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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Loans and Allowance For Loan Losses [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance For Loan Losses [Text Block]

Major categories of loans, including loans covered under loss-share agreements with the FDIC (“covered”) and loans not covered under loss-share agreements (“non-covered”) at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

 June 30, 2013 December 31, 2012
 Covered Non-covered    Covered Non-covered   
 Loans (1) Loans (2) Total Loans (1) Loans (2) Total
                  
Commercial real estate$ 108,244 $ 1,100,280 $ 1,208,524 $ 114,757 $ 1,034,686 $ 1,149,443
Commercial construction  23,370   174,178   197,548   33,447   183,747   217,194
Commercial and industrial  8,983   165,540   174,523   10,898   150,870   161,768
Leases  -   14,949   14,949   -   13,209   13,209
Total commercial  140,597   1,454,947   1,595,544   159,102   1,382,512   1,541,614
Residential construction  212   32,913   33,125   215   34,514   34,729
Residential mortgage  76,156   333,281   409,437   87,015   359,260   446,275
Consumer and other  2,317   8,518   10,835   2,598   10,042   12,640
 $ 219,282 $ 1,829,659 $ 2,048,941 $ 248,930 $ 1,786,328 $ 2,035,258
                  
(1) The unpaid principal balance for covered loans was $230.6 million and $272.7 million at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.
(2) Amount includes $300.7 million and $347.2 million of acquired, non-covered loans as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.

The Company evaluates loans acquired with evidence of credit deterioration in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 310-30: Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. Credit-impaired loans are those loans showing evidence of credit deterioration since origination and it is probable, at the date of acquisition, the Company will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Generally, the acquired loans that meet the Company's definition for nonaccrual status fall within the definition of credit-impaired covered loans.

 

Covered loans acquired will be reimbursed for a substantial portion of any future losses on them under the terms of the FDIC loss-share agreements. The covered loans are reported in loans exclusive of the expected reimbursement from the FDIC. Covered loans are initially recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. The covered loans are and will be subject to the Company's internal and external credit review and monitoring. Prospective losses incurred on covered loans are eligible for partial reimbursement by the FDIC. Subsequent decreases in the amount expected to be collected result in a provision for loan losses, an increase in the allowance for loan losses, and a proportional increase to the FDIC indemnification asset for the estimated amount to be reimbursed. Subsequent increases in the amount expected to be collected result in the reversal of any previously-recorded provision for loan losses and related allowance for loan losses and decreases to the FDIC indemnification asset, or accretion of certain fair value amounts into interest income in future periods if no provision for loan losses had been recorded.

 

A portion of the fair value discount on acquired covered loans has an accretable yield associated with those loans that is accreted into interest income over the estimated remaining life of the loans. The remaining nonaccretable difference represents cash flows not expected to be collected. The changes in the carrying amount of covered acquired loans and accretable yield for loans receivable for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and the year ended December 31, 2012 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

 June 30, 2013 December 31, 2012
 Accretable Carrying  Accretable Carrying
 Yield Amount Yield Amount
            
Balance at beginning of period$ (12,895) $ 248,930 $ (8,387) $ 320,033
Reductions from payments and foreclosures, net  -   (35,488)   -   (74,998)
Reclass from non-accretable to accretable yield  (1,190)   -   (8,403)   -
Accretion  5,840   5,840   3,895   3,895
Balance at end of period$ (8,245) $ 219,282 $ (12,895) $ 248,930

The Company has the ability to borrow funds from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and from the Federal Reserve Bank. At June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, real estate loans with carrying values of $358.1 million and $462.4 million, respectively, were pledged to secure borrowing facilities from these institutions.

 

The Company has adopted comprehensive lending policies, underwriting standards and loan review procedures, which are reviewed on a regular basis.   Each class of financing receivable detailed below is subject to risks that could have an adverse impact on the credit quality of the loan portfolio.

 

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial real estate loans consist primarily of loans secured by nonresidential (owner occupied and/or non-owner occupied) real estate, multifamily housing, and agricultural loans. Commercial real estate is primarily dependent on successful operation or management of the property. While these loans are normally secured by commercial buildings for office, storage and warehouse space, it is possible that the liquidation of the collateral will not fully satisfy the obligation. The primary risk associated with multifamily loans is the ability of the income-producing property that collateralizes the loan to produce adequate cash flow to service the debt. High unemployment or generally weak economic conditions may result in customers having to provide rental rate concessions to achieve adequate occupancy rates.

