EX-99.2 3 d654919dex992.htm EX-99.2 EX-99.2

Exhibit 99.2

 

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NI 43-101 Technical report,

Updated mineral resource estimate

for rare earth elements,

2012

NIOBEC MINE PROPERTY

Report prepared by

Louis Grenier, Geo.

Exploration geologist, Niobec Inc.

and

Jean-François Tremblay, Geo.

Supervisor geologist, Niobec Inc.

Report reviewed and approved by

Réjean Sirois, P. Eng.

Vice President, Geology and Resources

G. Mining Services Inc.

March 18th, 2013

As amended on September 19th, 2013


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

Date and signature page

This report entitled “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013 was prepared and signed by the following authors:

 

Signed & Sealed

     

Louis Grenier, geo. (OGQ, #800)

     

September 19, 2013

Exploration Geologist

     

St-Honoré, Québec

Niobec inc. (IAMGOLD)

     

Signed & Sealed

     

Jean-Francois Tremblay, geo. (OGQ, #958)

     

September 19, 2013

Senior Geologist

     

St-Honoré, Québec

Niobec inc. (IAMGOLD)

     

Signed & Sealed

     

Réjean Sirois, Ing. (OIQ,#38754)

     

September 19, 2013

Vice President Geology and Resources

     

Brossard, Québec

G. Mining Services Inc

     

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  II

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

CERTIFICATE OF LOUIS GRENIER

As an author of this report, Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013 , I Louis Grenier, do hereby certify that:

 

 

1.

I reside at 88 4E Chemin Lac Brochet, Saint-David-de-Falardeau, province of Québec, Canada, G0V 1C0;

 

 

2.

I am registered professional geologist, member in good standing of Ordre des Géologues du Québec, (OGQ #800);

 

 

3.

I graduated from the Université Laval, Quebec city, in 2003 and have a Bachelor’s degree in Geology;

 

 

4.

I have practiced my profession as geologist in, mineral exploration and mineral production over the last 10 years;

 

 

5.

I have been working for Virginia Mines from 2004 and 2012 as an exploration and project geologist;

 

 

6.

As a surface exploration geologist since March 2012, I am a full–time employee of IAMGOLD Corporation/Niobec Inc., Quebec, Canada and I own shares of IAMGOLD Corporation;

 

 

7.

I have been in charge since 2012 of the drilling campaigns and involved in resources calculation of the Iamgold Rare Earth Exploration Project;

 

 

8.

As a full-time employee at Niobec mining site, 3 400 chemin du Columbium, St-Honoré de Chicoutimi, Québec, G1V 1L0, and responsible of the Rare Earth Exploration Project, I daily visit the Niobec Inc. property and operation since march 2012;

 

 

9.

I am responsible for the Item 1 to 12 and 15 to 28 of the Technical Report titled: “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013”;

 

 

10.

I have read the definition of “qualified person” set out in National Instrument 43-101 and certify that by reason of my education, registration as a professional geologist and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a “qualified person” for purposes of NI 43-101 -Per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(c);

 

 

11.

I am not independent of IAMGOLD Corporation as set out in Section 1.5 of National Instrument 43-101 -as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(f);

 

 

12.

I read the NI 43-101 and the technical report Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013, and certified that the technical report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101” - as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(h)];

 

 

13.

At the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, the report entitled: “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013” contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the technical report not misleading -as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(i).

 

 

14.

I am not aware of any new information on events occurring subsequent to March 18th, 2013 that could have a material effect on the resource estimate presented in this Document;

Prepared in St-Honoré-de-Chicoutimi the 18th of March 2013, amended and signed this 19th day of September 2013,

 

Signed & Sealed

  

Louis Grenier, geo. (OGQ, #800)

Exploration Geologist

Niobec inc. (IAMGOLD)

  

 

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  III

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

CERTIFICATE OF JEAN-FRANÇOIS TREMBLAY

As an author of this report, Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013 , I Jean-François Tremblay, do hereby certify that:

 

 

1.

I reside at 2972, St-Etienne, in city of Jonquière, province of Québec, Canada, G7S 1H6;

 

 

2.

I am registered professional geologist, member in good standing of Ordre des Géologues du Québec, (OGQ #958);

 

 

3.

I graduated from the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi in 1999 and have a Bachelor’s degree in Geology;

 

 

4.

I have practiced my profession as geologist in, mineral exploration, environment and mineral production over the last 12 years;

 

 

5.

I have been working for Falconbridge/Xstrata Nickel From 2000 and 2001 and from 2004 to 2009) as a project geologist and production geologist;

 

 

6.

As a Senior Geologist since March 2010, I am a full–time employee of IAMGOLD Corporation/Niobec Inc., Quebec, Canada and I own shares of IAMGOLD Corporation;

 

 

7.

I have been involved in 2011 the last tree reserves and resources Estimation for Niobium type mineralization, involve in 2011 rare earth resources calculation and in charge of the REE exploration 2011 drilling campaigns;

 

 

8.

As a full-time employee at Niobec mining site, 3 400 chemin du Columbium, St-Honoré de Chicoutimi, Québec, G1V 1L0, and Senior geologist, I daily visit the Niobec Inc. property and operation since march 2010;

 

 

9.

I am responsible for the Item 1 to 12 and 15 to 28 of the Technical Report titled: Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013 ;

 

 

10.

I have read the definition of “qualified person” set out in National Instrument 43-101 and certify that by reason of my education, registration as a professional geologist and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a “qualified person” for purposes of NI 43-101 -Per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(c);

 

 

11.

I am not independent of IAMGOLD Corporation as set out in Section 1.5 of National Instrument 43-101 -as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(f);

 

 

12.

I read the NI 43-101 and the technical report Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013, and certified that the technical report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101”—as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(h)];

 

 

13.

At the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, the report entitled: “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013“contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the technical report not misleading -as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(i).

 

 

14.

I am not aware of any new information on events occurring subsequent to March 18th, 2013 that could have a material effect on the resource estimates presented in this Document;

Prepared in St-Honoré-de-Chicoutimi the 18th of March 2013, amended and signed this 19th day of September 2013,

 

Signed & Sealed

  

Jean-Francois Tremblay, geo. (OGQ, #958)

Senior Geologist

Niobec inc. (IAMGOLD)

  

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  IV

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

CERTIFICATE OF REJEAN SIROIS

I, Réjean Sirois, Vice President, Geology and Resources, at G Mining Services Inc., 1950 Blvd Taschereau, D Building, Suite 200, Brossard, Québec J4X 1C2, hereby certify that regarding the technical report titled “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013 (the “Technical Report”) by the Company:

 

 

1.

I am a registered member of Ordre des Ingénieurs du Québec, # 38754;

 

 

2.

I am a member of the Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada, # 14892;

 

 

3.

I graduated from the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi in 1983 and have a Bachelor’s degree in Geological Engineering;

 

 

4.

I have practiced as a geological engineer since my graduation in exploration and mine geology. Over the last 27 years, I have completed numerous resource estimates for gold, silver, base metals and industrial minerals;

 

 

5.

I have been working for G Mining Services Inc. since September 2012 as Vice President, Geology and Resources. I have worked for Cambior/IAMGOLD for 25 years as senior geologist, chief geologist, geology superintendent, mine manager and as Manager – Mining Geology;

 

 

6.

I have visited all IAMGOLD`s projects and mines and I have a good understanding of their geological environment. The most recent personal inspection of the TREO project site was in June 2012;

 

 

7.

Denis Miville-Deschenes (SVP, Project Development) gave me the following mandate:

 

 

a)

Assessment of the various QPs (member of professional association recognized by NI 43-101 and pertinent experience in resource or reserve estimation);

 

 

b)

Assessment of the Mineral Resource & Mineral Reserve “MRMR” from each mine or project as December 31st, 2012;

 

 

c)

Make appropriate validation and checks to insure that the MRMR are in line with the CIM standard definitions for Resource and Reserve reporting and can be reproducible.

 

 

d)

Validate all the process and assumptions used for resource and reserve estimations and reporting.

 

 

e)

Prepare the corporate MRMR statements, the year-end report and sign-off on the IAMGOLD MRMR.

 

 

8.

At the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, the report entitled: “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013” contains all the necessary information that is required to be disclosed to make the reports not misleading.

 

 

9.

I am a “Qualified Person” according to the NI 43-101 definition;

 

 

10.

I am independent of IAMGOLD Corporation as set out in Section 1.5 of National Instrument 43-101.

 

 

11.

I am a full-time employee of G Mining Services Inc. and do not own shares of IAMGOLD Corporation.

 

 

12.

I am responsible for Items 13 and 14 and I have supervised the preparation of the entire technical report and the technical report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101.

 

 

13.

At the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, the report entitled: “Technical report NI 43-101, Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements, 2012, issued date March 18, 2013, amended 19th September 2013” contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the technical report not misleading -as per NI 43-101 s.8.1(2)(i).

 

 

14.

I am not aware of any new information on events occurring subsequent to March 18th, 2013 that could have a material effect on the resource estimates presented in this Document;

Effective on this 19th Day of September 2013

 

Signed & Sealed

  

Réjean Sirois, Ing.

Vice President, Geology and Resources

G Mining Services Inc.

  

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  V

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Item 1.

  

SUMMARY

     1   

Item 2.

  

INTRODUCTION

     4   

Item 3.

  

RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS

     4   
3.1     

Other Data Source

     4   
3.2     

Limited Responsibility of the Authors

     5   
3.3     

Reasonable data verification

     5   

Item 4.

  

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION

     5   
4.1     

Property location

     6   
4.2     

Property description

     7   
4.3     

Mining titles status

     9   

Item 5.

  

ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY

     12   
5.1     

Accessibility

     12   
5.2     

Local Resources and Infrastructures

     12   
5.3     

Climate and Physiography

     12   

Item 6.

  

History

     13   

Item 7.

  

GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION

     15   
7.1     

Regional Geology

     15   
7.2     

Property Geology

     18   
  

7.2.1 The St-Honoré alkaline complex

     19   
7.3     

Mineralization

     29   
  

7.3.1 REE mineralization general description

     29   
  

7.3.2 REE mineralized envelope

     30   

Item 8.

  

REE deposit Types

     34   
8.1     

REE Major deposit classes

     34   
8.2     

Carbonatite-associated deposits

     35   

Item 9.

  

EXPLORATION

     37   
9.1     

Scoping Study

     37   
9.2     

Prefeasibility study

     37   
9.3     

Other field work

     37   

Item 10.

  

Drilling

     40   
10.1   

Historical diamond drilling and statistics

     40   
10.2   

Drilling realized by IAMGOLD

     40   

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

10.3

  

Diamond drill hole summaries

     41   

10.4

  

Methodology

     43   

10.5

  

Drill hole description, 2012 REE exploration program

     44   

10.6

  

Drill holes results, 2012 REE exploration program

     46   

Item 11.

  

SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSES AND SECURITY

     52   

11.1

  

Sampling Method and Approach

     52   
  

11.1.1 CORE LOGGING

     52   
  

11.1.2 CORE SAMPLING

     53   

11.2

  

SAMPLE PREPARATION

     58   

11.3

  

ANALYSIS

     58   
  

11.3.1 ICM90A

     58   
  

11.3.2 ICPMS

     59   
  

11.3.3 I CP/OES

     59   

11.4

  

SAMPLE SECURITY

     60   

Item 12.

  

Data Verification

     60   

12.1

  

Verification with laboratory certificates

     60   

12.2

  

QA / QC program

     61   
  

12.2.1 Blank sample results and interpretation

     61   
  

12.2.2 OREAS 101a results and interpretation

     66   
  

12.2.3 OREAS 146 results and interpretation

     66   
  

12.2.4 GRE 02 results and interpretation

     76   

12.3

  

12.4 Historical Data Verification

     76   

Item 13.

  

MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING

     82   

13.1

  

Mineralogy

     82   

13.2

  

Metallurgical testwork

     82   

Item 14.

  

MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES

     82   

14.1

  

Presentation of the REE Zone Mineral Resources Estimates

     82   
  

14.1.1 Methodology

     84   
  

14.1.2 Domain and Volume

     86   
  

14.1.3 Specific Gravity (SG)

     87   
  

14.1.4 Block Model

     88   
  

14.1.5 Grade Interpolation

     90   
  

14.1.6 Classification

     93   
  

14.1.7 Mineral Resource Estimate Statement

     94   

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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14.1.8 Ressource Sensibility to cut off and elevation

     96   

Item 15.

  

Mineral reserves estimates

     100   

Item 16.

  

Mining methods

     100   

Item 17.

  

Recovery methods

     100   

Item 18.

  

Project infrastructure

     100   

Item 19.

  

Market studies and contracts

     101   

Item 20.

  

Environmental studies, permitting and social or community impact

     101   

Item 21.

  

Capital and operating costs

     101   

Item 22.

  

Economic analysis

     101   

Item 23.

  

ADJACENT PROPERTIES

     101   

Item 24.

  

OTHER RELAVANT DATA AND INFORMATION

     102   

Item 25.

  

INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS

     103   

25.1

  

Geological compilation:

     103   

25.2

  

Drilling

     103   

25.3

  

Mineral resources estimation – REE zone

     103   

Item 26.

  

Recommendations

     105   

26.1

  

Geological compilation and resources modelling

     105   

26.2

  

Mineralogical characterisation and metallurgy

     105   

26.3

  

Drilling

     105   

26.4

  

Cost estimate

     106   

Item 27.

  

REFERENCES

     107   

Item 28.

  

APPENDIX

     110   

 

 

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

FIGURES LIST

 

Figure 1: Niobec property location

     6   

Figure 2: Mining titles and accessibility

     8   

Figure 3: St-Honoré carbonatite complex and regional geology (modified from Belzile, 2008)

     17   

Figure 4: The Lapetan rift system (Fournier, 1993)

     18   

Figure 5: Geological compilation map of the St-Honoré Carbonatite Complex (modified from Soquem map 1978 and Niobec map 1986)

     21   

Figure 6: Geological schematic block diagram of the St-Honoré Carbonatite Complex (NW-SE cross section)

     22   

Figure 7: High grade mineralized envelope (>2% TREO)

     31   

Figure 8: Mineralized massive carbonatite (C1L)

     32   

Figure 9: Variation of the mineralized clusters composition with depth (Hole# 2012-REE-052)

     33   

Figure 10: Mineralized cluster composition. (Hole# 2012-REE-033; Bst = bastnaesite; Qz = quartz; Car = carbonate; Hem = hematite)

     33   

Figure 11: Mineralized carbonatite breccia facies (BRC1L)

     34   

Figure 12: Schematic section and plan view of a carbonatite complex (SIDEX.ca)

     36   

Figure 13: High resolution magnetic survey

     39   

Figure 14: Historical drill hole location, REEs exploration program

     42   

Figure 15: Drill holes locations, 2011 REEs exploration program

     42   

Figure 16: Drill holes locations, 2012 exploration program

     43   

Figure 17: 100m 100m drilling grid, 2012 REE exploration program

     45   

Figure 18: Sample lenght distribution, REE project

     53   

Figure 19: Core duplicate QA / QC report, REE project 2012

     56   

Figure 20: Blank QA / QC report, REE project 2012

     63   

Figure 21: OREAS 101a QA / QC report, REE project 2012

     67   

Figure 22: OREAS 146 QA / QC report, REE project 2012

     72   

Figure 23: GRE 02 QA / QC report, REE project 2012

     77   

Figure 24: 3D Shape of REE Zone (left) and Niobec mine (right)

     87   

Figure 25: Histogram of 777 Density Measures

     88   

Figure 26: TREO indicated resources search ellipse and variography (9900 Level)

     92   

Figure 27: TREO inferred resource search ellipse and variography (9900 Level)

     92   

Figure 28: Resource classification, typical section view

     94   

 

 

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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TABLES LIST

 

Table 1: Mineral resource estimate

     3   

Table 2: Mining titles status. (Property Claims = CDC and CL; Mining leases = BM)

     9   

Table 3: Previous exploration drilling, Niobec property

     15   

Table 4: Paragenetic sequence for the REE Zone minerals (Fournier, 1993)

     30   

Table 5: Historical diamond drilling on the REEs zone

     40   

Table 6: Drill holes summaries, 2012 REE exploration program

     41   

Table 7: Drill hole results summary, 2012 REE exploration campaign

     47   

Table 8: Blank and standard samples values (ppm)

     55   

Table 9: Internal quality control for sample preparation by SGS Ontario

     58   

Table 10: Elements analyzed by ICM 90A

     59   

Table 11: Reporting limits for REE by IMS91B analysis technic

     60   

Table 12: QA / QC summary, REE exploration program

     62   

Table 13: Summary of Blanks results, REE project 2012

     64   

Table 14: Summary of the OREAS 101a QA / QC results, REE project 2012

     69   

Table 15: Summary of the OREAS 146 QA / QC results, REE exploration project

     73   

Table 16: Summary of the GRE-02 QA / QC results

     79   

Table 17: Resource Estimate

     83   

Table 18: Statistics summary of the original assay intervals used in the 2012 resource estimation

     84   

Table 19: Composites statistics summary used in 2012 resource estimation

     85   

Table 20: Variography statistics

     86   

Table 21: REE zone block model parametres (Exploration metres)

     88   

Table 22: Block model coding

     89   

Table 23: Block model attributes

     89   

Table 24: Interpolation rules

     91   

Table 25: Resource Estimate

     95   

Table 26: REE Indicated mineral resources by grade groups

     96   

Table 27: REE Inferred mineral resources by grade groups

     97   

Table 28: REE Indicated mineral resources by depth

     98   

Table 29: REE Inferred mineral resources by depth

     99   

Table 30: 2012 REE resources and reserves estimation

     104   

Table 31:presented a cost estimate for three items discussed above

     106   

 

 

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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APPENDICES LIST

 

Appendix 1: Main section view and plan view, REE zone 2012

     111   

Appendix 2: Eon Geoscience Inc. report

     126   

 

 

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Item 1. SUMMARY

In 2012, the geological team of Niobec Inc., a subsidiary of IAMGOLD Corporation Inc., acted as the operator of the Rare Earth Elements (REE) exploration project. The exploration program results and the mineral resources performed on the REE zone are published in a Technical Report complying with the National Instrument 43-101. The authors of the report are Louis Grenier, Geo. and Jean-François Tremblay, Geo. respectively exploration geologist and senior geologist at Niobec mine site. Réjean Sirois, P.Eng., of G. Mining Services Inc. undertook the role of Qualified Person for the work program and the current mineral resource estimate. All data sources come from the surface drilling done in 2011 and 2012, the underground drilling (S-3607) and the historical data since 1968, time of the discovery. The technical information in this report is based upon the information found in the March 18, 2013 technical report of IAMGOLD Corporation entitled “NI 43-101 Technial Report, Surface diamond drilling exploration program for rare earth elements, 2012”. No new technical information is included in this report. This report presents individual grades of the relevant rare earth oxides that form part of the mineral resource.

The Niobec property, which contains the REE zone in a carbonatite complex (St Honoré carbonatite complex), is located thirteen kilometres North of Ville de Saguenay (Chicoutimi), in the limits of the municipality of Saint-Honoré, in the Simard Township, Quebec. This property, held 100% by Niobec Inc., consists of 2 mining leases and 179 claims for 8,010.85 ha. An agreement dated August 31st, 2011 between Niobec Inc. and IAMGOLD granted to IAMGOLD 100% of the beneficial rights to all the non-niobium mineral rights located on the property (including the rights to the REE’s).

The St-Honoré carbonatite complex (SHCC) was discovered by SOQUEM (“Société Québécoise d’Exploration Minière”) in 1967. The SHCC is host in a Precambrian rocks (the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean anorthosite complex) belonging to the Grenville orogenic province of the Canadian Shield (Figure. 3).

This annular intrusive mass, which is almost completely covered by the Trenton limestone of Paleozoic age, is elliptical in planview. The North-East major axial lengthen approximately 3 kilometres and the intrusive covered a surface of about 8 km². Dated by Potassium-Argon (K-Ar) to be 650 my old, the SHCC is part of the igneous alkaline activity related to a tectonic extension event known as Lapetan rift system of the end of Precambrian.

This Alkaline complex is composed of a central carbonatite core, surrounded by an alkaline syenite, a feldspathoid bearing syenite and syenitic foidites (Ijolites and Urtites). The Greenville basement, constituted in this area by pyroxene syenites, Diorites (with hypersthene or magnetite), syeno-diorite with aegyrine and pyroxene gneiss, is highly fenitized near the contact with the SHCC.

The carbonatite core comprises concentric lenses of calcitites (Sovites) and dolomitites (rauhaugites), interpreted as cones sheets and ring dykes. These units consist of a series of crescentric lenses of carbonatite with compositions younging progressively inwards from calcitite

 

 

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through dolomitite to ferro-carbonatite. The massive to brecciated ferrocarbonatite, which form the central core, contains the REE mineralization, mainly as REE fluorocarbonates and monazite. The mineralization is disseminated between the dolomite crystal phase in the massive facies or form part of the breccia cement in the brecciated facies. REE mineralization is associated with hematite, chlorite, ferroan dolomite, minor thorite, ilmenorutile and pyrite.

The property has been explored since its discovery in 1967 by SOQUEM and SOQUEM & Associates until 1986. Approximately 3500 metres of diamond drill holes have been realized on the REE Zone. The REE mineralization and its economic aspects were identified.

In 2011, IAMGOLD CORPORATION undertook a first 13,798 m drill reconnaissance campaign (29 drill holes) to a depth of 400 m. Added to the SOQUEM drill holes, a first resource estimation of 466.8 million tonnes at a grade of 1.65% total rare earth oxides (TREO) was reported by P.J. Lafleur Geo-Conseil Inc., in March 2012. In 2012, exploration and definition drilling added 23, 851 m (33 drill holes) and tested the REE zone to a depth of 1,200 m.

The drill program conducted by the company on the REE zone aimed to define the three dimensional geometry of the REE zone, upgrade some inferred into indicated resources, extend the inferred resources to the depth of 700 m, provide samples for metallurgical test work and increased the REE mineralization knowledge. The drill program was completed on a 100 by 100 metres grid down to 400 m and on a 100 by 200 metres grid down to 700 metres. Three holes exceeded 1,000 metres in total length, and reach a maximum length of 1,337 metres. The two deepest holes demonstrated that the REE zone persists uninterrupted at depth, although the resource estimate is reported only to a depth of 700 metres below surface.

Based on these new drilling results, a resource estimate was prepared by Réjean Sirois, Eng., an independent Qualified Person, Vice President, Geology & Resources at G. Mining Services Inc., Brossard, Quebec. The REE resource corresponds to an enriched zone of Light REEs (LREE) which is characteristic of this annular carbonatite type. LREEs comprise 98.3% of the weight of the Total REEs (TREE), with the remaining 1.7% Heavy REEs (HREE) that could potentially add significant economic value. The REE zone is estimated using a cut off grade of 0.5% TREO at 531.4 Million tonnes of Indicated resources at an average grade of 1.64% Total Rare Earth Oxides (TREO) and an Inferred Resources of 527.2 Million tonnes at an average grade of 1.83% TREO, to an approximately depth of 700 metres below surface (as on Table 1).

 

 

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Table 1: Mineral resource estimate

 

    REE Zone Resource Mineral Estimate (cut off @ 0.5% TREO)  
                            Light REO     Heavy REO  
    Tonnes
Millions
    Grade
%
TREO
    TREO
Cont.
Millions kg
    HREO
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
    Er2O3
(ppm)
    Ho2O3
(ppm)
    Yb2O3
(ppm)
    Tm2O3
(ppm)
    Lu2O3
(ppm)
 

Measured

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —                   

Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Measured and Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Inferred

    527.2        1.83        9,651.7        277        8046        4298        2968        869        314        141        67        37        12        8        5        5        1        1   

 

1.

CIM definitions were followed for Mineral Resources Classification

2.

Mineral Resource were estimated by Réjean Sirois, ing. Vice President, Geology and Resources, G Mining Services Inc.

3.

Mineral Resource are estimated at a cut-off grade of 0.5% TREO

4.

Estimated resource is enclosed within the core of the carbonatite complex and are confined between the bedrock and 700 meters below surface

5.

Numbers may not add due to rounding

 

 

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Item 2. INTRODUCTION

This report was prepared by the Niobec mine site geological team and summarized the 2012 works conducted on the Rare Earth Elements exploration project for IAMGOLD Corporation. The surface diamond drilling exploration program was achieved about 1 km North of the underground Niobec mine activities, St-Honoré, Quebec. Based on the mining and the metallurgical knowledge, the exploration focused on delimiting and characterizing the rare earth elements mineralized zone while defining and increasing the mineral resources.

Geological data in this report comes from different sources. Over the 35 years of mining at Niobec, internal documents (internal Gems database, internal report, MRNFQ GM filed, historical maps and drilling data, etc.), provided numerous information to the geology department. All the references are available in the Item 23. This report is the results of a compilation and interpretation of the geological description and the geochemical analysis of thirty three new surface diamond drill holes completed in 2012 in a well-known geological environment.

The main authors of the report are M Louis Grenier, Geo. and M Jean-François-Tremblay, Geo., respectively exploration geologist and senior geologist for IAMGOLD on Niobec site. Both supervised all the REEs exploration project operation, conducted by Niobec employees and specialized contractors on mine site, and are responsible for the Item 1 to 28 , except Items 13 and 14, of the report. Réjean Sirois, Eng., Vice President Geology and Resources at G. Mining Services Inc. is responsible for the Item 13 and 14) and supervise the entire report. . All three persons above are qualified persons (QP) according to the NI 43-101 guidelines.

Item 3. RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS

3.1 Other Data Source

The technical material considered in the present report is based on the existing data produced by IAMGOLD. This material includes a technical report complying with the NI 43-101 published in 2009, 2011 and 2012 relating to the Niobec mine, a technical report complying with the NI 43-101 published in 2012 relating to the REEs zone and various other technical reports regarding the St-Honoré Carbonatite Complex hosting the niobium and REEs depots. Item 23 provides a full list of reference documents used in preparing this report. In the production of this NI 43-101 technical report, the authors has relied on the data collected essentially by new drilling on the REEs zone in 2011-2012 and by producing an updated compilation of geological data. Item 13 is based on limited testing for processing methods led by Pierre Pelletier, Eng., working for IAMGOLD.

 

 

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3.2 Limited Responsibility of the Authors

The authors responsibility are limited to making a statement about the mineral resources estimation based on the original data and by applying the best method to create its models. There is no mine plan to estimate the mineral reserves at this stage.

The authors had found the quality of the data to be in good standing. There is no reason to doubt or further investigate its validity based on the evidence available at the time of writing this report. The present report intends to comply with the NI 43-101 rules regarding the production of a Technical Report.

The authors are acting as technical experts in the area of geology and mining only. They has limited legal or financial expertise applied to exploration and mining.

3.3 Reasonable data verification

The authors did verify the data available to them for inconsistencies and database entry errors and applied standard statistical methods commonly used in the exploration and mining industry to characterize the data. Topographic plans, mine plans and maps showing the property limits were used to determine the volume of resources available, but the authors did not verify completely the source of information or the legal status of the property, including the rights to own, explore and extract ore material from the site. The authors are not aware of the existence of any claims on the property due to financial grievances (bankruptcy, mortgage, debts, etc.), liabilities or responsibilities due to environment rules, policies or claims to impeach the development of the project.

The authors’ knowledge of the region satisfied that the geographic, topographic and geologic information used in this report is correct. The results and opinions expressed in this report are dependent on the accuracy of the geological and legal information’s mentioned above, which are up to date and complete at the date of publication of the report. It is understood that no information susceptible to influence the conclusion of the present report were withheld from the study. The authors assert the right, but not the obligation, to modify this report and its conclusions if new information is presented after the date of publication.

Item 4. PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION

This item is partially summarized from the NI43-101 of February 2009 and March 2011, after validation for the mining titles status from the “Ministère des Ressources naturelles et de la Faune” (MRNF. Web site: www.mrn.gouv.qc.ca).

 

 

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4.1 Property location

The Niobec property, which contains the REE Zone and the Niobec mine, is located thirteen kilometres north of Ville de Saguenay (Chicoutimi), in the limits of the municipality of St-Honoré, in Simard Township, Quebec (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Niobec property location

 

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4.2 Property description

The Niobec property is held 100% by Niobec Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of IAMGOLD Corporation.

The Niobec mine is located on a property of 8,010.85 hectares comprising two mining leases, No 663 and 706 (with surface area of 79.9 and 49.5 hectares respectively), and 179 claims totaling 7,881.4 hectares. The property was enlarged in 2010 with the acquisition of all rights into 23 claims. In 2011 and 2012, for the purpose of the Niobec Expansion project, 113 news claims were acquired principally on the North and the West area of the mining leases. The mining leases have been renewed until 2015 (Figure 2). At the end of December 2012, four claims were suspended because they were under a new mining leases request at the MRNF.

 

 

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Figure 2: Mining titles and accessibility

 

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4.3 Mining titles status

Table 2 describes the Claims and Leases of the Niobec Property, with their location shown on Figure 2. This information was taken from the Quebec Ministry of Natural Resources website http://www.mrnf.gouv.qc.ca/mines/titres/titres-gestim.jsp., with the registration certificates received by the company and validated by the authors as of December 2012.

Table 2: Mining titles status. (Property Claims = CDC and CL; Mining leases = BM)

 

NTS

Sheet

  

Type
of

title

   Title
no.
    

Status

   Registration
date
     Expiry
date
     Surface
(Ha)
    

Registered owner

(name, number and

percentage)

22D11

  

BM

     663      

Active

     19750116         20150115         79.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

BM

     706      

Active

     19800605         20150604         49.52      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         42.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         7.41      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         8.42      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         9.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         10.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         11.63      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219814      

Active

     20100105         20140104         12.34      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         13.34      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         14.31      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         15.29      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         16.27      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         0.54      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         17.26      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         11.14      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         41.07      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.05      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219815      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.05      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219816      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.05      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219816      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.05      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219816      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219816      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219816      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     219816      

Active

     20100105         20140104         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     231429      

Active

     20110930         20130929         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     231429      

Active

     20110930         20130929         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     231429      

Active

     20110930         20130929         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     231430      

Active

     20110930         20130929         57      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     231430      

Active

     20110930         20130929         57      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233070      

Active

     20120125         20140124         8.54      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233609      

Active

     20120316         20140315         56.98      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233609      

Active

     20120316         20140315         56.98      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233609      

Active

     20120316         20140315         56.98      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233609      

Active

     20120316         20140315         9.48      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233609      

Active

     20120316         20140315         8.75      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233610      

Active

     20120316         20140315         7.37      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233610      

Active

     20120316         20140315         6.42      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233610      

Active

     20120316         20140315         5.46      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233610      

Active

     20120316         20140315         4.5      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233610      

Active

     20120316         20140315         3.55      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     233610      

Active

     20120316         20140315         2.56      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         41.68      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         30.07      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         15.8      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         10.61      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         11.59      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         39.97      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

 

 

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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NTS

Sheet

  

Type
of

title

   Title
no.
    

