorganization and proxy costs. Without these costs, total expenses, total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and excluding interest expense, fees, and amortization of offering costs would have been 3.88%, 3.85% and 0.98%, respectively.
 
(g) 
Includes non‑recurring expenses of proxy costs. Without these costs, total expenses, total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and excluding interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs, would have been 3.43%, 3.42% and 1.00%, respectively.
 
(h) 
Audit and printing costs were not annualized in the calculation of the expense ratios. If these expenses were annualized, the total expenses, total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and excluding interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs would have been 2.27%, 2.27% and 1.08%, respectively.
 
(i) 
Annualized.
 
(j) 
Includes non‑recurring expenses of reorganization costs. Without these costs, total expenses, total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and excluding interest expense, fees, and amortization of offering costs, would have been 1.62%, 1.61% and 0.96%, respectively
 
(k) 
Interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs related to TOB Trusts and/or VRDP Shares. See Note 4 and Note 10 of the Notes to Financial Statements for details.
 
(l) 
The total expense ratio after fees waived and/or reimbursed and excluding interest expense, fees, amortization of offering costs, liquidity and remarketing fees as follows:
 
             
      Year
Ended
07/31/24
     Year
Ended
07/31/23
     Period from
05/01/22
to 07/31/22
     Year
Ended
04/30/22
     Year
Ended
04/30/21
     Year
Ended
04/30/20
 
Expense ratios
     1.06%        1.02%        1.07%        1.02%        0.98%        0.97%  
 
(m) 
Calculated by subtracting the Fund’s total liabilities (not including VRDP Shares and TOBs) from the Fund’s total assets and dividing this by the sum of the amount of TOBs and liquidation value of the VRDP Shares, and by multiplying the results by 100,000.
 
(n) 
Calculated by subtracting the Fund’s total liabilities (not including VRDP/VMTP Shares) from the Fund’s total assets and dividing this by the liquidation value of the VRDP/VMTP Shares, and by multiplying the results by 100,000.
 
(o) 
Effective July 18, 2022, TOB Trust Certificates are treated as senior securities pursuant to Rule 18f‑4 of the 1940 Act. Calculated by subtracting the Fund’s total liabilities (not including VRDP Shares and TOBs) from the Fund’s total assets and dividing this by the amount of TOBs, and by multiplying the results by 1,000.
 
41

     MUI  
     Year Ended April 30,  
     2019     2018     2017     2016     2015  
Net asset value, beginning of year
   $ 14.93     $ 15.17     $ 16.16     $ 15.86     $ 15.64  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net investment income(a)
     0.56       0.59       0.65       0.73       0.77  
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)
     0.47       (0.23     (0.83     0.53       0.27  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net increase (decrease) from investment operations
     1.03       0.36       (0.18     1.26       1.04  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Distributions to Common Shareholders(b)
 
From net investment income
     (0.53     (0.60     (0.67     (0.78     (0.82
From net realized gain
     (0.03     (0.00 )(c)     (0.14     (0.18      
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total distributions to Common Shareholders
     (0.56     (0.60     (0.81     (0.96     (0.82
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net asset value, end of year
   $ 15.40     $ 14.93     $ 15.17     $ 16.16     $ 15.86  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Market price, end of year
   $ 13.85     $ 13.01     $ 13.96     $ 15.19     $ 14.47  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total Return Applicable to Common Shareholders(d)
 
Based on net asset value
     7.68     2.76     (0.69 )%      9.04     7.27
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Based on market price
     11.13     (2.69 )%      (2.77 )%      12.27     5.20
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ratios to Average Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders
 
Total expenses
     2.63     2.17     1.90     1.57     1.52
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and paid indirectly
     2.63     2.17     1.89     1.57     1.52
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total expenses after fees waived and/or reimbursed and paid indirectly and excluding interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs(e)
     1.01     0.97     0.96     0.94     0.96
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net investment income to Common Shareholders
     3.73     3.87     4.12     4.61     4.82
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Supplemental Data
 
Net assets applicable to Common Shareholders, end of year (000)
   $ 589,887     $ 571,769     $ 580,945     $ 618,971     $ 607,440  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
VMTP Shares outstanding at $100,000 liquidation value, end of year (000)
   $ 287,100     $ 287,100     $ 287,100     $ 287,100     $ 287,100  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Asset coverage per VMTP Shares at $100,000 liquidation value, end of year
   $ 305,464     $ 299,153     $ 302,349     $ 315,594     $ 311,578  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Borrowings outstanding, end of year (000)
   $ 93,421     $ 79,136     $ 58,337     $ 63,102     $ 52,932  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Portfolio turnover rate
     24     34     12     20     18
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
(a) 
Based on average Common Shares outstanding.
 
(b) 
Distributions for annual periods determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations.
 
(c) 
Amount is greater than $(0.005) per share.
 
(d) 
Total returns based on market price, which can be significantly greater or less than the net asset value, may result in substantially different returns. Where applicable, excludes the effects of any sales charges and assumes the reinvestment of distributions at actual reinvestment prices.
 
(e) 
Interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs related to TOB Trusts and/or VMTP Shares. See Note 4 and Note 10 of the Notes to Financial Statements for details.
 
42

THE FUND
The Fund is a diversified, closed‑end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act. The Fund was formed as a Maryland corporation governed by the laws of the State of Maryland on May 15, 2003, and commenced operations on August 1, 2003. On October 1, 2021, the Fund changed its name from “BlackRock Muni Duration Fund, Inc.” to “BlackRock Municipal Income Fund, Inc.” Effective March 24, 2025, the Fund changed its name from “BlackRock Municipal Income Fund, Inc.” to “BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc.” in connection with the Conversion. The Fund’s principal office is located at 100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, and its telephone number is (800) 882‑0052.
BlackRock Advisors, LLC, the Advisor, is responsible for the management of the Fund’s portfolio and provides the necessary personnel, facilities, equipment and certain other services necessary to the operation of the Fund.
The Advisor, located at 100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, is a wholly owned subsidiary of BlackRock.
The Conversion
Effective March 24, 2025, the Fund converted from a registered closed‑end management investment company listed on the NYSE to an unlisted, continuously offered interval fund (previously defined as the “Conversion”). The Conversion was implemented following Board and shareholder approval of the adoption of a fundamental policy to make periodic offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding shares at NAV pursuant to Rule 23c‑3 under the Investment Company Act, as well as other changes to the Fund related to the Conversion.
Prior to the effective date of the Conversion, the Fund conducted a cash tender offer to repurchase 50% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares at a price per share equal to 98% of the Fund’s NAV per Share determined following the expiration of the tender offer (the “Tender Offer”). In addition, the Fund delisted from the NYSE and also took other actions in anticipation of the Conversion, including the redemption of the Fund’s outstanding Variable Rate Demand Preferred Shares (“VRDP Shares”), prior to the Conversion.
The Fund’s Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Conversion were redesignated as Institutional Shares effective upon the Conversion. See “Plan of Distribution—Shares.”
Standstill Agreement and Tender Offer
On May 3, 2024, the Fund and the Advisor entered into a standstill agreement (the “Standstill Agreement”) with Karpus Management, Inc. (“Karpus”), pursuant to which the Fund agreed to commence the Tender Offer. Under the terms of the Standstill Agreement, the Tender Offer was contingent upon the Fund obtaining all necessary approvals for the Conversion by December 31, 2024. During the effective period of the Standstill Agreement, Karpus, the Fund and the Advisor agreed to be bound by the terms of the Standstill Agreement, which include an agreement by Karpus to (1) abide by certain standstill covenants (2) withdraw the shareholder proposals and director nominees previously submitted for consideration at the Fund’s 2024 annual meeting of shareholders, and (3) vote its Shares on all proposals submitted to shareholders in accordance with the recommendation of the Board. The Agreement will remain in effect until the earlier of (A) May 3, 2027, (B) 10 days prior to the record date for the Fund’s 2027 annual meeting of shareholders, and (C) if the Fund had not commenced the Tender Offer within 15 business days of the date that all necessary approvals for the Conversion are obtained (the “Approval Date”) to the extent required to be commenced pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the date that was 16 business days after the Approval Date, unless the Agreement is terminated earlier by the parties.
 
43

USE OF PROCEEDS
The Fund invests the net proceeds of the continuous offering of Shares on an ongoing basis in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies as stated below. It is currently anticipated that the Fund will be able to invest all or substantially all of the net proceeds and realign its portfolio holdings as of the date of the Conversion in accordance with its investment objective and policies within approximately six months after receipt of the proceeds or the date of the Conversion, as applicable, depending on the amount and timing of the proceeds available to the Fund as well as the availability of appropriate investments consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies (for example, while the Advisor anticipates allocating a majority of its assets to Municipal Bonds (as defined below), there may be limited availability of such investments during the six-month period after receipt of proceeds). Pending such investment, it is anticipated that the proceeds of the continuous offering of Shares will be invested in short-term, tax‑exempt securities. The Fund may be prevented from achieving its investment objective during any time in which the Fund’s assets are not substantially invested in accordance with its policies.
 
44

THE FUND’S INVESTMENTS
Investment Objective and Policies
Investment Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to provide attractive after‑tax total return, through income and capital appreciation. The Fund’s investment objective is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the vote, at a meeting of shareholders, (1) of 67% or more of the voting securities present at the meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (2) of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, whichever is less.
There can be no assurances that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved or that the Fund’s investment program will be successful. The Fund is not intended as, and you should not construe it to be, a complete investment program. The Fund is not intended for investors who will need ready access to the amounts invested in the Fund. An investment in the Fund should be considered illiquid. Investors should consider their investment goals, time horizons and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund.
Investment Policies. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in municipal securities and other investments, the income of which is exempt from federal income taxes (except that the interest may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax) (“Municipal Bonds”). The Fund’s investments in derivatives will be counted toward the Fund’s 80% policy to the extent that they provide investment exposure to the securities included within that policy or to one or more market risk factors associated with such securities. The Fund’s policy of investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Municipal Bonds is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined above) of the Fund.
The Fund may invest in certain tax‑exempt securities classified as “private activity bonds” (or industrial development bonds under pre‑1986 law) (in general, bonds that benefit non‑governmental entities) that may subject certain investors in the Fund to an alternative minimum tax. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets invested in PABs will vary from time to time. The Fund has not established any limit on the percentage of its portfolio that may be invested in PABs. The Fund expects that a portion of the interest or income it produces will be includable in alternative minimum taxable income.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 75% of its assets in municipal bonds that are rated in the medium to lower categories by nationally recognized rating services (for example, Baa or lower by Moody’s or BBB or lower by S&P or Fitch, or non‑rated securities which are of comparable quality in the opinion of the Advisor.
The Fund may invest without limit in Municipal Bonds that are rated below Baa by Moody’s or below BBB by S&P or Fitch or, if unrated, are considered by the Advisor to possess similar credit characteristics. Such securities, sometimes referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds, are predominantly speculative with respect to the capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the security and generally involve a greater volatility of price than securities in higher rating categories. The Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds that are in default or which the Advisor believes will soon be in default. Below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities involve substantial risk of loss, are considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s ability to pay interest and any required redemption or principal payments and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments.
The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in tax‑exempt securities of issuers in the industries comprising the same economic sector, such as hospitals or life care facilities and transportation-related issuers. However, the Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in any one of the industries comprising an
 
45

economic sector. In addition, a substantial part of the Fund’s portfolio may be comprised of securities credit enhanced by banks, insurance companies or companies with similar characteristics. Emphasis on these sectors may subject the Fund to certain risks.
The value of bonds and other fixed-income obligations may fall when interest rates rise and rise when interest rates fall. In general, bonds and other fixed-income obligations with longer maturities will be subject to greater volatility resulting from interest rate fluctuations than will similar obligations with shorter maturities. “Duration” measures the sensitivity of a security’s price to changes in interest rates. Unlike final maturity, duration takes account of all payments made over the life of the security. Typically, with a 1% change in interest rates, an investment’s value may be expected to move in the opposite direction approximately 1% for each year of its duration. The greater a portfolio’s duration, the greater the change in the portfolio’s value in response to changes in interest rates. The Advisor increases or reduces the Fund’s portfolio duration based on its interest rate outlook. When the Advisor expects interest rates to fall, it attempts to maintain a longer portfolio duration. When the Advisor expects interest rates to increase, it attempts to shorten the portfolio’s duration. Generally, as is the case with any investment grade fixed-income obligations, Municipal Bonds with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields. Under normal market conditions, however, such yield‑to‑maturity increases tend to decline in the longer maturities (i.e., the slope of the yield curve flattens). At the same time, due to their longer exposure to interest rate risk, prices of longer term obligations are subject to greater market fluctuations as a result of changes in interest rates.
For temporary periods or to provide liquidity, the Fund has the authority to invest as much as 20% of its total assets in tax‑exempt and taxable money market obligations with a maturity of one year or less (such short-term obligations being referred to herein as “Temporary Investments”). In addition, the Fund reserves the right as a defensive measure to invest temporarily a greater portion of its assets in Temporary Investments, when, in the opinion of the Advisor, prevailing market or financial conditions warrant. Taxable money market obligations will yield taxable income.
The Fund also may invest in VRDOs and VRDOs in the form of participation interests (“Participating VRDOs”) in variable rate tax‑exempt obligations held by a financial institution. The Fund’s hedging strategies are not fundamental policies and may be modified by Board without the approval of the Fund’s stockholders. The Fund is also authorized to invest in indexed and inverse floating obligations for hedging purposes and to seek to enhance return.
Certain Municipal Bonds may be entitled to the benefits of letters of credit or similar credit enhancements issued by financial institutions. In such instances, the Board and the Advisor will take into account, in assessing the quality of such bonds, both the creditworthiness of the issuer of such bonds and the creditworthiness of the financial institution that provides the credit enhancement.
The Fund may also invest in privately placed or restricted securities (including in Rule 144A securities, which are privately placed securities purchased by qualified institutional buyers), illiquid investments and investments in which no secondary market is readily available, including those of private companies.
The Fund may invest in Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities. Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities could include trust certificates, partnership interests or other instruments evidencing interest in one or more long-term Municipal Bonds. Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities also may include securities issued by other investment companies that invest in Municipal Bonds, to the extent such investments are permitted by the Fund’s investment restrictions and applicable law. Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities are subject to the same risks associated with an investment in Municipal Bonds as well as many of the risks associated with investments in derivatives. While the Fund receives opinions of legal counsel to the effect that the income from the Non‑Municipal Tax‑exempt Securities in which the Fund invests is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes to the same extent as the underlying Municipal Bonds, the IRS has not issued a ruling on this subject. Were the IRS to issue an adverse ruling or take an adverse position with respect to the taxation of these types of securities, there is a risk that the interest paid on such securities would be deemed taxable at the federal level.
 
46

The Fund ordinarily does not intend to realize significant investment income not exempt from federal income tax. From time to time, the Fund may realize taxable capital gains. Interest received on certain otherwise tax‑exempt securities that are classified as “private activity bonds” (in general, bonds that benefit non‑governmental entities) may be subject to a federal alternative minimum tax. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets invested in “private activity bonds” will vary from time to time. Federal tax legislation has limited the types and volume of bonds the interest on which qualifies for a federal income tax‑exemption. As a result, this legislation and legislation that may be enacted in the future may affect the availability of Municipal Bonds for investment by the Fund.
Unless otherwise stated herein or in the SAI, the Fund’s investment policies are non‑fundamental policies and may be changed by the Board without prior shareholder approval. Unless otherwise expressly stated in this prospectus or the SAI, or otherwise required by applicable law, all percentage and ratings or credit quality limitations stated in this prospectus apply only at the time of investment and subsequent changes in percentage (including changes resulting from the Fund having a smaller base of assets after a repurchase offer), value, ratings downgrades, liquidity profile or changes in credit quality will not result in the Fund being required to dispose of any portfolio security.
Description of Municipal Bonds
Set forth below is a detailed description of the Municipal Bonds in which the Fund invests. Information with respect to ratings assigned to tax‑exempt obligations that the Fund may purchase is set forth in “Appendix A—Description of Bond Ratings” in the SAI. Obligations are included within the term “Municipal Bonds” if the interest paid thereon is excluded from gross income for federal income tax purposes in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer.
Municipal Bonds include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. In addition, certain types of PABs are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including among other things, airports, public ports, mass commuting facilities, multi-family housing projects, as well as facilities for water supply, gas, electricity, sewage or solid waste disposal and other specialized facilities. Other types of PABs, the proceeds of which are used for the construction, equipment or improvement of privately operated industrial or commercial facilities, may constitute Municipal Bonds. The interest on Municipal Bonds may bear a fixed rate or be payable at a variable or floating rate. The two principal classifications of Municipal Bonds are “general obligation” bonds and “revenue” bonds, which latter category includes PABs and, for bonds issued on or before August 15, 1986, industrial development bonds. Municipal Bonds typically are issued to finance public projects, such as roads or public buildings, to pay general operating expenses or to refinance outstanding debt. Municipal Bonds may also be issued for private activities, such as housing, medical and educational facility construction, or for privately owned industrial development and pollution control projects. General obligation bonds are backed by the full faith and credit, or taxing authority, of the issuer and may be repaid from any revenue source. Revenue bonds may be repaid only from the revenues of a specific facility or source. Municipal Bonds may be issued on a long-term basis to provide permanent financing. The repayment of such debt may be secured generally by a pledge of the full faith and credit taxing power of the issuer, a limited or special tax, or any other revenue source, including project revenues, which may include tolls, fees and other user charges, lease payments and mortgage payments. Municipal Bonds may also be issued to finance projects on a short-term interim basis, anticipating repayment with the proceeds of the later issuance of long-term debt.
The Municipal Bonds in which the Fund invests pay interest or income that, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, is exempt from regular Federal income tax. The Advisor does not conduct its own analysis of the tax status of the interest or income paid by Municipal Bonds held by the Fund, but will rely on the opinion of counsel to the issuer of each such instrument. The Fund may also invest in Municipal Bonds issued by United States Territories (such as Puerto Rico or Guam) that are exempt from regular Federal income tax. In addition to the types of Municipal Bonds described in this prospectus, the Fund may invest in other securities that pay interest or
 
47

income that is, or make other distributions that are, exempt from regular Federal income tax and/or state and local personal taxes, regardless of the technical structure of the issuer of the instrument. The Fund treats all of such tax‑exempt securities as Municipal Bonds.
The yields on Municipal Bonds are dependent on a variety of factors, including prevailing interest rates and the condition of the general money market and the municipal security market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. The market value of Municipal Bonds will vary with changes in interest rate levels and as a result of changing evaluations of the ability of bond issuers to meet interest and principal payments.
The Fund has not established any limit on the percentage of its portfolio that may be invested in PABs. The Fund may not be a suitable investment for investors who are already subject to the federal alternative minimum tax or who would become subject to the federal alternative minimum tax as a result of an investment in the Fund’s Shares.
General Obligation Bonds. General obligation bonds are typically secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit and taxing power for the repayment of principal and the payment of interest. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited, however, by provisions of its state constitution or laws, and an entity’s creditworthiness will depend on many factors, including potential erosion of its tax base due to population declines, natural disasters, declines in the state’s industrial base or inability to attract new industries, economic limits on the ability to tax without eroding the tax base, state legislative proposals or voter initiatives to limit ad valorem real property taxes and the extent to which the entity relies on federal or state aid, access to capital markets or other factors beyond the state’s or entity’s control. Accordingly, the capacity of the issuer of a general obligation bond as to the timely payment of interest and the repayment of principal when due is affected by the issuer’s maintenance of its tax base.
Revenue Bonds. Revenue or special obligation bonds are typically payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue sources such as payments from the user of the facility being financed. Accordingly, the timely payment of interest and the repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of the revenue or special obligation bond is a function of the economic viability of such facility or such revenue source. Revenue bonds issued by state or local agencies to finance the development of low‑income, multi-family housing involve special risks in addition to those associated with Municipal Bonds generally, including that the underlying properties may not generate sufficient income to pay expenses and interest costs. Such bonds are generally non‑recourse against the property owner, may be junior to the rights of others with an interest in the properties, may pay interest that changes based in part on the financial performance of the property, may be prepayable without penalty and may be used to finance the construction of housing developments which, until completed and rented, do not generate income to pay interest. Increases in interest rates payable on senior obligations may make it more difficult for issuers to meet payment obligations on subordinated bonds.
Municipal Notes. Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, repayment on the note may be delayed or the note may not be fully repaid, and the Fund may lose money.
Municipal Commercial Paper. Municipal commercial paper is generally unsecured and issued to meet short-term financing needs. The lack of security presents some risk of loss to the Fund since, in the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, unsecured creditors are repaid only after the secured creditors out of the assets, if any, that remain.
Moral Obligation Bonds. Municipal Bonds may also include “moral obligation” bonds, which are normally issued by special purpose public authorities. If an issuer of moral obligation bonds is unable to meet its obligations, the repayment of such bonds becomes a moral commitment but not a legal obligation of the state or municipality in question.
 
48

Municipal Lease Obligations. Also included within the general category of Municipal Bonds are certificates of participation (“COPs”) issued by government authorities or entities to finance the acquisition or construction of equipment, land and/or facilities. COPs represent participations in a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional sales contract (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) relating to such equipment, land or facilities. Municipal leases, like other municipal debt obligations, are subject to the risk of non‑payment. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which the issuer’s unlimited taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation is frequently backed by the issuer’s covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain “non‑appropriation” clauses which provide that the issuer has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. Although “non‑appropriation” lease obligations are secured by the leased property, disposition of the property in the event of foreclosure might prove difficult and the value of the property may be insufficient to pay lease obligations. Certain investments in lease obligations may be illiquid.
Zero-Coupon Bonds. Municipal Bonds may include zero‑coupon bonds. Zero-coupon bonds are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and do not pay interest during the life of the security. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the security will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Upon maturity, the holder of a zero‑coupon bond is entitled to receive the par value of the security.
While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received income (“phantom income”) annually, notwithstanding that cash may not be received currently. The effect of owning instruments that do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield is earned not only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the obligations. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at a fixed rate eliminates the risk of being unable to invest distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero‑coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holder’s ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. For this reason, some of these securities may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest rates than are comparable securities that pay interest currently. Longer term zero‑coupon bonds are more exposed to interest rate risk than shorter term zero‑coupon bonds. These investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of cash.
The Fund accrues income with respect to these securities for U.S. federal income tax and accounting purposes prior to the receipt of cash payments. Zero-coupon bonds may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and less liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities that pay cash interest at regular intervals.
Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under the federal tax laws, the Fund is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently, may have to dispose of other, more liquid portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances or may have to leverage itself by borrowing in order to generate the cash to satisfy these distributions. The required distributions may result in an increase in the Fund’s exposure to zero‑coupon bonds.
In addition to the above-described risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero‑coupon bonds. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, the Fund’s investment exposure to these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are held in the Fund’s portfolio.
Pre‑Refunded Municipal Bonds. The principal of, and interest on, pre‑refunded Municipal Bonds are no longer paid from the original revenue source for the securities. Instead, the source of such payments is typically an escrow fund consisting of U.S. Government securities. The assets in the escrow fund are derived from the proceeds of refunding bonds issued by the same issuer as the pre‑refunded Municipal Bonds. Issuers of Municipal Bonds use this advance refunding technique to obtain more favorable terms with respect to securities
 
49

that are not yet subject to call or redemption by the issuer. For example, advance refunding enables an issuer to refinance debt at lower market interest rates, restructure debt to improve cash flow or eliminate restrictive covenants in the indenture or other governing instrument for the pre‑refunded Municipal Bonds.
However, except for a change in the revenue source from which principal and interest payments are made, the pre‑refunded Municipal Bonds remain outstanding on their original terms until they mature or are redeemed by the issuer.
PABs. The Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds classified as PABs. Interest received on certain PABs is treated as an item of “tax preference” for purposes of the federal alternative minimum tax and may impact the overall tax liability of certain investors in the Fund. PABs, formerly referred to as industrial development bonds, are issued by, or on behalf of, states, municipalities or public authorities to obtain funds to provide privately operated housing facilities, airport, mass transit or port facilities, sewage disposal, solid waste disposal or hazardous waste treatment or disposal facilities and certain local facilities for water supply, gas or electricity. Other types of PABs, the proceeds of which are used for the construction, equipment, repair or improvement of privately operated industrial or commercial facilities, may constitute Municipal Bonds, although the federal tax laws may place substantial limitations on the size of such issues. Such bonds are secured primarily by revenues derived from loan repayments or lease payments due from the entity which may or may not be guaranteed by a parent company or otherwise secured. PABs generally are not secured by a pledge of the taxing power of the issuer of such bonds. Therefore, an investor should be aware that repayment of such bonds generally depends on the revenues of a private entity and be aware of the risks that such an investment may entail. The continued ability of an entity to generate sufficient revenues for the payment of principal and interest on such bonds will be affected by many factors including the size of the entity, capital structure, demand for its products or services, competition, general economic conditions, government regulation and the entity’s dependence on revenues for the operation of the particular facility being financed.
The ability of issuers of municipal leases to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non‑payment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund, and could result in a reduction in the value of the municipal lease experiencing non‑payment and a potential decrease in the NAV of the Fund. Issuers of municipal lease obligations might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, the Fund could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such municipal leases and the Fund may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuer’s obligations on such securities, which may increase the Fund’s operating expenses and adversely affect the NAV of the Fund. When the lease contains a non‑appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Fund’s ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax‑exempt or may fail to generate qualifying income for purposes of the income tests applicable to regulated investment companies (“RICs”). In addition, the Fund’s intention to qualify as a RIC under the Code may limit the extent to which the Fund may exercise its rights by taking possession of such assets, because as a RIC the Fund is subject to certain limitations on its investments and on the nature of its income.
Special Taxing Districts. Special taxing districts are organized to plan and finance infrastructure developments to induce residential, commercial and industrial growth and redevelopment. The bond financing methods such as tax increment finance, tax assessment, special services district and Mello-Roos bonds (a type of municipal security established by the Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982), are generally payable solely from taxes or other revenues attributable to the specific projects financed by the bonds without recourse to the credit or taxing power of related or overlapping municipalities. They often are exposed to real estate development-related risks and can have more taxpayer concentration risk than general tax‑supported bonds, such as general obligation bonds. Further, the fees, special taxes, or tax allocations and other revenues that are established to secure such financings are generally limited as to the rate or amount that may be levied or assessed and are not subject to
 
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increase pursuant to rate covenants or municipal or corporate guarantees. The bonds could default if development failed to progress as anticipated or if larger taxpayers failed to pay the assessments, fees and taxes as provided in the financing plans of the districts.
Variable Rate Demand Obligations. Municipal Bonds may include VRDOs, which are tax‑exempt obligations that contain a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula and right of demand on the part of the holder thereof to receive payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest upon a short notice period not to exceed seven days. There is, however, the possibility that because of default or insolvency the demand feature of VRDOs may not be honored. The interest rates are adjustable at intervals (ranging from daily to up to one year) to some prevailing market rate for similar investments, such adjustment formula being calculated to maintain the market value of the VRDOs, at approximately the par value of the VRDOs on the adjustment date. The adjustments typically are based upon SIFMA Municipal Swap Index or some other appropriate interest rate adjustment index. The Fund may invest in all types of tax‑exempt instruments currently outstanding or to be issued in the future which satisfy its short-term maturity and quality standards. VRDOs that contain an unconditional right of demand to receive payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest on a notice period exceeding seven days may be deemed to be illiquid securities.
Indexed and Inverse Floating Rate Securities. The Fund may invest in MUI Municipal Bonds (and Non‑Municipal Tax‑Exempt Securities) that yield a return based on a particular index of value or interest rates. For example, the Fund may invest in MUI Municipal Bonds that pay interest based on an index of MUI Municipal Bond interest rates. The principal amount payable upon maturity of certain MUI Municipal Bonds also may be based on the value of the index. To the extent the Fund invests in these types of MUI Municipal Bonds, the Fund’s return on such MUI Municipal Bonds will be subject to risk with respect to the value of the particular index. Interest and principal payable on the MUI Municipal Bonds may also be based on relative changes among particular indices. Also, the Fund may invest in so‑called “inverse floating rate bonds” or “residual interest bonds” on which the interest rates vary inversely with a short-term floating rate (which may be reset periodically by a Dutch auction, a remarketing agent, or by reference to a short‑term tax‑exempt interest rate index). The Fund may purchase synthetically created inverse floating rate bonds evidenced by custodial or trust receipts. Generally, income on inverse floating rate bonds will decrease when short-term interest rates increase, and will increase when short-term interest rates decrease. Such securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage, since they may increase or decrease in value in response to changes, as an illustration, in market interest rates at a rate which is a multiple (typically two) of the rate at which fixed rate long‑term tax‑exempt securities increase or decrease in response to such changes. As a result, the market values of such securities will generally be more volatile than the market values of fixed rate tax‑exempt securities. To seek to limit the volatility of these securities, the Fund may purchase inverse floating rate bonds with shorter-term maturities or limitations on the extent to which the interest rate may vary. Certain investments in such obligations may be illiquid. See “Leverage—Tender Option Bond Transactions.”
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments. The Fund may purchase or sell securities that it is entitled to receive on a when-issued basis. The Fund may also purchase or sell securities on a delayed delivery basis. The Fund may also purchase or sell securities through a forward commitment. These transactions involve the purchase or sale of securities by the Fund at an established price with payment and delivery taking place in the future. The purchase will be recorded on the date the Fund enters into the commitment and the value of the securities will thereafter be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. The Fund has not established any limit on the percentage of its assets that may be committed in connection with these transactions.
There can be no assurance that a security purchased on a when-issued basis will be issued or that a security purchased or sold through a forward commitment will be delivered. A default by a counterparty may result in the Fund missing the opportunity of obtaining a price considered to be advantageous. The value of securities in these transactions on the delivery date may be more or less than the Fund’s purchase price. The Fund may bear the risk of a decline in the value of the security in these transactions and may not benefit from an appreciation in the value of the security during the commitment period.
 
