10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _______ to _______

Commission File Number: 001-38546

NEURONETICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	33-1051425
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
3222 Phoenixville Pike, Malvern, PA	19355
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)
(610) 640-4202
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not applicable.

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol (s)	Name on each exchange on which registered
Common Stock ($0.01 par value)	STIM	The Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 28,873,388 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of August 2, 2023.

NEURONETICS, INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023

Table of Contents

		Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements.	3
	Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	3
	Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	4
	Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	5
	Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022	6
	Notes to Interim Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.	22
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.	32
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures.	32
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings.	34
Item 1A.	Risk Factors.	34
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.	34
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities.	34
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures.	34
Item 5.	Other Information.	34
Item 6.	Exhibits.	35
	SIGNATURES	36

2

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.     Financial Statements.

NEURONETICS, INC.

Balance Sheets

(Unaudited; In thousands, except per share data)

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	45,905	$	70,340
Accounts receivable, net		13,145		13,591
Inventory		8,871		8,899
Current portion of net investments in sales-type leases		1,072		1,538
Current portion of prepaid commission expense		2,204		1,997
Current portion of notes receivable		1,975		230
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,504		2,174
Total current assets		77,676		98,769
Property and equipment, net		2,108		1,991
Operating lease right-of-use assets		3,056		3,327
Net investments in sales-type leases		859		1,222
Prepaid commission expense		7,980		7,568
Long-term notes receivable		4,671		362
Other assets		4,042		3,645
Total Assets	$	100,392	$	116,884
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	4,143	$	2,433
Accrued expenses		8,375		14,837
Deferred revenue		1,674		1,980
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		834		824
Current portion of long-term debt, net		—		13,125
Total current liabilities		15,026		33,199
Long-term debt, net		36,713		22,829
Deferred revenue		513		829
Operating lease liabilities		2,663		2,967
Total Liabilities		54,915		59,824
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)		—		—
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 10,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding on June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 200,000 shares authorized; 28,813 and 27,268 shares issued and outstanding on June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively		288		273
Additional paid-in capital		406,502		402,679
Accumulated deficit		(361,313)		(345,892)
Total Stockholders' Equity		45,477		57,060
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	100,392	$	116,884

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim financial statements.

3

NEURONETICS, INC.

Statements of Operations

(Unaudited; In thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenues	$	17,610	$	16,329	$	33,150	$	30,510
Cost of revenues		4,836		4,039		8,980		7,524
Gross Profit		12,774		12,290		24,170		22,986
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		11,559		13,685		23,461		26,334
General and administrative		6,200		6,356		12,812		12,734
Research and development		2,364		2,045		5,154		3,849
Total operating expenses		20,123		22,086		41,427		42,917
Loss from operations		(7,349)		(9,796)		(17,257)		(19,931)
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		1,144		1,000		2,396		1,978
Other income, net		(3,592)		(374)		(4,232)		(649)
Net Loss	$	(4,901)	$	(10,422)	$	(15,421)	$	(21,260)
Net loss per share of common stock outstanding, basic and diluted	$	(0.17)	$	(0.39)	$	(0.54)	$	(0.80)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		28,590		26,787		28,316		26,692

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim financial statements.

4

NEURONETICS, INC.

Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited; In thousands)

				Additional				Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021	26,395	$	264	$	393,644	$	(308,733)	$	85,175
Share-based awards and options exercises	322		3		6		—		9
Share-based compensation expense	—		—		2,252		—		2,252
Net loss	—		—		—		(10,838)		(10,838)
Balance at March 31, 2022	26,717	$	267	$	395,902	$	(319,571)	$	76,598
Share-based awards and options exercises	139		1		42		—		43
Share-based compensation expense	—		—		2,203		—		2,203
Net loss	—		—		—		(10,422)		(10,422)
Balance at June 30, 2022	26,856	$	268	$	398,147	$	(329,993)	$	68,422
Balance at December 31, 2022	27,268	$	273	$	402,679	$	(345,892)	$	57,060
Share-based awards and options exercises	1,197		12		(12)		—		—
Share-based compensation expense	—		—		1,805		—		1,805
Net loss	—		—		—		(10,520)		(10,520)
Balance at March 31, 2023	28,465	$	285	$	404,472	$	(356,412)	$	48,345
Share-based awards and options exercises	348		3		(3)		—		—
Share-based compensation expense	—		—		2,033		—		2,033
Net loss	—		—		—		(4,901)		(4,901)
Balance at June 30, 2023	28,813	$	288	$	406,502	$	(361,313)	$	45,477

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim financial statements.

5

NEURONETICS, INC.

Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited; In thousands)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(15,421)	$	(21,260)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,004		657
Allowance for credit losses		(266)		328
Share-based compensation		3,838		4,455
Non-cash interest expense		322		340
Cost of rental units purchased by customers		—		92
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		(5,456)		(4,013)
Inventory		(7)		(840)
Net investments in sales-type leases		828		102
Prepaid commission expense		(620)		(610)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(2,762)		1,517
Accounts payable		1,577		(2,256)
Accrued expenses		(6,462)		1,451
Deferred revenue		(622)		(1,095)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities		(24,047)		(21,132)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software		(938)		(2,040)
Repayment of notes receivable		113		—
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities		(825)		(2,040)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Payments of debt issuance costs		(863)		(90)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		2,500		—
Repayment of long-term debt		(1,200)		—
Proceeds from exercises of stock options		—		52
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities		437		(38)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents		(24,435)		(23,210)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period		70,340		94,141
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period	$	45,905	$	70,931
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	2,075	$	1,638
Transfer of inventory to property and equipment		36		219
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	134	$	308
Reduction of accounts receivable in current and long-term notes receivable		6,330		—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim financial statements.

6

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.     DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Neuronetics, Inc. (the “Company”) is a commercial stage medical technology company focused on designing, developing and marketing products that improve the quality of life for patients who suffer from neurohealth disorders. The Company’s first commercial product, the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System, is a non-invasive and non-systemic office-based treatment that uses transcranial magnetic stimulation (“TMS”) to create a pulsed, MRI-strength magnetic field that induces electrical currents designed to stimulate specific areas of the brain associated with mood. The system was cleared in 2008 by the United States (“U.S.”) Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) to treat adult patients with major depressive disorder (“MDD”) who have failed to achieve satisfactory improvement from prior antidepressant medication in the current MDD episode. The NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System is also available in other parts of the world, including Japan, where it is listed under Japan’s national health insurance. The Company intends to continue to pursue development of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System for additional indications.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $45.9 million and an accumulated deficit of $361.3 million. The Company incurred negative cash flows from operating activities of $24.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and $30.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company has incurred operating losses since its inception, and management anticipates that its operating losses will continue in the near term as the Company continues to invest in sales, marketing and product development activities. The Company’s primary sources of capital to date have been proceeds from its initial public offering (“IPO”), private placements of its convertible preferred securities, borrowings under its credit facility, proceeds from its secondary public offering of common stock and revenues from sales of its products. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had $37.5 million of borrowings outstanding under its credit facility, which has a final maturity in March 2028. Management believes that the Company’s cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2023, and anticipated revenues from sales of its products are sufficient to fund the Company’s operations for at least the next 12 months from the issuance of these financial statements.

2.     BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared from the books and records of the Company in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which permit reduced disclosures for interim periods. All adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the accompanying balance sheets and statements of operations and stockholders’ equity and cash flows have been made. Although these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete annual financial statements, management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Unaudited interim results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Unaudited interim financial statements and footnotes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023, wherein a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information can be found.

7

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC requires the use of estimates and assumptions, based on judgments considered reasonable, which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Although management believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable when made, they are based upon information available at the time they are made. Management evaluates the estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and, if necessary, makes adjustments. Due to the risks and uncertainties involved in the Company’s business and evolving market conditions, and given the subjective element of the estimates and assumptions, actual results may differ materially from estimated results.

3.     SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s complete summary of significant accounting policies can be found in “Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023.

4.     RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

New Accounting Standards Adopted by the Company

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“Topic 326”). This ASU provides guidance for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses model. The FASB subsequently issued ASU 2019-04, to clarify and address certain items related to the amendments in Topic 326.

ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief, was issued to provide entities that have certain instruments within the scope of ASC 326 with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option under ASC 825-10, Financial Instruments - Overall, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments. ASU 2019-10, Topic 326, Topic 815, and Topic 842 amend the mandatory effective date for Topic 326.

The Company adopted Topic 326 with an adoption date of January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective approach. As a result, the Company changed its accounting policy for allowance for credit losses. The Company monitors accounts receivable and long term notes receivable and estimates the allowance for lifetime expected credit losses. Estimates of expected credit losses are based on historical collection experience and other factors, including those related to current market conditions and events. The adoption did not have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.

Other than the items noted above, there have been no new accounting pronouncements not yet effective or adopted in the current year that we believe have a significant impact, or potential significant impact, to our unaudited interim financial statements.

8

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

5.     FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The carrying values of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaids and other current assets, and accounts payable on the Company’s balance sheets approximated their fair values as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to their short-term nature. The carrying values of the Company’s credit facility approximated its fair value as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to its variable interest rate. The carrying value of the Company’s notes receivable approximated its fair value as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to its variable interest rate.

Certain of the Company’s financial instruments are measured at fair value using a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2: Inputs are quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; or model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

Level 3: Inputs are unobservable and reflect the Company’s own assumptions, based on the best information available, including the Company’s own data.

The following tables set forth the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
					Fair Value Measurement Based on
					Quoted		Significant
					Prices In		other		Significant
					Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying				Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	$	44,241	$	44,241	$	44,241	$	—	$	—

	December 31, 2022
					Fair Value Measurement Based on
					Quoted		Significant
					Prices In		other		Significant
					Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying				Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	$	68,002	$	68,002	$	68,002	$	—	$	—

9

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

6.     ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

The following table presents the composition of accounts receivable, net as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Gross accounts receivable - trade	$	14,365	$	15,239
Less: Allowances for credit losses		(1,220)		(1,648)
Accounts receivable, net	$	13,145	$	13,591

7.     PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT AND CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE

The following table presents the composition of property and equipment, net as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Laboratory equipment	$	630	$	462
Office equipment		510		508
Computer equipment and software		1,902		1,758
Manufacturing equipment		417		343
Leasehold improvements		1,442		1,435
Rental equipment		577		542
Property and equipment, gross		5,478		5,048
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(3,370)		(3,057)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,108	$	1,991

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had capitalized software costs, net of $3.6 million, which are included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other assets” on the balance sheet.

Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.0 million and $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

8.     NOTES RECEIVABLE

Greenbrook TMS Inc.

On March 31, 2023, the Company entered into a Secured Promissory Note and Guaranty Agreement (the “Promissory Note”) with TMS Neurohealth Centers Inc. (the “Maker”) and Greenbrook TMS Inc. and its subsidiaries, excluding the Maker (the “Guarantors”), in the principal amount of $6.0 million for a period of four years.

The Promissory Note will bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (a) the floating interest rate of daily secured overnight financing rate as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on its website (“SOFR”) plus (b) 7.65%.

Pursuant to the terms of the Promissory Note, in the event of an event of default thereunder, the Maker will be required to issue common share purchase warrants to the Company equal to (i) 200% of the unpaid amount of any delinquent amount or payment due and payable under the Promissory Note, together with all outstanding and unpaid accrued interest, fees, charges and costs, divided by (ii) the exercise price of the

10

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

warrants, which will represent a 20% discount to the 30-day volume-weighted- average closing price of Greenbrook TMS Inc.’s common shares traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) prior to the date of issuance (subject to any limitations that may be required by Nasdaq).

Under the Promissory Note and related loan documents, the Maker and the Guarantors have granted to the Company a security interest in substantially all of the Maker’s and the Guarantors’ assets and the Guarantors have guaranteed the Maker’s obligations under the Promissory Note. The Company’s security interest pursuant to the Promissory Note and related loan documents ranks pari passu with the Maker’s senior lender, Madryn Fund Administration, LLC, and is subject to an intercreditor agreement.

Success TMS

On September 29, 2021, the Company entered into an exclusive, five-year master sales agreement with Check Five LLC doing business as Success TMS (“Success TMS”). In connection with the Commercial Agreement, the Company agreed to loan Success TMS the principal amount of $10.0 million for a period of five years pursuant to a secured promissory note (the “Note”). The Note included interest at a floating rate equal to the prime rate plus 6.00% per annum and interest-only period through October 1, 2022, after which time Success TMS was required to make monthly payments of principal and interest.

On July 14, 2022, Success TMS repaid in full the Note with a cash payment of $10.5 million, which included all outstanding principal, prepayment premium and accrued but unpaid interest. The repayment extinguished the Note in its entirety and terminated the Subordination Agreement entered into by the Company.

