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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions
A member of the Company’s Board of Directors, Mr. Charles Davis, is the Chief Executive Officer of Stone Point Capital, LLC ("Stone Point"). In the ordinary course of business, the Company engages SKY Harbor Capital Management, LLC, an affiliate of Stone Point, to provide asset management services for certain short duration high yield debt portfolios. For the year ended December 31, 2017, total fees paid to SKY Harbor Capital Management, LLC, were $2 million (2016: $3 million; 2015: $3 million). In 2015, the Company engaged StoneRiver RegEd, also an affiliate of Stone Point, to provide broker and adjuster licensing, appointment and compliance service. For the year ended December 31, 2015 total fees paid to StoneRiver RegEd were $0.5 million.
The Company currently has $30 million committed to the NXT Capital Senior Loan Fund II and $30 million committed to NXT Capital Senior Loan Fund III. The manager of these funds is an indirect subsidiary of NXT Capital Holdings, L.P. ("NXT Capital"). Investment funds managed by Stone Point own approximately 42% of NXT Capital. For the year ended December 31, 2017, fees paid to NXT Capital totaled $1 million (2016: $1 million; 2015: $1 million). In addition, the Company currently has $50 million committed to the Freedom Consumer Credit Fund, LLC Series B. The manager of this fund is Freedom Financial Asset Management, LLC ("Freedom") which is an indirect subsidiary of Pantheon Partners, LLC ("Pantheon"). Investment funds managed by Stone Point own approximately 14.5% of Pantheon. For the year ended December 31, 2017, fees paid to Freedom totaled $1.1 million.
The Company's Chairman, Mr. Butt, received $0.5 million in consulting fee payments in 2017 pursuant to the terms of a consulting agreement by and between Mr. Butt and the Company dated May 3, 2012, as amended (2016: $0.6 million; 2015: $1 million). The consulting agreement was further amended on December 7, 2017 to extend the term of the agreement to the Company's 2019 Annual General Meeting for an annual fee of $0.5 million.

The Company's investment portfolio includes certain investments where it is considered to have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investment entity's operations. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist where the Company has an investment of 20% or more in the common stock of a corporation or an investment of 3% or more in closed end funds, limited partnerships, LLCs or similar investment vehicles. At December 31, 2017, the Company has $451 million (2016: $411 million) of investments where it is deemed to have the ability to exercise such significant influence. The Company generally pays management and performance fees to the investment managers of these investments. The Company considers all fees paid to the investment managers to be at market rates consistent with negotiated arms-length contracts.

Harrington and Harrington Re commenced operations in 2016 (see Note 6 'Investments'). AXIS Capital has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Harrington and Harrington Re. In the normal course of business, the Company entered into certain reinsurance transactions with Harrington Re. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company ceded reinsurance premiums of $213 million (2016: $128 million) and ceded losses of $119 million (2016: $27 million) to Harrington Re. In addition, Harrington Re paid certain acquisition costs and administrative fees to the Company. At December 31, 2017, the amount of reinsurance recoverable on unpaid and paid losses was $152 million (2016: $38 million) and the amount of ceded reinsurance payable included in insurance and reinsurance balances payable was $142 million (2016: $86 million) in the Consolidated balance sheets. All transactions were conducted at market rates consistent with negotiated arms-length contracts.

On November 5, 2013, the Company formed Ventures Re, a Bermuda domiciled insurer. With effect from January 1, 2015, Ventures Re is no longer consolidated in the financial statements of the Company. All of Ventures Re's directors are employees of the Company. In the normal course of business, the Company enters into certain reinsurance contracts with Ventures Re. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company ceded premiums of $107 million (2016: $40 million) and ceded losses of $126 million (2016: $10 million) to Ventures Re. In addition, Ventures Re paid certain acquisition costs and administrative fees to the Company. At December 31, 2017, the amount of reinsurance recoverable on unpaid and paid losses was $131 million (2016: $22 million) and the amount of ceded reinsurance payable included in insurance and reinsurance balances payable was $17 million (2016: $15 million ) in the Consolidated balance sheets. All transactions were conducted at market rates consistent with negotiated arms-length contracts.