<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0508</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4/A</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2024-03-21</periodOfReport>

    <dateOfOriginalSubmission>2024-03-22</dateOfOriginalSubmission>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001205922</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>VACCINEX, INC.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>VCNX</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001747769</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Smith Ernest S.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>C/O VACCINEX, INC.</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>1895 MOUNT HOPE AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>ROCHESTER</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>NY</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>14620</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>1</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>0</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle>SVP, Research &amp; CSO</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <aff10b5One>0</aff10b5One>

    <derivativeTable>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Stock Option (Right to Buy)</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>8.21</value>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2024-03-21</value>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>A</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>1341</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>0</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>A</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <exerciseDate>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <value>2034-03-21</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>1341</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>1341</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeTransaction>
    </derivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Due to an administrative error, the original Form 4 mistakenly listed the transaction date as March 20, 2024. The transaction actually occurred on March 21, 2024. Accordingly, the exercise price of the stock option is $8.21 per share, as opposed to the exercise price of $8.32 that was listed in the original Form 4.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">This option was granted under the Company's 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan in a transaction exempt under Rule 16b-3 and, except as otherwise provided in the award notice, vests one-fourth on each of the first four anniversaries of the March 21, 2024 grant date.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Maurice Zauderer, Attorney-in-Fact for Ernest S. Smith</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2024-05-14</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