Interest income recognized by the Company was $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Interest income recognized by the Company was $1.2 million and $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Current portion of notes receivable	$	2,015	$	230
Long-term notes receivable		4,793		362
Less: Allowances for credit losses		(162)		—
Notes receivable, net	$	6,646	$	592

9.     LEASES

Lessee:

The Company has operating leases for its corporate headquarters, a training facility and office equipment, including copiers. The Company leases an approximately 32,000 square foot facility in Malvern, Pennsylvania for its corporate headquarters, which includes office and warehouse space. The Company leases an approximately 9,600 square foot facility in Charlotte, North Carolina as a training facility for its NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems. The Company does not currently have any finance leases or executed leases that have not yet commenced.

Operating lease rent expense was $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. As of June 30, 2023, the weighted-average remaining lease term of operating leases was 4.6 years and the weighted-average discount rate was 7.2%.

11

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the supplemental cash flow information as a lessee related to leases (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	521	$	425

The following table sets forth by year the required future payments of operating lease liabilities (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
Remainder of 2023	$	428
2024		875
2025		898
2026		921
2027		882
Thereafter		116
Total lease payments		4,120
Less imputed interest		(623)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	3,497

Lessor sales-type leases:

Certain customers have purchased NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems on a rent-to-own basis. The lease term is three or four years with a customer option to purchase the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System at the end of the lease or automatic transfer of ownership of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System at the end of the lease.

The following table sets forth the profit recognized on sales-type leases (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Profit recognized at commencement, net	$	47	$	373	$	47	$	420
Interest income		—		—		—		—
Total sales-type lease income	$	47	$	373	$	47	$	420

The following table sets forth a maturity analysis of the undiscounted lease receivables related to sales-type leases (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2023
Remainder of 2023	$	610
2024		851
2025		376
2026		67
2027		27
Total sales-type lease receivables	$	1,931

As of June 30, 2023, the carrying amount of the lease receivables is $1.9 million. The Company does not have any unguaranteed residual assets.

12

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Lessor operating leases:

NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems sold for which collection is not probable are accounted for as operating leases. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized operating lease income of $0.04 million and $0.05 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized operating lease income of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

The Company maintained rental equipment, net of $0.4 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which are included in “Property and equipment, net” on the balance sheet. Rental equipment depreciation expense was $0.02 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.04 million and $0.05 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

10.     PREPAID COMMISSION EXPENSE

The Company pays a commission on both NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System sales and treatment session sales. Since the commission paid for system sales is not commensurate with the commission paid for treatment sessions, the Company capitalizes commission expense associated with NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System sales commissions paid that is incremental to specifically anticipated future treatment session orders. In developing this estimate, the Company considered its historical treatment session sales and customer retention rates, as well as technology development life cycles and other industry factors. These costs are periodically reviewed for impairment.

NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System commissions are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over a seven-year period equal to the average customer term, which the Company deems to be the expected period of benefit for these costs.

On the Company’s balance sheets, the current portion of capitalized contract costs is represented by the current portion of prepaid commission expense, while the long-term portion is included in prepaid commission expense. Amortization expense was $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.1 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

11.     ACCRUED EXPENSES

The following table presents the composition of accrued expenses as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Compensation and related benefits	$	4,884	$	11,201
Consulting and professional fees		648		761
Research and development expenses		337		678
Sales and marketing expenses		822		410
Warranty		224		328
Sales and other taxes payable		701		659
Other		759		800
Accrued expenses	$	8,375	$	14,837

13

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

12.     DEFERRED REVENUE

Payment terms typically require payment upon shipment or installation of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and additional payments as access codes for treatment sessions are delivered, which can span several years after the system is first delivered and installed. The timing of revenue recognition compared to billings and cash collections typically results in accounts receivable. However, sometimes customer advances and deposits may be required for certain customers and are recorded as contract liabilities (deferred revenue). For multi-year agreements, the Company generally invoices customers annually at the beginning of each annual coverage period and recognizes revenue over the term of the coverage period.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company expects to recognize approximately the following percentages of deferred revenue by year:

	Revenue
Year:	Recognition
Remainder of 2023	47	%
2024	42	%
2025	10	%
2026	1	%
Total	100	%

Revenue recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year was $1.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, and primarily represented revenue earned from separately priced extended warranties, customer deposits, milestone revenue, and clinical training.

Customers

Significant customers are those that represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, one customer accounted for 14% and 20% of the Company’s revenue, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, one customer accounted for 16% and 19% of the Company’s revenue, respectively.

Accounts receivable outstanding related to the customer was $2.0 million and $5.2 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Geographical information

The following geographic data includes revenue generated from the Company’s third-party distributors. The Company’s revenue was generated in the following geographic regions and by product line for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Revenues by Geography
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	17,289	98	%	$	16,132	99	%
International		321	2	%		197	1	%
Total revenues	$	17,610	100	%	$	16,329	100	%

14

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	4,489	26	%	$	4,382	27	%
Treatment sessions		12,314	71	%		11,295	70	%
Other		486	3	%		455	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	17,289	100	%	$	16,132	100	%

	International Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	56	18	%	$	52	26	%
Treatment sessions		126	39	%		14	7	%
Other		139	43	%		131	67	%
Total international revenues	$	321	100	%	$	197	100	%

	Revenues by Geography
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	32,253	97	%	$	29,648	97	%
International		897	3	%		862	3	%
Total revenues	$	33,150	100	%	$	30,510	100	%

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	8,339	26	%	$	8,024	27	%
Treatment sessions		22,957	71	%		20,763	70	%
Other		957	3	%		861	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	32,253	100	%	$	29,648	100	%

	International Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	314	35	%	$	364	42	%
Treatment sessions		310	35	%		184	21	%
Other		273	30	%		314	37	%
Total International revenues	$	897	100	%	$	862	100	%

15

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

13.     DEBT

The following table presents the composition of debt as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Outstanding principal	$	37,500	$	35,000
Accrued final payment fees		1,856		1,925
Less debt discounts		(2,643)		(971)
Total debt, net		36,713		35,954
Less current portion		—		(13,125)
Long-term debt, net	$	36,713	$	22,829

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized interest expense of $1.1 million, of which $1.0 million was cash and $0.1 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized interest expense of $1.0 million, of which $0.8 million was cash and $0.2 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized interest expense of $2.4 million, of which $2.1 million was cash and $0.3 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized interest expense of $2.0 million, of which $1.7 million was cash and $0.3 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees.

Solar Credit Facility

Solar Facility Fourth Amendment

On March 29, 2023, the Company entered into a fourth amendment (the “Solar Fourth Amendment”) to the Loan and Security Agreement dated March 2, 2020 with SLR Investment Corp. (formerly known as Solar Capital Ltd.) (“Solar”), as collateral agent and other lenders as defined in the agreement (the “Lenders”; such agreement, as amended, the “Solar Facility”).

The Solar Facility permits the Company to borrow up to $60.0 million in three tranches of term loans, a “Term A Loan” in an aggregate amount of $35.0 million, a “Term B Loan” (collectively with the Term A Loan, the “Loans”) in an aggregate amount of $2.5 million, and an uncommitted “Term C Facility” in an aggregate principal amount equal to $22.5 million in the sole and absolute discretion of the Lenders and subject to the Lenders’ credit approval. On March 29, 2023, the Company borrowed an aggregate amount of $2.5 million under the Term B Loan. The Term A Loan was fully drawn prior to the effectiveness of the Solar Fourth Amendment. The maturity date of the Loans is March 29, 2028. Prior to the effectiveness of the Solar Fourth Amendment, the maturity date of the Term A Loan was February 28, 2025.

The Loans accrue interest from the date of borrowing through the date of repayment at a floating per annum rate of interest, which resets monthly and is equal to the greater of 5.65% plus (a) 3.95% or (b) daily simple SOFR for a term of one month. Only interest is required to be paid on the Loans until March 1, 2026. Prior to the effectiveness of the Solar Fourth Amendment, the interest only period with respect to the Term A Loan expired on March 1, 2023. Commencing April 1, 2026, the Company will be required to make monthly payments of principal and interest on the Loans.

16

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In addition to the principal and interest payments due under the Solar Facility, the Company is required to pay a final payment fee to Solar due upon the earlier of prepayment, acceleration or the maturity date of the Loans equal to 4.95% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded. If the Company prepays the Loans prior to their respective scheduled maturities, the Company will also be required to pay prepayment fees to Solar equal to 3% of the principal amount of such term loan then-prepaid if prepaid on or before the first anniversary of the Solar Fourth Amendment, 2% of the principal amount of such term loan then-prepaid if prepaid after the first anniversary and on or before the second anniversary of the Solar Fourth Amendment, or 1% of the principal amount of such term loan then-prepaid if prepaid after the second anniversary of the Solar Fourth Amendment.

The Company is also required to pay Solar an exit fee upon the occurrence of (a) any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, (b) any transaction that results in a person obtaining control over the Company, (c) the Company achieving $100 million in trailing twelve-month net product revenue or (d) the Company achieving $125 million in trailing twelve-month net product revenue. The exit fee for liquidation, dissolution, winding up or change of control of the Company is equal to 2% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded. The exit fee for achieving either $100 million or $125 million in trailing twelve-month net product revenue is equal to 1% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded or, if both net product revenue milestones are achieved, 2% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded. The exit fee is capped at 2% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded.

In connection with entering into the Solar Fourth Amendment and pursuant to the prepayment provisions of the previous Solar facility, the company paid Solar a final payment fee of $1.2 million on March 29, 2023.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company is in compliance with all covenants in the Solar Facility and is projected to be in compliance with the covenants going forward.

14.     COMMON STOCK

Common Stock

The following table summarizes the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock issued and reserved for issuance as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Shares of common stock issued	28,813	27,268
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Common stock warrants outstanding	61	61
Stock options outstanding	1,277	1,301
Restricted stock units outstanding	3,707	3,901
Shares available for grant under stock incentive plans	904	1,140
Shares available for sale under employee stock purchase plan	1,335	1,063
Total shares of common stock issued and reserved for issuance	36,097	34,734

17

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Common Stock Warrants

The following table summarize the Company’s outstanding common stock warrants as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022:

Warrants
Outstanding
(in thousands)	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
20	$	9.73	Aug-2023
20	$	9.73	Mar-2024
21	$	9.73	Dec-2024
61

15.     LOSS PER SHARE

The Company’s basic loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company’s restricted stock awards (non-vested shares) are issued and outstanding at the time of grant but are excluded from the Company’s computation of weighted-average shares outstanding in the determination of basic loss per share until vesting occurs.

A net loss cannot be diluted, so when the Company is in a net loss position, basic and diluted loss per common share are the same. If in the future the Company achieves profitability, the denominator of a diluted earnings per common share calculation will include both the weighted-average number of shares outstanding and the number of common stock equivalents, if the inclusion of such common stock equivalents would be dilutive. Dilutive common stock equivalents potentially include warrants, stock options, non-vested restricted stock units and non-vested performance restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) using the treasury stock method, along with the effect, if any, from the potential conversion of outstanding securities, such as convertible preferred stock.

The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 have been excluded from the denominator of the diluted loss per share of common stock outstanding calculation (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2023	2022
Stock options	1,277	1,428
Non-vested PRSUs	395	395
Non-vested restricted stock units	3,312	3,881
Common stock warrants	61	75

16.     SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The amount of share-based compensation expense recognized by the Company by location in its statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of revenues	$	36	$	34	$	72		60
Sales and marketing		713		1,049		1,356		2,183
General and administrative		1,115		1,002		2,082		2,011
Research and development		169		118		328		201
Total	$	2,033	$	2,203	$	3,838	$	4,455

18

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

2018 Equity Incentive Plan

In June 2018, the Company adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, (the “2018 Plan”), which authorized the issuance of up to 1.4 million shares, subject to an annual 4% increase based on the number of shares of common stock outstanding, in the form of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and stock options to the Company’s directors, employees and consultants. The amount and terms of grants are determined by the Company’s board of directors. All stock options granted to date have had exercise prices equal to the fair value, as determined by the closing price as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market, of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The contractual term of stock options is up to 10 years, and stock options are exercisable in cash or as otherwise determined by the Company’s board of directors. Generally, stock options vest 25% upon the first anniversary of the date of grant and the remainder ratably monthly thereafter for 36 months. Restricted stock units generally vest ratably in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. PRSUs generally vest based on appreciation of the Company’s common stock to a certain price as determined by the Company’s board of directors measured using a trailing 30-day volume-weighted-average price of a share of the Company’s common stock. The fair value of the PRSU awards are determined using a risk neutral Monte Carlo simulation valuation model. As of June 30, 2023, there were 0.6 million shares available for future issuance under the 2018 Plan.

2020 Inducement Incentive Plan

In December 2020, the Company adopted the 2020 Inducement Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which authorized the issuance of up to 0.4 million shares, subject to increase by approval of the Company’s board of directors, in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance stock awards and other stock awards to eligible employees who satisfy the standards for inducement grants under Nasdaq Global Market rules. In March 2022, the Company’s board of directors approved an additional 0.5 million shares for the issuance under the 2020 Plan. An individual who previously served as an employee or director of the Company is not eligible to receive awards under the 2020 Plan. The amount and terms of grants are determined by the Company’s board of directors. As of June 30, 2023, there were 0.3 million shares available for future issuance under the 2020 Plan.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

				Weighted-	Aggregate
	Number of	Weighted-		average	average
	Shares under	average		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Option	Exercise Price		Contractual	Value
	(in thousands)	per Option		Life (in years)	(in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1,301	$	4.07
Granted	—	$	—
Exercised	—	$	—
Forfeited	(24)	$	13.15
Outstanding at June 30, 2023	1,277	$	3.90	6.5	$	161
Exercisable at June 30, 2023	996	$	4.41	6.4	$	115
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2023	1,277	$	3.90	6.5	$	161

The Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to stock options of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. As of June 30, 2023, there was $0.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 1.0 years.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 the Company did not grant stock options.