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If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it has been entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. In these cases the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss.
When the Fund engages in when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of such party to do so may result in the Fund’s incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price considered to be advantageous.
The market value of the securities underlying a commitment to purchase securities, and any subsequent fluctuations in their market value, is taken into account when determining the market value of the Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date.
Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act permits the Fund to enter into when-issued or forward-settling securities (e.g., firm and standby commitments, including to‑be‑announced (“TBA”) commitments, and dollar rolls) and non‑standard settlement cycle securities notwithstanding the limitation on the issuance of senior securities in Section 18 of the Investment Company Act, provided that the Fund intends to physically settle the transaction and the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date (the “Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision”). If a when-issued, forward-settling or non‑standard settlement cycle security does not satisfy the Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision, then it is treated as a derivatives transaction under Rule 18f‑4. See “Additional Risk Factors—Risk Factors in Strategic Transactions and Derivatives—Rule 18f‑4 Under the Investment Company Act” in the SAI.
Yields. Yields on Municipal Bonds are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general condition of the money market and of the municipal security market, the size of a particular offering, the financial condition of the issuer, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. The ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of the securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal when due. There are variations in the risks involved in holding Municipal Bonds, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on numerous factors. Furthermore, the rights of owners of Municipal Bonds and the obligations of the issuer of such Municipal Bonds may be subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws and court decisions affecting the rights of creditors generally and to general equitable principles, which may limit the enforcement of certain remedies.
Call Rights. The Fund may purchase a Municipal Bond issuer’s right to call all or a portion of such Municipal Bond for mandatory tender for purchase (a “Call Right”). A holder of a Call Right may exercise such right to require a mandatory tender for the purchase of related Municipal Bonds, subject to certain conditions. A Call Right that is not exercised prior to maturity of the related Municipal Bond will expire without value. The economic effect of holding both the Call Right and the related Municipal Bond is identical to holding a Municipal Bond as a non‑callable security. Certain investments in such obligations may be illiquid.
“High Yield” or “Junk” Bonds. The Fund may invest without limit in Municipal Bonds that are rated, at the time of investment, below investment grade quality (rated Ba/BB or below by Moody’s, S&P or Fitch) or securities that are unrated but judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor. Such securities, sometimes referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds, are predominantly speculative with respect to the capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the security, generally involve a greater volatility of price than securities in higher rating categories and substantial risk of loss, and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments.
Equity Securities
The Fund may invest in equity securities, including common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, warrants, depositary receipts, ETFs, equity interests in real estate investment trusts and master limited partnerships. Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in a company. The Fund may hold or have
 
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exposure to common stocks of issuers of any size, including small and medium capitalization stocks. Because the Fund may have exposure to common stocks, historical trends would indicate that the Fund’s portfolio and investment returns will be subject at times, and over time, to higher levels of volatility and market and issuer-specific risk than if it invested exclusively in debt securities.
Convertible Securities
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or other equity security of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure but are usually subordinate to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument.
A “synthetic” convertible security may be created by the Fund or by a third party by combining separate securities that possess the two principal characteristics of a traditional convertible security: an income producing component and a convertible component. The income-producing component is achieved by investing in non‑convertible, income-producing securities such as bonds, preferred stocks and money market instruments. The convertible component is achieved by investing in securities or instruments such as warrants or options to buy common stock at a certain exercise price, or options on a stock index. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security having a single market value, a synthetic convertible comprises two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Because the “market value” of a synthetic convertible security is the sum of the values of its income-producing component and its convertible component, the value of a synthetic convertible security may respond differently to market fluctuations than a traditional convertible security. The Fund also may purchase synthetic convertible securities created by other parties, including convertible structured notes. Convertible structured notes are income-producing debentures linked to equity. Convertible structured notes have the attributes of a convertible security; however, the issuer of the convertible note (typically an investment bank), rather than the issuer of the underlying common stock into which the note is convertible, assumes credit risk associated with the underlying investment and the Fund in turn assumes credit risk associated with the issuer of the convertible note.
Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of other investment companies, including open- or closed‑end investment companies that invest primarily in municipal securities of the types in which the Fund may invest directly. The Fund generally expects to invest in other investment companies either during periods when it has large amounts of uninvested cash, or during periods when there is a shortage of attractive, high-yielding municipal securities available in the market. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund will bear its ratable share of that investment company’s expenses, and will remain subject to payment of the Fund’s advisory and other fees and expenses with respect to assets so invested. Holders of Shares will therefore be subject to duplicative expenses to the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies. The Advisor will take expenses into account when evaluating the investment merits of an investment in an investment company relative to available municipal securities investments. In addition, the securities of other investment companies may also be leveraged and will therefore be subject to the same leverage risks to which the Fund is subject. As described in this prospectus in the sections entitled “Risks” and “Leverage,” the net asset value of leveraged shares will be more volatile and the yield to shareholders will tend to fluctuate more than the yield generated by
 
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unleveraged shares. Investment companies may have investment policies that differ from those of the Fund. In addition, to the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies, the Fund will be dependent upon the investment and research abilities of persons other than the Advisor. The Fund treats its investments in such open- or closed‑end investment companies as investments in municipal securities.
Tax‑Exempt Preferred Securities
The Fund may also invest up to 10% of its total assets in preferred interests of other investment funds that pay dividends that are exempt from regular federal income tax. A portion of such dividends may be capital gain distributions subject to federal capital gains tax. Such funds, in turn, invest in municipal securities and other assets that generally pay interest or make distributions that are exempt from regular federal income tax, such as revenue bonds issued by state or local agencies to fund the development of low‑income, multi‑family housing. Investing in such tax‑exempt preferred shares involves many of the same issues as investing in other open- or closed-end investment companies as discussed above. These investments also have additional risks, including liquidity risk, the absence of regulation governing investment practices, capital structure and leverage, affiliated transactions and other matters, and concentration of investments in particular issuers or industries. The Fund will treat investments in tax‑exempt preferred shares as investments in municipal securities.
Strategic Transactions
The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts, enter into various interest rate transactions and swap contracts (including, but not limited to, credit default swaps) and may purchase and sell exchange-listed and OTC put and call options on securities and swap contracts, financial indices and futures contracts and use other derivative instruments or management techniques (collectively, “Strategic Transactions”). These Strategic Transactions may be used for duration management and other risk management purposes, subject to the Fund’s investment restrictions. While the Fund’s use of Strategic Transactions is intended to reduce the volatility of the NAV of the Fund’s Shares, the NAV of the Fund’s Shares will fluctuate. No assurance can be given that the Fund’s Strategic Transactions will be effective.
There is no particular strategy that requires use of one technique rather than another as the decision to use any particular strategy or instrument is a function of market conditions and the composition of the portfolio. The ability of the Fund to use Strategic Transactions successfully will depend on the Advisor’s ability to predict pertinent market movements as well as sufficient correlation among the instruments, which cannot be assured. Strategic Transactions subject the Fund to the risk that, if the Advisor incorrectly forecasts market values, interest rates or other applicable factors, the Fund’s performance could suffer. Certain of these Strategic Transactions, such as investments in inverse floating rate securities and credit default swaps, may provide investment leverage to the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund is not required to use derivatives or other portfolio strategies to seek to hedge its portfolio and may choose not to do so.
The use of Strategic Transactions may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. Furthermore, the Fund may only engage in Strategic Transactions from time to time and may not necessarily be engaging in hedging activities when movements in interest rates occur.
The Fund’s investment objective and the requirements of Subchapter M of the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company may restrict or affect the ability of the Fund to engage in Strategic Transactions. In addition, the use of certain Strategic Transactions may give rise to taxable income and have certain other consequences, such as subjecting a portion of the Fund’s dividends to regular federal income tax. However, under normal circumstances, the Fund does not intend to use Strategic Transactions that give rise to taxable income.
Financial Futures Transactions and Options. The Fund is authorized to purchase and sell certain exchange traded financial futures contracts (“financial futures contracts”) in order to hedge its investments against declines
 
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in value, and to hedge against increases in the cost of securities it intends to purchase or to seek to enhance the Fund’s return. However, any transactions involving financial futures or options (including puts and calls associated therewith) will be in accordance with the Fund’s investment policies and limitations. A financial futures contract obligates the seller of a contract to deliver and the purchaser of a contract to take delivery of the type of financial instrument covered by the contract, or in the case of index-based futures contracts to make and accept a cash settlement, at a specific future time for a specified price. To hedge its portfolio, the Fund may take an investment position in a futures contract which will move in the opposite direction from the portfolio position being hedged. A sale of financial futures contracts may provide a hedge against a decline in the value of portfolio securities because such depreciation may be offset, in whole or in part, by an increase in the value of the position in the financial futures contracts. A purchase of financial futures contracts may provide a hedge against an increase in the cost of securities intended to be purchased because such appreciation may be offset, in whole or in part, by an increase in the value of the position in the futures contracts.
Distributions, if any, of net long-term capital gains from certain transactions in futures or options are taxable at long-term capital gains rates for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Futures Contracts. A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a security or, in the case of an index-based futures contract, to make and accept a cash settlement for a set price on a future date. A majority of transactions in futures contracts, however, do not result in the actual delivery of the underlying instrument or cash settlement, but are settled through liquidation, i.e., by entering into an offsetting transaction. Futures contracts have been designed by boards of trade which have been designated “contracts markets” by the CFTC.
The purchase or sale of a futures contract differs from the purchase or sale of a security in that no price or premium is paid or received. Instead, an amount of cash or securities acceptable to the broker and the relevant contract market, which varies, but is generally about 5% of the contract amount, must be deposited with the broker. This amount is known as “initial margin” and represents a “good faith” deposit assuring the performance of both the purchaser and seller under the futures contract. Subsequent payments to and from the broker, called “variation margin,” are required to be made on a daily basis as the price of the futures contract fluctuates making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as “marking to the market.” At any time prior to the settlement date of the futures contract, the position may be closed out by taking an opposite position that will operate to terminate the position in the futures contract. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid to or released by the broker and the purchaser realizes a loss or gain. In addition, a nominal commission is paid on each completed sale transaction.
The Fund may also purchase and sell financial futures contracts on U.S. Government securities as a hedge against adverse changes in interest rates as described below. With respect to U.S. Government securities, currently there are financial futures contracts based on long-term U.S. Treasury bonds, U.S. Treasury notes, Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) Certificates and three-month U.S. Treasury bills. The Fund may purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts on U.S. Government securities and purchase and sell municipal security index futures contracts in connection with its hedging strategies.
The Fund also may engage in other futures contracts transactions such as futures contracts on other municipal bond indices that may become available if the Advisor should determine that there is normally a sufficient correlation between the prices of such futures contracts and the municipal securities in which the Fund invests to make such hedging appropriate.
Futures Strategies. The Fund may sell a financial futures contract (i.e., assume a short position) in anticipation of a decline in the value of its investments resulting from an increase in interest rates or otherwise. The risk of decline could be reduced without employing futures as a hedge by selling investments and either reinvesting the proceeds in securities with shorter maturities or by holding assets in cash. This strategy, however, entails increased transaction costs in the form of dealer spreads and typically would reduce the average yield of the Fund’s portfolio securities as a result of the shortening of maturities. The sale of futures contracts provides an
 
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alternative means of hedging against declines in the value of its investments. As such values decline, the value of the Fund’s positions in the futures contracts will tend to increase, thus offsetting all or a portion of the depreciation in the market value of the Fund’s investments that are being hedged. While the Fund will incur commission expenses in selling and closing out futures positions, commissions on futures transactions are typically lower than transaction costs incurred in the purchase and sale of the Fund’s investments being hedged. In addition, the ability of the Fund to trade in the standardized contracts available in the futures markets may offer a more effective defensive position than a program to reduce the average maturity of the portfolio securities due to the unique and varied credit and technical characteristics of the instruments available to the Fund. Employing futures as a hedge also may permit the Fund to assume a defensive posture without reducing the yield on its investments beyond any amounts required to engage in futures trading.
When the Fund intends to purchase a security, the Fund may purchase futures contracts as a hedge against any increase in the cost of such security resulting from a decrease in interest rates or otherwise, that may occur before such purchase can be effected. Subject to the degree of correlation between such securities and futures contracts, subsequent increases in the cost of such securities should be reflected in the value of the futures held by the Fund. As such purchases are made, an equivalent amount of futures contracts will be closed out. Due to changing market conditions and interest rate forecasts, however, a futures position may be terminated without a corresponding purchase of portfolio securities.
Call Options on Futures Contracts. The Fund may also purchase and sell exchange traded call and put options on financial futures contracts. The purchase of a call option on a futures contract is analogous to the purchase of a call option on an individual security. Depending on the pricing of the option compared to either the futures contract upon which it is based or the price of the underlying securities, it may or may not be less risky than ownership of the futures contract or underlying securities. Like the purchase of a futures contract, the Fund may purchase a call option on a futures contract to hedge against a market advance when the Fund is not fully invested.
The writing of a call option on a futures contract constitutes a partial hedge against declining prices of the securities which are deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If the futures price at expiration is below the exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the option premium, which provides a partial hedge against any decline that may have occurred in the Fund’s portfolio holdings.
Put Options on Futures Contracts. The purchase of a put option on a futures contract is analogous to the purchase of a protective put option on portfolio securities. The Fund may purchase a put option on a futures contract to hedge the Fund’s portfolio against the risk of rising interest rates.
The writing of a put option on a futures contract constitutes a partial hedge against increasing prices of the securities which are deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If the futures price at expiration is higher than the exercise price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the option premium, which provides a partial hedge against any increase in the price of securities which the Fund intends to purchase.
The writer of an option on a futures contract is required to deposit initial and variation margin pursuant to requirements similar to those applicable to futures contracts. Premiums received from the writing of an option will be included in initial margin. The writing of an option on a futures contract involves risks similar to those relating to futures contracts.
The CFTC subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in CFTC-regulated futures, options and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”), or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. To the extent the Fund uses CFTC Derivatives, it intends to do so below such prescribed levels and will not market itself as a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such instruments. Accordingly, the Advisor has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Advisor is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Fund.
 
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Counterparty Credit Standards. To the extent that the Fund engages in principal transactions, including, but not limited to, OTC options, forward currency transactions, swap transactions, repurchase agreements and the purchase and sale of bonds and other fixed-income securities, it must rely on the creditworthiness of its counterparties under such transactions. In certain instances, the credit risk of a counterparty is increased by the lack of a central clearing house for certain transactions, including certain swap contracts. In the event of the insolvency of a counterparty, the Fund may not be able to recover its assets, in full or at all, during the insolvency process. Counterparties to investments may have no obligation to make markets in such investments and may have the ability to apply essentially discretionary margin and credit requirements. Similarly, the Fund will be subject to the risk of bankruptcy of, or the inability or refusal to perform with respect to such investments by, the counterparties with which it deals. The Advisor will seek to minimize the Fund’s exposure to counterparty risk by entering into such transactions with counterparties the Advisor believes to be creditworthy at the time it enters into the transaction. Certain option transactions and Strategic Transactions may require the Fund to provide collateral to secure its performance obligations under a contract, which would also entail counterparty credit risk.
Restricted and Illiquid Investments
The Fund may invest in investments that lack an established secondary trading market or otherwise are considered illiquid. Liquidity of an investment relates to the ability to dispose easily of the investment and the price to be obtained upon disposition of the investment, which may be less than would be obtained for a comparable more liquid investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments. Investment of the Fund’s assets in illiquid investments may restrict the ability of the Fund to dispose of its investments in a timely fashion and for a fair price as well as its ability to take advantage of market opportunities. The risks associated with illiquidity will be particularly acute where the Fund’s operations require cash, such as when the Fund pays dividends, and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet short-term cash requirements or incurring capital losses on the sale of illiquid investments.
The Fund may invest in securities that are not registered under the Securities Act (“restricted securities”). Restricted securities may be sold in private placement transactions between issuers and their purchasers and may be neither listed on an exchange nor traded in other established markets. In many cases, privately placed securities may not be freely transferable under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction or due to contractual restrictions on resale. As a result of the absence of a public trading market, privately placed securities may be less liquid and more difficult to value than publicly traded securities. To the extent that privately placed securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from the sales, due to illiquidity, could be less than those originally paid by the Fund or less than their fair market value. In addition, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that may be applicable if their securities were publicly traded. If any privately placed securities held by the Fund are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. Where registration is required for restricted securities, a considerable time period may elapse between the time the Fund decides to sell the security and the time it is actually permitted to sell the security under an effective registration statement. If during such period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain less favorable pricing terms than when it decided to sell the security. Transactions in restricted securities may entail other transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in unrestricted securities. Certain of the Fund’s investments in private placements may consist of direct investments and may include investments in smaller, less seasoned issuers, which may involve greater risks. These issuers may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group. In making investments in such securities, the Fund may obtain access to material nonpublic information, which may restrict the Fund’s ability to conduct portfolio transactions in such securities.
Securities Lending
The Fund may lend portfolio securities to certain borrowers that the Advisor determines to be creditworthy, including to borrowers affiliated with the Advisor. The borrowers provide collateral that is maintained in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned. No securities loan will be made on
 
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behalf of the Fund if, as a result, the aggregate value of all securities loans of the Fund exceeds one‑third of the value of the Fund’s total assets (including the value of the collateral received). The Fund may terminate a loan at any time and obtain the return of the securities loaned. The Fund receives, by way of substitute payment, the value of any interest or cash or non‑cash distributions paid on the loaned securities that it would have otherwise received if the securities were not on loan. With respect to loans that are collateralized by cash, the borrower may be entitled to receive a fee based on the amount of cash collateral. The Fund is compensated by the difference between the amount earned on the reinvestment of cash collateral and the fee paid to the borrower. In the case of collateral other than cash, the Fund is compensated by a fee paid by the borrower equal to a percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral received by the Fund for such loans, and uninvested cash, may be reinvested in certain short-term instruments either directly on behalf of the Fund or through one or more joint accounts or money market funds, including those affiliated with the Advisor; such investments are subject to investment risk.
The Fund conducts its securities lending pursuant to an exemptive order from the SEC permitting it to lend portfolio securities to borrowers affiliated with the Fund and to retain an affiliate of the Fund as lending agent. To the extent that the Fund engages in securities lending, BlackRock Investment Management, LLC (“BIM”) acts as securities lending agent for the Fund, subject to the overall supervision of the Advisor, pursuant to a written agreement (the “Securities Lending Agency Agreement”). BIM administers the lending program in accordance with guidelines approved by the Board.
To the extent the Fund engages in securities lending, the Fund retains a portion of the securities lending income and remits the remaining portion to BIM as compensation for its services as securities lending agent. Securities lending income is generally equal to the total of income earned from the reinvestment of cash collateral (and excludes collateral investment fees as defined below), and any fees or other payments to and from borrowers of securities. As securities lending agent, BIM bears all operational costs directly related to securities lending. The Fund is responsible for fees in connection with the investment of cash collateral received for securities on loan in a money market fund managed by BlackRock (the “collateral investment fees”); however, the securities lending agent has agreed to reduce the amount of securities lending income it receives in order to effectively limit the collateral investment fees the Fund bears to an annual rate of 0.04%. Such money market fund shares will not be subject to a sales load, redemption fee, distribution fee or service fee. The board of directors of the money market fund, including the majority of the non‑interested directors of the money market fund, or its delegate, is permitted at any time, if it determines it to be in the best interests of the money market fund, to impose a discretionary liquidity fee of up to 2% on all redemptions. Discretionary liquidity fees, if imposed, may be terminated at any time at the discretion of the board of directors of the money market fund, or its delegate, if it is determined to no longer be in the best interest of the fund. The shares of the money market fund purchased by the Fund would be subject to any such discretionary liquidity fee imposed.
Under the securities lending program, the Fund is categorized into one of several specific asset classes. The determination of the Fund’s asset class category (fixed income, domestic equity, international equity, or fund of funds), each of which may be subject to a different fee arrangement, is based on a methodology agreed to by the Fund and BIM.
Pursuant to the current securities lending agreement: (i) if the Fund were to engage in securities lending, the Fund retains 82% of securities lending income (which excludes collateral investment expenses), and (ii) this amount can never be less than 70% of the sum of securities lending income plus collateral investment expenses.
In addition, commencing the business day following the date that the aggregate securities lending income earned across the BlackRock Fixed-Income Complex in a calendar year exceeds a specified threshold, the Fund, pursuant to the current securities lending agreement, will receive for the remainder of that calendar year securities lending income as follows: (i) if the Fund were to engage in securities lending, 85% of securities lending income (which excludes collateral investment expenses); and (ii) this amount can never be less than 70% of the sum of securities lending income plus collateral investment expenses.
 
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Other Investment Policies
The Fund has adopted certain other policies as set forth below.
Temporary Investments
The Fund may invest in short-term tax‑exempt and taxable securities subject to the limitations set forth above. The tax‑exempt money market securities may include municipal notes, municipal commercial paper, municipal securities with a remaining maturity of less than one year, variable rate demand notes and participations therein. Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes and grant anticipation notes. Anticipation notes are sold as interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales, government grants or revenue receipts. Municipal commercial paper refers to short-term unsecured promissory notes generally issued to finance short-term credit needs. The taxable money market securities in which the Fund may invest as Temporary Investments consist of U.S. Government securities, U.S. Government agency securities, domestic bank or savings institution certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, short-term corporate debt securities such as commercial paper and repurchase agreements. These Temporary Investments must have a stated maturity not in excess of one year from the date of purchase. The Fund may not invest in any security issued by a commercial bank or a savings institution unless the bank or institution is organized and operating in the United States, has total assets of at least one billion dollars and is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), except that up to 10% of total assets may be invested in certificates of deposit of smaller institutions if such certificates are fully insured by the FDIC.
Short-term taxable fixed-income investments include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. Government securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest that are either issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. Government securities include securities issued by (a) the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, and the Government National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States; (b) the Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, and the Tennessee Valley Authority, whose securities are supported by the right of the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (c) the Federal National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or instrumentality; and (d) the Student Loan Marketing Association, whose securities are supported only by its credit. While the U.S. Government provides financial support to such U.S. Government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it always will do so since it is not so obligated by law. The U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market value of their securities. Consequently, the value of such securities may fluctuate.
(2) Certificates of deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or a savings and loan association. Such certificates are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. The issuer of a certificate of deposit agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the certificate on the date specified thereon. Certificates of deposit purchased by the Fund may not be fully insured by the FDIC.
(3) Repurchase agreements, which involve purchases of debt securities. At the time the Fund purchases securities pursuant to a repurchase agreement, it simultaneously agrees to resell and redeliver such securities to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to buy back the securities at a fixed price and time. This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its holding period, since the resale price is always greater than the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market rate. Such actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily available cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements only with respect to obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities; certificates of deposit; or bankers’ acceptances in which the Fund may invest. Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to the seller, collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed-upon sum on the
 
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repurchase date; in the event of default, the repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell the underlying collateral. If the value of the collateral declines after the agreement is entered into, and if the seller defaults under a repurchase agreement when the value of the underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the Fund could incur a loss of both principal and interest. The Advisor monitors the value of the collateral at the time the action is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement. The Advisor does so in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price to be paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal bankruptcy proceeding, the ability of the Fund to liquidate the collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
(4) Commercial paper, which consists of short-term unsecured promissory notes, including variable rate master demand notes issued by corporations to finance their current operations. Master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and a corporation. There is no secondary market for such notes. However, they are redeemable by the Fund at any time. The Advisor will consider the financial condition of the corporation (e.g., earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios) and will continuously monitor the corporation’s ability to meet all of its financial obligations, because the Fund’s liquidity might be impaired if the corporation were unable to pay principal and interest on demand. Investments in commercial paper will be limited to commercial paper rated in the highest categories by a major rating agency and which mature within one year of the date of purchase or carry a variable or floating rate of interest.
If the Fund invests in short-term taxable fixed-income investments, a portion of your dividends would be subject to regular federal income tax.
Short-term tax‑exempt fixed-income securities are securities that are exempt from regular federal income tax and mature within three years or less from the date of issuance. Short-term tax‑exempt fixed-income securities include, without limitation, the following:
(1) Bond Anticipation Notes (“BANs”) are usually general obligations of state and local governmental issuers which are sold to obtain interim financing for projects that will eventually be funded through the sale of long-term debt obligations or bonds. The ability of an issuer to meet its obligations on its BANs is primarily dependent on the issuer’s access to the long-term municipal bond market and the likelihood that the proceeds of such bond sales will be used to pay the principal and interest on the BANs.
(2) Tax Anticipation Notes (“TANs”) are issued by state and local governments to finance the current operations of such governments. Repayment is generally to be derived from specific future tax revenues. TANs are usually general obligations of the issuer. A weakness in an issuer’s capacity to raise taxes due to, among other things, a decline in its tax base or a rise in delinquencies could adversely affect the issuer’s ability to meet its obligations on outstanding TANs.
(3) Revenue Anticipation Notes (“RANs”) are issued by governments or governmental bodies with the expectation that future revenues from a designated source will be used to repay the notes. In general, they also constitute general obligations of the issuer. A decline in the receipt of projected revenues, such as anticipated revenues from another level of government, could adversely affect an issuer’s ability to meet its obligations on outstanding RANs. In addition, the possibility that the revenues would, when received, be used to meet other obligations could affect the ability of the issuer to pay the principal and interest on RANs.
(4) Construction Loan Notes are issued to provide construction financing for specific projects. Frequently, these notes are redeemed with funds obtained from the Federal Housing Administration.
(5) Bank Notes are notes issued by local government bodies and agencies to commercial banks as evidence of borrowings. The purposes for which the notes are issued are varied but they are frequently issued to meet short-term working capital or capital-project needs. These notes may have risks similar to the risks associated with TANs and RANs.
 
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(6) Tax‑Exempt Commercial Paper (“municipal paper”) represents very short-term unsecured, negotiable promissory notes, issued by states, municipalities and their agencies. Payment of principal and interest on issues of municipal paper may be made from various sources, to the extent the funds are available therefrom. Maturities on municipal paper generally will be shorter than the maturities of TANs, BANs or RANs. There is a limited secondary market for issues of municipal paper.
Certain municipal bonds may carry variable or floating rates of interest whereby the rate of interest is not fixed but varies with changes in specified market rates or indices, such as a bank prime rate or tax‑exempt money market indices.
While the various types of notes described above as a group represent the major portion of the tax‑exempt note market, other types of notes are available in the marketplace and the Fund may invest in such other types of notes to the extent permitted under its investment objective, policies and limitations. Such notes may be issued for different purposes and may be secured differently from those mentioned above.
Interest Rate Swap Transactions
In order to seek to hedge the value of the Fund against interest rate fluctuations or to seek to increase the Fund’s return, the Fund may enter into interest rate swap transactions such as Municipal Market Data AAA Cash Curve swaps (“MMD Swaps”) or Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association Municipal Swap Index swaps (“SIFMA Swaps”). To the extent that the Fund enters into these transactions, the Fund expects to do so primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio as a duration management technique or to protect against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date. The Fund may enter into these transactions primarily as a hedge or for duration or risk management rather than as a speculative investment. However, the Fund also may invest in MMD Swaps and SIFMA Swaps to seek to enhance return or gain or to increase the Fund’s yield, for example, during periods of steep interest rate yield curves (i.e., wide differences between short-term and long-term interest rates).
The Fund may purchase and sell SIFMA Swaps in the SIFMA swap market. In a SIFMA Swap, the Fund exchanges with another party their respective commitments to pay or receive interest (e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments linked to the SIFMA Municipal Swap Index). Because the underlying index is a tax‑exempt index, SIFMA Swaps may reduce cross-market risks incurred by the Fund and increase the Fund’s ability to hedge effectively. SIFMA Swaps are typically quoted for the entire yield curve, beginning with a seven day floating rate index out to 30 years. The duration of a SIFMA Swap is approximately equal to the duration of a fixed-rate municipal security with the same attributes as the swap (e.g., coupon, maturity, call feature).
The Fund may also purchase and sell MMD Swaps, also known as MMD rate locks. An MMD Swap permits the Fund to lock in a specified municipal interest rate for a portion of its portfolio to preserve a return on a particular investment or a portion of its portfolio as a duration management technique or to protect against any increase in the price of securities to be purchased at a later date. By using an MMD Swap, the Fund can create a synthetic long or short position, allowing the Fund to select the most attractive part of the yield curve. An MMD Swap is a contract between the Fund and an MMD Swap provider pursuant to which the parties agree to make payments to each other on a notional amount, contingent upon whether the Municipal Market Data AAA General Obligation Scale is above or below a specified level on the expiration date of the contract. For example, if the Fund buys an MMD Swap and the Municipal Market Data AAA General Obligation Scale is below the specified level on the expiration date, the counterparty to the contract will make a payment to the Fund equal to the specified level minus the actual level, multiplied by the notional amount of the contract. If the Municipal Market Data AAA General Obligation Scale is above the specified level on the expiration date, the Fund will make a payment to the counterparty equal to the actual level minus the specified level, multiplied by the notional amount of the contract.
In connection with investments in SIFMA and MMD Swaps, there is a risk that municipal yields will move in the opposite direction than anticipated by the Fund, which would cause the Fund to make payments to its counterparty in the transaction that could adversely affect the Fund’s performance.
 
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If there is a default by the other party to an uncleared interest rate swap transaction, generally the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. With respect to interest rate swap transactions cleared through a central clearing counterparty, a clearing organization will be substituted for the counterparty and will guarantee the parties’ performance under the swap agreement. However, there can be no assurances that the clearing organization will satisfy its obligation to the Fund or that the Fund would be able to recover the full amount of assets deposited on its behalf with the clearing organization in the event of the default by the clearing organization or the Fund’s clearing broker. Certain U.S. federal income tax requirements may limit the Fund’s ability to engage in interest rate swaps. Distributions attributable to transactions in interest rate swaps generally will be taxable as ordinary income to shareholders.
Credit Default Swap Agreements
The Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements for hedging purposes or to seek to increase its return. The credit default swap agreement may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund. The protection “buyer” in a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount (the difference between the market value of the reference obligation and its par value), if the swap is cash settled. The Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer generally may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity whose value may have significantly decreased. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six (6) months and three years, provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity whose value may have significantly decreased. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.
Credit default swap agreements involve greater risks than if the Fund had invested in the reference obligation directly since, in addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. The Fund will enter into credit default swap agreements only with counterparties the Advisor believes to be creditworthy at the time they enter into such transactions. A buyer generally also will lose its investment and recover nothing should no credit event occur and the swap is held to its termination date. If a credit event were to occur, the value of any deliverable obligation received by the seller, coupled with the upfront or periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the seller.
VRDOs and Participating VRDOs
VRDOs are tax‑exempt obligations that contain a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula and right of demand on the part of the holder thereof to receive payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest upon a short notice period not to exceed seven (7) days. There is, however, the possibility that because of default or insolvency the demand feature of VRDOs and Participating VRDOs may not be honored. The interest rates are adjustable at intervals (ranging from daily to up to one year) to some prevailing market rate for similar investments, such adjustment formula being calculated to maintain the market value of the VRDOs, at approximately the par value of the VRDOs on the adjustment date. The adjustments typically are based upon the SIFMA Municipal Swap Index or some other appropriate interest rate adjustment index. The Fund may invest in all types of tax‑exempt instruments currently outstanding or to be issued in the future which satisfy its short-term maturity and quality standards.
 