 

Commercial construction loans

Commercial construction loans, including land development loans, are highly dependent on the supply and demand for commercial real estate in the markets served by BNC as well as the demand for newly constructed residential homes and lots that customers are developing. Continuing deterioration in demand could result in significant decreases in the underlying collateral values and make repayment of the outstanding loans more difficult for customers.

 

Commercial and industrial and leases

Each commercial loan or lease is centrally underwritten based primarily upon the customer's ability to generate the required cash flow to service the debt in accordance with the contractual terms and conditions of the loan agreement. A complete understanding of the borrower's businesses including the experience and background of the principals is obtained prior to approval. To the extent that the loan or lease is secured by collateral, which is usually personal property or business assets such as inventory or accounts receivable, which is true for the majority of commercial loans and leases, the likely value of the collateral and what level of strength the collateral brings to the transaction is evaluated. To the extent that the principals or other parties provide personal guarantees, the relative financial strength and liquidity of each guarantor is assessed. Common risks include general economic conditions within the markets the Bank serves, as well as risks that are specific to each transaction including demand for products and services, personal events such as disability or change in marital status, and reductions in the value of collateral.

 

Residential construction loans

Residential construction loans are made to individuals and are typically secured by 1-4 family residential property. Significant and rapid declines in real estate values or demand can result in increased difficulty in converting these construction loans to permanent loans. Such a decline in values has led to unprecedented levels of foreclosures and losses within the banking industry. In addition, there has been an increase in the average time houses are on the market for sale.

 

Residential mortgage loans

Each residential mortgage loan is underwritten using credit scoring and analysis tools. These credit scoring tools take into account factors such as payment history, credit utilization, length of credit history, types of credit currently in use, and recent credit inquiries. To the extent that the loan is secured by collateral, the likely value of that collateral is evaluated. Common risks to each class of non-commercial loans include risks that are not specific to individual transactions such as general economic conditions within the markets BNC serves, particularly unemployment and potential declines in real estate values. Personal events such as disability or change in marital status also add risk to residential mortgage loans. Second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit generally involve greater credit risk than first mortgage loans because they are secured by mortgages that are subordinate to the first mortgage on the property.  If the borrower is forced into foreclosure, the Company will receive no proceeds from the sale of the property until the first mortgage has been completely repaid. Over the past two years the Company has significantly tightened underwriting criteria and requirements for second mortgage and home equity lines of credit. This includes requiring higher credit scores from borrowers and limiting loan-to-value ratios.

 

Since substantially all first mortgage loans originated by the Company are eligible for sale in the secondary market, and the Company typically does not service the related first mortgage loans if they are sold, the Company may be unable to track the delinquency status of the related first mortgage loans and whether such loans are at risk of foreclosure by others.  At June 30, 2013, second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit for which the Company did not own or service the related first mortgage loans totaled approximately $92.0 million, which represented approximately 98% of the total second liens held by the Company.  The Company monitors the increased credit risk associated with second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit for which the Company does not own or service the related first mortgage loans by obtaining updated credit information on all borrowers from the credit bureaus as part of the overall management of the relationship. If these procedures identify significant deterioration in a borrower's credit quality, the Company may freeze the borrower's ability to make additional principal draws under the home equity lines of credit.

 

Home equity lines of credit are offered as “revolving” lines of credit which have a 15 year maturity and draw period. Scheduled monthly interest payments are the only required payments during the term of the line. The full principal amount is due at maturity as a lump-sum balloon payment.  At maturity, home equity loans are re-underwritten based on our current underwriting standards and updated appraisals are generally obtained.  Our underwriting criteria for such loans require the borrowers to qualify as if the loans require principal and interest payments for the complete term of the loans sufficient to fully amortize the loans.  If the borrowers qualify under our current underwriting standards, the loans are either renewed, converted to conventional second mortgage loans that are fully amortizing, or refinanced along with the existing first mortgage into a new first mortgage loan.  Borrowers may be required to repay a portion of the outstanding principal balance to qualify for such renewals. The following table summarizes the maturity dates of our home equity lines of credit as of June 30, 2013 (dollars in thousands):

 

2013$ 485
2014  1,733
2015  1,343
2016  3,316
2017  3,367
2018  4,801
Thereafter  101,523
 $ 116,568

Consumer and other loans

Consumer and other loans include loans secured by personal property such as automobiles, marketable securities, other titled recreational vehicles including boats and motorcycles, as well as unsecured consumer debt. The value of underlying collateral within this class is especially volatile due to potential rapid depreciation in values since date of loan origination in excess of principal repayment. Consumer loan collections are sensitive to job loss, illness and other personal factors.