19

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock unit and PRSU activity for June 30, 2023:

	Non-vested		Weighted-	Non-vested		Weighted-
	Restricted		average	PRSUs		average
	Stock Units		Grant-date			Grant-date
	(in thousands)		Fair Value	(in thousands)		Fair Value
Non-vested at December 31, 2022	3,506	$	4.29	395	$	6.77
Granted	1,543	$	4.91	—	$	—
Vested	(1,545)	$	4.43	—	$	—
Forfeited	(192)	$	5.00	—	$	—
Non-vested at June 30, 2023	3,312	$	4.48	395	$	6.77

The Company recognized $1.9 million and $2.0 million in share-based compensation expense related to the restricted stock units and PRSUs for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $3.6 million and $4.1 million the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of June 30, 2023, there was $12.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock units and PRSUs, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years. The total fair value at the vesting date of restricted stock units and PRSUs vested during the six months ended June 30, 2023, was $8.0 million.

The Company did not grant PRSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

17.     COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Matters

The Company is subject from time to time to various claims and legal actions arising during the ordinary course of its business. Management believes that there are currently no claims or legal actions that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

18.     SEGMENT INFORMATION

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company currently operates in one business segment as it is managed and operated as one business. A single management team that reports to the chief operating decision maker comprehensively manages the entire business. The Company does not operate any material separate lines of business or separate business entities with respect to its products or product development.

19.     GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE

Employee Retention Credit

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act provided an Employee Retention Credit (“ERC”), which was a refundable tax credit related to certain payroll taxes. The Company applies the grant model and determined the criteria for recognition of the ERC was met during the quarter ended June 30, 2023 based on the Company’s determination of eligibility and filing of the ERC claim. As of June 30, 2023, the Company recorded a $2.9 million receivable within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s

20

NEURONETICS, INC.

Notes to Interim Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

balance sheet. The credit is reported within other income, net in the Company’s statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

21

Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations, as well as other sections in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, should be read in conjunction with our unaudited interim financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere herein. In addition to historical financial information, some of the information contained in the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. All statements other than statements of historical facts, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, current and prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, current and prospective collaborations, timing and likelihood of success, plans and objectives of management for future operations and future results of current and anticipated products, are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to: our ability to achieve or sustain profitable operations due to our history of losses; our reliance on the sale and usage of our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System to generate revenues; the scale and efficacy of our salesforce; availability of coverage and reimbursement from third-party payors for treatments using our products; physician and patient demand for treatments using our products; developments in respect of competing technologies and therapies for the indications that our products treat; product defects; our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our technology; developments in clinical trials or regulatory review of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System for additional indications; developments in regulation in the U.S. and other applicable jurisdictions; and the impacts on our operational and budget plans due to inflation. For a discussion of these and other related risks, please refer to our recent SEC filings which are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, including those described in “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10 K filed with the SEC, on March 7, 2023. These forward-looking statements are based on our expectations and assumptions as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Except as required by law, we undertake no duty or obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as a result of new information, future events or changes in our expectations.

Overview

We are a commercial stage medical technology company focused on designing, developing and marketing products that improve the quality of life for patients who suffer from neurohealth disorders. Our first commercial product, the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System, is a non-invasive and non-systemic office-based treatment that uses TMS to create a pulsed, MRI-strength magnetic field that induces electrical currents designed to stimulate specific areas of the brain associated with mood. The system is cleared by the FDA to treat adult patients with MDD who have failed to achieve satisfactory improvement from prior antidepressant medication in the current MDD episode. The NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System is also available in other parts of the world, including Japan, where it is listed under Japan’s national health insurance. The NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System is safe, clinically effective, reproducible and precise and we believe is supported by the largest clinical data set of any competing TMS system. We believe we are the market leader in TMS therapy based on over 156,235 global patients treated with over 5.6 million of our treatment sessions through June 30, 2023. We generated revenues of $17.6 million and $16.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $33.2 million and $30.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

22

We designed the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System as a non-invasive therapeutic alternative to treat patients who suffer from MDD and to address many of the key limitations of other treatment options. We generate revenues from initial capital sales of our systems, recurring treatment sessions and service and repair and extended warranty contracts. We derive the majority of our revenues from recurring treatment sessions. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 revenues from sales of our treatment sessions and NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems represented 71% and 26% of our U.S. revenues, respectively and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 revenue from sales of our treatment sessions and NeuroStar Therapy Systems represented 70% and 27%, respectively, of our U.S. revenue, respectively.

We currently sell our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and recurring treatment sessions in the U.S. with the collaborative support of our 209 employees as of June 30, 2023. Our sales force targets an estimated 50,000 psychiatrists across 26,000 psychiatric practices in the U.S., based on a 2020 data set from Symphony Health and our own internal estimates that treat approximately 42% of the total MDD patients in the U.S. who meet our labeled indication and are insured. Some of our customers have purchased or may purchase more than one NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System. Based on our commercial data, we believe our customers can recoup their initial capital investment in our system by providing a standard course of treatment to approximately 12 patients. We believe our customers can generate approximately $8,500 of average revenue per patient for a standard course of treatment, which may provide meaningful incremental income to their practices. We have a diverse customer base, including psychiatrists in group psychiatric practices, pain management physicians and other medical professionals in the U.S. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, one customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues.

We market our products in a few select markets outside the U.S. through independent distributors. International revenues represented 2% and 1% of our total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 3% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. In October 2017, we entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with Teijin Pharma Limited (“Teijin”), for the distribution of our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems and treatment sessions to customers who treat patients with MDD in Japan. We received regulatory approval for our system in Japan in September 2017 and we received the initial reimbursement of JPY 12,000 per treatment session, which went into effect on June 1, 2019.

Our research and development efforts are focused on the following: hardware and software product developments and enhancements of our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and clinical developments relating to additional indications. We outsource the manufacture of components of our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems that are produced to our specifications, and individual components are either shipped directly from our third-party contract manufacturers to our customers or consolidated into pallets at our Malvern, Pennsylvania facility prior to shipment. Final installation of these systems occurs at the customer site.

Our total revenues increased by $1.3 million, or 8%, from $16.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $17.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $2.6 million, or 9%, from $30.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $33.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, our U.S. revenues were $17.3 million and $32.3 million, respectively, compared to $16.1 million and $29.6 million for three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, which represents an increase of 7% and 9%, respectively, period over period. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in U.S NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System sales period over period. We incurred net losses of $4.9 million and $15.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to net losses of $10.4 million and $21.3 million for three and six months ended June 30, 2022. We expect to continue to incur losses for the next several years as we invest in our commercial organization to support our planned sales growth and while continuing to invest in our pipeline indications. As of June 30, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of $361.3 million.

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Global Economic Conditions

We are continuing to closely monitor macroeconomic impacts, including, but not limited to, developments affecting financial institutions and potential recessionary pressures, on our business, results of operations and financial results.

Components of Our Results of Operations

Revenues

To date, we have generated revenues primarily from the capital portion of our business and related sales and rentals of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and the recurring revenues from our sale of treatment sessions in the U.S.

NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System Revenues. NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System revenues consist primarily of sales or rentals of a capital component, including upgrades to the equipment attributable to the initial sale of the system. NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems can be purchased outright or on a rent-to-own basis by certain customers.

Treatment Session Revenues. Treatment session revenues primarily include sales of NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System treatment sessions and SenStar treatment links. The treatment sessions are access codes that are delivered electronically in the U.S. The SenStar treatment links are disposable units containing single-use access codes that are sold and used outside the U.S. Access codes are purchased separately by our customers, primarily on an as-needed basis, and are required by the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System in order to deliver treatment sessions.

Other Revenues. Other revenues are derived primarily from service and repair and extended warranty contracts with our existing customers.

We refer you to the section titled “Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates—Revenue Recognition” appearing in our Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023. We also refer you to “Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.”

Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin

Cost of revenues primarily consists of the costs of components and products purchased from our third-party contract manufacturers of our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems as well as the cost of treatment packs for individual treatment sessions. We use third-party contract manufacturing partners to produce the components for and assemble the completed NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems. Cost of revenues also includes costs related to personnel, warranty, shipping, and our operations and field service departments. We expect our cost of revenues to increase to the extent our revenues grow.

Our gross profit is calculated by subtracting our cost of revenues from our revenues. We calculate our gross margin as our gross profit divided by our revenues. Our gross margin has been and will continue to be affected by a variety of factors, primarily product sales mix, pricing and third-party contract manufacturing costs. Our gross margins on revenues from sales of NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems are lower than our gross margins on revenues from sales of treatment sessions and, as a result, the sales mix between NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems and treatment sessions can affect the gross margin in any reporting period.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses consist of market research and commercial activities related to the sale of our NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems and treatment sessions and salaries and related benefits, sales commissions and share-based compensation for employees focused on these efforts. Other significant sales

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and marketing costs include conferences and trade shows, promotional and marketing activities, including direct and online marketing, practice support programs and radio media campaigns, travel and training expenses.

We anticipate that our sales and marketing expenses will decrease in 2023 compared to 2022 expenses due in part to the termination of the one-time 2022 sales equity match incentive.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses, including salaries and related benefits, share-based compensation and travel expenses, for employees in executive, finance, information technology (“IT”), legal and human resource functions. General and administrative expenses also include the cost of insurance, outside legal fees, accounting and other consulting services, audit fees from our independent registered public accounting firm, board of directors’ fees and other administrative costs, such as corporate facility costs, including rent, utilities, depreciation and maintenance not otherwise included in cost of revenues.

We anticipate that our general and administrative expenses will remain flat compared to our 2022 expenses.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses, including salaries and related benefits and share-based compensation for employees in clinical development, product development, regulatory and quality assurance functions, as well as expenses associated with outsourced professional scientific development services and costs of investigative sites and consultants that conduct our preclinical and clinical development programs. We typically use our employee, consultant and infrastructure resources across our research and development programs.

We plan to incur research and development expenses for the near future as we expect to continue our development of TMS therapy for the treatment of additional patient populations and new indications related to neurohealth disorders, as well as for various hardware and software development projects. As a result, we expect our research and development expenses to increase during 2023 compared to our 2022 expenses.

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists of cash interest payable under our credit facility and non-cash interest attributable to the accrual of final payment fees and the amortization of deferred financing costs related to our indebtedness.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net consists primarily of our ERC and interest income earned on our money market account balances and notes receivable.

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Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,						Increase / (Decrease)
	2023			2022			Dollars		Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Revenues	$	17,610		$	16,329		$	1,281	8	%
Cost of revenues		4,836			4,039			797	20	%
Gross Profit		12,774			12,290			484	4	%
Gross Margin		72.5	%		75.3	%
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		11,559			13,685			(2,126)	(16)	%
General and administrative		6,200			6,356			(156)	(2)	%
Research and development		2,364			2,045			319	16	%
Total operating expenses		20,123			22,086			(1,963)	(9)	%
Loss from Operations		(7,349)			(9,796)			2,447	25	%
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		1,144			1,000			144	14	%
Other income, net		(3,592)			(374)			(3,218)	860	%
Net Loss	$	(4,901)		$	(10,422)		$	5,521	53	%

	Revenues by Geography
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	17,289	98	%	$	16,132	99	%
International		321	2	%		197	1	%
Total revenues	$	17,610	100	%	$	16,329	100	%

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	4,489	26	%	$	4,382	27	%
Treatment sessions		12,314	71	%		11,295	70	%
Other		486	3	%		455	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	17,289	100	%	$	16,132	100	%

Revenues

Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $17.6 million, an increase of 8% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022 revenue of $16.3 million. During the quarter, total U.S. revenue increased by 7% and international revenue increased by 63% over the prior year quarter. The U.S. revenue growth was primarily driven by an increase in NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and treatment session sales. The increase in international revenue was primarily driven by an increase in NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System sales and treatment session sales.

U.S. NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $4.5 million, an increase of 2% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022 revenue of $4.4 million. For

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the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company sold 54 and 58 systems, respectively, that were recognized as NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System capital revenue during each period. Additionally, for the three months ended June 30, 2022 the Company executed 1 operating lease agreement, that contributed to operating lease revenue.

U.S. treatment session revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $12.3 million, an increase of 9% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022 revenue of $11.3 million. The revenue growth was primarily driven by an increase in treatment session volume over the prior year quarter due to increase in demand for treatment sessions.

Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin

Cost of revenues increased by $0.8 million, or 20%, from $4.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $4.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Gross margin decreased from 75.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to 72.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decline in gross margin was driven by the higher operational costs related to the contract manufacturer transition, as well as the software amortization expense from the latest product release.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $2.1 million, or 16%, from $13.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $11.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to reduced spending in marketing on brand development. The new brand development initiative had completed in 2022. Additionally, in 2022 Neuronetics offered a retention program to sales personnel. This retention program was not continued in 2023, resulting in a decrease in sales personnel expense.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased by $0.2 million or 2% from $6.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, to $6.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to decreased legal costs in the current period versus the prior year quarter.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses increased by $0.4 million, or 16%, from $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in research and development was primarily due higher clinical research and personnel expense as Neuronetics continues to look to increase the usability of the NeuroStar System.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $0.1 million, or 14% from $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 due to increases in interest rate and debt balance.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net increased by $3.2 million from $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $3.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the ERC of $2.9 million and increased interest income earned on the Company’s money market accounts and notes receivable.

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Comparison of the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

	Six Months Ended
	June 30,						Increase / (Decrease)
	2023			2022			Dollars		Percentage
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Revenues	$	33,150		$	30,510		$	2,640	9	%
Cost of revenues		8,980			7,524			1,456	19	%
Gross Profit		24,170			22,986			1,184	5	%
Gross Margin		72.9	%		75.3	%
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		23,461			26,334			(2,873)	(11)	%
General and administrative		12,812			12,734			78	1	%
Research and development		5,154			3,849			1,305	34	%
Total operating expenses		41,427			42,917			(1,490)	(3)	%
Loss from Operations		(17,257)			(19,931)			2,674	13	%
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense		2,396			1,978			418	21	%
Other income, net		(4,232)			(649)			(3,583)	(552)	%
Net Loss	$	(15,421)		$	(21,260)		$	5,839	27	%

	Revenues by Geography
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
United States	$	32,253	97	%	$	29,648	97	%
International		897	3	%		862	3	%
Total revenues	$	33,150	100	%	$	30,510	100	%

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	8,339	26	%	$	8,024	27	%
Treatment sessions		22,957	71	%		20,763	70	%
Other		957	3	%		861	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	32,253	100	%	$	29,648	100	%

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Revenues

Total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $33.2 million, an increase of 9% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022 revenue of $30.5 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, total U.S. revenue increased by 9% and international revenue increased by 4%. The U.S. revenue growth was primarily driven by an increase in NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and treatment sessions sales and the increase in international revenue was primarily driven by an increase in treatment session sales.

U.S. NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $8.3 million, an increase of 4% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022 revenue of $8.0 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company sold 103 and 104 systems, respectively, that were recognized as NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System capital revenue during each period. Additionally, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 the Company executed 1 operating lease agreement, that contributed to operating lease revenue.

U.S. treatment session revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $23.0 million, an increase of 11% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022 revenue of $20.8 million. The revenue growth was primarily driven by an increase in treatment session volume over the prior year quarter due to the impact of the spike in COVID-19 Omicron variant infections and related business and government responses in 2022.

Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin

Cost of revenues increased by $1.5 million, or 19%, from $7.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $9.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was due to revenue growth versus the prior year period. Gross margin decreased from 75.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to 72.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decline in gross margin was driven by the higher operational costs related to the contract manufacturer transition, as well as the software amortization expense from the latest product release.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $2.8 million, or 11%, from $26.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $23.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to reduced spending in marketing on brand development. The new brand development initiative had completed in 2022. Additionally, in 2022 Neuronetics offered a retention program to sales personnel. This retention program was not continued in 2023, resulting in a decrease in sales personnel expense.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses remained materially consistent from $12.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $12.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses increased by $1.4 million from $3.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $5.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in research and development was primarily due higher clinical research and personnel expense as Neuronetics continues to look to increase the usability of the NeuroStar System.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $0.4 million from $2.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 due to increase in interest rate and debt balance.

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Other Income, Net

Other income, net increased by $3.6 million from $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $4.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, primarily as a result of the ERC of $2.9 million and increased interest income earned on the Company’s money market accounts and notes receivable.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

As of June 30, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $45.9 million and an accumulated deficit of $361.3 million, compared to cash and cash equivalents of $70.4 million and an accumulated deficit of $345.9 million as of December 31, 2022. We incurred negative cash flows from operating activities of $24.0 million and $21.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We have incurred operating losses since our inception, and we anticipate that our operating losses will lessen in the near term as we adjust our sales and marketing initiatives, research and development activities and other corporate initiatives. The Company’s primary sources of capital to date have been proceeds from its IPO, private placements of its convertible preferred securities, borrowings under its credit facility, proceeds for its secondary public offering of common stock and revenues from sales of its products. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had $37.5 million of borrowings outstanding under its credit facility, which has a final maturity in March 2028. Management believes that the Company’s cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2023 and anticipated revenues from sales of its products are sufficient to fund the Company’s operations for at least 12 months from the issuance of these financial statements.

If our cash and cash equivalents and anticipated revenues from sales of our products are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional common or preferred equity or debt securities or enter into a new credit facility or another form of third-party funding or seek other debt financing. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity or equity-linked securities, our stockholders would experience dilution and any new equity securities could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock. Debt financing, if available, may involve covenants restricting our operations or our ability to incur additional debt. We cannot be assured that additional equity, equity-linked or debt financing will be available on terms favorable to us or our stockholders, or at all. It is also possible that we may allocate significant amounts of capital towards products or technologies for which market demand is lower than expected and, as a result, abandon such efforts. If we are unable to maintain our current financing or obtain adequate additional financing when we require it, or if we obtain financing on terms that are not favorable to us, or if we expend capital on products or technologies that are unsuccessful, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly limited, or we may be required to delay the development, commercialization and marketing of our products.

Our current and future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including:

● our ability to achieve revenue growth and improve operating margins;

● compliance with the terms and conditions, including covenants, set forth in our credit facility;

● the cost of expanding our operations and offerings, including our sales and marketing efforts;

● our ability to improve or maintain coverage and reimbursement arrangements with domestic and international third-party and government payors, particularly in Japan;

● our rate of progress in establishing coverage and reimbursement arrangements from international commercial third-party and government payors, particularly in Japan;

● our rate of progress in, and cost of the sales and marketing activities associated with, establishing adoption of our products and maintaining or improving our sales to our current customers;

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● the cost of research and development activities, including research and development relating to additional indications of neurohealth disorders;

● the effect of competing technological and market developments;

● costs related to international expansion; and

● the potential cost of and delays in product development as a result of any regulatory oversight applicable to our products.

As of June 30, 2023, there were no significant changes to our material cash requirements as set forth in our Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023.

Cash Flows

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022
	(in thousands)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities	$	(24,047)	$	(21,132)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities		(825)		(2,040)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities		437		(38)
Net (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	(24,435)	$	(23,210)

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $24.0 million, consisting primarily of a net loss of $15.4 million and an increase in net operating assets of $13.5 million, partially offset by non-cash charges of $4.9 million. The increase in net operating assets was primarily due to an increase in accounts receivable, the ERC and a decrease in accrued expense. Non-cash charges consisted of depreciation and amortization, non-cash interest expense, and share-based compensation.

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $21.1 million, consisting primarily of a net loss of $21.3 million and an increase in net operating assets of $5.4 million, partially offset by non-cash charges of $5.5 million. The increase in net operating assets was primarily due to increases in accounts receivable and inventory and decreases in accounts payable as a result of timing of payments. Non-cash charges consisted of depreciation and amortization, non-cash interest expense, share-based compensation, and the cost of rental units purchased by customers.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $0.8 million, which was attributable to purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software costs partially offset by the repayment of our notes receivable.

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $2.0 million, which was attributable to purchase of property and equipment and capitalized software costs.

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $0.4 million and primarily consisted of the additional debt net of the final payment and amendment fee paid in connection with the Solar Fourth Amendment.

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Net cash used by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $0.04 million and consisted of the amendment fee paid in relation to a 2022 amendment to the Solar Facility, which was offset by cash proceeds related to stock option exercises.

Indebtedness

Refer to “Note 13. Debt” in our unaudited financial statements and related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding the Solar Facility.

JOBS Act Accounting Election

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act, for complying with new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that we can elect to opt out of the extended transition period at any time, which election is irrevocable.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Notes to Interim Financial Statements located in Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION, Item 1. Financial Statements.

Item 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Refer to the information described in the “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023. There have been no material changes to our market risk described therein.

We continue to monitor inflationary factors, such as increases in our cost of revenues and operating expenses that may adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe inflation has had a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain and increase our gross margin or decrease our operating expenses as a percentage of our revenues if the selling prices of our products do not increase as much or more than our costs increase.

Item 4.     Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act, refers to controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As required by

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Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial and Accounting Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2023.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.     Legal Proceedings.

We are subject from time to time to various claims and legal actions arising during the ordinary course of our business. We believe that there are currently no claims or legal actions that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Item 1A.     Risk Factors.

You should carefully consider the information described in the “Risk Factors” section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023. There have been no material changes to the risk factors described therein.

Item 2.     Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Not applicable.

Item 3.     Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

Not applicable.

Item 4.     Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5.     Other Information.

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6.     Exhibits.

The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Where so indicated, exhibits that were previously filed are incorporated by reference. For exhibits incorporated by reference, the location of the exhibit in the previous filing is indicated.

Exhibit Number		Description
10.1◊		Fourth Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated March 29, 2023, by and among SLR Investment Corp. (formerly known as Solar Capital Ltd.), as collateral agent, the lenders listed on the signature pages thereto, and Neuronetics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2023).
10.2◊		Secured Promissory Note and Guaranty Agreement, dated March 31, 2023, by and among TMS Neurohealth Centers Inc., as maker, Greenbrook TMS Inc. and its subsidiaries, excluding TMS Neurohealth Centers Inc., as guarantors, and Neuronetics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2023).
31.1*		Certification of the Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*		Certification of the Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because iXBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (Formatted as Inline XBRL and contained Exhibit 101).

* Filed herewith.

◊ Certain portions of this exhibit have been omitted to preserve the confidentiality of such information. The Company will furnish copies of any such information to the SEC or its staff upon request.

** This certification is being furnished solely to accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350 and is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing of the registrant under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

35

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	NEURONETICS, INC.
	(Registrant)
Date: August 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Keith J. Sullivan
	Name:	Keith J. Sullivan
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: August 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Stephen Furlong
	Name:	Stephen Furlong
	Title:	EVP, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

36

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Keith J. Sullivan, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Neuronetics, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures, and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report, any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Keith J. Sullivan
	Name:	Keith J. Sullivan
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Stephen Furlong, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Neuronetics, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures, and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report, any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

s
Date: August 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Stephen Furlong
	Name:	Stephen Furlong
	Title:	EVP, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Neuronetics, Inc. (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

Date: August 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Keith J. Sullivan
	Name:	Keith J. Sullivan
	Title:	President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Neuronetics, Inc. (the “Company”) for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

Date: August 8, 2023	By:	/s/ Stephen Furlong
	Name:	Stephen Furlong
	Title:	EVP, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Aug. 02, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38546
Entity Registrant Name	NEURONETICS, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	33-1051425
Entity Address, Address Line One	3222 Phoenixville Pike
Entity Address, City or Town	Malvern
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	19355
City Area Code	610
Local Phone Number	640-4202
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock ($0.01 par value)
Trading Symbol	STIM
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		28,873,388
Entity Central Index Key	0001227636
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Ex Transition Period	false

XML

Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 45,905	$ 70,340
Accounts receivable, net	13,145	13,591
Inventory	8,871	8,899
Current portion of net investments in sales-type leases	1,072	1,538
Current portion of prepaid commission expense	2,204	1,997
Current portion of notes receivables	1,975	230
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,504	2,174
Total current assets	77,676	98,769
Property and equipment, net	2,108	1,991
Operating lease right-of-use assets	3,056	3,327
Net investments in sales-type leases	859	1,222
Prepaid commission expense	7,980	7,568
Long-term notes receivable	4,671	362
Other assets	4,042	3,645
Total Assets	100,392	116,884
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	4,143	2,433
Accrued expenses	8,375	14,837
Deferred revenue	1,674	1,980
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	834	824
Current portion of long-term debt, net		13,125
Total current liabilities	15,026	33,199
Long-term debt, net	36,713	22,829
Deferred revenue	513	829
Operating lease liabilities	2,663	2,967
Total Liabilities	54,915	59,824
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 10,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 200,000 shares authorized; 28,813 and 27,268 shares issued and outstanding on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	288	273
Additional paid-in capital	406,502	402,679
Accumulated deficit	(361,313)	(345,892)
Total Stockholders' Equity	45,477	57,060
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$ 100,392	$ 116,884

XML

Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Balance Sheets
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	10,000	10,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	200,000	200,000
Common stock, shares issued	28,813	27,268
Common stock, shares outstanding	28,813	27,268