Status

   Registration
date
     Expiry
date
     Surface
(Ha)
    

Registered owner

(name, number and

percentage)

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         22.11      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         3.34      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234143      

Active

     20120418         20140417         7.36      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234144      

Active

     20120418         20140417         2.38      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234594      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234594      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234594      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234594      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234594      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234594      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.98      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.92      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.92      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.92      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.92      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234595      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.92      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     234596      

Active

     20120522         20140521         56.92      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235041      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235041      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235041      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235041      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235041      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235041      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.95      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235042      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.94      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.93      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.97      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235043      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.97      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.97      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.97      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.96      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.96      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.96      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.96      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235044      

Active

     20120611         20140610         56.96      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235188      

Active

     20120619         20140618         57      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235188      

Active

     20120619         20140618         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235188      

Active

     20120619         20140618         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235194      

Active

     20120620         20140619         57      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235194      

Active

     20120620         20140619         57      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235194      

Active

     20120620         20140619         57      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  10

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


LOGO

  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

NTS

Sheet

  

Type
of

title

   Title
no.
    

Status

   Registration
date
     Expiry
date
     Surface
(Ha)
    

Registered owner

(name, number and

percentage)

22D11

  

CDC

     235195      

Active

     20120620         20140619         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235200      

Active

     20120620         20140619         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235200      

Active

     20120620         20140619         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235204      

Active

     20120621         20140620         56.99      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235204      

Active

     20120621         20140620         56.98      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235352      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.05      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235352      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235352      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235352      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235353      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235353      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235353      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235353      

Active

     20120629         20140628         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235353      

Active

     20120629         20140628         47.32      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235360      

Active

     20120703         20140702         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235360      

Active

     20120703         20140702         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     235546      

Active

     20120718         20140717         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236614      

Active

     20121009         20141008         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236614      

Active

     20121009         20141008         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236614      

Active

     20121009         20141008         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236616      

Active

     20121009         20141008         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236951      

Active

     20121106         20141105         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236951      

Active

     20121106         20141105         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236951      

Active

     20121106         20141105         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     236951      

Active

     20121106         20141105         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     237254      

Active

     20121210         20141209         57.05      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     237254      

Active

     20121210         20141209         57.04      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     237254      

Active

     20121210         20141209         57.03      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     237255      

Active

     20121210         20141209         57.02      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CDC

     237255      

Active

     20121210         20141209         57.01      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     268760      

Active

     19671026         20130913         20      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271207      

Active

     19671026         20130913         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271212      

Active

     19671026         20130914         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271321      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271322      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271322      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271323      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271323      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271324      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271324      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271325      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271325      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271336      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271337      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271337      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271344      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271345      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271345      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271346      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271346      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271347      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271347      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271348      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271348      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271349      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271349      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271354      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271354      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271355      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271355      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  11

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


LOGO

  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

NTS

Sheet

  

Type
of

title

   Title
no.
    

Status

   Registration
date
     Expiry
date
     Surface
(Ha)
    

Registered owner

(name, number and

percentage)

22D11

  

CL

     271356      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271356      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271357      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271362      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271362      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271363      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271363      

Active

     19671026         20130924         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271364      

Active

     19671026         20130925         40      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     504459      

Active

     19891123         20131122         20      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     268760      

Suspended

     19671026         20130913         21.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271207      

Suspended

     19671026         20130913         21.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271320      

Suspended

     19671026         20130924         21.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

22D11

  

CL

     271320      

Suspended

     19671026         20130924         21.4      

Niobec inc. (88562) 100 %

     

 

 

             

 

 

    

TOTAL :

        181      

Titles

           8010.85      

ha

     

 

 

             

 

 

    

Item 5. ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY

This item 5 is from NI43-101 Technical Report Niobec Mine 2009 (Belzile E., 2009).

5.1 Accessibility

The Niobec mine is readily accessible by existing paved roads and benefits from available water supply and electric power supply sources. The Niobec mine facilities include a head frame, a pyrochlore-to-niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) concentrator, a concentrate-to-ferroniobium converter and ancillary surface installations.

5.2 Local Resources and Infrastructures

Niobec mine is close to Ville de Saguenay with a population of about 150,000. The city is serviced several times a day by regional airlines from Montreal. It is about a two hours’ drive to Quebec City and five hours to Montreal. Schools (up to University), Hospitals, Governmental services, suppliers and manpower are all available in Ville de Saguenay and at some villages in the vicinity.

5.3 Climate and Physiography

Topography is relatively flat in the vicinity of the mine with an average altitude of 144 metres above sea level. The mine is surrounded by a mix of forest and farms.

The climate of Ville de Saguenay area is temperate with warm summers and cold winters. The mean annual temperature is 2.3°C, with average daily temperatures ranging from -16.1°C in January to +18.1°C in July. The average total annual precipitation is 951 mm, peaking in July (123 mm) and at a minimum in February (51 mm). Snow falls from October to April, with most occurring between November and March. Peak snowfall occurs in December, averaging 82 cm (equivalent to 67 mm of water).

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  12

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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The information is based on data collected at the Bagotville meteorological station between 1971 and 2000, as reported by the CRIACC (www.CRIACC.qc.ca).

Item 6. History

Following a regional airborne radiometric survey in search for uranium in 1967, Soquem (Société Québécoise d’Exploration Minière) detected a high-intensity radiometric anomaly near St-Honoré, Quebec (Vallée and al., 1969).

Detailed exploration confirmed the radiometric anomaly (high value of thorium and presence of REE) and revealed a carbonate rock locally poor in REE and radioactive elements. The association of these features with a large roughly circular magnetic anomaly suggested the existence of a large carbonatite and alkaline rock intrusive complex. This anomaly was centered on the core of the complex, now referred to as the REE Zone, and a second radiometric anomaly on the syenite intrusive outcropping through the limestones, southeast of the carbonatite (Vallée and al., 1969).

Magnetic and radiometric anomalies were outlined by geophysical prospecting and, subsequently drilled to delineate two zones of economic concentrations of niobium and one REE enrichment zone.

In 1970, Copperfield Mining joined Soquem to explore and develop this project. Twenty one kilometres of diamond drill holes were realized until 1973 to recognize and delineate the two niobium zones. In parallel, five short drill holes (“Série 700” of REE Zone) totaling 706 metres have been realized between 1968 and 1970 on the Central radiometric and magnetic anomaly allowing the discovery of REE mineralization, grading 1.87% TREO1.

In 1974, after 700 bench scale tests, 11 months of pilot plant operation and worldwide market research, a joint decision was taken to initiate the development of 1500 t/day, Niobium mine and mill, under the management of Teck Corporation. The construction was completed in early 1976 both on time and within budget.

In 1975, parallel to the Niobium mine development, 8 drill holes (“Série 800”) totaling about 958 metres realized on the central core allowed to recognize the REE Zone, particularly in its north-east part. The recognized REE mineralization gives an average of 5973 ppm in Lanthanides, equivalent to 2.8% TREO2.

In 1978, 2 drill holes touched the southern edge of the REE Zone (total of 672 metres) while Soquem was drill testing some exploration targets at the scale of the carbonatite.

 

 

1 

In 1970, Vallée & Dubuc reported only 3 drill holes and 328 metres of drilling for that period.

2 

In 1986, Dénommé & al reported only 6 drill holes over 585 metres averaging 0.69% La2O3 for 1975.

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

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2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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In 1985, three deep drill holes (“Série 85”) totaling 1566 metres have been realized with the aim to extend the recognition on the whole central core, to locate a mineralization with coarser grains of lanthanide and to draw-up a detailed inventory of the various element of lanthanides. This campaign allowed to define a depth limit of 60m for the hematitic weathered facies, to outline lanthanide rich zones (>2%) in the central part and to recognize the same lanthanides mineralogy and grain size down below the weathered hematitic facies (Bastnaesite and monazite in fine needles or in reddish brown-purple accumulations) (Dénommé & al, 1986).

In 1986, Cambior Inc. acquired the Soquem share in the mine and in 2001 Teck Corporation sold their interest to Mazarin Inc. of Quebec City. In December 2003, Sequoia Minerals Inc. was created as the result of a corporate reorganization of the Mazarin Inc. operations whereby the metal and industrial minerals segment (niobium, dolomite and graphite) became a separate corporation (Sequoia).

In 2004, Sequoia Minerals Inc. shareholders voted in favor of a takeover offer by Cambior Inc., clearing the way for the company to take full ownership of North America’s only niobium mine.

In September 2006, IAMGOLD Corporation and Cambior announced their merge to create a new entity. IAMGOLD Corporation Inc. owns 100% of the Niobec mine since November 2006.

In September 2011, Niobec Inc., a 100% IAMGOLD Corporation owned company, is created. Niobec Inc. is the operator of Niobec mine and the owner of the beneficial right of the niobium mineral. In August 31st, an agreement between Niobec Inc. and IAMGOLD granted to IAMGOLD 100% of the beneficial rights to all the non-niobium mineral rights located on the property (including the rights to the REE’s).

In 2011, after a long quiet period, REEs became in short supply and prices reached historic highs. A new economic interest for the REE Zone by IAMGOLD-Niobec Inc. boosted the exploration interest by the realization of a first drilling campaign of 29 drill holes totaling 13,798 metres to evaluate the REE resources.

In 2012, the exploration program is pursued. A total of 33 new drill holes for 23,851 metres help defined the three dimensional REEs mineralisation geometry, upgrading the majority of the 2011 inferred resources into indicated category, extend the inferred resources to the depth of 700 metres below surface, provide samples for metallurgical test work and increased the REE mineralization knowledge.

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  14

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

Table 3: Previous exploration drilling, Niobec property.

 

Year

  

Area

   Total
Holes
     Total
Metres
    

Hole numbers

  

Comments

1967

  

REE Zone

     2         54.86      

B802-701, B802-702

  

First holes on the surface Rare Earth Elements discovery

1968

  

REE Zone & Niobec deposit

     14         2,291      

782-701 ext, 782-703 to 715

  

Follow-up on the REE Zone & discovery of the Niobec deposit

1969

  

Niobec deposit

     5         1,493      

782-716 to 782-720

  

Resource development drilling

1971

  

Niobec deposit

     72         21,301      

782-721 to 778; 782-101 to 114

  

Resource development drilling

1972

  

Niobec deposit

     3         1,214      

782-115, 116 & 779 (shaft pilot hole)

  

Resource development drilling & Shaft pilot hole - Feasibility study to develop an underground mine initiated

1973

  

Niobec deposit

     8         2,901      

782-780 to 787, & 782-763 ext.

  

Resource development drilling

1978

  

REE Zone

     8         957      

782-801 to 808

  

REE Zone

1978

  

Property

     13         3,294      

782-901 to 913

  

Property-wide exploration program

1980

  

Niobec deposit

     15         7,978      

E-001 to E-015

  

Exploration in deposit extensions - West & East

1980

  

Property

     3         935      

782-915, 916, 917

  

Exploration of Niobium satellite zone

1985

  

REE Zone (deep)

     3         1,566      

85-1 to 85-3

  

REE Zone (deep)

2003

  

Niobec deposit

     1         401      

E-2003-1

  

Exploration of Niobec deposit extensions - South

2011

  

Niobec deposit

     15         9,345      

2011-NB-001 to 2011-NB-015

  

Exploration of Niobec deposit extensions – East & West

2011

  

REE Zone

     29         13,798      

2011-REE-001 to 2011-REE-028 and S-3607

  

Exploration of the REE zone

2012

  

Niobec deposit

     3         1,833      

2011-NB-015 to 2011-NB-017

  

Condemnation drilling for future expansion project

2012

  

REE Zone

     33         23,851      

2011-REE-029 to  2011-REE-061

  

Exploration and resources development of the REE zone.

     

 

 

    

 

 

       

TOTAL

        227         93,217      

metres

  
     

 

 

    

 

 

       

Item 7. GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION

7.1 Regional Geology

The Saguenay region is mainly composed of Precambrian rocks (Figure. 3) belonging to the Grenville orogenic province of the Canadian Shield (Roy, 1977; Laurin and Sharma, 1975; Jooste, 1958; Denis, 1937). The metamorphism reached the upper amphibolite-granulite facies and at least three generations of folds are superimposed. More recently, the Grenville province was divided three distinct lithostructural units (modified from Belzile, 2009):

 

 

The first Unit constitutes a gneiss complex that is divided in three Groups (Groups I, II and III) based on increasing structural complexity from the youngest to the oldest Group. All the rocks from the Group I have been migmatized and deformed during the Hudsonian Orogeny (1,735 million years ago).

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  15

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


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The second Unit is represented by anorthosite and charnockite-mangerite batholiths showing well preserved igneous structures and textures. Anorthosite which range from pre- to post Greenvillian age, are regarded as evidence of crustal extension, the Neohelikian extensional tectonics, which continued during the Grenville Orogeny, 935 million years ago. The mangerites are believed to have been generated by partial melting of the lower crust by the anorthosite bodies, and forms the host rocks of the St-Honoré carbonatite complex.

 

 

The third Unit is characterized by calc-alkaline intrusions that cross-cut the host rocks. The mineralogy of these intrusions is of superior amphibolite facies. At the beginning of the Palaeozoic (or end of the Precambrian), a younger episode of rifting, south of the Neohelikian rift, referred to as the Lapetan Rift System, resulted in the development of the St-Lawrence River rift system (Figure 4). This tectonic extension event incorporated normal faulting, updoming and igneous alkaline activity (Kumarapeli, 1974), including emplacement of the St-Honoré carbonatite.

The St-Honore carbonatite is dated by Potassium-Argon (K-Ar) to be 650 million years old (Vallée and al., 1969).

 

 

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Figure 3: St-Honoré carbonatite complex and regional geology (modified from Belzile, 2008)

 

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Figure 4: The Lapetan rift system (Fournier, 1993)

 

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7.2 Property Geology

The St.-Honoré alkaline complex is located 13 km NW of Chicoutimi and 5 km West of the town of St.-Honoré. Only few areas of outcrops have been mapped and the intrusive mass is almost completely covered by flat-lying Trenton limestone of Paleozoic age. The core carbonatite intrusion can be interpreted by its regional low magnetic signature and confirmed by numerous exploration drill holes. The intrusion is elliptical in planview, with a north-east major axial length of approximately four kilometres and a surface of about 25 square kilometres.

This alkaline complex intrudes the Grenville basement constituted in this area by pyroxene syenites, diorites (with hypersthene or magnetite), syeno-diorite with aegyrine and pyroxene gneiss (Fortin, 1977).

Carbonatization of the country rocks is interpreted to be a metasomatic alteration product related to the carbonatite complex intrusion (Fortin 1977). This Fenitization is evident from the occurrences of sodic-amphiboles and aegyrine in the host rock, and associated green and red carbonates veinlets (Fortin, 1977).

This carbonatite is known as the host of two individual deposits:

 

 

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Niobium deposit in the south part of the carbonatite, which constitute the principal Niobec mine;

 

 

 

REE Zone mineralized in lanthanides elements, located in the central part of the carbonatite.

7.2.1 The St-Honoré alkaline complex

7.2.1.1 Geological Highlights

The first complete geological map, using the different geophysical surveys and drill holes data realized between 1967 and 1975, has been produced by Soquem geologists (Gauthier.A and al.) in 1978. This map, based on petrographic and geochemical studies which allow the definition of the different carbonatite terms (Fortin, 1977), has been actualized and reinterpreted in 1986 by Niobec Mine geology staff using the additional drill holes data realized by Soquem in 1985.

The geological compilation map of Figure 5 is the result of a synthesis of these entire maps and the drill holes data since 1967.

The Alkaline complex is composed by a central carbonatite core, surrounded by mainly an alkaline syenite, a feldspathoid bearing syenite and syenitic foidites (Ijolites and urtites) (Fortin, 1977; Figure 5). The contact of this complex with the country rocks is marked by a phlogopite calcitite in the northern part and in the southern part by the presence of a cancrinite bearing syenite (Dénommé, 1986).

A chronology has been established for this Alkaline complex as follow from older to younger (Fortin, 1977):

Ijolite - Urtite - Foidites syenite – Feldspathoid syenite – Alkaline syenite – Lamprophyre - Carbonatite

Following a petrographic and geochemical study (Fortin, 1977) of different drill holes cores realized in the carbonatite by Soquem (Gagnon and al., 1973), different carbonatite units with different geochemical characteristics have been established. Four Sovites (Calcitites) types and three Rauhaugites (dolomitites) types have been recognized and constitute the different units of the carbonatite core. These units consist of a series of crescent shape lenses of carbonatite with younger compositions progressively inwards from calcitite through dolomitite to ferro-carbonatite (Fortin, 1997). This evolution is attested by the numerous xenolithes of the alkali syenite rocks in the carbonate at the scale complex and at a smaller scale between the different carbonates facies themselves.

 

 

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7.2.1.2 St-Honoré Carbonatite Complex Geometry

The St-Honoré carbonatite complex is composed by a central carbonatite core, surrounded by mainly an alkaline syenite, a feldspathoid bearing syenite and syenitic foidites (Ijolites and urtites), where the elliptical carbonatite core is oriented mainly northeast-southwest (Fortin, 1977). From the center to the periphery (Figure 5), this core includes (Modified from Fortin, 1977):

 

 

 

An eccentric core of brecciated dolomitite and ankeritite (C1), containing up to 4.5% total rare-earth elements as Cerium, Lanthanum, Neodynum, Prasaeodymium and Europium in fine-grained fluorocarbonates minerals (Bastnaesite, Synchisite and Parasite (Fournier, 1993),

 

 

 

Two low REE and niobium dolomitite in small masses north and south of the brecciated core (C2) and probably a cone sheet of a syenite (S1) to the west,

 

 

 

Ring dyke of a low-grade niobium and rare-earth dolomitite (C5) in the north, east and west part,

 

 

 

Cone sheet of a high-grade niobium (>0.4% Nb2O) white to pink dolomitites with apatite and magnetite in the southern sector (C3) enclosing a mega-xenolith of syenite in its southern limit,

 

 

 

Cone sheet of pink dolomitites and calcitites (C5’), with high grade niobium mineralization, magnetite, phlogopite and apatite,

 

 

 

Cone sheet of a barren red feldspathic dolomitite (C9) south of the mine area (C5),

 

 

 

A cone-sheet of phlogopite calcitite at the northern extremity, with disseminated apatite (C4),

 

 

 

A cone sheet of pyroxene calcitite, with disseminated apatite in variable thickness, at the southern limit of the core (C6),

 

 

 

A circular outer ring containing feldspathic and feldspathoidal alkaline rocks mainly syenite (S1), urtite and ijolite,

 

 

 

A triangular mass of cancrinite (Na-Ca-Al-silicate and carbonate mineral) and garnet syenite encountered at the extreme southeast part of the complex (S2).

 

 

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Figure 5: Geological compilation map of the St-Honoré Carbonatite Complex (modified from Soquem map 1978 and Niobec map 1986).

 

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Figure 6: Geological schematic block diagram of the St-Honoré Carbonatite Complex (NW-SE cross section)

 

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Beside these ring-dykes and cone-sheets, numerous calcitic and dolomitic dykes, cogenetic to the dolomitite and calcitite cone-sheets, have been cross-cut by Soquem drill holes (Fortin, 1977).

Regarding the dip of these different ring-dykes and cones-sheets constituting this carbonatite complex, besides the shallow exploration drill holes data of Soquem interpreted with a 70° dipping structures (Vallée and al., 1969), mine drill holes data (surface and underground), show to a depth of 800m, a sub-vertical to 70° dipping to the north of the Mine carbonatite structures (C5 and C3).

Considering the concentric structure of this carbonatite complex, a conical geometry with a strong dip of the different units toward the center of the cones remains the more probable scheme for this carbonatite complex.

A northwest-southeast schematic geological cross section has been established, to better visualize and understand the spatial internal organization of the St-Honoré carbonatite complex (Figure 6).

7.2.1.3 The Carbonatite complex Zoning

Following the petro-geochemical study of the carbonatite complex (Fortin, 1977), zoning seems to manifest itself between the different facies units of the carbonatite regarding their geochemical composition and their chronology:

 

 

 

The carbonatite complex has a reniform shape consisting of a central portion of carbonatic rocks enclosed in an alkaline syenite;

 

 

 

The age of the different units of the syenite show a chronologic evolution in the following magmatic suite from “Ijolite-Urtite-Foidite (to) syenite-Feldspathoidic syenite (to) Alkali syenite-Lamprophyre-Carbonatite”;

 

 

 

The age of the different units of carbonates decreasing progressively inwards from alkali syenite, calcitite through dolomitite to ferro-carbonatite;

 

 

 

The carbonatite comprises concentric lens which evolved from calcitite through dolomitite, to a brecciated core of ferrocarbonatite;

 

 

 

The carbonatite shows an outward inward carbonate evolution expressed mineralogically by the suite “calcite- dolomite- ankerite-siderite”,

In spite of the similarities with other carbonatite complexes, (1) such as the presence of a carbonatite core bordered by a syenite in Oka, (2) zonality between calcitite and dolomitite as in Firesand carbonatite (Superior province, Ontario), the St-Honoré carbonatite complex is different by the absence of ultramafic rocks as in Oka (Fortin, 1977).

 

 

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7.2.1.4 REE zone geology

7.2.1.4.1 First geology model (Denommé, 1985)

The REE Zone forms the core of the complex (C1), and has an oval shape, elongated towards the northeast with an area of 650 000 m2. This zone is differentiated from the Main Zone (Niobec mine area: C3 and C5) by its extensive brecciation, the presence of ankerite and high REE content.

Immediately surrounding it (C1), Dénommé (1985) describes a zone of extensively altered dolomitite, which is brecciated but does not host REE minerals. After the 2011 and 2012 works, this surrounding zone is now called the Transition zone where a variable proportion of mineralized C1 brecciated the adjacent carbonatite facies (C2 and C5) or syenite (S1). REE mineral are observed and the proportion of C1 generally increased toward the core zone. The variable proportion of mineralization in the transition zone created a low grading halo (0.5-1% TREO) around the high grading core (>1% TREO). The economic potential of the Transition zone depend on different factors but must be seriously evaluated.

Three main types of breccia have been distinguished by different authors in the REE Zone:

 

 

 

Reddish breccia corresponding to a rich hematitic breccia;

 

 

 

Greenish breccia corresponding to a chlorite rich breccia;

 

 

 

White to beige breccia, which looks like unaltered breccia.

A more recent petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical study (Fournier, 1993) allows a better description and understanding of the REE Zone.

7.2.1.4.2 Petrographic and mineralogical highlights of the REE zone

At a macroscopic scale and below the paleo-meteoric alteration zone (about 60m below surface), the brecciated dolomitite (C1 facies) is greenish to reddish colored, respectively made by chlorite or hematite present in the matrix, and varies from clast to matrix-supported. The clasts are rounded to sub-angular and composed of dolomite, ferroan-dolomite, ankerite and siderite. They range from 0.25 cm to a few centimetres in diametre but the described thin “horizon” of carbonatite left intact is probably larger clasts of pluri-metres scale. Locally, K feldspar clasts have been signaled in these brecciated facies, particularly in the chloritic breccia (Gauthier, 1979).

Dolomite, ankerite, siderite, calcite, feldspar K, hematite, chlorite, REE minerals (REE fluorocarbonates and monazite), sulphides (pyrite, sphalerite) are the chief minerals in the breccia and occur in varying proportions (Gauthier, 1978; Fournier 1993).

The unbrecciated horizons are whitish to buff colored, and are usually devoid of most of the accessory minerals (minor phlogopite, magnetite and apatite).

 

 

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Late, 1-3 mm wide, partially to completely filled veins, containing euhedral calcite, barite and fluorite cut across the brecciated and also across the unbrecciated dolomitite (Fortin, 1977; Fournier, 1993).

The uppermost 60 m of the REE Zone were heavily weathered to an orange or red color as a result of exposure of the carbonatite to the atmosphere prior to deposition of the Trenton limestone. At depth, red staining of carbonates is a more local phenomenon, and the characteristics of the breccia are easier to recognize (Dénommé, 1985; Fournier, 1993).

At the microscopic scale (Fournier, 1993), dolomitite clasts range from an Mg-rich variety to a more iron-rich variety containing significant manganese. They make up a solid solution between dolomitite and ankerite, but some crystals of magnesian siderite are also found.

The carbonates cement of the breccia varies from ferroan dolomite to ankerite but is poorer in Ca than the associated clasts.

The chlorite is brownish colored, iron-rich and locally comprises up to 20% of the rock by volume in interstices between carbonates grains. This contrasts with the Mg-rich, greenish variety, which replaced phlogopite in the Niobium Zone (Fournier, 1993).

The apatite, which classifies as fluorapatite, has higher fluorine content and a more stoichiometric phosphorous content in the REE zone than in the Niobium zone. However, the REE content of apatite from the two zones does not differ significantly.

The principal REE minerals are fluorocarbonates and take the form of needles in radiating bundles or in parallel growth and measure a few microns in diametre and up to 20 micron in length. REE fluorocarbonates minerals are concentrated mainly in the breccia matrix where they are associated with either chlorite, hematite, dolomite or organic matter.

The monazite [(REE,Th) PO4] occurs as irregular, micron size grains spatially associated with parisite but enclosed in the bastnaesite; and the thorite (ThSiO4) as micron size, opaque, grains set in either chlorite or organic matter.

The oxide minerals in the REE zone, the hematite, is found either as discrete fine (<0.05 cm) metallic grains (specularite) or as a reddish coating on other minerals. The main sulfide mineral, the pyrite, occurs as euhedral grains (0.02 to 0.05 cm) or stringers of sub- to anhedral crystals in breccia zones.

Euhedral crystals are commonly replaced or surrounded by hematite.

Pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite have also been observed as inclusions within pyrite. The subhedral sphalerite is also encountered with the pyrite in the stringer.

 

 

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Anthraxolite, a bituminous hydrocarbon of the asphaltite group, is commonly present in the upper, superficially altered portion of the carbonatite. The occurrence of anthraxolite is not restricted to the REE zone as originally believed, but does appear to be confined to the superficial altered portion of the carbonatite.

Phlogopite in the REE zone is a minor phase which occurs mainly as fine grained in the breccia, surrounded par a chlorite halo.

Rare ilmenorutile, a niobilum-bearing phase, form small euhedral crystals (<0.25 mm) in the breccia.

The occurrence of strontianite, celestite and rhodocrosite has been reported by Gauthier (1979).

Euhedral barite, fluorite and calcite are the late minerals phase and filled the veins and vugs.

7.2.1.4.3 Origin of the core breccia:

From the conical geometry of the REE zone, two mechanisms have been proposed to explain its formation:

 

 

 

Contraction cracking due to cooling (Gauthier, 1979),

 

 

 

Hydro-brecciation from igneous activity (Fournier, 1993).

Gauthier proposed that the REE zone breccias had formed by contraction during cooling, following the buildup of the multiples cones sheets corresponding to the different breccia facies defined in the deuteritic alteration zone. His model has been abandoned by different author following the results of the deeper drill holes realized since 1985. Regarding the brecciation, it seems unlikely that such a small area of the complex would have been affected by this process, and even less likely that the latter could have caused such intense brecciation (Fournier, 1993).

On the other hand, Fournier in his model of hydro-brecciation considered the brecciation analogous to resurgent boiling in the granitic systems and the residual melt could have saturated with an aqueous phase due to insufficient crystallization of hydrous minerals. Separation of this fluid from the magma could have caused a sharp buildup in pressure, resulting in overpressures that could have exceeded the strength of the carbonatite. If this was the case, hydrofracturing would have initiated, and this could ultimately have led to the production of a breccia pipe by the escaping fluid.

Support for this interpretation is provided by the high proportion of secondary vapor inclusions (Fournier, 1993) in the primary dolomite and ankerite (not reported in Heinritzi and al, 1989).

7.2.1.4.4 Conclusion of the petro-mineralogical study of REE Zone

Petrographic and mineralogical highlights are based over historical works leaded by Fortin (1977), Gauthier (1979) and Fournier (1993). Additional drilling of the REE Zone has been realized recently (2011 and 2012) by IAMGOLD-Niobec. Thus 61 drill holes, totaling 37,649 m of new data, confirmed

 

 

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and update, particularly at depth, the previous observations. In 2012, IAMGOLD and UQAC (Université du Québec à Chicoutimi) collaborated in a new petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical study. A master project, realised by Alexandre Neron, Geo. Stag. and supervised by Paul Bédard, Ing. Ph.D. will focus on the REE zone and the new drilling datas.

The observation, at a macroscopic scale, of some of the core of these recent drill holes confirm all the macroscopic petrographic data mentioned above with additional and complementary information, thus:

 

 

 

These breccia correspond to hydrothermal breccia related to igneous activity, attested by the multiple hydraulic breccia structures;

 

 

 

Presence of multiple breccia phases (brecciation of breccia);

 

 

 

The REE zone is constituted by mainly ferrodolomitite breccia with the presence locally of, a mineralized or not, calcitite breccia facies;

 

 

 

The breccia zone shows the existence of numerous clasts of syenite highly altered corresponding probably to xenoliths;

 

 

 

Presence of at least two mineralized phases expressed by the presence of lanthanides in the carbonates elements of the breccia (impregnation) and mainly in the matrix of this breccia;

 

 

 

Presence of at least a mineralized alteration front affecting all the core breccia (dolomitic and calcitic) testified by the existence of small barren zones of the different brecciated facies or small patches of different sizes in the mineralized zones.

These observations confirm the existence of multiple stages of igneous activity and a metasomatic replacement characteristic of the carbonatite complexes.

Based on petrographic observations, the paragenesis of REE Zone can be subdivided into four stages (Fournier, 1993):

 

 

 

The first consisted of the crystallization of a dolomite low in Nb and REE (C2),

 

 

 

This was followed by brecciation (C1) and deposition of synchisite and possibly parisite, monazite and thorite. Ankerite, ferroan dolomite, hematite and chlorite were also introduced in this stage,

 

 

 

The next stage consisted of the formation of veinlets of barite, fluorite and calcite,

 

 

 

The last event was the meteoric alteration which caused hematization.

 

 

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This model is in accordance with the chronology of the whole carbonatite complex buildup, advanced by Fortin in 1977:

The setting-up chronology could be, considering the petrographic observations, the geochemical study and carbonates common setting up order:

 

1.

Sovites (Calcitites) of the south (C6) and the north (C4) of the carbonatite complex,

 

2.

Rauhaugites (Dolomitite) of the economic zones (C9, C5 and C3) and the low Niobium and REE dolomitite (C5),

 

3.

Dolomitite of the central zone (C2 and C1 non brecciated),

 

4.

REE carbonates like cement of the low REE rauhaugites cavities,

 

5.

Sequent veinlets with calcite, quartz, barite and fluorite”

Apatite-phlogopite geothermometre yielded a magmatic temperatures between 1150 and 800°C for the SHCC. The REE zone temperatures range between 380 and 346°C and reflected the subsolidus conditions. An independent chlorite geothermometre yielded similar temperatures (364 to 321°C) for the REE zone breccia cement (Fournier, 1993).