 

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, is as follows (dollars in thousands):

 

    Commercial Commercial  Commercial    Residential Residential  Consumer   
2013 Real Estate Construction and Industrial Leases Construction Mortgage and Other Total
Allowance for loan losses:                        
Three months ended:                        
Balance April 1, 2013 $ 12,531 $ 10,054 $ 3,547 $ - $ 345 $ 11,536 $ 135 $ 38,148
Charge-offs   (318)   (4,805)   (900)   -   -   (3,092)   (214)   (9,329)
Recoveries   868   801   193   -   16   90   10   1,978
Provision (a)   880   (498)   718   -   17   842   329   2,288
Change in FDIC indemnification asset (a)   (1,070)   1,445   (17)   -   (1)   (603)   20   (226)
Balance June 30, 2013 $ 12,891 $ 6,997 $ 3,541 $ - $ 377 $ 8,773 $ 280 $ 32,859
                           
Six months ended:                        
Balance January 1, 2013 $ 15,718 $ 9,807 $ 3,578 $ 18 $ 593 $ 10,441 $ 137 $ 40,292
Charge-offs   (1,725)   (7,924)   (2,239)   -   -   (5,671)   (226)   (17,785)
Recoveries   872   835   286   -   21   233   15   2,262
Provision (a)   (365)   2,360   1,935   (18)   (235)   2,391   335   6,403
Change in FDIC indemnification asset (a)   (1,609)   1,919   (19)   -   (2)   1,379   19   1,687
Balance June 30, 2013 $ 12,891 $ 6,997 $ 3,541 $ - $ 377 $ 8,773 $ 280 $ 32,859
                           
2012                        
Allowance for loan losses:                        
Three months ended:                        
Balance April 1, 2012 $ 10,695 $ 13,115 $ 4,966 $ 18 $ 620 $ 7,250 $ 58 $ 36,722
Charge-offs   (2,075)   (5,525)   (1,405)   -   (163)   (1,248)   (87)   (10,503)
Recoveries   4   676   185   -   -   555   6   1,426
Provision (b)   2,630   2,864   1,845   -   193   681   117   8,330
Change in FDIC indemnification asset (b)   3,081   -   -   -   -   1,800   -   4,881
Balance June 30, 2012 $ 14,335 $ 11,130 $ 5,591 $ 18 $ 650 $ 9,038 $ 94 $ 40,856
                           
Six months ended:                        
Balance January 1, 2012 $ 11,789 $ 10,957 $ 4,338 $ 18 $ 699 $ 3,058 $ 149 $ 31,008
Charge-offs   (3,789)   (7,689)   (2,130)   -   (180)   (2,587)   (111)   (16,486)
Recoveries   17   865   217   -   -   578   9   1,686
Provision (b)   2,912   4,717   2,798   -   131   2,904   47   13,509
Change in FDIC indemnification asset (b)   3,406   2,280   368   -   -   5,085   -   11,139
Balance June 30, 2012 $ 14,335 $ 11,130 $ 5,591 $ 18 $ 650 $ 9,038 $ 94 $ 40,856
                           
(a) The provision for loan losses includes the "net" provision on covered loans after coverage provided by FDIC loss-share agreements, which totaled $(62,000) and $400,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively. This resulted in a (decrease) increase in the FDIC indemnification asset of $(226,000) and $1.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, which is the difference between the net provision on covered loans and the total additions to the allowance for loan losses allocable to the covered loans portfolio of $(288,000) and $2.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively.
(b) The provision for loan losses includes the "net" provision on covered loans after coverage provided by FDIC loss-share agreements, which totaled $1.0 million and $2.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively. This resulted in an increase in the FDIC indemnification asset of $4.9 million and $11.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively, which is the difference between the net provision on covered loans and the total additions to the allowance for loan losses allocable to the covered loans portfolio of $5.9 million and $13.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively.