XML

Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Statements of Operations
Revenues	$ 17,610	$ 16,329	$ 33,150	$ 30,510
Cost of revenues	4,836	4,039	8,980	7,524
Gross Profit	12,774	12,290	24,170	22,986
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	11,559	13,685	23,461	26,334
General and administrative	6,200	6,356	12,812	12,734
Research and development	2,364	2,045	5,154	3,849
Total operating expenses	20,123	22,086	41,427	42,917
Loss from operations	(7,349)	(9,796)	(17,257)	(19,931)
Other (income) expense:
Interest expense	1,144	1,000	2,396	1,978
Other income, net	(3,592)	(374)	(4,232)	(649)
Net Loss	$ (4,901)	$ (10,422)	$ (15,421)	$ (21,260)
Net loss per share of common stock outstanding, basic	$ (0.17)	$ (0.39)	$ (0.54)	$ (0.80)
Net loss per share of common stock outstanding, diluted	$ (0.17)	$ (0.39)	$ (0.54)	$ (0.80)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic	28,590	26,787	28,316	26,692
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, diluted	28,590	26,787	28,316	26,692

XML

Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Total
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 264	$ 393,644	$ (308,733)	$ 85,175
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021	26,395
Share-based awards and options exercises	$ 3	6		9
Share-based awards and options exercises, shares	322
Share-based compensation expense		2,252		2,252
Net Loss			(10,838)	(10,838)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 267	395,902	(319,571)	76,598
Ending balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2022	26,717
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 264	393,644	(308,733)	85,175
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021	26,395
Net Loss				(21,260)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 268	398,147	(329,993)	68,422
Ending balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2022	26,856
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 267	395,902	(319,571)	76,598
Beginning balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2022	26,717
Share-based awards and options exercises	$ 1	42		43
Share-based awards and options exercises, shares	139
Share-based compensation expense		2,203		2,203
Net Loss			(10,422)	(10,422)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 268	398,147	(329,993)	68,422
Ending balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2022	26,856
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 273	402,679	(345,892)	57,060
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022	27,268
Share-based awards and options exercises	$ 12	(12)
Share-based awards and options exercises, shares	1,197
Share-based compensation expense		1,805		1,805
Net Loss			(10,520)	(10,520)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 285	404,472	(356,412)	48,345
Ending balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2023	28,465
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 273	402,679	(345,892)	57,060
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022	27,268
Net Loss				(15,421)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 288	406,502	(361,313)	45,477
Ending balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2023	28,813
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 285	404,472	(356,412)	48,345
Beginning balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2023	28,465
Share-based awards and options exercises	$ 3	(3)
Share-based awards and options exercises, shares	348
Share-based compensation expense		2,033		2,033
Net Loss			(4,901)	(4,901)
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 288	$ 406,502	$ (361,313)	$ 45,477
Ending balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2023	28,813

XML

Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss	$ (15,421)	$ (21,260)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,004	657
Allowance for credit losses	(266)	328
Share-based compensation	3,838	4,455
Non-cash interest expense	322	340
Cost of rental units purchased by customers		92
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	(5,456)	(4,013)
Inventory	(7)	(840)
Net investments in sales-type leases	828	102
Prepaid commission expense	(620)	(610)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(2,762)	1,517
Accounts payable	1,577	(2,256)
Accrued expenses	(6,462)	1,451
Deferred revenue	(622)	(1,095)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities	(24,047)	(21,132)	$ (30,700)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software	(938)	(2,040)
Repayment of notes receivable	113
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(825)	(2,040)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Payments of debt issuance costs	(863)	(90)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt	2,500
Repayment of long-term debt	(1,200)
Proceeds from exercises of stock options		52
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities	437	(38)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(24,435)	(23,210)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period	70,340	94,141	94,141
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period	45,905	70,931	$ 70,340
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	2,075	1,638
Transfer of inventory to property and equipment	36	219
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software in accounts payable and accrued expenses	134	$ 308
Reduction of accounts receivable in current and long-term notes receivable	$ 6,330

XML

Description of Business

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Description of Business

1.     DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Neuronetics, Inc. (the “Company”) is a commercial stage medical technology company focused on designing, developing and marketing products that improve the quality of life for patients who suffer from neurohealth disorders. The Company’s first commercial product, the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System, is a non-invasive and non-systemic office-based treatment that uses transcranial magnetic stimulation (“TMS”) to create a pulsed, MRI-strength magnetic field that induces electrical currents designed to stimulate specific areas of the brain associated with mood. The system was cleared in 2008 by the United States (“U.S.”) Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) to treat adult patients with major depressive disorder (“MDD”) who have failed to achieve satisfactory improvement from prior antidepressant medication in the current MDD episode. The NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System is also available in other parts of the world, including Japan, where it is listed under Japan’s national health insurance. The Company intends to continue to pursue development of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System for additional indications.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $45.9 million and an accumulated deficit of $361.3 million. The Company incurred negative cash flows from operating activities of $24.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and $30.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company has incurred operating losses since its inception, and management anticipates that its operating losses will continue in the near term as the Company continues to invest in sales, marketing and product development activities. The Company’s primary sources of capital to date have been proceeds from its initial public offering (“IPO”), private placements of its convertible preferred securities, borrowings under its credit facility, proceeds from its secondary public offering of common stock and revenues from sales of its products. As of June 30, 2023, the Company had $37.5 million of borrowings outstanding under its credit facility, which has a final maturity in March 2028. Management believes that the Company’s cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2023, and anticipated revenues from sales of its products are sufficient to fund the Company’s operations for at least the next 12 months from the issuance of these financial statements.

XML

Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

2.     BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared from the books and records of the Company in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which permit reduced disclosures for interim periods. All adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the accompanying balance sheets and statements of operations and stockholders’ equity and cash flows have been made. Although these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete annual financial statements, management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Unaudited interim results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Unaudited interim financial statements and footnotes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023, wherein a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information can be found.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC requires the use of estimates and assumptions, based on judgments considered reasonable, which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Although management believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable when made, they are based upon information available at the time they are made. Management evaluates the estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and, if necessary, makes adjustments. Due to the risks and uncertainties involved in the Company’s business and evolving market conditions, and given the subjective element of the estimates and assumptions, actual results may differ materially from estimated results.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3.     SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s complete summary of significant accounting policies can be found in “Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023.

XML

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

New Accounting Pronouncements And Changes In Accounting Principles [Abstract]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

4.     RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

New Accounting Standards Adopted by the Company

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“Topic 326”). This ASU provides guidance for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses model. The FASB subsequently issued ASU 2019-04, to clarify and address certain items related to the amendments in Topic 326.

ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief, was issued to provide entities that have certain instruments within the scope of ASC 326 with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option under ASC 825-10, Financial Instruments - Overall, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments. ASU 2019-10, Topic 326, Topic 815, and Topic 842 amend the mandatory effective date for Topic 326.

The Company adopted Topic 326 with an adoption date of January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective approach. As a result, the Company changed its accounting policy for allowance for credit losses. The Company monitors accounts receivable and long term notes receivable and estimates the allowance for lifetime expected credit losses. Estimates of expected credit losses are based on historical collection experience and other factors, including those related to current market conditions and events. The adoption did not have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.

Other than the items noted above, there have been no new accounting pronouncements not yet effective or adopted in the current year that we believe have a significant impact, or potential significant impact, to our unaudited interim financial statements.

XML

Fair Value Measurement and Financial Instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurement and Financial Instruments

5.     FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The carrying values of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaids and other current assets, and accounts payable on the Company’s balance sheets approximated their fair values as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to their short-term nature. The carrying values of the Company’s credit facility approximated its fair value as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to its variable interest rate. The carrying value of the Company’s notes receivable approximated its fair value as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to its variable interest rate.

Certain of the Company’s financial instruments are measured at fair value using a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2: Inputs are quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; or model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

Level 3: Inputs are unobservable and reflect the Company’s own assumptions, based on the best information available, including the Company’s own data.

The following tables set forth the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
					Fair Value Measurement Based on
					Quoted		Significant
					Prices In		other		Significant
					Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying				Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	$	44,241	$	44,241	$	44,241	$	—	$	—

	December 31, 2022
					Fair Value Measurement Based on
					Quoted		Significant
					Prices In		other		Significant
					Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying				Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	$	68,002	$	68,002	$	68,002	$	—	$	—

XML

Accounts Receivable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Receivables [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable

6.     ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

The following table presents the composition of accounts receivable, net as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Gross accounts receivable - trade	$	14,365	$	15,239
Less: Allowances for credit losses		(1,220)		(1,648)
Accounts receivable, net	$	13,145	$	13,591

XML

Property and Equipment and Capitalized Software

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Property Plant And Equipment Abstract [Abstract]

Property and Equipment and Capitalized Software

7.     PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT AND CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE

The following table presents the composition of property and equipment, net as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Laboratory equipment	$	630	$	462
Office equipment		510		508
Computer equipment and software		1,902		1,758
Manufacturing equipment		417		343
Leasehold improvements		1,442		1,435
Rental equipment		577		542
Property and equipment, gross		5,478		5,048
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(3,370)		(3,057)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,108	$	1,991

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had capitalized software costs, net of $3.6 million, which are included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other assets” on the balance sheet.

Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.0 million and $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

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Notes Receivable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accounts Notes, Loans And Financing, Receivable, Gross, Allowance, And Net [Abstract]

Notes Receivable

8.     NOTES RECEIVABLE

Greenbrook TMS Inc.

On March 31, 2023, the Company entered into a Secured Promissory Note and Guaranty Agreement (the “Promissory Note”) with TMS Neurohealth Centers Inc. (the “Maker”) and Greenbrook TMS Inc. and its subsidiaries, excluding the Maker (the “Guarantors”), in the principal amount of $6.0 million for a period of four years.

The Promissory Note will bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (a) the floating interest rate of daily secured overnight financing rate as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on its website (“SOFR”) plus (b) 7.65%.

Pursuant to the terms of the Promissory Note, in the event of an event of default thereunder, the Maker will be required to issue common share purchase warrants to the Company equal to (i) 200% of the unpaid amount of any delinquent amount or payment due and payable under the Promissory Note, together with all outstanding and unpaid accrued interest, fees, charges and costs, divided by (ii) the exercise price of the

warrants, which will represent a 20% discount to the 30-day volume-weighted- average closing price of Greenbrook TMS Inc.’s common shares traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) prior to the date of issuance (subject to any limitations that may be required by Nasdaq).

Under the Promissory Note and related loan documents, the Maker and the Guarantors have granted to the Company a security interest in substantially all of the Maker’s and the Guarantors’ assets and the Guarantors have guaranteed the Maker’s obligations under the Promissory Note. The Company’s security interest pursuant to the Promissory Note and related loan documents ranks pari passu with the Maker’s senior lender, Madryn Fund Administration, LLC, and is subject to an intercreditor agreement.

Success TMS

On September 29, 2021, the Company entered into an exclusive, five-year master sales agreement with Check Five LLC doing business as Success TMS (“Success TMS”). In connection with the Commercial Agreement, the Company agreed to loan Success TMS the principal amount of $10.0 million for a period of five years pursuant to a secured promissory note (the “Note”). The Note included interest at a floating rate equal to the prime rate plus 6.00% per annum and interest-only period through October 1, 2022, after which time Success TMS was required to make monthly payments of principal and interest.

On July 14, 2022, Success TMS repaid in full the Note with a cash payment of $10.5 million, which included all outstanding principal, prepayment premium and accrued but unpaid interest. The repayment extinguished the Note in its entirety and terminated the Subordination Agreement entered into by the Company.

Interest income recognized by the Company was $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Interest income recognized by the Company was $1.2 million and $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Current portion of notes receivable	$	2,015	$	230
Long-term notes receivable		4,793		362
Less: Allowances for credit losses		(162)		—
Notes receivable, net	$	6,646	$	592

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Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

9.     LEASES

Lessee:

The Company has operating leases for its corporate headquarters, a training facility and office equipment, including copiers. The Company leases an approximately 32,000 square foot facility in Malvern, Pennsylvania for its corporate headquarters, which includes office and warehouse space. The Company leases an approximately 9,600 square foot facility in Charlotte, North Carolina as a training facility for its NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems. The Company does not currently have any finance leases or executed leases that have not yet commenced.

Operating lease rent expense was $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. As of June 30, 2023, the weighted-average remaining lease term of operating leases was 4.6 years and the weighted-average discount rate was 7.2%.

The following table presents the supplemental cash flow information as a lessee related to leases (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	521	$	425

The following table sets forth by year the required future payments of operating lease liabilities (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
Remainder of 2023	$	428
2024		875
2025		898
2026		921
2027		882
Thereafter		116
Total lease payments		4,120
Less imputed interest		(623)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	3,497

Lessor sales-type leases:

Certain customers have purchased NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems on a rent-to-own basis. The lease term is three or four years with a customer option to purchase the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System at the end of the lease or automatic transfer of ownership of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System at the end of the lease.

The following table sets forth the profit recognized on sales-type leases (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Profit recognized at commencement, net	$	47	$	373	$	47	$	420
Interest income		—		—		—		—
Total sales-type lease income	$	47	$	373	$	47	$	420

The following table sets forth a maturity analysis of the undiscounted lease receivables related to sales-type leases (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2023
Remainder of 2023	$	610
2024		851
2025		376
2026		67
2027		27
Total sales-type lease receivables	$	1,931

As of June 30, 2023, the carrying amount of the lease receivables is $1.9 million. The Company does not have any unguaranteed residual assets.