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Participating VRDOs provide the Fund with a specified undivided interest (up to 100%) of the underlying obligation and the right to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest on the Participating VRDOs from the financial institution upon a specified number of days’ notice, not to exceed seven (7) days. In addition, the Participating VRDO is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guaranty of the financial institution. The Fund would have an undivided interest in the underlying obligation and thus participate on the same basis as the financial institution in such obligation except that the financial institution typically retains fees out of the interest paid on the obligation for servicing the obligation, providing the letter of credit and issuing the repurchase commitment. The Fund has been advised by its counsel that the Fund should be entitled to treat the income received on Participating VRDOs as interest from tax‑exempt obligations as long as the Fund does not invest more than 20% of its total assets in such investments and certain other conditions are met. It is contemplated that the Fund will not invest more than 20% of its assets in Participating VRDOs.
The Temporary Investments, VRDOs and Participating VRDOs in which the Fund may invest will be in the following rating categories at the time of purchase: MIG‑1/VMIG‑1 through MIG‑3/VMIG‑3 for notes and VRDOs and Prime‑1 through Prime‑3 for commercial paper (as determined by Moody’s), SP‑1 through SP‑2 for notes and A‑1 through A‑3 for VRDOs and commercial paper (as determined by S&P), or F1 through F3 for notes, VRDOs and commercial paper (as determined by Fitch). Temporary Investments, if not rated, must be of comparable quality in the opinion of the Advisor. In addition, the Fund reserves the right to invest temporarily a greater portion of its assets in Temporary Investments for defensive purposes, when, in the judgment of the Advisor, market conditions warrant.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may invest in securities pursuant to repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements may be entered into only with a member bank of the Federal Reserve System or a primary dealer or an affiliate thereof, in U.S. Government securities. A repurchase agreement is a contractual agreement whereby the seller of securities agrees to repurchase the same security at a specified price on a future date agreed upon by the parties. The agreed-upon repurchase price determines the yield during the Fund’s holding period. Repurchase agreements are considered to be loans collateralized by the underlying security that is the subject of the repurchase contract. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the issuer to pay the agreed-upon repurchase price on the delivery date; however, although the value of the underlying collateral at the time the transaction is entered into always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price, if the value of the collateral declines there is a risk of loss of both principal and interest. In the event of default, the collateral may be sold but the Fund might incur a loss if the value of the collateral declines, and might incur disposition costs or experience delays in connection with liquidating the collateral. In addition, if bankruptcy proceedings are commenced with respect to the seller of the security, realization upon the collateral by the Fund may be delayed or limited. The Advisor will monitor the value of the collateral at the time the transaction is entered into and throughout the term of the repurchase agreement in an effort to determine that such value always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price. In the event the value of the collateral declines below the repurchase price, the Advisor will demand additional collateral from the issuer to increase the value of the collateral to at least that of the repurchase price, including interest.
In general, for federal income tax purposes, repurchase agreements are treated as collateralized loans secured by the securities “sold.” Therefore, amounts earned under such agreements will not be considered tax‑exempt interest. The treatment of purchase and sales contracts is less certain.
Short Sales
The Fund may make short sales of municipal securities and other securities. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells a security it does not own in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline. The Fund may make short sales to hedge positions, for duration and risk management, in order to maintain portfolio flexibility or to enhance income or gain.
When the Fund makes a short sale, it must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the broker-dealer through which it made the short sale as collateral for its obligation to deliver the security upon conclusion of the
 
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sale. The Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and is often obligated to pay over to the securities lender any income, distributions or dividends received on such borrowed securities until it returns the security to the securities lender.
The Fund’s obligation to replace the borrowed security will be secured by collateral deposited with the securities lender, usually cash, U.S. Government securities or other liquid assets. Depending on arrangements made with the securities lender regarding payment over of any income, distributions or dividends received by the Fund on such security, the Fund may not receive any payments (including interest) on its collateral deposited with such securities lender.
If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund replaces the borrowed security, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. Although the Fund’s gain is limited to the price at which it sold the security short, its potential loss is theoretically unlimited.
The Fund will not make a short sale if, after giving effect to such sale, the market value of all securities sold short exceeds 25% of the value of its Managed Assets or the Fund’s aggregate short sales of a particular class of securities exceeds 25% of the outstanding securities of that class. The Fund may also make short sales “against the box” without respect to such limitations. In this type of short sale, at the time of the sale, the Fund owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire at no additional cost the identical security.
The Fund must comply with Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act with respect to its short sale borrowings, which are considered derivatives transactions under the Rule. See “Additional Risk Factors—Risk Factors in Strategic Transactions and Derivatives—Rule 18f‑4 Under the Investment Company Act” below.
 
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LEVERAGE
The Fund currently intends to use leverage to seek to achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s use of leverage may increase or decrease from time to time in its discretion and the Fund may, in the future, determine not to use leverage. The Fund intends to use leverage to seek to enhance its returns to common shareholders through investment in tender option bonds (“TOBs”) (also known as “inverse floaters”). Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is permitted to borrow money (including by investing in TOB Residuals) or issue debt securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its Managed Assets (50% of its net assets), issue Preferred Shares in an amount up to 50% of its Managed Assets (100% of its net assets) and enter into derivative instruments with leverage embedded in them in a limited manner or subject to a limit on leverage risk calculated based on value‑at‑risk, as required by Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act. Although it has no present intention to do so, the Fund reserves the right to borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, issue debt securities or issue Preferred Shares in the future if it believes that market conditions would be conducive to the successful implementation of a leveraging strategy through borrowing money or issuing debt securities or Preferred Shares.
The use of leverage can create risks. Changes in the value of the Fund’s portfolio, including securities bought with the proceeds of leverage, will be borne entirely by the holders of Shares. If there is a net decrease or increase in the value of the Fund’s investment portfolio, leverage will decrease or increase, as the case may be, the NAV per Share of an applicable class to a greater extent than if the Fund did not utilize leverage. The Fund’s leveraging strategy may not be successful. See “Risks—Leverage Risk.” See also “Risks—Tender Option Bond Risk” for details about the risks associated with the Fund’s use of TOB Residuals.
Certain types of leverage the Fund may use may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements. The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by one or more lenders or by guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for any short-term debt securities or Preferred Shares issued by the Fund. The terms of any borrowings or rating agency guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the Investment Company Act. The Advisor does not believe that these covenants or guidelines will impede it from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with its investment objective and policies if the Fund were to utilize leverage.
Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue senior securities if, immediately after the issuance of such senior securities, the Fund would have an asset coverage ratio (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of less than 300% with respect to senior securities representing indebtedness (i.e., for every dollar of indebtedness outstanding, the Fund is required to have at least three dollars of assets) or less than 200% with respect to senior securities representing preferred stock (i.e., for every dollar in liquidation preference of preferred stock outstanding, the Fund is required to have at least two dollars of assets). The Investment Company Act also provides that the Fund may not declare distributions, or purchase its stock (including through tender offers), if immediately after doing so it will have an asset coverage ratio of less than 300% or 200%, as applicable. Under the Investment Company Act, certain short-term borrowings (such as for cash management purposes) are not subject to these limitations if (i) repaid within 60 days, (ii) not extended or renewed, and (iii) not in excess of 5% of the total assets of the Fund.
Effects of Leverage
Assuming that leverage will represent approximately 18% of the Fund’s net assets and that the Fund will bear expenses relating to that leverage at an average annual rate of 3.69%, the income generated by the Fund’s portfolio (net of estimated expenses) must exceed $3,250,890 in order to cover the expenses specifically related to the Fund’s use of leverage. Of course, these numbers are merely estimates used for illustration. Actual leverage expenses will vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above.
The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on total returns from an investment in Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, and Class U Shares,
 
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respectively, assuming investment portfolio total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of (10)%, (5)%, 0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Risks.” The table further reflects the use of leverage representing 5% of the Fund’s net assets and the Fund’s currently projected annual leverage expense of 3.69%.
 
Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses)
  (10.00)%        (5.00)%        0.00%        5.00%        10.00%
Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Institutional Shares
  (13.0)%     (6.9)%     (0.8)%     5.3%     11.4%
Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class A Shares
  (13.0)%     (6.9)%     (0.8)%     5.3%     11.4%
Corresponding Total Return to Holders of Class U Shares
  (13.0)%     (6.9)%     (0.8)%     5.3%     11.4%
The corresponding total return to holders of each class of Shares is composed of two elements: the common share dividends paid by the Fund (the amount of which is largely determined by the net investment income of the Fund) and gains or losses on the value of the securities the Fund owns. As required by SEC rules, the table assumes that the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0% the Fund must assume that the interest it receives on its investments is entirely offset by losses in the value of those securities.
Tender Option Bond Transactions
The Fund currently leverages its assets through the use of TOB Residuals, which are derivative interests in municipal bonds. The TOB Residuals in which the Fund will invest pay interest or income that, in the opinion of counsel to the issuer of such TOB Residuals, is exempt from regular U.S. federal income tax. No independent investigation will be made to confirm the tax‑exempt status of the interest or income paid by TOB Residuals held by the Fund. Although volatile, TOB Residuals typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate municipal bonds with comparable credit quality.
TOB Residuals represent beneficial interests in a TOB Trust formed for the purpose of holding municipal bonds contributed by one or more funds. A TOB Trust typically issues two classes of beneficial interests: TOB Floaters, which are sold to third-party investors, and TOB Residuals, which are generally issued to the fund(s) that transferred municipal bonds to the TOB Trust. The Fund may invest in both TOB Floaters and TOB Residuals. TOB Floaters may have first priority on the cash flow from the municipal bonds held by the TOB Trust and are enhanced with a liquidity support arrangement from a third-party TOBs Liquidity Provider (defined below) which allows holders to tender their position at par (plus accrued interest). The Fund, as a holder of TOB Residuals, is paid the residual cash flow from the TOB Trust after payment of TOB Trust expenses and interest on the TOB Floaters. The Fund contributes municipal bonds to the TOB Trust and is paid the cash received by the TOB Trust from the sale of the TOB Floaters, less certain transaction costs, and typically will invest the cash to purchase additional municipal bonds or other investments permitted by its investment policies. If the Fund ever purchases all or a portion of the TOB Floaters sold by the TOB Trust, it may surrender those TOB Floaters together with a proportionate amount of TOB Residuals to the TOB Trust in exchange for a proportionate amount of the municipal bonds owned by the TOB Trust.
Other registered investment companies advised by the Advisor or its affiliates (the “BlackRock-Advised Funds”) may contribute municipal bonds to a TOB Trust into which the Fund has contributed municipal bonds. If multiple BlackRock-advised Funds participate in the same TOB Trust, the economic rights and obligations under the TOB Residual will generally be shared among the funds ratably in proportion to their participation in the TOB Trust.
 
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The municipal bonds transferred to a TOB Trust typically are high grade municipal bonds. In certain cases, when municipal bonds transferred are lower grade municipal bonds, the TOB Trust transaction includes a credit enhancement feature that provides for the timely payment of principal and interest on the bonds to the TOB Trust by a credit enhancement provider. The TOB Trust would be responsible for the payment of the credit enhancement fee and the Fund, as a TOB Residual holder, would be responsible for reimbursement of any payments of principal and interest made by the credit enhancement provider.
The TOB Residuals held by the Fund generally provide the Fund with the right to cause the holders of a proportional share of the TOB Floaters to tender their notes to the TOB Trust at par plus accrued interest. Thereafter, the Fund may withdraw a corresponding share of the municipal bonds from the TOB Trust. As a result, a tender option bond transaction, in effect, creates exposure for the Fund to the entire return of the municipal bonds in the TOB Trust, with a net cash investment by the Fund that is less than the value of the municipal bonds in the TOB Trust. This multiplies the positive or negative impact of the municipal bonds’ return within the Fund (thereby creating leverage). The leverage within a TOB Trust depends on the value of the municipal bonds deposited in the TOB Trust relative to the value of the TOB Floaters it issues.
The Fund may invest in highly leveraged TOB Residuals. A TOB Residual generally is considered highly leveraged if the principal amount of the TOB Floaters issued by the related TOB Trust exceeds 75% of the principal amount of the municipal bonds owned by the TOB Trust.
The leverage attributable to the Fund’s use of TOB Residuals may be “called away” on relatively short notice and therefore may be less permanent than more traditional forms of leverage. The TOB Trust may be collapsed without the consent of the Fund upon the occurrence of termination events, as defined in the TOB Trust agreements, including if TOB Floaters that are tendered to the TOBs Liquidity Provider cannot be remarketed. Attempts to remarket tendered securities often failed during volatile market conditions in the past. Upon the occurrence of a termination event, a TOB Trust would be liquidated with the proceeds applied first to any accrued fees owed to the trustee of the TOB Trust, the remarketing agent of the TOB Floaters and the TOBs Liquidity Provider. Upon certain termination events, the holders of the TOB Floaters would be paid before the TOB Residual holders (i.e., the Fund) whereas in other termination events, the TOB Floater and TOB Residual holders would be paid pro rata. If the proceeds upon liquidation of a TOB Trust, net of payment of fees, are less than the aggregate amount the TOB Residual and TOB Floater holders invested in the TOB Trust, the Fund as a TOB Residual holder will realize a loss on its investment, particularly if the TOB Floater holders are paid before the TOB Residual holders. The risk of such a loss may be greater during volatile market conditions when it may be difficult to sell the bonds held by a TOB Trust.
TOB Trusts are typically supported by a liquidity facility provided by a TOBs Liquidity Provider that allows the holders of the TOB Floaters to tender their TOB Floaters in exchange for payment of par plus accrued interest on any business day (subject to the non‑occurrence of a termination event). The tendered TOB Floaters are remarketed by a remarketing agent. In the event of a failed remarketing, the TOB Trust may draw upon a loan from the TOBs Liquidity Provider to purchase the tendered TOB Floaters. Any loans made by the TOBs Liquidity Provider will be secured by the purchased TOB Floaters held by the TOB Trust and will be subject to an increased interest rate based on number of days the loan is outstanding.
The Fund may invest in a TOB Trust on either a non‑recourse or recourse basis. When the Fund invests in TOB Trusts on a non‑recourse basis, and the TOBs Liquidity Provider is required to make a payment under the liquidity facility, the TOBs Liquidity Provider will typically liquidate all or a portion of the municipal bonds held in the TOB Trust and then fund the balance, if any, of the Liquidation Shortfall. If the Fund invests in a TOB Trust on a recourse basis, it will typically enter into a reimbursement agreement with the TOBs Liquidity Provider pursuant to which the Fund is required to reimburse the TOBs Liquidity Provider the amount of any Liquidation Shortfall. As a result, if the Fund invests in a recourse TOB Trust, the Fund will bear the risk of loss with respect to any Liquidation Shortfall. If multiple BlackRock-advised Funds participate in any such TOB Trust, these losses will be shared ratably, in proportion to their participation in the TOB Trust.
 
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Under accounting rules, municipal bonds of the Fund that are deposited into a TOB Trust are investments of the Fund and are presented on the Fund’s Schedule of Investments and outstanding TOB Floaters issued by a TOB Trust are presented as liabilities in the Fund’s Statement of Assets and Liabilities. Interest income from the underlying municipal bonds is recorded by the Fund on an accrual basis. Interest expense incurred on the TOB Floaters and other expenses related to remarketing, administration, trustee and other services to a TOB Trust are reported as expenses of the Fund. In addition, under accounting rules, loans made to a TOB Trust sponsored by the Fund may be presented as loans of the Fund in the Fund’s financial statements even if there is no recourse to the Fund’s assets.
For TOB Floaters, generally, the interest rate earned will be based upon the market rates for municipal bonds with maturities or remarketing provisions that are comparable in duration to the periodic interval of the tender option. Since the tender option feature has a shorter term than the final maturity or first call date of the underlying municipal bonds deposited in the TOB Trust, the holder of the TOB Floaters relies upon the terms of the agreement with the financial institution furnishing the liquidity facility as well as the credit strength of that institution. The perceived reliability and creditworthiness, of many major financial institutions, some of which sponsor and/or provide liquidity support to TOB Trusts increases the risk associated with TOB Floaters. This in turn may reduce the desirability of TOB Floaters as investments, which could impair the viability or availability of TOB Trusts.
Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act permits the Fund to enter into TOB Trust transactions, reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions (e.g., borrowed bonds) notwithstanding the limitation on the issuance of senior securities in Section 18 of the Investment Company Act, provided that the Fund either (i) complies with the 300% asset coverage ratio applicable to senior securities representing indebtedness with respect to such transactions and any other borrowings in the aggregate, or (ii) treats such transactions as derivatives transactions under Rule 18f‑4. See “Additional Risk Factors—Risk Factors in Strategic Transactions and Derivatives—Rule 18f‑4 Under the Investment Company Act” in the SAI. Future regulatory requirements or SEC guidance may necessitate more onerous contractual or regulatory requirements, which may increase the costs or reduce the degree of potential economic benefits of TOB Trust transactions or limit the Fund’s ability to enter into or manage TOB Trust transactions.
See “Risks—Tender Option Bond Risk” for a description of the risks involved with a TOB issuer
Credit Facility
The Fund is permitted to leverage its portfolio by entering into one or more credit facilities. If the Fund enters into a credit facility, the Fund may be required to prepay outstanding amounts or incur a penalty rate of interest upon the occurrence of certain events of default. The Fund would also likely have to indemnify the lenders under the credit facility against liabilities they may incur in connection therewith. In addition, the Fund expects that any credit facility would contain covenants that, among other things, likely would limit the Fund’s ability to pay distributions in certain circumstances, incur additional debt, change certain of its investment policies and engage in certain transactions, including mergers and consolidations, and require asset coverage ratios in addition to those required by the Investment Company Act. The Fund may be required to pledge its assets and to maintain a portion of its assets in cash or high-grade securities as a reserve against interest or principal payments and expenses. The Fund expects that any credit facility would have customary covenant, negative covenant and default provisions. There can be no assurance that the Fund will enter into an agreement for a credit facility, or one on terms and conditions representative of the foregoing, or that additional material terms will not apply. In addition, if entered into, a credit facility may in the future be replaced or refinanced by one or more credit facilities having substantially different terms or by the issuance of Preferred Shares.
Derivatives
The Fund may enter into derivative transactions that have leverage embedded in them. Derivative transactions that the Fund may enter into and the risks associated with them are described elsewhere in this prospectus and are
 
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also referred to as “Strategic Transactions.” There can be no assurance that investments in derivative transactions that have leverage embedded in them will result in a higher return on the Shares. Under Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act, among other things, the Fund must either use derivatives in a limited manner or comply with an outer limit on fund leverage risk based on value‑at‑risk. See “Additional Risk Factors—Risk Factors in Strategic Transactions and Derivatives—Rule 18f‑4 Under the Investment Company Act” in the SAI.
Temporary Borrowings
The Fund may also borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including the payment of dividends and the settlement of securities transactions which otherwise might require untimely dispositions of Fund securities.
Other Forms of Leverage
The Fund may, but does not currently intend to, leverage its portfolio by issuing Preferred Shares. See “Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Shares.”
 
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RISKS
The NAV of, and dividends paid on, the Shares will fluctuate with and be affected by, among other things, the risks more fully described below.
Closed‑End Interval Fund; Illiquidity of Shares
The Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and designed primarily for long-term investors. An investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed‑end fund, should be considered illiquid. The Shares are appropriate only for investors who are seeking an investment in less liquid or illiquid portfolio investments within an illiquid fund. An investment in the Shares is not suitable for investors who need access to the money they invest and investors should provide for adequate liquidity outside of their investment in the Fund to meet their foreseeable liquidity needs. Before making an investment decision, an investor and/or its adviser should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to its investment objectives and personal situation and (ii) consider factors such as its personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs. Short-term investors and investors who cannot bear the loss of some or all of their investment and/or the risks associated with a lack of liquidity should not invest in the Fund. Unlike open‑end funds (commonly known as mutual funds), which generally permit redemptions on a daily basis, the Shares are not redeemable at an investor’s option. Unlike traditional listed closed‑end funds, the Shares are not listed for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not expect any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. The NAV of the Shares may be volatile and the Fund’s use of leverage will increase this volatility. As the Shares are not traded, investors may not be able to dispose of their investment in the Fund when or in the amount desired, no matter how the Fund performs.
Although the Fund, as a fundamental policy, will make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, the number of Shares tendered in connection with a repurchase offer may exceed the number of Shares the Fund has offered to repurchase, in which case the Fund may not repurchase all of your Shares tendered in that offer. In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. Hence, you may not be able to sell your Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire.
Investment Risk
An investment in the Fund’s Shares is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of the entire amount that you invest. As with any stock, the price of the Fund’s Shares will fluctuate with market conditions and other factors. If shares are sold, the price received may be more or less than the original investment. The Shares are designed for longer-term investors and the Fund should not be treated as a trading vehicle. At any point in time an investment in the Fund’s Shares may be worth less than the original amount invested, even after taking into account distributions paid by the Fund. During periods in which the Fund may use leverage, the Fund’s investment and certain other risks will be magnified.
Repurchase Offers Risk
As described under “Periodic Repurchase Offers” below, the Fund is an “interval fund” and, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c‑3 under the Investment Company Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers are generally beneficial to the Fund’s shareholders. Repurchase offers generally are funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities but may be funded with borrowings.
However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio and portfolio turnover. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance.
 
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Payment for tendered Shares may require the liquidation of the Fund’s investments earlier than the Advisor would otherwise liquidate these holdings, potentially resulting in losses, and may increase the Fund’s portfolio turnover. Such liquidations may also cause the Fund to sell its more liquid investments, which may reduce the size of future repurchase offerings and may result in the Fund selling investments at inopportune times or at times prior to when the Advisor believes the Fund may be able to realize the best return on such investments. Additionally, because such liquidations may cause the Fund to sell its more liquid investments, common shareholders who choose not to tender into a repurchase offer will hold investments in a Fund whose portfolio may become increasingly illiquid. As the Fund’s portfolio becomes more illiquid, the Fund’s portfolio may become harder to value, and it may become harder for the Fund to dispose of its investments at prices the Advisor believes reflect their fair value, or at all, resulting in losses to the Fund and its shareholders. See “—Valuation Risk.”
Diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities or to achieve its investment objective.
Subject to the Fund’s investment restriction with respect to leverage, the Fund may utilize leverage to finance the repurchase of Shares. However, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to obtain such financing. Moreover, if the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses borne by common shareholders of the Fund (in addition to the increase in pro rata expenses that will result from having a smaller base of assets after any such repurchase offers over which to spread fixed expenses) and reducing any net investment income.
Certain shareholders may from time to time own or control a significant percentage of the Fund’s Shares. Repurchase requests by these shareholders of these Shares of the Fund may cause repurchase offers to be oversubscribed, with the result that shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased in connection with any repurchase offer. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed, the Fund may determine to increase the amount repurchased by up to 2% of the outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline. In the event that the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the repurchase offer amount, or if shareholders tender more than the repurchase offer amount plus 2% of the outstanding Shares as of the date of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. As a result, shareholders may be unable to liquidate all or a given percentage of their investment in the Fund during a particular repurchase offer. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Some shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. Affiliates of the Fund may own Shares and determine to participate in the Fund’s repurchase offers, which may contribute to a repurchase offer being oversubscribed and the Fund effecting repurchases on a pro rata basis. A shareholder may be subject to market and other risks, and the NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a shareholder submits a repurchase request. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers.”
In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will generally be a taxable event to common shareholders.
Distribution Payment Risk
The Fund cannot assure investors that the Fund will achieve investment results that will allow the Fund to make a specified level of cash distributions or year‑to‑year increases in cash distributions. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board and may depend on the Fund’s earnings, the Fund’s net investment income, the
 
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Fund’s financial condition, maintenance of the Fund’s RIC status, compliance with applicable regulations and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time. Shareholders should not assume that the source of distributions will be net profits.
In the event that the Fund encounters delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s distributions may constitute a return of capital to shareholders. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions that constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it will lower an investor’s tax basis in his or her Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities, and generally results in a reduction of the tax basis in the Shares. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Fund Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the shareholder’s original investment.
Effect of Additional Subscriptions
The Fund intends to accept additional subscriptions for Shares, and such subscriptions will dilute the interest of existing shareholders in the Fund’s investment portfolio, which could have an adverse impact on the value of existing shareholders’ Shares.
Purchase Price Risk
The purchase price at which an investor purchases Shares will be determined at each daily closing and will equal the NAV per Share of the applicable class as of such date, plus, with respect to Class A Shares, the applicable sales load. As a result, in the event of an increase in the Fund’s NAV per Share of an applicable class, an investor’s purchase price may be higher than the prior daily closing price per Share of the applicable class, and therefore an investor may receive fewer Shares than if an investor had subscribed at the prior daily closing price.
Best-Efforts Offering Risk
This offering is being made on a reasonable best efforts basis, whereby the Distributor is only required to use its reasonable best efforts to sell the Shares and neither it nor any Dealer has a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the Shares. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for the allocation of the Fund’s investments among various issuers and industries may be decreased, and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of the Fund’s expenses over a smaller capital base. As a result, the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective and an investor could lose some or all of the value of his or her investment in the Shares. The Distributor is an affiliate of the Fund and the Advisor. As a result, the Distributor’s due diligence review and investigation of the Fund and this prospectus cannot be considered to be an independent review.
Municipal Securities Market Risk
Economic exposure to the municipal securities market involves certain risks. The Fund’s economic exposure to municipal securities includes municipal securities in the Fund’s portfolio and municipal securities to which the Fund is exposed through the ownership of TOB Residuals. The municipal market is one in which dealer firms make markets in bonds on a principal basis using their proprietary capital. Most municipal securities will not be registered with the SEC or any state securities commission and will not be listed on any national securities exchange. The amount of public information available about the municipal securities to which the Fund is economically exposed is generally less than that for corporate equities or bonds, and the investment performance of the Fund may therefore be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the Advisor than would be a fund investing solely in stocks or taxable bonds. The secondary market for municipal securities, particularly the below investment grade securities to which the Fund may be economically exposed, also tends to be less well-developed or liquid than many other securities markets, which may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to sell such securities at attractive prices or at prices approximating those at which the Fund currently values them.
 
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In addition, many state and municipal governments that issue securities are under significant economic and financial stress and may not be able to satisfy their obligations. This stress may be significantly exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic. The ability of municipal issuers to make timely payments of interest and principal may be diminished during general economic downturns and as governmental cost burdens are reallocated among federal, state and local governments. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited by provisions of state constitutions or laws and an entity’s credit will depend on many factors, including the entity’s tax base, the extent to which the entity relies on federal or state aid, and other factors which are beyond the entity’s control. In addition, laws enacted in the future by Congress or state legislatures or referenda could extend the time for payment of principal and/or interest, or impose other constraints on enforcement of such obligations or on the ability of municipalities to levy taxes. Issuers of municipal securities might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of municipal securities could experience delays in collecting principal and interest and such holders may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which they are entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in the payment of interest or repayment of principal, or both, the Fund may take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuer’s obligations on such securities, which may increase the Fund’s operating expenses. Any income derived from the Fund’s ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax‑exempt or may fail to generate qualifying income for purposes of the income tests applicable to RICs.
Municipal Securities Risks
Municipal securities risks include the ability of the issuer to repay the obligation, the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities, and the possibility of future legislative changes which could affect the market for and the value of municipal securities. These risks include:
General Obligation Bonds Risks. General obligation bonds are typically secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit and taxing power for the repayment of principal and the payment of interest. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited, however, by provisions of its state constitution or laws, and an entity’s creditworthiness will depend on many factors, including potential erosion of its tax base due to population declines, natural disasters, declines in the state’s industrial base or inability to attract new industries, economic limits on the ability to tax without eroding the tax base, state legislative proposals or voter initiatives to limit ad valorem real property taxes and the extent to which the entity relies on federal or state aid, access to capital markets or other factors beyond the state’s or entity’s control. Accordingly, the capacity of the issuer of a general obligation bond as to the timely payment of interest and the repayment of principal when due is affected by the issuer’s maintenance of its tax base.
Revenue Bonds Risks. Revenue or special obligation bonds are typically payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue sources such as payments from the user of the facility being financed. Accordingly, the timely payment of interest and the repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of the revenue or special obligation bond is a function of the economic viability of such facility or such revenue source. Revenue bonds issued by state or local agencies to finance the development of low‑income, multi-family housing involve special risks in addition to those associated with municipal securities generally, including that the underlying properties may not generate sufficient income to pay expenses and interest costs. Such bonds are generally non‑recourse against the property owner, may be junior to the rights of others with an interest in the properties, may pay interest that changes based in part on the financial performance of the property, may be prepayable without penalty and may be used to finance the construction of housing developments which, until completed and rented, do not generate income to pay interest. Increases in interest rates payable on senior obligations may make it more difficult for issuers to meet payment obligations on subordinated bonds.
Private Activity Bonds Risks. The Fund may invest in certain tax‑exempt securities classified as “private activity bonds.” These bonds may subject certain investors in the Fund to the federal alternative minimum tax.
 
