EX-99.2 3 exh_992.htm EXHIBIT 99.2

Exhibit 99.2

 

 

 

 

 

MAG Silver Corp.

 

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

 

Dated: May 7, 2025

 

 

 

VANCOUVER OFFICE

Suite 801

815 West Hastings Street

Vancouver, BC V6C 1B4

 

604 630 1399    phone

866 630 1399    toll free

 

   

TSX: MAG

NYSE American: MAG

info@magsilver.com

 

 

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Table of Contents

 

1.INTRODUCTION 3
2.DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS 4
3.HIGHLIGHTS – MARCH 31, 2025 & SUBSEQUENT TO QUARTER END 4
4.RESULTS OF JUANICIPIO 7
5.DEER TRAIL PROJECT 13
6.LARDER PROJECT 15
7.OUTLOOK 16
8.SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY INFORMATION 18
9.REVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS 19
10.FINANCIAL POSITION 20
11.CASH FLOWS 22
12.NON-IFRS MEASURES 23
13.LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 29
14.CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 32
15.SHARE CAPITAL INFORMATION 33
16.OTHER ITEMS 33
17.TREND INFORMATION 34
18.RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 35
19.OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 36
20.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 36
21.CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, SIGNIFICANT ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS 38
22.CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 39
23.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 39
24.ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 40
25.CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS 40

 

 

 

 

2

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

1. INTRODUCTION

 

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) focuses on the financial condition and results of operations of MAG Silver Corp. (“MAG”, “MAG Silver” or the “Company”) for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (“Q1 2025”). It is prepared as of May 7, 2025 and should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (“Q1 2025 Financial Statements”) together with the notes thereto which are available on the Canadian Securities Administrator’s System for Electronic Data Analysis and Retrieval + (“SEDAR+”) at www.sedarplus.ca and on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) website at www.sec.gov.

 

All dollar amounts referred to in this MD&A are expressed in thousands of United States dollars (“US$”) unless otherwise stated; references to C$ refer to thousands of Canadian dollars. The functional currency of the parent, its subsidiaries and its investment in Juanicipio (as defined herein), is the US$.

 

The common shares of the Company (“Common Shares”) trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the “TSX”) and on the NYSE American, LLC both under the ticker symbol MAG. MAG Silver is a reporting issuer in each of the provinces and territories of Canada and is a reporting “foreign issuer” in the United States of America.

 

Cautionary Statements and Risk Factors

 

This MD&A contains forward-looking statements (as defined herein) which should be read in conjunction with the risk factors described in section “Risks and Uncertainties” and the cautionary statements provided in section “Cautionary Statements – Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the end of this MD&A.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, technical disclosure regarding the Company’s properties included or incorporated by reference herein, including use of the capitalized terms “Mineral Resources” and “Mineral Reserves”, has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of, and imports the meaning of such terms as defined in, National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (the “CIM”) – CIM Definition Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council, as amended (the “CIM Definition Standards”), as applicable, and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statements provided in section “Cautionary Statements – Cautionary Note for United States Investors” and “Cautionary Statements – Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Estimates of Mineral Resources” at the end of this MD&A.

 

Qualified Persons

 

Unless otherwise specifically noted herein, all scientific or technical information in this MD&A, including assay results, Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource estimates, and mineralization, if applicable, is based upon information prepared by or under the supervision of, or has been approved by Gary Methven, P.Eng., Vice President, Technical Services and Lyle Hansen, P.Geo., Geotechnical Director; both are “Qualified Persons” for the purposes of NI 43-101.

 

3

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

2. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

MAG Silver Corp. is a growth-oriented Canadian mining and exploration company focused on advancing high-grade, district scale precious metals projects in the Americas. MAG is a top-tier primary silver mining company through its (44%) investment in the 4,000 tonnes per day (“tpd”) Juanicipio mine (the “Juanicipio Mine” or “Juanicipio”), operated by Fresnillo plc (“Fresnillo”) (56%). The Juanicipio Mine is located in the Fresnillo Silver Trend in Mexico, the world’s premier silver mining camp, where in addition to mining and processing operations, an expanded exploration program is in place targeting multiple highly prospective targets. MAG is also executing multi-phase exploration programs at the 100% earn-in Deer Trail Project (as defined herein) in Utah and the 100% owned Larder Project (as defined herein), located in the historically prolific Abitibi region of Canada.

 

3. HIGHLIGHTS – MARCH 31, 2025 & SUBSEQUENT TO QUARTER END (ON A 100% BASIS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED)

 

KEY HIGHLIGHTS

 

üMAG reported record net income of $28,744 ($0.28 per share) and adjusted EBITDA1 of $55,750, driven by income from Juanicipio (equity accounted) of $33,864 and MAG’s attributable interest in Juanicipio adjusted EBITDA of $59,468.

 

üDuring April 2025, Juanicipio returned a total of $61,508 to MAG: $59,400 as its second dividend, and $2,108 in interest and loan principal repayments. All loan balances to Juanicipio have now been fully repaid.

 

üMAG’s inaugural dividend payment was made on April 21, 2025, to shareholders on record as of April 4, 2025.

 

üMAG declared its second dividend, with a fixed component of $0.02 per share and an additional cash flow linked component of $0.18 per share (approximately 30% of cash received from Juanicipio), for a total dividend of $0.20 per share payable on May 28, 2025 to shareholders on record as of May 19, 2025.

 

üA total of 337,017 tonnes of ore at a silver head grade of 430 grams per tonne (“g/t”) (equivalent silver head grade2 of 660 g/t) was processed at Juanicipio.

 

 

1 Adjusted EBITDA, cash cost per ounce, all-in sustaining cost per ounce and free cash flow are non-IFRS measures, please refer to “Non-IFRS Measures” section of this MD&A for a detailed reconciliation of these measures to the Q1 2025 Financial Statements.

2 Equivalent silver head grade and equivalent silver production have been calculated using the following price assumptions to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver head grade and “equivalent” silver production: $29/oz silver, $2,500/oz gold, $0.90/lb lead and $1.30/lb zinc.

4

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

üRecord silver recovery of 96% at Juanicipio, up from 89% in Q1 2024, reflecting the commencement of commercial pyrite and gravimetric concentrate production during Q2 2024 as well as the benefit from ongoing optimizations in the processing plant.

 

üJuanicipio achieved silver production and equivalent silver production2 of 4.5 and 6.5 million ounces, respectively.

 

üJuanicipio generated strong operating cash flow and free cash flow1 of $86,399 and $77,438, respectively.

 

üJuanicipio continued to maintain its strong cost performance with cash cost1 of negative $0.91 per silver ounce sold ($8.50 per equivalent silver ounce sold3) and all-in sustaining cost1 of $2.04 per silver ounce sold ($10.64 per equivalent silver ounce sold3).

 

CORPORATE

 

üOn February 3, 2025, MAG announced the appointment of John Armstrong to the Board effective January 31, 2025 as part of MAG’s ongoing and planned Board refreshment. John was previously CEO of Versamet Royalties. Prior to Versamet, John spent many years with BMO Financial Group. Most recently, he held the position of Deputy Head of Investment Banking, BMO Capital Markets where he was responsible for shaping and executing the firm’s investment banking strategy across its various industry verticals and delivering corporate finance (equity underwriting, debt underwriting and corporate lending) and advisory solutions to clients. John holds a Bachelor of Commerce from the Sauder School of Business at the University of British Columbia and an MBA with Honours from the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto.

 

EXPLORATION

 

üJuanicipio:

 

·During Q1 2025, underground infill drilling at Juanicipio totalled 6,992 metres. In 2025, drilling at Juanicipio is planned to focus on infill drilling areas of the resource expected to be mined in the near to mid-term, including Valdecañas, Anticipada, Ramal 1, Ramal 2, and Venadas veins, and the continuation of a southwardly directed program drilling off the conveyor ramp designed to test for a deep skarn target and new veins. Q1 2025 drilling assay results are pending, and regional surface drilling is expected to commence in Q2 2025.

 

 

3 Equivalent silver ounces sold have been calculated using realized prices to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver ounces sold (metal quantity, multiplied by metal price, divided by silver price). Three months ended March 31, 2025 realized prices: $33.60/oz silver, $3,031.18/oz gold, $0.89/lb lead and $1.25/lb zinc.

5

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

üDeer Trail Project, Utah4:

 

·During Q1 2025, six pilot holes, targeting the highest priority targets at Deer Trail, totalling 1,783 metres of reverse circulation (“RC”) drilling were completed and cased at Deer Trail. The purpose of these six holes was to assess the feasibility of pre-collaring holes through the tough silicified and fractured quartzite rocks that have hampered historical drilling and setting up for core drilling at six of the best targets. The RC pre-collaring program has been successful in both reducing costs and increasing speed dramatically through the top 300 metres. Rock chips were sampled for the entire length of the six completed RC holes, with results pending.
·In Q2 2025, MAG expects to conduct passive Ambient Noise Tomography (“ANT”) 3D seismic, airborne radiometric, and magnetic surveys over the entire project area to better map geological contrasts and structures in the subsurface and allow for refined drill targeting of potential mineralization. Following these surveys, MAG will finalize targets for future drilling.

 

üLarder Project, Ontario5:
·During Q1 2025, the Larder project underwent a detailed geological synthesis of all data collected in 2024. Tasks performed include, but are not limited to, the following activities:
§planning the approximately 25,000 metres drill campaign at the Instant Pond zone, which in 2024 returned surface grab samples of up to 32.1 g/t gold, scheduled to start in the second quarter of 2025;
§prioritizing 2025 field targets;
§updating geological, geophysical, structural and geochemical models;
§permitting new zones for future exploration programs; and
§upgrading infrastructure at the main site.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4 Results of and an update on the Deer Trail Project were reported on February 24, 2025 (for more information, please see news release dated February 24, 2025 available under the Company’s SEDAR+ profile at www.sedarplus.ca).

