UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
ý	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

or

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from______________to __________

Commission file number 1-7928

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	94-1381833
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1000 Alfred Nobel Drive, Hercules, California	94547
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(510) 724-7000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

No Change

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes    x      No     o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232,405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes    x      No     o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	x		Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	o	(Do not check if smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	o
			Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes    o      No     x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Title of Class	Shares Outstanding at May 1, 2018
Class A Common Stock, Par Value $0.0001 per share	24,701,407
Class B Common Stock, Par Value $0.0001 per share	5,103,283

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC.

FORM 10-Q MARCH 31, 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I – Financial Information	4
Item 1. Financial Statements	4
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	34
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	35
Part II – Other Information	36
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A. Risk Factors	36
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	50
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	50
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	50
Item 5. Other Information	50
Item 6. Exhibits	51
Signatures	52

2

INFORMATION RELATING TO FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Other than statements of historical fact, statements made in this report include forward-looking statements, such as statements with respect to our future financial performance, operating results, plans and objectives that involve risk and uncertainties.  Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “may,” “will,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms or expressions.  Such statements involve risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to vary materially from those expressed in or indicated by the forward-looking statements.  We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events.  However, actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated depending on a variety of risk factors including, but not limited to, those identified under “Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We caution you not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect an analysis only and speak only as of the date hereof.  We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

3

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share data)

	March 31, 2018			December 31, 2017
ASSETS:	(Unaudited)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	407,272		$	383,824
Short-term investments	355,661			371,154
Restricted investments	5,560			5,560
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $28,443 million at 2018 and $25,549 at 2017	430,361			464,847
Inventories:
Raw materials	115,135			113,925
Work in process	142,935			142,589
Finished goods	354,147			338,290
Total inventories	612,217			594,804
Other current assets	166,045			156,460
Total current assets	1,977,116			1,976,649
Property, plant and equipment, at cost	1,320,930			1,305,150
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(821,222		)	(811,654		)
Property, plant and equipment, net	499,708			493,496
Goodwill, net	510,359			506,069
Purchased intangibles, net	168,212			174,113
Other investments	2,981,768			1,027,736
Other assets	77,749			94,949
Total assets	$	6,214,912		$	4,273,012
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Accounts payable, accrued payroll and employee benefits	$	259,365		$	306,814
Current maturities of long-term debt and notes payable	369			420
Income and other taxes payable	42,377			39,941
Other current liabilities	154,087			155,521
Total current liabilities	456,198			502,696
Long-term debt, net of current maturities	434,678			434,581
Deferred income taxes	644,957			222,209
Other long-term liabilities	190,988			183,276
Total liabilities	1,726,821			1,342,762
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, shares issued 24,701,515 and 24,679,127 at 2018 and 2017, respectively; shares outstanding 24,700,933 and 24,678,545 at 2018 and 2017, respectively	2			2
Class B common stock, shares issued 5,104,674 and 5,107,674 at 2018 and 2017, respectively; shares outstanding 5,103,757 and 5,106,757 at 2018 and 2017, respectively	1			1
Additional paid-in capital	370,988			361,231
Class A treasury stock at cost, 582 shares at 2018 and 2017	(128		)	(128		)
Class B treasury stock at cost, 917 shares at 2018 and 2017	(89		)	(89		)
Retained earnings	4,013,232			1,830,439
Accumulated other comprehensive income	104,085			738,794
Total stockholders’ equity	4,488,091			2,930,250
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	6,214,912		$	4,273,012

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 

4

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018			2017
Net sales	$	551,519		$	500,051
Cost of goods sold	249,316			229,988
Gross profit	302,203			270,063
Selling, general and administrative expense	209,130			194,402
Research and development expense	49,427			49,452
Income from operations	43,646			26,209
Interest expense	5,782			5,316
Foreign currency exchange losses, net	1,254			1,789
Change in fair market value of equity securities	(815,934		)	—
Other (income) expense, net	(11,145		)	(1,043		)
Income before income taxes	863,689			20,147
Provision for income taxes	(206,915		)	(7,734		)
Net income	$	656,774		$	12,413
Basic earnings per share:
Net income per basic share	$	22.05		$	0.42
Weighted average common shares - basic	29,787			29,580
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income per diluted share	$	21.77		$	0.41
Weighted average common shares - diluted	30,171			29,911