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Moral Obligation Bonds Risks. Municipal bonds may also include “moral obligation” bonds, which are normally issued by special purpose public authorities. If an issuer of moral obligation bonds is unable to meet its obligations, the repayment of such bonds becomes a moral commitment but not a legal obligation of the state or municipality in question.
Municipal Notes Risks. Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, repayment on the note may be delayed or the note may not be fully repaid, and the Fund may lose money.
Municipal Lease Obligations Risks. Also included within the general category of municipal bonds are COPs issued by government authorities or entities to finance the acquisition or construction of equipment, land and/or facilities. COPs represent participations in a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional sales contract (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) relating to such equipment, land or facilities. Municipal leases, like other municipal debt obligations, are subject to the risk of non‑payment. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which the issuer’s unlimited taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation is frequently backed by the issuer’s covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain “non‑appropriation” clauses which provide that the issuer has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. Although “non‑appropriation” lease obligations are secured by the leased property, disposition of the property in the event of foreclosure might prove difficult and the value of the property may be insufficient to pay lease obligations. Certain investments in lease obligations may be illiquid.
Liquidity of Investments. Certain municipal securities in which the Fund invests may lack an established secondary trading market or are otherwise considered illiquid. Liquidity of a security relates to the ability to easily dispose of the security and the price to be obtained and does not generally relate to the credit risk or likelihood of receipt of cash at maturity. Illiquid securities may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments.
The financial markets in general, and certain segments of the municipal securities markets in particular, have in recent years experienced periods of extreme secondary market supply and demand imbalance, resulting in a loss of liquidity during which market prices were suddenly and substantially below traditional measures of intrinsic value. During such periods some securities could be sold only at arbitrary prices and with substantial losses. Periods of such market dislocation may occur again at any time.
Tax‑Exempt Status Risk. In making investments, the Fund and the Advisor will rely on the opinion of issuers’ bond counsel and, in the case of derivative securities, sponsors’ counsel, on the tax‑exempt status of interest on municipal obligations and payments under tax‑exempt derivative securities. Neither the Fund nor the Advisor will independently review the bases for those tax opinions. If any of those tax opinions are ultimately determined to be incorrect or if events occur after the security is acquired that impact the security’s tax‑exempt status, the Fund and its shareholders could be subject to substantial tax liabilities. An assertion by the IRS that a portfolio security is not exempt from U.S. federal income tax (contrary to indications from the issuer) could affect the Fund’s and its shareholders’ income tax liability for the current or past years and could create liability for information reporting penalties. In addition, an IRS assertion of taxability may cause the Fund to be ineligible to pay exempt-interest dividends or may impair the liquidity and the fair market value of the securities.
Taxability Risk. The Fund intends to minimize the payment of taxable income to shareholders by investing in tax‑exempt or municipal securities in reliance at the time of purchase on an opinion of bond counsel to the issuer that the interest paid on those securities will be excludable from gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such securities, however, may be determined to pay, or have paid, taxable income subsequent to the Fund’s acquisition of the securities. In that event, the treatment of dividends previously paid or to be paid by the Fund as “exempt interest dividends” could be adversely affected, subjecting the Fund’s shareholders to increased
 
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U.S. federal income tax liabilities. Alternatively, the Fund might enter into an agreement with the IRS to pay an agreed upon amount in lieu of the IRS adjusting individual shareholders’ income tax liabilities. If the Fund agrees to enter into such an agreement, the Fund’s yield could be adversely affected. Further, shareholders at the time the Fund enters into such an agreement that were not shareholders when the dividends in question were paid would bear some cost for a benefit they did not receive. Federal tax legislation may limit the types and volume of bonds the interest on which qualifies for a federal income tax‑exemption. As a result, current legislation and legislation that may be enacted in the future may affect the availability of municipal securities for investment by the Fund. In addition, future laws, regulations, rulings or court decisions may cause interest on municipal securities to be subject, directly or indirectly, to U.S. federal income taxation or interest on state municipal securities to be subject to state or local income taxation, or the value of state municipal securities to be subject to state or local intangible personal property tax, or may otherwise prevent the Fund from realizing the full current benefit of the tax‑exempt status of such securities. Any such change could also affect the market price of such securities, and thus the value of an investment in the Fund.
Although the Fund does not seek to realize taxable income or capital gains, the Fund may realize and distribute taxable ordinary income or capital gains from time to time as a result of the Fund’s normal investment activities. During temporary defensive periods, including the period during which the net proceeds of this offering are being invested, and in order to keep the Fund’s cash fully invested, the Fund may invest in liquid, short-term investments, including high quality, short-term securities that may be either tax‑exempt or taxable.
Alternative Minimum Tax and Capital Gain Tax Risk. The Fund expects that a portion of the interest or income it produces will be includable in alternative minimum taxable income. There is no limit on the portion of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in municipal securities the income from which would be subject to the alternative minimum tax. Exempt interest dividends also are likely to be subject to state and local income taxes. Distributions of any capital gain or other taxable income will be taxable to shareholders. The Fund may not be a suitable investment for investors who are subject to the federal alternative minimum tax or who would become subject to such tax by purchasing shares of the Fund. The suitability of an investment in the Fund will depend upon a comparison of the after‑tax yield likely to be provided from the Fund with that from comparable tax‑exempt investments not subject to the alternative minimum tax, and from comparable fully taxable investments, in light of each such investor’s tax position.
Nonpayment Risk. Municipal bonds, like other debt obligations, are subject to the risk of nonpayment. The ability of issuers of municipal securities to make timely payments of interest and principal may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such nonpayment would result in a reduction of income to the Fund and could result in a reduction in the value of the municipal security experiencing nonpayment and a potential decrease in the net asset value of the Fund.
Fixed-Income Securities Risks
Fixed-income securities in which the Fund may invest are generally subject to the following risks:
Interest Rate Risk. The market value of bonds and other fixed-income securities changes in response to interest rate changes and other factors. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of bonds and other fixed-income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the recent period of historically low interest rates. The Federal Reserve raised and maintained the federal funds rate as part of its efforts to address rising inflation. In September and December 2024, the Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate and may announce additional rate cuts in the near future. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility, and could negatively impact the Acquiring Fund’s performance. There is risk that interest rates will continue to rise, which will likely drive down prices of bonds and other fixed-income securities. The magnitude of these price reductions in the market price of bonds and other fixed-income securities is generally greater for those securities with longer maturities. Fluctuations in the market price of the Fund’s investments will not affect
 
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interest income derived from instruments already owned by the Fund, but will be reflected in the Fund’s NAV. The Fund may lose money if short-term or long-term interest rates rise sharply in a manner not anticipated by the Fund’s management. To the extent the Fund invests in debt securities that may be prepaid at the option of the obligor, the sensitivity of such securities to changes in interest rates may increase (to the detriment of the Fund) when interest rates rise. Moreover, because rates on certain floating rate debt securities typically reset only periodically, changes in prevailing interest rates (and particularly sudden and significant changes) can be expected to cause some fluctuations in the NAV of the Fund to the extent that it invests in floating rate debt securities. These basic principles of bond prices also apply to U.S. Government securities. A security backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. Government is guaranteed only as to its stated interest rate and face value at maturity, not its current market price. Just like other fixed-income securities, government-guaranteed securities will fluctuate in value when interest rates change.
The Fund’s intended use of leverage, including through the use of instruments such as reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll transactions, will tend to increase the Fund’s interest rate risk. The Fund may utilize certain strategies, including taking positions in futures or interest rate swaps, for the purpose of reducing the interest rate sensitivity of fixed-income securities held by the Fund and decreasing the Fund’s exposure to interest rate risk. The Fund is not required to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk and may choose not to do so. In addition, there is no assurance that any attempts by the Fund to reduce interest rate risk will be successful or that any hedges that the Fund may establish will perfectly correlate with movements in interest rates.
The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate debt instruments, which generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes than longer duration fixed rate instruments, but may decline in value in response to rising interest rates if, for example, the rates at which they pay interest do not rise as much, or as quickly, as market interest rates in general. Conversely, variable and floating rate instruments generally will not increase in value if interest rates decline. The Fund also may invest in inverse floating rate debt securities, which may decrease in value if interest rates increase, and which also may exhibit greater price volatility than fixed rate debt obligations with similar credit quality. To the extent the Fund holds variable or floating rate instruments, a decrease (or, in the case of inverse floating rate securities, an increase) in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities, which may adversely affect the NAV of the Fund’s Shares.
Issuer Risk. The value of fixed-income securities may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, reduced demand for the issuer’s goods and services, historical and prospective earnings of the issuer and the value of the assets of the issuer.
Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more fixed-income securities in the Fund’s portfolio will decline in price or fail to pay interest or principal when due because the issuer of the security experiences a decline in its financial status. Credit risk is increased when a portfolio security is downgraded or the perceived creditworthiness of the issuer deteriorates. To the extent the Fund invests in below investment grade securities, it will be exposed to a greater amount of credit risk than a fund which only invests in investment grade securities. In addition, to the extent the Fund uses credit derivatives to sell credit protection to its counterparty, such use will expose it to additional risk of the occurrence of a credit event in respect of the bonds underlying the derivatives default. The degree of credit risk depends on the issuer’s financial condition and on the terms of the securities. If rating agencies lower their ratings of municipal securities in the Fund’s portfolio, the value of those securities could decline. Because a significant source of income for the Fund is the interest and principal payments on the municipal securities in which it invests, any default by an issuer of a municipal security could have a negative impact on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on common shares then outstanding.
Prepayment Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, borrowers may exercise their option to prepay principal earlier than scheduled. For fixed rate securities, such payments often occur during periods of declining interest rates, forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities, resulting in a possible decline in the Fund’s income and distributions to shareholders. This is known as prepayment or “call” risk. Below investment grade securities frequently have call features that allow the issuer to redeem the security at dates prior to its
 
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stated maturity at a specified price (typically greater than par) only if certain prescribed conditions are met (“call protection”). For premium bonds (bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value) purchased by the Fund, prepayment risk may be enhanced.
Reinvestment Risk. Reinvestment risk is the risk that income from the Fund’s portfolio will decline if the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded or called fixed-income securities at market interest rates that are below the Fund portfolio’s current earnings rate.
Duration and Maturity Risk. The Fund has no set policy regarding portfolio maturity or duration of the fixed-income securities it may hold. The Advisor may seek to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity based on its assessment of current and projected market conditions and all factors that the Advisor deems relevant. In comparison to maturity (which is the date on which the issuer of a debt instrument is obligated to repay the principal amount), duration is a measure of the price volatility of a debt instrument as a result in changes in market rates of interest, based on the weighted average timing of the instrument’s expected principal and interest payments. Specifically, duration measures the anticipated percentage change in NAV that is expected for every percentage point change in interest rates. The two have an inverse relationship. Duration can be a useful tool to estimate anticipated price changes to a fixed pool of income securities associated with changes in interest rates. For example, a duration of five years means that a 1% decrease in interest rates will increase the NAV of the portfolio by approximately 5%; if interest rates increase by 1%, the NAV will decrease by 5%. However, in a managed portfolio of fixed-income securities having differing interest or dividend rates or payment schedules, maturities, redemption provisions, call or prepayment provisions and credit qualities, actual price changes in response to changes in interest rates may differ significantly from a duration-based estimate at any given time. Actual price movements experienced by a portfolio of fixed-income securities will be affected by how interest rates move (i.e., changes in the relationship of long-term interest rates to short-term interest rates and in the relationship of interest rates for highly rated securities and rates for below investment grade securities), the magnitude of any move in interest rates, actual and anticipated prepayments of principal through call or redemption features, the extension of maturities through restructuring, the sale of securities for portfolio management purposes, the reinvestment of proceeds from prepayments on and from sales of securities, and credit quality-related considerations whether associated with financing costs to lower credit quality borrowers or otherwise, as well as other factors. Accordingly, while duration maybe a useful tool to estimate potential price movements in relation to changes in interest rates, investors are cautioned that duration alone will not predict actual changes in the net asset or market value of the Fund’s Shares and that actual price movements in the Fund’s portfolio may differ significantly from duration-based estimates. Duration differs from maturity in that it takes into account a security’s yield, coupon payments and its principal payments in addition to the amount of time until the security finally matures. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. Prices of securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. In general, a portfolio of securities with a longer duration can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a portfolio with a shorter duration.
Any decisions as to the targeted duration or maturity of any particular category of investments or of the Fund’s portfolio generally will be made based on all pertinent market factors at any given time. The Fund may incur costs in seeking to adjust the portfolio’s average duration or maturity. There can be no assurances that the Advisor’s assessment of current and projected market conditions will be correct or that any strategy to adjust the portfolio’s duration or maturity will be successful at any given time.
Below Investment Grade Securities Risk
The Fund may invest without limit in securities that are rated, at the time of investment, below investment grade quality (rated Ba/BB or below by Moody’s, S&P or Fitch, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor), which are commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds and are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal when due. The value of high yield, lower quality bonds is affected by the creditworthiness of the issuers of the securities and by general economic and specific industry conditions. Issuers of high yield bonds are not perceived to be as strong financially as those
 
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with higher credit ratings. These issuers are more vulnerable to financial setbacks and recession than more creditworthy issuers, which may impair their ability to make interest and principal payments. Lower grade securities may be particularly susceptible to economic downturns. It is likely that an economic recession could severely disrupt the market for such securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities. In addition, it is likely that any such economic downturn could adversely affect the ability of the issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest thereon and increase the incidence of default for such securities. See “—Risk Associated with Recent Market Events.”
Lower grade securities, though high yielding, are characterized by high risk. They may be subject to certain risks with respect to the issuing entity and to greater market fluctuations than certain lower yielding, higher rated securities. The secondary market for lower grade securities may be less liquid than that for higher rated securities. Adverse conditions could make it difficult at times for the Fund to sell certain securities or could result in lower prices than those used in calculating the Fund’s NAV. Because of the substantial risks associated with investments in lower grade securities, you could lose money on your investment in Shares of the Fund, both in the short-term and the long-term.
The prices of fixed-income securities generally are inversely related to interest rate changes; however, below investment grade securities historically have been somewhat less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher quality securities of comparable maturity because credit quality is also a significant factor in the valuation of lower grade securities. On the other hand, an increased rate environment results in increased borrowing costs generally, which may impair the credit quality of low‑grade issuers and thus have a more significant effect on the value of some lower grade securities. In addition, the period of historically low interest rates that ended in March 2022 expanded the historic universe of buyers of lower grade securities as traditional investment grade oriented investors have been forced to accept more risk in order to maintain income. As rates rise, these recent entrants to the low‑grade securities market may exit the market and reduce demand for lower grade securities, potentially resulting in greater price volatility.
The ratings of Moody’s, S&P, Fitch and other rating agencies represent their opinions as to the quality of the obligations which they undertake to rate. Ratings are relative and subjective and, although ratings may be useful in evaluating the safety of interest and principal payments, they do not evaluate the market value risk of such obligations. Although these ratings may be an initial criterion for selection of portfolio investments, the Advisor also will independently evaluate these securities and the ability of the issuers of such securities to pay interest and principal. To the extent that the Fund invests in lower grade securities that have not been rated by a rating agency, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities.
The Fund may invest in securities rated in the lower rating categories (rated as low as D, or judged to be of comparable quality by the Advisor). For these securities, the risks associated with below investment grade instruments are more pronounced. The Fund may purchase stressed or distressed securities, including securities that are in default or the issuers of which are in bankruptcy, which involve heightened risks.
Given recent developments in the high-yield market, non‑investment grade securities may be subject to weaker or less restrictive covenant protections. Under such weaker or less restrictive covenants, borrowers might be able to exercise more flexibility with respect to certain activities than borrowers who are subject to stronger or more protective covenants. For example, borrowers might be able to incur more debt, including secured debt, return more capital to shareholders, remove or reduce assets that are designated as collateral securing non‑investment grade securities, increase the claims against assets that are permitted against collateral securing non‑investment grade securities or otherwise manage their business in ways that could impact creditors negatively. Each of these factors might negatively impact the non‑investment grade securities held by the Fund.
Distressed and Defaulted Securities Risk
Investments in the securities of financially distressed issuers are speculative and involve substantial risks. These securities may present a substantial risk of default or may be in default at the time of investment. The Fund may
 
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incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a portfolio company, the Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than its original investment. Among the risks inherent in investments in a troubled entity is that it frequently may be difficult to obtain information as to the true financial condition of such issuer. The Advisor’s judgment about the credit quality of the issuer and the relative value and liquidity of its securities may prove to be wrong. Distressed securities and any securities received in an exchange for such securities may be subject to restrictions on resale.
Unrated Securities Risk
Because the Fund may purchase securities that are not rated by any rating organization, the Advisor may, after assessing their credit quality, internally assign ratings to certain of those securities in categories similar to those of rating organizations. Some unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, which means the Fund might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities.
Leverage Risk
The use of leverage creates an opportunity for increased common share net investment income distributions, but also creates risks for the holders of Shares. The Fund cannot assure you that the use of leverage will result in a higher yield on the Shares. Any leveraging strategy the Fund employs may not be successful.
Leverage involves risks and special considerations for common shareholders, including:
 
   
the likelihood of greater volatility of NAV and distribution rate of the Shares than a comparable portfolio without leverage;
 
   
the risk that fluctuations in interest rates or dividend rates on any leverage that the Fund must pay will reduce the return to the holders of Shares;
 
   
the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is likely to cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged;
 
   
leverage may increase operating costs, which may reduce total return.
Any decline in the NAV of the Fund’s investments will be borne entirely by the holders of Shares. Therefore, if the market value of the Fund’s portfolio declines, leverage will result in a greater decrease in NAV to the holders of Shares than if the Fund were not leveraged. While the Fund may from time to time consider reducing leverage in response to actual or anticipated changes in interest rates in an effort to mitigate the increased volatility of current income and NAV associated with leverage, there can be no assurances that the Fund will actually reduce leverage in the future or that any reduction, if undertaken, will benefit the holders of Shares. Changes in the future direction of interest rates are very difficult to predict accurately. If the Fund were to reduce leverage based on a prediction about future changes to interest rates, and that prediction turned out to be incorrect, the reduction in leverage would likely operate to reduce the income and/or total returns to holders of Shares relative to the circumstance where the Fund had not reduced leverage. The Fund may decide that this risk outweighs the likelihood of achieving the desired reduction to volatility in income and share price if the prediction were to turn out to be correct, and determine not to reduce leverage as described above.
The Fund currently utilizes leverage through investment in TOB Residuals. The Fund currently does not intend to borrow money from banks or other financial institutions or issue debt securities or Preferred Shares, but may in the future borrow money from banks or other financial institutions or issue debt securities in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its Managed Assets (50% of its net assets), issue Preferred Shares in an amount up to 50% of its
 
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Managed Assets (100% of its net assets) and enter into derivative instruments with leverage embedded in them in a limited manner or subject to a limit on leverage risk calculated based on value‑at‑risk, as required by Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act. Although it has no present intention to do so, the Fund reserves the right to borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, or issue debt securities or Preferred Shares, in the future if it believes that market conditions would be conducive to the successful implementation of a leveraging strategy through borrowing money or issuing debt securities or Preferred Shares.
The Fund may utilize leverage through investment in derivatives. See “—Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk.” Under Rule 18f‑4 under the Investment Company Act, among other things, the Fund must either use derivatives in a limited manner or comply with an outer limit on fund leverage risk based on value‑at‑risk. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet the applicable requirements of the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder.
Certain types of leverage the Fund may use may result in the Fund being subject to covenants relating to asset coverage and portfolio composition requirements. The Fund may be subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies, which may issue ratings for any debt securities or Preferred Shares issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed by the Investment Company Act. The Advisor does not believe that these covenants or guidelines will impede it from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies.
In addition to the foregoing, the use of leverage treated as indebtedness of the Fund for U.S. federal income tax purposes may reduce the amount of Fund dividends that are otherwise eligible for the dividends received deduction in the hands of corporate shareholders.
The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies. Such securities may also be leveraged, and will therefore be subject to the leverage risks described above. This additional leverage may in certain market conditions reduce the NAV of the Fund’s Shares and the returns to the holders of Shares.
Tender Option Bond Risk
The Fund may leverage its assets through the use of TOB Residuals, which are derivative interests in municipal bonds. The TOB Residuals in which the Fund may invest pay interest or income that, in the opinion of counsel to the issuer of such TOB Residuals, is exempt from regular U.S. federal income tax. No independent investigation will be made to confirm the tax‑exempt status of the interest or income paid by TOB Residuals held by the Fund. There is no assurance that the Fund’s strategy of using TOB Residuals to leverage its assets will be successful.
TOB Residuals represent beneficial interests in a TOB Trust. A TOB Trust typically issues two classes of beneficial interests: TOB Floaters, which are sold to third party investors, and TOB Residuals, which are generally issued to the fund(s) that transferred municipal bonds to the TOB Trust. TOB Floaters may have first priority on the cash flow from the municipal bonds held by the TOB Trust and are enhanced with a liquidity support arrangement provided by a third party bank or other financial institution (the “TOBs Liquidity Provider”) which allows holders to tender their position at par (plus accrued interest). The Fund, as a holder of TOB Residuals, is paid the residual cash flow from the TOB Trust after payment of TOB Trust expenses and interest on the TOB Floaters. As result, distributions on TOB Residuals will bear an inverse relationship to short-term municipal bond interest rates. Distributions on the TOB Residuals paid to the Fund will be reduced or, in the extreme, eliminated as short-term municipal interest rates rise and will increase when short-term municipal interest rates fall. The amount of such reduction or increase is a function, in part, of the amount of TOB Floaters sold by the TOB Trust relative to the amount of the TOB Residuals that it sells. The greater the amount of TOB Floaters sold relative to the TOB Residuals, the more volatile the distributions on the TOB Residuals will be. Short-term interest rates have been at historic lows in recent years, but have begun to increase and are generally expected to continue to do so in the current market environment.
 
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The municipal bonds transferred to a TOB Trust typically are high grade municipal bonds. In certain cases, when municipal bonds transferred are lower grade municipal bonds, the TOB Trust transaction includes a credit enhancement feature that provides for the timely payment of principal and interest on the bonds to the TOB Trust by a credit enhancement provider. The TOB Trust would be responsible for the payment of the credit enhancement fee and the Fund, as a TOB Residual holder, would be responsible for reimbursement of any payments of principal and interest made by the credit enhancement provider.
Any leverage achieved through the Fund’s investment in TOB Residuals will increase the possibility that common share long-term returns will be diminished if the cost of the TOB Floaters issued by a TOB Trust exceeds the return on the securities in the TOB Trust. If the income and gains earned on municipal securities owned by a TOB Trust that issues TOB Residuals to the Fund are greater than the payments due on the TOB Floaters issued by the TOB Trust, the Fund’s returns will be greater than if it had not invested in the TOB Residuals.
Although the Fund generally would unwind a TOB transaction rather than try to sell a TOB Residual, if it did try to sell a TOB Residual, its ability to do so would depend on the liquidity of the TOB Residual. TOB Residuals have varying degrees of liquidity based, among other things, upon the liquidity of the underlying securities deposited in the TOB Trust. The market price of TOB Residuals is more volatile than the underlying municipal bonds due to leverage.
The leverage attributable to the Fund’s use of TOB Residuals may be “called away” on relatively short notice and therefore may be less permanent than more traditional forms of leverage. The TOB Trust may be collapsed without the consent of the Fund upon the occurrence of termination events, as defined in the TOB Trust agreements, including if TOB Floaters that are tendered to the TOBs Liquidity Provider cannot be remarketed. Attempts to remarket tendered securities often failed during volatile market conditions in the past. Upon the occurrence of a termination event, a TOB Trust would be liquidated with the proceeds applied first to any accrued fees owed to the trustee of the TOB Trust, the remarketing agent of the TOB Floaters and the TOBs Liquidity Provider. Upon certain termination events, the holders of the TOB Floaters would be paid before the TOB Residual holders (i.e., the Fund) whereas in other termination events, the TOB Floater and TOB Residual holders would be paid pro rata. If the proceeds upon liquidation of a TOB Trust, net of payment of fees, are less than the aggregate amount the TOB Residual and TOB Floater holders invested in the TOB Trust, the Fund as a TOB Residual holder will realize a loss on its investment, particularly if the TOB Floater holders are paid before the TOB Residual holders. The risk of such a loss may be greater during volatile market conditions when it may be difficult to sell the bonds held by a TOB Trust.
The Fund may invest in a TOB Trust on either a non‑recourse or recourse basis. If the Fund invests in a TOB Trust on a recourse basis, it will typically enter into a reimbursement agreement with the TOBs Liquidity Provider pursuant to which the Fund is required to reimburse the TOBs Liquidity Provider the balance, if any, of the amount owed under the liquidity facility over the liquidation proceeds (the “Liquidation Shortfall”). As a result, if the Fund invests in a recourse TOB Trust, the Fund will bear the risk of loss with respect to any Liquidation Shortfall.
The Fund structures and “sponsors” the TOB Trusts in which it holds TOB Residuals and has certain duties and responsibilities, which may give rise to certain additional risks including, but not limited to, compliance, securities law and operational risks.
TOB Trusts constitute an important component of the municipal bond market. Any modifications or changes to the rules governing TOB Trusts may adversely impact the municipal market and the Fund, including through reduced demand for and liquidity of municipal bonds and increased financing costs for municipal issuers. The ultimate impact of any potential modifications on the TOB market and the overall municipal market is not yet certain.
Please see “Leverage—Tender Option Bond Transactions” for additional information.
 
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Insurance Risk
The Fund may purchase municipal securities that are secured by insurance or may purchase insurance for municipal securities that it owns. Insurance guarantees that interest payments on a municipal security will be made on time and that the principal will be repaid when the security matures. Either the issuer of the municipal security or the Fund purchases the insurance. Insurance is expected to protect the Fund against losses caused by a municipal security issuer’s failure to make interest and principal payments. However, insurance does not protect the Fund or its shareholders against losses caused by declines in a municipal security’s value. Also, the Fund cannot be certain that any insurance company will make the payments it guarantees. While an insured municipal security will typically be deemed to have the rating of its insurer, if the insurer of a municipal security suffers a downgrade in its credit rating or the market discounts the value of the insurance provided by the insurer, the rating of the underlying municipal security will be more relevant and the value of the municipal security would more closely, if not entirely, reflect such rating. The Fund may lose money on its investment if the insurance company does not make payments it guarantees. In addition, if the Fund purchases the insurance, it must pay the premiums, which will reduce the Fund’s yield. If a municipal security’s insurer fails to fulfill its obligations or loses its credit rating, the value of the security could drop.
Yield and Ratings Risk
The yields on debt obligations are dependent on a variety of factors, including general market conditions, conditions in the particular market for the obligation, the financial condition of the issuer, the size of the offering, the maturity of the obligation and the ratings of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch, which are described in “Appendix A—Description of Bond Ratings” to the SAI, represent their respective opinions as to the quality of the obligations they undertake to rate. Ratings, however, are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, a rated security may cease to be rated. The Advisor will consider such an event in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold the security.
Unrated Securities Risk
Because the Fund may purchase securities that are not rated by any rating organization, the Advisor may, after assessing their credit quality, internally assign ratings to certain of those securities in categories similar to those of rating organizations. Some unrated securities may not have an active trading market or may be difficult to value, which means the Fund might have difficulty selling them promptly at an acceptable price. To the extent that the Fund invests in unrated securities, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective will be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis than would be the case when the Fund invests in rated securities.
Zero-Coupon Securities Risk
Zero-coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and do not pay interest during the life of the security. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the security will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Upon maturity, the holder of a zero‑coupon security is entitled to receive the par value of the security.
The Fund accrues income with respect to these securities for U.S. federal income tax and accounting purposes prior to the receipt of cash payments. Zero-coupon securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and less liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities that pay cash interest at regular intervals.
Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under the U.S. federal tax laws, the Fund is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently, may have to dispose of other, more liquid portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances or may have to leverage itself by borrowing in order to generate the cash to satisfy these distributions. The required distributions may result in an increase in the Fund’s exposure to zero‑coupon securities.
 
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In addition to the above-described risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero‑coupon securities. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, the Fund’s investment exposure to these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are held in the Fund’s portfolio.
Variable Rate Demand Obligations Risk
VRDOs are floating rate securities that combine an interest in a long-term municipal bond with a right to demand payment before maturity from a bank or other financial institution. If the bank or financial institution is unable to pay, the Fund may lose money.
Indexed and Inverse Securities Risk
Investments in inverse floaters, residual interest TOBs and similar instruments expose the Fund to the same risks as investments in fixed-income securities and derivatives, as well as other risks, including those associated with leverage and increased volatility. An investment in these securities typically will involve greater risk than an investment in a fixed rate security. Distributions on inverse floaters, residual interest TOBs and similar instruments will typically bear an inverse relationship to short-term interest rates and typically will be reduced or, potentially, eliminated as interest rates rise. Inverse floaters, residual interest TOBs and similar instruments will underperform the market for fixed rate securities in a rising interest rate environment. Inverse floaters may be considered to be leveraged to the extent that their interest rates vary by a magnitude that exceeds the magnitude of the change in a reference rate of interest (typically a short-term interest rate). The leverage inherent in inverse floaters is associated with greater volatility in their market values. Investments in inverse floaters, residual interest TOBs and similar instruments that have fixed-income securities underlying them will expose the Fund to the risks associated with those fixed-income securities and the values of those investments may be especially sensitive to changes in prepayment rates on the underlying fixed-income securities.
When-Issued, Forward Commitment and Delayed Delivery Transactions Risk
The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis (including on a forward commitment or “TBA” (to be announced) basis) and may purchase or sell securities for delayed delivery. When-issued and delayed delivery transactions occur when securities are purchased or sold by the Fund with payment and delivery taking place in the future to secure an advantageous yield or price. Securities purchased on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis may expose the Fund to counterparty risk of default as well as the risk that securities may experience fluctuations in value prior to their actual delivery. The Fund will not accrue income with respect to a when-issued or delayed delivery security prior to its stated delivery date. Purchasing securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis can involve the additional risk that the price or yield available in the market when the delivery takes place may not be as favorable as that obtained in the transaction itself.
Repurchase Agreements Risk
Subject to its investment objective and policies, the Fund may invest in repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements typically involve the acquisition by the Fund of fixed-income securities from a selling financial institution such as a bank, savings and loan association or broker-dealer. The agreement provides that the Fund will sell the securities back to the institution at a fixed time in the future. The Fund does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under its repurchase obligation. In the event of the bankruptcy or other default of a seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying securities and losses, including possible decline in the value of the underlying security during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto; possible lack of access to income on the underlying security during this period; and expenses of enforcing its rights. While repurchase agreements involve certain risks not associated with direct investments in fixed-income securities, the Fund follows procedures approved by the Board that are designed to minimize such risks. In addition, the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any
 
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accrued interest earned on the repurchase agreement. In the event of a default or bankruptcy by a selling financial institution, the Fund generally will seek to liquidate such collateral. However, the exercise of the Fund’s right to liquidate such collateral could involve certain costs or delays and, to the extent that proceeds from any sale upon a default of the obligation to repurchase were less than the repurchase price, the Fund could suffer a loss.
Securities Lending Risk
The Fund may lend securities to financial institutions. Securities lending involves exposure to certain risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees the Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), foreign exchange risk (i.e., the risk of a shortfall at default when a cash collateral investment is denominated in a currency other than the currency of the assets being loaned due to movements in foreign exchange rates), and credit, legal, counterparty and market risks (including the risk that market events, including but not limited to corporate actions, could lead the Fund to lend securities that are trading at a premium due to increased demand, or to recall loaned securities or to lend less or not at all, which could lead to reduced securities lending revenue). If the Fund were to lend securities that are subject to a corporate action and commit to the borrower a particular election as determined by the Advisor, the benefit the Fund would receive in respect of committing to such election may or may not be less than the benefit the Fund would have received from making a different election in such corporate action. If a securities lending counterparty were to default, the Fund would be subject to the risk of a possible delay in receiving collateral or in recovering the loaned securities, or to a possible loss of rights in the collateral. In the event a borrower does not return the Fund’s securities as agreed, the Fund may experience losses if the proceeds received from liquidating the collateral do not at least equal the value of the loaned security at the time the collateral is liquidated, plus the transaction costs incurred in purchasing replacement securities. This event could trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund. The Fund could lose money if its short-term investment of the collateral declines in value over the period of the loan. Substitute payments received by the Fund representing dividends paid on securities loaned out by the Fund will generally not be considered qualified dividend income. The securities lending agent will take into account the tax effects on shareholders caused by this difference in connection with the Fund’s securities lending program. Substitute payments received on tax‑exempt securities loaned out will generally not be tax‑exempt income.
Regulations adopted by global prudential regulators require certain bank-regulated counterparties and certain of their affiliates to include in certain financial contracts, including many securities lending agreements, terms that delay or restrict the rights of counterparties, such as the Fund, to terminate such agreements, foreclose upon collateral, exercise other default rights or restrict transfers of credit support in the event that the counterparty and/or its affiliates are subject to certain types of resolution or insolvency proceedings. It is possible that these new requirements, as well as potential additional government regulation and other developments in the market, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing securities lending agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Restricted and Illiquid Investments Risk
The Fund may invest without limitation in illiquid or less liquid investments or investments in which no secondary market is readily available or which are otherwise illiquid, including private placement securities. The Fund may not be able to readily dispose of such investments at prices that approximate those at which the Fund could sell such investments if they were more widely traded and, as a result of such illiquidity, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. Limited liquidity can also affect the market price of investments, thereby adversely affecting the Fund’s NAV and ability to make dividend distributions. The financial markets have in recent years experienced periods of extreme secondary market supply and demand imbalance, resulting in a loss of liquidity during which market prices were suddenly and substantially below traditional measures of intrinsic value. During such periods, some investments could be sold only at arbitrary prices and with substantial losses. Periods of such market dislocation may occur again at any time.
 