5 Results of and an update on the Larder Project were reported on February 24, 2025 (for more information, please see news release dated February 24, 2025 available under the Company’s SEDAR+ profile at www.sedarplus.ca).

6

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

4. RESULTS OF JUANICIPIO

 

MAG owns 44% of Minera Juanicipio, S.A. de C.V. (“Minera Juanicipio”), a company incorporated under the laws of Mexico, which owns Juanicipio. Fresnillo is the mine operator and holds the remaining 56%. On December 27, 2021, for various business reasons, the Company and Fresnillo incorporated Equipos Chaparral, S.A. de C.V. (“Equipos Chaparral”) in the same ownership proportions as Minera Juanicipio for the purpose of holding the Juanicipio plant and mining equipment to be leased to Minera Juanicipio. Minera Juanicipio and Equipos Chaparral, are collectively referred to herein as “Juanicipio” or the “Juanicipio Mine”.

 

All results of Juanicipio in this section are on a 100% basis, unless otherwise noted. The Company’s attributable equity interest in Juanicipio is 44%.

 

Operating Performance

 

The following table and subsequent discussion provide a summary of the operating performance of Juanicipio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, unless otherwise noted.

 

Key mine performance data of Juanicipio (100% basis) Three months ended
March 31, March 31,
2025 2024
     
Metres developed (m) 3,654 4,069
     
Material mined (t) 347,467 325,081
Material processed (t) 337,017 325,683
     
Silver head grade (g/t) 430 476
Gold head grade (g/t) 1.24 1.33
Lead head grade (%) 1.61% 1.35%
Zinc head grade (%) 2.90% 2.50%
     
Equivalent silver head grade (g/t) (1) 660 713
     
Silver ounces sold (koz) 3,983 3,995
Gold ounces sold (koz) 8.72 8.90
Lead pounds sold (klb) 9,525 7,747
Zinc pounds sold (klb) 12,140 11,846
     
Equivalent silver ounces sold (koz) (2) 5,475 5,627

 

(1)Equivalent silver head grades have been calculated using the following price assumptions to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver head grade in 2025: $29/oz silver, $2,500/oz gold, $0.90/lb lead and $1.30/lb zinc (2024: $23/oz silver, $1,950/oz gold, $0.95/lb lead and $1.15/lb zinc).
(2)Equivalent silver ounces sold have been calculated using realized prices to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver ounces sold (metal quantity, multiplied by metal price, divided by silver price). Three months ended March 31, 2025 realized prices: $33.60/oz silver, $3,031.18/oz gold, $0.89/lb lead and $1.25/lb zinc (three months ended March 31, 2024 realized prices: $23.73/oz silver, $2,112.27/oz gold, $0.94/lb lead and $1.08/lb zinc).

 

7

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Health and Safety

 

The following table provides a summary of the safety performance of Juanicipio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

 

Key safety performance data of Juanicipio (100% basis) Three months ended
March 31, March 31,
2025 2024
     
Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) 2.9 4.1
Total Reportable Injury Frequency Rate (TRIFR)* 5.9 5.8
*  Includes lost time injury and medical treatment or first aid cases reported per 1,000,000 hours worked

 

On March 31, 2025 there were 1,735 employees and contractors working at Juanicipio (537 employees and 1,198 contractors), for a total of 1,023,400 hours worked during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

 

a)Underground Development

 

Underground development completed during Q1 2025 totalled 3.7 km (2.3 miles). The decrease of 10% in metres advanced over Q1 2024, is due to an overall reduction in the annual budget target as the mine matures and development requirements decrease. Underground mine infrastructure is well advanced and development continues to focus on:

·advancing the three internal spiral footwall ramps to be used to further access the Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources over the full strike length of the Valdecañas Vein System;
·making additional cross-cuts through the vein system and establishing new mining stopes;
·integrating additional ventilation and other associated underground infrastructure; and
·expanding operational support with items including pumpstations, electrical infrastructure, loading bays, and underground offices and workshops.

 

b)Mining

 

During Q1 2025, a total of 347,467 tonnes of ore were mined. This represents an increase of 7% over Q1 2024. Increases in mined tonnages at Juanicipio have been driven by access to the full strike length of the deposit and the operational ramp-up of the mine towards steady state mining and milling targets. Mining rates for the quarter were 4,009 tonnes per day (“tpd”).

 

The majority of production is currently coming from longhole stopes throughout all three zones of the mine, which is the preferred mining method.

 

8

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

c)Processing

 

During Q1 2025, a total of 337,017 tonnes of ore were processed through the Juanicipio plant. The 3% increase over Q1 2024 is mainly due to an increase in availability of the Juanicipio processing plant, currently operating at or above nameplate per operating day, during 2025.

 

The silver head grade and equivalent silver head grade for the ore processed in Q1 2025 were 430 g/t and 660 g/t (Q1 2024: 476 g/t and 713 g/t). The higher silver and lower base metal head grades in Q1 2024 were the result of processing ore from higher levels of the mine, characterized by elevated silver grade, compared to deeper areas in Q1 2025. Silver metallurgical recovery during Q1 2025 was 96% (Q1 2024: 89%) reflecting the commencement of commercial pyrite and gravimetric concentrate production during Q2 2024 delivering incremental silver and gold recovery paired with ongoing optimizations in the processing plant.

 

d)Total cash costs and all-in sustaining costs

 

The following table provides a summary of the total cash costs and all-in sustaining costs of Juanicipio for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024.

 

Key mine performance data of Juanicipio (100% basis) Three months ended
March 31, March 31,
2025  2024
     
Total cash costs (1) (3,641) 9,973
Cash cost per silver ounce sold ($/oz) (1) (0.91) 2.50
Cash cost per equivalent silver ounce sold ($/oz) (1) 8.50  8.66
     
All-in sustaining costs (1) 8,121  24,393
All-in sustaining cost per silver ounce sold ($/oz) (1) 2.04  6.11
All-in sustaining cost per equivalent silver ounce sold ($/oz) (1) 10.64  11.22

 

(1)Total cash costs, cash cost per ounce, cash cost per equivalent ounce, all-in sustaining costs, all-in sustaining cost per ounce, and all-in sustaining cost per equivalent ounce are non-IFRS measures, please refer to “Non-IFRS Measures” section of this MD&A for a detailed reconciliation of these measures to the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. Equivalent silver ounces sold have been calculated using realized prices to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver ounces sold (metal quantity, multiplied by metal price, divided by silver price). Three months ended March 31, 2025 realized prices: $33.60/oz silver, $3,031.18/oz gold, $0.89/lb lead and $1.25/lb zinc (three months ended March 31, 2024 realized prices: $23.73/oz silver, $2,112.27/oz gold, $0.92/lb lead and $1.08/lb zinc).

 

The cash cost per silver ounce sold1 and cash cost per equivalent silver ounce sold1 for the three months ending March 31, 2025 were negative $0.91/oz and $8.50/oz (three months ended March 31, 2024: $2.50/oz and $8.66). The decrease in cash cost per silver ounce sold1 is predominantly attributable to higher by-product revenues, as a result of higher realized metal prices (mainly 44% higher gold and 16% higher zinc prices). Additionally, the lower cash cost per silver ounce sold1 and cash cost per equivalent silver ounce sold1 were impacted by 8% lower production cost and 11% lower treatment and refining costs.

 

9

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

The all-in sustaining cost per ounce sold1 and all-in sustaining cost per equivalent silver once sold1 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $2.04/oz and $10.64/oz (three months ended March 31, 2024: $6.11/oz and $11.22/oz). The decrease in all-in sustaining cost per ounce sold1 and all-in sustaining cost per equivalent silver once sold1 was primarily due to the decrease in cash cost per silver ounce sold1 and cash cost per equivalent silver ounce sold1 described above. Additionally, the lower all-in sustaining cost per ounce sold1 and all-in sustaining cost per equivalent silver once sold1 were impacted by 14% lower sustaining capital expenditures and 28% lower general and administrative expenses.

 

e)Exploration Update

 

The Juanicipio exploration program expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2025 totalled $932 (three months ended March 31, 2024: $1,368), and included 6,992 metres of underground drilling. This drilling was primarily focused on infill drilling areas of the resource expected to be mined in the near to mid-term including Valdecañas, Anticipada, Ramal 1, Ramal 2 and Venadas veins. Q1 2025 drilling assay results are pending.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Financial Results

 

The following table presents excerpts of the financial results of Juanicipio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. 

 

   Three months ended
   March 31,  March 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Sales   175,235    123,689 
Cost of sales:          
Production cost   (33,662)   (36,787)
Depreciation and amortization   (20,583)   (22,038)
Gross profit   120,990    64,864 
Consulting and administrative expenses   (3,003)   (4,189)
Extraordinary mining and other duties   (3,415)   (1,392)
Interest expense   (79)   (3,979)
Exchange gains (losses) and other   731    (1,297)
Net income before tax   115,224    54,007 
Income tax expense   (38,340)   (14,249)
Net income (100% basis)   76,884    39,758 
MAG’s 44% portion of net income     33,829    17,494 
Interest on Juanicipio loans - MAG's 44%   35    1,751 
MAG’s 44% equity income   33,864    19,244 

 

Three months ended March 31, 2025

 

Sales increased by $51,546 during the three months ended March 31, 2025, due to 37% higher realized metal prices and $1,125 lower treatment and refining charges driven mainly by updated favorable benchmark treatment and refining pricing terms.

 

Production costs decreased by $3,124 mainly due to lower mining costs ($3,357) driven by lower labour, contractors and materials costs.

 

Depreciation decreased by $1,455 impacted by an increase in updated reserve base (yearly assessment) for the purpose of units of production depreciation calculation.

 

Cash operating margin (gross profit plus depreciation divided by sales) increased from 70% to 81%, mainly due to positive commodity price movements, lower treatment and refining costs and reduced operating costs.