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 

5

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018			2017
Net income	$	656,774		$	12,413
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	46,547			18,843
Foreign other post-employment benefits adjustments, net of income taxes	(283		)	(115		)
Net holding (loss) gain on equity securities and net unrealized holding (loss) gain on available-for-sale (AFS) investments, net of income taxes	(1,716		)	80,149
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	44,548			98,877
Comprehensive (loss) income	$	701,322		$	111,290

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands, unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Cash received from customers	$	589,869		$	508,982
Cash paid to suppliers and employees	(543,700		)	(550,289		)
Interest (paid) received, net	(378		)	54
Income tax payments, net	(3,245		)	(8,804		)
Investment proceeds and miscellaneous receipts, net	2,158			1,283
Payments for forward foreign exchange contracts, net	(4,358		)	(7,429		)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	40,346			(56,203		)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(27,184		)	(39,332		)
Proceeds from dispositions of property, plant and equipment	18			15
Proceeds from divestiture of a product line	6,919			—
Payments for acquisitions and long-term investments	—			(73,541		)
Payments for purchases of intangible assets	(3		)	—
Payments for purchases of marketable securities and investments	(61,443		)	(68,305		)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities and investments	17,391			20,201
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities and investments	45,486			50,570
Net cash used in investing activities	(18,816		)	(110,392		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net payments on line-of-credit arrangements and notes payable	—			(36		)
Payments on long-term borrowings	(87		)	(76		)
Payments of contingent consideration	(1,270		)	(3,105		)
Proceeds from issuances of common stock	3,872			3,890
Net cash provided by financing activities	2,515			673
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash	(1,383		)	1,338
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	22,662			(164,584		)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	384,983			457,171
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	407,645		$	292,587

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that agrees to the same amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

	March 31, 2018		March 31, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	407,272	$	291,663
Restricted cash included in Other current assets	90		505
Restricted cash included in Other assets	283		419
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	$	407,645	$	292,587

These restricted cash items are primarily related to performance guarantees for various subsidiaries.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

BIO-RAD LABORATORIES, INC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND USE OF ESTIMATES

Basis of Presentation

In this report, “Bio-Rad,” “we,” “us,” “the Company” and “our” refer to Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Bio-Rad have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly state the results of the interim periods presented.  All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year.  The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the notes to the consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

We evaluate subsequent events and the evidence they provide about conditions existing at the date of the balance sheet as well as conditions that arose after the balance sheet date but through the date the financial statements are issued.  The effects of conditions that existed at the balance sheet date are recognized in the financial statements. Events and conditions arising after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued are evaluated to determine if disclosure is required to keep the financial statements from being misleading.  To the extent such events and conditions exist, disclosures are made regarding the nature of events and the estimated financial effects of those events and conditions.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingencies at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Bio-Rad bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other market-specific and other relevant assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018.  Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under prior revenue guidance ASC 605, "Revenue Recognition."

We recorded a net reduction to opening retained earnings of $0.1 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606 with the impact primarily related to a small customer loyalty program in the United States for which the resulting non-cash consideration is treated as variable consideration under the new revenue recognition accounting standard. The impact to revenue as a result of applying ASC 606 as compared to ASC 605 for the three months ended March 31, 3018 was not significant.

The Company recognizes revenue from operations through the sale of products, services, and rental of instruments. Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products or

8

services. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of products and services, which are generally accounted for as distinct performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers (sales tax, value added tax, etc.), which are subsequently remitted to government authorities.