The following table provides a breakdown of the recorded investment in loans and the allowance for loan losses based on the method of determining the allowance:
                           
    Commercial Commercial  Commercial    Residential Residential  Consumer   
June 30, 2013 Real Estate Construction and Industrial Leases Construction Mortgage and Other Total
Ending balances:                        
Specific reserves:                        
 Impaired loans $ 2,926 $ 738 $ 24 $ - $ 52 $ 1,717 $ 52 $ 5,509
 Purchase credit impaired loans   4,516   613   717   -   -   2,795   -   8,641
Total specific reserves   7,442   1,351   741   -   52   4,512   52   14,150
General reserves   5,449   5,646   2,800   -   325   4,261   228   18,709
Total $ 12,891 $ 6,997 $ 3,541 $ - $ 377 $ 8,773 $ 280 $ 32,859
                           
Loans:                        
Ending balance:                        
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 34,093 $ 12,949 $ 776 $ - $ 582 $ 15,313 $ 62 $ 63,775
Purchase credit impaired loans   111,568   27,652   9,843   -   970   59,139   2,314   211,486
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment   1,062,863   156,947   163,904   14,949   31,573   334,985   8,459   1,773,680
Total  $ 1,208,524 $ 197,548 $ 174,523 $ 14,949 $ 33,125 $ 409,437 $ 10,835 $ 2,048,941
                           
December 31, 2012                        
Ending balances:                        
Specific reserves:                        
 Impaired loans $ 578 $ 3,023 $ 4 $ - $ 2 $ 1,612 $ - $ 5,219
 Purchase credit impaired loans   6,518   2,704   1,569   -   -   4,000   18   14,809
Total specific reserves   7,096   5,727   1,573   -   2   5,612   18   20,028
General reserves   8,622   4,080   2,005   18   591   4,829   119   20,264
Total $ 15,718 $ 9,807 $ 3,578 $ 18 $ 593 $ 10,441 $ 137 $ 40,292
                           
Loans:                        
Ending balance:                        
Individually evaluated for impairment $ 26,076 $ 19,367 $ 1,682 $ - $ 361 $ 16,850 $ 127 $ 64,463
Purchase credit impaired loans   121,983   34,666   12,397   -   5,741   68,273   2,590   245,650
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment   1,001,384   163,161   147,689   13,209   28,627   361,152   9,923   1,725,145
Total  $ 1,149,443 $ 217,194 $ 161,768 $ 13,209 $ 34,729 $ 446,275 $ 12,640 $ 2,035,258

The following presents information related to impaired loans, excluding purchased impaired loans, as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
                
           Impaired Loans - With
  Impaired Loans - With Allowance No Allowance
     Unpaid Allowance for    Unpaid
  Recorded Principal Loan Losses Recorded Principal
June 30, 2013:Investment Balance Allocated Investment Balance
Originated:              
 Commercial real estate$ 27,652 $ 27,585 $ 2,926 $ 6,522 $ 6,507
 Commercial construction  4,982   5,046   738   7,981   8,287
 Commercial and industrial  778   776   24   -   -
 Residential construction  583   582   52   -   -
 Residential mortgage  14,523   14,487   1,717   826   826
 Consumer and other  62   62   52   -   -
Total originated  48,580   48,538   5,509   15,329   15,620
Acquired (non-covered):              
 Commercial real estate  -   -   -   173   180
 Commercial construction  -   -   -   245   245
 Commercial and industrial  -   -   -   298   310
 Residential mortgage  -   -   -   1,659   1,805
 Consumer and other  -   -   -   4   5
Total acquired (non-covered)  -   -   -   2,379   2,545
Acquired (covered):              
 Commercial real estate  -   -   -   745   779
 Commercial construction  -   -   -   313   340
 Commercial and industrial  -   -   -   137   170
 Residential mortgage  -   -   -   6,647   6,885
Total acquired (covered)  -   -   -   7,842   8,174
Total loans$ 48,580 $ 48,538 $ 5,509 $ 25,550 $ 26,339

           Impaired Loans - With
  Impaired Loans - With Allowance No Allowance
     Unpaid Allowance for    Unpaid
  Recorded Principal Loan Losses Recorded Principal
December 31, 2012:Investment Balance Allocated Investment Balance
Originated:              
 Commercial real estate$ 7,918 $ 7,891 $ 562 $ 17,915 $ 17,867
 Commercial construction  11,838   11,815   3,022   7,581   7,552
 Commercial and industrial  99   99   1   1,352   1,351
 Residential construction  362   361   2   -   -
 Residential mortgage  10,772   10,755   1,526   4,801   4,788
 Consumer and other  -   -   -   124   122
Total originated  30,989   30,921   5,113   31,773   31,680
Acquired (non-covered):              
 Commercial real estate  500   800   16   248   256
 Commercial and industrial  240   240   3   0   0
 Residential mortgage  601   607   87   765   895
 Consumer and other  0   0   0   5   5
Total acquired (non-covered)  1,341   1,647   106   1,018   1,156
Acquired (covered):              
 Commercial real estate  -   -   -   548   625
 Commercial construction  -   -   -   530   561
 Commercial and industrial  -   -   -   143   176
 Residential mortgage  -   -   -   5,504   5,749
Total acquired (covered)  -   -   -   6,725   7,111
Total loans$ 32,330 $ 32,568 $ 5,219 $ 39,516 $ 39,947