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Restricted securities are securities that may not be sold to the public without an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or that may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or pursuant to an exemption from registration. For example, Rule 144A under the Securities Act provides an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for the resale of certain restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers, such as the Fund. However, an insufficient number of qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing the Rule 144A-eligible securities that the Fund holds could affect adversely the marketability of certain Rule 144A securities, and the Fund might be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable prices. When registration is required to sell a security, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and considerable time may pass before the Fund is permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If adverse market conditions develop during this period, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than the price that prevailed when the Fund decided to sell. The Fund may be unable to sell restricted and other illiquid investments at opportune times or prices.
Equity Securities Risk
Stock markets are volatile, and the prices of equity securities fluctuate based on changes in a company’s financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. Although common stocks have historically generated higher average total returns than fixed income securities over the long-term, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in those returns and, in certain periods, have significantly under-performed relative to fixed income securities. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock held by the Fund. A common stock may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. The value of a particular common stock held by the Fund may decline for a number of other reasons that directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage, the issuer’s historical and prospective earnings, the value of its assets and reduced demand for its goods and services. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which the Fund has exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons, including changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuers occur. In addition, common stock prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates, as the cost of capital rises and borrowing costs increase. Common equity securities in which the Fund may invest are structurally subordinated to preferred stock, bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure in terms of priority to corporate income and are therefore inherently more risky than preferred stock or debt instruments of such issuers.
Convertible Securities Risk
The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non‑convertible securities of similar quality. As with all fixed income securities, the market values of convertible securities tend to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. However, when the market price of the common stock underlying a convertible security exceeds the conversion price, the convertible security tends to reflect the market price of the underlying common stock. As the market price of the underlying common stock declines, the convertible security tends to trade increasingly on a yield basis and thus may not decline in price to the same extent as the underlying common stock. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in an issuer’s capital structure and consequently entail less risk than the issuer’s common stock.
The Fund may invest in synthetic convertible securities, which are created through a combination of separate securities that possess the two principal characteristics of a traditional convertible security. A holder of a synthetic convertible security faces the risk of a decline in the price of the security or the level of the index involved in the convertible component, causing a decline in the value of the security or instrument, such as a call option or warrant, purchased to create the synthetic convertible security. Should the price of the stock fall below the exercise price and remain there throughout the exercise period, the entire amount paid for the call option or
 
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warrant would be lost. Because a synthetic convertible security includes the income-producing component as well, the holder of a synthetic convertible security also faces the risk that interest rates will rise, causing a decline in the value of the income-producing instrument. Synthetic convertible securities are also subject to the risks associated with derivatives.
The value of convertible securities is influenced by both the yield on nonconvertible securities of comparable issuers and by the value of the underlying common stock. The value of a convertible security viewed without regard to its conversion feature (i.e., strictly on the basis of its yield) is sometimes referred to as its “investment value.” To the extent interest rates change, the investment value of the convertible security typically will fluctuate. At the same time, however, the value of the convertible security will be influenced by its “conversion value,” which is the market value of the underlying common stock that would be obtained if the convertible security were converted. Conversion value fluctuates directly with the price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value of a convertible security is substantially below its investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. To the extent the conversion value of a convertible security increases to a point that approximates or exceeds its investment value, the price of the convertible security will be influenced principally by its conversion value. A convertible security will sell at a premium over the conversion value to the extent investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed income security. The yield and conversion premium of convertible securities issued in Japan and the Euromarket are frequently determined at levels that cause the conversion value to affect their market value more than the securities’ investment value.
Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in a charter provision, indenture or other governing instrument pursuant to which the convertible security was issued. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the security to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt security under certain circumstances.
The Fund may also invest in synthetic convertible securities. Synthetic convertible securities may include either Cash-Settled Convertibles or Manufactured Convertibles. “Cash-Settled Convertibles” are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a Cash-Settled Convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. “Manufactured Convertibles” are created by the Advisor or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e., fixed income (“fixed income component”) or a right to acquire equity securities (“convertibility component”). The fixed income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred stocks and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (“equity features”) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index.
A Manufactured Convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a Manufactured Convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total “market value” of such a Manufactured Convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed income component and its convertibility component.
 
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More flexibility is possible in the creation of a Manufactured Convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the Advisor may combine a fixed income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The Advisor may also combine a fixed income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the Advisor believes such a Manufactured Convertible would better promote the Fund’s investment objective than alternative investments. For example, the Advisor may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuer’s stock with a fixed income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Fund’s credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a Manufactured Convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A Manufactured Convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, “combined” to create a Manufactured Convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a Manufactured Convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions.
The value of a Manufactured Convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a Manufactured Convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the Manufactured Convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed income securities outperform Treasury instruments.
Investment Companies and ETFs Risk
Subject to the limitations set forth in the Investment Company Act and the Fund’s governing documents or as otherwise permitted by the SEC, the Fund may acquire shares in other affiliated and unaffiliated investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs. The market value of the shares of other investment companies may differ from their NAV. As an investor in investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs, the Fund would bear its ratable share of that entity’s expenses, including its investment advisory and administration fees, while continuing to pay its own advisory and administration fees and other expenses (to the extent not offset by the Advisor through waivers). As a result, shareholders will be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in other investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs (to the extent not offset by the Advisor through waivers).
The securities of other investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs, in which the Fund may invest may be leveraged. As a result, the Fund may be indirectly exposed to leverage through an investment in such securities. An investment in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs or BDCs, that use leverage may expose the Fund to higher volatility in the market value of such securities and the possibility that the Fund’s long-term returns on such securities (and, indirectly, the long-term returns of the Fund’s Shares) will be diminished.
The portfolios of ETFs are generally not actively managed and may be affected by a general decline in market segments relating to its index. An ETF typically invests in securities included in, or representative of, its index regardless of their investment merits and does not attempt to take defensive positions in declining markets.
Strategic Transactions and Derivatives Risk
The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts, enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps, caps, floors or collars, currency transactions such as currency forward contracts, currency futures contracts, currency swaps or options on currency or currency futures and swap contracts (including, but not limited to, credit default swaps index products, credit default swaps, total return swaps (sometimes referred to as “contracts for difference”) and interest rate swaps) and may purchase and sell exchange-listed and OTC put and call options
 
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on securities and swap contracts, financial indices and futures contracts and use other derivative instruments or management techniques (collectively, “Strategic Transactions”). The Fund may engage in various Strategic Transactions for duration management and other investment and risk management purposes, including to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio resulting from trends in the securities markets and changes in interest rates or to protect the Fund’s unrealized gains in the value of its portfolio securities, to facilitate the sale of portfolio securities for investment purposes, to establish a position in the securities markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing particular securities or to enhance income or gain. Derivatives are financial contracts or instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index (or relationship between two indices). The Fund also may use derivatives to add leverage to the portfolio and/or to hedge against increases in the Fund’s costs associated with any leverage strategy that it may employ. The use of Strategic Transactions to enhance current income may be particularly speculative.
Strategic Transactions involve risks. The risks associated with Strategic Transactions include (i) the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets, (ii) the possible default of the counterparty to the transaction, (iii) illiquidity of the derivative instruments, and (iv) high volatility losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited. Although both OTC and exchange-traded derivatives markets may experience a lack of liquidity, OTC non‑standardized derivative transactions are generally less liquid than exchange-traded instruments. The illiquidity of the derivatives markets may be due to various factors, including congestion, disorderly markets, limitations on deliverable supplies, the participation of speculators, government regulation and intervention, and technical and operational or system failures. In addition, daily limits on price fluctuations and speculative position limits on exchanges on which the Fund may conduct its transactions in derivative instruments may prevent prompt liquidation of positions, subjecting the Fund to the potential of greater losses. Furthermore, the Fund’s ability to successfully use Strategic Transactions depends on the Advisor’s ability to predict pertinent securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors, which cannot be assured. The use of Strategic Transactions may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may require the Fund to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount of appreciation the Fund can realize on an investment or may cause the Fund to hold a security that it might otherwise sell. Additionally, amounts paid by the Fund as premiums and cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to Strategic Transactions are not otherwise available to the Fund for investment purposes. Please see the Fund’s SAI for a more detailed description of Strategic Transactions and the various derivative instruments the Fund may use and the various risks associated with them.
Exchange-traded derivatives and OTC derivative transactions submitted for clearing through a central counterparty are also subject to minimum initial and variation margin requirements set by the relevant clearinghouse, as well as possible SEC‑ or CFTC-mandated margin requirements. The CFTC and federal banking regulators also have imposed margin requirements on non‑cleared OTC derivatives, and the SEC’s non‑cleared margin requirements for security-based swaps became effective on November 1, 2021. As applicable, margin requirements may increase the overall costs for the Fund.
Many OTC derivatives are valued on the basis of dealers’ pricing of these instruments. However, the price at which dealers value a particular derivative and the price that the same dealers would actually be willing to pay for such derivative should the Fund wish or be forced to sell such position may be materially different. Such differences can result in an overstatement of the Fund’s NAV and may materially adversely affect the Fund in situations in which the Fund is required to sell derivative instruments.
While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains. Hedges are sometimes subject to imperfect matching between the derivative and the underlying security, and there can be no assurances that the Fund’s hedging transactions will be effective.
Derivatives may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose the Fund to greater risk and increase its costs. Recent legislation calls for new regulation of the derivatives markets. The extent and impact of the regulation is
 
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not yet known and may not be known for some time. New regulation may make derivatives more costly, may limit the availability of derivatives, or may otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of derivatives.
Future regulatory developments may impact the Fund’s ability to invest or remain invested in certain derivatives. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. The Advisor cannot predict the effects of any new governmental regulation that may be implemented on the ability of the Fund to use swaps or any other financial derivatives product, and there can be no assurance that any new governmental regulation will not adversely affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Counterparty Risk
The Fund will be subject to credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the derivative contracts purchased by the Fund. Because derivative transactions in which the Fund may engage may involve instruments that are not traded on an Exchange (as defined herein) or cleared through a central counterparty but are instead traded between counterparties based on contractual relationships, the Fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not perform its obligations under the related contracts. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceedings. The Fund may obtain only a limited recovery, or may obtain no recovery, in such circumstances. Although the Fund intends to enter into transactions only with counterparties that the Advisor believes to be creditworthy, there can be no assurances that, as a result, a counterparty will not default and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction. In the event of the counterparty’s bankruptcy or insolvency, the Fund’s collateral may be subject to the conflicting claims of the counterparty’s creditors, and the Fund may be exposed to the risk of a court treating the Fund as a general unsecured creditor of the counterparty, rather than as the owner of the collateral. While the Fund may seek to manage its counterparty risk by transacting with a number of counterparties, concerns about the solvency of, or a default by, one large market participant could lead to significant impairment of liquidity and other adverse consequences for other counterparties.
The counterparty risk for cleared derivatives is generally lower than for uncleared OTC derivative transactions since generally a clearing organization becomes substituted for each counterparty to a cleared derivative contract and, in effect, guarantees the parties’ performance under the contract as each party to a trade looks only to the clearing organization for performance of financial obligations under the derivative contract. However, there can be no assurances that a clearing organization, or its members, will satisfy its obligations to the Fund, or that the Fund would be able to recover the full amount of assets deposited on its behalf with the clearing organization in the event of the default by the clearing organization or the Fund’s clearing broker. In addition, cleared derivative transactions benefit from daily marking‑to‑market and settlement, and segregation and minimum capital requirements applicable to intermediaries. Uncleared OTC derivative transactions generally do not benefit from such protections. This exposes the Fund to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with its terms and conditions because of a dispute over the terms of the contract (whether or not bona fide) or because of a credit or liquidity problem, thus causing the Fund to suffer a loss. Such “counterparty risk” is accentuated for contracts with longer maturities where events may intervene to prevent settlement, or where the Fund has concentrated its transactions with a single or small group of counterparties.
Financial services companies, including those that serve as counterparties to the Fund, may be adversely affected by, among other things: (i) changes in governmental regulation, which may limit both the amounts and the types of loans and other financial commitments financial services companies can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain; (ii) fluctuations, including as a result of interest rate changes or increased competition, in the availability and cost of capital funds on which the profitability of financial services companies is largely dependent; (iii) deterioration of the credit markets; (iv) credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers, especially when financial services companies are exposed to non‑diversified or concentrated loan portfolios; (v) financial losses associated with investment activities, especially when financial services companies are exposed to financial
 
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leverage; (vi) the risk that any financial services company experiences substantial declines in the valuations of its assets, takes action to raise capital, or ceases operations; (vii) the risk that a market shock or other unexpected market, economic, political, regulatory, or other event might lead to a sudden decline in the values of most or all companies in the financial services sector; and (viii) the interconnectedness or interdependence among financial services companies, including the risk that the financial distress or failure of one financial services company may materially and adversely affect a number of other financial services companies.
In addition, the Fund is subject to the risk that issuers of the instruments in which it invests and trades may default on their obligations under those instruments, and that certain events may occur that have an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of those instruments. There can be no assurances that an issuer of an instrument in which the Fund invests will not default, or that an event that has an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of an instrument will not occur, and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction as a result.
Swaps Risk
Swaps are a type of derivative. Swap agreements involve the risk that the party with which the Fund has entered into the swap will default on its obligation to pay the Fund and the risk that the Fund will not be able to meet its obligations to pay the other party to the agreement. To seek to hedge the value of the Fund’s portfolio, to hedge against increases in the Fund’s cost associated with interest payments on any outstanding borrowings or to increase the Fund’s return, the Fund may enter into swaps, including interest rate swap, total return swap (sometimes referred to as a “contract for difference”) and/or credit default swap transactions. In interest rate swap transactions, there is a risk that yields will move in the direction opposite of the direction anticipated by the Fund, which would cause the Fund to make payments to its counterparty in the transaction that could adversely affect Fund performance. In addition to the risks applicable to swaps generally (including counterparty risk, high volatility, liquidity risk and credit risk), credit default swap transactions involve special risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty).
Historically, swap transactions have been individually negotiated non‑standardized transactions entered into in OTC markets and have not been subject to the same type of government regulation as exchange-traded instruments. However, since the global financial crisis, the OTC derivatives markets have become subject to comprehensive statutes and regulations. In particular, in the United States, the Dodd-Frank Act requires that certain derivatives with U.S. persons must be executed on a regulated market and a substantial portion of OTC derivatives must be submitted for clearing to regulated clearinghouses. As a result, swap transactions entered into by the Fund may become subject to various requirements applicable to swaps under the Dodd-Frank Act, including clearing, exchange-execution, reporting and recordkeeping requirements, which may make it more difficult and costly for the Fund to enter into swap transactions and may also render certain strategies in which the Fund might otherwise engage impossible or so costly that they will no longer be economical to implement. Furthermore, the number of counterparties that may be willing to enter into swap transactions with the Fund may also be limited if the swap transactions with the Fund are subject to the swap regulation under the Dodd-Frank Act.
Credit default and total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Fund’s portfolio because, in addition to its Managed Assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Total return swap agreements are subject to the risk that a counterparty will default on its payment obligations to the Fund thereunder. The Fund is not required to enter into swap transactions for hedging purposes or to enhance income or gain and may choose not to do so. In addition, the swaps market is subject to a changing regulatory environment. It is possible that regulatory or other developments in the swaps market could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to successfully use swaps.
 
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Short Sales Risk
Short-selling involves selling securities which may or may not be owned and borrowing the same securities for delivery to the purchaser, with an obligation to replace the borrowed securities at a later date. If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund replaces the borrowed security, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss will be increased, by the transaction costs incurred by the Fund, including the costs associated with providing collateral to the broker-dealer (usually cash and liquid securities) and the maintenance of collateral with its custodian. Although the Fund’s gain is limited to the price at which it sold the security short, its potential loss is theoretically unlimited.
Short-selling necessarily involves certain additional risks. However, if the short seller does not own the securities sold short (an uncovered short sale), the borrowed securities must be replaced by securities purchased at market prices in order to close out the short position, and any appreciation in the price of the borrowed securities would result in a loss. Uncovered short sales expose the Fund to the risk of uncapped losses until a position can be closed out due to the lack of an upper limit on the price to which a security may rise. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can itself cause the price of the securities to rise further, thereby exacerbating the loss. There is the risk that the securities borrowed by the Fund in connection with a short-sale must be returned to the securities lender on short notice. If a request for return of borrowed securities occurs at a time when other short-sellers of the security are receiving similar requests, a “short squeeze” can occur, and the Fund may be compelled to replace borrowed securities previously sold short with purchases on the open market at the most disadvantageous time, possibly at prices significantly in excess of the proceeds received at the time the securities were originally sold short.
In September 2008, in response to spreading turmoil in the financial markets, the SEC temporarily banned short selling in the stocks of numerous financial services companies, and also promulgated new disclosure requirements with respect to short positions held by investment managers. The SEC’s temporary ban on short selling of such stocks has since expired, but should similar restrictions and/or additional disclosure requirements be promulgated, especially if market turmoil occurs, the Fund may be forced to cover short positions more quickly than otherwise intended and may suffer losses as a result. Such restrictions may also adversely affect the ability of the Fund to execute its investment strategies generally. The SEC has subsequently adopted amendments to Regulation SHO under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that restrict the ability to engage in a short sale at a price that is less than or equal to the current best bid if the price of the covered security has decreased by 10% or more from the covered security’s closing price as of the end of the prior day.
Economic Sector and Geographic Risk
The Fund, as a fundamental policy, may not invest 25% or more of the value of its Managed Assets in any one industry. However, this limitation does not apply to securities of the U.S. Government, any state government or their respective agencies, or instrumentalities and securities backed by the credit of any federal or state governmental entity. As such, the Fund may invest 25% or more of its Managed Assets in municipal obligations of issuers in the same state (or U.S. Territory) or in municipal obligations in the same economic sector, including without limitation the following: lease rental obligations of state and local authorities; obligations dependent on annual appropriations by a state’s legislature for payment; obligations of state and local housing finance authorities, municipal utilities systems or public housing authorities; obligations of hospitals or life care facilities; and industrial development or pollution control bonds issued for electrical utility systems, steel companies, paper companies or other purposes. This may make the Fund more susceptible to adverse economic, political or regulatory occurrences affecting a particular state or economic sector. For example, health care related issuers are susceptible to Medicare, Medicaid and other third party payor reimbursement policies, and national and state health care legislation. As concentration increases, so does the potential for fluctuation in the NAV of the Shares.
 
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Risks Associated with Recent Market Events
While interest rates have been historically low in recent years in the United States and abroad, inflation rates have recently risen significantly and the Federal Reserve and other central banks have recently begun raising interest rates to address inflation which, among other factors, has led to markets experiencing high volatility. A significant increase in interest rates may cause a further decline in the market for equity securities and could lead to a recession. Further, regulators have expressed concern that rate increases may contribute to price volatility. The impact of inflation and the recent actions of the Federal Reserve have led to market volatility and may negatively affect the value of debt instruments held by the Fund and result in a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. See “Risks—Inflation Risk.”
Political and diplomatic events within the United States, including a contentious domestic political environment, changes in political party control of one or more branches of the U.S. government, the U.S. government’s inability at times to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan, the threat of a U.S. government shutdown, and disagreements over, or threats not to increase, the U.S. government’s borrowing limit (or “debt ceiling”), as well as political and diplomatic events abroad, may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. A downgrade of the ratings of U.S. government debt obligations, or concerns about the U.S. government’s credit quality in general, could have a substantial negative effect on the U.S. and global economies. For example, concerns about the U.S. government’s credit quality may cause increased volatility in the stock and bond markets, higher interest rates, reduced prices and liquidity of U.S. Treasury securities, and/or increased costs of various kinds of debt. Moreover, although the U.S. government has honored its credit obligations, there remains a possibility that the United States could default on its obligations. The consequences of such an unprecedented event are impossible to predict, but it is likely that a default by the United States would be highly disruptive to the U.S. and global securities markets and could significantly impair the value of the Fund’s investments.
In recent years, some countries, including the United States, have adopted and/or are considering the adoption of more protectionist trade policies. A rise in protectionist trade policies, and the possibility of changes to some international trade agreements, could affect the economies of many nations in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. In addition, geopolitical and other risks, including environmental and public health risks, may add to instability in world economies and markets generally. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to countries experiencing economic, political and/or financial difficulties, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by such events.
An outbreak of an infectious coronavirus (COVID‑19) that was first detected in December 2019 developed into a global pandemic that has resulted in numerous disruptions in the market and has had significant economic impact leaving general concern and uncertainty. Although vaccines have been developed and approved for use by various governments, the duration of the pandemic and its effects cannot be predicted with certainty. The impact of this coronavirus, and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies and the market in general ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time.
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk
The occurrence of events similar to those in recent years, such as the aftermath of the war in Iraq, instability in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Russia, Ukraine and the Middle East, international war or conflict (including the Israel-Hamas war), new and ongoing epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases and other global health events, natural/environmental disasters, terrorist attacks in the United States and around the world, social and political discord, debt crises (such as the Greek crisis), sovereign debt downgrades, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, increasingly strained relations between the United States and a number of foreign countries, including historical adversaries, such as North Korea, Iran, China and Russia, and the international community
 
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generally, new and continued political unrest in various countries, such as Venezuela and Spain, the exit or potential exit of one or more countries from the EU or the EMU, and continued changes in the balance of political power among and within the branches of the U.S. government, among others, may result in market volatility, may have long term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause further economic uncertainties in the United States and worldwide.
Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The extent and duration of the military action, resulting sanctions and resulting future market disruptions, including declines in its stock markets and the value of the ruble against the U.S. dollar, in the region are impossible to predict, but could be significant. Any such disruptions caused by Russian military action or other actions (including cyberattacks and espionage) or resulting actual and threatened responses to such activity, including purchasing and financing restrictions, boycotts or changes in consumer or purchaser preferences, sanctions, tariffs or cyberattacks on the Russian government, Russian companies or Russian individuals, including politicians, could have a severe adverse effect on Russia and the European region, including significant negative impacts on the Russian economy, the European economy and the markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas, and may likely have collateral impacts on such sectors globally as well as other sectors. How long such military action and related events will last cannot be predicted.
China and the United States have each imposed tariffs on the other country’s products. These actions may cause a significant reduction in international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on the Fund’s performance. U.S. companies that source material and goods from China and those that make large amounts of sales in China would be particularly vulnerable to an escalation of trade tensions. Uncertainty regarding the outcome of the trade tensions and the potential for a trade war could cause the U.S. dollar to decline against safe haven currencies, such as the Japanese yen and the euro. Events such as these and their consequences are difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or other escalating actions may be taken in the future.
On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom (“UK”) officially withdrew from the EU (commonly known as “Brexit”). The UK and EU reached a preliminary trade agreement, which became effective on January 1, 2021, regarding the terms of their future trading relationship relating principally to the trading of goods; however, negotiations are ongoing for matters not covered by the trade agreement, such as the trade of financial services. Due to uncertainty of the current political environment, it is not possible to foresee the form or nature of the future trading relationship between the UK and the EU. The longer term economic, legal, political and social framework to be put in place between the UK and the EU remains unclear and the ongoing political and economic uncertainty and periods of exacerbated volatility in both the UK and in wider European markets may continue for some time. In particular, Brexit may lead to a call for similar referendums in other European jurisdictions which may cause increased economic volatility in the European and global markets and may destabilize some or all of the other EU member countries. This uncertainty may have an adverse effect on the economy generally and on the ability of the Fund and its investments to execute their respective strategies, to receive attractive returns and/or to exit certain investments at an advantageous time or price. In particular, currency volatility may mean that the returns of the Fund and its investments are adversely affected by market movements and may make it more difficult, or more expensive, if the Fund elects to execute currency hedges. Potential decline in the value of the British Pound and/or the Euro against other currencies, along with the potential downgrading of the UK’s sovereign credit rating, may also have an impact on the performance of portfolio companies or investments located in the UK or Europe. In light of the above, no definitive assessment can currently be made regarding the impact that Brexit will have on the Fund, its investments or its organization more generally.
Cybersecurity incidents affecting particular companies or industries may adversely affect the economies of particular countries, regions or parts of the world in which the Fund invests.
 
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The occurrence of any of these above events could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund does not know how long the securities markets may be affected by similar events and cannot predict the effects of similar events in the future on the U.S. economy and securities markets. There can be no assurance that similar events and other market disruptions will not have other material and adverse implications.
Regulation and Government Intervention Risk
Federal, state, and other governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations may take actions that affect the regulation of the issuers in which the Fund invests in ways that are unforeseeable. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund is regulated. Such legislation or regulation could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
In light of popular, political and judicial focus on finance related consumer protection, financial institution practices are also subject to greater scrutiny and criticism generally. In the case of transactions between financial institutions and the general public, there may be a greater tendency toward strict interpretation of terms and legal rights in favor of the consuming public, particularly where there is a real or perceived disparity in risk allocation and/or where consumers are perceived as not having had an opportunity to exercise informed consent to the transaction. In the event of conflicting interests between retail investors holding common shares of a closed‑end investment company such as the Fund and a large financial institution, a court may similarly seek to strictly interpret terms and legal rights in favor of retail investors.
The Fund may be affected by governmental action in ways that are not foreseeable, and there is a possibility that such actions could have a significant adverse effect on the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.
Investment Company Act Regulations. The Fund is a registered closed‑end investment company and as such is subject to regulations under the Investment Company Act. Generally speaking, any contract or provision thereof that is made, or where performance involves a violation of the Investment Company Act or any rule or regulation thereunder is unenforceable by either party unless a court finds otherwise.
Inflation Risk
Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investment will be worth less in the future, as inflation decreases the value of money. Inflation rates may change frequently and drastically as a result of various factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy. As inflation increases, the real value of the Shares and distributions on those shares can decline. In addition, during any periods of rising inflation, interest rates on any borrowings by the Fund would likely increase, which would tend to further reduce returns to the holders of Shares.
Deflation Risk
Deflation risk is the risk that prices throughout the economy decline over time, which may have an adverse effect on the market valuation of companies, their assets and their revenues. In addition, deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer default more likely, which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Regulation as a “Commodity Pool”
The CFTC subjects advisers to registered investment companies to regulation by the CFTC if a fund that is advised by the investment adviser either (i) invests, directly or indirectly, more than a prescribed level of its liquidation value in CFTC-regulated futures, options and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”), or (ii) markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. To the extent the Fund uses CFTC Derivatives, it intends to do so below such prescribed levels and will not market itself as a “commodity pool” or a vehicle for trading such
 
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instruments. Accordingly, the Advisor has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Advisor is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA in respect of the Fund.
Failures of Futures Commission Merchants and Clearing Organizations Risk
The Fund is required to deposit funds to margin open positions in cleared derivative instruments (both futures and swaps) with a clearing broker registered as a “futures commission merchant” (“FCM”). The CEA requires an FCM to segregate all funds received from customers with respect to any orders for the purchase or sale of U.S. domestic futures contracts and cleared swaps from the FCM’s proprietary assets. Similarly, the CEA requires each FCM to hold in a separate secure account all funds received from customers with respect to any orders for the purchase or sale of foreign futures contracts and segregate any such funds from the funds received with respect to domestic futures contracts. However, all funds and other property received by an FCM from its customers are held by an FCM on a commingled basis in an omnibus account and amounts in excess of assets posted to the clearing organization may be invested by an FCM in certain instruments permitted under the applicable regulation. There is a risk that assets deposited by the Fund with any FCM as margin for futures contracts or commodity options may, in certain circumstances, be used to satisfy losses of other clients of the Fund’s FCM. In addition, the assets of the Fund posted as margin against both swaps and futures contracts may not be fully protected in the event of the FCM’s bankruptcy.
Legal, Tax and Regulatory Risks
Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may materially adversely affect the Fund.
To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally accorded to RICs, the Fund must, among other things, derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from certain prescribed sources and distribute for each taxable year at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income” (generally, ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss). If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a RIC, all of its taxable income for that year (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.
The Trump presidential administration has called for significant changes to U.S. fiscal, tax, trade, healthcare, immigration, foreign, and government regulatory policy. In this regard, there is significant uncertainty with respect to legislation, regulation and government policy at the federal level, as well as the state and local levels. Recent events have created a climate of heightened uncertainty and introduced new and difficult‑to‑quantify macroeconomic and political risks with potentially far‑reaching implications. There has been a corresponding meaningful increase in the uncertainty surrounding interest rates, inflation, foreign exchange rates, trade volumes and fiscal and monetary policy. To the extent the U.S. Congress or the current presidential administration implements changes to U.S. policy, those changes may impact, among other things, the U.S. and global economy, international trade and relations, unemployment, immigration, corporate taxes, healthcare, the U.S. regulatory environment, inflation and other areas. Although the Fund cannot predict the impact, if any, of these changes to the Fund’s business, they could adversely affect the Fund’s business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. Until the Fund knows what policy changes are made and how those changes impact the Fund’s business and the business of the Fund’s competitors over the long term, the Fund will not know if, overall, the Fund will benefit from them or be negatively affected by them.
The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department. Revisions in U.S. federal tax laws and interpretations of these laws could adversely affect the tax consequences of your investment.
 
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Investment Dilution Risk
The Fund’s investors do not have preemptive rights to any Shares the Fund may issue in the future. After an investor purchases Shares, the Fund may sell additional Shares or other classes of Shares in the future or issue equity interests in private offerings. To the extent the Fund issues additional equity interests after an investor purchases its Shares, such investor’s percentage ownership interest in the Fund will be diluted.
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Advisor and Others
The investment activities of BlackRock, the ultimate parent company of the Advisor, and its Affiliates, in the management of, or their interest in, their own accounts and other accounts they manage, may present conflicts of interest that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders. BlackRock and its Affiliates provide investment management services to other funds and discretionary managed accounts that may follow investment programs similar to that of the Fund. Subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act, BlackRock and its Affiliates intend to engage in such activities and may receive compensation from third parties for their services. None of BlackRock or its Affiliates are under any obligation to share any investment opportunity, idea or strategy with the Fund. As a result, BlackRock and its Affiliates may compete with the Fund for appropriate investment opportunities. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of an Affiliate or another account managed by an Affiliate and it is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which one or more Affiliates and other accounts achieve profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. BlackRock has adopted policies and procedures designed to address potential conflicts of interest. For additional information about potential conflicts of interest and the way in which BlackRock addresses such conflicts, please see “Conflicts of Interest” and “Management of the Fund—Portfolio Management—Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” in the SAI.
Reference Rate Replacement Risk
The Fund may be exposed to financial instruments that recently transitioned from, or continue to be tied to, LIBOR to determine payment obligations, financing terms, hedging strategies or investment value.
The United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, has ceased publishing all LIBOR settings. In April 2023, however, the FCA announced that some USD LIBOR settings will continue to be published under a synthetic methodology until September 30, 2024 for certain legacy contracts. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement (“repo”) market and has been used increasingly on a voluntary basis in new instruments and transactions. Under U.S. regulations that implement a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR, benchmark rates based on SOFR have replaced LIBOR in certain financial contracts.
Neither the effect of the LIBOR transition process nor its ultimate success can yet be known. While some existing LIBOR-based instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate-setting methodology, there may be significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of any such alternative methodologies to replicate LIBOR. Not all existing LIBOR-based instruments may have alternative rate-setting provisions and there remains uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of issuers to add alternative rate-setting provisions in certain existing instruments. Parties to contracts, securities or other instruments using LIBOR may disagree on transition rates or the application of transition regulation, potentially resulting in uncertainty of performance and the possibility of litigation. The Fund may have instruments linked to other interbank offered rates that may also cease to be published in the future.
Market and Selection Risk
Market risk is the possibility that the market values of securities and other assets owned by the Fund will decline. There is a risk that equity and/or bond markets will go down in value, including the possibility that such markets will go down sharply and unpredictably.
 