Our contracts from customers often include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment and may or may not impact the timing of revenue recognition. Revenue associated with equipment that requires factory installation is not recorded until installation is complete and customer acceptance, if required, has occurred. Certain equipment requires installation due to the fact that the instruments are being operated in a clinical/laboratory environment, and the installation services could result in modification of the equipment in order to ensure that the instruments are working according to specifications of the customer which are subject to validation tests upon completion of the installation. Accordingly, in these cases, the delivery of the equipment and the installation are separate performance obligations. However, the Company will recognize the transaction price allocated to the equipment only upon customer acceptance, as the transfer of control has occurred in relation to the equipment at that point in time as the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The transaction price allocated to the installation services is also recognized upon completion of the services because without the completion of the installation services and related customer acceptance the customer cannot receive any of the benefits of the service.

At the time revenue is recognized, a provision is recognized for estimated product returns as this right is considered variable consideration. Accordingly, when product revenues are recognized, the transaction price is reduced to the estimated amount that we expect to receive in exchange for transferring control for those products.

Service revenues on extended warranty contracts are recognized ratably over the life of the service agreement as a stand-ready performance obligation.

In those instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, we have determined that our contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of our invoicing terms is to provide customers with simple and predictable methods of purchasing our products and services, not to either provide or receive financing to or from our customers. We record contract liabilities when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance.

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and for contracts in which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. Our payment terms vary by the type and location of our customer, and the products and services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.

Reagent Rental Agreements

Reagent rental agreements are a diagnostic industry sales method that provides use of an instrument and consumables (reagents) to a customer on a per test basis. These agreements may also include maintenance of the underlying instruments retained at customer locations as well as initial training. The Company has concluded that the use of the instrument and related maintenance services (collectively known as “lease elements”) are not within the guidance of ASC 606 but rather ASC 840 Leases. Accordingly, the Company first allocates the transaction price between the lease elements and the non-lease elements based on relative standalone selling prices. The determination of the transaction price requires judgment and requires consideration of any fixed/minimum payments as well as estimates of variable consideration. After determining what portion of the transaction price should be allocated to the lease elements, any fixed consideration would be considered the minimum lease payment to be amortized straight line over the lease term and any variable consideration would be contingent rent to be recognized monthly as earned.

For the portion of the transaction price allocated to the non-lease elements, which are principally the reagents, the related revenue will be recognized at a point in time when control transfers. Generally, the terms of the

9

arrangements result in the transfer of control upon either (i) when the consumables are delivered or (ii) when the consumables are consumed by the customer.

Revenue allocated to the lease elements are less than 5% of total revenue and are included as part of the Net sales in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

Contract costs:

We apply a practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs, recorded within Selling, general and administrative expense, include our internal sales force compensation programs and certain partner sales incentive programs, as we have determined that annual compensation is commensurate with annual selling activities.

Disaggregation of Revenue:

The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by geographic region based primarily on the location of the use of the product or service (in millions, unaudited):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018		2017
Europe	$	199.6	$	185.1
Pacific Rim	109.4		94.8
United States	209.9		187.3
Other (primarily Canada and Latin America)	32.6		32.9
Total Net sales	$	551.5	$	500.1

The disaggregation of our revenue by industry segment (Group) sources is presented in our Segment Information footnote (see Note 10).

Deferred revenues represent mostly unrecognized fees billed or collected for extended service arrangements. Deferred revenues are recognized as (or when) the Company performs under the contract which is generally over time during the term of the service contract. A majority of our deferred revenue balance is classified as current with an expected length of one year or less. The increase in our total deferred revenue balance from $36.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $38.2 million at March 31, 2018 is primarily driven by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations, offset by $15.0 million of revenue recognized that were included in our deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2017.

We warrant certain equipment against defects in design, materials and workmanship, generally for a period of one year.  Upon delivery of that equipment, we establish, as part of Cost of goods sold, a provision for the expected costs of such warranty based on historical experience, specific warranty terms and customer feedback.  A review is performed on a quarterly basis to assess the adequacy of our warranty accrual.

