Commitments and contingencies	3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and contingencies	Note 10. Commitments and contingencies Litigation From time to time, the Company is subject to various claims and legal proceedings, either asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues for legal contingencies if the Company can estimate the potential liability and if the Company believes it is probable that the case will be ruled against it. If a legal claim for which the Company did not accrue is resolved against it, the Company would record the expense in the period in which the ruling was made. The Company believes that the likelihood of an ultimate amount of liability, if any, for any pending claims of any type (alone or combined) that will materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows is remote. The ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain, however, and unfavorable outcomes could have a material negative impact on the Company’s financial condition and operating results. Regardless of outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of defense costs, negative publicity, diversion of management resources and other factors. On January 5, 2010, Finisar Corporation, or Finisar, filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against Source Photonics, Inc., MRV Communications, Inc., Oplink Communications, Inc. and the Company, or collectively, the co-defendants. In the complaint Finisar alleged infringement of certain of its U.S. patents. In 2010 the Company filed an answer to the complaint and counterclaims, asserting two claims of patent infringement and additional claims. The court dismissed without prejudice all co-defendants (including the Company) except Source Photonics, Inc., on grounds that such claims should have been asserted in four separate lawsuits, one against each defendant. This dismissal does not prevent Finisar from bringing a new similar lawsuit against the Company. In 2011 the Company and Finisar agreed to suspend their respective claims and in 2012 the Company and Finisar further agreed to toll their respective claims. While there has been no action on this matter since 2012, the Company is currently unable to predict the outcome of this dispute and therefore cannot determine the likelihood of loss nor estimate a range of possible loss. On January 2, 2013, the Company was served with a lawsuit, filed in Belgium by a distributor called Laser 2000 Beneluo SA (“Laser 2000”) claiming unpaid commissions. The distributor agreement was formally terminated as of January 3, 2012. The Company paid $492,000 to Laser 2000 as partial settlement of claims and to avoid penalties from the Court and submitted a legal brief to court on September 16, 2013. Laser 2000 filed a response on December 16, 2013 and the Company filed the final rebuttal brief on January 30, 2014. On March 23, 2015, the Belgian Court issued a ruling awarding Laser 2000 approximately one million euros in damages (approximately $1,100,000 at current exchange rates). The Company was served with the judgment on September 28, 2015. The Company is appealing this verdict, but is unable to predict the duration or outcome of the appeal or the overall lawsuit at this time. The Company does not believe it will ultimately be liable for the full amount of damage; however, in light of developments in the case, the Company increased its accrual for estimated probable net litigation expense relating to this matter in March 2015. There was no change in such accrual subsequent to March 2015. Indemnifications In the normal course of business, the Company enters into agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnification. The Company’s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future, but have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend any action related to its indemnification obligations. However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of these indemnification obligations. As of March 31, 2016, the Company did not have any material indemnification claims that were probable or reasonably possible. Leases The Company leases various facilities under non-cancelable operating leases expiring through 2023. As of March 31, 2016, future minimum payments under these operating leases totaled $5.0 million and future minimum sublease receipts was approximately $1.3 million. Rent expense was $0.6 million and $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Penalty Payment Derivative In connection with a private placement transaction with Joint Stock Company “Rusnano” (formerly Open Joint Stock Company “RUSNANO” ), or Rusnano, or in 2012, the Company agreed to certain performance obligations including establishing a wholly-owned subsidiary in Russia and making a $30.0 million investment commitment (the ‘Investment Commitment’) towards the Company’s Russian operations, which could be partially satisfied by cash and/or non-cash investment inside or outside of Russia and/or by way of non-cash asset transfers. In March 2015, the Company extended the Investment Commitment deadline to June 30, 2015 and then further amended the Investment Commitment in July 2015. The latter amendment (the “Rights Agreement”) became effective on June 30, 2015 and provides that the maximum amount of penalties (the ‘Penalty Payment’) to be paid by the Company will not exceed $5.0 million in the aggregate. In addition, the amendment also provides for an updated investment plan for the Company’s Russian subsidiaries that includes non-cash transfer of licensing rights to intellectual property, non-cash transfers of existing equipment and commitments to complete the remaining investment milestones through fiscal year 2019. The Company fulfilled its investment commitment required by 2015 and had contributed over $15.4 million in cash and assets to its subsidiaries in Russia as of December 31, 2015. Although the Company met its investment commitment for 2015, certain required equipment was delivered but not fully installed and operational as of the required date to fulfill certain manufacturing milestones under the Rights Agreement. The Company is in the process of remediating these issues and believes it will be able to reach an agreement with Rusnano to address this matter. Therefore, as of each of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016, the Company believes it is not probable that it will be held liable for the $5.0 million penalty. In the event the Company’s cumulative investment and spending contributed to its subsidiaries in Russia is less than $18.8 million by December 31, 2016, the Company will be subject to a $1.5 million penalty within 30 days after the end of a 90-day cure period. If certain of the Investment Commitments are not achieved in the indicated time frames in 2016 and 2019, the Company also has the ability to cease the operations of its Russian subsidiaries by paying exit fees of $3.5 million or $2.0 million at the end of 2016 or 2019, respectively. The purchaser of the common stock has non-transferable veto rights over the Company’s Russian subsidiaries’ annual budget during the investment period and must approve non-cash asset transfers to be made in satisfaction of the Investment Commitment. Spending and/or commitments to spend for general working capital and research and development do not require approval by the purchaser. There are no legal restrictions on the specific usage of the $39.8 million received in the private placement transaction or on withdrawal from the Company’s bank accounts for use in general corporate purposes. The Company accounted for the $5.0 million Penalty Payment as an embedded derivative instrument, with the underlying being the performance or nonperformance of meeting the Investment Commitment and initially classified $4.9 million of the $5.0 million as additional paid-in capital and the remaining $0.1 million, representing the estimated fair value of the Penalty Payment derivative, in other noncurrent liabilities. The fair value of the Penalty Payment derivative has been estimated at the date of the original common stock sale (April 27, 2012) and at each subsequent balance sheet date using a probability-weighted discounted future cash flow approach using unobservable inputs, which are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. The primary inputs for this approach include the probability of achieving the Investment Commitment and a discount rate that approximates the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. After the initial measurement, changes in the fair value of this derivative were recorded in other expense, net. The estimated fair value of this derivative, after taking into consideration the non-compliance regarding the manufacturing milestone, was $0.4 million as of each of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and reported within accrued and other current liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Separately, in December 2014, the Company entered into a Commitment to File a Registration Statement and Related Waiver of Registration Rights, whereby Rusnano waived certain registration rights in connection with a potential offering by the Company of shares of the Company’s common stock, and the Company committed to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission a resale registration statement on Form S-1 covering the resale of all shares of the Company’s common stock held by Rusnano. The Company filed such resale registration statement in April 2015 (See Note 11). Rusnano also waived its demand registration rights under the original rights agreement and agreed to enter into a lock up agreement with the Company whereby it would agree not to sell any shares of the Company’s common stock, or engage in certain other transactions relating to the Company’s securities, for a period of 60 days from the filing date of the resale registration statement. Rusnano signed such lock up agreement with the Company on April 2, 2015. In addition, in connection with the Company’s public stock offering completed in the second quarter of 2015, Rusnano entered into a separate lock up agreement with Needham & Company, LLC, the lead underwriter of the offering, whereby it agreed not to sell any shares of the Company’s common stock, or engage in certain other transactions relating to the Company’s securities, for a period of 180 days from May 21, 2015. Such lock up agreement expired in November 2015.