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Stock markets are volatile, and the price of equity securities fluctuates based on changes in a company’s financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. Local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issue, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund and its investments. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock held by the Fund. Also, the price of common stocks is sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which the Fund has exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons, including changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuers occur.
The prices of fixed-income securities tend to fall as interest rates rise, and such declines tend to be greater among fixed-income securities with longer maturities. Market risk is often greater among certain types of fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds that do not make regular interest payments but are instead bought at a discount to their face values and paid in full upon maturity. As interest rates change, these securities often fluctuate more in price than securities that make regular interest payments and therefore subject the Fund to greater market risk than a fund that does not own these types of securities.
When-issued and delayed delivery transactions are subject to changes in market conditions from the time of the commitment until settlement, which may adversely affect the prices or yields of the securities being purchased. The greater the Fund’s outstanding commitments for these securities, the greater the Fund’s exposure to market price fluctuations.
Selection risk is the risk that the securities that the Fund’s management selects will underperform the equity and/or bond market, the market relevant indices or other funds with similar investment objective and investment strategies.
Defensive Investing Risk
For defensive purposes, the Fund may allocate assets into cash or short-term fixed-income securities without limitation. In doing so, the Fund may succeed in avoiding losses but may otherwise fail to achieve its investment objective. Further, the value of short-term fixed-income securities may be affected by changing interest rates and by changes in credit ratings of the investments. If the Fund holds cash uninvested it will be subject to the credit risk of the depository institution holding the cash.
Decision-Making Authority Risk
Investors have no authority to make decisions or to exercise business discretion on behalf of the Fund, except as set forth in the Fund’s Charter and its Bylaws (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as its “governing documents”). The authority for all such decisions is generally delegated to the Board, which in turn, has delegated the day‑to‑day management of the Fund’s investment activities to the Advisor, subject to oversight by the Board.
Management Risk
The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment portfolio. The Advisor and the individual portfolio managers will apply investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these will produce the desired results. The Fund may be subject to a relatively high level of management risk because the Fund may invest in derivative instruments, which may be highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with equities and bonds.
Valuation Risk
The Fund is subject to valuation risk, which is the risk that one or more of the securities in which the Fund invests are valued at prices that the Fund is unable to obtain upon sale due to factors such as incomplete data,
 
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market instability or human error. The Advisor may use an independent pricing service or prices provided by dealers to value securities at their market value. Because the secondary markets for certain investments may be limited, such instruments may be difficult to value. See “Net Asset Value.” When market quotations are not available, the Advisor may price such investments pursuant to a number of methodologies, such as computer-based analytical modeling or individual security evaluations. These methodologies generate approximations of market values, and there may be significant professional disagreement about the best methodology for a particular type of financial instrument or different methodologies that might be used under different circumstances. In the absence of an actual market transaction, reliance on such methodologies is essential, but may introduce significant variances in the ultimate valuation of the Fund’s investments. Technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers may also impact the Fund’s ability to value its investments and the calculation of the Fund’s NAV.
When market quotations are not readily available or are believed by the Advisor to be unreliable, the Advisor will fair value the Fund’s investments in accordance with its policies and procedures. Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of an asset or liability. The fair value of an asset or liability held by the Fund is the amount the Fund might reasonably expect to receive from the current sale of that asset or the cost to extinguish that liability in an arm’s‑length transaction. Fair value pricing may require determinations that are inherently subjective and inexact about the value of a security or other asset. As a result, there can be no assurance that fair value priced assets will not result in future adjustments to the prices of securities or other assets, or that fair value pricing will reflect a price that the Fund is able to obtain upon sale, and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security or other asset will be materially different from quoted or published prices, from the prices used by others for the same security or other asset and/or from the value that actually could be or is realized upon the sale of that security or other asset. For example, the Fund’s NAV could be adversely affected if the Fund’s determinations regarding the fair value of the Fund’s investments were materially higher than the values that the Fund ultimately realizes upon the disposal of such investments. Where market quotations are not readily available, valuation may require more research than for more liquid investments. In addition, elements of judgment may play a greater role in valuation in such cases than for investments with a more active secondary market because there is less reliable objective data available.
The Fund’s NAV per common share is a critical component in several operational matters including computation of advisory and services fees. Consequently, variance in the valuation of the Fund’s investments will impact, positively or negatively, the fees and expenses shareholders will pay.
Reliance on the Advisor Risk
The Fund is dependent upon services and resources provided by the Advisor, and therefore the Advisor’s parent, BlackRock. The Advisor is not required to devote its full time to the business of the Fund and there is no guarantee or requirement that any investment professional or other employee of the Advisor will allocate a substantial portion of his or her time to the Fund. The loss of one or more individuals involved with the Advisor could have a material adverse effect on the performance or the continued operation of the Fund. For additional information on the Advisor and BlackRock, see “Management of the Fund—The Advisor.”
Reliance on Service Providers Risk
The Fund must rely upon the performance of service providers to perform certain functions, which may include functions that are integral to the Fund’s operations and financial performance. Failure by any service provider to carry out its obligations to the Fund in accordance with the terms of its appointment, to exercise due care and skill or to perform its obligations to the Fund at all as a result of insolvency, bankruptcy or other causes could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s performance and returns to shareholders. The termination of the Fund’s relationship with any service provider, or any delay in appointing a replacement for such service provider, could materially disrupt the business of the Fund and could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s performance and returns to shareholders.
 
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Information Technology Systems Risk
The Fund is dependent on the Advisor for certain management services as well as back-office functions. The Advisor depends on information technology systems in order to assess investment opportunities, strategies and markets and to monitor and control risks for the Fund. It is possible that a failure of some kind which causes disruptions to these information technology systems could materially limit the Advisor’s ability to adequately assess and adjust investments, formulate strategies and provide adequate risk control. Any such information technology-related difficulty could harm the performance of the Fund. Further, failure of the back-office functions of the Advisor to process trades in a timely fashion could prejudice the investment performance of the Fund.
Cyber Security Risk
With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber-attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial‑of‑service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber security failures or breaches by the Advisor and other service providers (including, but not limited to, fund accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators), and the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, impediments to trading, the inability of shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any cyber incidents in the future. While the Fund has established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, such cyber-attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund and issuers in which the Fund invests. As a result, the Fund or its shareholders could be negatively impacted.
Misconduct of Employees and of Service Providers Risk
Misconduct or misrepresentations by employees of the Advisor or the Fund’s service providers could cause significant losses to the Fund. Employee misconduct may include binding the Fund to transactions that exceed authorized limits or present unacceptable risks and unauthorized trading activities, concealing unsuccessful trading activities (which, in any case, may result in unknown and unmanaged risks or losses) or making misrepresentations regarding any of the foregoing. Losses could also result from actions by the Fund’s service providers, including, without limitation, failing to recognize trades and misappropriating assets. In addition, employees and service providers may improperly use or disclose confidential information, which could result in litigation or serious financial harm, including limiting the Fund’s business prospects or future marketing activities. Despite the Advisor’s due diligence efforts, misconduct and intentional misrepresentations may be undetected or not fully comprehended, thereby potentially undermining the Advisor’s due diligence efforts. As a result, no assurances can be given that the due diligence performed by the Advisor will identify or prevent any such misconduct.
Operational Risk
The Fund is exposed to operational risks arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human errors, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate internal or external processes, and technology or systems failures. The use of certain investment strategies that involve manual or additional processing, such as over‑the‑counter derivatives,
 
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increases these risks. While service providers are required to have appropriate operational risk management policies and procedures, their methods of operational risk management may differ from those of the Fund in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. The Fund and the Advisor seek to reduce these operational risks through controls, procedures and oversight. However, it is not possible to identify all of the operational risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls that completely eliminate or mitigate the occurrence or effects of such failures. The Fund, including its performance and continued operation, and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
Portfolio Turnover Risk
The Fund’s annual portfolio turnover rate may vary greatly from year to year, as well as within a given year. Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in the execution of investment decisions for the Fund. A higher portfolio turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by the Fund. High portfolio turnover may result in an increased realization of net short-term capital gains by the Fund which, when distributed to common shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. Additionally, in a declining market, portfolio turnover may create realized capital losses.
Anti-Takeover Provisions Risk
The Fund’s Charter and Bylaws include provisions that could limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or convert the Fund to open‑end status or to change the composition of the Board. Such provisions could limit the ability of shareholders to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. See “Certain Provisions in the Charter and the Bylaws.”
 
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HOW THE FUND MANAGES RISK
Investment Limitations
The Fund has adopted certain investment limitations designed to limit investment risk. Some of these limitations are fundamental and thus may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares. See “Investment Objective and Policies—Investment Restrictions” in the SAI.
Unless otherwise expressly stated in this prospectus or the SAI, or otherwise required by applicable law, the restrictions and other limitations set forth throughout this prospectus and in the SAI apply only at the time of purchase of securities and will not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of the acquisition of securities.
Management of Investment Portfolio and Capital Structure to Limit Leverage Risk
The Fund may take certain actions if short-term interest rates increase or market conditions otherwise change (or the Fund anticipates such an increase or change) and any leverage the Fund may have outstanding begins (or is expected) to adversely affect common shareholders. In order to attempt to offset such a negative impact of any outstanding leverage on common shareholders, the Fund may shorten the average maturity of its investment portfolio (by investing in short-term securities) or may reduce any indebtedness that it may have incurred. As explained above under “Risks—Leverage Risk,” the success of any such attempt to limit leverage risk depends on the Advisor’s ability to accurately predict interest rate or other market changes. Because of the difficulty of making such predictions, the Fund may never attempt to manage its capital structure in the manner described in this paragraph.
If market conditions suggest that employing leverage, or employing additional leverage if the Fund already has outstanding leverage, would be beneficial, the Fund may enter into one or more credit facilities, increase any existing credit facilities, sell Preferred Shares or engage in additional leverage transactions, subject to the restrictions of the Investment Company Act.
Strategic Transactions
The Fund may use certain Strategic Transactions designed to limit the risk of price fluctuations of securities and to preserve capital. These Strategic Transactions include using swaps, financial futures contracts, options on financial futures or options based on either an index of long-term securities, or on securities whose prices, in the opinion of the Advisor, correlate with the prices of the Fund’s investments. There can be no assurances that Strategic Transactions will be used or used effectively to limit risk, and Strategic Transactions may be subject to their own risks.
 
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MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Directors and Officers
The Board is responsible for the overall management of the Fund. There are currently ten Directors, eight of whom are Independent Directors. The name and business address of the Directors and officers of the Fund and their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years are set forth under “Management of the Fund” in the SAI. References to the “Board” or the “Board of Directors” refer to the Board of Directors of the Fund.
The Advisor
The Advisor is responsible for the management of the Fund’s portfolio and provides the necessary personnel, facilities, equipment and certain other services necessary to the operation of the Fund. The Advisor, located at 100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, is wholly owned subsidiary of BlackRock.
BlackRock is a leading publicly traded investment management firm with $11.6 trillion of assets under management at December 31, 2024. BlackRock provides a broad range of investment and technology services to institutional and retail clients worldwide. BlackRock has over 30 years of experience managing closed‑end products and, as of December 31, 2024, advised a registered closed‑end family of 51 traded and 4 non‑traded active funds with approximately $47 billion in assets.
BlackRock is independent in ownership and governance, with no single majority shareholder and a majority of independent directors.
Investment Philosophy
BlackRock’s investment decision-making process for the municipal security sector is subject to the same discipline, oversight and investment philosophy that the firm applies to other sectors of the fixed-income market.
BlackRock uses a relative value strategy that evaluates the trade‑off between risk and return to seek to achieve the Fund’s investment objective. This strategy is combined with disciplined risk control techniques and applied in sector, sub‑sector and individual security selection decisions. BlackRock’s extensive personnel and technology resources are the key drivers of the investment philosophy.
Portfolio Managers
Information regarding the portfolio managers of the Fund is set forth below. Further information regarding the portfolio managers, including other accounts managed, compensation, ownership of Fund shares, and possible conflicts of interest, is available in the Fund’s SAI.
The Fund is managed by a team of investment professionals comprised of Patrick Haskell, Ryan McDonald, CFA, Walter O’Connor, CFA, Kevin Maloney, CFA and Phillip Soccio, CFA. Each is a member of BlackRock’s municipal tax‑exempt management group. Each is jointly responsible for the day‑to‑day management of the Fund’s portfolio, which includes setting the Fund’s overall investment strategy, overseeing the management of the Fund and selection of its investments. Messrs. O’Connor, Maloney and Soccio have been members of the Fund’s portfolio management team since 2023. Messrs. Haskell and McDonald became members of the Fund’s portfolio management team effective as of March 24, 2025.
 
 Portfolio Manager
 
Title and Recent Biography
Patrick Haskell   Managing Director of Blackrock since 2023; Managing Director of Morgan Stanley from 2009 to 2023.
Ryan McDonald, CFA   Managing Director of BlackRock since 2023; Director of BlackRock from 2017 to 2023.
Walter O’Connor, CFA   Managing Director of BlackRock since 2006.
Kevin Maloney, CFA   Director of BlackRock since 2021; Vice President of BlackRock from 2018 to 2020.
Phillip Soccio, CFA   Director of BlackRock since 2009.
 
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Investment Management Agreement
Pursuant to an amended and restated investment management agreement between the Advisor and the Fund (the “Investment Management Agreement”), the Fund has agreed to pay the Advisor a monthly management fee at an annual rate equal to 0.90% of the Fund’s net assets. Prior to March 24, 2025, the Fund was party to an investment management agreement with the Advisor (the “Prior Investment Management Agreement”) pursuant to which the Fund paid the Advisor an annual fee, payable monthly, in an amount equal to 0.55% of the average daily value of the Fund’s Managed Assets.
Fee Waiver Agreement. Pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement between the Fund and the Advisor, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the management fee with respect to any portion of the Fund’s assets attributable to investments in any equity and fixed-income mutual funds and exchange-traded funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates that have a contractual fee, through June 30, 2026. In addition, pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has contractually agreed to waive its management fees by the amount of investment advisory fees the Fund pays to the Advisor indirectly through its investment in money market funds managed by the Advisor or its affiliates, through June 30, 2026. Pursuant to the Fee Waiver Agreement, the Advisor has also contractually agreed to waive 0.04% of Other Expenses through June 30, 2026. The Fee Waiver Agreement may be continued from year to year thereafter, provided that such continuance is specifically approved by the Advisor and the Fund (including by a majority of the Fund’s Independent Directors). Neither the Advisor nor the Fund is obligated to extend the Fee Waiver Agreement. The Fee Waiver Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, only by the Fund (upon the vote of a majority of the Independent Directors or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund), upon 90 days’ written notice by the Fund to the Advisor.
A discussion regarding the basis for the approval of the Investment Management Agreement by the Board will be available in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report to shareholders for the fiscal period ending January 31, 2025. A discussion regarding the basis for the approval of the Prior Investment Management Agreement by the Board is available in the Fund’s Annual Report to shareholders for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2024.
In addition to the fees paid to the Advisor, the Fund pays all other costs and expenses of its operations, including distribution fees pursuant to the Distribution and Servicing Plan, compensation of its Directors (other than those affiliated with the Advisor), custodian expenses, leveraging expenses, transfer and dividend disbursing agent expenses, Sub‑Transfer Agency Expenses, legal fees, rating agency fees, listing fees and expenses, expenses of independent auditors, expenses of repurchasing shares, expenses of preparing, printing and distributing shareholder reports, notices, proxy statements and reports to governmental agencies and taxes, if any.
 
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NET ASSET VALUE
The NAV of the Shares of an applicable class of the Fund will be computed based upon the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities and other assets. The NAV per Share of an applicable class will be determined as of the close of the regular trading session on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each business day on which the NYSE is open for trading. The Fund calculates NAV per Share of an applicable class by subtracting the Fund’s liabilities (including accrued expenses, dividends payable and any borrowings of the Fund), and the liquidation value of any outstanding Preferred Shares of the Fund from the Fund’s total assets (the value of the securities the Fund holds plus cash or other assets, including interest accrued but not yet received) and dividing the result by the total number of Shares of the Fund outstanding.
As discussed in further detail herein, although the Fund will determine its NAV daily, such NAV is subject to valuation risk.
Valuation of assets held by the Fund is as follows:
Fixed-Income Investments. Fixed-income securities for which market quotations are readily available are generally valued using such securities’ current market value. The Fund values fixed-income portfolio securities using the last available bid prices or current market quotations provided by dealers or prices (including evaluated prices) supplied by the Fund’s approved independent third-party pricing services, each in accordance with the Advisor’s policies and procedures (the “Valuation Procedures”). The pricing services may use matrix pricing or valuation models that utilize certain inputs and assumptions to derive values, including transaction data (e.g., recent representative bids and offers), credit quality information, perceived market movements, news, and other relevant information and by other methods, which may include consideration of: yields or prices of securities of comparable quality, coupon, maturity and type; indications as to values from dealers; general market conditions; and/or other factors and assumptions. Pricing services generally value fixed-income securities assuming orderly transactions of an institutional round lot size, but the Fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller, odd lot sizes. Odd lots may trade at lower prices than institutional round lots. The amortized cost method of valuation may be used with respect to debt obligations with 60 days or less remaining to maturity unless such method does not represent fair value. Certain fixed-income investments including asset-backed and mortgage-related securities may be valued based on valuation models that consider the estimated cash flows of each tranche of the issuer, establish a benchmark yield and develop an estimated tranche specific spread to the benchmark yield based on the unique attributes of the tranche.
Options, Futures, Swaps and Other Derivatives. Exchange-traded equity options for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the mean of the last bid and ask prices as quoted on the exchange or the board of trade on which such options are traded. In the event that there is no mean price available for an exchange traded equity option held by the Fund on a day on which the Fund values such option, the last bid (long positions) or ask (short positions) price, if available, will be used as the value of such option. If no bid or ask price is available on a day on which the Fund values such option, the prior day’s price will be used, unless the Advisors determine that such prior day’s price no longer reflects the fair value of the option in which case such option will be treated as a fair value asset. OTC derivatives may be valued using a mathematical model which may incorporate a number of market data factors. Financial futures contracts and options thereon, which are traded on exchanges, are valued at their last sale price or settle price as of the close of such exchanges. Swap agreements and other derivatives are generally valued daily based upon quotations from market makers or by a pricing service in accordance with the Valuation Procedures.
Equity Investments. Equity securities traded on a recognized securities exchange (e.g., NYSE), on separate trading boards of a securities exchange or through a market system that provides contemporaneous transaction pricing information (each, an “Exchange”) are valued using information obtained via independent pricing services generally at the Exchange closing price or if an Exchange closing price is not available, the last traded price on that Exchange prior to the time as of which the assets or liabilities are valued. However, under certain circumstances, other means of determining current market value may be used. If an equity security is traded on
 
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more than one Exchange, the current market value of the security where it is primarily traded generally will be used. In the event that there are no sales involving an equity security held by the Fund on a day on which the Fund values such security, the last bid (long positions) or ask (short positions) price, if available, will be used as the value of such security. If the Fund holds both long and short positions in the same security, the last bid price will be applied to securities held long and the last ask price will be applied to securities sold short. If no bid or ask price is available on a day on which the Fund values such security, the prior day’s price will be used, unless the Advisor determines that such prior day’s price no longer reflects the fair value of the security, in which case such asset would be treated as a Fair Value Asset (as defined below).
Underlying Funds. Shares of underlying open‑end funds (including money market funds) are valued at NAV. Shares of underlying exchange-traded closed‑end funds and ETFs will be valued at their most recent closing price.
General Valuation Information. In determining the market value of portfolio investments, the Fund may employ independent third-party pricing services, which may use, without limitation, a matrix or formula method that takes into consideration market indexes, matrices, yield curves and other specified inputs and assumptions. This may result in the assets being valued at a price different from the price that would have been determined had the matrix or formula method not been used. The price the Fund could receive upon the sale of any particular portfolio investment may differ from the Fund’s valuation of the investment, particularly for assets that trade in thin or volatile markets or that are valued using a fair valuation methodology or a price provided by an independent pricing service. As a result, the price received upon the sale of an investment may be less than the value ascribed by the Fund, and the Fund could realize a greater than expected loss or lesser than expected gain upon the sale of the investment. The Fund’s ability to value its investments may also be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers.
All cash, receivables and current payables are carried on the Fund’s books at their fair value.
Prices obtained from independent third party pricing services, broker-dealers or market makers to value the Fund’s securities and other assets and liabilities are based on information available at the time the Fund values its assets and liabilities. In the event that a pricing service quotation is revised or updated subsequent to the day on which the Fund valued such security, the revised pricing service quotation generally will be applied prospectively. Such determination will be made considering pertinent facts and circumstances surrounding the revision.
In the event that application of the methods of valuation discussed above result in a price for a security which is deemed not to be representative of the fair market value of such security, the security will be valued by, under the direction of or in accordance with a method approved by the Advisor, the Fund’s valuation designee, as reflecting fair value. All other assets and liabilities (including securities for which market quotations are not readily available) held by the Fund (including restricted securities) are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Advisor pursuant to the Valuation Procedures. Any assets and liabilities which are denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing market rates. As a result, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. International markets are sometimes open on days when U.S. markets are closed, which means that the value of foreign securities owned by the Fund could change on days when Fund shares cannot be bought or sold. The value of investments traded in markets outside the U.S. or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the NYSE is closed, and the NAV of the Fund’s shares may change on days when an investor is not able to purchase shares or have their shares repurchased by the Fund. The calculation of the Fund’s NAV may not take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of foreign securities used in NAV calculations.
Fair Value. When market quotations are not readily available or are believed by the Advisor to be unreliable, the Fund’s investments are valued at fair value (“Fair Value Assets”). Fair Value Assets are valued by the Advisor in accordance with the Valuation Procedures. Pursuant to Rule 2a‑5 under the Investment Company Act, the Board
 
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has designated the Advisor as the valuation designee for the Fund. The Advisor may reasonably conclude that a market quotation is not readily available or is unreliable if, among other things, a security or other asset or liability does not have a price source due to its complete lack of trading, if the Advisor believes a market quotation from a broker-dealer or other source is unreliable (e.g., where it varies significantly from a recent trade, or no longer reflects the fair value of the security or other asset or liability subsequent to the most recent market quotation), or where the security or other asset or liability is only thinly traded or due to the occurrence of a significant event subsequent to the most recent market quotation. For this purpose, a “significant event” is deemed to occur if the Advisor determines, in its reasonable business judgment, that an event that has occurred after the close of trading for an asset or liability but prior to or at the time of pricing the Fund’s assets or liabilities, is likely to cause a material change to the last exchange closing price or closing market price of one or more assets or liabilities held by the Fund. On any day the NYSE is open and a foreign market or the primary exchange on which a foreign asset or liability is traded is closed, such asset or liability will be valued using the prior day’s price, provided that the Advisor is not aware of any significant event or other information that would cause such price to no longer reflect the fair value of the asset or liability, in which case such asset or liability would be treated as a Fair Value Asset. For certain foreign assets, a third-party vendor supplies evaluated, systematic fair value pricing based upon the movement of a proprietary multi-factor model after the relevant foreign markets have closed. This systematic fair value pricing methodology is designed to correlate the prices of foreign assets following the close of the local markets to the price that might have prevailed as of the Fund’s pricing time.
The Advisor’s Rule 2a‑5 Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving methodologies by investment type and significant inputs used in the fair valuation of Fund assets or liabilities. In addition, the Fund’s accounting agent assists the Advisor by periodically endeavoring to confirm the prices it receives from all third-party pricing services, index providers and broker-dealers. The Advisor regularly evaluates the values assigned to the securities and other assets and liabilities of the Fund.
When determining the price for a Fair Value Asset, the Advisor will seek to determine the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive from the current sale of that asset or liability in an arm’s‑length transaction on the date on which the asset or liability is being valued and does not seek to determine the price the Fund might reasonably expect to receive for selling an asset or liability at a later time or if it holds the asset or liability to maturity. Fair value determinations will be based upon all available factors that the Advisor deems relevant at the time of the determination, and may be based on analytical values determined by the Advisor using proprietary or third-party valuation models. Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of an asset or liability. When determining the fair value of an investment, one or more fair value methodologies may be used (depending on certain factors, including the asset type). For example, the investment may be initially priced based on the original cost of the investment or, alternatively, using proprietary or third-party models that may rely upon one or more unobservable inputs. Prices of actual, executed or historical transactions in the relevant investment (or comparable instruments) or, where appropriate, an appraisal by a third-party experienced in the valuation of similar instruments, may also be used as a basis for establishing the fair value of an investment.
The fair value of one or more assets or liabilities may not, in retrospect, be the price at which those assets or liabilities could have been sold during the period in which the particular fair values were used in determining the Fund’s NAV. As a result, the Fund’s sale or repurchase of its shares at NAV, at a time when a holding or holdings are valued at fair value, may have the effect of diluting or increasing the economic interest of existing shareholders.
The Fund’s annual audited financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”), follow the requirements for valuation set forth in Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), which defines and establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework for measuring fair value under US GAAP and expands financial statement disclosure requirements relating to fair value measurements.
 
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The three-level hierarchy for fair value measurement is defined as follows:
 
   
Level 1 - Unadjusted price quotations in active markets/exchanges for identical assets or liabilities that the Fund has the ability to access
 
   
Level 2 - Other observable inputs (including, but not limited to, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in markets that are active, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities (such as interest rates, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks and default rates) or other market-corroborated inputs)
 
   
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs based on the best information available in the circumstances, to the extent observable inputs are not available (including the Fund’s own assumptions used in determining the fair value of investments and derivative financial instruments)
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investment’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the overall fair value measurement. The Advisor’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and consideration of factors specific to the investment.
The Fund expects that it will hold a high proportion of Level 3 investments relative to its total investments, which is directly related to the Fund’s investment philosophy and target portfolio.
Generally, ASC 820 and other accounting rules applicable to funds and various assets in which they invest are evolving and subject to change. Such changes may adversely affect the Fund. For example, the evolution of rules governing the determination of the fair market value of assets or liabilities, to the extent such rules become more stringent, would tend to increase the cost and/or reduce the availability of third-party determinations of fair market value. This may in turn increase the costs associated with selling assets or affect their liquidity due to the Fund’s inability to obtain a third-party determination of fair market value.
The Advisor and its affiliates act as investment advisers to other clients that may invest in securities for which no public market price exists. Valuation determinations by the Advisor or its affiliates for other clients may result in different values than those ascribed to the same security owned by the Fund. Consequently, the fees charged to the Fund may be different than those charged to other clients, given that the method of calculating the fees takes the value of all assets, including assets carried at different valuations, into consideration.
The Fund reserves the right to reprocess purchase or repurchase transactions that were initially processed at an NAV that is subsequently adjusted and to recover amounts from (or distribute amounts to) shareholders accordingly based on the adjusted NAV. There are various scenarios in which the Fund may reprocess a purchase or repurchase transaction, including, but not limited to, a material NAV error resulting from incorrect or late pricing of a security or to effect an as‑of trade. In these instances, all transactions occurring subsequent to an incorrect NAV are reprocessed with the corrected NAV through the current date.
Suspension of Calculation of Net Asset Value. There may be circumstances where it may not be practicable to determine the Fund’s NAV, including, but not limited to any period in which the NYSE is closed other than weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the rules of the SEC, when trading on the NYSE is restricted or during an emergency which makes it impracticable for the Fund to dispose of its securities or to determine fairly the value of its net assets, or during any other period as permitted by the SEC for the protection of investors. In such circumstances, calculation of the Fund’s NAV may be suspended. The Fund will not accept subscriptions for Shares if the calculation of NAV is suspended and such suspension may require the suspension or postponement of a pending or scheduled repurchase offer by the Fund. Notwithstanding a suspension of the calculation of
 
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NAV, the Fund will be required to determine the value of its assets and report NAV in its semi-annual and annual reports to shareholders, and in its reports on Form N‑PORT filed with the SEC. Calculation of the Fund’s NAV will resume after the Advisor, in its discretion, determines that conditions no longer require suspension of the calculation of NAV.
 