Components of the warranty accrual, included in Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, were as follows (in millions):

January 1, 2018	$	18.7
Provision for warranty	6.6
Actual warranty costs	(8.4		)
March 31, 2018	$	16.9

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted

In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. ("ASU") 2018-03, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." ASU 2018-03 amends certain items in ASU 2016-01 (see below) such as equity securities without a readily determinable fair value. ASU 2018-03 clarifies that an entity that uses the measurement alternative for equity securities without readily determinable fair values can change its measurement approach to fair value and once made the election is irrevocable. If an entity measures equity securities without readily determinable fair values at fair value, it must record a cumulative-effect adjustment to Retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which the guidance is adopted. We adopted ASU 2018-03 on January 1, 2018 and made an irrevocable election to account for our investment of the ordinary shares of Sartorius AG at fair value (see ASU 2016-01 below).

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." Amendments under ASU 2016-01, among other items, require that all equity investments in unconsolidated entities (other than those accounted for using the equity method of accounting) will generally be measured at fair value through earnings. Changes in fair value for equity securities will no longer be reported in other comprehensive income. For equity investments without readily determinable fair values, the cost method is also eliminated. We adopted ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018 and record equity investments without readily determinable fair values at cost, less impairment, and plus or minus subsequent adjustments for observable price changes and were valued at $0.6 million as of March 31, 2018. Changes in the basis of these equity investments are reported in current earnings. For equity securities that are affected by ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03, see Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, which primarily consists of our investment in Sartorius AG.

The impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 on January 1, 2018 was through a cumulative-effect adjustment of $864.5 million to Total stockholders' equity by increasing Retained earnings of $1,543.7 million and decreasing Accumulated other comprehensive income of $679.2 million, including increasing Deferred income taxes by $232.9 million and an increase in Other investments of $1,097.4 million in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. As a result of ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 during the first quarter of 2018, we recorded $815.9 million for the Change in fair market value of equity securities in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income that resulted in a deferred tax expense of $181.2 million.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost," which changed how we present the net periodic benefit cost of our defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement plans. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on January 1, 2018 and applied the practical expedient to estimate amounts for comparative purposes utilizing the information disclosed in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The interest costs are recorded in Interest expense, and the other costs are recorded in Other (income) expense, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. For the first quarter of 2017 for interest costs and other costs, we reclassified $0.076 million, $0.538 million, and $0.036 million from Costs of goods sold (COGS), Selling, general and administrative expense (SG&A) and Research and development expense (R&D), respectively, to Interest expense of $0.275 million and Other (income) expense, net of $0.375 million.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, "Restricted Cash," which required us to cease to present transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018 and updated the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows to incorporate restricted cash included in Other current assets and Other assets of $0.4 million as of March 31, 2018 and $0.9 million as of March 31, 2017.

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In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, "Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory," which required immediate recognition of income tax consequences of intercompany asset transfers, other than inventory transfers.  We adopted ASU 2016-16 on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment by decreasing Retained earnings by $17.6 million, and decreasing Prepaid taxes by $22.8 million and increasing Deferred tax assets by $5.2 million that are both recorded in Other assets in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

In August 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" and adopted it on January 1, 2018, which did not have an impact to our statement of cash flows presentation.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), an updated standard on revenue recognition. The new standard provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported under the principle that revenue should be recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for the transfer of promised goods or services. We adopted ASC 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the cumulative effect transition method as more fully described above under the caption “Revenue Recognition.”

Recent Accounting Pronouncements to be Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." ASU 2016-13 will replace the current incurred loss approach with an expected loss model for instruments measured at amortized cost and require entities to record allowances for available-for-sale debt securities rather than reduce the carrying amount under the current other-than-temporary impairment model. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. We are currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-13 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases," which will require, among other items, lease accounting to recognize most leases as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. Qualitative and quantitative disclosures will be enhanced to better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2016-02 will be adopted on a modified retrospective basis, with elective reliefs, which requires application of ASU 2016-02 for all periods presented. We are currently gathering, documenting and analyzing lease agreements related to this ASU and anticipate material additions to the balance sheet for right-of-use assets, offset by the associated liabilities.