The following presents information related to the average recorded investment, excluding purchase impaired loans, and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (dollars in thousands):
                         
  Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
  2013 2012 2013 2012
  Average  Interest Average  Interest Average  Interest Average  Interest
  recorded income  recorded income  recorded income  recorded income
  investment recognized investment recognized investment recognized investment recognized
Impaired loans with allowance:                       
 Commercial real estate$ 23,271 $ 215 $ 19,147 $ 96 $ 14,945 $ 272 $ 12,375 $ 146
 Commercial construction  6,837   50   7,461   93   7,060   91   8,810   145
 Commercial and industrial  531   4   1,297   11   305   4   1,933   39
 Residential construction  435   3   314   4   338   5   157   4
 Residential mortgage  13,284   76   11,553   63   11,202   124   8,988   104
 Consumer and other  50   -   74   -   25   -   37   -
Total impaired loans with allowance$ 44,408 $ 348 $ 39,846 $ 267 $ 33,875 $ 496 $ 32,300 $ 438
Impaired loans with no allowance:                       
 Commercial real estate$ 11,502 $ 102 $ 7,066 $ 186 $ 15,180 $ 276 $ 8,918 $ 298
 Commercial construction  10,732   8   10,042   107   9,987   32   11,564   189
 Commercial and industrial  579   1   577   7   623   4   661   10
 Residential construction  -   -   204   -   -   -   737   9
 Residential mortgage  10,627   15   8,680   67   10,120   44   7,306   80
 Consumer and other  16   -   43   4   50   -   82   4
Total impaired loans with no allowance$ 33,456 $ 126 $ 26,612 $ 371 $ 35,960 $ 356 $ 29,268 $ 590

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, the amount of interest income recognized within the period that the loans were impaired was primarily related to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) that remained on accrual status. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, the amount of interest income recognized using a cash-basis method of accounting during the period that the loans were impaired was not material.

 

The following presents an aging analysis of past due loans as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
                      
        Greater             
        than            
  30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days    Total     Total
June 30, 2013:Past Due Past Due Past Due Nonaccrual Past Due Current Loans
Originated:                    
 Commercial real estate$ 1,729 $ 869 $ 659 $ 4,663 $ 7,920 $ 902,660 $ 910,580
 Commercial construction  -   -   -   8,210   8,210   139,168   147,378
 Commercial and industrial  263   75   -   312   650   145,618   146,268
 Leases  -   -   -   -   -   14,949   14,949
 Residential construction  -   -   -   223   223   27,944   28,167
 Residential mortgage  2,375   380   -   5,954   8,709   265,012   273,721
 Consumer and other  9   -   -   39   48   7,833   7,881
Total originated  4,376   1,324   659   19,401   25,760   1,503,184   1,528,944
Acquired (non-covered):                    
 Commercial real estate  328   -   -   603   931   188,769   189,700
 Commercial construction  -   -   -   245   245   26,555   26,800
 Commercial and industrial  1,547   -   164   304   2,015   17,257   19,272
 Residential construction  -   -   -   -   -   4,746   4,746
 Residential mortgage  207   57   -   1,719   1,983   57,577   59,560
 Consumer and other  6   -   -   4   10   627   637
Total acquired (non-covered)  2,088   57   164   2,875   5,184   295,531   300,715
Acquired (covered):                    
 Commercial real estate  782   -   -   17,585   18,367   89,877   108,244
 Commercial construction  156   21   -   6,851   7,028   16,342   23,370
 Commercial and industrial  41   -   -   1,482   1,523   7,460   8,983
 Residential construction  -   -   -   -   -   212   212
 Residential mortgage  359   432   -   18,326   19,117   57,039   76,156
 Consumer and other  4   21   -   73   98   2,219   2,317
Total acquired (covered)  1,342   474   -   44,317   46,133   173,149   219,282
Total loans$ 7,806 $ 1,855 $ 823 $ 66,593 $ 77,077 $ 1,971,864 $ 2,048,941