Lessor operating leases:

NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems sold for which collection is not probable are accounted for as operating leases. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized operating lease income of $0.04 million and $0.05 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized operating lease income of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

The Company maintained rental equipment, net of $0.4 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which are included in “Property and equipment, net” on the balance sheet. Rental equipment depreciation expense was $0.02 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.04 million and $0.05 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

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Prepaid Commission Expense

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Amortization Of Deferred Charges [Abstract]

Prepaid Commission Expense

10.     PREPAID COMMISSION EXPENSE

The Company pays a commission on both NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System sales and treatment session sales. Since the commission paid for system sales is not commensurate with the commission paid for treatment sessions, the Company capitalizes commission expense associated with NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System sales commissions paid that is incremental to specifically anticipated future treatment session orders. In developing this estimate, the Company considered its historical treatment session sales and customer retention rates, as well as technology development life cycles and other industry factors. These costs are periodically reviewed for impairment.

NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System commissions are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over a seven-year period equal to the average customer term, which the Company deems to be the expected period of benefit for these costs.

On the Company’s balance sheets, the current portion of capitalized contract costs is represented by the current portion of prepaid commission expense, while the long-term portion is included in prepaid commission expense. Amortization expense was $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.1 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

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Accrued Expenses

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Payable And Accruals [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses

11.     ACCRUED EXPENSES

The following table presents the composition of accrued expenses as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Compensation and related benefits	$	4,884	$	11,201
Consulting and professional fees		648		761
Research and development expenses		337		678
Sales and marketing expenses		822		410
Warranty		224		328
Sales and other taxes payable		701		659
Other		759		800
Accrued expenses	$	8,375	$	14,837

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Deferred Revenue

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Deferred Revenue [Abstract]

Deferred Revenue

12.     DEFERRED REVENUE

Payment terms typically require payment upon shipment or installation of the NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System and additional payments as access codes for treatment sessions are delivered, which can span several years after the system is first delivered and installed. The timing of revenue recognition compared to billings and cash collections typically results in accounts receivable. However, sometimes customer advances and deposits may be required for certain customers and are recorded as contract liabilities (deferred revenue). For multi-year agreements, the Company generally invoices customers annually at the beginning of each annual coverage period and recognizes revenue over the term of the coverage period.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company expects to recognize approximately the following percentages of deferred revenue by year:

	Revenue
Year:	Recognition
Remainder of 2023	47	%
2024	42	%
2025	10	%
2026	1	%
Total	100	%

Revenue recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year was $1.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, and primarily represented revenue earned from separately priced extended warranties, customer deposits, milestone revenue, and clinical training.

Customers

Significant customers are those that represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, one customer accounted for 14% and 20% of the Company’s revenue, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, one customer accounted for 16% and 19% of the Company’s revenue, respectively.

Accounts receivable outstanding related to the customer was $2.0 million and $5.2 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Geographical information

The following geographic data includes revenue generated from the Company’s third-party distributors. The Company’s revenue was generated in the following geographic regions and by product line for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Revenues by Geography
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	17,289	98	%	$	16,132	99	%
International		321	2	%		197	1	%
Total revenues	$	17,610	100	%	$	16,329	100	%

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	4,489	26	%	$	4,382	27	%
Treatment sessions		12,314	71	%		11,295	70	%
Other		486	3	%		455	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	17,289	100	%	$	16,132	100	%

	International Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	56	18	%	$	52	26	%
Treatment sessions		126	39	%		14	7	%
Other		139	43	%		131	67	%
Total international revenues	$	321	100	%	$	197	100	%

	Revenues by Geography
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	32,253	97	%	$	29,648	97	%
International		897	3	%		862	3	%
Total revenues	$	33,150	100	%	$	30,510	100	%

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	8,339	26	%	$	8,024	27	%
Treatment sessions		22,957	71	%		20,763	70	%
Other		957	3	%		861	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	32,253	100	%	$	29,648	100	%

	International Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	314	35	%	$	364	42	%
Treatment sessions		310	35	%		184	21	%
Other		273	30	%		314	37	%
Total International revenues	$	897	100	%	$	862	100	%

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Debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

13.     DEBT

The following table presents the composition of debt as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Outstanding principal	$	37,500	$	35,000
Accrued final payment fees		1,856		1,925
Less debt discounts		(2,643)		(971)
Total debt, net		36,713		35,954
Less current portion		—		(13,125)
Long-term debt, net	$	36,713	$	22,829

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized interest expense of $1.1 million, of which $1.0 million was cash and $0.1 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized interest expense of $1.0 million, of which $0.8 million was cash and $0.2 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized interest expense of $2.4 million, of which $2.1 million was cash and $0.3 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized interest expense of $2.0 million, of which $1.7 million was cash and $0.3 million was non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs and accrual of final payment fees.

Solar Credit Facility

Solar Facility Fourth Amendment

On March 29, 2023, the Company entered into a fourth amendment (the “Solar Fourth Amendment”) to the Loan and Security Agreement dated March 2, 2020 with SLR Investment Corp. (formerly known as Solar Capital Ltd.) (“Solar”), as collateral agent and other lenders as defined in the agreement (the “Lenders”; such agreement, as amended, the “Solar Facility”).

The Solar Facility permits the Company to borrow up to $60.0 million in three tranches of term loans, a “Term A Loan” in an aggregate amount of $35.0 million, a “Term B Loan” (collectively with the Term A Loan, the “Loans”) in an aggregate amount of $2.5 million, and an uncommitted “Term C Facility” in an aggregate principal amount equal to $22.5 million in the sole and absolute discretion of the Lenders and subject to the Lenders’ credit approval. On March 29, 2023, the Company borrowed an aggregate amount of $2.5 million under the Term B Loan. The Term A Loan was fully drawn prior to the effectiveness of the Solar Fourth Amendment. The maturity date of the Loans is March 29, 2028. Prior to the effectiveness of the Solar Fourth Amendment, the maturity date of the Term A Loan was February 28, 2025.

The Loans accrue interest from the date of borrowing through the date of repayment at a floating per annum rate of interest, which resets monthly and is equal to the greater of 5.65% plus (a) 3.95% or (b) daily simple SOFR for a term of one month. Only interest is required to be paid on the Loans until March 1, 2026. Prior to the effectiveness of the Solar Fourth Amendment, the interest only period with respect to the Term A Loan expired on March 1, 2023. Commencing April 1, 2026, the Company will be required to make monthly payments of principal and interest on the Loans.

In addition to the principal and interest payments due under the Solar Facility, the Company is required to pay a final payment fee to Solar due upon the earlier of prepayment, acceleration or the maturity date of the Loans equal to 4.95% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded. If the Company prepays the Loans prior to their respective scheduled maturities, the Company will also be required to pay prepayment fees to Solar equal to 3% of the principal amount of such term loan then-prepaid if prepaid on or before the first anniversary of the Solar Fourth Amendment, 2% of the principal amount of such term loan then-prepaid if prepaid after the first anniversary and on or before the second anniversary of the Solar Fourth Amendment, or 1% of the principal amount of such term loan then-prepaid if prepaid after the second anniversary of the Solar Fourth Amendment.

The Company is also required to pay Solar an exit fee upon the occurrence of (a) any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, (b) any transaction that results in a person obtaining control over the Company, (c) the Company achieving $100 million in trailing twelve-month net product revenue or (d) the Company achieving $125 million in trailing twelve-month net product revenue. The exit fee for liquidation, dissolution, winding up or change of control of the Company is equal to 2% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded. The exit fee for achieving either $100 million or $125 million in trailing twelve-month net product revenue is equal to 1% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded or, if both net product revenue milestones are achieved, 2% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded. The exit fee is capped at 2% of the principal amount of the term loans actually funded.

In connection with entering into the Solar Fourth Amendment and pursuant to the prepayment provisions of the previous Solar facility, the company paid Solar a final payment fee of $1.2 million on March 29, 2023.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company is in compliance with all covenants in the Solar Facility and is projected to be in compliance with the covenants going forward.

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Common Stock

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Common Stock

14.     COMMON STOCK

Common Stock

The following table summarizes the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock issued and reserved for issuance as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Shares of common stock issued	28,813	27,268
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Common stock warrants outstanding	61	61
Stock options outstanding	1,277	1,301
Restricted stock units outstanding	3,707	3,901
Shares available for grant under stock incentive plans	904	1,140
Shares available for sale under employee stock purchase plan	1,335	1,063
Total shares of common stock issued and reserved for issuance	36,097	34,734

Common Stock Warrants

The following table summarize the Company’s outstanding common stock warrants as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022:

Warrants
Outstanding
(in thousands)	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
20	$	9.73	Aug-2023
20	$	9.73	Mar-2024
21	$	9.73	Dec-2024
61

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Loss Per Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Loss Per Share

15.     LOSS PER SHARE

The Company’s basic loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company’s restricted stock awards (non-vested shares) are issued and outstanding at the time of grant but are excluded from the Company’s computation of weighted-average shares outstanding in the determination of basic loss per share until vesting occurs.

A net loss cannot be diluted, so when the Company is in a net loss position, basic and diluted loss per common share are the same. If in the future the Company achieves profitability, the denominator of a diluted earnings per common share calculation will include both the weighted-average number of shares outstanding and the number of common stock equivalents, if the inclusion of such common stock equivalents would be dilutive. Dilutive common stock equivalents potentially include warrants, stock options, non-vested restricted stock units and non-vested performance restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) using the treasury stock method, along with the effect, if any, from the potential conversion of outstanding securities, such as convertible preferred stock.

The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 have been excluded from the denominator of the diluted loss per share of common stock outstanding calculation (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2023	2022
Stock options	1,277	1,428
Non-vested PRSUs	395	395
Non-vested restricted stock units	3,312	3,881
Common stock warrants	61	75

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Share-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

16.     SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The amount of share-based compensation expense recognized by the Company by location in its statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of revenues	$	36	$	34	$	72		60
Sales and marketing		713		1,049		1,356		2,183
General and administrative		1,115		1,002		2,082		2,011
Research and development		169		118		328		201
Total	$	2,033	$	2,203	$	3,838	$	4,455

2018 Equity Incentive Plan

In June 2018, the Company adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, (the “2018 Plan”), which authorized the issuance of up to 1.4 million shares, subject to an annual 4% increase based on the number of shares of common stock outstanding, in the form of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and stock options to the Company’s directors, employees and consultants. The amount and terms of grants are determined by the Company’s board of directors. All stock options granted to date have had exercise prices equal to the fair value, as determined by the closing price as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market, of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The contractual term of stock options is up to 10 years, and stock options are exercisable in cash or as otherwise determined by the Company’s board of directors. Generally, stock options vest 25% upon the first anniversary of the date of grant and the remainder ratably monthly thereafter for 36 months. Restricted stock units generally vest ratably in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. PRSUs generally vest based on appreciation of the Company’s common stock to a certain price as determined by the Company’s board of directors measured using a trailing 30-day volume-weighted-average price of a share of the Company’s common stock. The fair value of the PRSU awards are determined using a risk neutral Monte Carlo simulation valuation model. As of June 30, 2023, there were 0.6 million shares available for future issuance under the 2018 Plan.

2020 Inducement Incentive Plan

In December 2020, the Company adopted the 2020 Inducement Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which authorized the issuance of up to 0.4 million shares, subject to increase by approval of the Company’s board of directors, in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance stock awards and other stock awards to eligible employees who satisfy the standards for inducement grants under Nasdaq Global Market rules. In March 2022, the Company’s board of directors approved an additional 0.5 million shares for the issuance under the 2020 Plan. An individual who previously served as an employee or director of the Company is not eligible to receive awards under the 2020 Plan. The amount and terms of grants are determined by the Company’s board of directors. As of June 30, 2023, there were 0.3 million shares available for future issuance under the 2020 Plan.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

				Weighted-	Aggregate
	Number of	Weighted-		average	average
	Shares under	average		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Option	Exercise Price		Contractual	Value
	(in thousands)	per Option		Life (in years)	(in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1,301	$	4.07
Granted	—	$	—
Exercised	—	$	—
Forfeited	(24)	$	13.15
Outstanding at June 30, 2023	1,277	$	3.90	6.5	$	161
Exercisable at June 30, 2023	996	$	4.41	6.4	$	115
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2023	1,277	$	3.90	6.5	$	161

The Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to stock options of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. As of June 30, 2023, there was $0.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 1.0 years.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 the Company did not grant stock options.