2.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

We determine the fair value of an asset or liability based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  The identification of market participant assumptions provides a basis for determining what inputs are to be used for pricing each asset or liability.  A fair value hierarchy has been established which gives precedence to fair value measurements calculated using observable inputs over those using unobservable inputs. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows:

• Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments

• Level 2: Other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments)

• Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs (including assumptions in determining the fair value of certain investments)

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Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2018 are classified in the hierarchy as follows (in millions):

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial Assets Carried at Fair Value:
Cash equivalents:
Commercial paper	$	—	$	53.9	$	—	$	53.9
Time deposits	36.2		10.0		—		46.2
Money market funds	6.0		—		—		6.0
Asset-backed securities	—		0.3		—		0.3
U.S. government sponsored agencies	—		4.2		—		4.2
Municipal obligations	—		0.2		—		0.2
Total cash equivalents (a)	42.2		68.6		—		110.8
Restricted investment	5.6		—		—		5.6
Equity securities (b)	3,005.0		—		—		3,005.0
Available-for-sale investments:
Corporate debt securities	—		172.9		—		172.9
U.S. government sponsored agencies	—		65.2		—		65.2
Foreign government obligations	—		3.8		—		3.8
Municipal obligations	—		15.2		—		15.2
Asset-backed securities	—		55.2		—		55.2
Total available-for-sale investments (c)	—		312.3		—		312.3
Forward foreign exchange contracts (d)	—		1.3		—		1.3
Total financial assets carried at fair value	$	3,052.8	$	382.2	$	—	$	3,435.0
Financial Liabilities Carried at Fair Value:
Forward foreign exchange contracts (e)	$	—	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.0
Contingent consideration (f)	—		—		13.3		13.3
Total financial liabilities carried at fair value	$	—	$	1.0	$	13.3	$	14.3

As of first quarter 2018, our equity securities are no longer reported as Available-for-sale investments due to the implementation of ASU 2016-01. Changes in fair value of equity securities are now reported on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income rather than Other Comprehensive Income (see Note 1).

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Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 are classified in the hierarchy as follows (in millions):

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial Assets Carried at Fair Value:
Cash equivalents:
Commercial paper	$	—	$	36.0	$	—	$	36.0
Time deposits	43.7		10.0		—		53.7
U.S. government sponsored agencies	—		11.2		—		11.2
Money market funds	3.4		—		—		3.4
Total cash equivalents (a)	47.1		57.2		—		104.3
Restricted investment	5.6		—		—		5.6
Available-for-sale investments:
Corporate debt securities	—		185.7		—		185.7
U.S. government sponsored agencies	—		67.6		—		67.6
Foreign government obligations	—		3.4		—		3.4
Brokered certificates of deposit	—		0.7		—		0.7
Municipal obligations	—		15.0		—		15.0
Marketable equity securities	973.4		—		—		973.4
Asset-backed securities	—		55.6		—		55.6
Total available-for-sale investments (c)	973.4		328.0		—		1,301.4
Forward foreign exchange contracts (d)	—		0.5		—		0.5
Total financial assets carried at fair value	$	1,026.1	$	385.7	$	—	$	1,411.8
Financial Liabilities Carried at Fair Value:
Forward foreign exchange contracts (e)	$	—	$	1.6	$	—	$	1.6
Contingent consideration (f)	—		—		16.7		16.7
Total financial liabilities carried at fair value	$	—	$	1.6	$	16.7	$	18.3

(a) Cash equivalents are included in Cash and cash equivalents in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(b) Equity securities are included in the following accounts in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):

	March 31, 2018
Short-term investments	$	43.5
Other investments	2,961.5
Total	$	3,005.0

The unrealized gains on our equity securities still held as of March 31, 2018 are $815.9 million and are primarily due to our investment in Sartorius AG and is recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income due to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 (see Note 1).

(c)Available-for-sale investments are included in the following accounts in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):

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	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Short-term investments	$	312.1	$	371.2
Other investments	0.2		930.2
Total	$	312.3	$	1,301.4

In accordance with our adoption of ASU 2016-01 January 1, 2018, our investment in Sartorius AG preferred shares, which was reported as Available-for-sale as of December 31, 2017, is now reported as an Equity security as of March 31, 2018 (see Note 1 and footnote (b) above).