Note 10. Commitments and contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is subject to various claims and legal proceedings, either asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues for legal contingencies if the Company can estimate the potential liability and if the Company believes it is probable that the case will be ruled against it. If a legal claim for which the Company did not accrue is resolved against it, the Company would record the expense in the period in which the ruling was made. The Company believes that the likelihood of an ultimate amount of liability, if any, for any pending claims of any type (alone or combined) that will materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows is remote. The ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain, however, and unfavorable outcomes could have a material negative impact on the Company’s financial condition and operating results. Regardless of outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of defense costs, negative publicity, diversion of management resources and other factors.

On January 5, 2010, Finisar Corporation, or Finisar, filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against Source Photonics, Inc., MRV Communications, Inc., Oplink Communications, Inc. and the Company, or collectively, the co-defendants. In the complaint Finisar alleged infringement of certain of its U.S. patents. In 2010 the Company filed an answer to the complaint and counterclaims, asserting two claims of patent infringement and additional claims. The court dismissed without prejudice all co-defendants (including the Company) except Source Photonics, Inc., on grounds that such claims should have been asserted in four separate lawsuits, one against each defendant. This dismissal does not prevent Finisar from bringing a new similar lawsuit against the Company. In 2011 the Company and Finisar agreed to suspend their respective claims and in 2012 the Company and Finisar further agreed to toll their respective claims. While there has been no action on this matter since 2012, the Company is currently unable to predict the outcome of this dispute and therefore cannot determine the likelihood of loss nor estimate a range of possible loss.

On January 2, 2013, the Company was served with a lawsuit, filed in Belgium by a distributor called Laser 2000 Beneluo SA (“Laser 2000”) claiming unpaid commissions. The distributor agreement was formally terminated as of January 3, 2012. The Company paid $492,000 to Laser 2000 as partial settlement of claims and to avoid penalties from the Court and submitted a legal brief to court on September 16, 2013. Laser 2000 filed a response on December 16, 2013 and the Company filed the final rebuttal brief on January 30, 2014. On March 23, 2015, the Belgian Court issued a ruling awarding Laser 2000 approximately one million euros in damages (approximately $1,100,000 at current exchange rates). The Company was served with the judgment on September 28, 2015. The Company is appealing this verdict, but is unable to predict the duration or outcome of the appeal or the overall lawsuit at this time. The Company does not believe it will ultimately be liable for the full amount of damage; however, in light of developments in the case, the Company increased its accrual for estimated probable net litigation expense relating to this matter in March 2015. There was no change in such accrual subsequent to March 2015.