 

Other expenses decreased by $5,091 mainly as a result of lower consulting and administrative expenses ($1,186), lower interest expense ($3,900) as Juanicipio reduced its outstanding shareholder loans balance by $209,920 over the course of 2024, and positive foreign exchange differences ($2,029) offset by higher selling costs and other duties ($2,023) which were impacted by higher metal prices and the commencement of commercial pyrite concentrate production during Q2 2024.

 

11

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Taxes increased by $24,091 mainly due to higher taxable profits generated during Q1 2025.

 

Gross Profit from Ore Processed at Juanicipio Plant (100% basis)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 (337,017 tonnes processed)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Amount

$

Metals Sold Quantity

Average Price

$

Amount

$

Silver 3,982,605 ounces 33.60 per oz      133,821 94,810
Gold 8,719 ounces 3,031 per oz 26,427       18,807
Lead 4,321 tonnes 0.89 per lb. 8,524 7,100
Zinc 5,507 tonnes 1.25 per lb.  15,203   12,836
Treatment, refining, and other processing charges  (8,740) (9,864)
Sales 175,235  123,689
Production cost  (33,662)      (36,787)
Depreciation and amortization  (20,583) (22,038)  
Gross Profit         120,990 64,484

 

Sales and treatment charges are recorded on a provisional basis and are adjusted based on final assay and pricing adjustments in accordance with the offtake contracts.

 

Cash Flow Results

 

The following table provides a summary of cash flows for Juanicipio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024: 

 

  Three months ended
  March 31, March 31,
  2025 2024
  $ $
Cash provided by (used in):    
Operating activities 86,399 42,521
Investing activities (8,836) (14,492)
Financing activities (125) (39,891)
Impact of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents (59) (59)
(Decrease) Increase in cash and cash equivalents during the period 77,379 (11,921)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 53,193 42,913
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 130,573 30,991

 

a)Cash flows from operating activities

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash flow from operating activities increased by $43,879 mainly as a result of higher operating margins driven by 37% higher realized metal prices offset by higher tax payments of $31,195.

 

12

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

b)Cash used in investing activities

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash used in investing activities decreased by $5,656 mainly due to lower working capital requirements in Q1 2025 (less down payments and project deposits were required) ($5,522), offset by higher expansionary capital expenditures ($1,533) linked to the Juanicipio conveyor project.

 

c)Cash from (used in) financing activities

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net cash used in financing activities decreased by $39,767 due to no loan and interest repayments to shareholders (three months ended March 31, 2024: $39,683).

 

5. DEER TRAIL PROJECT

 

BACKGROUND AND HISTORY

 

MAG executed an option agreement (the “Deer Trail Agreement”) effective December 20, 2018 to acquire and consolidate 100% of the historic Deer Trail mine and surrounding Alunite Ridge area in Piute County, Utah (the “Deer Trail Project”). The Deer Trail Project includes a mixture of patented and unpatented claims totaling approximately 6,500 hectares (“ha”). The counterparties to the Deer Trail Agreement contributed their respective Deer Trail claims and property rights to a newly formed company for a 99% interest in the company, with MAG holding the other 1% interest. MAG is the project operator and has the right to earn a 100% interest in the company and the Deer Trail Project, with the counterparties retaining a 2% net smelter returns royalty. In order to earn in 100%, MAG must make a total of $30,000 in escalating annual exploration expenditures (criteria met: $38,722 expended to March 31, 2025) and $2,000 in advanced royalty payments ($1,050 paid to March 31, 2025), both over the 10-year term of the Deer Trail Agreement, by December 2028. All minimum obligatory commitments under the Deer Trail Agreement have been satisfied as of March 31, 2025.

 

The Company believes that the Deer Trail Project is a silver-rich Carbonate Replacement Deposit related to one or more porphyry intrusive centres. Consolidating the property package allows MAG to apply its integrated district scale exploration model and apply new technologies to the search for an entire suite of mineralization systems expected to occur on the property.

 

Exploration at Deer Trail took a significant step forward in 2024 with work on two MAG discoveries, the Carissa copper-silver skarn and the Nodular Gold Zone, further outlining the scale of the mineralized hydrothermal system on the Deer Trail Project. MAG is well positioned to make targeted and cost-effective exploration decisions in 2025 with the tools in place to more confidently vector to mineralization with a large inventory of drill-ready targets. Results of and an update on the Deer Trail Project were reported on February 24, 2025 (for more information, please see news release dated February 24, 2025 available under the Company’s SEDAR+ profile at www.sedarplus.ca).

 

During Q1 2025, six holes totalling 1,783 metres (Q1 2024: 1,208 metres of diamond drilling) of RC drilling were completed at Deer Trail. The purpose of these six holes was to assess the feasibility of pre-collaring holes through the tough silicified and fractured quartzite rocks that have hampered drilling and setting up for core drilling at six of the best targets. The RC pre-collaring program has been successful in both reducing costs and increasing speed dramatically through the top 300 metres. Rock chips were sampled for the entire length of the six completed RC holes, with results pending.

 

13

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, and year ended December 31, 2024, the Company has incurred the following exploration and evaluation expenditures on the Deer Trail Project:

 

   March 31,  December 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Deer Trail Project          
Option and other payments   -    200 
Total acquisition costs   -    200 
Drilling and geotechnical   1,734    8,905 
Camp and site costs   99    401 
Land taxes and government fees   15    239 
Legal, community and other consultation costs   109    357 
Travel   34    182 
Total for the period   1,991    10,284 
Balance, beginning of period   37,599    27,315 
Total Deer Trail Project cost   39,590    37,599 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

6. LARDER PROJECT

 

BACKGROUND AND HISTORY

 

Through the acquisition of Gatling Exploration Inc. in 2022, the Company acquired 100% of the Larder Project in Ontario (the “Larder Project”), for which the Company recognized $15,187 in exploration and evaluation assets.

 

On March 22, 2024, the Company, through its Gatling subsidiary, acquired 100% ownership of the Goldstake property, contiguous to its Larder Project, from Goldstake Explorations Inc. and Transpacific Resources Inc., for consideration of C$5,000. The Goldstake Property has seen minimal exploration activity, however it displays hallmark features, common in large orogenic gold camps in the region including identified second and third order structures with shallow documented historical high-grade intercepts of 29.46 g/t gold over 10 metres and 28.65 g/t gold over 3 metres which are open at depth.

 

The Larder Project hosts numerous gold zones along the CLB, 35km east of Kirkland Lake and is comprised of patented and unpatented claims, leases and mining licenses of occupation within the McVittie and McGarry townships. The concessions associated with the Larder Project are all in good standing with various underlying obligations or royalties associated with individual mineral claims and varying payments upon a production announcement. MAG retained the Larder Project exploration team and has since added to it. Surface drilling at Twist, Swansea, Long Conglomerate, Kir Vit, and North Green Carbonate Zone totalled 41,447 metres in 2024. Results of and an update on the Larder Project were reported on February 24, 2025 (for more information, please see news release dated February 24, 2025 available under the Company’s SEDAR+ profile at www.sedarplus.ca).

 

During Q1 2025, the Larder project underwent a detailed geological synthesis of all data collected throughout the extensive drilling campaign which was concluded in 2024. Key tasks performed included the following:

·planning the approximately 25,000 metres drill campaign at the Instant Pond zone, which in 2024 returned surface grab samples of up to 32.1 g/t gold, scheduled to start in the second quarter of 2025;
·prioritizing 2025 field targets;
·updating geological, geophysical, structural and geochemical models;
·permitting new zones for future exploration programs; and
·upgrading infrastructure at the main site.

 

15

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, and year ended December 31, 2024, the Company has incurred the following exploration and evaluation expenditures on the Larder Project:

 

   March 31,  December 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Larder Project          
Acquisition of exploration property   -    3,802 
Total acquisition costs   -    3,802 
Drilling and geotechnical   1,037    10,896 
Camp and site costs   94    1,773 
Land taxes and government fees   4    40 
Legal, community and other consultation costs   89    535 
Travel   5    151 
Total for the period   1,229    17,197 
Balance, beginning of period   42,519    25,322 
Total Larder Project cost   43,748    42,519 

 

7. OUTLOOK

 

Juanicipio Outlook

 

All material mined at Juanicipio is now being processed through the Juanicipio processing facility, with the resulting gravimetric, lead (silver-rich) and zinc concentrates treated at market terms under offtake agreements with Met-Mex Peñoles, S.A. de C.V. (an affiliate of Fresnillo). A pyrite concentrate is also produced and sold at market terms by Fresnillo. The Operator Services Agreement became effective upon the declaration of commercial production on June 1, 2023, whereby Fresnillo and its affiliates will continue to operate the mine for a fee of $13,000 per annum. With the plant operating at nameplate capacity, the focus continues to be on cost and operational optimization.

 

As reported by Fresnillo, for 2025, silver production at Juanicipio is forecasted to range between 14.7 million and 16.7 million ounces yielding between 13.1 million and 14.9 million payable ounces. This guidance is based on a throughput rate of 4,000 tonnes per operating day at a head grade range of 380 g/t to 430 g/t silver. Gold head grade is expected to range between 1.2 g/t to 1.4 g/t. Cost guidance reflects ongoing optimization efforts and sustaining capital investments with cash cost4 and all-in sustaining cost4 forecast to range between ($1.00) to $1.00 and $6.00 to $8.00 per silver ounce sold, respectively. Sustaining capital expenditures for 2025 are estimated between $70,000 and $80,000, with key investments including:

·expansion of the tailings dam to provide approximately six years of deposition capacity; and
·development of underground workshops, electrical and pumping infrastructure, and ventilation systems to support continued mine development and operations.