(d) Forward foreign exchange contracts in an asset position are included in Other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(e) Forward foreign exchange contracts in a liability position are included in Other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(f) Contingent consideration liability is included in the following accounts in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions):

	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Other current liabilities	$	3.2	$	2.7
Other long-term liabilities	10.1		14.0
Total	$	13.3	$	16.7

During the first quarter of 2016, we recognized a contingent consideration liability upon our acquisition of a high performance analytical flow cytometer platform from Propel. At the acquisition date, the amount of contingent consideration was determined based on a probability-weighted income approach related to the achievement of sales milestones, ranging from 39% to 20% for the calendar years 2018 through 2020. The sales milestones could potentially range from $0 to an unlimited amount. The current contingent consideration is built on a sales forecast of $66.8 million through December 31, 2020. In the first quarter of 2018, we paid $1.3 million upon reaching the second milestone and since 2016 we have decreased the valuation of the sales milestones by $8.2 million. The contingent consideration was accrued at its estimated fair value of $13.3 million as of March 31, 2018.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Level 3 analytical flow cytometer platform contingent consideration liabilities measured at estimated fair value (in millions):

January 1, 2018	$	16.7
Analytical flow cytometer platform:
Payment of sales milestone	(1.3		)
Decrease in estimated fair value of contingent consideration included in Selling, general and administrative expense	(2.1		)
March 31, 2018	$	13.3

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The following table provides quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for fair value measurement of our analytical flow cytometer platform contingent consideration liability as of March 31, 2018. Significant increases or decreases in these inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input
Analytical flow cytometer platform	Probability-weighted income approach	Sales milestones:
		Discount rate	10.8	%
		Cost of debt	4.6	%

To estimate the fair value of Level 2 debt securities as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, our primary pricing provider uses Securities Evaluations as the primary pricing source. Our pricing process allows us to select a hierarchy of pricing sources for securities held. The chosen pricing hierarchy for our Level 2 securities, other than certificates of deposit and commercial paper, is Securities Evaluations as the primary pricing source and then our custodian as the secondary pricing source. If Securities Evaluations does not price a Level 2 security that we hold, then the pricing provider will utilize our custodian supplied pricing.

For commercial paper as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, pricing is determined by a straight-line calculation, starting with the purchase price on the date of purchase and increasing to par at maturity. Interest bearing certificates of deposit and commercial paper are priced at par. In the event that an additional lot of the same commercial paper issue has been purchased within the same account, then the price of all holdings of that issue in that account will be the price of the most recent lot purchased.

Our pricing provider performs daily reasonableness testing of the Securities Evaluations prices. Price changes of 5% or greater are investigated and resolved. In addition, we perform a quarterly testing of the Securities Evaluations prices to custodian reported prices. Price differences outside a tolerable variance of approximately 1% are investigated and resolved.

Available-for-sale investments consist of the following (in millions):

	March 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	174.1	$	0.1	$	(1.3	)	$	172.9
Municipal obligations	15.3		—		(0.1		)	15.2
Asset-backed securities	55.4		—		(0.4		)	55.0
U.S. government sponsored agencies	66.3		—		(1.1		)	65.2
Foreign government obligations	3.8		—		—			3.8
	314.9		0.1		(2.9		)	312.1
Long-term investments:
Asset-backed securities	0.2		—		—			0.2
	0.2		—		—			0.2
Total	$	315.1	$	0.1	$	(2.9	)	$	312.3

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The following is a summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of our debt securities at March 31, 2018 by contractual maturity date (in millions):

	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Mature in less than one year	$	123.1	$	122.9
Mature in one to five years	149.0		147.4
Mature in more than five years	43.0		42.0
Total	$	315.1	$	312.3

Available-for-sale investments consist of the following (in millions):