A satisfactory model for the whole carbonatite is proposed by Fournier (1993) within the framework of his master memory and is resumed by the author as follows:

“REE concentration in the magma was initially buffered by the crystallization of pyrochlore and apatite (Niobium zone), and was subsequently allowed to build up when these phases stopped crystallizing in the most evolved ferrocarbonatite. Saturation of this magma with water, late in its crystallization history, led to the separation of an acidic fluid into which the REE were strongly partitioned in fluorocomplexes. Analogous to boiling in granitic systems, this fluid brecciated the core of the carbonatite, and effervesced, causing an abrupt drop temperature due to adiabatic expansion, which combined with the pH buffering of the fluid by the dolomite, caused the precipitation of the REE as fluorocarbonate minerals”.

It’s important to notice that these REE correspond essentially to LREE (Light REE) which is characteristic of the REE deposit associated to carbonatite, like REE minerals develop in the late stages of carbonatite emplacement (Kupta and Krishnamurthy, 2005).

 

 

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7.3 Mineralization

7.3.1 REE mineralization general description

The principal REE minerals observed in by different authors the brecciated facies of the REE Zone (Vallée & Dubuc, 1970; Nickel & Pinard, 1970; Gauthier, 1979), correspond first to basnaesite and monazite. They are often accompanied with minor amount of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, huttonite (ThSiO4) and molybdenite.

The following information come from a more detailed metallographic study describing the REE minerals (Fournier, 1993). The REE minerals, fluorocarbonates, are needles shaped and formed radiating bundles or growth in parallel. They typically measured a few microns in diametre and up to 20 micron in length. These REE minerals are from a solid solution produced between the Bastnaesite [REEF(CO3)] and Vaterite (CaCO3) end-member, including; parasite [(CaREE2F2(CO3)] and synchysite [Ca2REEF(CO3)2] the intermediate members. The REE fluorocarbonates are consisted of an early Ca-rich phase, probably synchisite and possibly parisite, enclosed by a later Ca-poor phase, probably bastnaesite. Additional phase of intermediate compositions, as parasite, may be possible (SEM imaging and qualitative EDS from Fournier, 1993).

Fluorocarbonates minerals are concentrated mainly in the breccia matrix where they are associated with: chlorite, hematite, dolomite or organic matter.

Monazite [(REE,Th)PO4] and thorite (ThSiO4) are the second important host of REE after the fluorocarbonates. Monazite occurs, as irregular shaped grains of micron size, spatially associated with parisite but enclosed in the bastnaesite. The thorite occurs as micron scale and opaque grain set in either chlorite or organic matter.

Besides the REE minerals (REE fluorocarbonates and monazite), an inventory of different minerals has been established by different authors:

 

Carbonates:

Dolomite, calcite, ankerite, siderite.

 

Fluorocarbonates:

Bastnaesite, synchisite, parasite.

 

Silicates:

Chlorite and phlogopite, feldspaths (K), quartz, vermiculite (?), zircon, amphiboles, pyroxenes and epidote.

 

Phosphates:

Monazite and rare apatite.

 

Oxydes:

Magnetite, hematite, ilmenite, rutile, goethite, pyrolusite and pyrochlore.

 

Sulfures:

Pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, molybdenite (?)

 

Others:

Baryte, fluorite, antraxolite, and numerous non identified minerals.

Based on petrographic and metallographic observations, a paragenesis succession (Table. 4) has been established (Fournier, 1993).

 

 

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Table 4: Paragenetic sequence for the REE Zone minerals (Fournier, 1993).

 

MINERALS

   STAGE 1    STAGE 2    STAGE 4

dolomite

        

Ferroan dolomite

        

ankerite

        

chlorite

        

specularite

        

synchisite

        

bastnaesite

        

monazite

        

pyrite

        

phlogopite

        

apatite

        

calcite

        

fluorite

        

barite

        

hydrocarbon

        

hematite

        

sphalerite

        

7.3.2 REE mineralized envelope

Considering the REE Zone drill holes compilation map (Figure 14), few drill holes were realized between 1967 and 1985 (totaling 3,902 m). The geometry of the mineralized envelope, draw as the geological core zone (C1), was principally based over the magnetic interpretation (Vallée & Dubuc, 1970).

In 2011 and 2012, 37,370 metres were drilled by IAMGOLD-Niobec. Even if the REE zone limits were better defined by the new drilling program, the mineralized envelope roughly respected the first geological interpretation. The REE deposit have a spherical shape with a North-East elongation on plan view and cover an area at the sub-surface of about 1 km2 (Figure 5). The conical shape initially interpreted has changed to a more cylinder geometry down to 400m depth and was confirmed by the 100x100m drilling grid. The 400m to 700m vertical axe is covered by a 100x200m drilling grid. Based on this definition, the mineralized cylinder may be interpreted down to 700m with a high level of confidence. The deepest holes tested the mineralization continuity down to 1200m. Even if the lateral extensions are well defined, the core zone is still open at depth.

The distribution of the overall TREO values (Total REE oxides) varied from 0.01% to 12.34%. The overall average value is 1.75 % TREO. The interpreted high grade, >2% TREO, mineralized envelope (Figure 7) is associated to the brecciated and massive facies of the ferrocarbonatite.

 

 

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Figure 7: High grade mineralized envelope (>2% TREO).

 

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The massive carbonatite is principally composed of coarse grained iron-dolomite [Ca(Mg,Fe,Mn)(CO3)2], sometime ankérite [CaFe(CO3)2], pyrite [FeS], barite [BaSO4] and red/purple colored REE-rich clusters (Figure 8). The calcite [CaCO3] is partially or completely replaced by siderite [FeCO3] associated with yellow colored carbonates. The massive C1 facies is cut by late calcite injections, apatite/halite injections and biotite injections associated with fault plans. The open faults have idiomorphic crystals of barite, pyrite, fluorite, halite and strontianite.

 

 

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Figure 8: Mineralized massive carbonatite (C1L).

 

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The red/purple clusters composition was defined with a portable XRF and with a cartographical technic by u-XRF (UQAC University). They are composed of REE minerals, barite [BaSO4], calcite [CaCO3], quartz [SiO2], hematite [Fe2O3] and halite [NaCl] (Figure 9). The proportions of minerals in the clusters are really variable from each to other but more homogeneous over the ore deposit. Around 400m, a differentiation of clusters composition can be identified. In the firsts hundred metres, hematite, calcite and silicate are associated with REE minerals. At depth, past 400m, the halite and the barite appeared in the clusters composition with depletion of calcite and silica. REE minerals proportion, 20% of the cluster, is stable.

The REE minerals composing the clusters are defined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Small (10-20 microns) needles of bastnaesite [REE(CO3)F] (Figure 10) and monazite [REEPO4] are identified (Néron, A. communication, 2013). The exact composition of the bastnaesite should be investigated (by microprobe) to know the Ca proportion in bastnaesite. The bastnaesite is the major REE minerals in the clusters but, at the depth of 900m, the monazite proportion increased.

The massive carbonatite (C1) is brecciated by a fluid similar as the clusters composition and created the breccia facie (BRC1) (Figure 11). The mix of hematite, silice, chlorite/biotite, halite, REE-mineral, pyrite, calcite and/or calcite composed the breccia. The clasts seem from the massive facies and sometimes, but rarely, of syenitic rock. The breccia intensity is variable. Texture changed from 60% matrix supported with small and round shaped clasts to to clasts supported breccia with angular fragments. When the magmatic degree of deformation is low, the C1 clasts can be easily re-built. In general, a transition is observed between the low intensity breccia and the massive C1 facies. When the deformation degree is higher, the breccia intersects the others units, even other breccia facies, with a sharp contact.

 

 

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Figure 9: Variation of the mineralized clusters composition with depth (Hole# 2012-REE-052)

 

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Figure 10: Mineralized cluster composition. (Hole# 2012-REE-033; Bst = bastnaesite; Qz = quartz; Car = carbonate; Hem = hematite)

 

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Like the clusters in the massive unit, the matrix composition varied at depth. The silicate and calcite phases are observed before the 400m limit and the halite and barite phases are found below this limit. The REE minerals are disseminated in the matrix and represent 0.2 to 3 wgt% of the rock. Red to purple agglomerations of REE minerals are visible in the high intensity breccia.

 

 

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Figure 11: Mineralized carbonatite breccia facies (BRC1L).

 

LOGO

The REE mineralisation presented no relationship with the different facies of the core REE zone. Several analyses cumulate during the 2011 and 2012 drilling program show the homogeneity of the mineralization inside the ferrocarbonatite (C1) envelope. The low grade zone, are localized in the periphery and correspond to the transition zone. In this zone, the REE mineralisation is still in the C1 facies. The amount of mineralized C1 intruding the adjacent lithology (C2, C3, C5 and S1) decreased going outward from the center.

Item 8. REE deposit Types

The following is a summary of different papers regarding REE deposits and particularly a recent compilation of the British Geological Survey (BGS) published in November 2011.

8.1 REE Major deposit classes

REE mineral deposits are known (Walters A. & co., BGS) to occur in a broad range of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. The concentration and distribution of REE in mineral deposits is influenced by rock forming and hydrothermal processes including enrichment in magmatic or hydrothermal fluids, separation into mineral phases and precipitation, and subsequent redistribution and concentration through weathering and other surface processes. Environments in which REE are enriched can be broadly divided into two categories:

 

 

 

Primary deposits associated with igneous and hydrothermal processes, divided into two categories, one associated with carbonatites and related igneous rocks and the other with peralkaline igneous rocks (Samson and Wood, 2004).

 

 

 

Secondary deposits concentrated by sedimentary processes and weathering (supergene process).

 

 

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Within these two groups REE deposits can be further subdivided depending on their genetic association, mineralogy and form of occurrence.

The worldwide most advanced REE project, including IAMGOLD-Niobec REE project, are listed and could be consulted on the Technology Metals Research website (http://www.techmetalsresearch.com/metrics-indices/tmr-advanced-rare-earth-projects-index/). The Index, last updated on December 29, 2012, currently consists of 49 rare-earth mineral resources, associated with 45 advanced rare-earth projects, 43 different companies and located in 31 different regions within 14 different countries

8.2 Carbonatite-associated deposits

Carbonatites are igneous rocks that contain more than 50 per cent carbonate minerals (IUGS). They are thought to originate from carbon dioxide-rich and silica-poor magmas from the upper mantle. Carbonatites are frequently associated with alkaline igneous provinces and generally occur in stable cratonic regions, commonly in association with areas of major faulting particularly large-scale rift structures.

More than 500 carbonatites occurrences are documented worldwide, with the main concentrations in the East African Rift zones, eastern Canada, northern Scandinavia, the Kola Peninsula in Russia and southern Brazil (Woolley and Kjarsgaard, 2008). Carbonatites take a variety of forms including intrusions within alkali complexes, isolated dykes and sills, small plugs or irregular masses that may not be associated with other alkaline rocks. Pipe-like bodies, which are a common form, may be up to 3-4 km in diametre (Birkett and Simandl, 1999).

Intrusive carbonatites (Figure 12) are commonly surrounded by a zone of metasomatically altered rock, enriched in sodium and/ or potassium. These desilicified zones, known as fenite, develop as a result of reaction with Na-K-rich fluids produced from the carbonatite intrusion.

The REE are largely hosted by rock-forming minerals where they substitute for major ions. Higher concentrations of REE are required to form their own minerals (Miller, 1986). Around 200 minerals are known to contain REE, although a relatively small number are or may become commercially significant.

The REE in carbonatites are almost entirely LREE which occur in minerals such as bastnaesite, allanite, apatite and monazite (Gupta and Krishnamurthy, 2005). REE do not occur naturally as metallic elements, they occur in a wide range of mineral types including halides, carbonates, oxides and phosphates.

 

 

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The vast majority of resources are associated with just three minerals, bastnaesite, monazite and xenotime. In some REE minerals, the LREE are particularly enriched relative to the HREE, which in others the opposite is the case. Bastnaesite and monazite are the primary source of the LREE, mainly Ce, La and Nd. Monazite has a different balance as it contains less La and more Nd and HREE. It is also significant to note that monazite contains the thorium, a radioactive element.

Figure 12: Schematic section and plan view of a carbonatite complex (SIDEX.ca)

 

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Schematic section and plan view (mid-level) of a carbonatite complex, showing cylindrical shape of intrusion that evolves upwards into a diatreme breccia and layered tuffs. Late dikes (bold lines) display a radial or concentric pattern. The intrusion consists of three phases: sövite (calcite-rich carbonatite), iron-rich magnesian carbonatite, and ijolite (nepheline-pyroxene rock). The host rocks are fenitized (alkaline metasomatism) and desilicified.

 

 

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Item 9. EXPLORATION

Exploration and resource development drilling is concentrated within the carbonatite complex where the economic concentration of niobium is known. Since 1985, no exploration works for REE have been done until the drilling campaign started by IAMGOLD in 2011 and continues through 2012.

9.1 Scoping Study

Exploration program focused on the REE zone. The drilling program has continuously progressed. The delimitation program, initiated in 2011, ended in May 4th 2012 by the completion of the hole 2012-REE-039. A total of 10 holes were added in 2012 to the initial 28 holes performed in 2011, including two deep holes (2012-REE-033 and 2012-REE-034), for a total of 22,072 linear metres.

9.2 Prefeasibility study

Since May 5th, 10 other holes have been added to define the REE zone over a 100 x 100 metres drilling grid through the depth of 400 metres and a 100x200 metres drilling grid through the depth of 700 metres. The additional 15, 779 linear metres drilled between May to August are part of the pre-feasibility program. This included the hole from 2012-REE-040 to 2012-REE-061.

Parallel to the surface activities, underground development started in October 2012. An exploration drift was driven through the core of the REE zone. The drift started from the mine level 1150, about 300m below surface, and followed the section 2600E of the exploration grid (Figure 14). Driven from the south, the transitional zone (between Niobec ore zone and REE zone) was crossed and an increasing amount of the REE mineralized carbonatite (C1L) was noted. This unit showed a clear brecciating relationship with the adjacent massive carbonatite (C2). The association between the C2 and the C1 was confirmed. The drift layout was planning to stay in the mineralized carbonatite breccia facies (BRC1L). Before the development completion, some representative mineralized material was stocked and characterized underground. Preliminary assays returned an average value of 2.0% TREO for about 3,500 tonnes bulk sample. This material is reserved for additional metallurgical testworks.

9.3 Other field work

The heliborne high resolution mag survey over the Niobec property was completed by EON geosciences Inc. during May 2012. The complete survey parameter can be consulted in the final report produced by the contractor (Appendix 2).

 

 

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The carbonatite total magnetic field strongly contrast with the grenvillien hosting rock and the new airborne survey confirmed the main geometry of the complex (Figure 13). The high definition aspect outlines small variation inside the carbonatite magnetic signature. Facies variation or structural domain may create this variation. The sensibility of this magnetic survey method is affected by the Niobec mine activities. The anthropic distortion affected the nearby mine area and complicated the interpretation.

The final data has been treated by Mark Goldie, IAMGOLD chief geophysicist, and sent to Niobec geological team for validation and exploration duty. This new information, coupled with the surface diamond drilling will be used to update the Niobec geological map.

 

 

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Figure 13: High resolution magnetic survey.

 

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Item 10. Drilling

10.1 Historical diamond drilling and statistics

The St-Honoré carbonatite complex is covered by a layer of Paleozoic sediment variable in thickness. Historically, the REE zone could be studied with one outcrop located in the North-East area of the core zone but the discovery showing was covered by a layer of overburden moved during the mine operation. Diamond drilling is the best and the only method of investigation used by IAMGOLD and the various site operators.

In 1967 the drilling program tested the new radiometric anomaly discovered. Few short hole confirmed the anomalous REEs concentration in the ferrocarbonatite. In 1975, a preliminary definition of the core zone (C1) was completed. In 1985, Soquem completed three long hole to characterised and test the continuity at depth of the REEs zone. The compilation map, show the historical drill holes location (Figure 14).

After a latency period of 26 years, IAMGOLD decided to launch a large diamond drilling program stimulated by a favorable REEs economical context. In the last two years (2011 and 2012) 90% of the data on the REEs zone was collected (Table 5).

Table 5: Historical diamond drilling on the REEs zone.

 

Company name

   Year      Number
of Drill
Holes
     Average
LENGTH
     Longest
DH

LENGTH
     Total
LENGTH
(metres)
     % of
Total
LENGTH
 

SOQUEM

     1968         5         141         226         706         1.7

SOQUEM

     1975         8         120         148         958         2.3

SOQUEM

     1978         2         336         443         672         1.6

SOQUEM

     1985         3         522         559         1,566         3.8

IAMGOLD

     2011         29         476         898         13,798         33.2

IAMGOLD

     2012         33         723         1,337         23,851         57.4
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     Grand Total         80         519         1,337         41,551         100.0
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

10.2 Drilling realized by IAMGOLD

Drilling was performed between March 6, 2011 and October 9, 2012 over the Niobec property and specifically over the REEs zone. The first resource estimation (Lafleur, P.J. and al., 2012) was calculate with the data of the surface holes 2011-REE-001 to 2011-REE-028, and the underground hole S-3607. The program continued in 2012 with the realization of the holes 2012-REE-029 to 2012-REE-061. The 33 new holes, for a total of 23, 851 metres, were drilled under the supervision of Niobec geological team and are the object of this present report.

The objectives were to define the geological model, upgrade the resource definition for a new resource calculation and test the REE mineralization continuity at depth. The deeper holes demonstrate the uninterrupted extension of the REE zone at depth, although the resource estimate reported only to 700 metres below surface.

 

 

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10.3 Diamond drill hole summaries

The diamond drill holes have been localised by the Niobec mine surveyor team. The data is summaries in Quebec MTM83, zone 7, system (Table 6 and Figure 15 & Figure 16) but an exploration grid coordinate system was daily used.

A summary of each diamond drill hole realized in 2012 is available below in the 13.5 section.

Table 6: Drill holes summaries, 2012 REE exploration program.

 

     Explo grid (m)      Quebec MTM83, Zone 7 (m)                

HOLE-#

   Easting      Northing      Altitude      Az (°)      Dip (°)      Easting      Northing      Altitude      Title #      LENGTH  

2012-REE-029

     2297.71         5497.56         9999.00         122.90         -49.50         255975.73         5378378.41         142.44         2713202         651.00   

2012-REE-030

     2404.23         5493.02         9999.10         228.30         -49.60         256064.70         5378319.66         142.56         2713201         639.00   

2012-REE-031

     2313.04         5681.04         9999.70         234.40         -50.20         256083.37         5378527.79         143.14         2713201         597.00   

2012-REE-032

     2483.46         5783.49         10001.90         269.50         -49.30         256282.22         5378527.83         145.33         2712072         651.00   

2012-REE-033

     2503.80         5349.16         9997.40         3.60         -70.00         256075.95         5378145.06         140.84         2713201         1338.00   

2012-REE-034

     2676.56         5882.25         10010.40         178.80         -76.30         256498.52         5378513.03         153.84         2687602         1260.00   

2012-REE-035

     2436.84         5162.36         9997.20         352.90         -53.00         255922.35         5378019.43         140.64         2713201         924.00   

2012-REE-036

     2604.64         5304.95         9998.50         1.00         -51.20         256139.63         5378055.23         141.94         2712072         900.05   

2012-REE-037

     2300.00         5298.00         10000.00         358.20         -50.80         255874.00         5378202.00         142.24         2713202         798.00   

2012-REE-038

     2700.13         5300.09         9998.80         2.30         -51.40         256218.97         5378001.88         142.24         2712072         402.00   

2012-REE-039

     2213.69         5290.45         10000.20         0.00         -50.30         255797.05         5378244.00         143.64         2713202         564.00   

2012-REE-040

     2689.67         5554.18         10000.30         1.80         -50.60         256340.87         5378225.07         143.74         2712072         729.00   

2012-REE-041

     2606.09         5599.77         10000.20         1.00         -50.00         256292.71         5378307.19         143.64         2712072         774.00   

2012-REE-042

     2505.92         5602.33         9999.80         0.00         -52.60         256208.17         5378339.99         143.24         2712072         992.00   

2012-REE-043

     2317.70         5592.15         9999.70         359.30         -52.30         256042.93         5378447.93         140.19         2713201         741.00   

2012-REE-044

     2405.52         5790.37         10000.90         358.80         -52.50         256218.95         5378573.87         144.35         2713201         516.00   

2012-REE-045

     2505.44         5792.16         10003.80         2.70         -52.70         256305.52         5378523.95         147.26         2712072         501.00   

2012-REE-046

     2506.75         5411.66         9997.90         359.40         -51.20         256110.67         5378197.12         141.31         2713201         873.00   

2012-REE-047

     2405.69         5392.44         9998.50         0.50         -51.50         256014.15         5378232.69         141.92         2713201         903.00   

2012-REE-048

     2603.82         5804.62         10006.80         2.50         -50.50         256396.27         5378483.95         150.25         2712072         591.00   

2012-REE-049

     2605.78         5398.70         9998.70         358.00         -50.00         256188.71         5378134.72         142.19         2712072         900.00   

2012-REE-050

     2700.00         5740.00         10000.00         269.10         -46.20         256449.65         5378369.66         146.89         2687602         598.50   

2012-REE-051

     2703.04         5838.05         10006.85         0.50         -51.50         256498.54         5378461.51         150.29         2687602         351.00   

2012-REE-052

     2707.08         5399.67         9996.33         359.90         -59.90         256276.22         5378083.66         139.78         2712072         900.00   

2012-REE-053

     2808.41         5797.49         10006.99         358.70         -50.70         256567.96         5378372.47         150.44         2687602         453.00   

2012-REE-054

     2762.74         5286.72         9995.76         2.30         -51.00         256265.76         5377958.18         139.21         2712072         900.00   

2012-REE-055

     2314.18         5686.32         9997.50         271.90         -45.40         256087.07         5378531.73         140.94         2713201         276.00   

2012-REE-056

     2314.62         5686.36         9997.40         277.90         -75.00         256087.47         5378531.53         140.84         2713201         549.60   

2012-REE-057

     2812.46         5385.11         9996.85         1.00         -50.00         256359.05         5378016.91         140.30         2687602         643.40   

2012-REE-058

     2330.91         5487.03         9996.12         264.50         -50.90         255998.77         5378352.29         139.57         2713202         351.00   

2012-REE-059

     2803.26         5489.53         9996.77         359.90         -59.90         256404.94         5378111.15         140.22         2687602         892.60   

2012-REE-060

     2331.54         5487.06         9996.26         273.50         -75.20         255999.33         5378351.98         139.70         2713202         500.00   

2012-REE-061

     2314.81         5208.89         9998.17         359.90         -59.90         255841.72         5378122.17         141.62         2713202         1191.00   

 

 

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Figure 14: Historical drill hole location, REEs exploration program.

 

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Figure 15: Drill holes locations, 2011 REEs exploration program.

 

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Figure 16: Drill holes locations, 2012 exploration program

 

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10.4 Methodology

The Niobec exploration geologist, hired in March 2012, was responsible for all the steps necessary for the realization of a surface diamond drilling program. This included the drill set-up recognition, the permiting, the positioning and orientation of the drill, the supervision of drilling methods, the procedures application, the supervision of the health and safety rules, the environmental compliance and the restoration of the drill sites. Drill holes are planned by the Niobec mine geology team and approved by the IAMGOLD exploration general manager.

The services of a contractor, IOS Services Géoscientifiques Inc. (“IOS”), were used to support the REE exploration program. IOS carried out core logging, sampling and shipping of the samples to the laboratory and worked in close collaboration with the Niobec mine geology team. .

The exploration geologist was also looking after the quality assurance and the quality control (QA/QC) for the REE Zone. That included the purchase of standardized material, the preparation of the blanks and compilation of results. Any samples for REE assays were performed at the Niobec mine laboratory, the entire drilling core samples were sent to SGS facilities, Lake Field Ontario after been logged, cut and bagged. See Item 16 for the details QA/QC procedures.

The whole drilling campaign has been realized by “Forage Boréal Inc.”, a drilling company located in Val d’Or, Abitibi, Québec. The exploration grid was generally used has reference. At the end of 2012, drilling grid respected a 100 by 100 metres spacing. The main direction of drilling was N031° (N000° on the exploration grid) with a magnetic declination of 18° West, and a dip generally toward the North. Deviation was measured with a multishot survey (Reflex EZ-shot) done after the end of each hole. No additional in-hole survey was performed in the existing drill holes from 2011.

 

 

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In 2011, all the casing located in the farmed field has been pulled out after the holes were finished. From the hole 2012-REE-033, most of the casing were kept for further surveys (position, radiometry, geophysics, etc.) or other verifications can be made on selected holes.

Drilling was done in the field next to the mine office parking. The core shack is on the mine site, less than 1 kilometre from the drill rig. Core is retrieved from the drill rods using conventional wire line techniques. The core is removed from the core barrel by the drill contractor employee and carefully placed in standard NQ wooden core boxes. A wooden bloc with the depth written on it is put in the box at the end of each run (3 metres). Once filled, core boxes are closed and sealed. Boxes are removed from the drill site twice daily (at the end of each work shift) by the drilling contractor personnel and delivered to the core shack. Verification of all the boxes is proceeded (Inscription on the boxes, core length and tags, continuity between the boxes, etc.).

10.5 Drill hole description, 2012 REE exploration program

The location of each drill hole and an overview of the 100m x 100m drilling grid realised during the 2012 exploration program can be consulted at Figure 17. The dilling sections figures covering the main area of the REE zone, is also available on appendix 1.

 

 

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Figure 17: 100m 100m drilling grid, 2012 REE exploration program.

 

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10.6 Drill holes results, 2012 REE exploration program.

The 2012 exploration and definition drilling program confirmed the REE mineralisation distribution homogeneity. The 100 x 100 metres drilling grid performed help the geology team to define the core of the REE rich carbonatite and the relationship with the surrounding units. The transition zone returned interesting results on large interval and must be evaluated for it economic value.

The new 100m x 100m drilling pattern increased the resource confidence from sub-surface to 350m below. The 2011 inferred resources were all transformed in indicated resources. The drilling accuracy from 350m to 700m, 100m x 200m drilling grid, added inferred resources at depth. Even if the resource estimate was limited to 700m, the deepest holes confirmed the mineralisation continuity down to 1200m below surface.

Mineralogical studies are under progress to evaluate the REEs mineral affinities and distribution. The 2012 drill hole reached deeper than ever historically. Preliminary interpretation based on the core description and assay results show a relationship between the REEs mineral content and the deepness. Pass 1000m deep, the texture of the hosting carbonatite and the lanthanide minerals change. Simultaneously, the average REE content slightly increased. This observation are currently investigated and tested by a master project conjointly realised by IAMGOLD-Niobec and the UQAC University.

The deep holes also tested gravimetric anomaly hypothesis. In 2011, based on theory projection, an ultra-mafic source, located at the base of the Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex, was interpreted to be the explanation of the gravimetric anomaly. Excepted few angular enclaves of mafic to ultra-mafic rock intercepted by drilling and observed in the drift, no major units was discovered. The ultra-mafic basement theory may be transferred to a lower level. The geophysics interpretations plan the anomaly around 500m deep. This may be explained by the vertical distribution of the barium. From the surface and down to 200m, the barium is completely depleted. Assays are returning value under the limit detection. Abruptly, the average barium contain rise above 3%, higher than all the other carbonatite facies of the complex. The phenomenon is also slightly observed in the rock density.

Over all, the 2012 drilling exploration program returned excellent results and a lot of new geological data that will be interpreted in 2013. Each drill hole results are summarised in Table 7 below.

 

 

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Table 7: Drill hole results summary, 2012 REE exploration campaign.