 

 

16

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Expansionary capital expenditures for 2025 are estimated between $22 million and $28 million and are related to the installation of the underground conveyor system which is expected to be commissioned in late 2026 supporting expanded mining rates, delivering enhanced efficiencies and mining cost reductions.

 

Underground drilling at Juanicipio has a budget of 33,500 metres for 2025 and is planned to focus on infill drilling areas of the resource expected to be mined in the near to mid-term including Valdecañas, Anticipada, and Ramal 1, Ramal 2 and the Venadas veins. Also planned for 2025 are several exploration focused holes to test south of the conveyor ramp and between Valdecañas and the Juanicipio Veins.

 

A total of 17,000 metres of drilling from surface is planned for 2025. Targets slated to be tested include Cañada Honda, Juanicipio Deep, Mesa Grande and a newly mapped vein called Magdalena, about 3,500 metres west of the Valdecañas Vein swarm. Surface drilling is expected to commence in Q2 2025.

 

Juanicipio plans to do several property wide surveys including high resolution LiDAR, radiometric and magnetic surveys. These are data sets that will complement the already acquired property wide hyperspectral and ongoing mapping and sampling programs.

 

Deer Trail Outlook

 

In Q2 2025, MAG expects to conduct passive ANT 3D seismic, airborne radiometric, and magnetic surveys over the entire project area to better map geological contrasts and structures in the subsurface and allow for refined drill targeting of potential mineralization. Following these surveys, MAG expects to evaluate a plan to drill test resultant high priority targets. The exploration focus remains to systematically target high-grade polymetallic CRD/Skarn targets. MAG continues to explore all avenues to maximize shareholder value and reduce discovery risk and cost to move the Deer Trail Project forward given the scale of the opportunity at Deer Trail.

 

Larder Project Outlook

 

In 2025, exploration at the Larder project will concentrate on the new gold discoveries at the Instant Pond zone. Approximately 25,000 metres of drilling is planned using a two-rig program and scheduled to start in Q2 2025. This program is designed to investigate historical zones linked to syenite intrusions, as well as the new gold zones identified along east-west trending shear zones at the contact between syenite-gabbro and pillowed mafic volcanics.

 

The Larder team will also conduct a small field program to complete its coverage across the newly acquired Goldstake property and develop more targets along the syenite intrusion up towards the Rose zone.

 

17

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

8. SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY INFORMATION

 

Selected Quarterly Information

 

The following table summarizes selected financial data for the Company’s eight most recently completed financial quarters. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto. All figures are reported in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS”).

 

   2025  2024  2023
   Q1  Q4  Q3  Q2  Q1  Q4  Q3  Q2
   $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $
Income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio (1)  33,864  22,956  25,552  25,123  19,244  21,069  13,692  22,419
Interest income (2)  1,568  1,520  1,336  928  827  726  663  641
Other income (3)  -  249  533  650  537  388  269  233
General and administrative expenses  4,964  3,738  3,529  3,622  3,901  2,995  4,094  3,233
Net income (4)  28,744  18,978  22,292  21,614  14,895  15,694  8,862  19,390
Net income per share  0.28  0.18  0.22  0.21  0.14  0.14  0.09  0.19
Diluted net income per share  0.27  0.18  0.22  0.21  0.14  0.14  0.09  0.19

 

Notes:

(1)Income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio is often materially affected by changes in volatile metal prices, start-up and ramp-up activities associated with mining and processing, non-cash deferred tax movements related to assets as well as fluctuating feed grades as the operations approached steady state. In Q3 2023 the lower income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio was mainly due to lower realized metal prices and lower metal volumes, whereas in Q1 2025 the higher income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio was mainly due to higher realized metal prices and higher metal volumes.

 

(2)The Company’s only source of interest income during the quarters listed above was interest earned on cash, cash equivalents and term deposits. The amount of interest earned correlates directly to the amount of cash, cash equivalents and term deposits on hand during the period referenced and prevailing interest rates at the time. Interest from the Juanicipio loans, where MAG owns a 44% interest, is recognized through MAG’s income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio (see ‘Results of the Juanicipio’ above) as applicable.

 

(3)On February 16, 2023, the Company closed a $17,133 (C$23,024) bought deal private placement of Common Shares issued on a “flow-through” basis within the meaning of the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the “Flow-Through Shares”), for which the Company recorded a $2,986 Flow-Through Share premium liability. As eligible expenditures are incurred, the Company records associated amortization of the Flow-Through Share premium liability in other income. As at December 31, 2024, the Company has fully amortized its Flow-Through Share premium liability and therefore moving forward, no further corresponding income will be recognized.

 

(4)Net income (loss) by quarter is often materially affected by the timing and recognition of large non-cash expenses (specifically share-based payments, exploration and evaluation property impairments, and deferred tax changes) as discussed below when applicable in “Review of Financial Results”.

 

18

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

9. REVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS

 

Three months ended March 31, 2025 vs. Three months ended March 31, 2024

 

   For the three months ended
   March 31,  March 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
       
Income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio   33,864    19,244 
General and administrative expenses   (4,964)   (3,900)
General exploration and business development   (33)   (357)
Operating Income   28,867    14,987 
           
Interest income   1,568    827 
Other income   -    537 
Financing costs   (129)   (209)
Foreign exchange loss   13    (163)
Income before income tax   30,319    15,979 
           
Deferred income tax expense   (1,575)   (1,084)
           
Net income   28,744    14,895 

 

Income from equity accounted investment in Juanicipio increased to $33,864 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024: $19,244), representing the Company’s 44% equity interest in the Juanicipio Mine and is discussed above on a 100% basis in ‘Results of Juanicipio’.

 

General and administrative expenses increased to $4,964 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024: $3,900) due to compensation and consulting fees increasing to $2,185 (March 31, 2024: $1,174), impacted by severance and higher personnel and consultant fees in Q1 2025.

 

Interest income increased to $1,568 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024: $827) mainly due to higher cash balances compared to the comparative period.

 

Other income decreased to $nil during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024: $537) due to the Company fully amortizing its Flow-Through Share premium liability as of December 31, 2024.

 

Deferred income tax expense increased to $1,575 during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (March 31, 2024: $1,084) and is primarily driven by the income from the equity accounted investment in Juanicipio recognized by the Company.

 

19

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

10. FINANCIAL POSITION

 

The following table summarizes MAG’s financial position as at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 

   March 31,  December 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Assets          
Current assets          
Cash   156,401    162,347 
Other current assets   2,119    1,385 
Total current assets   158,520    163,732 
Non-current assets          
Investment in Juanicipio   397,732    364,014 
Exploration and evaluation assets   83,338    80,118 
Deferred financing fees   490    569 
Property and equipment   2,581    2,631 
Investments   12    8 
    484,153    447,340 
Total assets   642,673    611,072 
Liabilities          
Current liabilities   21,558    3,619 
Non-current liabilities   17,658    16,120 
Total liabilities   39,216    19,739 
Total equity   603,457    591,333 
Total liabilities and equity   642,673    611,072 

 

Cash totalled $156,401 as at March 31, 2025 compared to $162,347 at December 31, 2024, with the decrease primarily attributable to $4,009 spent on exploration and evaluation expenditures.

 

Other current assets as at March 31, 2025 include accounts receivable of $571 (December 31, 2024: $816) and prepaid expenses of $1,548 (December 31, 2024: $569).

 

The equity accounted investment in Juanicipio increased from $364,014 at December 31, 2024, to $397,732 at March 31, 2025. This movement was mainly driven by MAG’s share of earnings from Juanicipio of $33,864 - as depicted below in ‘Company’s investment in Juanicipio’.

 

Exploration and evaluation assets as at March 31, 2025 increased to $83,338 (December 31, 2024: $80,118) reflecting exploration expenditures incurred on the Deer Trail Project ($1,991) and the Larder Project ($1,229) during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

 

Current liabilities as at March 31, 2025 increased to $21,558 (December 31, 2024: $3,619) driven primarily by the $18,623 dividend declared in March 2025 (paid on April 21, 2025).

 

20

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Non-current liabilities of $17,658 as at March 31, 2025 (December 31, 2024: $16,120) includes a deferred income tax liability of $15,111 (December 31, 2024: $13,536), which is primarily driven by the income from the equity accounted investment in Juanicipio recognized by the Company, a lease obligation of $2,063 (December 31, 2024: $2,100), and a $484 reclamation provision (December 31, 2024: $484).

 

Company’s investment in Juanicipio

 

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s investment relating to its interest in Juanicipio as at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

 

   March 31,  December 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Balance, beginning of period   364,014    394,622 
Amortization of Juanicipio's oversight expenditures incurred 100% by MAG   (111)   (526)
Loan repayments from Juanicipio   -    (92,361)
Dividends received from Juanicipio   -    (26,400)
Total for the period   (111)   (119,287)
Income from equity accounted Investment in Juanicipio   33,864    92,875 
Interest earned, reclassified to accounts receivable   (35)   (4,197)
Balance, end of period   397,732    364,014 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

11. CASH FLOWS

  

The following table summarizes MAG Silver’s cash flow activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024:

 

   For the three months ended
   March 31,  March 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Operating activities before movements in non-cash          
working capital   (2,138)   (2,652)
Movements in non-cash working capital   (548)   (33)
Operating activities   (2,686)   (2,685)
Investing activities   (4,037)   8,653 
Financing activities   781    (44)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash   (4)   52 
Increase / (decrease) in cash during the period   (5,946)   5,976 
Cash, beginning of period   162,347    68,707 
Cash, end of period   156,401    74,683 

 

Operating Activities

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, MAG used $2,686 in cash for operations (March 31, 2024: $2,685) primarily for the payment of corporate office expenses and remained largely consistent period over period.

 

Investing Activities

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash used in investing activities amounted to $4,037 (March 31, 2024: cash from $8,653). The increase in cash used from investing activities was mainly driven by $4,009 in exploration and evaluation expenditures across the Deer Trail and Larder Projects (March 31, 2024: $8,806), offset by loan and interest repayments from Juanicipio of $nil (March 31, 2024: $17,459).