        Greater             
        than            
  30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days    Total     Total
December 31, 2012:Past Due Past Due Past Due Nonaccrual Past Due Current Loans
Originated:                    
 Commercial real estate$ 731 $ 1,080 $ - $ 3,522 $ 5,333 $ 818,764 $ 824,097
 Commercial construction  369   -   -   7,586   7,955   145,924   153,879
 Commercial and industrial  243   8   -   1,121   1,372   123,040   124,412
 Leases  -   -   -   -   -   13,209   13,209
 Residential construction  -   -   -   -   -   21,704   21,704
 Residential mortgage  1,205   2,133   -   7,356   10,694   282,037   292,731
 Consumer and other  9   127   -   -   136   8,988   9,124
Total originated  2,557   3,348   -   19,585   25,490   1,413,666   1,439,156
Acquired (non-covered):                    
 Commercial real estate  1,255   -   -   1,179   2,434   208,155   210,589
 Commercial construction  315   -   -   -   315   29,553   29,868
 Commercial and industrial  113   -   -   248   361   26,097   26,458
 Residential construction  136   -   -   -   136   12,674   12,810
 Residential mortgage  960   -   -   1,425   2,385   64,144   66,529
 Consumer and other  1   1   -   5   7   911   918
Total acquired (non-covered)  2,780   1   -   2,857   5,638   341,534   347,172
Acquired (covered):                    
 Commercial real estate  5,257   84   -   12,730   18,071   96,686   114,757
 Commercial construction  -   113   -   14,961   15,074   18,373   33,447
 Commercial and industrial  55   -   -   1,170   1,225   9,673   10,898
 Residential construction  -   -   -   -   -   215   215
 Residential mortgage  3,593   352   -   18,057   22,002   65,013   87,015
 Consumer and other  70   1   -   63   134   2,464   2,598
Total acquired (covered)  8,975   550   -   46,981   56,506   192,424   248,930
Total loans$ 14,312 $ 3,899 $ - $ 69,423 $ 87,634 $ 1,947,624 $ 2,035,258

Credit quality indicators

 

The Company uses several credit quality indicators to manage credit risk in an ongoing manner. The Company's primary credit quality indicators use an internal credit risk rating system that categorizes loans and leases into pass, special mention, or classified categories. Credit risk ratings are applied individually to those classes of loans and leases that have significant or unique credit characteristics that benefit from a case-by-case evaluation. These are typically loans and leases to businesses or individuals in the classes which comprise the commercial portfolio segment. Groups of loans and leases that are underwritten and structured using standardized criteria and characteristics are typically risk rated and monitored collectively. These are typically loans and leases to individuals in the classes which comprise the consumer portfolio segment.

 

At least annually the Company will review all loans exceeding a certain threshold and assign a risk rating. Loans excluded from the scope of the annual review process are generally classified as pass credits until: (a) they become past due; (b) management becomes aware of a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower; or (c) the customer contacts the Company for a modification or new loan. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

 

Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution's credit position at some future date.

Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and payment capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss. Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and are in the process of being charged-off, as soon as practical, once so classified.

The following presents the recorded investment in the Company's loans, by credit quality indicator, as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):

    Pass Special        
June 30, 2013:Total Credits Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss
Originated:                 
 Commercial real estate$ 910,580 $ 817,261 $ 40,916 $ 52,403 $ - $ -
 Commercial construction  147,378   115,370   13,196   18,812   -   -
 Commercial and industrial  146,268   137,757   5,482   3,018   11   -
 Leases  14,949   14,949   -   -   -   -
 Residential construction  28,167   25,859   544   1,764   -   -
 Residential mortgage  273,721   235,094   19,860   18,767   -   -
 Consumer and other  7,881   7,606   195   80   -   -
Total originated  1,528,944   1,353,896   80,193   94,844   11   -
Total acquired (non-covered):                 
 Commercial real estate  189,700   166,313   12,967   10,420   -   -
 Commercial construction  26,800   17,848   2,395   6,557   -   -
 Commercial and industrial  19,272   17,718   896   658   -   -
 Residential construction  4,746   1,997   1,795   954   -   -
 Residential mortgage  59,560   48,754   6,262   4,544   -   -
 Consumer and other  637   563   70   4   -   -
Total acquired (non-covered):  300,715   253,193   24,385   23,137   -   -
Acquired (covered):                 
 Commercial real estate  108,244   63,785   15,638   17,299   11,522   -
 Commercial construction  23,370   11,798   1,940   7,777   1,855   -
 Commercial and industrial  8,983   5,294   1,756   721   1,212   -
 Residential construction  212   196   16   -   -   -
 Residential mortgage  76,156   39,982   14,099   9,478   12,189   408
 Consumer and other  2,317   2,077   168   71   1   -
Total acquired (covered)  219,282   123,132   33,617   35,346   26,779   408
Total loans$ 2,048,941 $ 1,730,221 $ 138,195 $ 153,327 $ 26,790 $ 408