 

HOLE #

  From
(m)
    To
(m)
    Lenght
(m)
    TREO
(%)
    HREO
(%)
    LA2O3
(PPM)
    CE2O3
(PPM)
    PR2O3
(PPM)
    ND2O3
(PPM)
    SM2O3
(PPM)
    EU2O3
(PPM)
    GD2O3
(PPM)
    TB2O3
(PPM)
    DY2O3
(PPM)
    NB2O5
(PPM)
     MO
(PPM)
 

2012-REE-029

    44.5        651        606.5        1.348        0.031        3134.179        6373.003        708.999        2621.721        301.053        66.208        160.424        17.852        63.785        1602.525         104.750   

including

                                
    44.5        450        405.5        1.704        0.037        4028.978        8085.264        889.943        3259.118        366.437        80.559        196.068        21.968        75.272        1514.108         116.286   
    450        651        201        0.616        0.017        1291.947        2847.761        336.466        1309.434        166.438        36.662        87.040        9.377        40.135        1784.559         81.000   

2012-REE-030

    52.5        639        586.5        0.991        0.027        2254.773        4665.385        534.016        1916.772        231.980        54.440        128.701        15.953        67.702        1525.154         62.945   

including

                                
    52.5        330        277.5        1.564        0.035        3654.043        7450.806        841.897        2964.794        343.897        78.498        178.680        19.915        70.977        1192.417         97.021   
    330        423.9        93.9        0.592        0.032        1275.391        2671.251        297.700        1096.762        152.924        42.481        124.519        21.797        126.604        2503.195         24.688   
    423.9        639        215.1        0.405        0.014        824.362        1837.771        228.537        883.857        117.894        27.678        63.922        8.073        37.156        1534.119         34.514   

2012-REE-031

    65.3        597        531.7        1.284        0.025        2682.281        6029.893        730.834        2809.689        317.195        67.908        136.238        12.356        36.086        1267.224         155.945   

including

                                
    65.3        261.3        196        2.142        0.036        4805.437        10164.129        1198.715        4406.347        473.565        99.394        194.402        17.045        46.363        880.446         245.574   
    261.3        527.4        266.1        0.833        0.019        1545.688        3840.351        490.087        2004.733        237.655        51.547        105.186        9.467        28.176        1219.820         114.371   
    527.4        597        69.6        0.526        0.017        881.534        2435.775        297.943        1270.869        169.110        39.369        86.590        9.784        36.296        2538.883         56.167   

2012-REE-032

    47.6        651        603.4        1.441        0.028        3249.840        6816.394        799.527        2913.733        324.804        68.538        145.393        14.609        48.701        1640.016         166.000   

including

                                
    47.6        402        354.4        2.122        0.034        4857.683        10117.557        1176.361        4255.378        457.286        93.042        188.689        16.642        41.204        835.544         240.189   
    402        453        51        0.670        0.017        1459.067        3060.486        377.255        1440.823        175.988        42.230        89.294        8.734        30.042        1709.393         136.588   
    453        651        198        0.382        0.019        739.025        1681.674        211.721        813.109        118.245        30.018        79.810        12.365        67.366        3109.202         36.439   

2012-REE-033

    42        1338        1296        2.160        0.032        5845.375        10515.933        1077.193        3461.655        343.496        80.095        169.741        17.496        57.317        1466.517         113.088   

including

                                
    42        162        120        1.227        0.024        3245.308        5728.377        626.528        2151.294        253.766        54.072        123.839        13.223        48.230        2269.045         78.488   
    162        1002.4        840.4        2.132        0.037        5516.814        10318.611        1095.450        3605.905        379.035        89.644        194.732        20.522        68.293        1657.884         138.132   
    1002.4        1338        335.6        2.580        0.023        7653.269        12818.532        1201.218        3592.760        287.868        65.870        124.139        11.490        33.112        682.034         63.088   

2012-REE-034

    21.4        1260        1238.6        1.885        0.031        4445.759        9032.327        1026.313        3598.090        411.689        87.729        169.188        14.138        42.016        799.687         193.955   

including

                                
    21.4        75.7        54.3        2.401        0.051        5766.956        11239.975        1250.392        4601.679        623.749        136.757        285.121        22.657        61.673        1167.007         217.737   
    75.7        999        923.3        1.752        0.031        4004.721        8369.394        969.277        3445.615        405.310        85.937        167.060        13.742        40.955        801.809         204.863   
    999        1260        261        2.250        0.029        5749.014        10942.854        1183.232        3929.229        388.403        83.490        151.549        13.706        41.554        711.809         149.391   

2012-REE-035

    60        924        864        1.831        0.030        4965.686        8854.602        902.485        2953.771        304.115        70.973        159.345        16.626        52.504        1686.969         98.057   

including

                                
    60        194.2        134.2        0.410        0.017        972.154        1767.636        206.673        811.007        144.335        35.255        83.479        9.355        37.996        1895.476         9.404   
    194.2        438        243.8        1.315        0.028        3161.382        6256.566        677.683        2460.103        279.398        64.789        147.020        15.992        56.736        1908.404         99.282   
    438        924        486        2.501        0.035        7032.728        12211.697        1216.492        3818.448        362.361        84.332        187.304        19.023        54.456        1513.504         122.679   

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  47

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


LOGO

  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

HOLE #

   From
(m)
     To
(m)
     Lenght
(m)
     TREO
(%)
     HREO
(%)
     LA2O3
(PPM)
     CE2O3
(PPM)
     PR2O3
(PPM)
     ND2O3
(PPM)
     SM2O3
(PPM)
     EU2O3
(PPM)
     GD2O3
(PPM)
     TB2O3
(PPM)
     DY2O3
(PPM)
     NB2O5
(PPM)
     MO
(PPM)
 

2012-REE-036

     42.2         900         857.8         1.810         0.031         4238.809         8663.008         986.707         3473.669         402.684         85.443         165.244         14.490         46.710         1113.508         210.137   

including

                                               
     42.2         234         191.8         0.636         0.016         1462.590         2866.975         342.052         1331.265         173.239         38.106         77.435         7.673         32.483         2030.175         73.500   
     234         900         666         2.141         0.035         5017.002         10285.198         1168.058         4088.740         467.129         98.757         188.297         16.208         50.838         853.851         248.841   

including

     766.5         900         133.5         2.828         0.050         7023.867         13250.042         1522.454         5299.775         655.051         140.006         267.689         21.869         68.224         749.341         370.800   

2012-REE-037

     69.5         798         728.5         2.263         0.031         5861.642         10967.245         1180.464         3916.453         382.952         80.742         169.821         15.752         41.317         1347.947         183.125   

including

                                               
     69.5         132.2         62.7         1.046         0.036         2306.098         4767.643         564.412         2124.404         305.716         76.897         184.314         23.177         75.956         2011.578         19.273   
     132.2         798         665.8         2.382         0.030         6207.757         11570.746         1240.433         4090.900         390.471         81.116         168.410         15.029         37.945         1283.345         199.075   

2012-REE-038

     38         402         364         0.661         0.014         1611.725         3091.157         344.779         1245.528         157.376         33.212         72.368         7.262         26.442         2263.578         50.349   

including

                                               
     38         357         319         0.600         0.014         1462.768         2797.869         312.368         1130.435         146.954         31.896         70.666         7.147         25.906         2381.993         40.945   
     357         402         45         1.077         0.016         2635.807         5107.514         567.604         2036.792         229.023         42.264         84.069         8.057         30.127         1449.479         115.000   

2012-REE-039

     55.7         564         508.3         1.803         0.031         4679.364         8606.867         923.599         3146.583         337.973         75.030         167.096         16.991         52.980         1321.855         170.831   

including

                                               
     55.7         207         151.3         1.181         0.032         2300.214         5416.946         715.919         2693.667         332.719         74.709         153.143         18.637         70.627         1166.951         85.692   
     207         564         357         2.072         0.031         5710.329         9989.166         1013.593         3342.847         340.249         75.169         173.142         16.277         45.334         1388.980         207.725   

2012-REE-040

     11.8         729         717.2         2.134         0.028         5688.182         10235.403         1098.327         3632.370         385.490         76.640         150.277         13.143         37.933         1166.505         160.263   

including

                                               
     11.8         102.7         90.9         2.203         0.032         5818.786         10385.595         1171.415         3877.123         430.868         87.749         176.819         14.711         44.437         1106.511         75.875   
     102.7         729         626.3         2.124         0.027         5669.098         10213.457         1087.648         3596.607         378.859         75.017         146.398         12.913         36.983         1175.271         172.594   

2012-REE-041

     36.2         734.1         697.9         1.798         0.029         4550.507         8541.979         963.349         3247.782         352.999         76.355         157.942         14.528         42.816         1336.110         196.819   

including

                                               
     36.2         99.7         63.5         2.281         0.038         5967.282         10879.596         1127.761         3993.264         431.692         95.055         203.332         19.881         60.149         1848.368         81.773   
     99.7         539.7         440         1.944         0.031         4823.187         9212.515         1038.420         3637.374         395.208         84.208         168.773         14.566         43.348         1328.648         246.568   
     539.7         734.1         194.4         1.323         0.022         3498.657         6326.291         746.766         2158.662         235.674         53.214         119.686         12.712         36.051         1186.620         125.765   

2012-REE-042

     41.6         992         950.4         1.652         0.026         4202.827         7778.259         871.851         3037.856         345.740         70.725         142.732         12.975         37.289         1127.197         200.073   

including

                                               
     41.6         609         567.4         1.934         0.033         4768.926         9071.886         1040.186         3673.287         428.364         87.760         180.800         16.641         47.421         1092.736         247.313   
     609         992         383.0         1.213         0.016         3320.766         5762.608         609.563         2047.767         217.000         44.181         83.417         7.263         21.504         1180.893         126.465   

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

  48

2012 – 18th March, 2013 as amended on September 19th, 2013

 


LOGO

  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

HOLE #

   From
(m)
     To
(m)
     Lenght
(m)
     TREO
(%)
     HREO
(%)
     LA2O3
(PPM)
     CE2O3
(PPM)
     PR2O3
(PPM)
     ND2O3
(PPM)
     SM2O3
(PPM)
     EU2O3
(PPM)
     GD2O3
(PPM)
     TB2O3
(PPM)
     DY2O3
(PPM)
     NB2O5
(PPM)
     MO
(PPM)
 

2012-REE-043

     57         741         684         2.066         0.035         4957.054         9765.763         1127.172         4004.841         441.996         93.529         187.817         16.835         49.154         1062.659         289.150   

including

                                               
     57         125         68         2.499         0.041         5555.374         12010.715         1416.594         5032.172         538.967         111.060         221.854         20.468         61.576         742.318         70.565   
     125         741         616         2.019         0.034         4891.524         9519.887         1095.473         3892.324         431.375         91.609         184.089         16.437         47.793         1097.744         313.090   

2012-REE-044

     35.3         516         480.7         1.834         0.025         4739.873         8744.721         958.512         3288.621         333.015         67.160         137.480         12.809         36.550         1201.658         186.920   

including

                                               
     35.3         82.3         47         2.328         0.040         5334.162         10967.087         1319.208         4720.602         513.450         104.342         228.026         20.910         51.646         1073.609         26.611   
     82.3         516         433.7         1.772         0.024         4666.099         8468.841         913.736         3110.858         310.616         62.544         126.239         11.804         34.676         1217.554         206.821   

2012-REE-045

     52         498         443         1.701         0.027         4215.571         8087.065         912.536         3167.346         333.968         68.287         145.752         13.996         41.309         1443.085         166.767   

including

                                               
     52         114         62         3.120         0.063         7766.549         14405.631         1677.456         5969.648         709.019         151.854         347.212         33.653         96.242         1929.914         123.524   
     114         378         261         1.707         0.023         4360.870         8215.149         892.861         3044.909         303.714         60.147         123.097         11.833         34.740         1190.502         201.596   
     378         498         120         0.943         0.017         2028.018         4484.832         554.731         1968.559         204.381         42.525         90.394         8.489         27.085         1749.496         111.975   

2012-REE-046

     32         873         841         2.064         0.037         5197.705         9873.396         1096.666         3664.785         411.314         91.333         200.771         20.076         59.542         1555.183         163.477   

including

                                               
     32         54         22         1.543         0.032         3922.925         7282.435         819.223         2727.873         329.040         73.673         174.189         17.697         51.502         2110.024         78.250   
     54         873         819         2.080         0.037         5234.789         9948.769         1104.738         3692.041         413.707         91.847         201.545         20.145         59.776         1539.042         165.956   

2012-REE-047

     50         903         853         2.251         0.035         5779.675         10787.853         1169.715         3988.301         411.443         87.039         185.872         18.412         54.407         1275.930         201.412   

including

                                               
     50         84.4         34.4         1.576         0.048         3539.068         7237.611         873.237         3166.275         424.596         101.719         265.368         28.510         88.460         3042.396         39.231   
     84.4         903         818.6         2.282         0.034         5884.451         10953.872         1183.579         4026.741         410.828         86.353         182.155         17.940         52.814         1193.325         208.996   

2012-REE-048

     44         591         547         1.875         0.032         4827.978         8884.412         969.728         3335.786         394.829         85.674         169.274         15.947         45.457         1069.440         195.538   

including

                                               
     44         351         307         2.366         0.041         5977.048         11220.533         1230.490         4275.446         518.105         113.335         221.009         20.642         57.839         1134.487         242.509   
     351         567         216         1.259         0.019         3391.431         5948.151         642.049         2154.403         237.398         50.161         102.823         9.975         29.904         978.042         136.736   
     567         591         24         0.921         0.015         2531.723         4357.162         463.738         1517.753         178.290         38.791         81.836         7.482         21.376         1030.157         102.375   

2012-REE-049

     36.9         900         863.1         1.985         0.033         4869.800         9462.630         1059.974         3692.666         418.052         87.404         177.158         15.355         45.431         1065.381         174.891   

including

                                               
     36.9         175.6         138.7         1.030         0.018         2584.743         4816.890         554.194         1920.640         226.849         47.837         95.523         8.129         26.875         1576.826         133.792   
     175.6         900         724.4         2.172         0.035         5315.665         10369.115         1158.662         4038.428         455.359         95.124         193.087         16.764         49.052         965.587         182.911   

2012-REE-050

     15.3         598.5         583.2         1.734         0.026         4613.005         8300.198         874.151         2950.357         329.761         69.161         139.745         11.817         34.719         1088.701         149.357   

including

                                               
     15.3         69         53.7         1.596         0.017         4062.925         8075.245         795.816         2581.347         258.013         48.199         88.247         7.913         25.608         1705.007         34.938   
     69         428.5         359.5         1.998         0.029         5400.197         9536.751         1000.388         3371.494         367.086         77.803         156.839         13.223         38.085         1199.604         177.808   
     428.5         598.5         170         1.203         0.021         3068.217         5697.269         623.699         2144.532         269.110         56.319         117.110         9.863         29.978         679.672         119.603   

 

 

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HOLE #

   From
(m)
     To
(m)
     Lenght
(m)
     TREO
(%)
     HREO
(%)
     LA2O3
(PPM)
     CE2O3
(PPM)
     PR2O3
(PPM)
     ND2O3
(PPM)
     SM2O3
(PPM)
     EU2O3
(PPM)
     GD2O3
(PPM)
     TB2O3
(PPM)
     DY2O3
(PPM)
     NB2O5
(PPM)
     MO
(PPM)
 

2012-REE-051

     17.6         351         333.4         1.944         0.032         4640.036         9441.023         1050.764         3537.553         430.256         91.846         176.480         13.614         38.032         1053.150         152.371   

including

                                               
     17.6         108.7         91.1         2.950         0.048         7090.736         14299.442         1630.517         5312.676         663.223         140.669         268.895         20.087         51.905         1137.913         99.032   
     108.7         261         152.3         1.985         0.031         4657.211         9720.108         1065.856         3646.668         436.143         90.769         168.858         12.469         33.878         798.630         225.019   
     261         351         90         0.866         0.018         2159.415         4096.458         444.721         1572.357         187.034         44.898         97.340         9.134         31.395         1411.743         79.161   

2012-REE-052

     16.5         900         883.5         1.639         0.027         4194.159         7781.310         844.435         2926.950         341.657         73.633         146.228         12.634         40.335         1355.005         175.477   

including

                                               
     16.5         291         274.5         1.185         0.019         3182.502         5593.808         596.862         2031.509         236.162         50.227         101.294         8.998         30.556         2311.790         80.366   
     291         900         609         1.844         0.031         4653.105         8773.689         956.749         3333.175         389.516         84.252         166.612         14.284         44.771         920.951         218.624   

2012-REE-053

     28         453         425         1.501         0.024         4055.025         7259.172         744.859         2414.246         265.261         60.888         128.733         12.781         42.528         1188.726         72.090   

including

                                               
     28         285         257         1.658         0.029         4381.506         7997.847         831.458         2742.453         309.142         70.660         151.098         15.290         51.946         1146.842         80.818   
     285         453         168         1.254         0.018         3541.984         6098.396         608.774         1898.493         196.306         45.531         93.588         8.838         27.729         1254.545         58.375   

2012-REE-054

     52         900         848         0.539         0.014         1221.536         2516.444         290.444         1063.248         145.501         33.531         71.697         6.704         23.497         1981.693         61.646   

2012-REE-055

     57         273         216         1.747         0.029         3624.357         8269.401         1020.290         3818.925         436.787         86.008         156.708         12.997         35.706         932.960         271.736   

including

                                               
     57         204         147         1.900         0.032         3941.474         9009.774         1093.889         4135.653         480.884         95.044         172.963         14.658         40.614         877.817         287.959   
     204         273         69         1.422         0.022         2948.759         6692.084         863.491         3144.157         342.841         66.757         122.077         9.458         25.249         1050.441         237.174   

2012-REE-056

     43.5         549.6         506.1         2.187         0.032         4611.964         10409.236         1282.806         4732.967         491.539         97.457         174.330         13.683         37.415         839.516         259.782   

including

                                               
     43.5         519         475.5         2.242         0.033         4698.861         10660.187         1319.753         4885.313         509.069         101.007         180.745         14.165         38.483         765.796         267.819   
     519         549.6         30.6         1.297         0.014         3221.607         6394.019         691.6579         2295.437         211.0492         40.64321         71.69281         5.985245         20.31406         2019.043         131.2   

2012-REE-057

     41.6         643.4         601.8         0.643         0.018         1506.955         2973.718         339.740         1233.823         171.645         41.267         90.823         9.031         34.652         2052.576         40.401   

2012-REE-058

     54         351         297         0.966         0.024         1948.914         4478.858         563.508         2139.026         261.260         58.672         127.629         12.189         46.435         797.861         106.490   

including

                                               
     54         149         95         1.319         0.032         2707.639         6197.903         753.758         2862.736         324.329         73.528         162.015         15.862         64.163         817.858         49.156   
     149         351         202         0.800         0.021         1591.867         3669.897         473.979         1798.456         231.581         51.681         111.448         10.461         38.093         788.451         133.471   

 

 

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HOLE #

   From
(m)
     To
(m)
     Lenght
(m)
     TREO
(%)
     HREO
(%)
     LA2O3
(PPM)
     CE2O3
(PPM)
     PR2O3
(PPM)
     ND2O3
(PPM)
     SM2O3
(PPM)
     EU2O3
(PPM)
     GD2O3
(PPM)
     TB2O3
(PPM)
     DY2O3
(PPM)
     NB2O5
(PPM)
     MO
(PPM)
 

2012-REE-059

     20.7         892.6         871.9         0.667         0.019         1555.905         3061.439         357.846         1295.638         185.696         44.471         99.235         9.554         34.113         2327.264         46.334   

including

                                               
     20.7         567         546.3         0.576         0.018         1351.238         2641.873         307.336         1093.862         164.173         41.497         94.483         9.433         35.254         2492.907         46.424   
     567         892.6         325.6         0.819         0.020         1901.398         3769.696         443.110         1636.250         222.028         49.493         107.257         9.757         32.188         2047.645         46.183   

2012-REE-060

     30.8         500         469.2         1.758         0.032         4408.003         8349.976         928.011         3203.072         355.249         79.992         169.717         15.839         51.668         989.617         220.371   

including

                                               
     30.8         459         428.2         1.840         0.033         4610.777         8735.489         970.718         3356.924         372.115         83.674         177.201         16.598         53.941         966.226         234.648   
     459         500         41         0.913         0.017         2307.850         4357.162         485.682         1609.606         180.568         41.851         92.209         7.975         28.118         1231.886         72.500   

2012-REE-061

     54.7         1191         1136.3         1.795         0.029         4701.625         8556.768         932.832         3124.469         320.573         69.397         153.728         15.423         48.419         1724.974         121.326   

including

                                               
     54.7         342         287.3         1.088         0.034         2688.673         4920.464         558.857         2055.235         272.329         67.518         168.306         19.852         81.995         1380.574         54.979   
     342         855         513         2.728         0.033         7253.737         13176.426         1414.928         4650.469         432.966         88.972         186.094         16.757         40.810         1754.331         152.198   
     855         1191         336         0.989         0.017         2563.846         4680.806         523.666         1731.871         192.048         41.462         92.492         9.642         31.330         1973.723         131.202   

 

 

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Item 11. SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSES AND SECURITY

11.1 Sampling Method and Approach

For the exploration purpose, sampling for rare earth elements mineralization is limited to diamond drill core. The complete core logging and core sampling method are described below. Detailed description of the drill core is carried out by experienced and qualified personnel under the supervision of Louis Grenier and Jean-Francois Tremblay, members in good standing of the Ordre des Géologues du Québec.

11.1.1 CORE LOGGING

The core was described by the IOS geologist using the mine geological facies nomenclature, which is based on Soquem modified facies definition (C1, C2, C3, etc.). Description includes the alteration types, the major structures appearance, a visual quantification of the key minerals abundance (Lanthanides, apatite, etc…) and the others minerals associated the mineralization (magnetite, hematite, chlorite-biotite, pyrite, ankerite, barite, fluorite and sphalerite). Rock Quality Designation (RQD) is systematically measured. All the core boxes are photographed and additional detail photos are taken at a smaller scale when necessary. Since the core is slightly radioactive, a BGO-SPEC SUPER RS-230 device from Radiation Solutions Inc. was used to measure the core radiometry. The radiometric readings are giving in Gy/hr and µSv / hr.

Following the 2012 P.-J. Lafleur recommendation, the core was sampled on a nominal 3 metres interval (Figure 18). To respect the geological setting, the samples can be shorter or longer. The logger records the sampling intervals (from, to) in the log. A rock code based on the lithology and mineralogy is assigned to each interval. This rock code has an influence in the resource estimation.

Finally, the hole number, collar coordinates, azimuth, dip, final depth, down-hole survey data, facies description, radiometry core measures and assays (once they have been received) are incorporated, by the geological mine staff, on the computer log using Gemcom Logger and LabLogger softwares. The geological sections are then published using Gems software from Gemcom for the geological interpretation and the grade visualization.

 

 

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Figure 18: Sample lenght distribution, REE project.

 

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11.1.2 CORE SAMPLING

Following the logging procedure described previously, the whole core is sampled based on the intervals identified by the geologist. Core is broken into manageable lengths and cut in half with a diamond blade equipped rock saw. One half is removed from the box and bagged with a serial tag number. The other half is puzzle back into the box with the corresponding analytical tag placed at the beginning of each interval. Core boxes are systematically piled and stored for further needs. Samples bags are shipped in batches (metallic or plastic pails) to IOS warehouse, located at Laterrière (Chicoutimi area, Québec), before shipping to SGS laboratory where the samples are prepared and analyzed.

IOS is a geological service provider independent from IAMGOLD. Samples were prepared by IOS and shipped expeditiously. The quality of their professional services is very high, particularly on issues of sampling and assaying.

It is important to note that several blanks, standard and duplicates samples from IAMGOLD are inserted alternatively every 10 samples (30 metres) approximately. The laboratories also use blanks, standard and duplicates samples of their own to verify their work. The blanks should return no significant REE value within one standard deviation. The standard sample should return their certified REE values within one standard deviation. The duplicates should return the same value as the original sample within a reasonable range of variation. This QA/QC procedure was applies only to the data produced in 2011 and 2012. The details of the QA/QC of historical data (1968 to 1985) are not the same and not entirely documented.

 

 

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11.1.2.1 Blank sample

IAMGOLD is using blanks to check the laboratory. The blank is not a certified commercial blank sample. It is coarse material prepared by IOS coming from a quartz vein near Lac St-Jean. It does carry some very low TREE values (119 ppm) as would be the background value of most rocks. The laboratories should return the “standard blank sample” measured low value grade within the range of measured standard deviation over multiple assays or values below detection limits for these blank samples.

Blanks are not like the certified commercial graded samples designed to test the final assay reading instrument. Those standard samples are delivered as fine powder to the laboratory. The blanks are designed to make sure the sample preparation (crushing, splitting and pulverizing) equipment are clean. Therefore, coarse material is sent to the laboratory in larger quantity (2 Kg) in the usual sample bag. It should have as little REE as possible and is the case. If the blanks return much higher values than its measured grade, it means that the sample preparation facility needs to improve its cleaning procedure. SGS laboratory have been informed of anomalies when they were detected and they applied solutions promptly. The results of using a blank sample in this fashion will inevitably produce results that are more variable than with the certified standard samples. See section 16 for blank results.

11.1.2.2 Standard

Three different commercial certified standard samples were used alternately:

 

1.

Orea S 101a (low grade),

 

2.

Orea S 146 (medium grade) from Ore Research & Exploration PTY Ltd. and

 

3.

GRE-02 (high grade) from Geostat PTY Ltd.

At the beginning of each hole, a low-grade standard, a high grade standard and a blank were inserted (table 8).

11.1.2.3 Check sampling (Core Duplicates)

IAMGOLD took 286 valid duplicate samples using split core to test repeatability of results. The laboratories duplicates would be made from crushed or pulverized rock from the split core.

 

 

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Laboratory duplicates are made of smaller portions that are more homogeneous. The results were good. Below are showed the scatter plots of the four principal REE elements

Table 8: Blank and standard samples values (ppm).

 

STANDARDS

  Ce     Dy     Er     Eu     Gd     Ho     La     Lu     Nd     Pr     Sm     Tb     Tm     Yb     Y     U     Th     TREE  

Blanks

    56        0.3        0.1        0.5        2.0        0.2        29        < 0.05        21        6.3        2.6        0.1        < 0.05        < 0.1        1            119   

OREAS 101a

    1651        38        23        9.3        54        6.9        897        3.1        475        155        52        7.4        3.4        20        198        482        42        3,394   

OREAS 146

    5771        272        108        154        428        45        3068        7.2        2758        656        549        57        12        65        1064        3.4        1119        13,951   

GRE-02

    19308        33        24        167        351        3.7        10449        0.8        8416        2234        866        27        0.7        5.7        69        0.0        0.0        41,886  

11.1.2.4 Check sampling (Core Duplicates)

IAMGOLD took 286 valid duplicate samples using split core to test repeatability of results. The laboratories duplicates would be made from crushed or pulverized rock from the split core. Laboratory duplicates are made of smaller portions that are more homogeneous. The results were good. Below are showed the scatter plots of the four principal REE elements (Figure 19).

 

 

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Figure 19: Core duplicate QA / QC report, REE project 2012.

 

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11.2 SAMPLE PREPARATION

Samples were sent to SGS Minerals Services (“SGS”) of Lakefield in Ontario, where all the samples were prepared (crushed, ground, dried) and analyzed. A summary of the sample preparation is following but the detailed SGS analysis and preparation techniques can be consulted on their website (www.sgs.com).

As a routine practice with core, the entire sample is crushed to a nominal minus 10 mesh (2 mm), mechanically split via a riffle splitter in order to divide the sample into a 250 gr sub-sample for analysis and the remainder is stored as a reject. Samples are pulverized to 85% passing 75 micron (200 mesh) or otherwise specified by client. SGS used their own sample preparation control for more accuracy (Table 9).

Table 9: Internal quality control for sample preparation by SGS Ontario.

 

Crushing

Parametres

 

Frequency

 

Quality Control Requirement

Prep. Blank   At the start of batch   To Clean Crusher
Prep. Replicates   every 50 samples   75% passing 10 mesh (2mm)
Passing Checks   Every 50 samples   75% passing 10 mesh (2mm)

Regarding samples analysis, SGS laboratory used the following methods:

 

 

 

ICM90A, for 55 elements, by sodium peroxide fusion and a combination of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).

 

 

 

IMS91B by sodium peroxide fusion / ICP-MS, for lanthanides surplus upper limit.

11.3 ANALYSIS

11.3.1 ICM90A

Crushed and pulverized rocks are fused by Sodium peroxide in graphite crucibles and dissolved using diluted HNO3. During digestion the sample is split into 2 and half is given to ICP-OES and the other half is given to ICP¬MS. The digested sample solution is analyzed by ICP-OES and ICP-MS. Samples are analyzed against known calibration materials to provide quantitative analysis of the original sample.

The data results fed to the SGS Laboratory Information Management System (SLIM) with secure audit trait are exported online via computer. This method has been fully validated for the range of samples typically analyzed (Table 10). Method validation includes the use of certified reference materials, replicates and blanks to calculate accuracy, precision, linearity, range, detection limits, and limit of quantification, specificity and measurement uncertainty.

 

 

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Table 10: Elements analyzed by ICM 90A.

 

Element

   Reporting
Limit
(ppm)
    Upper
Limit
    Element    Reporting
Limit
(ppm)
    Upper
Limit
    Element    Reporting
Limit
(ppm)
    Upper
limit
    Element    Reporting
Limit
(ppm)
    Upper
Limit
 

Ag

     1.00        0.01   Er      0.05        0.10   Mn      10        10   Tb      0.05        0.10

Al

     0.01 (%)      25   Eu      0.05        0.10   Mo      2.00        1.0   Th      0.10        0.10

As

     5.00        10   Fe      0.01 (%)      30   Nb      1.00        1.0   Ti      0.01 (%)      25

Ba

     0.50        1.0   Ga      1.00        0.10   Nd      0.10        1.0   TI      0.50        0.10

Be

     5.00        0.25   Gd      0.05        0.10   Ni      5.00        1.0   Tm      0.05        0.10

Bi

     0.10        0.10   Ge      1.00        0.10   P      0.01 (%)      25   Ta      0.50        1.0

Ca

     0.01 (%)      35   Hf      1.00        1.0   Pb      5.00        1.0   U      0.05        0.1

Cd

     0.20        1.0   Ho      0.05        0.10   Pr      0.05        0.1   V      5.00        1.0

Ce

     0.10        1.0   In      0.20        0.10   Rb      0.20        1.0   W      1.00        1.0

Co

     0.50        1.0   K      0.01 (%)      25   Sb      0.50        1.0   Y      0.50        0.1

Cr

     10        10   La      0.10        1.0   Sc      5.00        5.0   Yb      0.10        0.1

Cs

     0.10        1.0   Li      10        5.0   Sm      0.10        0.1   Zn      5.00        1.0

Cu

     5.00        1.0   Lu      0.05        0.10   Sn      1.00        1.0   Zr      0.50        1.0

Dy

     0.05        0.1   Mg      0.01 (%)      30   Sr      0.10        1.0       

11.3.2 ICPMS

ICPMS diluted samples to be analyzed on Elan 9000 for 90A samples and Nexion for 91B packages.

Working Calibration solutions and 2nd source calibration check solution was prepared for each analysis run. Re-calibration was done before the analysis of each tray. Additional fusion QC was analyzed every other tray in addition to the QC on each tray.

REE interference corrections were evaluated and corrected.

11.3.3 ICP/OES

Samples are analyzed with a minimum of 10 certified reference materials for the required analyses, all prepared by sodium peroxide fusion. Every 10th sample is prepared and analyzed in duplicate; a blank is prepared every 30 samples and analyzed. Samples are analyzed using a Varian 735ES ICP or a Thermo 6500 ICAP and the method of internal standardization.

For High concentration of REE, the IMS91B analysis technic was used (Table 11).

Crushed and pulverized rock, samples (0.20 gr) are fused by Sodium peroxide in glassy carbon crucibles in a muffle furnace and dissolved using diluted HNO3. The fused solution sample is aspirated into the Inductively Coupled Plasma Dynamic Reaction Cell Mass Spectrometre (ICP-DRC-MS). Samples are analyzed against known calibration materials to provide quantitative analysis of the original sample.

The results are exported via computer, on line, data fed to the SGS Laboratory Information Management System (SLIM) with secure audit trail.

 

 

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Table 11: Reporting limits for REE by IMS91B analysis technic.

 

Element

   Reporting Limits (mg/kg)      Element    Reporting Limit (mg/kg)  

Ce

     50      

Pr

     10   

Dy

     1.0      

Sm

     10   

Er

     0.5      

Tb

     1.0   

Eu

     1.0      

Th

     5.0   

Gd

     5.0      

Tm

     0.10   

Ho

     0.10      

U

     1.0   

La

     50      

Y

     5.0   

Lu

     0.20      

Yb

     1.0   

Nd

     50         

Instrument calibration is performed for each batch or work order and calibration checks are analyzed within each analytical run. Quality control materials include method blanks, replicates, duplicates and reference materials and are randomly inserted with the frequency set according to method protocols at -14%.

Quality assurance measures of precision and accuracy are verified statistically using SLIM control charts with set criteria for data acceptance. Data that fails is subject to investigation and repeated as necessary.

11.4 SAMPLE SECURITY

Core samples collected at the drill site are stored in closed wooden core boxes and are delivered to the core-shack facility by the contractor where it is then taken by mine geology personnel. All core logging and sampling takes place in the core-shack. The site is fenced, monitored by close-circuit video cameras and has a security guard posted at all times at the entrance. After the logging and the splitting process, the samples are bagged and packed into plastic or metal pails for shipping. When a hole is completed, IOS Geoservices personnel collect the pails and bring them to their warehouse. The radiometry of each pail is verified to respect the radiometric transportation rules and the shipment is completed. IOS is an independent contractor specialized in the sample management. They follow rigorous methods verified and approved by IAMGOLD-Niobec geological staff. Finally, a carrier transports the sample to SGS facility where they are handled by the laboratory personnel.