 

Financing Activities

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash received from financing activities amounted to $781 (March 31, 2024: cash used $44). The increase in cash received from financing activities mainly related to the issuance of Common Shares from exercising stock options amounting to $853 (March 31, 2024: $nil).

 

22

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

12. NON-IFRS MEASURES

 

The Company has included certain non-IFRS performance measures throughout this MD&A. These performance measures are employed by management to assess the Company’s operating and financial performance and to assist in business decision-making. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, certain investors and other stakeholders use this information to evaluate the Company’s operating and financial performance; however, as explained elsewhere herein, these non-IFRS performance measures do not have any standardized meaning and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards

 

Juanicipio does not calculate this information for use by both shareholders (Fresnillo 56%, and MAG 44%), rather it is calculated by the Company solely for the Company’s own disclosure purposes and may differ from the non-IFRS measures calculated and presented by Fresnillo. 

 

Cash cost per ounce

 

The Company has included the non-IFRS performance measure cash cost per ounce on a by-product basis throughout this MD&A. In the gold and silver mining industry, this is a common performance measure but does not have any standardized meaning. The Company follows the recommendations of the Gold Institute Production Cost Standard. The Gold Institute, which ceased operations in 2002, was a non-regulatory body and represented a global group of suppliers of gold and gold products. The production cost standard developed by the Gold Institute remains the generally accepted standard of reporting cash costs of production by many gold and silver mining companies. Management uses cash cost per ounce to monitor the operating performance of Juanicipio. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, some investors use this information to evaluate the Company’s performance and ability to generate cash flow, distribution of which is subject to the terms of the Juanicipio shareholders’ agreement. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards. Other companies may calculate cash cost per ounce differently.

 

 

23

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash cost per silver ounce of Juanicipio to production cost of Juanicipio on a 100% basis (the nearest IFRS Accounting Standards measure) as presented in the notes to the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. 

 

   Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands of US$, except per ounce amounts)  2025  2024
Production cost as reported   33,662    36,787 
Depreciation on inventory movements   695    673 
Adjusted production cost   34,358    37,460 
Treatment, refining, and other processing costs   8,740    9,864 
By-product revenues (1)   (50,154)   (38,743)
Extraordinary mining and other duties   3,415    1,392 
Total cash costs   (3,641)   9,973 
Add back by-product revenues (1)   50,154    38,743 
Total cash costs for equivalent silver   46,513    48,716 
Silver ounces sold   3,982,605    3,994,614 
Equivalent silver ounces sold (2)   5,475,234    5,626,959 
Cash cost per silver ounce sold ($/ounce)   (0.91)   2.50 
Cash cost per equivalent silver ounce sold ($/ounce)   8.50    8.66 

 

(1)By-product revenues relate to the sale of other metals namely gold, lead, and zinc.
(2)Equivalent silver ounces sold have been calculated using realized prices to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver ounces sold (metal quantity, multiplied by metal price, divided by silver price). Three months ended March 31, 2025 realized prices: $33.60/oz silver, $3,031.18/oz gold, $0.89/lb lead and $1.25/lb zinc (three months ended March 31, 2024 realized prices: $23.73/oz silver, $2,112.27/oz gold, $0.92/lb lead and $1.08/lb zinc).

 

All-in sustaining cost per ounce

 

In June 2013, the World Gold Council, a non-regulatory association of many of the world’s leading gold mining companies was established to promote the use of gold to industry, provided guidance for the calculation of “all-in sustaining cost per gold ounce” in an effort to encourage improved understanding and comparability of the total costs associated with mining and producing an ounce of gold. The Company, in applying the same methodology for its silver production, has adopted the reporting of “all-in sustaining cost per silver ounce”, which is a non-IFRS performance measure. The Company believes that the all-in sustaining cost per silver ounce measure provides additional insight into the costs of producing silver by capturing all of the expenditures required for the discovery, development and sustaining of silver production and allows the Company to assess Juanicipio’s ability to support capital expenditures to sustain future production from the generation of operating cash flows. The Company believes that, in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, some investors use this information to evaluate Juanicipio’s performance and ability to generate cash flow, distribution of which is subject to the terms of the Juanicipio shareholders’ agreement. Other companies may calculate all-in sustaining cost per ounce differently. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards. 

 

24

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

All-in sustaining costs adjust “Total cash costs” for G&A expenses, exploration expenditures (sustaining in nature), sustaining capital expenditures, sustaining capitalized exploration expenditures, sustaining lease payments and interest expense, and accretion on closure and reclamation costs. Exploration expenditures (sustaining in nature), sustaining capital expenditures, sustaining lease payments and interest expense, and accretion on closure and reclamation costs are not line items on Juanicipio’s financial statements. Sustaining capital expenditures are defined as those capital expenditures which do not materially benefit annual or life of mine silver ounce production at a mine site.

 

A material benefit to a mine site is considered to be at least a 10% increase in annual or life of mine production, net present value, or reserves compared to the remaining life of mine of the operation. As such, sustaining capital expenditures exclude all expenditures at Juanicipio which are deemed expansionary in nature (see reconciliation below). Accretion on reclamation and closure costs represents the growth in Juanicipio’s decommissioning provision due to the passage of time. This amount does not reflect cash outflows, but it is considered to be representative of the periodic costs of closure and reclamation. Lease payments on mining and service lease agreements represent cash outflows while interest expense represents the financing component inherent in the lease. Reclamation cost accretion and lease interest are included in finance expense in the Juanicipio’s results as disclosed in the notes to the 2024 Financial Statements. 

 

 

 

 

25

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of all-in sustaining costs of Juanicipio to production cost and various operating expenses of Juanicipio on a 100% basis (the nearest IFRS Accounting Standards measure), as presented in the notes to the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. 

 

   Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands of US$, except per ounce amounts)  2025  2024
Total cash costs   (3,641)   9,973 
General and administrative expenses   3,003    4,189 
Exploration   932    1,368 
Sustaining capital expenditures   7,623    8,598 
Sustaining lease payments   125    208 
Interest on lease liabilities   (11)   (16)
Accretion on closure and reclamation costs   90    72 
All-in sustaining costs   8,121    24,393 
Add back by-product revenues (1)   50,154    38,743 
All-in sustaining costs for equivalent silver   58,276    63,136 
Silver ounces sold   3,982,605    3,994,614 
Equivalent silver ounces sold (2)   5,475,234    5,626,959 
All-in sustaining cost per silver ounce sold ($/ounce)   2.04    6.11 
All-in sustaining cost per equivalent silver ounce sold ($/ounce)   10.64    11.22 
Average realized price per silver ounce sold ($/ounce)   33.60    23.73 
All-in sustaining margin ($/ounce)   31.56    17.63 
All-in sustaining margin ($/equivalent ounce)   22.96    12.51 
All-in sustaining margin   125,699    70,417 

 

(1)By-product revenues relate to the sale of other metals namely gold, lead, and zinc.
(2)Equivalent silver ounces sold have been calculated using realized prices to translate gold, lead and zinc to “equivalent” silver ounces sold (metal quantity, multiplied by metal price, divided by silver price). Three months ended March 31, 2025 realized prices: $33.60/oz silver, $3,031.18/oz gold, $0.89/lb lead and $1.25/lb zinc (three months ended March 31, 2024 realized prices: $23.73/oz silver, $2,112.27/oz gold, $0.92/lb lead and $1.08/lb zinc).

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company incurred corporate G&A expenses of $4,786 (three months ended March 31, 2024: $3,755), which exclude depreciation expense.

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company’s attributable silver ounces sold were 1,752,346 (three months ended March 31, 2024: 1,757,630) and attributable equivalent silver ounces sold were 2,409,103 (three months ended March 31, 2024: 2,475,862), resulting in additional all-in sustaining cost for the Company of $2.73/oz (three months ended March 31, 2024: $2.14/oz) and $1.99/oz (three months ended March 31, 2024: $1.52/oz), in addition to Juanicipio’s all-in-sustaining costs presented in the above table.

 

26

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

The following table reconciles sustaining capital expenditures (including exploration expenditures) to cash flow used in investing activities of Juanicipio on a 100% basis (the nearest IFRS Accounting Standards measure), as presented in the notes to the Q1 2025 Financial Statements.

 

   Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands of US$)  2025  2024
Cash used in investing activities - Juanicipio   8,836    14,492 
Less:          
Other investing activities   1,387    878 
Development expenditures (1)   (1,553)   (19)
Change in accounts payable and deposits related to capital expenditures not included in AISC   (115)   (5,385)
Total sustaining capital expenditures (including exploration)   8,555    9,966 
Less capitalized exploration expenditures   (932)   (1,368)
Total sustaining capital expenditures   7,623    8,598 

 

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA 

 

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) provides an indication of the Company’s continuing capacity to generate income from operations before considering the Company’s financing decisions and costs of amortizing capital assets. Accordingly, EBITDA comprises net income excluding interest expense, interest income, amortization and depletion, and income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA to exclude non-recurring items and non-cash items and includes the calculated Adjusted EBITDA of Juanicipio. Other companies may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently. 

 

 

 

 

27

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA attributable to the Company based on its economic interest in Juanicipio to net income (the nearest IFRS Accounting Standards measure) of the Company per the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. All adjustments are shown net of estimated income tax. 

 

   Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands of US$)  2025  2024
Net income after tax   28,744    14,895 
Add back (deduct):          
   Taxes   1,575    1,084 
   Depreciation and depletion   178    145 
   Finance costs (income and expenses)   (1,452)   (992)
EBITDA   29,045    15,132 
Add back (deduct):          
   Adjustment for non-cash share-based compensation   1,101    966 
Share of net earnings related to Juanicipio   (33,864)   (19,244)
MAG attributable interest in Junicipio Adjusted EBITDA   59,468    35,802 
Adjusted EBITDA   55,750    32,656 

 

The following table reconciles Juanicipio’s EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 to the results of Juanicipio as disclosed in Note 5 to the Q1 2025 Financial Statements.  