    Pass Special        
December 31, 2012:Total Credits Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss
Originated:                 
 Commercial real estate$ 824,097 $ 739,050 $ 39,562 $ 45,485 $ - $ -
 Commercial construction  153,879   115,996   18,088   19,795   -   -
 Commercial and industrial  124,412   117,546   4,385   2,481   -   -
 Leases  13,209   13,209   -   -   -   -
 Residential construction  21,704   19,546   440   1,718   -   -
 Residential mortgage  292,731   250,083   21,831   20,817   -   -
 Consumer and other  9,124   8,760   320   44   -   -
Total originated  1,439,156   1,264,190   84,626   90,340   -   -
Acquired (non-covered):                 
 Commercial real estate  210,589   192,016   6,993   11,080   500   -
 Commercial construction  29,868   24,060   2,228   3,580   -   -
 Commercial and industrial  26,458   24,491   1,401   326   -   240
 Residential construction  12,810   7,086   176   5,548   -   -
 Residential mortgage  66,529   57,965   4,445   4,119   -   -
 Consumer and other  918   903   10   5   -   -
Total acquired (non-covered)  347,172   306,521   15,253   24,658   500   240
Acquired (covered):                 
 Commercial real estate  114,757   69,401   19,744   14,960   10,642   10
 Commercial construction  33,447   14,605   1,493   9,715   7,634   -
 Commercial and industrial  10,898   6,251   2,745   1,118   784   -
 Residential construction  215   16   199   -   -   -
 Residential mortgage  87,015   46,039   17,069   11,956   11,808   143
 Consumer and other  2,598   2,237   291   58   11   1
Total acquired (covered)  248,930   138,549   41,541   37,807   30,879   154
Total loans$ 2,035,258 $ 1,709,260 $ 141,420 $ 152,805 $ 31,379 $ 394

Modifications

 

A modification of a loan constitutes a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession.  The Company offers various types of concessions when modifying a loan, however, forgiveness of principal is rarely granted.  Commercial and industrial loans modified in a TDR often involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, and converting revolving credit lines to term loans.  Additional collateral, a co-borrower, or a guarantor is often requested.  Commercial mortgage and construction loans modified in a TDR often involve reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, or substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor.  Construction loans modified in a TDR may also involve extending the interest-only payment period.  Residential mortgage loans modified in a TDR are primarily comprised of loans where monthly payments are lowered to accommodate the borrowers' financial needs for a period of time.  After the lowered monthly payment period ends, the borrower reverts back to paying principal and interest per the original terms with the maturity date adjusted accordingly.  Land loans are also included in the class of residential mortgage loans.  Land loans are typically structured as interest-only monthly payments with a balloon payment due at maturity.  Land loans modified in a TDR typically involve extending the balloon payment by one to three years, changing the monthly payments from interest-only to principal and interest.  Home equity modifications are made infrequently and are not offered if the Company also holds the first mortgage.  Home equity modifications are uniquely designed to meet the specific needs of each borrower.  Occasionally, the terms will be modified to a standalone second lien mortgage, thereby changing their loan class from home equity to residential mortgage.

 

Loans modified in a TDR are, in many cases, already on non-accrual status and partial charge-offs have in some cases already been taken against the outstanding loan balance.  As a result, loans modified in a TDR for the Company may have the financial effect of increasing the specific allowance associated with the loan.  An allowance for impaired consumer and commercial loans that have been modified in a TDR is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the loan's observable market price, or the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs, if the loan is collateral dependent.  Management exercises significant judgment in developing these estimates.