Item 12. Data Verification

12.1 Verification with laboratory certificates

IAMGOLD-Niobec geological team was receiving electronic Laboratory certificates during the entire program. They were verified and numerically archived on the informatics mine system. SGS also kept a certificate version on their SLIM program. They are available at all time.

 

 

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In 2012, the Lablogger software from Gems was used to import the certificate into the Gems data base. The data manipulations were restricted and the probability of error decreased. By referring to only one laboratory, SGS, the certificate presentation were standardized and constant all year long.

Lablogger is also used for the QA / QC program.

12.2 QA / QC program

IAMGOLD carried out a QA/QC program with blanks samples, 3 certified REE standards samples (low, medium and high grade) and core duplicates (discussed in Item 14). This is without mentioning the laboratories own check assays and duplicates. Small anomalies were found through the year and were immediately signaled and corrected by SGS. Re-assayed was realised when necessary. A large number of elements, 15 for REE plus numerous associated elements (Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tb, Tm, Yb, Y, Sc, Nb, U, Th,…), were involved in the QA / QC program but only the four majors REE elements are presented as director line.

12.2.1 Blank sample results and interpretation

The blank sample, which is not a certified commercial blank, is not truly blank. It has a very low average grade of 119 ppm TREE (Table 8) and a relatively high coefficient of variation. The blanks were used 331 times to check the SGS laboratory samples preparation protocol. The TREE averaged valued is 179 ppm and varied from 107 ppm to 334 ppm during the year (Table 12). The coefficient of variation seems to increase with the volume of samples processed in a month. However the average TREE value can reach almost twice the value of the original “blank” sample, those values still very low and near the TREE background limit. Looking at the lanthanum values (Figure 20 and Table 13), the highest level of contamination noticed is 0.06% La (600 ppm). Even if a correction measures was taken in this case, the 0.06% La contamination is very low compared to the 0.4% La mean value for all 2012 samples.

The outliers limits were placed very low for all REEs. In Table 13, the cerium had an all year bad performance with 27% of the sample being above the 100 ppm Ce imposed limit. Once again, even the highest level of Ce contamination (near 1200ppm) is considered marginal compared to the Ce high average value returned in the REE zone. The high variability of the blank samples was not considered problematic for the data base validity.

 

 

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Table 12: QA / QC summary, REE exploration program.

 

    March     April     May     June     July     August     September     October     November     December     YTD  
    Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.        Sent        Rec.   

Samples

    899        13        968        357        1793        1027        818        882        1362        1339        536        1770        1099        761        1292        959        83        1470        12        216        8862        8794   

QA / QC

                                           
    Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check        Assays        Check   
    13        Ratio        357        Ratio        1027        Ratio        882        Ratio        1339        Ratio        1770        Ratio        761        Ratio        959        Ratio        1470        Ratio        216        Ratio        8794        Ratio   

SRM1

                                           

GRE-02

    0        0.00     6        1.68     16        1.56     14        1.59     15        1.12     26        1.47     12        1.58     14        1.46     16        1.09     0        0.00     119        1.35

Oreas 146

    0        0.00     5        1.40     18        1.75     8        0.91     15        1.12     25        1.41     8        1.05     7        0.73     27        1.84     5        2.31     118        1.34

Oreas 101a

    0        0.00     3        0.84     6        0.58     9        1.02     15        1.12     24        1.36     12        1.58     15        1.56     17        1.16     2        0.93     103        1.17
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total SRM

    0        0.00     14        3.92     40        3.89     31        3.51     45        3.36     75        4.24     32        4.20     36        3.75     60        4.08     7        3.24     340        3.87
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Blanks2

    0        0.00     13        3.64     41        3.99     28        3.17     44        3.29     76        4.29     30        3.94     37        3.86     55        3.74     7        3.24     331        3.76

Core duplicate3

    0        0.00     12        3.36     34        3.31     27        3.06     39        2.91     61        3.45     26        3.42     32        3.34     49        3.33     6        2.78     286        3.25
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total QA / QC

    0        0.00     39        10.92     115        11.20     86        9.75     128        9.56     212        11.98     88        11.56     105        10.95     164        11.16     20        9.26     957        10.88
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Figure 20: Blank QA / QC report, REE project 2012.

 

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Table 13: Summary of Blanks results, REE project 2012.

Blank

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  
 

Warning level

    100        100        20        100        10        1        5        1        1        0.1        0.5        0.1        1        0.2        5   

SGS

                               
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

April

 

Number of sample

    13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13        13   
 

Average value

    25.000        45.769        5.000        25.000        5.000        0.500        2.500        0.500        0.500        0.050        0.250        0.050        0.500        0.100        2.500   
 

1 STD

    0.000        37.961        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.000   
 

Coeff. of variation

    0.0     82.9     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
 

Above warning level

    0        1        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    0.0     7.7     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

May

 

Number of sample

    41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41        41   
 

Average value

    39.024        66.951        6.463        28.293        5.000        0.573        2.500        0.500        0.610        0.072        0.273        0.056        0.537        0.110        2.500   
 

1 STD

    26.745        56.190        4.506        11.864        0.000        0.327        0.000        0.000        0.395        0.072        0.148        0.039        0.234        0.044        0.000   
 

Coeff. of variation

    68.5     83.9     69.7     41.9     0.0     57.1     0.0     0.0     64.9     100.8     54.3     69.6     43.7     39.7     0.0
 

Above warning level

    1        11        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        2        1        1        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    2.4     26.8     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     4.9     2.4     2.4     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

June

 

Number of sample

    28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28        28   
 

Average value

    12.463        21.635        7.048        10.541        6.571        5.998        6.214        5.929        6.011        6.089        6.017        5.990        5.979        5.904        6.214   
 

1 STD

    15.991        23.827        12.484        14.263        12.647        12.804        12.727        12.838        12.798        12.770        12.796        12.810        12.813        12.849        12.727   
 

Coeff. of variation

    128.3     110.1     177.1     135.3     192.5     213.5     204.8     216.5     212.9     209.7     212.7     213.8     214.3     217.6     204.8
 

Above warning level

    3        11        2        1        0        0        0        0        0        2        0        1        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    10.7     39.3     7.1     3.6     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     7.1     0.0     3.6     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

July

 

Number of sample

    44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44        44   
 

Average value

    59.205        104.545        10.227        39.886        5.682        0.795        2.773        0.500        0.591        0.057        0.250        0.050        0.500        0.105        2.500   
 

1 STD

    56.732        102.184        11.859        36.047        3.161        0.831        1.269        0.000        0.435        0.032        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.030        0.000   
 

Coeff. of variation

    95.8     97.7     116.0     90.4     55.6     104.4     45.8     0.0     73.6     55.6     0.0     0.0     0.0     28.8     0.0
 

Above warning level

    5        18        3        2        0        2        0        0        1        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    11.4     40.9     6.8     4.5     0.0     4.5     0.0     0.0     2.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

August

 

Number of sample

    76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76        76   
 

Average value

    48.224        89.868        10.000        36.974        5.329        0.750        2.546        0.500        0.546        0.061        0.255        0.050        0.500        0.100        2.559   
 

1 STD

    41.647        80.693        8.406        25.911        1.886        0.520        0.401        0.000        0.247        0.039        0.040        0.000        0.000        0.000        0.516   
 

Coeff. of variation

    86.4     89.8     84.1     70.1     35.4     69.3     15.8     0.0     45.3     63.4     15.8     0.0     0.0     0.0     20.2
 

Above warning level

    5        25        5        2        0        1        0        0        0        1        0        0        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    6.6     32.9     6.6     2.6     0.0     1.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     1.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Blank

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

September

 

Number of sample

    30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30        30   
 

Average value

    80.500        145.500        17.833        69.000        9.333        1.600        4.100        0.567        0.917        0.105        0.318        0.055        0.500        0.100        3.317   
 

1 STD

    134.833        263.796        29.410        108.170        12.847        2.752        4.956        0.286        1.287        0.170        0.272        0.027        0.000        0.000        3.133   
 

Coeff. of variation

    167.5     181.3     164.9     156.8     137.7     172.0     120.9     50.4     140.4     162.3     85.5     49.8     0.0     0.0     94.5
 

Above warning level

    4        9        6        6        2        4        2        0        2        3        1        0        0        0        1   
 

%AWL

    13.3     30.0     20.0     20.0     6.7     13.3     6.7     0.0     6.7     10.0     3.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     3.3
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

October

 

Number of sample

    37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37        37   
 

Average value

    45.270        77.027        9.054        32.297        5.405        0.730        2.770        0.500        0.608        0.069        0.281        0.054        0.541        0.103        2.905   
 

1 STD

    53.515        100.654        9.849        27.147        2.466        0.662        1.200        0.000        0.473        0.084        0.189        0.025        0.247        0.016        1.859   
 

Coeff. of variation

    118.2     130.7     108.8     84.1     45.6     90.8     43.3     0.0     77.8     121.3     67.3     45.6     45.6     16.0     64.0
 

Above warning level

    1        8        1        1        0        1        0        0        1        2        1        0        0        0        1   
 

%AWL

    2.7     21.6     2.7     2.7     0.0     2.7     0.0     0.0     2.7     5.4     2.7     0.0     0.0     0.0     2.7
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

November

 

Number of sample

    55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55        55   
 

Average value

    23.006        37.985        11.413        18.779        9.443        8.561        8.705        8.111        8.365        8.397        8.198        8.118        8.125        8.058        8.619   
 

1 STD

    29.519        51.162        17.039        24.679        17.204        17.413        17.369        17.605        17.492        17.485        17.566        17.603        17.599        17.629        17.397   
 

Coeff. of variation

    128.3     134.7     149.3     131.4     182.2     203.4     199.5     217.0     209.1     208.2     214.3     216.8     216.6     218.8     201.8
 

Above warning level

    2        6        1        1        0        1        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    3.6     10.9     1.8     1.8     0.0     1.8     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December

 

Number of sample

    7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7   
 

Average value

    10.4741        17.2672        6.3272        8.7984        5.9115        6.0043        5.8450        5.8145        5.8246        5.8274        5.8178        5.8148        5.8150        5.8125        5.8392   
 

1 STD

    12.6258        21.7178        6.8208        10.4781        6.7496        6.5471        6.7152        6.7319        6.7193        6.7204        6.7273        6.7318        6.7311        6.7349        6.7150   
 

Coeff. of variation

    120.5     125.8     107.8     119.1     114.2     109.0     114.9     115.8     115.4     115.3     115.6     115.8     115.8     115.9     115.0
 

Above warning level

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

%AWL

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

YTD

 

Number of sample

    331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331        331   
 

Average value

    38.130        67.394        9.263        29.952        6.408        2.835        4.217        2.547        2.664        2.303        2.407        2.249        2.555        2.266        4.106   
 

1 STD

    41.290        82.021        11.153        28.729        6.329        4.651        4.960        4.162        4.428        4.152        4.193        4.137        4.180        4.145        4.705   
 

Coeff. of variation

    108.3     121.7     120.4     95.9     98.8     164.1     117.6     163.4     166.2     180.3     174.2     184.0     163.6     182.9     114.6
 

Above warning level

    21        89        18        13        2        9        2        0        4        10        3        2        0        0        2   
 

%AWL

    6.3     26.9     5.4     3.9     0.6     2.7     0.6     0.0     1.2     3.0     0.9     0.6     0.0     0.0     0.6
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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12.2.2 OREAS 101a results and interpretation

The Oreas 101a was used to verified the REE low grade values accuracy. It is a certified standard provide by an external laboratory. The average value of 3,394 ppm TREE is detailed in Table 8. During 2012, the Oreas 101a was systematically sent at the beginning of each batch (each hole) to test the instruments calibration and after inserted randomly with the others standard to validate the accuracy of the analysis.

The Oreas 101a returned an excellent 2012 QA / QC performance (Figure 21). Two isolated certificate needed more supervision and interpretation. In those cases, on the same certificate the other standard and the blank performance were evaluated. Overall, 103 Oreas 101a standards were analyzed and the percentage of outliers reported is very low. The worst performance is coming from the yttrium element. The yttrium is excluded of the total rare earth element contain and it was analyzed for the geochemical knowledge of the REE zone and does not influence the resource estimation.

The 2012 average value of each element is generally under the certified average value (Table 14) which means a probable under evaluation of the REE contain on the rare low grading assays.

Based on the previous observations, the REE lower grade samples were controlled and their data are validated for the purpose of this 43-101 report.

12.2.3 OREAS 146 results and interpretation

The Oreas 146 was used to verify the medium grade REE values accuracy. This certified standard is provided by an external laboratory and the average value of 13,951 ppm TREE is detailed in Table 8. During the 2012 drilling program, the Oreas 146 was inserted randomly with the others standard to validate the accuracy of the analysis.

The Oreas 146 returned an excellent QA / QC performance during all year long (Figure 22). No assays returned values over or under twice the standard deviation limits for the main REE elements. Only the lutetium and the yttrium have shown outlier’s values. For both elements, it was judge has isolated cases and not enough significant to altered the data base quality.

Better QA / QC statistic cannot be hoped for a standard. The year average value of each element is almost the same has the certified average value (Table 15) and the coefficient of variation is very low. The Oreas 146 confirmed the laboratory expertise and increased the confidence level of the data base, especially for the medium grade assays.

 

 

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Figure 21: OREAS 101a QA / QC report, REE project 2012.

 

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LOGO

LOGO

 

 

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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

Table 14: Summary of the OREAS 101a QA / QC results, REE project 2012.

Oreas-101a

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  
 

Certified Value

    816        1396        134        403        48.8        8.06        43.4        5.92        33.3        6.46        19.5        2.9        17.5        2.66        183   
 

Tolerance

    62        131        12        40        3.8        0.72        5.9        0.71        2.3        0.52        1.8        0.22        1.7        0.19        8   
 

Coefficient of variation

    7.60     9.38     8.96     9.93     7.79     8.93     13.59     11.99     6.91     8.05     9.23     7.59     9.71     7.14     4.37

SGS

                               
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

April

 

Number of sample

    3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3   
 

Average value

    823.3        1426.7        130.0        406.7        50.0        8.0        39.7        6.0        33.3        6.8        19.6        2.9        19.0        2.7        173.3   
 

1 STD

    5.8        15.3        0.0        5.8        0.0        0.0        0.6        0.0        0.6        0.1        0.2        0.1        0.0        0.1        2.1   
 

Coefficient of variation

    0.7     1.1     0.0     1.4     0.0     0.0     1.5     0.0     1.7     0.8     1.1     2.0     0.0     2.1     1.2
 

% Difference on average

    0.9     2.2     3.0     0.9     2.5     0.7     8.6     1.4     0.1     5.8     0.7     1.1     8.6     2.8     5.3
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

May

 

Number of sample

    6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6   
 

Average value

    826.7        1401.7        133.3        406.7        51.7        8.2        39.0        6.0        33.0        6.7        20.3        2.9        18.8        2.7        179.3   
 

1 STD

    32.0        42.6        5.2        15.1        4.1        0.4        2.2        0.0        1.3        0.1        1.1        0.1        0.4        0.1        3.4   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.9     3.0     3.9     3.7     7.9     5.0     5.6     0.0     3.8     1.8     5.3     2.8     2.2     2.8     1.9
 

% Difference on average

    1.3     0.4     0.5     0.9     5.9     1.3     10.1     1.4     0.9     3.2     4.1     1.1     7.6     2.1     2.0
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        1        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     16.7     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

June

 

Number of sample

    9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9        9   
 

Average value

    109.2        182.4        19.2        54.6        9.0        3.0        7.0        2.6        6.2        2.7        4.6        2.3        4.3        2.2        24.7   
 

1 STD

    290.1        492.9        46.3        142.4        17.5        4.0        13.3        3.7        11.4        3.8        7.2        3.5        6.8        3.5        62.6   
 

Coefficient of variation

    265.6     270.2     241.0     260.8     194.8     136.6     189.4     142.3     184.3     139.7     158.2     154.3     158.6     155.9     253.0
 

% Difference on average

    86.6     86.9     85.7     86.5     81.5     63.3     83.8     55.6     81.5     57.7     76.6     22.2     75.5     16.2     86.5
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

July

 

Number of sample

    15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15   
 

Average value

    825.3        1385.3        132.0        406.0        50.0        8.0        38.0        5.9        32.5        6.6        19.7        2.9        18.6        2.7        173.5   
 

1 STD

    22.3        38.9        4.1        10.6        0.0        0.0        1.4        0.3        0.9        0.1        0.6        0.1        0.6        0.1        6.7   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.7     2.8     3.1     2.6     0.0     0.0     3.6     4.4     2.8     1.5     3.0     3.2     3.4     2.4     3.9
 

% Difference on average

    1.1     0.8     1.5     0.7     2.5     0.7     12.4     0.2     2.3     2.9     1.0     1.6     6.3     0.0     5.2
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        3   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     20.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

Oreas-101a

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

August

 

Number of sample

    24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24        24   
 

Average value

    102.7        171.2        18.6        51.8        8.8        3.5        7.2        3.3        6.5        3.3        4.9        2.9        4.8        2.9        24.0   
 

1 STD

    249.1        421.2        39.6        122.2        15.6        6.3        12.2        6.1        10.8        6.2        7.9        6.1        7.7        6.1        52.7   
 

Coefficient of variation

    242.5     246.0     212.4     236.0     177.2     178.3     168.8     187.8     166.4     184.6     159.5     207.3     160.7     209.2     219.3
 

% Difference on average

    87.4     87.7     86.1     87.2     82.0     56.5     83.3     44.8     80.6     48.3     74.6     1.1     72.8     9.2     86.9
 

Nb. Outliers

    1        1        1        1        1        1        0        1        1        1        1        1        1        1        1   
 

% Outliers

    4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     0.0     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2     4.2
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

September

 

Number of sample

    12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12   
 

Average value

    825.0        1380.8        133.3        401.7        50.0        8.0        37.8        5.8        32.3        6.6        20.0        2.8        18.6        2.6        172.4   
 

1 STD

    27.5        65.6        6.5        14.7        0.0        0.4        1.3        0.4        1.4        0.2        0.8        0.1        0.7        0.1        4.7   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.3     4.7     4.9     3.7     0.0     5.3     3.3     6.7     4.2     3.3     4.1     3.2     3.6     4.5     2.7
 

% Difference on average

    1.1     1.1     0.5     0.3     2.5     0.7     12.8     1.5     3.2     2.2     2.4     2.0     6.2     2.6     5.8
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        2   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     16.7
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

October

 

Number of sample

    15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15   
 

Average value

    822.0        1380.7        131.3        400.7        50.0        8.1        37.2        5.7        31.9        6.5        19.7        2.8        18.6        2.6        173.1   
 

1 STD

    31.0        55.7        7.4        16.7        0.0        0.3        1.0        0.5        0.5        0.2        0.4        0.1        0.5        0.1        2.9   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.8     4.0     5.7     4.2     0.0     3.2     2.7     8.6     1.4     2.3     2.1     2.2     2.7     4.0     1.7
 

% Difference on average

    0.7     1.1     2.0     0.6     2.5     0.1     14.3     4.3     4.1     0.6     0.8     1.8     6.3     0.8     5.4
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

November

 

Number of sample

    17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17        17   
 

Average value

    1115.3        1951.8        206.5        728.8        122.9        29.5        95.1        12.6        66.6        12.1        32.0        4.2        24.9        3.3        309.2   
 

1 STD

    638.7        1267.2        165.7        724.3        162.5        47.5        127.3        15.4        76.2        12.1        26.6        2.9        14.4        1.6        306.3   
 

Coefficient of variation

    57.3     64.9     80.3     99.4     132.2     161.2     133.9     122.1     114.5     100.4     83.3     69.4     57.8     47.4     99.1
 

% Difference on average

    36.7     39.8     54.1     80.8     151.9     265.6     119.0     113.6     100.0     86.7     64.1     43.4     42.2     25.8     68.9
 

Nb. Outliers

    3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        3        5   
 

% Outliers

    17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     17.6     29.4
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December

 

Number of sample

    2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2        2   
 

Average value

    870.0        1400.0        130.0        395.0        50.0        8.0        38.0        6.0        31.5        6.7        20.4        3.0        18.5        2.7        172.5   
 

1 STD

    42.4        84.9        0.0        21.2        0.0        0.0        0.0        0.0        0.7        0.1        0.5        0.1        0.7        0.1        4.9   
 

Coefficient of variation

    4.9     6.1     0.0     5.4     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     2.2     1.1     2.4     2.4     3.8     5.2     2.9
 

% Difference on average

    6.6     0.3     3.0     2.0     2.5     0.7     12.4     1.4     5.4     2.9     4.4     1.7     5.7     1.5     5.7
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Oreas-101a

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

YTD

 

Number of sample

    103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103        103   
 

Average value

    650.5        1091.1        103.5        315.4        39.9        6.8        30.5        5.2        25.9        5.7        16.1        2.8        15.1        2.6        136.6   
 

1 STD

    87.5        152.1        13.6        43.6        4.6        1.4        4.0        1.4        3.4        1.3        2.3        1.3        2.2        1.3        17.5   
 

Coefficient of variation

    13.5     13.9     13.2     13.8     11.6     20.8     13.1     26.6     13.2     23.3     14.5     44.5     14.4     47.8     12.8
 

% Difference on average

    20.3     21.8     22.8     21.7     18.2     15.2     29.7     12.7     22.2     11.1     17.2     3.1     13.4     0.5     25.3
 

Nb. Outliers

    4        4        4        4        5        4        3        4        4        4        4        4        4        4        11   
 

% Outliers

    3.9     3.9     3.9     3.9     4.9     3.9     2.9     3.9     3.9     3.9     3.9     3.9     3.9     3.9     10.7
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation–Updated mineral resource estimate for rare earth elements

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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

Figure 22: OREAS 146 QA / QC report, REE project 2012.

 

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  NI-43-101 Technical Report

 

 

Table 15: Summary of the OREAS 146 QA / QC results, REE exploration project.

Oreas-146

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  
 

Certified Value

    2513        4691        548        2182        441        127        359        47.2        224        36.8        87.7        9.9        53.5        6.3        905   
 

Tolerance

    185        360        36        192        36        9        23        3.4        16        2.7        7        0.8        3.9        0.3        53   
 

Coefficient of variation

    7.36     7.67     6.57     8.80     8.16     7.09     6.41     7.20     7.14     7.34     7.98     8.08     7.29     4.76     5.86

SGS

                               
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

April

 

Number of sample

    5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5   
 

Average value

    2532.0        4768.0        540.0        2236.0        442.0        124.8        368.4        49.8        231.0        37.9        84.6        10.1        54.4        6.8        897.4   
 

1 STD

    71.9        84.1        7.1        31.3        8.4        2.2        7.8        0.8        2.4        0.4        1.8        0.1        1.1        0.2        25.1   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.8     1.8     1.3     1.4     1.9     1.7     2.1     1.7     1.1     1.0     2.1     1.5     2.1     2.4     2.8
 

% Difference on average

    0.8     1.6     1.5     2.5     0.2     1.7     2.6     5.5     3.1     3.0     3.6     2.2     1.7     7.6     0.8
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        1        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     20.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

May

 

Number of sample

    18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18        18   
 

Average value

    2553.3        4763.3        553.9        2230.0        448.9        127.4        355.1        47.1        224.6        36.5        85.8        10.0        53.6        6.6        900.1   
 

1 STD

    103.1        156.5        17.5        99.2        14.5        4.8        14.5        1.7        8.3        0.8        2.4        0.3        1.3        0.3        28.1   
 

Coefficient of variation

    4.0     3.3     3.2     4.4     3.2     3.8     4.1     3.7     3.7     2.2     2.8     2.5     2.4     4.4     3.1
 

% Difference on average

    1.6     1.5     1.1     2.2     1.8     0.3     1.1     0.3     0.3     0.9     2.2     1.0     0.2     4.7     0.5
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        1        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     5.6     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

June

 

Number of sample

    8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8   
 

Average value

    2533.8        4755.0        551.3        2197.5        451.3        126.1        365.8        48.3        222.9        37.4        87.7        10.1        53.6        6.5        897.0   
 

1 STD

    76.0        125.2        18.9        94.4        15.5        3.7        7.3        2.3        5.1        0.8        1.4        0.2        1.2        0.2        13.2   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.0     2.6     3.4     4.3     3.4     2.9     2.0     4.7     2.3     2.0     1.6     1.9     2.2     2.8     1.5
 

% Difference on average

    0.8     1.4     0.6     0.7     2.3     0.7     1.9     2.2     0.5     1.6     0.0     2.0     0.2     3.8     0.9
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

July

 

Number of sample

    15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15   
 

Average value

    2555.3        4743.3        562.0        2231.3        454.7        128.4        360.9        48.5        229.1        37.2        86.9        10.1        54.0        6.6        915.2   
 

1 STD

    57.2        99.4        14.2        80.3        15.5        3.9        13.6        1.3        6.0        0.7        2.3        0.3        1.5        0.2        26.8   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.2     2.1     2.5     3.6     3.4     3.1     3.8     2.7     2.6     1.8     2.7     2.9     2.7     2.7     2.9
 

% Difference on average

    1.7     1.1     2.6     2.3     3.1     1.1     0.5     2.7     2.3     1.2     0.9     2.5     0.9     4.2     1.1
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Oreas-146

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

August

 

Number of sample

    25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25        25   
 

Average value

    2527.6        4687.6        549.6        2214.0        453.6        128.1        363.0        48.4        227.4        36.9        87.2        10.0        53.7        6.5        912.0   
 

1 STD

    76.4        103.0        18.1        71.0        12.9        3.3        9.6        1.0        4.2        0.5        1.8        0.2        1.3        0.2        19.3   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.0     2.2     3.3     3.2     2.8     2.6     2.6     2.0     1.8     1.5     2.1     2.3     2.4     3.1     2.1
 

% Difference on average

    0.6     0.1     0.3     1.5     2.9     0.9     1.1     2.5     1.5     0.2     0.5     1.1     0.3     3.2     0.8
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

September

 

Number of sample

    8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8        8   
 

Average value

    2565.0        4706.3        562.5        2227.5        453.8        129.5        363.6        47.4        219.8        37.0        87.0        10.0        52.9        6.4        898.1   
 

1 STD

    66.3        96.4        20.5        60.9        16.0        3.3        9.7        1.8        5.6        1.2        2.7        0.3        0.6        0.3        18.6   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.6     2.0     3.6     2.7     3.5     2.5     2.7     3.9     2.5     3.1     3.1     3.2     1.2     5.3     2.1
 

% Difference on average

    2.1     0.3     2.6     2.1     2.9     2.0     1.3     0.4     1.9     0.5     0.8     0.5     1.2     1.4     0.8
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

October

 

Number of sample

    7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7        7   
 

Average value

    2518.6        4677.1        542.9        2182.9        452.9        127.1        360.7        47.0        226.0        36.7        86.1        10.1        54.3        6.5        924.3   
 

1 STD

    149.2        152.8        30.9        121.2        21.4        5.6        14.5        2.2        5.8        0.8        3.8        0.3        1.0        0.3        70.9   
 

Coefficient of variation

    5.9     3.3     5.7     5.6     4.7     4.4     4.0     4.6     2.6     2.3     4.4     2.5     1.8     4.6     7.7
 

% Difference on average

    0.2     0.3     0.9     0.0     2.7     0.1     0.5     0.4     0.9     0.3     1.8     2.5     1.5     3.6     2.1
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        1   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     14.3
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

November

 

Number of sample

    27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27        27   
 

Average value

    2580.0        4713.0        558.9        2235.6        455.6        128.5        358.3        46.3        222.9        37.0        86.6        10.0        53.5        6.5        907.8   
 

1 STD

    75.8        143.8        15.5        71.2        14.0        3.0        13.7        2.0        4.3        0.7        2.0        0.2        1.4        0.2        23.9   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.9     3.1     2.8     3.2     3.1     2.4     3.8     4.4     1.9     2.0     2.3     1.9     2.6     2.5     2.6
 

% Difference on average

    2.7     0.5     2.0     2.5     3.3     1.2     0.2     1.8     0.5     0.6     1.3     1.4     0.0     2.7     0.3
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December

 

Number of sample

    5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5        5   
 

Average value

    2592.0        4742.0        556.0        2210.0        456.0        129.2        361.4        48.4        222.0        36.8        87.6        10.1        53.4        6.3        900.8   
 

1 STD

    41.5        131.6        21.9        80.6        8.9        2.5        5.0        0.9        4.8        0.7        0.8        0.2        1.1        0.3        15.4   
 

Coefficient of variation

    1.6     2.8     3.9     3.6     2.0     1.9     1.4     1.8     2.2     1.9     1.0     1.5     2.1     5.1     1.7
 

% Difference on average

    3.1     1.1     1.5     1.3     3.4     1.7     0.7     2.5     0.9     0.1     0.1     1.6     0.2     0.3     0.5
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Oreas-146

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

YTD

 

Number of sample

    118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118        118   
 

Average value

    2547.2        4730.3        552.3        2216.1        451.6        127.6        362.4        48.1        225.3        37.0        86.6        10.1        53.7        6.5        905.6   
 

1 STD

    80.2        118.6        18.7        79.9        14.1        3.7        10.3        1.5        5.3        0.7        2.1        0.2        1.1        0.2        27.2   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.1     2.5     3.4     3.6     3.1     2.9     2.8     3.1     2.4     2.0     2.5     2.3     2.1     3.8     3.0
 

% Difference on average

    1.4     0.8     0.8     1.6     2.4     0.5     0.9     1.9     0.6     0.7     1.2     1.7     0.4     3.6     0.1
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        2        1   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     1.7     0.8
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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12.2.4 GRE 02 results and interpretation

The GRE 02 was used to verify the REE high grade values accuracy. It is a certified standard is provided by an external laboratory and the average value of 41,886 ppm TREE is detailed in Table 8. During 2012, the GRE 02 was sent systematically at the beginning of each batch (each hole) to test the instruments calibration and inserted randomly with the others standard to validate the accuracy of the analysis.

The GRE 02 returned a good QA / QC performance during all year long (Figure 23) with a more wide-ranging tendency in the last quarter. The high variation on the low REEs values, especially in the heavy rare earth element rage, for a high grade standard like the GRE 02 is considered normal.

Overall, 119 GRE 02 standards were analyzed. The number of outliers for the lanthanum is elevated but the year total average values are similar to the average certified value (Table 16). The coefficient of variation was higher compared to the certified value. On the other hand, the cerium performed better. The all year average value of dysprosium is inferior compared to the certified value. The large amount of the under limit outliers suggest a probable global under estimation of the dysprosium resource for the high grade zone.

Knowing the complexity of analyzing 15 elements with contrasting proportion, the laboratory results for the high grade values are judged acceptable for the resource estimation.

12.3 12.4 Historical Data Verification

The geological data generated after the 1968 discovery up to 1978 included some 546 samples tested for REE over 2,444 metres inside and outside the REE Zone. Most of the assays done on a regular basis were reported on the “paper” (now in PDF) logs for La2O3. The few of those drill holes inside the REE Zone are either surrounded by new data, therefore of no importance, or a good temporary support where new data is in progress. The older historical data identified the presence of REE but this data is shallow compared with more recent data (1985, 2011 and 2012).