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DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund declares distributions on a monthly basis. The Fund distributes all or a portion of its net investment income to common shareholders. The Fund will pay common shareholders at least annually all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income. The Fund may also pay one or more additional quarterly distributions of all or a portion of undistributed net investment income, if any. Distributions may also include net realized capital gains. The Fund pays any capital gains distributions at least annually. The Investment Company Act generally limits the Fund to one capital gain distribution per year, except for certain permitted distributions related to the Fund’s qualification as a RIC. In addition, the Fund may pay a special distribution at the end of the calendar year to comply with applicable law.
The portion of distributions that exceeds the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, which are calculated under tax principles, will constitute a non‑taxable return of capital. If distributions in any tax year are less than the Fund’s current earnings and profits but are in excess of net investment income and net realized capital gains, such excess is not treated as a non‑taxable return of capital but rather may be taxable to shareholders at ordinary income rates even though it may economically represent a return of capital.
Various factors will affect the level of the Fund’s income, including the asset mix, the average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio and the Fund’s use of hedging. To permit the Fund to maintain more stable monthly distributions, the Fund may from time to time distribute more or less than the entire amount of income earned in a particular period. Any undistributed income would be available to supplement future distributions. As a result, the distributions paid by the Fund for any particular monthly period may be more or less than the amount of income actually earned by the Fund during that period. Undistributed income will add to the Fund’s NAV and, correspondingly, distributions from undistributed income will deduct from the Fund’s NAV.
Under normal market conditions, the Advisor will seek to manage the Fund in a manner such that the Fund’s distributions are reflective of the Fund’s current and projected earnings levels. The distribution level of the Fund is subject to change based upon a number of factors, including the current and projected level of the Fund’s earnings, and may fluctuate over time.
If a shareholder’s Shares are accepted for repurchase in a quarterly repurchase offer, upon payment for such repurchased Shares, such repurchased Shares will no longer be considered outstanding and therefore will no longer be entitled to receive distributions from the Fund.
The Fund reserves the right to change its distribution policy and the basis for establishing the rate of its monthly distribution declarations at any time and may do so without prior notice to common shareholders.
Shareholders will automatically have all dividends and distributions reinvested in Shares of the Fund issued by the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan unless an election is made to receive cash. See “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
 
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DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
Pursuant to the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan (the “Reinvestment Plan”), registered shareholders will have all dividends, including any capital gain dividends, reinvested automatically in additional Shares of the Fund by BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (the “Reinvestment Plan Agent”), unless the shareholder elects to receive cash. Shareholders who elect not to participate in the Reinvestment Plan will receive all dividends in cash paid directly to the shareholder of record (or, if the Shares are held through banks, brokers or other nominee name, then to such banks, brokers or other nominee) by BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., as dividend disbursing agent. You may elect not to participate in the Reinvestment Plan and to receive all dividends in cash by contacting your bank, broker or other nominee who holds your Shares or if your Shares are held directly by the Fund, by contacting the Reinvestment Plan Agent, at the address set forth below. Participation in the Reinvestment Plan is completely voluntary and may be terminated or resumed at any time without penalty by written notice if received and processed by the Reinvestment Plan Agent prior to the dividend record date. Additionally, the Reinvestment Plan Agent seeks to process notices received after the record date but prior to the payable date and such notices often will become effective by the payable date. Where late notices are not processed by the applicable payable date, such termination or resumption will be effective with respect to any subsequently declared dividend.
In the case of record shareholders such as banks, brokers or other nominees that hold Shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the Reinvestment Plan Agent will administer the Reinvestment Plan on the basis of the number of Shares certified from time to time by the record shareholder as representing the total amount registered in such shareholder’s name and held for the account of beneficial owners who are to participate in the Reinvestment Plan. Shareholders whose Shares are held in the name of a bank, broker or other nominee should contact the bank, broker or other nominee for details. Such shareholders may not be able to transfer their shares to another bank, broker or other nominee and continue to participate in the Reinvestment Plan.
The number of newly issued Shares to be credited to each participant’s account will be determined by dividing the dollar amount of the dividend by the NAV per Share on the reinvestment date; there is no sales or other charge for reinvestment.
The Reinvestment Plan Agent’s fees for the handling of the reinvestment of dividends will be paid by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Reinvestment Plan. There is no direct service charge to participants with regard to newly issued Shares in the Reinvestment Plan. Notice of amendments to the Reinvestment Plan will be sent to participants.
All correspondence concerning the Reinvestment Plan should be directed to the Reinvestment Plan Agent, in writing to: BlackRock Funds, C/O BNY Mellon Investment Servicing, PO Box 534429, Pittsburgh, PA 15253‑4429.
Overnight correspondence should be directed to the Reinvestment Plan Agent at: BlackRock Funds, C/O BNY Mellon Investment Servicing, 500 Ross Street 154‑0520, Pittsburgh, PA 15262.
The Reinvestment Plan Agent provides common shareholders whose Shares are registered in his or her own name, periodic shareholder account statements reflecting transactions that occurred during the period, including dividend reinvestment transactions for Reinvestment Plan participants. Any proxy you receive will include all Shares you have received under the Reinvestment Plan.
Automatically reinvested dividends and distributions are taxed in the same manner as cash dividends and distributions therefore reinvestment of dividends will not relieve participants of any federal, state or local income tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on such dividends. See “Tax Matters.”
The Fund and the Reinvestment Plan Agent reserve the right to amend or terminate the Reinvestment Plan.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
Shares of Stock
The Fund is formed as a Maryland corporation pursuant to its Charter and governed by the laws of State of Maryland. The Fund’s Charter provides that the Directors may classify and reclassify any unissued shares of capital stock into one or more additional or other classes or series as may be established from time to time by setting or changing in any one or more respects the designations, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of such shares of stock and pursuant to such classification or reclassification to increase or decrease the number of authorized shares of any existing class or series provided, however, that the total amount of shares of all classes or series may not exceed 200,000,000, the total number of shares of capital stock authorized in the Charter.
The Fund has received exemptive relief from the SEC to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However, the minimum investment amounts, sales loads, if applicable, and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class may be different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fund Fees and Expenses.” The details of each class of Shares are set forth in “Plan of Distribution.”
There is currently no market for the Shares, and the Fund does not expect that a market for the Shares will develop in the foreseeable future.
Any additional offerings of classes of Shares will require approval by the Board. Any additional offering of classes of Shares will also be subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act, which provides that such Shares may not be issued at a price below the then current NAV, exclusive of the sales load, except in connection with an offering to existing holders of Shares or with the consent of a majority of the Fund’s common shareholders.
The following table shows the amounts of Shares that have been authorized and outstanding as of March 24, 2025:
 
Title of Class
   Amount
 Authorized 
   Amount Held
by the Fund or
 for its Account 
   Amount Outstanding
Exclusive of Amount
Held by the Fund or for
   its Account   
 
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share
   200,000,000    None      200,000,000  
Institutional Shares
   140,000,000    None      140,000,000  
Class A Shares
   30,000,000    None      30,000,000  
Class U Shares
   30,000,000    None      30,000,000  
Common Shares
Common shareholders of the Fund are entitled to share pro rata in dividends declared by the Fund’s Board as payable to holders of the Fund’s Shares and in the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to holders of the Shares. Common shareholders do not have preemptive or conversion rights and the Fund’s Shares are not redeemable. Voting rights are substantially identical for the common shareholders of the Fund. Common shareholders of the Fund are entitled to one vote for each Share held by them and do not have any preemptive or preferential right to purchase or subscribe to any Shares of the Fund. The Fund’s Shares do not have cumulative voting rights, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the Fund’s Shares voting for the election of Directors can elect all of the Directors standing for election by such holders, and, in such event, the holders of the Fund’s remaining Shares will not be able to elect any Directors. The outstanding Fund Shares are fully paid and
 
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non‑assessable, except that the Board of the Fund has the power to cause common shareholders to pay certain expenses of the Fund by setting off charges due from common shareholders from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed the common shareholders and/or by reducing the number of Shares owned by each respective common shareholder. If and whenever Preferred Shares are outstanding, the Fund may not declare a dividend or distribution to common shareholders (other than a distribution paid in shares of, or in options, warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase, common shares or other shares, if any, ranking junior to the Preferred Shares of the Fund) or call for redemption, redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any Shares (except by conversion into or exchange for shares of the Fund ranking junior to the Preferred Shares) unless all accumulated dividends on Preferred Shares have been paid and the Fund has redeemed the full number of any Preferred Shares required to be redeemed, and unless asset coverage (as defined in the Investment Company Act) with respect to Preferred Shares at the time of declaration of such dividend or distribution or at the time of such purchase would be at least 200% after giving effect to the dividend or distribution or purchase price. See “—Preferred Shares” below. The Fund will send annual and semi-annual reports, including financial statements, to all holders of its shares.
Although an investment in any class of Shares represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund, the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each share class are different, resulting in different NAVs and distributions for each class of Shares. See “Plan of Distribution.”
Unlike open‑end funds, the Fund does not provide daily redemptions, and unlike traditional closed‑end funds, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and an investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed‑end fund, should be considered illiquid. You should not purchase the Shares if you intend to sell them soon after purchase. An investment in the Shares is not suitable for investors who need access to the money they invest. See “Periodic Repurchase Offers” below.
Preferred Shares
In the event the Fund issues Preferred Shares, it is anticipated that such Preferred Shares will be issued in one or more series, with rights as determined by the Board, by action of the Board without the approval of the holders of Shares. Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is permitted to have outstanding more than one series of Preferred Shares so long as no single series has a priority over another series as to the distribution of assets of the Fund or the payment of dividends. Holders of Shares will have no preemptive right to purchase any shares of Preferred Shares that might be issued. It is anticipated that the NAV per share of any Preferred Shares to be issued by the Fund will equal its original purchase price per share plus accumulated dividends per share. The Fund does not currently intend to issue Preferred Shares. Prior to September 27, 2024, the Fund leveraged its assets through the issuance of VRDP Shares. The VRDP Shares were redeemed in connection with the Conversion.
Under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue Preferred Shares unless immediately after such issuance the value of the Fund’s total assets is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding Preferred Shares (i.e., the liquidation value may not exceed 50% of the Fund’s total assets). In addition, the Fund is not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its common shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the value of the Fund’s total assets is at least 200% of such liquidation value. If the Fund issues Preferred Shares, it may be subject to restrictions imposed by guidelines of one or more rating agencies that may issue ratings for Preferred Shares issued by the Fund. These guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent than those imposed on the Fund by the Investment Company Act. It is not anticipated that these covenants or guidelines would impede the Advisor from managing the Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective and policies.
Although the terms of any Preferred Shares that the Fund might issue in the future, including dividend rate, liquidation preference and redemption provisions, will be determined by the Board, subject to applicable law and the Declaration of Trust, it is likely that any such Preferred Shares issued would be structured to carry a relatively short-term dividend rate reflecting interest rates on short-term debt securities, by providing for the periodic redetermination of the dividend rate at relatively short intervals through a fixed spread or remarketing procedure,
 
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subject to a maximum rate which would increase over time in the event of an extended period of unsuccessful remarketing. The Fund also believes that it is likely that the liquidation preference, voting rights and redemption provisions of any such Preferred Shares would be similar to those stated below.
Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, the holders of Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive a preferential liquidating distribution, which would be expected to equal the original purchase price per preferred share plus accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not declared, before any distribution of assets is made to holders of Shares. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled, the holders of Preferred Shares would not be entitled to any further participation in any distribution of assets by the Fund.
Voting Rights. The Investment Company Act requires that the holders of any Preferred Shares, voting separately as a single class, have the right to elect at least two Fund Trustees at all times. The remaining Fund Trustees will be elected by holders of Shares and Preferred Shares, voting together as a single class. In addition, subject to the prior rights, if any, of the holders of any other class of senior securities outstanding, the holders of any Preferred Shares have the right to elect a majority of the Fund Trustees at any time two years’ dividends on any Preferred Shares are unpaid. The Investment Company Act also requires that, in addition to any approval by shareholders that might otherwise be required, the approval of the holders of a majority of any outstanding Preferred Shares, voting separately as a class, would be required to (1) adopt any plan of reorganization that would adversely affect the Preferred Shares, and (2) take any action requiring a vote of security holders under Section 13(a) of the Investment Company Act, including, among other things, changes in the Fund’s sub‑classification as a closed‑end investment company or changes in its fundamental investment restrictions. See “Certain Provisions in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws.” As a result of these voting rights, the Fund’s ability to take any such actions may be impeded to the extent that there are any Preferred Shares outstanding. The Board presently intends that, except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus and except as otherwise required by applicable law, holders of any Preferred Shares will have equal voting rights with holders of Shares (one vote per share, unless otherwise required by the Investment Company Act) and will vote together with holders of Shares as a single class.
The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of any outstanding Preferred Shares, voting as a separate class, would be required to amend, alter or repeal any of the preferences, rights or powers of holders of Preferred Shares so as to affect materially and adversely such preferences, rights or powers, or to increase or decrease the authorized number of Preferred Shares. The class vote of holders of Preferred Shares described above would in each case be in addition to any other vote required to authorize the action in question.
Redemption, Purchase and Sale of Preferred Shares by the Fund. The terms of any Preferred Shares are expected to provide that (1) they are redeemable by the Fund in whole or in part at the original purchase price per share plus accrued dividends per share, (2) the Fund may tender for or purchase Preferred Shares and (3) the Fund may subsequently resell any shares so tendered for or purchased. Any redemption or purchase of Preferred Shares by the Fund would reduce the leverage applicable to the Shares, while any resale of the Shares by the Fund would increase that leverage.
Liquidity Feature. Preferred shares may include a liquidity feature that allows holders of Preferred Shares to have their shares purchased by a liquidity provider in the event that sell orders have not been matched with purchase orders and successfully settled in a remarketing. The Fund will pay a fee to the provider of this liquidity feature, which would be borne by common shareholders of the Fund. The terms of such liquidity feature may require the Fund to redeem Preferred Shares still owned by the liquidity provider following a certain period of continuous, unsuccessful remarketing, which may adversely impact the Fund.
The discussion above describes the possible offering of Preferred Shares by the Fund. If the Board determines to proceed with such an offering, the terms of the Preferred Shares may be the same as, or different from, the terms described above, subject to applicable law and the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust. The Board, without the approval of the holders of Shares, may authorize an offering of Preferred Shares or may determine not to authorize such an offering, and may fix the terms of the Preferred Shares to be offered.
 
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CERTAIN PROVISIONS IN THE CHARTER AND BYLAWS
The Fund’s Charter includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board. This could have the effect of depriving shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control over the Fund. Such attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and disrupting the normal operation of the Fund. The Fund does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders, except to the extent required by the Investment Company Act.
Certain Provisions in the Charter of the Fund
A Director elected by the holders of capital stock may be removed with or without cause, but only by action taken by holders of at least 66 2/3% of the shares entitled to vote in an election to fill that directorship.
The Fund’s Charter provides that a favorable vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to be voted on the matter shall be required to approve, adopt or authorize (i) a merger or consolidation or statutory share exchange of the Fund with any other corporation, (ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Fund (other than in the regular course of its investment activities), or (iii) a liquidation or dissolution of the Fund, unless such action has previously been approved, adopted or authorized by the affirmative vote of at least two‑thirds of the Fund’s Directors, in which case the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Fund entitled to vote thereon shall be required.
If any plan of reorganization (as such term is used under the Investment Company Act) adversely affects the Fund’s preferred shares, if any, then such plan of reorganization will require the approval of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities,” as defined in the Investment Company Act (a “1940 Act Majority”) of the holders of such preferred shares.
With respect to the Fund, Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors, as documented pursuant to the filing of articles supplementary, and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to a provision requiring that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Pursuant to Subtitle 8 and by amendment to the bylaws, the Board of the Fund elected to provide that vacancies on the Board be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred.
The Board of the Fund has determined that the voting requirements described above are in the best interests of shareholders generally. Reference should be made to the Charter of the Fund on file with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
Certain Provisions in the Bylaws of the Fund
The Fund’s Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) generally require that advance notice be given to the Fund in the event a shareholder desires to nominate a person for election to the Board or to transact any other business at a special meeting of shareholders. Notice of any such nomination or business must be delivered to or received at the principal executive offices of the Fund not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the special meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the special meeting was made, whichever first occurs. Any notice by a shareholder must be accompanied by certain information as provided in the Bylaws. Reference should be made to the Bylaws on file with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
 
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CLOSED‑END FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund is a diversified, closed‑end management investment company (commonly referred to as a closed‑end fund). Closed‑end funds differ from open‑end funds (which are generally referred to as mutual funds) in that closed‑end funds do not redeem their shares at the request of the shareholder. This means that if you wish to sell your shares of a closed‑end fund you must trade them on the stock exchange (if the closed‑end fund’s shares are listed on an exchange) like any other stock at the prevailing market price at that time. In a mutual fund, if the shareholder wishes to sell shares of the fund, the mutual fund will redeem or buy back the shares at NAV.
Also, mutual funds generally offer new shares on a continuous basis to new investors and closed‑end funds generally do not. The continuous inflows and outflows of assets in a mutual fund can make it difficult to manage the fund’s investments. By comparison, closed‑end funds are generally able to stay more fully invested in securities that are consistent with their investment objectives and also have greater flexibility to make certain types of investments and to use certain investment strategies, such as financial leverage and investments in illiquid securities.
Unlike traditional listed closed‑end funds which list their common shares for trading on a securities exchange, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange. Notwithstanding that the Fund conducts periodic repurchase offers, investors should not expect to be able to sell their Shares when and/or in the amount desired, regardless of how the Fund performs. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and an investment in the Shares, unlike an investment in a traditional listed closed‑end fund, should be considered illiquid. Investors should consider that they may not have access to the money they invest. An investment in the Shares is not suitable for investors who need access to the money they invest and investors should provide for adequate liquidity outside of their investment in the Fund to meet their foreseeable liquidity needs. Before making an investment decision, an investor and/or its adviser should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to its investment objectives and personal situation and (ii) consider factors such as its personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance, and liquidity needs. Short-term investors and investors who cannot bear the loss of some or all of their investment and/or the risks associated with a lack of liquidity should not invest in the Fund.
Although the Fund’s shareholders will have no right to redeem their Shares, the Fund conducts periodic repurchase offers as described below under “Periodic Repurchase Offers.” The Fund may also, from time to time, consider taking other corporate actions that the Board determines to be in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders. Depending on the circumstances, economic and market conditions, and the availability of suitable options and alternatives, these actions could include, for example, a sale of all or substantially all of the Fund’s assets either on a complete portfolio basis or individually followed by a liquidation, a merger of the Fund with another investment company, or converting the Fund into an open‑end fund. The Fund would consider a variety of factors in determining whether to pursue a corporate action such as any of the foregoing, including shareholder feedback, the composition of the Fund’s portfolio, portfolio performance, the Fund’s financial condition, internal management considerations, existing economic and market conditions, the nature of available options and sales and repurchase trends with respect to the Shares. There can be no assurance that any such corporate action, even if considered, will be pursued or determined to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. In addition, certain of these corporate actions would require the approval of the Fund’s shareholders.
 
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PERIODIC REPURCHASE OFFERS
No Right of Redemption
No shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to redeem its Shares. No public market exists for the Shares, and none is expected to develop. Consequently, investors will not be able to liquidate their investment other than as a result of repurchases of Shares by the Fund, as described below.
Repurchase Offers
The Fund is an “interval fund,” a type of fund which, in order to provide liquidity to shareholders, has adopted a fundamental investment policy to make quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c‑3 of the Investment Company Act, reduced by any applicable repurchase fee.
Once each quarter, the Fund will offer to repurchase at NAV, less any repurchase fee, no less than 5% and no more than 25% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements (as discussed below). The offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the Investment Company Act). Shareholders will be notified in writing of each quarterly repurchase offer and the date the repurchase offer ends (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”). The NAV per share of repurchased Shares will be determined as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on a day to be determined but no later than the 14th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline, or the next business day if the 14th day is not a business day (each a “Repurchase Pricing Date”).
Determination of Repurchase Offer Amount
The Board, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the “Repurchase Offer Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will not be less than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Board has approved the following quarterly repurchase offer amounts of outstanding Shares at NAV for the Fund’s quarterly repurchase offers through the end of 2026: 25% for the repurchase offer commencing in the third quarter of 2025; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the fourth quarter of 2025; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the first quarter of 2026; 15% for the repurchase offer commencing in the second quarter of 2026; 7.5% for the repurchase offer commencing in the third quarter of 2026; and 7.5% for the repurchase offer commencing in the fourth quarter of 2026. For quarterly repurchase offers commencing in 2027, subject to applicable law and approval of the Board, the Fund currently expects to offer to repurchase at least 7.5% of outstanding Shares at NAV.
Notice to Shareholders
No less than 21 calendar days and no more than 42 calendar days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will send to each shareholder of record and to each beneficial owner of the shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”). The Shareholder Notification will contain information shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender their Shares for repurchase. The Shareholder Notification also will include the procedures on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer Amount and identify the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the date by which the Fund will pay to shareholders the repurchase proceeds (the “Repurchase Payment Deadline”). The Shareholder Notification also will set forth the NAV that has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification date. The Repurchase Request Deadline will be strictly observed. If a shareholder fails to submit a repurchase request in good order by the Repurchase Request Deadline, the shareholder will be unable to liquidate Shares until a subsequent repurchase offer, and will have to resubmit a repurchase request in the next
 
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repurchase offer. Shareholders may withdraw or change a Repurchase Request with a proper instruction submitted in good form at any point before the Repurchase Request Deadline.
Repurchase Price
The repurchase price of the Shares will be the Fund’s NAV of the applicable class as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing Date. During the period the offer to repurchase is open, shareholders may obtain the current NAV by calling (800) 882‑0052. The notice of the repurchase offer also will provide information concerning the NAV, such as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the shareholder’s address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the date the payment is to be made, which will be no more than seven calendar days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of Shares that are consistent with the Investment Company Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
There is no minimum number of Shares that must be tendered before the Fund will honor repurchase requests. If shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required to, repurchase an additional number of Shares not to exceed 2% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if shareholders tender Shares in an amount exceeding the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase the Shares on a pro rata basis, provided, that the Fund may accept all Shares tendered by persons who own, in the aggregate, fewer than 100 Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating Shares tendered by others. Affiliates of the Fund may own Shares and determine to participate in the Fund’s repurchase offers, which may contribute to a repurchase offer being oversubscribed and the Fund effecting repurchases on a pro rata basis.
If any Shares tendered are not repurchased because of proration, shareholders will have to wait until the next repurchase offer and resubmit a new repurchase request, and such repurchase request will not be given any priority over other shareholders’ requests. Thus, there is a risk that the Fund may not purchase all of the Shares a shareholder wishes to have repurchased in a given repurchase offer or in any subsequent repurchase offer. In anticipation of the possibility of proration, some shareholders may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, increasing the likelihood of proration.
If a shareholder’s Shares are accepted for repurchase, upon payment for such repurchased Shares, such Shares will no longer be considered outstanding and such shares will cease to have any voting rights. Shares tendered pursuant to a repurchase offer will earn dividends declared to shareholders of record only through the date on which payment for repurchased Shares is made.
Repurchase Fee
The Fund does not currently intend to impose a repurchase fee to help defray the costs associated with the repurchase offers. It is possible that a repurchase fee of up to two percent, as permitted by Rule 23c‑3(b)(1) of the Investment Company Act, may be added in the future to each class of shares, although no such addition is presently contemplated, and that subsequent classes of shares may also include such a repurchase fee. A repurchase fee would be payable to the Fund in order to compensate long term shareholders for expenses related to short-term investors, in light of the Fund’s generally longer-term investment horizons and investment operations. The Fund may also determine that any such repurchase fee will only be imposed on a shareholder’s repurchase proceeds if the interval between the date of the purchase of shares and the valuation date with respect to the repurchase of such shares is less than a specified period (for example, one year).
 
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Suspension or Postponement of a Repurchase Offer
The Fund may suspend or postpone a repurchase offer only: (i) if making or effecting the repurchase offer would cause the Fund to lose its status as a regulated investment company under the Code; (ii) for any period during which the NYSE or any market in which the securities owned by the Fund are principally traded is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or during which trading in such market is restricted; (iii) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable, or during which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or (iv) for such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of Fund shareholders.
Liquidity Requirements
From the time that the notification is sent to shareholders until the Repurchase Pricing Date, the Fund will ensure that a percentage of its net assets equal to at least 100% of the Repurchase Offer Amount consists of assets: (i) that can be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business at approximately the price at which the Fund has valued the investment within the time period between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Payment Deadline; or (ii) that mature by the next Repurchase Payment Deadline.
The Board has adopted procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the Fund’s assets are sufficiently liquid so that the Fund can comply with the repurchase policy and the liquidity requirements described in the previous paragraph.
The Fund intends to finance repurchase offers with cash on hand, cash raised through borrowings, or the liquidation of portfolio securities. If the Fund is required to sell its more liquid, higher quality portfolio securities to purchase Shares that are tendered, remaining common shareholders will be subject to increased risk and increased Fund expenses as a percentage of net assets. See “Risks—Repurchase Offers Risk.”
Redemption of Senior Securities; Tax Considerations; Fund Expenses
The Fund may not purchase Shares to the extent such purchases would result in the asset coverage with respect to any indebtedness or preferred equity being reduced below the asset coverage requirement set forth in the Investment Company Act. Accordingly, in order to purchase all Shares tendered, the Fund may have to repay or redeem all or part of any then outstanding indebtedness or preferred equity to maintain the required asset coverage.
The repurchase of tendered Shares by the Fund is a taxable event to common shareholders. See “Tax Matters.”
The Fund pays all costs and expenses associated with the making of any periodic repurchase offer. Selected securities dealers or other financial intermediaries may charge a processing fee to confirm a repurchase of Shares pursuant to a periodic repurchase offer.
 
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TAX MATTERS
The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Shares of the Fund. A more detailed discussion of the tax rules applicable to the Fund and its common shareholders can be found in the SAI that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Except as otherwise noted, this discussion assumes you are a taxable U.S. person (as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) and that you hold your Shares as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes (generally, assets held for investment). The discussion reflects applicable income tax laws of the United States as of the date of this prospectus, which income tax laws may be changed or subject to new interpretations by the courts or the IRS retroactively or prospectively. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of all U.S. federal income tax concerns affecting the Fund and its shareholders (including shareholders subject to special provisions of the Code, including, without limitation, financial institutions, insurance companies, a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, common shareholders whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar, tax‑exempt organizations, a controlled foreign corporation or a passive foreign investment company, dealers in securities or currencies, traders in securities or commodities that elect mark‑to‑market treatment, or persons that will hold the Shares as a position in a “straddle,” “hedge” or as part of a “constructive sale” for federal income tax purposes), and the discussions set forth here and in the SAI do not constitute tax advice. If a partnership (or any other entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships that hold Shares and partners in such a partnership should consult their tax advisors about the U.S. federal income tax considerations of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Shares. Because tax laws are complex and often change, and because the application of tax law may depend on the particular circumstances of a shareholder, you should consult your tax advisor about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
The Fund invests primarily in municipal securities the income of which is exempt from regular federal income tax. Consequently, the regular monthly dividends you receive will generally be exempt from regular federal income tax. A portion of these dividends, however, may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
Taxation of the Fund
The Fund has elected to be treated and to qualify for taxation as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, which will require the Fund to meet certain requirements related to, among other things, the Fund’s sources of income, diversification of assets and distribution of earnings to shareholders. Although the Fund intends to meet these requirements, no assurances can be given in this regard.
To maintain its status as a RIC, the Fund must derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from the following sources: (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including gain from options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or foreign currencies; and (b) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined in the Code). Generally, a qualified publicly traded partnership includes a partnership the interests of which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) and that derives less than 90% of its gross income from the items described in (a) above.
To maintain its status as a RIC, the Fund must also diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, including receivables, U.S. Government securities, the securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than 25% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. Government securities and the securities of other RICs) of (i) any one issuer, (ii) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be engaged in the same business or similar or related trades or businesses or (iii) any one or more “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined in the Code).
 
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As long as the Fund qualifies as a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income and gains that the Fund distributes to its common shareholders, provided that it distributes each taxable year at least 90% of the Fund’s investment company taxable income (which includes, among other items, dividends, interest, the excess of any net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, and other taxable income, other than any net capital gain (defined below), reduced by deductible expenses) determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid. The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of such income each year. The Fund will be subject to income tax at regular corporate rates on any taxable income or gains that it does not distribute to its common shareholders.
The Fund may either distribute or retain for reinvestment all or part of its net capital gain (which consists of the excess of its net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss). If any such gain is retained, the Fund will be subject to a corporate income tax on such retained amount. In that event, the Fund expects to report the retained amount as undistributed capital gain in a notice to its common shareholders, each of whom, if subject to U.S. federal income tax on long-term capital gains, (a) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes as long-term capital gain its share of such undistributed amounts, (b) will be entitled to credit its proportionate share of the tax paid by the Fund against its U.S. federal income tax liability and to claim refunds to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability and (c) will increase its basis in its Shares by the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s income less the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (b).
The Code imposes a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the Fund to the extent the Fund does not distribute by the end of any calendar year at least the sum of (a) 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any capital gain or loss) for the calendar year and (b) 98.2% of its capital gain in excess of its capital loss (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for a one‑year period generally ending on October 31 of the calendar year (unless an election is made to use the Fund’s fiscal year). In addition, the minimum amounts that must be distributed in any year to avoid the excise tax will be increased or decreased to reflect any under-distribution or over-distribution, as the case may be, from the previous year. For purposes of the excise tax, the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income on which it paid U.S. federal income tax. While the Fund intends to distribute any income and capital gain in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of the 4% nondeductible excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient amounts of the Fund’s taxable income and capital gain will be distributed to entirely avoid the imposition of the excise tax. In that event, the Fund will be liable for the excise tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution requirement.
If for any taxable year the Fund were to fail to qualify as a RIC, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to common shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to the common shareholders as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes and make distributions (which could be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation as a RIC.
Taxation of Common Shareholders
Distributions paid to you by the Fund from its net capital gain, which is the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss, if any, that the Fund properly reports as capital gain dividends (“capital gain dividends”) are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held your Shares. All other dividends paid to you by the Fund (including dividends from short-term capital gains) from its current or accumulated earnings and profits (“ordinary income dividends”) are generally subject to tax as ordinary income. Provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met, ordinary income dividends (if properly reported by the Fund) may qualify (a) for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders to the extent that the Fund’s income consists of dividend income from U.S. corporations, (b) in the case of individual shareholders, as “qualified dividend income” eligible to be taxed at long-term capital gains rates to the extent that the Fund receives qualified dividend income, and (c) in the case of individual shareholders, as “section 199A dividends” eligible for a 20% “qualified business income” deduction in tax years beginning after
 
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December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026 to the extent the Fund receives ordinary REIT dividends, reduced by allocable Fund expenses. Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations (e.g., generally, foreign corporations incorporated in a possession of the United States or in certain countries with a qualifying comprehensive tax treaty with the United States, or whose stock with respect to which such dividend is paid is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States). There can be no assurance as to what portion, if any, of the Fund’s distributions will constitute qualified dividend income.
Any distributions you receive that are in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of your adjusted tax basis in your Shares, and thereafter as capital gain from the sale of Shares. The amount of any Fund distribution that is treated as a return of capital will reduce your adjusted tax basis in your Shares, thereby increasing your potential gain, or reducing your potential loss, on any subsequent sale or other disposition of your Shares.
Dividends and other taxable distributions are taxable to you even if they are reinvested in additional Shares of the Fund. Dividends and other distributions paid by the Fund are generally treated as received by you at the time the dividend or distribution is made. If, however, the Fund pays you a dividend in January that was declared in the previous October, November or December to common shareholders of record on a specified date in one of such months, then such dividend will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as being paid by the Fund and received by you on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
Subject to the discussion below of repurchases, the sale or other disposition of Shares of the Fund will generally result in capital gain or loss to you and will be long-term capital gain or loss if you have held such Shares for more than one year. Any loss upon the sale or other disposition of Shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received (including amounts credited as an undistributed capital gain) by you with respect to such Shares. Any loss you recognize on a sale or other disposition of Shares will be disallowed if you acquire other Shares (whether through the automatic reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a 61‑day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after your sale or exchange of the Shares. In such case, your tax basis in the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
The repurchase of Shares through a periodic repurchase offer will be a taxable transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, either as a “sale or exchange,” or under certain circumstances, as a “dividend.” In general, the transaction should be treated as a sale or exchange of shares if the receipt of cash (a) is “substantially disproportionate” with respect to the shareholder, (b) results in a “complete redemption” of the shareholder’s interest, or (c) is “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” with respect to the shareholder. A “substantially disproportionate” distribution generally requires a reduction of at least 20% in the shareholder’s proportionate interest in the Fund and also requires the shareholder to own less than 50% of the voting power of all classes of the Fund entitled to vote immediately after the repurchase. A “complete redemption” of a shareholder’s interest generally requires that all shares of the Fund owned by such shareholder be disposed of. A distribution “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” requires that there be a “meaningful reduction” in the shareholder’s proportionate interest in the Fund, which should result if the shareholder has a minimal interest in the Fund, exercises no control over Fund affairs and suffers a reduction in his proportionate interest in the Fund. In determining whether any of these tests has been met, any Fund shares actually owned, as well as shares considered to be owned by the shareholder by reason of certain constructive ownership rules set forth in section 318 of the Code, generally must be taken into account.
If the repurchase of your Shares meets any of these three tests for “sale or exchange” treatment, you will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market value of other property received pursuant to the repurchase and the adjusted tax basis of the Shares sold. If none of the tests described above are met with respect to a repurchase, you may be treated as having received, in whole or in part, a dividend, return of capital or capital gain, depending on (i) whether there are sufficient earnings and profits to support a dividend and (ii) your tax basis in the relevant Shares. The tax basis in the Shares tendered to the Fund
 
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will be transferred to any remaining Shares held by you in the Fund. In addition, if the sale of Shares pursuant to the applicable repurchase is treated as a “dividend” to a tendering stockholder, a constructive dividend under certain provisions of the Code may result to a non‑tendering shareholder whose proportionate interest in the earnings and assets of the Fund has been increased as a result of such tender.
Current U.S. federal income tax law taxes both long-term and short-term capital gain of corporations at the rates applicable to ordinary income. For non‑corporate taxpayers, short-term capital gain is currently taxed at rates applicable to ordinary income while long-term capital gain generally is taxed at a reduced maximum rate. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations under the Code.
U.S. federal backup withholding may be required on dividends, distributions and sale proceeds payable to common shareholders who fail to supply their correct taxpayer identification number (in the case of individuals, generally, their social security number) or to make required certifications, or who are otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be refunded or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that you timely furnish the required information to the IRS.
Please refer to the SAI for more detailed information, which is incorporated herein by reference. You are urged to consult your tax advisor.
 