Indemnifications

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnification. The Company’s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future, but have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend any action related to its indemnification obligations. However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of these indemnification obligations. As of March 31, 2016, the Company did not have any material indemnification claims that were probable or reasonably possible.

Leases

The Company leases various facilities under non-cancelable operating leases expiring through 2023. As of March 31, 2016, future minimum payments under these operating leases totaled $5.0 million and future minimum sublease receipts was approximately $1.3 million. Rent expense was $0.6 million and $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Penalty Payment Derivative

In connection with a private placement transaction with Joint Stock Company “Rusnano” (formerly Open Joint Stock Company “RUSNANO” ), or Rusnano, or in 2012, the Company agreed to certain performance obligations including establishing a wholly-owned subsidiary in Russia and making a $30.0 million investment commitment (the ‘Investment Commitment’) towards the Company’s Russian operations, which could be partially satisfied by cash and/or non-cash investment inside or outside of Russia and/or by way of non-cash asset transfers.

In March 2015, the Company extended the Investment Commitment deadline to June 30, 2015 and then further amended the Investment Commitment in July 2015. The latter amendment (the “Rights Agreement”) became effective on June 30, 2015 and provides that the maximum amount of penalties (the ‘Penalty Payment’) to be paid by the Company will not exceed $5.0 million in the aggregate. In addition, the amendment also provides for an updated investment plan for the Company’s Russian subsidiaries that includes non-cash transfer of licensing rights to intellectual property, non-cash transfers of existing equipment and commitments to complete the remaining investment milestones through fiscal year 2019. The Company fulfilled its investment commitment required by 2015 and had contributed over $15.4 million in cash and assets to its subsidiaries in Russia as of December 31, 2015. Although the Company met its investment commitment for 2015, certain required equipment was delivered but not fully installed and operational as of the required date to fulfill certain manufacturing milestones under the Rights Agreement. The Company is in the process of remediating these issues and believes it will be able to reach an agreement with Rusnano to address this matter. Therefore, as of each of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016, the Company believes it is not probable that it will be held liable for the $5.0 million penalty.

In the event the Company’s cumulative investment and spending contributed to its subsidiaries in Russia is less than $18.8 million by December 31, 2016, the Company will be subject to a $1.5 million penalty within 30 days after the end of a 90-day cure period. If certain of the Investment Commitments are not achieved in the indicated time frames in 2016 and 2019, the Company also has the ability to cease the operations of its Russian subsidiaries by paying exit fees of $3.5 million or $2.0 million at the end of 2016 or 2019, respectively.

The purchaser of the common stock has non-transferable veto rights over the Company’s Russian subsidiaries’ annual budget during the investment period and must approve non-cash asset transfers to be made in satisfaction of the Investment Commitment. Spending and/or commitments to spend for general working capital and research and development do not require approval by the purchaser. There are no legal restrictions on the specific usage of the $39.8 million received in the private placement transaction or on withdrawal from the Company’s bank accounts for use in general corporate purposes.

The Company accounted for the $5.0 million Penalty Payment as an embedded derivative instrument, with the underlying being the performance or nonperformance of meeting the Investment Commitment and initially classified $4.9 million of the $5.0 million as additional paid-in capital and the remaining $0.1 million, representing the estimated fair value of the Penalty Payment derivative, in other noncurrent liabilities.

The fair value of the Penalty Payment derivative has been estimated at the date of the original common stock sale (April 27, 2012) and at each subsequent balance sheet date using a probability-weighted discounted future cash flow approach using unobservable inputs, which are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. The primary inputs for this approach include the probability of achieving the Investment Commitment and a discount rate that approximates the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. After the initial measurement, changes in the fair value of this derivative were recorded in other expense, net. The estimated fair value of this derivative, after taking into consideration the non-compliance regarding the manufacturing milestone, was $0.4 million as of each of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and reported within accrued and other current liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Separately, in December 2014, the Company entered into a Commitment to File a Registration Statement and Related Waiver of Registration Rights, whereby Rusnano waived certain registration rights in connection with a potential offering by the Company of shares of the Company’s common stock, and the Company committed to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission a resale registration statement on Form S-1 covering the resale of all shares of the Company’s common stock held by Rusnano. The Company filed such resale registration statement in April 2015 (See Note 11). Rusnano also waived its demand registration rights under the original rights agreement and agreed to enter into a lock up agreement with the Company whereby it would agree not to sell any shares of the Company’s common stock, or engage in certain other transactions relating to the Company’s securities, for a period of 60 days from the filing date of the resale registration statement. Rusnano signed such lock up agreement with the Company on April 2, 2015. In addition, in connection with the Company’s public stock offering completed in the second quarter of 2015, Rusnano entered into a separate lock up agreement with Needham & Company, LLC, the lead underwriter of the offering, whereby it agreed not to sell any shares of the Company’s common stock, or engage in certain other transactions relating to the Company’s securities, for a period of 180 days from May 21, 2015. Such lock up agreement expired in November 2015.