 

   Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands of US$)  2025  2024
Juanicipio net income after tax   76,884    39,758 
Add back (deduct):          
   Juanicipio taxes   38,340    14,249 
   Juanicipio depreciation and depletion   20,583    22,038 
   Juanicipio finance costs (income and expenses)   (652)   5,276 
Juanicipio EBITDA   135,154    81,321 
Add back (deduct):          
   Fixed asset write-down   -    47 
Juanicipio adjusted EBITDA   135,154    81,368 
MAG's attributable interest in Juanicipio adjusted EBITDA   59,468    35,802 

 

While the above figures reflect an estimate of the Company’s “attributable interest” in adjusted EBITDA generated from Juanicipio, cash and cash equivalents held by Juanicipio are not within the Company’s exclusive control as the distribution of cash from Juanicipio is at the discretion of Fresnillo subject to the provisions in the Juanicipio shareholders’ agreement.

 

28

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Free Cash Flow

 

The Company uses the financial measure free cash flow, which is a non-IFRS financial measure, to supplement information in the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. Free cash flow does not have any standardized meaning prescribed under IFRS Accounting Standards, and therefore it may not be comparable to similar measures employed by other companies. The Company believes that in addition to conventional measures prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, the Company and certain investors and analysts use this information to evaluate Juanicipio’s performance with respect to its operating cash flow capacity to meet non-discretionary outflows of cash. The presentation of free cash flow is not meant to be a substitute for the cash flow information presented in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, but should rather be evaluated in conjunction with such IFRS Accounting Standards measures. Free cash flow is calculated as cash flow from operating activities of Juanicipio adjusted for cash flows associated with sustaining and non-sustaining capital expenditures and payments made to mining contractors for leases capitalized under IFRS 16.

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of free cash flow of Juanicipio to its cash flow from operating activities on a 100% basis (the nearest IFRS Accounting Standards measure), as presented in Note 5 of the Q1 2025 Financial Statements.

 

   Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands of US$)  2025  2024
Cash flow from operating activities   86,399    42,521 
Less:          
   Cash flow used in investing activities   (8,836)   (14,492)
   Sustaining lease payments   (125)   (208)
Juanicipio free cash flow   77,438    27,820 

 

While the above figures reflect free cash flow generated at Juanicipio, cash and cash equivalents held by Juanicipio are not within the Company’s exclusive control as the distribution of cash from Juanicipio is at the discretion of Fresnillo subject to the provisions in the Juanicipio shareholders’ agreement.

 

13. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

As at March 31, 2025, MAG had working capital (current assets less current liabilities) of $136,962 (December 31, 2024: $160,113) including cash of $156,401 (December 31, 2024: $162,347) and no long-term debt. At March 31, 2025, Juanicipio had working capital of $178,853 (December 31, 2024: working capital $105,499) including cash of $130,573 (December 31, 2024: $53,193) (MAG’s attributable share is 44%). Future liquidity may depend upon the Company’s ability to repatriate capital from Juanicipio, arrange debt or additional equity financing.

 

29

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Dividends

 

MAG’s inaugural dividend payment of $18,623 ($0.18 per share) was made on April 21, 2025, to shareholders on record as of April 4, 2025.

 

MAG declared its second dividend, with a fixed component of $0.02 per share and an additional cash flow linked component of $0.18 per share (approximately 30% of cash received from Juanicipio), for a total dividend of $0.20 per share payable on May 28, 2025, to shareholders on record as of May 19, 2025.

 

On an ongoing basis, the Company intends to declare and pay a fixed quarterly dividend of $0.02 per share after the announcement of the Company’s quarterly financial results. In addition, at average realised silver prices of above $20 per ounce, the Company intends to augment the fixed dividend with a cash flow linked dividend targeted at approximately 30% of cash flows from Juanicipio received by MAG and linked to net cash metrics as determined by the Board from time to time.

 

The declaration and payment of dividends are at the sole discretion of the Board and will depend on the Company's financial results, financial condition, capital requirements, strategic and business development considerations, the need to retain cash to fund future growth of the business of the Company, the number of outstanding common shares and other factors deemed relevant by the Board.

 

The Company will review the dividend policy on an ongoing basis and may amend the policy at any time considering the Company’s then current financial position, profitability, cash flow, debt covenant compliance, legal requirements and other factors considered relevant. As such, no assurances can be made that any future dividends will be declared and/or paid. Dividends paid to shareholders outside Canada (non-resident investors) will be subject to Canadian non-resident withholding taxes.

 

MAG’s existing NCIB represents another mechanism through which to prudently return capital to shareholders.

 

NCIB

 

On May 15, 2024, MAG announced that the TSX had accepted the Company’s Notice of Intention to make a NCIB. Under the NCIB, the Company may purchase for cancellation up to an aggregate of 8,643,374 Common Shares, representing approximately 10% of the public float (as defined in the rules and policies of the TSX) of the Common Shares as of May 8, 2024. The Company’s purchases in the United States will be subject to a limit of 5,148,977 Common Shares, being 5% of the public float of the Common Shares as of May 8, 2024. The NCIB commenced on May 17, 2024 and will terminate on May 16, 2025, or earlier if the maximum number of Common Shares under the NCIB have been purchased or if the NCIB has been terminated by the Company. As at May 7, 2025 the Company has not repurchased any Common Shares under the terms of the NCIB. In addition, the Company entered into an automatic share purchase plan with its designated broker to allow for the purchase of Common Shares at times which the Company ordinarily would not be active in the market due to trading blackout periods, insider trading rules or otherwise.

 

30

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Shelf Prospectus

 

On May 31, 2024, MAG filed a final short form base shelf prospectus with the securities commissions in all of the provinces and territories of Canada (“Final Shelf Prospectus”) and a corresponding registration statement on Form F-10 with the SEC under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended and the U.S./Canada Multijurisdictional Disclosure System (“Registration Statement”) allowing the Company to offer up to $250,000 of Common Shares, preferred shares, debt securities, subscription receipts, units and warrants or any combination thereof during the 25-month period that the Final Shelf Prospectus remains effective. In order to maintain financial flexibility, and consistent with past practice, the Company has historically maintained a base shelf prospectus.

 

Revolving Credit Facility

 

In October 2023, the Company entered into a $40,000 senior secured revolving credit facility with the Bank of Montreal (the “Credit Facility”). There is a provision for an accordion feature whereby, upon request, the facility may be increased to $75,000 any time prior to the maturity date, at the discretion of the lender. The Credit Facility will bear interest on a sliding scale of Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or the Lender’s Base Rate on US Dollar commercial loans plus an applicable margin on a sliding scale of between 200 and 400 basis points based on the Company’s leverage ratio. Interest incurred on drawn amounts is to be paid quarterly. Commitment fees on the undrawn portion of the facility are calculated on a similar sliding scale of between 50 and 75 basis points, and are also to be paid on a quarterly basis. The term of the facility is 34 months, maturing on August 4, 2026, at which date any drawn amount is required to be repaid in full. All debts, liabilities and obligations under the facility are guaranteed by the Company’s material subsidiaries and secured by assets of the Company including the pledge of a material subsidiary. The facility includes a number of customary covenants (liquidity, leverage, tangible net worth) and conditions including limitations on acquisitions and investments (excluding exploration and capital expenditures) funded using cash with no limitations when equity is used as a funding source. As at March 31, 2025, the Company is in compliance with all applicable covenants.

 

As of March 31, 2025, the Company has not drawn down any funds from its Credit Facility, and as a result expensed $49 of commitment fees for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

 

31

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

14. CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

 

The following table discloses the contractual obligations of MAG and its subsidiaries as at March 31, 2025 for committed exploration work and other committed obligations.

 

   Total  Less than 1 year  1-3 Years  3-5 Years  More than 5 years
   $  $  $  $  $
Minera Juanicipio (1)   -    -    -    -    - 
Financing and consulting contractual commitments   419    279    140    -    - 
Total Obligations and Commitments (2)   419    279    140    -    - 

 

1)According to the operator, Fresnillo, as at March 31, 2025, contractual commitments including project development and for continuing operations and purchase orders issued for project capital, sustaining capital, and continuing operations total $16,798 (December 31, 2024: $21,776) with respect to Juanicipio, both on a 100% basis.

 

2)The Company also has discretionary commitments for property option payments and exploration expenditures as outlined in Note 6 of the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. There is no obligation to make any of those payments or to conduct any work on its optioned properties. As the Company advances them, it evaluates exploration results and determines at its own discretion which option payments to make and which additional exploration work to undertake in order to comply with the funding requirements.

 

Other than as disclosed above, there were no material changes in the specified contractual obligations of the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

15. SHARE CAPITAL INFORMATION

 

MAG Silver’s authorized capital consists of an unlimited number of Common Shares without par value. As at May 7, 2025, the following Common Shares, stock options, restricted share units, performance share units (“PSUs”), and deferred share units were outstanding:

 

  Number of shares Exercise Price (in Canadian dollars) or Conversion Ratio Remaining Life
Common shares 103,463,538 n/a n/a
Stock options  1,209,536 C$14.64 – C$23.53 0.69 to 4.99 years
Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) (1) 441,578      1:1 (1) 0.69 to 4.99 years
Restricted Share Units(“RSUs”)  232,989 1:1 0.81 to 4.99 years
Deferred Share Units (“DSUs”) (2) 524,126 1:1     n/a (2)
Fully Diluted 105,871,767    

 

(1) Includes 117,803 PSU grants where vesting is subject to a market price performance factor, each measured over a three-year performance period which will result in a PSU vesting range from 7,970 PSUs to 227,635 PSUs.