The data from the surface drill holes 85-01, 85-02 and 85-03 were compared to the data produced by IAMGOLD in 2011. The quality of the data is better today. The 2012 drilling program made the older data least insignificant in number.

At this stage of the REE project exploration, the older historical data is useless. The mineral resource was estimated without this old data.

 

 

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Figure 23: GRE 02 QA / QC report, REE project 2012.

 

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Table 16: Summary of the GRE-02 QA / QC results.

GRE-02

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  
 

Certified Value

    9786        16797        1883        7048        769.2        139.9        262.2        14.62        28.56        2.87        7.96        0.527        2.96        0.42        55.97   
 

Tolerance

    221        837        117        456        32.2        9.07        29.6        4.13        1.51        0.27        5.29        0.066        0.91        0.14        4.39   
 

Coefficien tof variation

    2.26     4.98     6.21     6.47     4.19     6.48     11.29     28.25     5.29     9.41     66.46     12.52     30.74     33.33     7.84

SGS

                               
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

April

 

Number of sample

    6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6        6   
 

Average value

    9658.3        16916.7        1913.3        7406.7        770.0        141.2        232.5        14.2        26.2        3.0        4.8        0.5        2.3        0.3        51.3   
 

1 STD

    186.3        318.9        50.5        146.0        20.0        6.8        25.6        2.6        1.0        0.1        0.3        0.1        0.5        0.0        1.2   
 

Coefficient of variation

    1.9     1.9     2.6     2.0     2.6     4.8     11.0     18.1     3.8     4.0     6.3     12.6     22.1     12.9     2.4
 

% Diff. on average

    1.3     0.7     1.6     5.1     0.1     0.9     11.3     3.1     8.4     5.7     39.7     5.1     21.2     24.6     8.3
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        0        0        0        0        1        0        2        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     16.7     0.0     33.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

May

 

Number of sample

    16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16   
 

Average value

    9545.0        16468.8        1914.4        7186.9        747.5        140.4        234.1        13.9        26.1        3.0        5.1        0.5        2.3        0.3        51.4   
 

1 STD

    262.2        406.2        48.8        350.3        28.4        4.7        16.5        2.0        1.2        0.1        0.2        0.1        0.5        0.1        1.7   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.7     2.5     2.6     4.9     3.8     3.4     7.1     14.7     4.6     3.0     4.5     10.5     20.7     18.2     3.3
 

% Diff. on average

    2.5     2.0     1.7     2.0     2.8     0.4     10.7     4.7     8.5     4.5     36.6     1.6     21.9     21.1     8.1
 

Nb. Outliers

    4        0        0        1        1        0        0        0        4        0        0        1        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    25.0     0.0     0.0     6.3     6.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     25.0     0.0     0.0     6.3     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

June

 

Number of sample

    14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14   
 

Average value

    9577.9        16578.6        1916.4        7156.4        757.9        138.3        227.8        13.4        25.4        3.0        5.0        0.5        2.1        0.3        50.9   
 

1 STD

    184.6        215.5        31.3        183.0        18.9        3.9        15.1        1.3        1.1        0.1        0.1        0.0        0.3        0.0        1.4   
 

Coefficient of variation

    1.9     1.3     1.6     2.6     2.5     2.8     6.6     10.0     4.3     4.3     2.0     0.0     12.9     11.6     2.7
 

% Diff. on average

    2.1     1.3     1.8     1.5     1.5     1.2     13.1     8.6     11.2     3.3     37.1     5.1     30.0     25.2     9.0
 

Nb. Outliers

    1        0        0        0        0        0        1        0        9        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    7.1     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     7.1     0.0     64.3     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

July

 

Number of sample

    15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15        15   
 

Average value

    9646.0        16360.0        1952.7        7310.0        772.0        141.0        228.7        13.7        25.2        3.0        5.0        0.5        2.0        0.3        50.3   
 

1 STD

    270.4        282.3        54.6        323.2        31.4        5.3        11.4        2.0        0.8        0.1        0.2        0.0        0.0        0.0        1.5   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.8     1.7     2.8     4.4     4.1     3.7     5.0     14.5     3.1     4.3     3.9     0.0     0.0     8.4     3.1
 

% Diff. on average

    1.4     2.6     3.7     3.7     0.4     0.8     12.8     6.5     11.8     4.3     37.6     5.1     32.4     27.0     10.2
 

Nb. Outliers

    1        0        0        1        1        0        0        0        9        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    6.7     0.0     0.0     6.7     6.7     0.0     0.0     0.0     60.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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GRE-02

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

August

 

Number of sample

    26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26        26   
 

Average value

    9725.8        16600.0        1953.8        7235.8        766.5        138.5        237.1        15.0        26.0        3.1        5.3        0.5        2.2        0.3        50.9   
 

1 STD

    217.5        511.5        56.9        171.4        18.5        4.6        15.6        2.1        0.7        0.2        0.2        0.0        0.4        0.0        1.1   
 

Coefficient of variation

    2.2     3.1     2.9     2.4     2.4     3.3     6.6     14.0     2.9     5.4     4.6     8.4     19.3     13.3     2.1
 

% Diff. on average

    0.6     1.2     3.8     2.7     0.3     1.0     9.6     2.9     9.0     9.0     33.1     2.9     24.6     23.1     9.0
 

Nb. Outliers

    0        0        1        0        0        0        1        0        5        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    0.0     0.0     3.8     0.0     0.0     0.0     3.8     0.0     19.2     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

September

 

Number of sample

    12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12        12   
 

Average value

    9688.3        16975.0        1975.0        7223.3        773.3        140.0        217.3        11.7        25.0        3.1        5.2        0.5        2.3        0.3        51.2   
 

1 STD

    616.6        762.9        104.2        504.2        42.1        8.9        16.5        1.4        1.3        0.1        0.2        0.0        0.5        0.0        1.9   
 

Coefficient of variation

    6.4     4.5     5.3     7.0     5.4     6.3     7.6     12.3     5.4     3.6     4.4     5.9     20.1     12.3     3.8
 

% Diff. on average

    1.0     1.1     4.9     2.5     0.5     0.1     17.1     20.2     12.5     7.4     35.1     6.7     24.0     24.6     8.6
 

Nb. Outliers

    2        1        0        1        1        1        2        0        6        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    16.7     8.3     0.0     8.3     8.3     8.3     16.7     0.0     50.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

October

 

Number of sample

    14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14        14   
 

Average value

    9643.6        16764.3        1922.9        7214.3        763.6        139.1        216.4        12.2        24.9        3.1        5.2        0.5        2.2        0.3        51.6   
 

1 STD

    333.8        703.4        50.8        183.4        23.1        5.2        5.4        0.6        0.5        0.1        0.2        0.0        0.4        0.0        2.0   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.5     4.2     2.6     2.5     3.0     3.7     2.5     4.7     1.9     2.9     3.4     0.0     19.2     8.7     3.8
 

% Diff. on average

    1.5     0.2     2.1     2.4     0.7     0.6     17.5     16.5     12.7     7.3     34.4     5.1     25.2     26.9     7.7
 

Nb. Outliers

    3        1        0        0        0        0        0        0        13        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

% Outliers

    21.4     7.1     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     92.9     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

November

 

Number of sample

    16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16        16   
 

Average value

    9651.3        16375.0        1948.1        7340.0        776.9        139.1        230.4        13.1        25.8        3.0        5.1        0.5        2.1        0.3        51.2   
 

1 STD

    592.8        1045.9        120.8        357.3        39.3        6.2        17.1        1.7        0.7        0.1        0.2        0.0        0.3        0.0        2.4   
 

Coefficient of variation

    6.1     6.4     6.2     4.9     5.1     4.4     7.4     13.3     2.7     4.3     4.4     0.0     16.1     12.6     4.7
 

% Diff. on average

    1.4     2.5     3.5     4.1     1.0     0.6     12.1     10.7     9.8     5.6     35.9     5.1     28.2     24.1     8.5
 

Nb. Outliers

    6        2        3        1        2        0        1        0        4        0        0        0        0        0        1   
 

% Outliers

    37.5     12.5     18.8     6.3     12.5     0.0     6.3     0.0     25.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     6.3
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December

 

Number of sample

    0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   
 

Average value

                             
 

1 STD

                             
 

Coefficient of variation

    N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A   
 

% Diff. on average

    N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A   
 

Nb. Outliers

                             
 

% Outliers

    N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A        N/A   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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GRE-02

 

   

REE

  La     Ce     Pr     Nd     Sm     Eu     Gd     Tb     Dy     Ho     Er     Tm     Yb     Lu     Y  

YTD

 

Number of sample

    119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119        119   
 

Average value

    9640.7        16666.2        1935.5        7247.6        764.4        139.8        227.7        13.4        25.5        3.0        5.1        0.5        2.2        0.3        51.1   
 

1 STD

    295.9        457.2        56.7        265.9        26.1        5.6        15.2        1.7        0.9        0.1        0.2        0.0        0.4        0.0        1.5   
 

Coefficient of variation

    3.1     2.7     2.9     3.7     3.4     4.0     6.7     12.8     3.7     3.9     4.1     5.4     16.7     12.3     3.0
 

% Diff. on average

    1.5     0.8     2.8     2.8     0.6     0.1     13.2     8.1     10.6     5.9     36.2     4.5     25.6     24.6     8.7
 

Nb. Outliers

    17        4        4        4        5        1        6        0        52        0        0        1        0        0        1   
 

% Outliers

    14.3     3.4     3.4     3.4     4.2     0.8     5.0     0.0     43.7     0.0     0.0     0.8     0.0     0.0     0.8
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Item 13. MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING

Preliminary metallurgical testwork was initiated. Four metallurgical drill holes were executed in March 2011 to provide the metallurgical samples. Samples from two drill holes were combined to make a master composite to begin the metallurgical testwork. In july 2012, all the rejects coming from the 2011 drilling campaign was assembled and sent to a laboratory for a pilot test. In 2012, an exploration drift was developed in the core of the REE zone, about 300m below surface equivalent to mine level 1150, giving and all year round accessibility. About 3,500 tonnes of bulk material was also stocked underground for future study. Testwork still ongoing and the sections below are based on the 2011 evaluation.

13.1 Mineralogy

Mineralogy (QEMSCAM) has been done on three historical drill hole core samples and two additional on two selected new core samples from 2011 drill holes. The objectives of those mineralogy tests were to identify the major REO minerals, the grain size and form (shape and other physical properties). The major REO identified are Bastnaesite and Monazite in fine cluster assemblage.

Additional mineralogy (QEMSCAM) will be performed on new drillholes to try to do a mapping of the REO minerals to confirm their types and the particle size variability inside the deposit.

13.2 Metallurgical testwork

Metallurgical testwork are ongoing on the cumulate material. Different physical separation methods are investigated including gravity, magnetic, flotation and attrition scrubbing. Preliminary testwork showed results in the range of 58% to 70% REO recovery in a 25% to 40% mass pull respectively. Flotation as per other methodologies continues to improve concentration ratio. Preliminary pre leach tests showed a mass reduction in the range of 80% with the majority of the REO reporting to solid. Additional pre leach test are ongoing as well as REO extraction leach tests.

An average recovery of TREO of 53.5% was assumed for the estimate of the mineral resources.

Item 14. MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES

14.1 Presentation of the REE Zone Mineral Resources Estimates

This section provides the Mineral Resource Estimates for REE Zone. All drilling information available through October 9, 2012 was used for this estimate. The REE resource corresponds to an enriched zone of light REEs (“LREE”) which is characteristic of the annular carbonatite type. Grades were interpolated using the Ordinary Kriging (OK) method. The estimated resource is enclosed within the core of the carbonatite complex. In 2012, the near surface “footprint” of the mineralization has been confirmed in all directions Mineral resource classification is classified in accordance with the Canadian Institute of Mining Standards (Table 17).

 

 

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Table 17: Resource Estimate

REE Zone Resource Mineral Estimate (cut off @ 0.5% TREO)

 

                            Light REO     Heavy REO  
    Tonnes     Grade     TREO
Cont.
    HREO     Ce2O3     La2O3     Nd2O3     Pr2O3     Sm2O3     Gd2O3     Eu2O3     Dy2O3     Tb2O3     Er2O3     Ho2O3     Yb2O3     Tm2O3     Lu2O3  
    Millions     % TREO     Millions kg     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)     (ppm)  

Measured

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —                   

Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Measured and Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Inferred

    527.2        1.83        9,651.7        277        8046        4298        2968        869        314        141        67        37        12        8        5        5        1        1   

 

1.

CIM definitions were followed for Mineral Resources Classification

2.

Mineral Resource were estimated by Réjean Sirois, ing., Vice President, Geology and Resources, G Mining Services Inc.

3.

Mineral Resource are estimated at a cut-off grade of 0.5% TREO

4.

Estimated resource is enclosed within the core of the carbonatite complex and are confined between the bedrock and 700 meters below surface

5.

Numbers may not add due to rounding

 

 

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14.1.1 Methodology

14.1.1.1 Software

The Gems LabLogger and Logger software application from Gemcom Software International Inc. were used for core logging, database management, modeling the geology, analyzing the data, to perform the grade interpolations, to create and manage the block model as well as report the mineral resources. The software was used by Louis Grenier and supervised by Réjean Sirois, the qualified person for the resource evaluation according to the NI 43-101.

14.1.1.2 Data

The systematic drilling program of 2011 and 2012, confirmed the results found in the historical drill holes. The question was raised as to whether the historical data should be used in the mineral resource estimation of 2012. Every project goes through the same process of discovery and evaluation from sparse data to detailed data. Each activity from exploration through development and production has different goals and method of investigation. Between 1968 and 1985, the carbonatite hosting the REE Zone was discovered and studied using various means, including drilling, airborne and ground geophysics, mapping, bulk sampling, petrographic and mineralogy studies, etc. Some 22 shallow surface drill holes were assayed for REE, some sporadically (1968 to 1978), some systematically (1985) and 18 drill holes reported an REE Zone intersect. The original hand written drill logs (in PDF) reported values for La2O3 only (to represent the REE group) in the first 15 drill holes (1968 to 1978). The 3 drill holes from 1985 report 22 assays, including the major REE. All available data were captured into Gems database.

All historical drill holes compared favorably to the 2011 and 2012 drilling results. Most of this data, especially from the period of 1968 to 1978 does not have the QA/QC support to comply with the NI 43-101 requirement. The historical data deemed to match the geology and the new grade data available. In fact, it made little difference whether it is used or not. Since new data has been acquired in 2012, the historical data (1968 to 1985) were put aside to favor a more uniform quality of data. The following table summarizes the database tables and fields used for the resources estimation as at 31st of December 2012.

Table 18: Statistics summary of the original assay intervals used in the 2012 resource estimation.

 

Samples statistics

   2012-12-31  

Number of samples

     15,973   

Average length (m)

     2.21   

Minimum (ppm TREO)

     89.82   

Maximum (ppm TREO)

     123,403   

Mean (ppm TREO)

     17,107   

Median (ppm TREO)

     16,611   

Variance

     91,535,770   

Standard deviation

     9,567   

Coefficient of variation

     0.56   

 

 

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14.1.1.3 Composites

Compositing is a technique to group existing samples so they have the same support length and are suitable for the interpolation process on a 3D grid block model. Drilling and sampling are performed on sections where the access is available to take the samples most efficiently. Drilling is also a process of delineating the shape of a mineral resources and increasing the details as the exploration program is ongoing. For the interpolation process of assigning a grade value to each block, the blocks and the samples must have a matching rock type.

For the estimation of the REE Zone mineral resources in 2011, several sets of data were tested against several geological models (Lafleur, P.-J., 2012). Those are:

 

 

 

Up to 9,398 original assay data from the ICP table in variable length but mostly 1.5m;

 

 

 

3,126 - 5m composites including all drill holes intersecting the REE Zone;

 

 

 

2,871 - 5m composites for 1985 to 2011 drill holes exclusively;

 

 

 

1,672 - 10m composites including all drill holes intersecting the REE Zone.

Because the drill hole samples in the REE Zone vary in length, it was deemed valid to group samples in equal length. Composites of 5 metres appear to be a good choice according to the geology and the sampling statistics. The final length of 5 metres was retained after looking at different block models section and plan views. Composites of larger size smooth the data. Five metres equal length composites appeared to be a better choice than larger composites to preserve a certain level of details in the grade model. No top grade capping value was used before compositing. This can be done dynamically during the interpolation process using Gemcom software.

The following parametres were applied to the data set used for the 2012 block model. The data set is formed of 7,110 of 5 metres composites including 2011 and 2012 drill holes intersecting the REE zone (Table 19). The 2011 samples were principally of 1.5 to 2 metres long and the 2012 samples were uniformly set at 3 metres long. An equal length composite of 5 metres was judged appropriate to keep a detailed grade distribution in the model.

Table 19: Composites statistics summary used in 2012 resource estimation.

 

5 m Composites statistics

   2012-12-31  

Number of samples

     7,110   

Minimum (% TREO)

     0.02   

Maximum (% TREO)

     8.17   

Mean (% TREO)

     1.69   

Median (% TREO)

     1.72   

Variance

     0.71   

Standard deviation

     0.84   

Coefficient of variation

     0.50   

 

 

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14.1.1.4 Variography

Variogram analysis was produced for the 2012 rare earth elements resources estimation. The analysis was made for the reported total rare earth oxide (TREO). A standard approach was used to generate and model the variography. The following steps were followed:

 

 

 

Orientation and the dips examination of the solids representing the REE zone to determine the continuity axes.

 

 

 

Generate and model the down hole correlogram to determine the nugget effect (closed space variability).

 

 

 

Calculate and model the major, semi-major and minor axes of continuity.

The anisotropy direction was determined using the “SAGE” software. The variogram was modeled with a nugget effect and two spherical structures representing the larger scale spatial variability of the datasets. The modeled correlogram is summarized in Table 20. The rotation angles use the Gemcom convention around the ZYZ axes based on the orientation of the block model.

This set of rules are the same for all REE as for TREO except the limits on grade for the Top Cut Value and the Cut-Over High Grade Value have been adjusted depending on the grade distribution of each grade element.

Table 20: Variography statistics

 

       

Ranges (m)

 

Rotation (°)

Element

 

Nugget effect

 

1st Structure

 

2nd Structure

 

Z

 

X

 

Z

TREO (%)

  0.422  

X:50

Y:150

Z:360

Sill:0.431

 

X:750

Y:360

Z:700

Sill:0.147

  0   0   0

14.1.2 Domain and Volume

The REE Zone mineral resources model is limited to the core of the Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex. The C1 rock type is (the REEs mineralized carbonatite) containing the majority of the mineralization but a surrounding crown, called the transition zone, included the low grade values. The transition zone is formed of mineralized C1 injected in the C2 (massive carbonatite) and the S1 (syenite). The geological model outlying the REE host rock was drawn in 2011. A vertical projection was drawn from the surface compilation map (Figure 5) using a 70° dip cone shape truncated first at 1000m depth in 2011 and extend at 1400m depth in 2012 (Figure 24). The volume is adjusted to the drill hole rock type description and assay values to obtain a 3D cone shape confining the grade interpolation process.

 

 

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The geological model will be reviewed in 2013 with all the new data collected by drilling in 2012. The core zone and the transition zone will be modeled separately in order to improve the orebody pattern. Even if the geological model is not up to date, the 2011 model was judged acceptable to generate the current resource interpolation.

Figure 24: 3D Shape of REE Zone (left) and Niobec mine (right)

 

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14.1.3 Specific Gravity (SG)

A systematic specific gravity measurement was realized during the 2012 drilling campaign. The density test was realized by Niobec staff using the water immersion technique on representative core sample of ±15cm long. Each corresponding 3 metres long sample sent for analysis was also analyzed by SGS using an air pycnometre on pulverized samples. Both technic returned similar SG values, the SGS values were choose to be including in the database. The density is now available not only for every different geological interval described but also on a 30 metres frequency along each hole. Coupled with the 2011 values, 777 density measurements, mainly located in the C1, were used for the interpolation (Figure 25).

Even if the new sample average density is 3.11 t/m3, the 2011 density value of 2.86 t/m3 was used has default value for the blocks with insufficient data during the interpolation process.

 

 

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Figure 25: Histogram of 777 Density Measures.

 

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14.1.4 Block Model

The REE2012 block model was built within the GD_TR_2012 database, Gems 6.3.1 software. The estimated mineral resources have been modeled using a 10-metres cubic block model and grades were estimated using Ordinary Kriging (OK) using 5 metres equal length composites. The block model parametres are summarized in Table 21.

Table 21: REE zone block model parametres (Exploration metres).

 

     Easting      Northing      Elevation  

Minimum coordinates

     2,000         5,000         8,600   

Maximum coordinates

     3,200         6,400         10,100   

Block size

     10         10         10   

Number of blocks

     120         140         150   

Rotation

     0         0         0   

References: Exploration Grid; Unit: metres

        

The domain coding (rock type model) was based on the various wireframe constraints (Table 22). Each block was given a rock type attribute following a rule of precedence. All blocks were first selected and given the rock type 0 (air). Then, all blocks between the topographic surface and the overburden surface were given the rock type 1 (overburden). The rock type 2 (Trenton limestone)

 

 

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was attributed to all blocks between the overburden surface and the Trenton limestone surface. Finally, the Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex was divided in domain based on the vertical interpolation of the compilation surface map (Figure 5). All blocs under the Trenton limestone surface were given the rock type number associated to their domain (Table 22).

Table 22: Block model coding.

 

Type

  

Name

 

Description

 

Block Model Code

Topography

   Topo  

Topography based on header altitude.

  0 “air” (above the surface)

Surface

   OB  

Overburden

  1 (above the surface)

Surface

       Trenton      

Base of the Trenton limestone

  2 (above the surface)

Geology

   C1  

REE mineralized dolomite

  10

Geology

   C2  

Massive dolomite

  20

Geology

   C3  

Nb mineralized, foliated dolomite or calcitite

  30

Geology

   C5  

Nb mineralized, coarse grained dolomite

  50

Geology

   C6  

Pyroxene bearing calcitite

  60

Geology

   S1  

Syenite

  110

Within the block model project, a series of models were incorporated for recording the different attributes assigned and calculated in the block model development. These attributes are listed in Table 23 below.

Table 23: Block model attributes.

 

Attribute name

  

        Description and Content        

  

    Unit    

  

    Update or creation procedure    

  

    Default value    

  

    Mapping    

  

    Data type    

Rock type

  

Geologic code

0 =Air

1=Overburden

2=Trenton limestone

10=C1

20=C2

30=C3

50=C5

60=C6

110=S1

   -   

Limited by surfaces

50% over topo

50% over OB

99% over Trenton

C1 domain

C2 domain

C3 domain

C5 domain

C6 domain

S1 domain

   0    Rock type    Integer

Density

  

Density value from actual

data

Air=0

Overburden=1.8

Trenton=2.78

Carbonatite=2.86

   t/m3    Updated from the rock code profile.    2.86    Density    Single

TREO_PCT

  

TREO grade

   %    Interpolation, ordinary kriging    0    TREO    Single

CAT

  

Resource classification

1=Measured

2=Indicated

3=Inferred

4=Mineral inventory

   -    Based on the search ellipse and limited by depth with the drill hole grid coverage.    0    CAT    Integer

 

 

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14.1.5 Grade Interpolation

Grade estimation was done using an ordinary kriging method in Gems 6.3.1 software. The method was applied with a numerical digitation of the 3 x 3 x 3 blocks. The interpolation was performed using 5 metres equal length composites obtained from the original assays. The ordinary kriging was completed using a sample search approach as summarized below:

 

 

 

The first interpolation for each block is calculated with a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 12 composites within the search ellipse. The ellipse dimension is limited to 100m x 100m x 100m (Figure 26). There is no maximum number of samples per drill hole.

 

 

 

Then, a second interpolation is calculated with a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 12 composites within the search ellipse. The ellipse is less restrictive and has a dimension of 150m x 150m x150m (Figure 27). Once again, there is no maximum number of samples per drill hole.

A top value capping is used in both cases for safety reason. A value of 10% TREO was used for this purpose but no composite were affected since the highest composite grade is 8.17% TREO in the database. In addition, Gems allow reducing the range of influence of high grade values. A high grade limit of 5% TREO was used. In that case, the high grade value is used in the interpolation but limited to half of the ranges described previously or 50m x 50m x 50m for the first pass and 75m x 75m x 75m for the second pass.

The TREO value was not the only grade interpolated at the end of 2012. Each 14 rare earth elements have been interpolated individually for tabulation purpose. These elements were estimated using the same methodology as described for TREO.

Table 24 shows the complete search parametres, Appendix 1 the main section view and plan view of the 2012 block model TREO grade interpolation.

 

 

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Table 24: Interpolation rules

 

        Interpolation element    TREO    TREO
       

Interpolation profile name

   TREO_IND    TREO_INF
 

Interpolation    

 

Estimation method

      Ordinary kriging    Ordinary kriging
   

Block variance

      Variance by level    Variance by level
   

Discretization

      3x3x3    3x3x3
   

Number of sample used

   Min.    6    2
       Max.    12    12

Data and Constraints    

 

Block model

 

Block model

      REE2012    REE2012
   

Block selection

      All blocks    All blocks
 

Composites

 

Point area source

      Compo5_2013-01-18    Compo5_2013-01-18
   

Point area Wrk – source name

      COMPO5    COMPO5
   

Number used

   Min.    6    2
       Max.    12    12
   

Max. per hole

        
 

Value

 

Min. (%)

      0    0
   

Max. (%)

      8    8
   

High grade limit (%)

      10    10
 

Rock code

 

Description

      REE mineralized C1    REE mineralized C1
   

Target rock code

      10    10
 

Searching ellipse

 

Profile name

      GMS_TREO    GMS_INF
   

Rotation

   Z    0    0
       Y    0    0
       Z    0    0
   

Range (m)

   X    100    150
       Y    100    150
       Z    100    150
   

High grade transition limit (%)

      5    5
   

High grade range (m)

   X    50    75
       Y    50    75
       Z    50    75
 

Semi variogram

 

Profile name

      GMS_TREO    GMS_TREO
   

Nugget effect

   CO    0.422    0.422
   

Spherical (1) – rotation ZXZ

Range of influence for

anisotropy:

   Sill    0.431    0.431
       X    50    50
       Y    150    150
       Z    360    360
   

Spherical (2) – rotation ZXZ

Range of influence for

anisotropy:

   Sill    0.147    0.147
       X    750    750
       Y    360    360
       Z    700    700
 

Results

 

Saving

      Overwrite Completely    Update only bocks

that have zero grade

   

Grade results attribute

      TREO_PCT    TREO_PCT

 

 

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Figure 26: TREO indicated resources search ellipse and variography (9900 Level).

 

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Figure 27: TREO inferred resource search ellipse and variography (9900 Level).

 

LOGO

 

 

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14.1.6 Classification

The Mineral Resources estimated for the REE deposit were classified according to the “CIM Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves” (November 27, 2010).

IAMGOLD mandated the consulting firm G Mining Services to support the Niobec geology team in achieving and validating the 2012 resources calculation. These resources are classified according to the drill hole coverage and the REE mineralization continuity interpreted by the qualified person.

The new drilling grid, 100m x 100m down to 350m below surface, define the rare earth elements hosting rock (C1). All limit, north, east, west and south, were intersected and the geometry of the ore body is trace on sub surface. From 350m to 700m below surface, the drill spacing is approximately 100m x 200m. The cylinder shape of the mineralized C1 can be, without confusion, extended at depth. With only a few holes going down to ±1200 metres, the REE zone is judged continuous in grade and still open at depth.

Based on the actual knowledge of the REE zone, the indicated resource corresponds to the first interpolation pass but are limited to the 9650 level (350m below surface) (Figure 28). From 350m the drill definition decreased and the resources were called inferred. Even if the block model was extended at depth, the reported resource estimation was limited to 700 metres below surface. At this stage, no mineral reserves are defined for the REE zone.

 

 

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Figure 28: Resource classification, typical section view.

 

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14.1.7 Mineral Resource Estimate Statement

The REE resource corresponds to an enriched zone of light REEs (“LREE”) which is characteristic of the annular carbonatite type. LREEs comprise 98.3% of the Total REEs (“TREE”) weight, with the remaining 1.7% of heavy REEs (“HREE”) that could potentially add significant economic value. As indicated in the tables 25, the REE zone contains a total Indicated Resources of 531.4 Million tonnes at an average grade of 1.64% (8.7 billion kilograms contained) Total Rare Earth Oxides (TREO) and a total Inferred Resources of 527.2 Million tonnes at an average grade of 1.83% (9.7 billion kilograms contained) TREO, to a depth of approximately 700 metres below surface.

All assay results are reported in Total Rare Earth Element Oxides (“TREO”). The main rare earth elements found are LREEs: Cerium (Ce), Lanthanum (La), Neodymium (Nd), Praseodymium (Pr) and Samarium (Sm), and HREEs: Gadolinium (Gd), Europium (Eu), Dysprosium (Dy) and Terbium (Tb).

 

 

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Table 25: Resource Estimate

 

REE Zone Resource Mineral Estimate (cut off @ 0.5% TREO)

 
                      Light REO     Heavy REO  
    Tonnes
Millions
    Grade
%
TREO
    TREO
Cont.
Millions kg
    HREO
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
    Er2O3
(ppm)
    Ho2O3
(ppm)
    Yb2O3
(ppm)
    Tm2O3
(ppm)
    Lu2O3
(ppm)
 

Measured

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —                   

Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Measured and Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Inferred

    527.2        1.83        9,651.7        277        8046        4298        2968        869        314        141        67        37        12        8        5        5        1        1   

 

1.

CIM definitions were followed for Mineral Resources Classification

2.

Mineral Resource were estimated by Réjean Sirois, ing., Vice President, Geology and Resources, G Mining Services Inc.

3.

Mineral Resource are estimated at a cut-off grade of 0.5% TREO

4.

Estimated resource is enclosed within the core of the carbonatite complex and are confined between the bedrock and 700 meters below surface

5.

Numbers may not add due to rounding

 

 

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14.1.8 Ressource Sensibility to cut off and elevation

Table 26 to 29 present the resource estimate according to different grade group and depth. The estimated resource is enclosed within the core of the carbonatite complex. In 2012, the near surface “footprint” of the mineralization has been confirmed in all directions. Given the homogeneity of the grade values in the block model, it is difficult to outline a low and a high grade zones inside the REE resources. Three holes extended well below the resource model, and reach a maximum length of 1,337 metres. The two deepest holes demonstrated that the REE zone persists uninterrupted at depth and show comparable or higher grades to other intercepts in the resource model. Based on the low variability and all the preceding information, the mineral resources have been classified by level. The indicated resources are from sub-surface to level 9650 (350m depth) and the inferred resources are from levels 9950 to 9300 (700m depth).

Table 26: REE Indicated mineral resources by grade groups.

