<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>
    <schemaVersion>X0101</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType><periodOfReport>2003-06-24</periodOfReport>
    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001101215</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>ALLIANCE DATA SYSTEMS CORP</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>ADS</issuerTradingSymbol></issuer><reportingOwner><reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001212992</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>DENICOLA ANTHONY J</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>  </rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>  </rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>  </rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>  </rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>  </rptOwnerZipCode>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
            <reportingOwnerRelationship>
<isDirector>1</isDirector><isOfficer>0</isOfficer><isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner><isOther>0</isOther></reportingOwnerRelationship></reportingOwner><nonDerivativeSecurity><securityTitle><value>Common Stock</value></securityTitle><transactionDate><value>2003-06-24</value></transactionDate><transactionCoding><transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType><transactionCode>A</transactionCode><equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved></transactionCoding><transactionAmounts><transactionShares><value>1091</value><footnoteId id="F1"/></transactionShares><transactionValue><value>24.03</value></transactionValue><transactionAcquiredDisposedCode><value>A</value></transactionAcquiredDisposedCode></transactionAmounts><postTransactionAmounts><sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction><value>36427</value><footnoteId id="F2"/><footnoteId id="F3"/></sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction></postTransactionAmounts><ownershipNature><directOrIndirectOwnership><value>D</value></directOrIndirectOwnership><natureOfOwnership><value></value></natureOfOwnership></ownershipNature></nonDerivativeSecurity><derivativeSecurity><securityTitle><value>Stock Option (Right to Buy)</value></securityTitle><conversionOrExercisePrice><value>24.03</value></conversionOrExercisePrice><transactionDate><value>2003-06-24</value></transactionDate><transactionCoding><transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType><transactionCode>A</transactionCode><equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved></transactionCoding><transactionAmounts><transactionShares><value>6208</value></transactionShares><transactionValue><value>24.03</value></transactionValue><transactionAcquiredDisposedCode><value>A</value></transactionAcquiredDisposedCode></transactionAmounts><exerciseDate><value>2004-06-30</value><footnoteId id="F4"/></exerciseDate><expirationDate><value>2013-06-24</value></expirationDate><underlyingSecurity><underlyingSecurityTitle><value>Common Stock</value></underlyingSecurityTitle><underlyingSecurityShares><value>6208</value></underlyingSecurityShares></underlyingSecurity><postTransactionAmounts><sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction><value>6208</value></sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction></postTransactionAmounts><ownershipNature><directOrIndirectOwnership><value>D</value></directOrIndirectOwnership><natureOfOwnership><value></value></natureOfOwnership></ownershipNature></derivativeSecurity><footnotes><footnote id="F1">Such 1,091 shares are subject to a restriction on resale until one year after the Reporting Person's service on the Issuer's Board of Director terminates.</footnote><footnote id="F2">The Reporting Person also indirectly beneficially owns:  (i) 17,790,349 shares held by Welsh, Carson, Anderson &amp;amp; Stowe VIII, L.P., (ii) 17,922,447 shares held by Welsh, Carson, Anderson &amp;amp; Stowe VII, L.P., (iii) 5,555,550 shares held by Welsh, Carson, Anderson &amp;amp; Stowe VI, L.P., (iv) 655,555 shares held by WCAS Capital Partners III, L.P.,  and (v) 268, 398 shares held by WCAS Capital Partners II, L.P.  The Reporting Person is one of several general partners and/or managing members of the respective sole general partners of such limited partnerships.</footnote><footnote id="F3">Pursuant to Instruction 4(b)(iv) of Form 4, the reporting person has elected to report as indirectly beneficially owned the entire number of securities reporting as beneficially owned by each such limited partnership.  The reporting person disclaims beneficial ownership of any securities,  and any proceeds thereof, that exceed his pecuniary interest therein, and/or that are not actually distributed to him.</footnote><footnote id="F4">The stock option vests in its entirety on the date of the Issuer's Annual Meeting of Stockholders in June 2004.</footnote></footnotes><ownerSignature><signatureName>Jonathan M. Rather, Attorney-in-Fact</signatureName><signatureDate>2003-07-03</signatureDate></ownerSignature></ownershipDocument>