 

(2) To be share settled, but no Common Shares are to be issued in respect of a participant in MAG’s deferred share unit plan prior to such eligible participant’s termination date.

 

16. OTHER ITEMS

 

Cyber Security

 

The Company’s operations depend, in part, on the efficient operation and management of the Company’s information technology and operational systems in a secure manner that minimizes cyber risks. A breach of the Company’s systems could have a material adverse impact on the Company, its operations and reputation. 

 

There has been an increase in cyber security incidents globally over the past several years and this trend is expected to continue and intensify as global reliance on technology continues to increase. The Company has programs and strategies in place that are designed to mitigate the risk of cyber-attacks and to allow the Company to recover from cyber security incidents as rapidly as possible should one occur. The Company monitors, assesses and works to improve the effectiveness of its technology programs and strategies, taking into account best industry practices. The Company has not experienced any material information security breach in the last three years, nor has it experienced any known material losses relating to cyber-attacks or other data/information security since its inception.

 

33

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

The Company has policies and programs in place to manage cyber risks. Such programs focus primarily on the following:

·protecting the Company’s assets from cyber-attacks and safeguarding sensitive information;
·improving cyber security protection, detection, incident response and recovery capabilities to minimize impact of adverse cyber events;
·adopting practices to reduce third-party cyber security risks;
·ongoing cyber security awareness in the workforce and the annual distribution of an information technology security policy;
·quarterly briefings by senior management of the Company to the Audit Committee on information security matters; and
·embedding security by design across the Company to proactively assess and manage cyber risk.

 

The above policies and programs are subject to oversight by the Company’s management team and Board. The Audit Committee, which is comprised entirely of independent directors, has been tasked with assisting the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with regard to information security and cyber risks, and the policies, guidelines and mechanisms that management has put in place to govern the process of monitoring, controlling and reporting such risks. The Audit Committee receives reports from management on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as required, on the identification, assessment and management of such risks. The Audit Committee reports to the Board on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as required, with respect to these risks and the steps implemented by management to manage them.

 

At Juanicipio, Fresnillo the mine operator, employs various methods to foster and elevate the cybersecurity culture, including workshops, communications, campaigns and exercises. This extends to working closely with information technology departments, contributing to the definition and establishment of best practices and security standards.

 

17. TREND INFORMATION

 

As both the price and market for silver are volatile and difficult to predict, a significant decrease in the silver price and to a lesser extent gold, zinc and lead prices, could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s operations and market value.

 

Negative geopolitical events, including the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, may cause increased economic volatility and adversely affect the Company.

 

The imposition of trade tariffs, particularly by the U.S., or other trade restrictions could have significant repercussions for Canadian and Mexican businesses, and the broader economy. Increased costs of goods and services may contribute to inflation. Overall, trade policy restrictions create financial uncertainty for companies, disrupt trade relationships, and put downward pressure on economic growth. These tariffs, and any changes to these tariffs or imposition of any new tariffs, taxes or import or export restrictions or prohibitions, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business.

 

The nature of MAG’s business is demanding of capital for property acquisition costs, exploration commitments, development and holding costs. MAG’s liquidity is affected by the results of its own acquisition, exploration and advancement of mineral projects activities. The acquisition or discovery of an economic mineral deposit on one of its mineral property interests may have a favourable effect on the Company’s liquidity, and conversely, the failure to acquire or find one may have a negative effect. In addition, access to capital to fund exploration and development companies is at times challenging in public markets, which could limit the Company’s ability to meet its objectives.

 

34

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Obtaining exploration permits in all the jurisdictions in which the Company operates, often encounters First Nations, and other forms of community resistance. Likewise, surface rights in Mexico are often owned by local communities or “ejidos” and there has been a trend in Mexico of increasing ejido challenges to existing surface right usage agreements. The Company has already been impacted by this trend at its Cinco de Mayo Project. Any further challenge to the access or exploration of any of the properties in which MAG has an interest may have a negative impact on the Company, as the Company may incur delays and expenses in defending such challenges and, if a challenge is successful, the Company’s interest in a property could be materially adversely affected.

 

On March 28, 2023, a legislative initiative aimed at amending multiple legal codes, inclusive of the Mexican Federal Mining Law (the “Federal Mining Law”), was presented to the Mexican Congress by the President of Mexico. The proposed amendments pertain to, among other matters, granting of future mining permits and transfer of permits, shortening concession life, granting of future water permits, mine reclamation, profit-sharing requirements to distribute at least 7% of profits to local indigenous communities and management of mine waste. This initiative underwent a series of reviews and modifications, culminating in preliminary approval by the lower house of Congress, the Chamber of Deputies, on April 20, 2023. On April 29, 2023, the Mexican Senate approved the legislation. The amendments were approved by Mexico’s Federal Executive Branch and published in the Official Gazette of the Mexican Federation on May 8, 2023, bringing the amendments into law on May 9, 2023.

 

In 2024, the Supreme Court ordered the suspension of 19 amparos (constitutional injunctions) filed against the 2023 mining reforms. This suspension applies to all mining and water concessions that include: the Mining Law, the National Water Law, the General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection, and the General Law for the Prevention and Comprehensive Management of Waste.

 

In October 2024, the Supreme Court resolved an appeal filed against the Fifth Transitory Article of the Mining Law reform, which mandated the rejection of pending mining concession applications. The Court ruled that this provision violated the principle of non-retroactivity, ordering that such applications be processed under the laws in effect at the time of filing. This decision sets an important precedent for the application of the current Mining Law, recognizing that applications filed before the entry into force of a new law must be resolved in accordance with the rules in effect at the time of filing.

 

Numerous legal challenges to the legality and constitutionality of several aspects of these changes have been filed with various Mexican courts and there is a possibility that the Supreme Court will declare the reforms invalid due to violations committed during the legislative process. Juanicipio remains committed to monitoring these judicial proceedings with the utmost attention.

 

35

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

18. RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

 

The Company’s securities should be considered a highly speculative investment and investors are directed to carefully consider all of the information disclosed in the Company’s Canadian and U.S. regulatory filings prior to making an investment in the Company, including the risk factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s most recent Annual Information Form available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca and incorporated by reference herein.

 

The Credit Facility includes certain customary restrictive covenants. The Company does not currently anticipate any significant risk in complying with the financial ratios or financial covenants contained in the Credit Facility. However, if the current facts and circumstances faced by the Company were to change due to unexpected operational issues or due to other factors beyond the Company’s control, such changes could result in the Company being subject to certain restrictions under, or being found in default of, the Credit Facility. Future exploration work and development of the properties in which the Company has an interest may depend upon the Company’s ability to repatriate capital from its interest in the Juanicipio Mine, obtain financing through joint venturing of projects, raise additional debt or equity finance, maintain the Credit Facility or raise financing though other means. Failure to obtain access to such financing on a timely basis may have an adverse impact on the business of the Company.

 

 

The imposition of trade tariffs, particularly by the U.S., or other trade restrictions could have significant repercussions for Canadian and Mexican businesses, and the broader economy. Increased costs of goods and services may contribute to inflation. These tariffs, and any changes to these tariffs or imposition of any new tariffs, taxes or import or export restrictions or prohibitions, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. Furthermore, there is a risk that the tariffs imposed by the U.S. on other countries will trigger a broader global trade war which could have a material adverse effect on the Canadian, Mexican, U.S. and global economies. Overall, trade policy restrictions create financial uncertainty for companies, disrupt trade relationships, and put downward pressure on economic growth.

 

In addition, the Company is exposed to a variety of financial instrument-related risks in the normal course of operations. The Company’s financial instruments include cash, accounts receivable, investments, trade and other payables and a lease obligation. A discussion with respect to the fair value of such instruments is included in Note 11 of the Q1 2025 Financial Statements. The Company examines the various financial instrument related risks to which it is exposed and assesses the impact and likelihood of those risks. These risks may include market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, currency risk and interest rate risk. Management’s objectives, policies and procedures for managing these risks are disclosed in Note 10 of the Q1 2025 Financial Statements.

 

36

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

 

19. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

MAG has no off-balance sheet arrangements.

 

20. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

The Company does not maintain offices or personnel in Mexico but receives administrative and exploration services via a Field Services Agreement with Minera Cascabel, S.A. de C.V. (“Cascabel”) and IMDEX Inc. (“IMDEX”). Dr. Peter Megaw, the Company’s former Chief Exploration Officer (“CXO”) and a principal of both IMDEX and Cascabel, was remunerated through fees paid to IMDEX. Effective May 21, 2024, Dr. Megaw resigned as CXO and now serves as a technical consultant. As Dr. Megaw no longer provides key management personnel services per IAS 24, he is no longer considered a related party. Related party transactions with Cascabel and IMDEX are disclosed only up to the date of his retirement from executive duties.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

37

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred expenses with Cascabel and IMDEX as follows:

 

   For the three months ended
   March 31,  March 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
       
Fees related to Dr. Megaw:          
Exploration and marketing services   -    58 
Travel and expenses   -    11 
Other fees to Cascabel and IMDEX:          
Administration for Mexican subsidiaries   -    14 
Field exploration services   -    45 
Share-based payments (non-cash)   -    95 
    -    223 

 

All transactions are incurred in the normal course of business and are negotiated on arm’s length terms between the parties for all services rendered. A portion of the expenditures are incurred on the Company’s behalf and are charged to the Company on a “cost + 10%” basis. The services provided do not include drilling and assay work which are contracted out independently from Cascabel and IMDEX.

 

Any amounts due to related parties arising from the above transactions are unsecured, non-interest bearing and are due upon receipt of invoices.

 

The following details of the Company’s significant subsidiary and controlling ownership interests are as follows:

 

Name Country of Incorporation Principal Asset MAG’s effective interest
      2025 (%) 2024 (%)
Minera Los Lagartos, S.A. de C.V. Mexico Juanicipio (44%) 100% 100%

 

Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this section.