 

                            Light REO     Main Heavy REO  

GRADEGROUP

% TREO3

  Tonnage
Millions
    Grade
%
TREO
    TREO
Cont.
Millions
kg
    HREO4
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
 

> 2.5

    32.1        2.72        873.2        384        10764        5635        4131        1181        446        203        94        50        17   

2.0 to 2.5

    116.9        2.19        2,562.9        357        9621        4991        3699        1062        407        185        86        48        16   

1.5 to 2.0

    175.0        1.78        3,109.1        338        8614        4432        3336        954        372        174        79        48        15   

1.0 to 1.5

    120.8        1.25        1,516.0        270        6493        3394        2472        710        278        135        61        41        12   

0.5 to 1.0

    86.6        0.77        669.1        231        4956        2594        1904        546        223        112        49        37        10   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TREO Signature

  

    1.90     48.0     24.9     18.5     5.3     2.1     1.0     0.4     0.3     0.1
       

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Table 27: REE Inferred mineral resources by grade groups.

 

                                Light REO     Main Heavy REO  

GRADEGROUP

% TREO3

   Tonnage
Millions
     Grade
%
TREO
     TREO
Cont.
Millions kg
     HREO4
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
 

> 2.5

     82.1         2.83         2,326.5         311        10688        5862        3747        1131        360        162        76        40        15   

2.0 to 2.5

     141.3         2.22         3,137.4         344        9743        5115        3635        1057        384        176        82        47        16   

1.5 to 2.0

     140.1         1.77         2,483.4         279        8147        4345        3040        883        325        143        68        37        12   

1.0 to 1.5

     90.2         1.27         1,145.2         202        5611        3043        2064        606        226        101        48        27        9   

0.5 to 1.0

     73.4         0.76         559.2         197        4627        2428        1783        512        211        97        46        28        8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL

     527.2         1.83         9,651.7         277        8046        4298        2968        869        314        141        67        37        12   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TREO Signature

  

     1.51     43.9     23.5     16.2     4.7     1.7     0.8     0.4     0.2     0.1
           

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Table 28: REE Indicated mineral resources by depth.

 

                                Light REO     Main Heavy REO  

Level

   Tonnage
Millions
     Grade
% TREO
     TREO Cont.
Millions kg
     HREO
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
 

10000

     4.8         1.77         85.9         362        8339        4327        3270        921        386        196        83        46        15   

9950

     65.3         1.74         1,133.6         350        8069        4132        3241        905        373        181        80        50        15   

9900

     82.7         1.59         1,312.8         318        7655        3884        2998        852        341        162        73        47        14   

9850

     84.5         1.59         1,345.7         305        7641        3951        2938        841        330        155        71        44        13   

9800

     86.3         1.60         1,380.0         304        7805        4082        2963        854        330        156        71        43        13   

9750

     85.0         1.62         1,375.5         305        7968        4179        3016        872        332        156        71        43        14   

9700

     82.2         1.70         1,400.4         303        8104        4246        3069        888        334        153        72        43        13   

9650

     40.5         1.72         696.4         298        8089        4243        3061        890        331        150        71        41        13   

9600

                             

9550

                             

9500

                             

9450

                             

9400

                             

9350

                             

9300

                             
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL

     531.4         1.64         8,730.3         312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TREO Signature

  

     1.90     48.0     24.9     18.5     5.3     2.1     1.0     0.4     0.3     0.1
           

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

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Table 29: REE Inferred mineral resources by depth.

 

                                Light REO     Main Heavy REO  

Level

   Tonnage
Millions
     Grade
% TREO
     TREO Cont.
Millions kg
     HREO
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
 

10000

     0         0         0         0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0        0   

9950

     6.2         1.37         85.1         111        2895        1489        1056        310        115        58        25        16        5   

9900

     8.7         1.41         122.0         114        3084        1665        1075        323        116        59        25        16        5   

9850

     6.1         1.38         83.6         132        3627        1983        1274        382        137        67        29        20        6   

9800

     3.8         1.25         47.5         168        4516        2519        1583        474        171        85        38        25        7   

9750

     2.3         1.15         26.8         203        5316        2953        1850        557        202        100        45        31        9   

9700

     1.2         1.23         14.9         217        5486        3076        1838        563        199        99        46        36        10   

9650

     41.7         1.70         710.4         291        8035        4231        3023        883        325        146        69        40        13   

9600

     79.1         1.76         1,390.0         289        8292        4388        3086        907        328        146        70        39        13   

9550

     74.9         1.87         1,398.0         292        8456        4490        3115        920        330        147        70        40        13   

9500

     71.9         1.88         1,355.4         286        8379        4440        3102        909        328        145        69        39        13   

9450

     69.6         1.88         1,307.1         278        8283        4395        3106        900        326        143        68        36        12   

9400

     67.2         1.95         1,311.1         283        8485        4589        3101        905        323        147        68        37        13   

9350

     63.8         1.93         1,230.9         280        8200        4474        2966        867        312        145        66        38        13   

9300

     30.7         1.85         568.7         274        7891        4271        2867        838        308        141        67        37        12   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TOTAL

     527.2         1.83         9,651.7         277        8046        4298        2968        869        314        141        67        37        12   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

TREO Signature

  

     1.51     43.9     23.5     16.2     4.7     1.7     0.8     0.4     0.2     0.1
           

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

NOTES:

 

 

 

Results are presented in situ, unconfined and undiluted

 

 

 

Resource modeling used 15,973 samples from the 2011 and 2012 drilling program with 54 elements assayed (with re-assays for high grade samples).

 

 

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Item 15.

Mineral reserves estimates

No mineral reserves estimates were outline for the REE Zone at this stage.

 

Item 16.

Mining methods

No mine plan was drawn for the REE Zone. However, the proximity to the existing IAMGOLD Niobec underground mine makes it an obvious choice as long as the value of the mineral resources is equal or higher than the niobium ore. The value of the REE Zone material has been more valuable than the niobium ore recently with the peak in REE prices but that was not always the case historically. The alternative of mining at surface with an open pit is also attractive given the facts:

 

 

 

The REE Zone outcrops or is under less than of 30m Trenton limestone and overburden;

 

 

 

it would be a lower cost operation than underground near the surface; however contemplating a very deep pit is much less attractive;

The REE Zone could be mined from surface and underground at the same time also. But with the actual works made on the Niobec underground feasibility project (based on a Blocks Caving method), an underground mining method should be preferred for this project.

 

Item 17.

Recovery methods

Preliminary metallurgical test work results of a REO bulk concentrate shows recoveries between 58% and 70%. Optimization test will continue throughout 2013 and preliminary leach tests as well as extraction leach tests are ongoing. A final recovery of 53.5% of the REE is assumed for the moment.

 

Item 18.

Project infrastructure

There is no specific project infrastructure for the REE Zone at the moment. However, IAMGOLD owns Niobec Inc. which operates an underground niobium mine just 1km from the REE Zone with an on-site mill and tailings disposal facilities.

 

 

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Item 19.

Market studies and contracts

This section will be addressed when IAMGOLD produces a preliminary economic assessment or scoping study.

 

Item 20.

Environmental studies, permitting and social or community impact

This section will be addressed when IAMGOLD produces a preliminary economic assessment or scoping study.

 

Item 21.

Capital and operating costs

This section will be addressed when IAMGOLD produces a preliminary economic assessment or scoping study.

 

Item 22.

Economic analysis

This section will be addressed when IAMGOLD produces a preliminary economic assessment or scoping study.

 

Item 23.

ADJACENT PROPERTIES

The recent growing interest for Niobium and REE minerals has generated interest in the general area of the Niobec mine.

At the end of February 2010 DIOS Exploration published the discovery of a satellite carbonatite seven (7) km south of Niobec Mine, the Shipshaw discovery. This prompted the need to review the global setting of the Niobec alkaline and carbonatite complex at the regional scale and evaluate the presence of potential satellite deposits.

The results obtained by DIOS to date in the Shipshaw carbonatite are only anomalous in terms of Nb and REE but this could lead to higher grade or to different styles of mineralization associated to this new carbonatite. An Offer from IAMGOLD to participate in a private Placement of CDN$1.2 M in DIOS Exploration and to enter in an Exploration Option to Joint Venture on the Shipshaw project was accepted and signed by DIOS on January 13th 2011.

 

 

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On the closing of the private placement IAMGOLD was granted an exclusive option (the “Option”) to enter into an Option and Joint Venture Agreement to earn sixty percent (60%) of DIOS’s interest in the Shipshaw Project, Saguenay area, Quebec, within two (2) years of the private placement in DIOS, which Option may not be exercised until the earliest of the time taken by DIOS to spend 80% of the placement on the Shipshaw Carbonatite program (under DIOS’ management), or of a period of one year after IAMGOLD has subscribed to the initial private placement. No less than 80% of the placement would be committed to DIOS’ Shipshaw Carbonatite program, and any surrounding claims. This has given to IAMGOLD 8.95 % of the then issued and outstanding Common Shares of DIOS after the closing of the placement.

DIOS Exploration is planning various field surveys to execute in the coming months and is currently executing a drilling exploration campaign on their main carbonatite discovery. Several prospective areas staked by DIOS and interpreted from government regional geophysical surveys will be also explored in the current year program.

IAMGOLD-Niobec is following the DIOS exploration results to evaluate the potential of the area for their economic activities.

 

Item 24.

OTHER RELAVANT DATA AND INFORMATION

There is no other relevant data or information that will make this technical report more understandable and not misleading.

 

 

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Item 25.

INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS

25.1 Geological compilation:

The large 2012 drilling program brought new geological information about the REE zone. A complete compilation of the historical data was done in 2011. The new data was merged into the global data base. In the well-known Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex context, the anterior version of the geological model was judged enough realistic for the purpose of this report. The geological model will be updated in 2013 by interpreting the high definition magnetic survey with the drilling information.

The 2012 definition program focused on the carbonatite complex. The REE mineralization is limited to the REE Zone which corresponds to the central core of the carbonatite complex. The main REE minerals are: bastnaesite and synchysite, both disseminated in the ferrocarbonatite. It is accompanied with hematitic and /or chloritic alteration in the breccia facies but also find as centimetre scale, reddish coloured clusters in the massive facies. The change of textures, from breccia to massive, are often observed but the mineralisation contain is very homogeneous.

25.2 Drilling

IAMGOLD drilling 2012 campaign (33 holes totalling 23, 851 m) tested the REE zone to a vertical depth of 1,200 m. This drilling campaign, defined the tridimensional shape of the REE zone, detailed the resources model and proved the mineralization continuity down to ±1,200m.

It is important to notice that this drilling campaign used a N031°grid orientation (to keep the same orientation as the mine grid) and completed a 100m X 100m grid down to 350m below surface. From 350m to 700m, the drilling grid is spaced to around 100m x 200m. This new spacing allowed to transform the 2011 inferred resources into indicated resource and stretched the grade interpolation at depth.

The 2012 drill campaign, drill core handling, logging and sampling protocols were improved and are according to conventional industry standards and conform to generally accepted best practices.

25.3 Mineral resources estimation – REE zone

This report include a new resource estimate based on 2012 REE exploration and definition update. The drilling added in 2012 increased the confidence level of the block model interpolation and double the resource estimation compared to last year. The REE resource corresponds to an enriched zone of REEs mineral which is characteristic of this annular carbonatite type.

 

 

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As shown in Table 30 below, the REE zone contains a total Indicated Resources of 531.4 Million Tonnes at an average grade of 1.64% Total Rare Earth Oxides (TREO) and a total Inferred Resources of 527.2 Million Tonnes at an average grade of 1.83% TREO, to a depth of approximately 700 metres below surface. The exploration drilling confirmed the mineralization continuity below the fixed level of 700m and still open at depth.

Table 30: 2012 REE resources and reserves estimation.

 

REE Zone Resource Mineral Estimate (cut off @ 0.5% TREO)

 
                            Light REO     Heavy REO  
    Tonnes
Millions
    Grade
%
TREO
    TREO
Cont.
Millions kg
    HREO
(ppm)
    Ce2O3
(ppm)
    La2O3
(ppm)
    Nd2O3
(ppm)
    Pr2O3
(ppm)
    Sm2O3
(ppm)
    Gd2O3
(ppm)
    Eu2O3
(ppm)
    Dy2O3
(ppm)
    Tb2O3
(ppm)
    Er2O3
(ppm)
    Ho2O3
(ppm)
    Yb2O3
(ppm)
    Tm2O3
(ppm)
    Lu2O3
(ppm)
 

Measured

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —                   

Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Measured and Indicated

    531.4        1.64        8,730.3        312        7887        4092        3034        870        338        159        72        45        14        10        5        5        1        1   

Inferred

    527.2        1.83        9,651.7        277        8046        4298        2968        869        314        141        67        37        12        8        5        5        1        1   

 

1.

CIM definitions were followed for Mineral Resources Classification

2.

Mineral Resource were estimated by Réjean Sirois, ing., Vice President, Geology and Resources, G Mining Services Inc.

3.

Mineral Resource are estimated at a cut-off grade of 0.5% TREO

4.

Estimated resource is enclosed within the core of the carbonatite complex and are confined between the bedrock and 700 meters below surface

5.

Numbers may not add due to rounding

 

 

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Item 26.

Recommendations

26.1 Geological compilation and resources modelling.

The new geological information collected during the 2012 drilling program was not totally interpreted. The REE zone contacts were frequently intercepted, especially at depth, and an update of the geological model is required. In the Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex context, the 2011 geological model (Lafleur, P.J., 2012) contained enough detail to update the TREO resources without any doubt on the reliability of the results. By modelling the transition zone (“low grade zone”) and the REE core zone (“high grade zone”) the grade interpolation technique could be applied individually to those new geological domains. The expected results on the resources model will be an increase of the TREO concentration coupled with a decrease of the tonnage in the core zone. With cumulative mineral inventory of over 1 billion tonnes, decreasing the tonnage would not have a negative impact compared to the benefit of improving the grade concentration.

The specific gravity used for the 2012 block model included the 2011 back ground value for the carbonatite of 2.86 t/m3. Basic statistics made over the new available density data base returned an average value for the carbonatite of 3.11 t/m3. This change must be studied. An increasing amount of barite is noted at depth and must necessarily affect the density. A density distribution pattern, within different geological domain or inside one domain, must be integrated to the next geological interpretation and blocks model.

26.2 Mineralogical characterisation and metallurgy.

A Mineralogical study is ongoing. The petrographic, the geochemical and the mineralization characterisation of the REE zone at depth, under 500 metres below surface, are the objects of a master project. Preliminary report should be produced to help the geological modeling and metallurgical test works. A synergy between geological improvement and metallurgical testing would be benefit to the REE project.

The hyper spectral technology might help the geological team to build a homogeneous data base to improve the actual geological model. Even if the traditional core logging description seems to work for outlying the core zone, the spectral technology can precisely evaluated the REE mineral concentration and nature especially in the brecciated facies where the granulometry become smaller. It is recommended to test the benefit of the hyper spectral technology by building the library with the entire representative and available core.

26.3 Drilling

Below surface to 700 metres few drill holes crossed the inferred resources bottom line and demonstrated the continuity at depth of the mineralized zone at depth. An increasing of the REE mineral contain is visually observed and reported by the assays. With the actual drilling pattern, the geological property change, in the holes 2012-REE-033 and 2012-REE-034, may be considered local.

 

 

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Local grade variation can be observed in the well define upper level. Tighten the drilling grid would confirmed the increasing grade with depth hypothesis or at leases confined the high grade zone.

More drilling will be necessary to upgrade resources into reserves. A 50m x 50m drilling grid pattern could be tested. The underground access could provide an easy all year round access.

26.4 Cost estimate

Table 31:presented a cost estimate for three items discussed above.

 

Item

  

Recommendations

   Estimated
cost
    

Description

Item 26.1

  

Geological compilation and ressources modelling

     50,000 $      

Senior geologist (6 months)

Item 26.2

  

Mineralogical characterisation and metallurgy

     
   Hyper spectral test/study      30,000 $      

Estimated cost to build an hyperspectral mineralogical library

   Geological master (University)      30,000 $      

Estimated cost for a Master study (15 000$/year)

Item 26.3

  

Drilling

     2,000,000 $      

10 000 m, based on the geological modelling

   TOTAL      2,110,000 $      

 

 

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Item 27.

REFERENCES

Anders, E. and Grevesse, N. (1989), Abundances of the elements: Meteoritic and solar”, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, pages 197-214.

Belzile, E. (2009), NI43-101 Technical report for Niobec mine, Québec, Canada. 104 pages.

Birkett, T. C. and Simandl, G. J. (1999), Carbonatite-associated deposits: magmatic, replacement and residual. British Columbia Mineral Deposit Profiles, Volume 3

Bonneau, J. and Gauthier, A. (1979), Campagne de sondage, projet St-Honoré. GM 34947, 353 pages. 19 cartes. 11 microfiches.

Denis, T.C. (1937), Mines-minéraux de la région du Lac St-Jean et de Chibougamau. Ministère des ressources naturelles, 25 pages.

Dénommé, E., Villeneuve, D. (1986), Campagne de forages 1985, Zone à TR (Lanthanides). Complexe alcalin de St-Honoré. Niobec, Services TMG Inc., Forages-Rapport.

Dubuc, F. and Lambert, R. (1970), Relevé de scintillomètre, aéroporté, St-Honoré 11-782. SOQUEM, 4 pages, 2 plans.

Fortin, M. (1977), Le Complexe annulaire à carbonatites de St-Honoré (P.Q. Canada) et sa minéralisation à Niobium: Etude Pétrographique et géochimique. Thèsede 3ême cycle, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France.

Fournier, A. (1993), Magmatic and Hydrothermal Controls of LREE Mineralization of the St-Honoré Carbonatite, Québec. M.Sc Thesis, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, 147 pages.

Gauthier, A. and Landry, D. (1980), Campagne de sondage, projet St-Honoré. GM 36558, 101 pages. 15 cartes. 7 microfiches.

Gauthier, A. (1979). Étude minéralogique, pétrographique et géochimique de la zone à terres rares de la carbonatite de St.-Honoré. M.Sc. thesis, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Québec, Canada, 181 pages.

Gauthier, A. and Sergerie, G. (1978), Étude de la minéralisation de terres rares. GM 34953, 343 pages. 1 carte. 8 microfiches.

Gagnon, G. and Vallée, M. (1973), A summary of the St. Honoré columbium deposits. GM 28923, 60 pages. 6 cartes. 3 microfiches.

Gupta, C. K. and Krishnamurthy, N. (2005), Extractive Metallurgy of Rare earths, CRC Press, 508 pages.

 

 

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Hardy, R. and Sauvé, P. (1968), Rapport géologique, projet St-Honoré 13-782. GM 24554, 21 pages. 1 carte. 1 microfiche.

Hébert, C. and Lacoste, P. (1998), Géologie de la région de Jonquière-Chicoutimi (22D/06). RG 96-08, 32 pages, 1 microfiche.

Jooste, R.F. (1958), Bourget area, Chicoutimi and Jonquiere-Kenogami electoral district. Ministère des ressources naturelles, 63 pages, 2 plans.

Kumarapeli, S. (1974), The St-lawrence valley system and its tectonic significance, Doctoral thesis, McGill University, 394 pages.

Lafleur, P.J. and Ben Ayad, A. (2012), NI43-101 technical report to present the mineral resources of the rares earth elements zone, Niobec min, Iamgold Corporation. P.J. Lafleur Geo-Conseil Inc, 145 pages.

Lambert, G. (2003), Compilation de levés géophysiques, propriété Niobec-St-Honoré (P.N. 163). Gérard Lambert Géosciences, 8 pages.

Laurin, A.F. and Sharma, K.N.M. (1975), Région des rivières Mistassini, Péribonka, Saguenay, (Grenville 1965-1967). Ministère des ressources naturelles, 97 pages, 10 plans.

Villeneuve, D and Thivierge, S. (2007), Réserves minières et ressources au 31 Décembre 2007. IAMGOLD Corporation, Mine Niobec, 78 pages

Rankin, A. H. (2004), Carbonatite-associated rare metal deposits: composition and evolution of ore-forming fluid – The fluid inclusion Evidence. In Linneh, R. L. and Samson, I. M., rare-element geochemistry and mineral deposits. Geological ass. of Canada, SC notes Vol 17. GAC, 299-314.

Roy, D.W. (1977), Excursion Géologique au Saguenay; camp de géologie régionale, géologie structurale et pétrographie. Université du Québec à Chicoutimi.

Samson, I. M. and al. (2004), The rare earth elements: behaviour in hydrothermal fluids and concentration in hydrothermal mineral deposits, exclusive of alkaline settings. in: LINNEN, R. L. and Samson, I. M. Rare ¬ element geochemistry and mineral deposits. Geological Association Of Canada Short Course Notes Volume 17, pages 269-298.

Services techniques, Iamgold corporation (2012), Étude de préfaisabilité, projet d’expansion de la Mine Niobec. 361 pages.

Taylor S. R. and McClennan S. M. (1985), The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell, Oxford. 312 pages.

Thivierge, S., (2011), Niobec mine, St-Honoré, Québec, Canada, NI43-101 Technical report. 139 pages

 

 

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Vallée, M. and al. (1969), Projet St-Honoré. GM 25865, 112 pages. 12 cartes. 4 microfiches.

Wall, F. and Mariano, A. N. (1996), Rare earth minerals in carbonatites: a discussion centre on the kangankunde carbonatite, Malawi. ln: Jones, A. P., Wall, F. and Williams, C. T., Rare earth minerals: chemistry, origin and ore deposits. Mineralogical Society Series 7. Chapman and Hall, London, pages 193-225.

Walters A. & co. (2010). British Geological Survey.

Woolley, A. R. and Kjarsgaard, B. A. (2008), Carbonatite occurrences of the world: map and database. Geological Survey of Canada, Open file report 5796.

Gupta, C. K. and Krishnamurthy, N. (2005), Extractive Metallurgy of Rare earths, CRC Press, pages 508.

 

 

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Item 28.

APPENDIX

 

 

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Appendix 1: Main section view and plan view, REE zone 2012

 

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Appendix 2: Eon Geoscience Inc. report

 

 

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IAMGOLD CORPORATION

LEVÉ MAGNÉTIQUE HÉLIPORTÉ

BLOCS LEPINE, BOUSQUET-ODYNO ET NIOBEC

RAPPORT FINAL

Préparé par:

 

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Table des matières

 

1.

 

Introduction

     4   
 

2. Spécifications du levé

     4   
 

2.1. Localisation du levé

     4   
 

2.2. Topographie de la zone des travaux

     4   
 

2.3. Spécifications de vol

     5   
 

2.3.1. Plans de vol

     5   
 

2.3.2. Altitude de vol

     5   
 

2.4. Spécifications techniques

     6   
 

2.4.1. Variations diurnes

     6   
 

2.4.2. Niveau de bruit sur les données magnétiques

     6   

3.

 

Équipements utilisés

     7   
 

3.1. Hélicoptère

     7   
 

3.2. Systèmes aéroportés

     8   
 

3.2.1. Magnétomètre

     8   
 

3.2.2. Système d’acquisition de données et compensateur

     8   
 

3.2.3. Système de navigation

     8   
 

3.2.4. Altimètre radar

     9   
 

3.2.5. Altimètre barométrique

     9   
 

3.3. Station de contrôle au sol

     10   
 

3.3.1. Magnétomètre

     10   
 

3.4. Système utilisé pour le contrôle de la qualité

     10   

4.

 

Personnel

     11   

5.

 

Opérations de terrain

     12   
 

5.1. Bases des opérations

     12   
 

5.2. Calendrier

     12   
 

5.3. Défis opérationnels

     12   
 

5.4. Tests et calibrations

     12   

6.

 

Traitement des données

     13   
 

6.1. Projection cartographique

     13   
 

6.2. Traitement des données sur le terrain et contrôle de la qualité

     13   
 

6.3. Données de positionnement

     13   
 

6.4. Données altimétriques et modèle numérique de terrain

     14   
 

6.5. Données aéromagnétiques

     14   
 

6.4.3. Données maillées

     16   

7.

 

Produits finaux

     17   
 

7.1. Particularités de la compilation

     17   
 

7.2. Cartes finales

     17   
 

7.3. Données numériques

     17   
 

7.4. Autres produits

     17   

8.    

 

Conclusion

     18   

Annexe A – Résultats des tests et calibrations

     19   
 

A.1. “Figure of Merit” (FOM)

     19   
 

A.2. Étalonnage de l’altimètre

     21   

Annexe B – Description des champs des bases de données finales

     22   

Annexe C – Rapport quotidien

    

24

  

 

 

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Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

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Liste des figures

 

Figure 1 : Hélicoptère (C-GOVD) utilisé pour l’exécution du levé magnétique

     7   

Liste des tableaux

 

Tableau 1 : Coordonnées des zones des travaux

     4   

Tableau 2 : Spécifications du plan de vol – Bloc Lepine

     5   

Tableau 3 : Spécifications du plan de vol – Bloc Bousquet-Odyno

     5   

Tableau 4 : Spécifications du plan de vol – Bloc Niobec

     5   

Tableau 5 : Personnel impliqué dans le projet

     11   

Tableau 6 : Calendrier des étapes du projet

     12   

Tableau 7 : Paramètres de micro-nivellement

     15   

Tableau 8 : Paramètres de correction IGRF

     16   

1.

 

 

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Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

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2. Introduction

Ce rapport décrit en détail les opérations de terrain ainsi que toutes les étapes d’acquisition, de vérification et de traitement nécessaires pour l’obtention de données finales de haute qualité par le biais d’un levé magnétique héliporté effectué par EON Geosciences Inc. (EON) pour IAMGOLD Corporation (IAMGOLD) dans les régions de Rouyn-Noranda et St-Honoré, au Québec.

En incluant les tests et calibrations préparatoires et l’acquisition des données, la réalisation du levé magnétique héliporté s’est échelonnée du 3 au 15 mai 2012. Un total de 2 616 km linéaires a été nécessaire afin de couvrir la totalité des blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec.

3. Spécifications du levé

3.1. Localisation du levé

Le levé magnétique héliporté, dont fait mention le présent rapport, est situé dans les secteurs de Rouyn-Noranda (blocs Lepine et Bousquet-Odyno) et de St-Honoré (bloc Niobec).

Les limites des différents blocs sont définies par les coordonnées suivantes :

 

Coordonnées des périmètres du levé (WGS-84)

 

Lepine

(UTM Zone 17N)

    

Bousquet-Odyno

(UTM Zone 17N)

    

Niobec

(UTM Zone 19N)

 

Coin No.

   X      Y     

Coin No.

   X      Y     

Coin No.

   X      Y  

1    

     647000         5367795      

1

     674503         5342002      

1

     336642         5380106   

2    

     657200         5367795      

2

     674503         5344198      

2

     342418         5382251   

3    

     657200         5371094      

3

     676507         5344198      

3

     345194         5374704   

4    

     656095         5371094      

4

     676508         5345305      

4

     339394         5372579   

5    

     656095         5376009      

5

     679600         5345305            

6    

     647000         5376009      

6

     679606         5344708            
        

7

     681002         5344708            
        

8

     680997         5343007            
        

9

     678102         5343002            
        

10

     678102         5341993            

Tableau 1 : Coordonnées des zones des travaux

3.2. Topographie de la zone des travaux

Le relief dans les régions du levé est relativement plat. Plus spécifiquement, à l’intérieur des limites du levé, des valeurs topographiques qui varient entre 274 m et 379 m pour Lepine, entre 290 m et 364 m pour Bousquet-Odyno, et entre 85 m et 163 m pour Niobec, sont observées.

 

 

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3.3.

Spécifications de vol

 

 

3.3.1.

Plans de vol

Selon les spécifications des plans de vol présentées aux Tableaux 2, 3 et 4, 2 349 km de traverses et 267 km de lignes de contrôle ont été enregistrées pour un total de 2 616 km de lignes.

 

    

Traverses

  

Lignes de
contrôle

  

Total

Espacement des lignes

   75 m    600 m   

Direction des lignes

   N 0º E    N 90º E   

Kilométrage

   1 043 km    134 km    1 177 km

Tableau 2 : Spécifications du plan de vol – Bloc Lepine

 

    

Traverses

  

Lignes de
contrôle

  

Total

Espacement des lignes

   50 m    500 m   

Direction des lignes

   N 0º E    N 90º E   

Kilométrage

   311 km    34 km    345 km

Tableau 3 : Spécifications du plan de vol – Bloc Bousquet-Odyno

 

    

Traverses

  

Lignes de
contrôle

  

Total

Espacement des lignes

   50 m    500 m   

Direction des lignes

   N 160º E    N 70º E   

Kilométrage

   995 km    99 km    1 094 km

Tableau 4 : Spécifications du plan de vol – Bloc Niobec

Les déviations des plans de vol par rapport aux plans de vol théoriques (fichiers d’entrée pour la navigation) ont été analysées afin d’éliminer les portions de ligne pour lesquelles l’espacement entre deux lignes adjacentes était inférieur à 50% ou supérieur à 150% de l’espacement nominal sur une distance de plus de 2 000 mètres.

Les portions de lignes devant faire de nouveau l’objet d’un vol ont été revolées en prenant soin de respecter les exigences minimales de chevauchement telles que décrites dans les spécifications de vol du contrat.

3.3.2. Altitude de vol

Le levé magnétique héliporté a été réalisé avec une altitude théorique de 30 m.

 

 

 

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Afin d’assurer une différence d’altitude minimale aux intersections entre les traverses et les lignes de contrôle, et par le fait même assurer une meilleure qualité des données nivelées, une surface moulant le relief topographique a été utilisée pour la navigation. Cette surface a été calculée en considérant le relief topographique et une pente de 15%. Les données topographiques disponibles sur SRTM furent utilisées pour le calcul de la surface de vol.

Les tolérances d’altitude ont été limitées à ± 20% de la surface de vol. De plus, cette limite de tolérance de ± 20% fut conservée afin d’évaluer les endroits où la déviation verticale entre l’élévation GPS de l’hélicoptère et la surface de vol calculée dépassait les normes acceptables et semblait affecter les données en maille.

3.4. Spécifications techniques

Lors du contrôle de la qualité effectué quotidiennement, les spécifications techniques suivantes, telles que définies dans le contrat, en plus des spécifications de vol, ont été considérées pour la sélection des lignes ou des parties de ligne à revoler ainsi que pour l’acceptation finales des données.

3.4.1. Variations diurnes

Pour la station de base magnétique, la déviation maximale tolérée sur une longueur de corde d’une minute fut de 2,0 nT (crête à crête) sur un total cumulatif de 20% ou plus de chaque ligne de vol.

3.4.2. Niveau de bruit sur les données magnétiques

En tout temps, la 4ième différence fut utilisée pour détecter et évaluer la présence de bruit sur les données magnétiques. Une enveloppe de bruit de 0,1 nT fut prise en compte pour l’acceptation finale des données.

 

 

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4. Équipements utilisés

4.1. Hélicoptère

Un hélicoptère AS350BA, immatriculation C-GOVD, a été utilisé pour ce projet (Figure 1). Cet hélicoptère était équipé d’un rostre attaché au patin d’atterrissage de l’hélicoptère d’une longueur de 9 mètres permettant l’installation du senseur magnétique.