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock unit and PRSU activity for June 30, 2023:

	Non-vested		Weighted-	Non-vested		Weighted-
	Restricted		average	PRSUs		average
	Stock Units		Grant-date			Grant-date
	(in thousands)		Fair Value	(in thousands)		Fair Value
Non-vested at December 31, 2022	3,506	$	4.29	395	$	6.77
Granted	1,543	$	4.91	—	$	—
Vested	(1,545)	$	4.43	—	$	—
Forfeited	(192)	$	5.00	—	$	—
Non-vested at June 30, 2023	3,312	$	4.48	395	$	6.77

The Company recognized $1.9 million and $2.0 million in share-based compensation expense related to the restricted stock units and PRSUs for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $3.6 million and $4.1 million the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of June 30, 2023, there was $12.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock units and PRSUs, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years. The total fair value at the vesting date of restricted stock units and PRSUs vested during the six months ended June 30, 2023, was $8.0 million.

The Company did not grant PRSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure[Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

17.     COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Matters

The Company is subject from time to time to various claims and legal actions arising during the ordinary course of its business. Management believes that there are currently no claims or legal actions that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

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Segment Information

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Segments Geographical Areas [Abstract]

Segment Information

18.     SEGMENT INFORMATION

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company currently operates in one business segment as it is managed and operated as one business. A single management team that reports to the chief operating decision maker comprehensively manages the entire business. The Company does not operate any material separate lines of business or separate business entities with respect to its products or product development.

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Government Assistance

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Government Assistance [Abstract]

Government Assistance

19.     GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE

Employee Retention Credit

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act provided an Employee Retention Credit (“ERC”), which was a refundable tax credit related to certain payroll taxes. The Company applies the grant model and determined the criteria for recognition of the ERC was met during the quarter ended June 30, 2023 based on the Company’s determination of eligibility and filing of the ERC claim. As of June 30, 2023, the Company recorded a $2.9 million receivable within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s

balance sheet. The credit is reported within other income, net in the Company’s statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Interim Financial Statements

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared from the books and records of the Company in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which permit reduced disclosures for interim periods. All adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the accompanying balance sheets and statements of operations and stockholders’ equity and cash flows have been made. Although these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete annual financial statements, management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Unaudited interim results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Unaudited interim financial statements and footnotes should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2023, wherein a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information can be found.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC requires the use of estimates and assumptions, based on judgments considered reasonable, which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Although management believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable when made, they are based upon information available at the time they are made. Management evaluates the estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and, if necessary, makes adjustments. Due to the risks and uncertainties involved in the Company’s business and evolving market conditions, and given the subjective element of the estimates and assumptions, actual results may differ materially from estimated results.

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Fair Value Measurement and Financial Instruments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The following tables set forth the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
					Fair Value Measurement Based on
					Quoted		Significant
					Prices In		other		Significant
					Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying				Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	$	44,241	$	44,241	$	44,241	$	—	$	—

	December 31, 2022
					Fair Value Measurement Based on
					Quoted		Significant
					Prices In		other		Significant
					Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Carrying				Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Amount		Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Assets
Money market funds (cash equivalents)	$	68,002	$	68,002	$	68,002	$	—	$	—

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Accounts Receivable (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Receivables [Abstract]

Composition of Accounts Receivable, Net

The following table presents the composition of accounts receivable, net as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Gross accounts receivable - trade	$	14,365	$	15,239
Less: Allowances for credit losses		(1,220)		(1,648)
Accounts receivable, net	$	13,145	$	13,591

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Property and Equipment and Capitalized Software (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Property Plant And Equipment Abstract [Abstract]

Summary of Composition of Property and Equipment, Net

The following table presents the composition of property and equipment, net as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Laboratory equipment	$	630	$	462
Office equipment		510		508
Computer equipment and software		1,902		1,758
Manufacturing equipment		417		343
Leasehold improvements		1,442		1,435
Rental equipment		577		542
Property and equipment, gross		5,478		5,048
Less: Accumulated depreciation		(3,370)		(3,057)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,108	$	1,991

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Notes Receivables (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accounts Notes, Loans And Financing, Receivable, Gross, Allowance, And Net [Abstract]

Schedule of Notes Receivable, Net

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Current portion of notes receivable	$	2,015	$	230
Long-term notes receivable		4,793		362
Less: Allowances for credit losses		(162)		—
Notes receivable, net	$	6,646	$	592

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Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information as Lessee Related to Leases

The following table presents the supplemental cash flow information as a lessee related to leases (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	521	$	425

Schedule of Future Payments of Operating Lease Liabilities

The following table sets forth by year the required future payments of operating lease liabilities (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
Remainder of 2023	$	428
2024		875
2025		898
2026		921
2027		882
Thereafter		116
Total lease payments		4,120
Less imputed interest		(623)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	3,497

Schedule of Profit Recognized on Sales-type Leases

The following table sets forth the profit recognized on sales-type leases (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Profit recognized at commencement, net	$	47	$	373	$	47	$	420
Interest income		—		—		—		—
Total sales-type lease income	$	47	$	373	$	47	$	420

Schedule of Maturity Analysis of Undiscounted Lease Receivables Related to Sales-type Leases

The following table sets forth a maturity analysis of the undiscounted lease receivables related to sales-type leases (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2023
Remainder of 2023	$	610
2024		851
2025		376
2026		67
2027		27
Total sales-type lease receivables	$	1,931

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Accrued Expenses (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Payable And Accruals [Abstract]

Summary of Composition of Accrued Expenses

The following table presents the composition of accrued expenses as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Compensation and related benefits	$	4,884	$	11,201
Consulting and professional fees		648		761
Research and development expenses		337		678
Sales and marketing expenses		822		410
Warranty		224		328
Sales and other taxes payable		701		659
Other		759		800
Accrued expenses	$	8,375	$	14,837

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Deferred Revenue (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Summary of Percentages of Deferred Revenue by Year

As of June 30, 2023, the Company expects to recognize approximately the following percentages of deferred revenue by year:

	Revenue
Year:	Recognition
Remainder of 2023	47	%
2024	42	%
2025	10	%
2026	1	%
Total	100	%

Summary of Revenue Generated in Geographic Regions for Years Indicated

	Revenues by Geography
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	17,289	98	%	$	16,132	99	%
International		321	2	%		197	1	%
Total revenues	$	17,610	100	%	$	16,329	100	%

	Revenues by Geography
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S.	$	32,253	97	%	$	29,648	97	%
International		897	3	%		862	3	%
Total revenues	$	33,150	100	%	$	30,510	100	%

U.S.

Summary of Revenue Generated in Product Category for Years Indicated

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	4,489	26	%	$	4,382	27	%
Treatment sessions		12,314	71	%		11,295	70	%
Other		486	3	%		455	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	17,289	100	%	$	16,132	100	%

	U.S. Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	8,339	26	%	$	8,024	27	%
Treatment sessions		22,957	71	%		20,763	70	%
Other		957	3	%		861	3	%
Total U.S. revenues	$	32,253	100	%	$	29,648	100	%

International

Summary of Revenue Generated in Product Category for Years Indicated

	International Revenues by Product Category
	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	56	18	%	$	52	26	%
Treatment sessions		126	39	%		14	7	%
Other		139	43	%		131	67	%
Total international revenues	$	321	100	%	$	197	100	%

	International Revenues by Product Category
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022
			% of				% of
	Amount		Revenues		Amount		Revenues
	(in thousands, except percentages)
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System	$	314	35	%	$	364	42	%
Treatment sessions		310	35	%		184	21	%
Other		273	30	%		314	37	%
Total International revenues	$	897	100	%	$	862	100	%

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Debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Composition of Debt

The following table presents the composition of debt as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Outstanding principal	$	37,500	$	35,000
Accrued final payment fees		1,856		1,925
Less debt discounts		(2,643)		(971)
Total debt, net		36,713		35,954
Less current portion		—		(13,125)
Long-term debt, net	$	36,713	$	22,829

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Common Stock (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of Common Stock Issued and Reserved for Issuance

The following table summarizes the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock issued and reserved for issuance as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Shares of common stock issued	28,813	27,268
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Common stock warrants outstanding	61	61
Stock options outstanding	1,277	1,301
Restricted stock units outstanding	3,707	3,901
Shares available for grant under stock incentive plans	904	1,140
Shares available for sale under employee stock purchase plan	1,335	1,063
Total shares of common stock issued and reserved for issuance	36,097	34,734

Summary of Outstanding Warrants

The following table summarize the Company’s outstanding common stock warrants as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022:

Warrants
Outstanding
(in thousands)	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
20	$	9.73	Aug-2023
20	$	9.73	Mar-2024
21	$	9.73	Dec-2024
61

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Loss Per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Potentially Dilutive Securities Outstanding Excluded from Diluted Loss Per Share Calculation

The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 have been excluded from the denominator of the diluted loss per share of common stock outstanding calculation (in thousands):

	June 30,
	2023	2022
Stock options	1,277	1,428
Non-vested PRSUs	395	395
Non-vested restricted stock units	3,312	3,881
Common stock warrants	61	75

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Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense

The amount of share-based compensation expense recognized by the Company by location in its statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Cost of revenues	$	36	$	34	$	72		60
Sales and marketing		713		1,049		1,356		2,183
General and administrative		1,115		1,002		2,082		2,011
Research and development		169		118		328		201
Total	$	2,033	$	2,203	$	3,838	$	4,455

Summary of Stock Option Activity

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

				Weighted-	Aggregate
	Number of	Weighted-		average	average
	Shares under	average		Remaining	Intrinsic
	Option	Exercise Price		Contractual	Value
	(in thousands)	per Option		Life (in years)	(in thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1,301	$	4.07
Granted	—	$	—
Exercised	—	$	—
Forfeited	(24)	$	13.15
Outstanding at June 30, 2023	1,277	$	3.90	6.5	$	161
Exercisable at June 30, 2023	996	$	4.41	6.4	$	115
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2023	1,277	$	3.90	6.5	$	161

Summary of Restricted Stock Units and Performance Restricted Stock Units Activity

The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock unit and PRSU activity for June 30, 2023:

	Non-vested		Weighted-	Non-vested		Weighted-
	Restricted		average	PRSUs		average
	Stock Units		Grant-date			Grant-date
	(in thousands)		Fair Value	(in thousands)		Fair Value
Non-vested at December 31, 2022	3,506	$	4.29	395	$	6.77
Granted	1,543	$	4.91	—	$	—
Vested	(1,545)	$	4.43	—	$	—
Forfeited	(192)	$	5.00	—	$	—
Non-vested at June 30, 2023	3,312	$	4.48	395	$	6.77

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Description of Business - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 45,905		$ 70,340
Accumulated deficit	361,313		345,892
Cash flows from operating activities	24,047	$ 21,132	$ 30,700
$37.5 Million Credit Facility | Oxford Finance LLC
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS [Line Items]
Borrowings outstanding under credit facility	$ 37,500
Credit facility maturity date	Mar. 31, 2028

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Fair Value Measurement and Financial Instruments - Schedule of Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of Financial Instruments (Details) - Money market funds - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Carrying Amount
Assets
Total assets	$ 44,241	$ 68,002
Fair Value
Assets
Total assets	44,241	68,002
Quoted Prices In Active Markets (Level 1)
Assets
Total assets	$ 44,241	$ 68,002

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Accounts Receivable - Composition of Accounts Receivable, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]
Gross accounts receivable - trade	$ 14,365	$ 15,239
Less: Allowances for doubtful accounts	(1,220)	(1,648)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 13,145	$ 13,591

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Property and Equipment and Capitalized Software - Summary of Composition of Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 5,478	$ 5,048
Less: Accumulated depreciation	(3,370)	(3,057)
Property and equipment, net	2,108	1,991
Laboratory Equipment
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	630	462
Office Equipment
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	510	508
Computer Equipment and Software
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,902	1,758
Manufacturing Equipment
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	417	343
Leasehold Improvements
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,442	1,435
Rental Equipment
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	577	542
Property and equipment, net	$ 400	$ 400

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Property and Equipment and Capitalized Software - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 0.5	$ 0.3	$ 1.0	$ 0.7
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Capitalized software cost, net	$ 3.6		$ 3.6		$ 3.6

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Notes Receivables - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands				3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) D	Jul. 14, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Payment amount of notes receivable				$ 6,646		$ 6,646		$ 592
Greenbrook TMS Inc | Secured Promissory Note
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Term of notes receivable	4 years
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.65%
Percentage of unpaid amount	200.00%
Discount rate	20.00%
Number of day volume-weighted average closing price | D	30
Principal amount of notes receivable	$ 6,000
Success TMS
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Repayment of notes issued		$ 10,500
Success TMS | Secured Promissory Note
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Term of master sales agreement			5 years
Term of notes receivable			5 years
Principal amount of notes receivable			$ 10,000
Success TMS | Secured Promissory Note | Other income, net
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Interest income recognized				$ 600	$ 400	$ 1,200	$ 600
Success TMS | Secured Promissory Note | Prime Rate
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)			6.00%

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Notes Receivables net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts Notes, Loans And Financing, Receivable, Gross, Allowance, And Net [Abstract]
Current portion of notes receivables	$ 2,015	$ 230
Long-term notes receivable	4,793	362
Less: Allowances for credit losses	(162)
Notes receivable, net	$ 6,646	$ 592