 

As at March 31, 2025, Fresnillo and the Company have advanced, net of aggregate repayments, $4,666 as shareholder loans (MAG’s 44% share $2,053) to Juanicipio, bearing interest at 6 months SOFR + 2%. Interest recorded by the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2025 totalling $35 (three months ended March 31, 2024: $1,751) has been included in MAG’s income from its equity accounted investment in Juanicipio.

 

38

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, compensation of key management personnel (including directors) was as follows:

 

   For the three months ended
   March 31,  March 31,
   2025  2024
   $  $
Salaries and other short term employee benefits   693    691 
Share-based payments (non-cash)   812    740 
    1,505    1,431 

 

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Company, directly or indirectly, and consists of its directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Sustainability Officer, and the Chief Development Officer.

 

21. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, SIGNIFICANT ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

 

(a)Significant judgments

 

In preparing the unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements of the Company as at March 31, 2025, the Company makes judgments when applying its accounting policies. The judgments that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the Q1 2025 Financial Statements have been set out in Note 5 of the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.

 

(b)Significant estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed. These estimates are based on management’s knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances, having regard to previous experience, but actual results may differ materially from the amounts included in the consolidated financial statements. Information about assumptions and other sources of estimating uncertainty that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next 12 months have been set out in Note 5 of the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.

 

 

39

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

22. CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

 

The accounting policies applied in the preparation of the Q1 2025 Financial Statements are consistent with those applied and disclosed in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.

 

23. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

The Company has filed certificates signed by the CEO and the CFO that, among other things, report on the design of disclosure controls and procedures and the design of internal controls over financial reporting as at March 31, 2025.

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to provide reasonable assurance that all relevant information required to be disclosed by the Company is accumulated and communicated to senior management as appropriate and recorded, processed, summarized and reported to allow timely decisions with respect to required disclosure, including in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation.

 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

MAG Silver also maintains a system of internal controls over financial reporting, as defined by National Instrument 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings in order to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and financial information is accurate and reliable and in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards. The Company retains a third-party specialist annually to assist in the assessment of its internal control procedures. The Board approves the financial statements and MD&A before they are publicly filed and ensures that management discharges its financial responsibilities. The unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements and MD&A for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were approved by the Board on May 7, 2025. The Board’s review is accomplished principally through the Audit Committee, which is composed of independent non-executive directors. The Audit Committee meets periodically with management and auditors to review financial reporting and control matters.

 

The Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, believe that any internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed, can have inherent limitations. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable (not absolute) assurance that the objectives of the control system are met and as such, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. The CEO and CFO have designed the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2025 based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards.

 

40

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

There have been no changes in internal controls over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, MAG’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

24. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Additional information on the Company, including the Company’s most recent Annual Information Form is available for viewing under MAG’s profile on the SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca and on SEC’s EDGAR website at www.sec.gov.

 

25. CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS

 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

Certain information contained in this MD&A, including any information relating to MAG’s future oriented financial information and financial outlook, are “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Canadian and United States securities legislation (collectively herein referred as “forward-looking statements”), including the “safe harbour” provisions of provincial securities legislation, the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

·statements that address the declaration, timing, amount, and payment of future dividends, including future cash flow linked dividends and future periodic dividends;
·statements that address the tax treatment of the dividends for non-resident investors;
·statements that address maintaining the nameplate 4,000 tpd milling rate at Juanicipio;
·statements that address our expectations regarding exploration and drilling;
·statements regarding production expectations and nameplate;
·statements regarding the expected use of the Credit Facility;
·statements regarding the NCIB and any future purchases to be made thereunder;
·statements regarding the Final Shelf Prospectus;
·statements regarding additional information from future drill programs;
·estimated project economics, including but not limited to, plant or mill recoveries, metals produced, metal grades, metals sold, underground mining rates;
·the estimation of Mineral Resources;
·estimated future exploration and development operations and corresponding expenditures and other expenses for specific operations;
·the expected capital, sustaining capital and working capital requirements at Juanicipio, including the potential for additional cash calls;
·forecasted ranges for cash costs and all-in sustaining costs at Juanicipio;
·production rates, payback time, capital and operating and other costs, internal rate of return, anticipated life of mine, and mine plan;
·the effects on the Company as a result of shifts in the price and market of silver;

 

41

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

·mining methodology expectations;
·distinctly different mineralization styles expectations;
·expected timing and results of surveying methodology;
·expected upside from additional exploration;
·expected results from Deer Trail Project and Carissa zones drilling;
·expected results from Larder Project at the Fernland, Cheminis, Bear, Swansea, Long Conglomerate, Kir Vit, Twist and Instant Pond zones and other regional targets;
·expected capital requirements and sources of funding;
·the effects of First Nations and other forms of community resistance on mining operations;
·the Company’s ability to repatriate capital from the Juanicipio Mine, obtain financing through the joint venturing of projects and raise additional debt, equity or other sources of financing;
·the Company’s participation in equity investments;
·statements regarding legal challenges to the amended Federal Mining Law;
·statements regarding the Company’s ability to meet business objectives and milestones; and
·other future events or developments.

 

When used in this MD&A, any statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events of performance (often but not always using words or phrases such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “plan”, “strategy”, “goals”, “objectives”, “project”, “potential” or variations thereof or stating that certain actions, events, or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved, or the negative of any of these terms and similar expressions), as they relate to the Company or management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the Company’s current views with respect to future events and are subject to certain known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions.

 

Future-oriented financial information and financial outlook are presented in this MD&A for the purpose of assisting investors and others in understanding certain key elements of the Company’s financial results and business plan, as well as the objectives, strategic priorities and business outlook of the Company, and in obtaining a better understanding of the Company’s anticipated operating environment. Readers are cautioned that such future-oriented financial information or financial outlook may not be appropriate for other purposes.

 

Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon estimates and assumptions, which are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company’s control and many of which, regarding future business decisions, are subject to change. Assumptions underlying the Company’s expectations regarding forward-looking statements contained in this MD&A include, among others: MAG’s ability to carry on its various exploration and development activities including project development timelines, the timely receipt of required approvals and permits, the price of the minerals produced, the costs of operating, exploration and development expenditures, the impact on operations of the Mexican tax regime and proposed amendments to applicable Mexican legislation, including the Federal Mining Law, MAG’s ability to obtain adequate financing, and outbreaks or threat of an outbreak of a virus or other contagions or epidemic disease will be adequately responded to locally, nationally, regionally and internationally.

 

42

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Although MAG believes the expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, such statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or developments may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and many factors could cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements including amongst others: commodities prices; changes in expected mineral production performance; unexpected increases in capital costs or cost overruns; exploitation and exploration results; continued availability of capital and financing; general economic, market or business conditions; risks relating to the Company’s business operations; risks relating to the financing of the Company’s business operations; risks related to the Company’s ability to comply with restrictive covenants and maintain financial covenants pursuant to the terms of the Credit Facility; the expected use of the Credit Facility; risks relating to the operation of Juanicipio and the minority interest investment in the same; risks relating to the Company’s property titles; risks related to receipt of required regulatory approvals; pandemic risks; conflicts in Europe and the Middle East; the potential impact of any tariffs, countervailing duties or other trade restrictions; risks relating to the Company’s financial and other instruments; operational risk; environmental risk; political risk; currency risk; market risk; capital cost inflation risk; risk relating to construction delays; the risk that data is incomplete or inaccurate; the risks relating to the limitations and assumptions within drilling, engineering and socio-economic studies relied upon in preparing economic assessments and estimates; as well as those risks more particularly described under the heading “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Information Form available under the Company’s profile on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca. 

 

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described herein. This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect any of the Company’s forward-looking statements. The Company’s forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs, expectations and opinions of management on the date the statements are made and, other than as required by applicable securities laws, the Company does not assume any obligation to update forward-looking statements if circumstances or management’s beliefs, expectations or opinions should change. For the reasons set forth above, investors should not attribute undue certainty to or place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

 

Cautionary Note for United States Investors

 

Unless otherwise indicated, technical disclosure regarding the Company’s properties included or incorporated by reference herein, including all Mineral Resource estimates contained in such technical disclosure has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of NI 43-101 and the CIM Definition Standards. NI 43-101 is an instrument developed by the Canadian Securities Administrators that establishes standards for all public disclosure an issuer makes of scientific and technical information concerning mineral projects.

 

43

MAG SILVER CORP.

Management’s Discussion & Analysis

For the three months ended March 31, 2025

(expressed in thousands of US dollars except as otherwise noted)

 

Canadian standards, including NI 43-101, differ significantly from the disclosure requirements of the SEC under subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (the “SEC Modernization Rules”). The Company is not required to provide disclosure on its mineral properties under the SEC Modernization Rules and provides disclosure under NI 43-101 and the CIM Definition Standards. Accordingly, information contained in this MD&A, or the documents incorporated by reference herein, may differ significantly from the information that would be disclosed had the Company prepared the Mineral Resource estimates under the standards adopted under the SEC Modernization Rules.

 

Cautionary Note to Investors Concerning Estimates of Mineral Resources

 

“Inferred Mineral Resources” are Mineral Resources for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated based on limited geological evidence and sampling. Geological evidence is sufficient to imply but not verify geological and grade or quality continuity. “Inferred Mineral Resources” are based on limited information and have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility, although it is reasonably expected that the majority of “Inferred Mineral Resources” could be upgraded to “Indicated Mineral Resources” with continued exploration.

 

Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred Mineral Resources are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them to enable them to be categorized as Mineral Resources and, accordingly, may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, or economic studies except for a Preliminary Economic Assessment as defined under NI 43-101. Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Resources do not have demonstrated economic viability.

 

 

 

 

 

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