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Shares
The Fund currently offers three classes of Shares: Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, and Class U Shares. The Fund has received exemptive relief from the SEC to, among other things, issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution fees and early-withdrawal fees as applicable. The Fund may in the future register and include other classes of Shares in the offering.
Shares of each class of the Fund represent an equal pro rata interest in the Fund and, generally, have identical voting, distribution, liquidation, and other rights, preferences, powers, restrictions, limitations, qualifications and terms and conditions, except that: (a) each class has a different designation; (b) each class of Shares bears any class-specific expenses; and (c) each class shall have separate voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders in which the interests of one class differ from the interests of any other class, and shall have exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders that relates solely to that class.
Institutional Shares are currently available only to investors whose investment in the Fund is made through the Distributor or an asset-based fee program sponsored by a registered broker-dealer or registered investment adviser (also known as a “wrap fee” program) and whose financial advisor recommends their investment in the Fund that has an agreement with the Distributor. Wrap fee programs are arrangements between broker-dealers, investment advisers, banks and other financial institutions (typically acting as sponsors of the programs) through which the customers of such firms receive discretionary investment advisory, execution, clearing, and custodial services in a “bundled” form. In exchange for these “bundled” services, customers pay an all‑inclusive—or “wrap”—fee determined as a percentage of the assets held in the wrap fee account. Not all investors are able to access Institutional Shares. Certain brokerage firms may not offer fee‑based advisory programs that allow investors to access Institutional Shares as described above or investors may not qualify for any such program at their brokerage firms that allows such access. It is also possible that certain brokerage firms may not offer the Fund as part of any such fee‑based advisory program. Further, the decision by investors to invest in the Fund through Institutional Shares must be made on a case by case basis after careful discussion with the investor’s financial advisor to determine whether such Shares are most appropriate for the investor, such determination to be based both on economic and non‑economic factors. Generally, Class A Shares are available only through brokerage, transactional-based accounts. Class U Shares are available to clients of financial intermediaries with which the Fund has a selling agreement to distribute Class U Shares. Not all Dealers offer all classes of Shares. See “—Share Class Considerations” below.
The Fund’s Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Conversion were redesignated as Institutional Shares effective upon the Conversion. Accordingly, shareholders of the Fund who held Shares of the Fund immediately prior to the Conversion (previously defined as “Pre‑Conversion Shareholders”) held Institutional Shares of the Fund immediately following the Conversion, regardless of whether they met the eligibility requirements for Institutional Shares at the time of the Conversion. Although the eligibility requirements of Institutional Shares were waived for Pre‑Conversion Shareholders in connection with the Conversion, any additional purchases of the Fund by a Pre‑Conversion Shareholder following the Conversion will be subject to the terms and conditions in of the Shares in this prospectus, including share class eligibility requirements. Therefore, although Pre‑Conversion Shareholders held Institutional Shares of the Fund immediately following the Conversion, they may not be eligible to purchase additional Institutional Shares in the future but may be eligible to purchase Class A Shares or Class U Shares of the Fund.
Distributor
BlackRock Investments, LLC, located at 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001, acts as the distributor of the Fund’s Shares, pursuant to a distribution agreement with the Fund (the “Distribution Agreement”), on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. See “Risks—Best-Efforts Offering Risk.”
 
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Under the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor’s responsibilities include, but are not limited to, selling Shares of the Fund upon the terms set forth in this prospectus and making arrangements for the collection of purchase monies or the payment of purchase proceeds. The Distributor also may enter into agreements with Dealers for the sale and servicing of the Shares. Dealers or other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on investor accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this prospectus. Any terms and conditions imposed by a Dealer or other financial intermediary, or operational limitations applicable to such parties, may affect or limit a shareholder’s ability to purchase the Shares or tender the Shares for repurchase, or otherwise transact business with the Fund. Institutional Shares are not subject to a sales load; however, investors may be required to pay brokerage commissions on purchases or sales of Institutional Shares to their Dealers. The Dealers will typically expect to receive the sales load with respect to Class A Shares purchased by their clients. If you buy Shares through certain Dealers or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Investors should consult with their Dealers or other financial intermediaries about the sales load and any transaction or other fees or charges their Dealers or other financial intermediaries might impose on each class of Shares in addition to any fees imposed by the Fund. See “—Class A Shares—Sales Load” below.
Minimum Investments
The following investment minimums apply for purchases of the Shares:
 
     Institutional
Shares
   Class A
Shares
   Class U
Shares
Minimum Initial Investment
   $100,000    $1,000    $2,500
Minimum Subsequent Investment
   None    None    None
The $100,000 minimum initial investment for Institutional Shares set forth in the above table applies to individuals and “Institutional Investors,” which include, but are not limited to, endowments, foundations, family offices, local, city, and state governmental institutions, corporations and insurance company separate accounts who may purchase shares of the Fund through a Dealer or other financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to purchase Institutional Shares.
For Institutional Shares, there is no minimum initial investment for:
 
   
Employer-sponsored retirement plans (not including Simplified Employee Pension Individual Retirement Arrangements, Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees Individual Retirement Accounts or Salary Reduction Simplified Employee Pension Plans) and state sponsored 529 college savings plans, collective trust funds, investment companies or other pooled investment vehicles, unaffiliated thrifts and unaffiliated banks and trust companies.
 
   
Employees, officers and directors/trustees of BlackRock or its affiliates and immediate family members of such persons, if they open an account directly with BlackRock.
 
   
Clients of Dealers or other financial intermediaries that: (i) charge such clients a fee for advisory, investment consulting, or similar services or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares through a no‑load program or investment platform.
The minimum initial investment for purchasing Institutional Shares is reduced to $1,000 for:
 
   
Clients investing through Dealers or other financial intermediaries that offer Institutional Shares on a platform that charges a transaction based sales commission outside of the Fund.
 
   
Tax‑qualified accounts for insurance agents that are registered representatives of an insurance company’s broker-dealer that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Institutional Shares, and the family members of such persons.
 
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The minimum initial investment for each class of Shares may be modified or waived by the Fund and the Distributor for the Directors and certain employees of BlackRock, Inc., including its affiliates, vehicles controlled by such Directors and employees and their extended family members. There is no minimum subsequent investment for the Shares.
Share Class Considerations
The Fund offers three classes of Shares: Institutional Shares, Class A Shares, and Class U Shares. When selecting a share class, you should consider the following:
 
   
which share classes are available to you;
 
   
the amount you intend to invest;
 
   
how long you expect to own the Shares; and
 
   
total costs and expenses associated with a particular share class.
Each investor’s financial considerations are different. You should speak with your financial adviser to help you decide which share class is best for you. Not all Dealers offer all classes of Shares. In addition, Dealers may vary the actual sales load charged, if applicable, as well as impose additional fees and charges on each class of Shares. If your Dealer offers more than one class of Shares, you should carefully consider which class of Shares to purchase.
Intra-Fund Share Class Conversions
Subject to the conditions set forth in this paragraph, shares of one class of the Fund may be converted into (i.e., reclassified as) shares of a different class of the Fund at the request of a shareholder’s financial intermediary. To qualify for a conversion, the shareholder must satisfy the conditions for investing in the class into which the conversion is sought (as described in the Fund’s prospectus and the SAI). Also, shares are not eligible to be converted until any applicable CDSC period has expired. No sales charge will be imposed on the conversion of shares. The financial intermediary making the conversion request must submit the request in writing. In addition, the financial intermediary or other responsible party must process and report the transaction as a conversion. The value of the shares received during a conversion will be based on the relative NAV of the shares being converted and the shares received as a result of the conversion. It generally is expected that conversions will not result in taxable gain or loss.
Institutional Shares and Class U Shares
Institutional Shares and Class U Shares will be sold at the then-current NAV of the applicable class and are not subject to any sales load imposed by the Fund or the Distributor or distribution fees. If you buy Insitutional Shares or Class U Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their financial intermediaries might impose on Institutional Shares or Class U Shares. Because the Institutional Shares and Class U Shares are sold at the prevailing NAV of the applicable class without an upfront sales load, the entire amount of an investor’s purchase is invested immediately (subject to any transaction fee charged by a selling agent or other financial intermediary).
Class A Shares
Sales Load
Unless eligible for a sales load waiver, investors purchasing Class A Shares will pay a sales load based on the amount of their investment in the Fund. The sales load varies depending on the size of your purchase, as set forth
 
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in the tables below. The actual sales load paid may vary among and within Dealers, as described herein. No sales load is imposed when Class A Shares are issued to you pursuant to the automatic reinvestment of income dividends or capital gains distributions. A reallowance to participating broker-dealers will be made by the Distributor from the sales load paid by each investor.
Because the offering price is calculated by two decimal places, the dollar amount of the sales load as a percentage of the offering price and an investor’s net amount invested for any particular purchase of Shares may be higher or lower depending on whether downward or upward rounding was required during the calculation process.
In addition, if you buy Class A Shares through certain selling agents or other financial intermediaries, they may directly charge you a transaction fee in such amount as they may determine. Any such fees will be in addition to your investment in the Fund and not deducted therefrom. Investors should consult with their selling agents or other financial intermediaries about any transaction or other fees their financial intermediaries might impose on Class A Shares.
Class A Shares of the Fund are sold subject to the following sales load:
 
Your investment
   Sales charge
as a % of the

offering price
  Sales charge
as a % of

net asset value
  Dealer
compensation
as a % of

offering price
Less than $100,000
   2.50%   2.56%   2.50%
$100,000 but less than $250,000
   2.00%   2.04%   2.00%
$250,000 and over1
   None   None   1.50%
 
1
If you invest $250,000 or more in Class A Shares, you will not pay an initial sales load. In the case, the Advisor compensates the Dealer from its own resources. However, if the Fund repurchases your Class A Shares within 18 months after purchase, you may be charged a deferred sales charge of 1.50% of the lesser of the original cost of the Class A Shares being repurchased or your repurchase proceeds.
Potential Sales Load Waivers
Investors may be able to buy Class A Shares without a sales load, if applicable (i.e., “load-waived”), when they are:
 
   
reinvesting distributions;
 
   
a current or former director or Director of the Fund;
 
   
an employee (including the employee’s spouse, domestic partner, children, grandchildren, parents, grandparents, siblings or any dependent of the employee, as defined in section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code) of the Advisor or its affiliates or of a broker-dealer authorized to sell Class A Shares of the Fund; or
 
   
purchasing Class A Shares through a financial services firm that has a special arrangement with the Fund.
In addition, the Fund will combine purchases of Class A Shares made by an investor, the investor’s spouse or domestic partner, and dependent children when it calculates the applicable sales load.
It is the investor’s responsibility to determine whether a reduced sales load would apply. The Fund is not responsible for making such determination. To receive a reduced sales load, notification must be provided at the time of the purchase order. Notice should be provided to the Dealer or financial intermediary through whom the purchase is made so they can notify the Fund.
 
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Sales Charge Waivers
Qualifying Holdings. Investor A and A1, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and Premier Shares in certain BlackRock open‑end funds (“Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds”), investments in certain unlisted closed‑end management investment companies sponsored and advised by BlackRock or its affiliates, including the Fund (“Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds”), and investments in the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program.
Qualifying Holdings may include shares held in accounts held at a Dealer or other financial intermediary, including personal accounts, certain retirement accounts, UGMA/UTMA accounts, Joint Tenancy accounts, trust accounts and Transfer on Death accounts, as well as shares purchased by a trust of which the investor is a beneficiary. For purposes of the right of accumulation, the investor may not combine with the investor’s other holdings shares held in pension, profit sharing or other employer-sponsored retirement plans if those shares are held in the name of a nominee or custodian.
In order to receive a reduced sales charge, at the time an investor purchases shares of the Fund, the investor should inform the Dealer, financial intermediary, Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds or Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds of any other shares of the Fund or any other Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Fund or Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Fund that qualify for a reduced sales charge. Failure by the investor to notify the Dealer, financial intermediary, Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds or Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds may result in the investor not receiving the sales charge reduction to which the investor is otherwise entitled.
The Dealer, financial intermediary or Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds may request documentation—including account statements and records of the original cost of the shares owned by the investor, the investor’s spouse and/or children showing that the investor qualifies for a reduced sales charge. The investor should retain these records because—depending on where an account is held or the type of account—the Fund and/or the Dealer, financial intermediary, Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds or Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds may not be able to maintain this information.
For more information, please contact your Dealer or financial intermediary.
Letter of Intent. An investor may qualify for a reduced front‑end sales charge immediately by signing a “Letter of Intent” stating the investor’s intention to make one or more of the following investments within the next 13 months which would, if bought all at once, qualify the investor for a reduced sales charge:
 
  i.
Buy a specified amount of Investor A, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and/or Premier Shares of Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds,
 
  ii.
Make an investment in one or more Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds and/or
 
  iii.
Make an investment through the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program in one or more Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds.
The initial investment must meet the minimum initial purchase requirement. The 13‑month Letter of Intent period commences on the day that the Letter of Intent is received by the Fund.
The market value of current holdings in the Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds (including Investor A, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and Premier Shares, Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds and the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program Class A and Class C Units) as of the date of commencement that are eligible under the Right of Accumulation may be counted towards the sales charge reduction.
The investor must notify the Fund of (i) any current holdings in the Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds, Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds and/or the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program that should be counted towards the sales charge reduction and (ii) any subsequent purchases that should be counted towards the Letter of Intent.
 
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During the term of the Letter of Intent, the Fund will hold Class A Shares representing up to 5% of the indicated amount in an escrow account for payment of a higher sales load if the full amount indicated in the Letter of Intent is not purchased. If the full amount indicated is not purchased within the 13‑month period, and the investor does not pay the higher sales load within 20 days, the Fund will redeem enough of the Class A Shares held in escrow to pay the difference.
Right of Accumulation. Investors have a “right of accumulation” under which purchases of any of the following may be combined with the amount of the current purchase in determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front‑end sales charge:
 
   
The current value of an investor’s existing Investor A and A1, Investor C, Investor P, Institutional, Class K and Premier Shares in most Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Funds;
 
   
The current value of an investor’s existing shares of Eligible Unlisted BlackRock Closed‑End Funds; and
 
   
The investment in the BlackRock CollegeAdvantage 529 Program by the investor or by or on behalf of the investor’s spouse and children.
Financial Intermediaries may value current holdings of their customers differently for purposes of determining whether an investor qualifies for a breakpoint and a reduced front‑end sales charge, although customers of the same Financial Intermediary will be treated similarly. In order to use this right, the investor must alert BlackRock to the existence of any previously purchased shares.
CDSC
If you invest $250,000 or more in Class A Shares, you will not pay any initial sales load. However, if the Fund repurchases your Class A Shares within 18 months after purchase, you may be charged a deferred sales charge of 1.50% of the lesser of the original cost of the Class A Shares being repurchased or your repurchase proceeds. For a discussion on waivers, see “CDSC Waivers.”
CDSC Waivers
The deferred sales charge relating to Class A Shares may be reduced or waived in certain circumstances, such as:
 
   
Redemptions resulting from shareholder death as long as the waiver request is made within one year of death or, if later, reasonably promptly following completion of probate (including in connection with the distribution of account assets to a beneficiary of the decedent);
 
   
Withdrawals resulting from shareholder disability (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code) as long as the disability arose subsequent to the purchase of the shares; and
 
   
Redemptions when a shareholder can demonstrate hardship, in the absolute discretion of the Fund.
Distribution and Servicing Fee
Class A Shares and Class U Shares pay to the Distributor a Distribution and Servicing Fee that accrues at an annual rate equal to 0.75% of the applicable class’s average daily net assets. 0.25% of the fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee. See “—Distribution and Servicing Plan—Class A Shares and Class U Shares.”
Distribution and Servicing Plan – Class A Shares and Class U Shares
The Fund has adopted a distribution plan to pay to the Distributor a Distribution and Servicing Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of Class A Shares and Class U Shares to investors and maintenance of
 
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shareholder accounts. These activities include marketing and other activities to support the distribution of the Class A Shares and Class U Shares. The Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b‑1 under the Investment Company Act, which regulates the manner in which an open‑end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. Although the Fund is not an open‑end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b‑1 in accordance with the terms of the Multi-Class Exemptive Relief. Under the Distribution and Servicing Plan, the Fund pays the Distributor a distribution fee and shareholder servicing fee that together accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.75%, which reduce the NAV of each of Class A Shares and Class U Shares. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets attributable to Class A Shares and Class U Shares on an ongoing basis, over time, they will increase the cost of an investment in Class A Shares and Class U Shares, including causing the Class A Shares and Class U Shares to have a higher expense ratio, pay lower dividends and have a lower total return than Institutional Shares. 0.25% of the fee is a shareholder servicing fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee.
Shareholder services may include, but are not limited to, the following functions: (i) answering shareholder inquiries regarding account status and history, the manner in which purchases, exchanges and repurchases of Shares may be effected and certain other matters pertaining to the shareholders’ investments; (ii) receiving, aggregating and processing shareholder orders; (iii) furnishing shareholder sub‑accounting; (iv) providing and maintaining elective shareholder services such as check writing and wire transfer services; (v) providing and maintaining pre‑authorized investment plans; (vi) communicating periodically with shareholders; (vii) acting as the sole shareholder of record and nominee for shareholders; (viii) maintaining accounting records for shareholders; (ix) answering questions and handling correspondence from shareholders about their accounts; (x) issuing confirmations for transactions by shareholders; (xi) performing similar account administrative services; (xii) providing such shareholder communications and recordkeeping services as may be required for any program for which a Service Organization is a sponsor that relies on Rule 3a‑4 under the Investment Company Act (i.e., a “wrap fee” program); and (xiii) providing such other similar services as may reasonably be requested to the extent a Service Organization is permitted to do so under applicable statutes, rules, or regulations. The distribution and/or servicing fee may be spent by the Distributor for the services rendered to holders of Class A Shares and Class U Shares as set forth above, but will generally not be spent by the Distributor on recordkeeping charges, accounting expenses, transfer costs or custodian fees.
Institutional Shares are not subject to any distribution fee or shareholder servicing fee.
How to Purchase Shares
The following section provides basic information about how to purchase Shares of the Fund.
The Distributor acts as the distributor of the Shares of the Fund on a reasonable best efforts basis, subject to various conditions, pursuant to the terms of the Distribution Agreement. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Shares of the Fund. The Shares will be continuously offered through the Distributor. As discussed below, the Fund may authorize one or more intermediaries (e.g., broker-dealers and other financial firms), who may in turn designate designees, to receive orders on its behalf. Shares will be sold at a public offering price equal to the then-current NAV of the applicable class plus, in the case of Class A Shares, the applicable sales load.
The Fund will have the sole right to accept orders to purchase Shares and reserves the right to reject any order in whole or in part. The offering may be terminated by the Fund or the Distributor at any time.
No market currently exists for the Fund’s Shares. The Shares are not listed for trading on any securities exchange. There is currently no secondary market for the Fund’s Shares and the Fund does not anticipate that a secondary market will develop for its Shares. Neither the Advisor, the Distributor nor the Dealers intend to make a market in the Fund’s Shares.
 
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Acceptance and Timing of Purchase Orders
The Fund will accept initial and additional purchases of Shares on a daily basis. Orders to purchase Shares will be processed through the facilities of the National Securities Clearing Corporation. The applicable offering price for purchase orders is based on the net asset value of the Fund next determined after receipt of the purchase order by a Dealer that has been authorized by the Distributor by contract to accept such orders or such Dealer’s designees. As to purchase orders received by the Dealers or their designees prior to the close of business on the NYSE (generally, the NYSE closes at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), on the day the order is placed, including orders received after the close of business on the previous day, the applicable offering price is based on the net asset value determined as of the close of business on the NYSE on that day. If the purchase orders are not received by the Dealer or its designee before the close of business on the NYSE, such orders are deemed received on the next business day. It is the responsibility of brokers to transmit purchase orders and payment on a timely basis. Generally, if payment is not received within the period described in the Prospectus, the order will be canceled, notice thereof will be given, and the broker and its customers will be responsible for any loss to the Fund or its shareholders.
For shares purchased through the Distributor, order instructions must be received in good order prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) in order to receive the current day’s NAV. Instructions must include the name and signature of an appropriate person designated on the applicable account application, account name, account number, name of the Fund and dollar amount. Payments received without order instructions could result in a processing delay or a return of wire. Failure to send the accompanying payment on the same day may result in the cancellation of the order. For more information on purchasing Shares through the Distributor, please call (800) 882‑0052.
Investors may buy and sell shares of the Fund through Dealers or their designees that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund. Orders will be priced at the appropriate price next computed after it is received by a Dealer and accepted by the Fund. A Dealer may hold shares in an omnibus account in the Dealer’s name or the Dealer may maintain individual ownership records. Dealers may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining an investor’s account with them. Investors should check with their Dealer to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Dealers are responsible for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund, forwarding payment promptly.
The Fund reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to accept or reject any order for purchase of the Shares. The sale of the Shares may be suspended during any period in which the NYSE is closed other than weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the rules of the SEC, when trading on the NYSE is restricted or during an emergency which makes it impracticable for the Fund to dispose of its securities or to determine fairly the value of its net assets, or during any other period as permitted by the SEC for the protection of investors. In a situation where the Fund suspends the sale of the Shares, the Fund may also determine to suspend or postpone a pending or scheduled repurchase offer.
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. What this means to you: When you open an account, you will be asked to provide your name, address, date of birth, and other information that will allow you to be identified. If your identification is not able to be verified, the Fund reserves the right to restrict additional transactions and/or liquidate your account at the next calculated NAV after your account is closed (less any applicable sales/account charges and/or tax penalties) or take any other action required by law. The Fund has implemented an anti-money laundering compliance program, which includes designation of an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
The Advisor or its affiliates, in the Advisor’s discretion and from its own resources, may pay additional compensation to Dealers in connection with the sale of the Shares (the “Additional Compensation”). In return for
 
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the Additional Compensation, the Fund may receive certain marketing advantages including but not limited to access to a broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives, placement on a list of investment options offered by a broker or dealer, or the ability to assist in training and educating the broker’s or dealer’s registered representatives, as described in more detail below. The Additional Compensation may differ among brokers or dealers in amount or in the amount of calculation. Payments of Additional Compensation may be fixed dollar amounts or, based on the aggregate value of outstanding Shares held by common shareholders introduced by the broker or dealer, or determined in some other manner. The receipt of Additional Compensation by a selling broker or dealer may create potential conflicts of interest between an investor and its broker or dealer who is recommending the Fund over other potential investments.
Placement Fees
The Advisor pays a placement fee of 1.50% to Dealers on purchases of Class A Shares over $250,000.
Servicing Arrangements
The Fund’s Shares may be available through Dealers that have entered into shareholder servicing arrangements with respect to the Fund.
These Dealers provide varying investment products, programs, platforms and accounts, through which investors may purchase Shares. Shareholder servicing arrangements typically include processing orders for shares, generating account and confirmation statements, sub‑accounting, account maintenance, tax reporting, collecting and posting distributions to investor accounts and disbursing cash dividends as well as other investment or administrative services required for the particular Dealer’s products, programs, platform and accounts.
The Advisor and/or its affiliates may make payments to Dealers for the shareholder services provided. These payments are made out of the Advisor’s own resources and not Fund assets. The actual services provided by these Dealers, and the payments made for such services, vary from firm to firm. The payments may be based on a fixed dollar amount for each account and position maintained by the Dealer and/or a percentage of the value of shares held by investors through the firm. Please see the Fund’s SAI for more information.
These payments may be material to Dealers relative to other compensation paid by the Fund, the Advisor and/or its affiliates and may be in addition to other fees and payments, such as distribution and/or service fees, Sub‑Transfer Agency Expenses, revenue sharing or “shelf space” fees and event support, other non‑cash compensation (described below). Also, the payments may vary from amounts paid to the Fund’s transfer agent for providing similar services to other accounts. The Advisor and/or its affiliates do not control these Dealers’ provision of the services for which they are receiving payments.
These Dealers may impose additional or different conditions than the Fund on purchases of Shares. They may also independently establish and charge their customers or program participants transaction fees, account fees and other amounts in connection with purchases of Shares in addition to any fees imposed by the Fund. These additional fees may vary and over time could increase the cost of an investment in the Fund and lower investment returns. Each Dealer is responsible for transmitting to its customers and program participants a schedule of any such fees and information regarding any additional or different conditions regarding purchases. Shareholders who are customers of these Dealers or participants in programs serviced by them should contact their Dealer for information regarding these fees and conditions.
Other Payments to Dealers
Some or all of the servicing fees described above are paid or “reallowed” to the Dealer, including their financial advisors through which you purchase your Shares.
The Distributor may from time to time make payments and provide other incentives to selected Dealers as compensation for services such as providing the Fund with “shelf space” or a higher profile for the Dealers’
 
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financial advisors and their customers, placing the Fund on the Dealers’ preferred or recommended fund list, granting the Distributor access to the Dealers’ financial advisors and furnishing marketing support and other specified services. These payments may be significant to the Dealers.
A number of factors will be considered in determining the amount of these payments to Dealers. On some occasions, such payments may be conditioned upon levels of sales, including the sale of a specified minimum dollar amount of the shares of the Fund, other funds sponsored by the Distributor and/or a particular class of shares, during a specified period of time. The Distributor may also make payments to one or more Dealers based upon factors such as the amount of assets a Dealer’s clients have invested in the Fund and the quality of the Dealer’s relationship with the Distributor, the Advisor and/or their affiliates.
To the extent the additional payments described above are made, such additional payments would be made from the Distributor’s own assets (and sometimes, therefore referred to as “revenue sharing”) pursuant to agreements with Dealers and would not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of the Fund’s Shares or the amount the Fund will receive as proceeds from such sales. These payments may be made to Dealers (as selected by the Distributor) that have sold significant amounts of Shares of the Fund.
The Distributor or its employees and representatives may make payments or reimburse Dealers for sponsorship and/or attendance at conferences, seminars or informational meetings (“event support”), provide Dealers or their personnel with occasional tickets to events or other entertainment, meals, and small gifts (“other non‑cash compensation”) and make financial contributions pertaining to sales incentives and contests, each to the extent permitted by applicable law, rules and regulations.
In addition, wholesaler representatives of the Distributor visit Dealers on a regular basis to market and educate financial advisors and other personnel about the Fund. These payments, reimbursements and activities may provide additional access to financial advisors at these Dealers, which may increase purchases and/or reduce repurchases of Fund Shares.
The Distributor also may pay Dealers for certain services including technology, operations, tax, audit or data consulting services, and may pay such Dealers for the Distributor’s attendance at investment forums sponsored by such Dealers or for various studies, surveys, or access to databases.
If investment advisers, distributors or affiliates of investment companies make payments and provide other incentives in differing amounts, Dealers and their financial advisors may have financial incentives for recommending a particular fund over other funds. In addition, depending on the arrangements in place at any particular time, a Dealer and its financial advisors may also have a financial incentive for recommending a particular share class over other share classes, to the extent applicable. A shareholder who holds Shares through a Dealer should consult with the shareholder’s financial advisor and review carefully any disclosure by the Dealer as to its compensation received by the financial advisor.
Although the Fund may use Dealers that sell Shares to effect transactions for the Fund’s portfolio, the Fund and the Advisor will not consider the sale of Shares as a factor when choosing Dealers to effect those transactions.
For further details about payments made by the Distributor to Dealers, please see the Statement of Additional Information.
Signature Validation
When a signature validation is called for, a Medallion signature guarantee or Signature validation program (“SVP”) stamp may be required. A Medallion signature guarantee is intended to provide signature validation for transactions considered financial in nature, and an SVP stamp is intended to provide signature validation for transactions non‑financial in nature. In certain situations, a notarized signature may be used instead of a Medallion signature guarantee or an SVP stamp. A Medallion signature guarantee or SVP stamp may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association or other financial
 
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institution which is participating in a Medallion program or Signature validation program recognized by the Securities Transfer Association. When a Medallion signature guarantee or SVP stamp is required, signature validations from financial institutions which are not participating in one of these programs will not be accepted. Please note that financial institutions participating in a recognized Medallion program may still be ineligible to provide a signature validation for transactions of greater than a specified dollar amount. The Fund may change the signature validation requirements from time to time upon notice to shareholders, which may be given by means of a new or supplemented prospectus. Shareholders should contact the Fund for additional details regarding the Fund’s signature validation requirements.
Reinstatement Privilege
If you tender for repurchase Class A Shares of the Fund and buy new Class A Shares of the Fund or Investor A Shares of an Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Fund (equal to all or a portion of the redemption amount) within 90 days of such repurchase, you will not pay a sales charge on the new purchase amount. This right may be exercised within 90 days of the repurchase, provided that Class A Shares of the Fund or the Investor A Share class of the Eligible BlackRock Open‑End Fund is currently open to new investors or the shareholder has a current account in that closed fund. Shares will be purchased at the net asset value calculated at the close of trading on the day the request is received. To exercise this privilege, the Fund must receive written notification from the shareholder of record or the Dealer of record, at the time of purchase. Investors should consult a tax adviser concerning the tax consequences of exercising this reinstatement privilege.
Request for Multiple Copies of Shareholder Documents
To reduce expenses, it is intended that only one copy of the Fund’s prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report, when available, will be mailed to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents and your shares are held in the Fund’s account, call the Fund at (800) 882‑0052. You will receive the additional copy within 30 days after receipt of your request by the Fund. Alternatively, if your shares are held through a financial institution, please contact the financial institution.
 
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CUSTODIAN AND TRANSFER AGENT
The custodian of the assets of the Fund is State Street Bank and Trust Company, whose principal business address is One Congress Street, Suite 1, Boston, Massachusetts 02114-2016. The custodian is responsible for, among other things, receipt of and disbursement of funds from the Fund’s accounts, establishment of segregated accounts as necessary, and transfer, exchange and delivery of the Fund’s portfolio securities.
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (U.S.) Inc., whose principal business address is 301 Bellevue Parkway Wilmington, Delaware 19809, serves as the Fund’s transfer agent with respect to the Shares (“Transfer Agent”).
ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTING SERVICES
State Street Bank and Trust Company provides certain administration and accounting services to the Fund pursuant to an Administration and Accounting Services Agreement (the “Administration Agreement”). Pursuant to the Administration Agreement, State Street Bank and Trust Company provides the Fund with, among other things, customary fund accounting services, including computing the Fund’s NAV and maintaining books, records and other documents relating to the Fund’s financial and portfolio transactions, and customary fund administration services, including assisting the Fund with regulatory filings, tax compliance and other oversight activities. For these and other services it provides to the Fund, State Street Bank and Trust Company is paid a monthly fee from the Fund at an annual rate ranging from 0.0075% to 0.015% of the Fund’s Managed Assets, along with an annual fixed fee ranging from $0 to $10,000 for the services it provides to the Fund.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose principal business address is 115 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, is the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund and is expected to render an opinion annually on the financial statements of the Fund.
LEGAL MATTERS
Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP, New York, New York, serves as counsel to the Fund.
Certain legal matters in connection with the Shares have been passed upon for the Fund by Miles & Stockbridge P.C., Baltimore, Maryland.
PRIVACY PRINCIPLES OF THE FUND
The Fund is committed to maintaining the privacy of shareholders and to safeguarding their non‑public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information the Fund collects, how we protect that information, and why in certain cases we may share such information with select other parties.
The Fund does not receive any non‑public personal information relating to its shareholders who purchase shares through their broker-dealers. In the case of shareholders who are record holders of the Fund, the Fund receives personal non‑public information on account applications or other forms. With respect to these shareholders, the Fund also has access to specific information regarding their transactions in the Fund.
The Fund does not disclose any non‑public personal information about its shareholders or former shareholders to anyone, except as permitted by law or as is necessary in order to service our shareholders’ accounts (for example, to a transfer agent).
 
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The Fund restricts access to non‑public personal information about its shareholders to BlackRock employees with a legitimate business need for the information. The Fund maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the non‑public personal information of our shareholders.
 
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BlackRock Municipal Credit Alpha Portfolio, Inc.
Institutional Shares
Class A Shares
Class U Shares
 
 
PROSPECTUS
MARCH 26, 2025, AS AMENDED JUNE 2, 2025
 
 
All dealers that buy, sell or trade Shares, whether or not participating in this offer, may be required to deliver a prospectus when acting on behalf of the Distributor.
 
 
PRO-MUI-0325