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Leases - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) ft²	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) ft²	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Leases [Line Items]
Lessee, finance lease, lease not yet commenced, description			The Company does not currently have any finance leases or executed leases that have not yet commenced.
Operating lease, rent expense, net	$ 200	$ 200	$ 400	$ 400
Operating lease, weighted-average remaining lease term	4 years 7 months 6 days		4 years 7 months 6 days
Operating lease, weighted-average discount rate	7.20%		7.20%
Carrying amount of lease receivables	$ 1,900		$ 1,900
Unguaranteed residual assets	0		0
Operating lease income	40	50	100	100
Property and equipment, net	$ 2,108		$ 2,108		$ 1,991
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems | Minimum
Leases [Line Items]
Lessor sales-type lease, Term	3 years		3 years
NeuroStar Advanced Therapy Systems | Maximum
Leases [Line Items]
Lessor sales-type lease, Term	4 years		4 years
Headquarters and Office Equipment, Including Copiers
Leases [Line Items]
Area of lease facility | ft²	32,000		32,000
Rental Equipment
Leases [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	$ 400		$ 400		$ 400
Rental equipment depreciation expense	$ 20	$ 20	$ 40	$ 50
Charlotte, North Carolina
Leases [Line Items]
Area of lease facility | ft²	9,600		9,600

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Leases - Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information as Lessee Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 521	$ 425

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Leases - Schedule of Future Payments of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Operating Lease Liabilities [Abstract]
Remainder of 2023	$ 428
2024	875
2025	898
2026	921
2027	882
Thereafter	116
Total lease payments	4,120
Less imputed interest	(623)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$ 3,497

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Leases- Schedule of Profit Recognized on Sales-type Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Sales Type Lease Lease Income [Abstract]
Profit recognized at commencement, net	$ 47	$ 373	$ 47	$ 420
Total sales-type lease income	$ 47	$ 373	$ 47	$ 420

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Leases - Schedule of Maturity Analysis of Undiscounted Lease Receivables Related to Sales-type Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Sales Type And Direct Financing Leases Lease Receivable Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Remainder of 2023	$ 610
2024	851
2025	376
2026	67
2027	27
Total sales-type lease receivables	$ 1,931

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Prepaid Commission Expense - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Amortization Of Deferred Charges [Abstract]
Amortization period of deferred commissions			7 years
Amortization expense	$ 0.6	$ 0.5	$ 1.1	$ 0.9

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Accrued Expenses- Summary of Composition of Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Payable And Accruals [Abstract]
Compensation and related benefits	$ 4,884	$ 11,201
Consulting and professional fees	648	761
Research and development expenses	337	678
Sales and marketing expenses	822	410
Warranty	224	328
Sales and other taxes payable	701	659
Other	759	800
Accrued expenses	$ 8,375	$ 14,837

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Deferred Revenue - Summary of Percentages of Deferred Revenue by Year (Details)	Jun. 30, 2023
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	100.00%
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction Start Date [Axis]: 2023-07-01
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	47.00%
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	6 months
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	42.00%
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	1 year
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	10.00%
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	1 year
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction Start Date [Axis]: 2026-01-01
Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation Expected Timing Of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	1.00%
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	1 year

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Deferred Revenue - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) customer	Jun. 30, 2022 customer	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) customer	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) customer	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized			$ 1,400	$ 1,800
Number of customer accounted for more than 10% of revenues | customer	1	1	1	1
Accounts receivable	$ 13,145		$ 13,145		$ 13,591
Credit concentration risk | Customer 1
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Accounts receivable	$ 2,000		$ 2,000		$ 5,200
Revenue | Customer concentration risk | Customer 1
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percentage of Revenues	14.00%	20.00%	16.00%	19.00%

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Deferred Revenue - Summary of Revenue Generated in Geographic Regions for Years Indicated (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 17,610	$ 16,329	$ 33,150	$ 30,510
Revenue | Geographic Concentration
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 17,610	$ 16,329	$ 33,150	$ 30,510
Percentage of Revenues	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Revenue | U.S. | Geographic Concentration
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 17,289	$ 16,132	$ 32,253	$ 29,648
Percentage of Revenues	98.00%	99.00%	97.00%	97.00%
Revenue | International | Geographic Concentration
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 321	$ 197	$ 897	$ 862
Percentage of Revenues	2.00%	1.00%	3.00%	3.00%

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Deferred Revenue - Summary of Revenue Generated in Product Category for Years Indicated (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 17,610	$ 16,329	$ 33,150	$ 30,510
Product Category | U.S. | Revenue
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 17,289	$ 16,132	$ 32,253	$ 29,648
Percentage of Revenues	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Product Category | U.S. | Revenue | NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 4,489	$ 4,382	$ 8,339	$ 8,024
Percentage of Revenues	26.00%	27.00%	26.00%	27.00%
Product Category | U.S. | Revenue | Treatment Sessions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 12,314	$ 11,295	$ 22,957	$ 20,763
Percentage of Revenues	71.00%	70.00%	71.00%	70.00%
Product Category | U.S. | Revenue | Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 486	$ 455	$ 957	$ 861
Percentage of Revenues	3.00%	3.00%	3.00%	3.00%
Product Category | International | Revenue
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 321	$ 197	$ 897	$ 862
Percentage of Revenues	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Product Category | International | Revenue | NeuroStar Advanced Therapy System
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 56	$ 52	$ 314	$ 364
Percentage of Revenues	18.00%	26.00%	35.00%	42.00%
Product Category | International | Revenue | Treatment Sessions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 126	$ 14	$ 310	$ 184
Percentage of Revenues	39.00%	7.00%	35.00%	21.00%
Product Category | International | Revenue | Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 139	$ 131	$ 273	$ 314
Percentage of Revenues	43.00%	67.00%	30.00%	37.00%

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Debt - Summary of Composition of Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Outstanding principal	$ 37,500	$ 35,000
Accrued final payment fees	1,856	1,925
Less debt discounts	(2,643)	(971)
Total debt, net	36,713	35,954
Less current portion		(13,125)
Long-term debt, net	$ 36,713	$ 22,829

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Debt- Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 29, 2023 USD ($) tranche	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest expense		$ 1.1	$ 1.0	$ 2.4	$ 2.0
Cash interest expense		1.0	0.8	2.1	1.7
Non-cash interest expense		$ 0.1	$ 0.2	$ 0.3	$ 0.3
Solar Capital Ltd
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fees percentage	2.00%
Trailing twelve month net product revenue first threshold limit to pay exit fee	$ 100.0
Trailing twelve month net product revenue Second threshold limit to pay exit fee	$ 125.0
Percentage of exit fee for liquidation, dissolution, winding up or change of control of the Company	4.95%
Percentage of exit fee upon achievement of any trailing twelve month revenues	1.00%
Percentage of exit fee upon achievement of both trailing twelve month revenues	2.00%
Capped exit fee percentage on term loan principal amount	2.00%
Solar Capital Ltd | Prepaid on or Before First Anniversary of Funding
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fees percentage	3.00%
Solar Capital Ltd | Prepaid After First and on or Before Second Anniversary of Funding
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fees percentage	2.00%
Solar Capital Ltd | Prepaid After Second Anniversary of Funding
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment fees percentage	1.00%
Solar Capital Ltd | Term A Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate during the period	3.95%
Solar Capital Ltd | Term A Loan | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate during the period	5.65%
Solar Capital Ltd | $35.0 Million Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 60.0
Term loans number of tranches | tranche	3
Solar Capital Ltd | $35.0 Million Credit Facility | Term A Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings outstanding under credit facility	$ 35.0
Solar Capital Ltd | $35.0 Million Credit Facility | Term B Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings outstanding under credit facility	2.5
Solar Capital Ltd | $35.0 Million Credit Facility | Term C Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings outstanding under credit facility	22.5
Solar Capital Ltd | $50.0 Million Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument final payment fee amount	1.2
Solar Capital Ltd | Two Point Five Million Credits Facility [Member] | Term B Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Borrowings outstanding under credit facility	$ 2.5

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Common Stock - Summary of Common Stock Issued and Reserved for Issuance (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Stockholders Deficit [Line Items]
Shares of common stock issued	28,813	27,268
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Total shares of common stock issued and reserved for issuance	36,097	34,734
Common stock warrants
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance	61	61
Stock Options Outstanding
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance	1,277	1,301
Restricted stock units outstanding
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance	3,707	3,901
Shares available for grant under stock incentive plans
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance	904	1,140
Shares available for sale under employee stock purchase plan
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance for:
Shares of common stock reserved for issuance	1,335	1,063

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Common Stock- Summary of Outstanding Common Stock Warrants (Details) shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 $ / shares shares
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding	61
Exercise Price $9.73
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding	20
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 9.73
Expiration Date	2023-08
Exercise Price. $9.73
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding	20
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 9.73
Expiration Date	2024-03
Exercise Price $9.73
Class Of Warrant Or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding	21
Exercise Price | $ / shares	$ 9.73
Expiration Date	2024-12

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Loss Per Share - Schedule of Potentially Dilutive Securities Outstanding Excluded from Diluted Loss Per Share Calculation (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potentially dilutive securities outstanding excluded from diluted loss per share	1,277	1,428
Non-vested PRSUs
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potentially dilutive securities outstanding excluded from diluted loss per share	395	395
Non-vested restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potentially dilutive securities outstanding excluded from diluted loss per share	3,312	3,881
Common stock warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Potentially dilutive securities outstanding excluded from diluted loss per share	61	75

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Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total	$ 2,033	$ 2,203	$ 3,838	$ 4,455
Cost of Revenues
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total	36	34	72	60
Sales and Marketing
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total	713	1,049	1,356	2,183
General and Administrative
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total	1,115	1,002	2,082	2,011
Research and Development
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total	$ 169	$ 118	$ 328	$ 201

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Share-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) installment shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 shares
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expenses		$ 2,033	$ 2,203	$ 3,838	$ 4,455
Stock options
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expenses		100	100	300	300
Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options		300		$ 300
Non-vested awards not yet recognized weighted-average period for recognition				1 year
Restricted Stock Units and PRSUs
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expenses		1,900	$ 2,000	$ 3,600	$ 4,100
Non-vested awards not yet recognized weighted-average period for recognition				2 years
Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock		$ 12,000		$ 12,000
Fair value of restricted stock vested				$ 8,000
2018 Plan
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Annual percentage increase in number of shares authorized for issuance				4.00%
Vesting terms of stock options				stock options vest 25% upon the first anniversary of the date of grant and the remainder ratably monthly thereafter for 36 months. Restricted stock units generally vest ratably in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date.
Number of vesting installments | installment				3
Shares available for future issuance | shares		0.6		0.6
2018 Plan | PRSUs | Common Stock
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average price, number of days trailing				30 days
2018 Plan | First Anniversary of Date of Grant
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting percentage of stock options				25.00%
2018 Plan | Maximum
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance | shares		1.4		1.4
Maximum contractual term of stock options				10 years
2020 Plan
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of additional shares authorized for issuance | shares	0.5
Shares available for future issuance | shares		0.3		0.3
2020 Plan | Maximum
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance | shares						0.4

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Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details) - Stock options - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Shares under Option, Outstanding, Beginning balance	1,301
Number of Shares under Option, Forfeited	(24)
Number of Shares under Option, Outstanding, Ending balance	1,277
Number of Shares under Option, Exercisable	996
Number of Shares under Option, Vested and expected to vest	1,277
Weighted-average Exercise Price per Option, Outstanding, Beginning balance	$ 4.07
Weighted-average Exercise Price per Option, Forfeited	13.15
Weighted-average Exercise Price per Option, Outstanding, Ending balance	3.90
Weighted-average Exercise Price per Option, Exercisable	4.41
Weighted-average Exercise Price per Option, Vested and expected to vest	$ 3.90
Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life, Outstanding	6 years 6 months
Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life, Exercisable	6 years 4 months 24 days
Weighted-average Remaining Contractual Life, Vested and expected to vest	6 years 6 months
Aggregate average Intrinsic Value, Outstanding	$ 161
Aggregate average Intrinsic Value, Exercisable	115
Aggregate average Intrinsic Value, Vested and expected to vest	$ 161

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Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Restricted Stock Units and PRSUs Activity (Details) shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 $ / shares shares
Restricted stock units
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-vested, Beginning balance | shares	3,506
Granted | shares	1,543
Vested | shares	(1,545)
Forfeited | shares	(192)
Non-vested, Ending balance | shares	3,312
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Non-vested, Beginning balance | $ / shares	$ 4.29
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares	4.91
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares	4.43
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Forfeited | $ / shares	5.00
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Non-vested, Ending balance | $ / shares	$ 4.48
PRSUs
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-vested, Beginning balance | shares	395
Non-vested, Ending balance | shares	395
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Non-vested, Beginning balance | $ / shares	$ 6.77
Weighted-average Grant-date Fair Value, Non-vested, Ending balance | $ / shares	$ 6.77

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Segment Information - Additional Information (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 segment
Segments Geographical Areas [Abstract]
Number of operating business segment	1

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Government Assistance (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Employee Retention Credit
Government Assistance [Line Items]
Government assistance amount recognized in income statement	$ 2.9