	December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	185.9	$	0.3	$	(0.5	)	$	185.7
Brokered certificates of deposit	0.7		—		—			0.7
Municipal obligations	15.1		—		(0.1		)	15.0
Asset-backed securities	55.6		—		(0.2		)	55.4
U.S. government sponsored agencies	68.3		—		(0.7		)	67.6
Foreign government obligations	3.4		—		—			3.4
Marketable equity securities	34.4		9.0		—			43.4
	363.4		9.3		(1.5		)	371.2
Long-term investments:
Marketable equity securities	54.5		875.5		—			930.0
Asset-backed securities	0.2		—		—			0.2
	54.7		875.5		—			930.2
Total	$	418.1	$	884.8	$	(1.5	)	$	1,301.4

The following is a summary of investments with gross unrealized losses and the associated fair value (in millions):

	March 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
Fair value of investments in a loss position 12 months or more	$	42.6	$	43.9
Fair value of investments in a loss position less than 12 months	$	193.7	$	168.7
Gross unrealized losses for investments in a loss position 12 months or more	$	0.9	$	0.7
Gross unrealized losses for investments in a loss position less than 12 months	$	2.1	$	0.8

The unrealized losses on these securities are due to a number of factors, including changes in interest rates, changes in economic conditions and changes in market outlook for various industries, among others.  Because Bio-Rad has the ability and intent to hold these investments with unrealized losses until a recovery of fair value, or for a reasonable period of time sufficient for a forecasted recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2018 or at December 31, 2017.

As part of distributing our products, we regularly enter into intercompany transactions.  We enter into forward foreign exchange contracts to manage foreign exchange risk of future movements in foreign exchange rates that

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affect foreign currency denominated intercompany receivables and payables.  We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.  We do not seek hedge accounting treatment for these contracts.  As a result, these contracts, generally with maturity dates of 90 days or less and denominated primarily in currencies of industrial countries, are recorded at their fair value at each balance sheet date.  The notional principal amounts provide one measure of the transaction volume outstanding as of March 31, 2018 and do not represent the amount of Bio-Rad's exposure to loss. The estimated fair value of these contracts was derived using the spot rates from Reuters on the last business day of the quarter and the points provided by counterparties.  The resulting gains or losses offset exchange gains or losses on the related receivables and payables, both of which are included in Foreign currency exchange losses, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following is a summary of our forward foreign exchange contracts (in millions):

	March 31,
	2018
Contracts maturing in April through June 2018 to sell foreign currency:
Notional value	$	37.5
Unrealized loss	$	—
Contracts maturing in April through June 2018 to purchase foreign currency:
Notional value	$	355.3
Unrealized gain	$	0.1

The estimated fair value of financial instruments that are not recognized at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are included in Other investments, are presented in the table below. Fair value has been determined using significant observable inputs, including quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments.  Estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in a current market exchange as considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data used to develop estimates of fair value. The use of different market assumptions or estimation techniques could have a material effect on the estimated fair value.  Other investments include financial instruments, the majority of which have fair value based on similar, actively traded stock adjusted for various discounts, including a discount for marketability.  Long-term debt, excluding leases and current maturities, has an estimated fair value based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues.

The estimated fair value of the financial instruments discussed above and the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is categorized are as follows (in millions):

	March 31, 2018					December 31, 2017
	Carrying  Amount		Estimated  Fair  Value		Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying  Amount		Estimated  Fair  Value		Fair Value Hierarchy Level
Other investments	—		—			$	91.8	$	1,249.4	2
Total long-term debt, excluding leases and current maturities	$	434.7	$	439.9	2	$	423.1	$	449.8	2

We own shares of ordinary voting stock of Sartorius AG (Sartorius), of Goettingen, Germany, a process technology supplier to the biotechnology, pharmaceutical, chemical and food and beverage industries.  We own over 37% of the outstanding voting shares (excluding treasury shares) of Sartorius as of March 31, 2018.  The Sartorius family trust and Sartorius family members hold a controlling interest of the outstanding voting shares. We do not have any representative or designee on Sartorius’ Board of Directors, nor do we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Sartorius.  As of March 31, 2018, due to the adoption of

ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03, we account for this investment at fair market value as determined at period end by a quoted price on an organized exchange (see Note 1).

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3.GOODWILL AND OTHER PURCHASED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Changes to goodwill by segment were as follows (in millions):