 

The following table provides a summary of loans modified as TDRs at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):

 

          Allowance for 
       Total Loan Losses  
  Accrual Nonaccrual TDRs Allocated 
June 30, 2013:            
Commercial real estate$ 4,737 $ 2,317 $ 7,054 $ 708 
Commercial construction  2,479   4,296   6,775   554 
Commercial and industrial  118   -   118   12 
Residential mortgage  5,282   1,990   7,272   1,072 
Consumer and other  23   40   63   86 
 Total modifications$ 12,639 $ 8,643 $ 21,282 $ 2,432 
 Total contracts 33  16  49    
              
          Allowance for 
       Total Loan Losses  
  Accrual Nonaccrual TDRs Allocated 
December 31, 2012:            
Commercial real estate$ 16,010 $ 2,314 $ 18,324 $ 904 
Commercial construction  11,420   1,030   12,450   1,960 
Commercial and industrial  322   1,029   1,351   - 
Residential mortgage  8,015   4,639   12,654   1,165 
Consumer and other  122   11   133   - 
 Total modifications$ 35,889 $ 9,023 $ 44,912 $ 4,029 
 Total contracts 44  20  64    
              
As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had no available commitments outstanding on TDRs.

The Company offers a variety of modifications to borrowers. The modification categories offered can generally be described in the following categories:

 

Rate modification - A modification in which the interest rate is changed.

 

Term modification - A modification in which the maturity date, timing of payments or frequency of payments is changed.

 

Interest only modification – A modification in which the loan is converted to interest only payments for a period of time.

 

Payment modification – A modification in which the principal and interest payment are lowered from the original contractual terms.

 

Combination modification – Any other type of modification, including the use of multiple categories above.

 

The following table presents new TDRs, by modification category, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (dollars in thousands). All balances represent the recorded investment as of the end of the period in which the modification was made.

  Three Months Ended June 30, 2013
        Interest      
  Rate Term only Combination Total
 modifications modifications modifications modifications modifications
Commercial real estate$ 101 $ - $ - $ 99 $ 200
Commercial construction  128   -   152   67   347
Commercial and industrial  -   89   -   -   89
Residential mortgage  452   -   686   202   1,340
Consumer and other  -   23   -   -   23
 Total modifications$ 681 $ 112 $ 838 $ 368 $ 1,999
                
  Six Months Ended June 30, 2013
        Interest      
  Rate Term only Combination Total
 modifications modifications modifications modifications modifications
Commercial real estate$ 101 $ 648 $ - $ 911 $ 1,660
Commercial construction  128   -   152   553   833
Commercial and industrial  -   89   -   -   89
Residential mortgage  452   -   686   202   1,340
Consumer and other  -   23   -   -   23
 Total modifications$ 681 $ 760 $ 838 $ 1,666 $ 3,945
                
  Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
        Interest      
  Rate Term only Combination Total
 modifications modifications modifications modifications modifications
Commercial real estate$ - $ 2,024 $ 1,141 $ 8,596 $ 11,761
Commercial construction  -   12   1,313   -   1,325
Commercial and industrial  -   34   -   294   328
Residential mortgage  -   456   3,233   2,778   6,467
 Total modifications$ - $ 2,526 $ 5,687 $ 11,668 $ 19,881
                
  Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
        Interest      
  Rate Term only Combination Total
 modifications modifications modifications modifications modifications
Commercial real estate$ - $ 2,517 $ 1,141 $ 10,625 $ 14,283
Commercial construction  -   641   1,313   -   1,954
Commercial and industrial  -   34   -   294   328
Residential mortgage  -   456   3,233   2,896   6,585
 Total modifications$ - $ 3,648 $ 5,687 $ 13,815 $ 23,150

The following table summarizes the period-end balance for loans modified and classified as TDRs in the previous 12 months for which a payment default has occurred during the period (dollars in thousands). The Company defines payment default as movement of the restructuring to nonaccrual status, foreclosure or charge-off, whichever occurs first.

 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
 June 30, 2013 June 30, 2013
Commercial construction$ - $ 5,906
Commercial and industrial  -   29
      
      
 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
 June 30, 2012 June 30, 2012
Commercial real estate$ 1,684 $ 1,684
Commercial construction  -   3,986
Commercial and industrial  2,339   2,339

Loans held for sale

The Company originates certain single family, residential first mortgage loans for sale on a presold basis. Loan sale activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 is summarized below (dollars in thousands):

 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2013 2012 2013 2012
Loans held for sale at June 30,$ 39,954 $ 17,793 $ 39,954 $ 17,793
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale  98,296   61,708   198,288   107,601
Mortgage fees  2,480   1,378   4,861   2,494