Les caractéristiques de l’hélicoptère utilisé sont les suivantes:

 

Type :

  

AS350BA

Immatriculations :

  

C-GOVD

Autonomie (km) :

  

600

Vitesse de levé (m/s) :

  

Moyenne de 41 (varie de 21 à 57) ® Lepine

Moyenne de 45 (varie de 26 à 56) ® Bousquet-Odyno

Moyenne de 45 (varie de 17 à 58) ® Niobec

Essence :

  

Jet

Consommation d’essence (L/hr) :

  

170

Valeur pour le FOM (nT) :

  

2,115

 

 

LOGO

5. Figure 1 : Hélicoptère (C-GOVD) utilisé pour l’exécution du levé magnétique

 

 

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5.1. Systèmes aéroportés

Pour l’exécution de ses levés magnétiques héliportés, EON utilise des équipements à la fine pointe de la technologie tel que décrit dans les sections suivantes.

5.1.1. Magnétomètre

Un senseur Geometrics G822A, combiné à un compteur de haute résolution, a été utilisé pour mesurer les variations du champ magnétique total. Les spécifications de ce type de magnétomètre sont les suivantes :

 

Manufacturier :

  

Geometrics

Type et Modèle :

  

Césium G822A

Plage ambiante (nT) :

  

20 000 – 100 000

Sensibilité (nT) :

  

±0,0005

Précision absolue (nT) :

  

± 3

Enveloppe de bruit (nT) :

  

< 0,01

Intervalle d’échantillonnage (sec) :

  

0,1

Effet de cap (nT) :

  

< 0,15

5.1.2. Système d’acquisition de données et compensateur

Le système d’acquisition et de compensation ‘’Airborne Data Acquisition & Adaptive Aeromagnetic Real-Time Compensation (DAARC500)’’ de RMS Instruments a été utilisé par EON. Ce système permet un taux d’échantillonnage de 10 Hz (0,1 sec) et utilise un magnétomètre « fluxgate » à trois axes afin de suivre la position et les mouvements de l’hélicoptère par rapport au champ magnétique ambiant et d’ainsi calibrer la compensation selon une série de manœuvres standards de « roll », « pitch », et « yaw » dans les directions du levé.

Les entrées analogues et sérielles sont échantillonnées au même taux, ou à un sous-multiple, que les données du magnétomètre. Les données géophysiques et les données de positionnement GPS brutes sont enregistrées dans des fichiers binaires avec des marqueurs de temps et d’événement de début qui permettent une corrélation simple avec les autres données et le signal PPS du récepteur GPS. Le système d’acquisition est synchronisé au temps GPS par un signal GPS d’une seconde (PPS). Puisque la position GPS et l’UTC sont liés au « pulse » GPS, une corrélation précise est maintenue.

Ce système fournit une sortie graphique de haute résolution à un écran couleur intégré qui permet le suivi en temps réel de l’acquisition des données par l’opérateur.

5.1.3. Système de navigation

Le tableau suivant décrit le système de navigation ainsi que le système GPS différentiel héliporté utilisés pour la navigation en temps réel et l’enregistrement de la trajectoire de vol :

 

Système GPS différentiel héliporté

Manufacturier :

  

NovAtel

Modèle :

  

ProPak-V3

Système différentiel temps-réel :

  

WAAS

Système différentiel post-mission :

  

PPP

Fréquences :

  

L1-L2

 

 

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Précision (m) :

  

±1

Nombre de canaux :

  

12

Système de navigation :

  

Ag-Nav Linav

Affichage pour pilote :

  

ACL avec indicateurs «up/down» et

«left/right»

Intervalle d’échantillonnage (sec) :

  

1

Les principales caractéristiques du système de navigation sont les suivantes:

 

 

1)

Affichage graphique du plan et de la trajectoire de vol à partir des données GPS différentielles en temps réel;

 

 

2)

Navigation verticale utilisant une surface moulant le relief topographique (LiNav-3D);

 

 

3)

Indicateurs d’écarts par rapport à la ligne suivie et indicateurs de distance effectuée et à faire, indicateurs d’écarts verticaux par rapport a la surface suivie;

 

 

4)

Modes d’opération en carte, points de destination waypoint ou selon des lignes planifiées;

 

 

5)

Enregistrement des données GPS brutes pour traitement post-mission.

5.1.4. Altimètre radar

Les principales caractéristiques de l’altimètre radar installé dans l’hélicoptère sont les suivantes:

 

Manufacturier :

  

FreeFlight Systems

Modèle :

  

TRA-3000

Plage (pi) :

  

40 – 2 500

Précision :

  

± 5 pi (0-100 pi)

± 5% (100-500 pi)

± 7% (500-2500 pi)

Intervalle d’échantillonnage (sec) :

  

0.1

5.1.5. Altimètre barométrique

L’altitude barométrique a été calculée des données de pression et de température acquises en vol. Le tableau suivant décrit les caractéristiques des senseurs de pression et de température utilisés pour ce levé :

 

Manufacturier :

  

Vaisala

 

Vaisala

Modèle :

  

PTB110

 

HMP155

Paramètre mesuré :

  

Pression atmosphérique

 

Température ambiante

Précision:

  

± 0,3 hPa (mbar)

 

± 0,17 °C

Intervalle d’échantillonnage (sec) :

  

0.1

 

0.1

 

 

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5.2. Station de contrôle au sol

5.2.1. Magnétomètre

Une station de contrôle au sol du champ magnétique (voir les caractéristiques ci-dessous) fut installée à chaque base (Rouyn-Noranda et St-Honoré) afin d’enregistrer sans interruption les variations diurnes.

 

Manufacturier :

  

GEM Systems

Type :

  

Overhauser

Modèle :

  

GSM-19

Plage dynamique (nT) :

  

15 000 – 120 000

Sensibilité (nT) :

  

± 0,001

Précision absolue (nT) :

  

± 0,1

Intervalle d’échantillonnage (sec) :

  

1

Niveau de bruit (nT) :

  

< 0,1 nT

5.3. Système utilisé pour le contrôle de la qualité

Durant les opérations de terrain, la vérification quotidienne des données, provenant des tests et calibrations ou du levé magnétique, a été réalisée en utilisant les composantes suivantes.

 

Ordinateurs portables :

  

Pentium PCs

Logiciel :

  

Geosoft Oasis montaj

Transmission des données :

  

Site FTP

 

 

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6. Personnel

Le personnel d’EON ayant participé au bon déroulement du projet est présenté dans le Tableau 5 ci-dessous :

 

    Opérations de terrain

    Gestionnaire de projet

  

Khaled Moussaoui

Abbas Moussaoui

    Gestionnaire de terrain/Géophysicien

    Contrôleur de la qualité sur le terrain

  

Rick Bailey

    Pilote

  

Stéphane Caron

    Responsable des instruments

  

Paul Beaubien

    Ingénieur de l’entretien

  

Hélicoptères Panorama

    Traitement des données

  

    Traitement des données finales

  

Rick Bailey

Gérard Tessier

    Produits finaux

  

    Préparation des cartes

  

Marc Richard

    Rapport final

  

Khaled Moussaoui

Rick Bailey

Tableau 5 : Personnel impliqué dans le projet

 

 

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7. Opérations de terrain

7.1. Bases des opérations

Pour les blocs Lepine et Bousquet-Odyno, la ville de Rouyn-Noranda fut utilisée comme base des opérations. L’aéroport de Rouyn-Noranda a offert tous les services nécessaires, incluant l’essence Jet et la planification de vols. Pour le bloc Niobec, la ville de St-Honoré fut utilisée comme base des opérations. L’aéroport de St-Honoré a offert tous les services nécessaires, incluant l’essence Jet et la planification de vols.

7.2. Calendrier

Le Tableau 6 qui suit, présente le déroulement des différentes étapes du projet incluant les tests et les calibrations ainsi que la mobilisation et démobilisation. L’acquisition des données fut complétée le 15 mai 2012, pour un total de 2 616 km.

 

Hélicoptère

 

Date

  

Description

  1 – 2 mai 2012   

Installation des équipements dans l’hélicoptère à Alma

  2 – 3 mai 2012   

Tests pré-mobilisation

  3 mai 2012   

Mobilisation à Rouyn-Noranda

  3 mai 2012   

Tests pré-levé

AS350BA

  4 – 5 mai 2012   

Acquisition des données du bloc Lepine

(C-GOVD)

  6 mai 2012   

Acquisition des données du bloc Bousquet-Odyno

  7 mai 2012   

Mobilisation à St-Honoré

  7 mai 2012   

Tests pré-levé

          9 – 15 mai 2012           

Acquisition des données du bloc Niobec

  15 mai 2012   

Fin du levé / Démobilisation

Tableau 6 : Calendrier des étapes du projet

7.3. Défis opérationnels

La réalisation du levé magnétique héliporté a nécessité une collaboration et une communication constantes avec IAMGOLD, afin de coordonner les opérations avec les municipalités locales.

L’acquisition des données magnétiques fut interrompue principalement par les restrictions de vol au-dessus de la municipalité de St-Honoré (fins de journée et fins de semaines). De plus, les conditions météorologiques difficiles ont causé quelques journées de production perdues.

Tous ces problèmes sont détaillés dans le rapport quotidien présenté en Annexe C.

7.4. Tests et calibrations

Avant de débuter l’acquisition des données magnétiques, les tests et calibrations suivants ont été exécutés par l’hélicoptère en utilisant l’équipement décrit à la section 3.

 

 

 

Figure of Merit” (FOM)

 

 

 

Étalonnage des altimètres

Les résultats détaillés de ces tests sont présentés en Annexe A.

 

 

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8. Traitement des données

L’objectif principal du levé était l’acquisition et le traitement des données héliportées magnétiques. Le traitement préliminaire des données sur le terrain ainsi que le traitement final des données furent entièrement exécutés avec le logiciel Oasis montaj de Geosoft.

8.1. Projection cartographique

Les projections suivantes ont été utilisées pendant le projet (navigation, traitement des données, préparation des cartes) :

 

•   Projection :

  

UTM Zone 17N (Lepine et Bousquet-Odyno)

  

UTM Zone 19N (Niobec), MTM Zone 7 pour les mailles et cartes finales

•   Type :

  

Transverse Mercator

•   Datum :

  

WGS-84

•   Ellipsoïde de référence :

  

WGS-84

•   Transformation locale :

  

WGS-84 World

•   Unité de longueur :

  

Mètres

8.2. Traitement des données sur le terrain et contrôle de la qualité

À la fin de chaque vol, les données acquises étaient copiées et sauvegardées sur une unité USB, et transférées au géophysicien sur le terrain afin qu’il effectue le contrôle de la qualité et le traitement préliminaires des données tel que décrit dans ce qui suit.

En premier lieu, la trajectoire de vol était vérifiée afin de s’assurer que les lignes volées respectaient les exigences du contrat, espacement des lignes de vol, chevauchement advenant des portions de lignes ou des reprises de ligne, extension à l’extérieur du levé, etc. Une vérification de la couverture était réalisée et le kilométrage accepté était calculé et noté dans le rapport journalier de vol.

Par la suite, chacun des canaux de données enregistrés était affiché en profil, puis mis en maille, afin de vérifier que les spécifications mentionnées au contrat étaient respectées et afin de détecter rapidement d’éventuels problèmes au niveau du système d’acquisition ou de l’instrumentation. Une analyse statistique était également réalisée afin d’identifier les valeurs erronées et compléter ainsi le contrôle de la qualité.

À ce stade, toute ligne ou tout segment de ligne pouvant nécessiter un re-vol était noté. Un nivellement préliminaire était régulièrement exécuté de façon à évaluer l’impact de ces segments de lignes sur la qualité générale du produit final. Spécifiquement, la couverture, les déviations du plan et de la surface de vol, l’activité diurne, le niveau de bruit sur les données magnétiques, et les problèmes opérationnels (tel que le manque de données) sont vérifiés et les reprises de vol ensuite identifiées. Toutes les données finales ont respecté les spécifications du contrat.

8.3. Données de positionnement

Les données de positionnement RT-DGPS étaient transmises en temps réel à partir de l’unité GPS ProPak-V3 (NovAtel) vers le système d’acquisition DAARC500 pour synchronisation, enregistrement et navigation horizontale/verticale. Les corrections différentielles captées en temps réel par l’unité ProPak-V3 provenaient du système WAAS. Un contrôle quotidien de la qualité des données RT- DGPS était effectué de façon à s’assurer que leur précision demeurait appropriée pour fins de navigation (<5 m).

 

 

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Les données GPS brutes enregistrées en vol ont été utilisées dans le traitement post-mission du positionnement (PP-DGPS), en utilisant le système CSRS-PPP disponible sur le site web de Ressources naturelles Canada, afin d’obtenir des données de positionnement GPS finales en moins de quatre (4) heures. Le contrôle de la qualité final du GPS incluait l’inspection des profils de vitesse PP-DGPS ainsi qu’une comparaison avec les données RT-DGPS et d’altitude barométrique, de façon à s’assurer de l’amélioration de la précision en PP-DGPS (<1 m). Les données PP-DGPS furent de haute qualité et ne nécessitèrent aucune correction pour sauts ponctuels.

Les données de positionnement finales sont sans exception de type PP-DGPS. Elles furent utilisées pour le contrôle final du suivi de la trajectoire de vol planifiée, pour le contrôle de la qualité et l’édition des données radar via le calcul d’un modèle numérique de terrain, ainsi que pour le calcul des différences d’altitude aux intersections. Cette procédure a permis un contrôle additionnel du GPS, des données radar plus fiables, ainsi qu’une détection précise des segments de ligne présentant des déviations excessives pouvant justifier un re-vol, si la qualité des données en maille s’en trouve affectée.

8.4. Données altimétriques et modèle numérique de terrain

Tel que mentionné à la section précédente, le contrôle de la qualité sur le site et la correction finale des données radar ont été réalisés à partir du calcul d’un modèle numérique de terrain (DEM) utilisant l’altitude finale PP-DGPS et sa comparaison avec le modèle topographique publié par SRTM.

Les corrections requises sur les données radar ont été déterminées comme suit :

 

 

 

Corrections distinctes des données ponctuelles erronées (spikes) et des sauts de niveau;

 

 

 

Correction initiale, basée sur le nivellement des intersections DEM entre les lignes traverses-contrôles, visant le retrait des dérives radar à basse fréquence;

 

 

 

Nivellement brut DEM basé sur un filtre de 0,6 sec appliqué sur les données radar et la décorrugation directe de la maille DEM résultante.

Les données radar finales ont été maillées en utilisant uniquement les lignes de traverse et une cellule de maillage de 10 m (pour Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec) et de 15 m (pour Lepine), en utilisant l’algorithme de courbure minimale du logiciel Oasis montaj de Geosoft.

8.5. Données aéromagnétiques

Les données magnétiques provenant de la station de contrôle au sol étaient analysées quotidiennement afin de s’assurer qu’aucune donnée en vol n’ait été enregistrée durant des périodes présentant des micro-pulsations ou de l’activité diurne excédant les spécifications. Bien que toutes les précautions aient été prises afin d’installer la station de base dans des zones magnétiquement calmes, loin de toute activité humaine, passage de véhicules, lignes de transmission ou autre, les données magnétiques des stations de base furent également vérifiées afin de noter, et corriger s’il y a lieu, tout signal d’origine culturelle.

La correction du signal magnétique dû à la direction et aux manœuvres de l’hélicoptère fut effectuée durant l’acquisition via une compensation en temps réel utilisant les coefficients de compensation calculés lors des tests de FOM. Tel que mentionné auparavant dans la section 5.4, les résultats détaillés de ces tests sont présentés en Annexe A. La compensation en temps réel permet également le contrôle de la qualité des données par l’opérateur, lui permettant ainsi d’établir si les turbulences ou autres conditions de vol sont nuisibles à la qualité des données et par le fait même, déterminer si l’arrêt du vol en cours est nécessaire.

 

 

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LOGO

 

Après application d’une correction de décalage sur les données du champ magnétique total compensées, les données en profil furent vérifiées sur une base quotidienne afin d’évaluer l’efficacité de la compensation. Par la même occasion, une quatrième différence fut calculée à partir des données du champ magnétique total compensé afin de déterminer le niveau de bruit et de procéder à l’édition des données en profil, où les données ponctuelles erronées (spikes) ont été éliminées.

Dans le but d’éliminer les variations diurnes des profils de données magnétiques enregistrées en vol, une correction diurne fut calculée en utilisant les profils de la base éditée. La correction diurne fut obtenue par la soustraction d’une valeur moyenne de 55 979,9 nT (pour Lepine et Bousquet-Odyno) et de 55 586,9 nT (pour Niobec), et par l’application subséquente d’un filtre spatial 1-D FFT Butterworth de 1 200 m. La longueur du filtre fut déterminée selon l’espacement des lignes de contrôle et le degré d’amélioration observé suite à la correction sur les différences du champ magnétique aux intersections.

Un signal IGRF partiel fut ensuite utilisé afin de minimiser l’effet des déviations de la surface de vol entre lignes adjacentes. Les champs IGRF 2010 furent premièrement calculés pour les surfaces de vol. Un filtre passe-bas de 5 sec fut ensuite appliqué. Puis, le signal IGRF partiel fut calculé et enlevé du champ magnétique total (TMF) édité pour obtenir un TMF corrigé pour l’altitude.

La prochaine étape du traitement du TMF fut le nivellement, qui consiste à la distribution statistique appropriée des erreurs d’intersections traverses-contrôles, afin d’obtenir le modèle de correction le plus lisse possible sur chaque line. Un modèle de correction simple initial (moyenne) est premièrement appliqué sur les lignes de contrôle, et ensuite sur les lignes de traverse après avoir mis à jour les intersections sur les lignes de contrôle corrigées. Ce processus est poursuivi de façon itérative, utilisant des modèles de correction de longueur d’onde progressivement décroissante, afin de corriger davantage les erreurs résiduelles des passes précédentes. Les modèles de correction finaux ont été basés sur une spline à tension, avec tension = 0,0 et aspect lisse = 0,1 (traverse), tel que permis par le réseau des lignes.

Du micro-nivellement, un processus basé sur l’application de filtres en maille directionnels, a été exécuté, afin d’enlever les corrugations sur le TMF résiduel nivelé (visibles sur la première dérivée) observées surtout dans les intervalles de traverse entre les lignes de contrôles. De telles corrections furent inévitables dus, en partie, au ratio de réseau 10:1/8:1, mais surtout aux grandes déviations en altitude de la surface de vol tel que requis au-dessus des zones habitées. Les corrugations sont souvent les plus fortes dans des régions de haut gradient magnétique. Comme tel, un processus de micro-nivellement à deux (2) passes est appliqué. Les deux (2) passes utilisent un seuil limite variable pour minimiser l’application de filtres dans les zones où le nivellement par intersection est efficace. La première passe est contrôlée par la déviation en altitude de la surface de vol, tandis que la deuxième passe est contrôlée par l’activité relative du bloc, utilisant le signal analytique du TMF nivelé. Les paramètres de contrôle et de seuil limite sont spécifiés dans le Tableau 7 ci-dessous.

 

Bloc

  

Longueur
du filtre
en maille
(m)

  

Longueur
du filtre en
profil (m)

  

Passe 1

Déviation de la
surface de vol (m)

  

Seuil limite
(nT)

  

Passe 2

Signal
analytique (nT)

  

Seuil limite
(nT)

Lepine

   450    300    -6 à 6    7    <2,0    7
         -10 à -6 et 6 à 10    Interpolation linéaire 7 à 50    2,0 à 3,0    Interpolation linéaire 7 à 50
         <-10 ou >10    50    >3,0    50

Bousquet-Odyno

   250    250    -6 à 6    5    <1,0    0
         -10 à -6 et 6 à 10    Interpolation linéaire 5 à 25    1,0 à 1,5    Interpolation linéaire 0 à 25
         <-10 ou >10    25    >1,5    25

Niobec

   250    250    -6 à 6    7    <2,0    7
         -10 à -6 et 6 à 10    Interpolation linéaire 7 à 50    2,0 à 3,0    Interpolation linéaire 7 à 50
         <-10 ou >10    50    >3,0    50

Tableau 7 : Paramètres de micro-nivellement

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

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page 15

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EON 12002


LOGO

 

Le micro-nivellement dans la première passe a été appliqué en calculant la maille d’erreur sur le TMF en appliquant un filtre passe-haut Butterworth (se référer au Tableau 7 pour les longueurs d’onde limites, ordre=0) et un filtre cosinus directionnel (direction=180° pour Lepine et Bousquet-Odyno, direction=340° pour Niobec, degré de la fonction cosinus=1,5). La maille d’erreur est enlevée du TMF nivelé par lignes de contrôle pour produire une maille corrigée. Cette maille est ré-échantillonnée dans la base de données et le champ d’erreur est créé par la soustraction des profils nivelés par lignes de contrôle. Ce champ d’erreur est ensuite limité (seuil limite contrôlé par la déviation de la surface de vol) et un filtre passe-bas est appliqué. Ceci devient la première passe de la correction de micro-nivellement, qui est appliquée au champ magnétique nivelé par lignes de contrôle. Ce processus est ensuite répété sur le TMF micro-nivelé résultant (première passe), cette fois utilisant le signal analytique comme contrôle pour le degré de limitation. La correction totale de micro-nivellement est l’addition des deux (2) passes.

Finalement, le champ géomagnétique de référence (IGRF) fut calculé selon le modèle IGRF-2010 en utilisant une date fixe, la position d’acquisition et une altitude de vol moyenne fixe, pour chaque bloc. Les paramètres de correction IGRF sont spécifiés dans le Tableau 8 ci-dessous. Le champ magnétique total résiduel fut obtenu par la soustraction du champ géomagnétique de référence du champ magnétique total micro-nivelé.

 

Bloc

   Altitude IGRF (m)    Date IGRF

Lepine

   342,5    2012/05/04

Bousquet-Odyno

   348,2    2012/05/06

Niobec

   163,0    2012/05/12

Tableau 8 : Paramètres de correction IGRF

6.4.3. Données maillées

Les données magnétiques finales ont été maillées en utilisant uniquement les lignes de traverse et une cellule de maillage de 10 m (pour Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec) et de 15 m (pour Lepine), en utilisant l’algorithme de courbure minimale du logiciel Oasis montaj de Geosoft. Le calcul de la dérivée première verticale a été réalisé en utilisant la fonction magmap1 de ce logiciel.

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 16

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

9. Produits finaux

9.1. Particularités de la compilation

 

Échelle des cartes :

  

1:10 000 (Lepine et Niobec)

  

1:5 000 (Bousquet-Odyno)

Coordonnées (WGS-84) :

  

UTM Zone 17N (Lepine et Bousquet-Odyno)

  

UTM Zone 19N (Niobec), MTM Zone 7 pour les mailles et cartes finales

Quadrillage des mailles :

  

15 mètres (Lepine) et 10 mètres (Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec)

9.2. Cartes finales

Les cartes finales suivantes ont été remises à IAMGOLD en deux (2) copies papier :

 

 

 

Le champ magnétique total (avec et sans contours)

 

 

Le champ magnétique total résiduel (avec et sans contours)

 

 

La dérivée première verticale du champ magnétique total

 

 

La trajectoire de vol

9.3. Données numériques

Les données numériques suivantes ont été livrées à IAMGOLD en trois (3) exemplaires sur DVD :

 

Résumé des produits numériques finaux

Produit

  

Données

  

Format et projection

Bases de données

  

Données magnétiques

   Geosoft GDB, WGS-84

Mailles

  

Champ magnétique total

   Geosoft GRD, WGS-84
  

Champ magnétique total résiduel

   Geosoft GRD, WGS-84
  

Dérivée première verticale du champ magnétique total

   Geosoft GRD, WGS-84

Cartes 1:50 000

  

Champ magnétique total (avec et sans contours)

   Geosoft MAP et PDF, WGS-84
  

Champ magnétique total résiduel (avec et sans contours)

   Geosoft MAP et PDF, WGS-84
  

Dérivée première verticale du champ magnétique total

   Geosoft MAP et PDF, WGS-84
  

Trajectoire de vol

   Geosoft MAP et PDF, WGS-84

Rapport

  

Logistique, traitement et documentation des produits

   WORD et PDF

Une description complète des bases de données finales est fournie en Annexe B.

9.4. Autres produits

 

 

 

Trois (3) copies papier du rapport final

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 17

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

10. Conclusion

L’acquisition des données magnétiques héliportées des blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec, situés dans les régions de Rouyn-Noranda et St-Honoré, a été complétée en utilisant un hélicoptère AS350BA, C-GOVD, permettant la mesure du champ magnétique total, grâce à un magnétomètre monté dans un rostre fixé au patin d’atterrissage de l’hélicoptère.

Une fois mobilisé sur le site des travaux, environ deux (2) semaines ont été nécessaires pour acquérir les 2 616 km linéaires de données magnétiques.

Les problèmes majeurs rencontrés lors de ce levé, qui ont quelque peu ralenti la production, sont les restrictions de vol au-dessus de la municipalité de St-Honoré et les mauvaises conditions météorologiques. La totalité des données acquises respecte les exigences d’IAMGOLD et a permis la production de produits finaux de haute qualité.

 

Soumis par :  

   
 

Abbas Moussaoui, Ing. (#29152)

 

Directeur général

 

EON Géosciences Inc.

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 18

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

11. Annexe A – Résultats des tests et calibrations

A.1. “Figure of Merit” (FOM)

 

EON Geosciences Inc.

  
FOM Test:    MAG1: Front stinger      Date:         03-May-12   

Slot file

  

mat6.x

     Flight:         802   

Project:

   12002      Location:         Rouyn-Noranda   

Client:

   IAMGOLD      Helicopter         C-GOVD   

Pilot:

   Stephane Caron      Sensors:         front stinger   

Operator

   Paul Beaubien      Altitude:         3100m   

Processor:

   Rick Bailey      Comp:         RMS Comp   

Notes: 8 seconds high pass filter used to determine amplitudes.

 

MAG 1 Results

   ucomp      comp      IR  

Total

     119.472         2.413         49.512   

 

S

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range

end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81159    81285    6.750    0.225    30.000

Roll

   S180    81305    81349    20.070    0.231    86.883

Yaw

      81357    81386    6.450    0.120    53.750
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            33.270    0.576    57.760
           

 

  

 

  

 

E

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range

end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81117    81117    5.986    0.200    29.930

Roll

   S90    81159    81159    0.530    0.067    7.910

Yaw

      81178    81204    4.960    0.181    27.403
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            11.476    0.448    25.616
           

 

  

 

  

 

N

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range

end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      80925    80964    9.160    0.409    22.396

Roll

   S360    80973    81014    21.721    0.207    104.932

Yaw

      81023    81053    6.885    0.188    36.622
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            37.766    0.804    46.973
           

 

  

 

  

 

W

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range

end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81439    81475    8.350    0.252    33.135

Roll

   S270    81492    81532    26.340    0.223    118.117

Yaw

      81538    81579    2.270    0.110    20.636
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            36.960    0.585    63.179
           

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 19

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

EON Geosciences Inc.

     

FOM Test:

   MAG1: Front stinger    Date:    07-May-12

Slot file

       mat7.x       Flight:    803

Project:

      12002    Location:    St. Honoré

Client:

      IAMGOLD    Helicopter    C-GOVD

Pilot:

      Stephane Caron    Sensors:    front stinger

Operator

      Paul Beaubien    Altitude:    3050m

Processor:

      Rick Bailey    Comp:    RMS Comp

Notes: 8 seconds high pass filter used to determine amplitudes.

 

MAG 1 Results

   ucomp      comp      IR  

Total

     142.972         2.115         67.599   

 

S

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range

end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81634    81653    5.993    0.395    15.172

Roll

   S160    81658    81684    21.761    0.150    145.073

Yaw

      81692    81709    8.019    0.081    99.000
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            35.773    0.626    57.145
           

 

  

 

  

 

E

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81509    81536    7.041    0.083    84.831

Roll

   S70    81540    81566    20.570    0.304    67.664

Yaw

      81570    81595    6.110    0.160    38.188
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            33.721    0.547    61.647
           

 

  

 

  

 

N

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81402    81425    9.935    0.210    47.310

Roll

   S340    81431    81454    22.694    0.278    81.633

Yaw

      81464    81481    1.797    0.140    12.836
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            34.426    0.628    54.818
           

 

  

 

  

 

W

  

Line

  

start

  

Fid range end

  

ucomp

  

comp

  

IR

Pitch

      81754    81777    13.120    0.105    124.952

Roll

   S250    81794    81818    21.616    0.140    154.400

Yaw

      81826    81846    4.316    0.069    62.551
           

 

  

 

  

 

Total

            39.052    0.314    124.369
           

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 20

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

A.2. Étalonnage de l’altimètre

 

C-GOVD May 3rd 2012
EON Geosciences Inc.

    Altimeter calibration                 Roberval
Airport
    AntH     179.0 mMSL
2.5 m
    Roberval, YRJ, 586’, 179m
Aircraft C-GOVD (RMS System)

Units

    mMSL     uV     m           m     mMSL     mbar     C     mMSL     mMSL     mMSL     m     Constants and formulaes below are valid under 11000m

Line

  fid range     z     rrawAo     raltAo           raltAerr     DTM     PrawBo     TrawBo     bstpBo     brawBo     baltBo     baltBerr     Baro    

Constants (sea level)

 

units

80100

    57963.0        58019.0        215.1        199167        33.7        110.5        0.1        178.9        990.4        14.5        195.7        192.1        184.3        -30.8        8314.32     

R - Universal Gas Constant

 

kmol-1

80200

    57858.0        57909.0        245.2        382973        63.6        208.8        -0.1        179.1        988.0        14.2        216.5        212.3        204.5        -40.7        273.15     

T - Celsius zero in Kelvin

 

K

80300

    57740.0        57792.0        274.6        564180        93.2        305.7        0.1        178.9        983.1        13.9        259.2        253.8        246.1        -28.5        28.96442     

M - Molecular Weight of Air

 

kg*kmol-1

80400

    57621.0        57671.0        304.2        743307        122.4        401.5        -0.3        179.3        981.0        13.7        277.6        271.6        263.9        -40.3        9.80665     

g - acceleration of gravity

 

m*s-2

80500

    57505.0        57557.0        332.7        921128        151.4        496.7        0.2        178.8        975.8        14.5        323.2        317.1        309.4        -23.3        0.00     

H - Datum Height    

 

m

80600

    57390.0        57442.0        362.6        1104362        181.3        594.7        0.2        178.8        973.6        13.4        342.5        334.8        327.1        -35.5        1013.25     

P - Datum Pressure

 

mbar

80700

    57268.0        57321.0        393.4        1287884        211.2        692.8        -0.7        179.7        969.1        13.3        382.3        373.5        365.8        -27.6        20.00     

st - Standard Temperature

 

Celsius

80800

    57154.0        57199.0        423.3        1482051        242.8        796.7        1.0        178.0        965.7        13.5        412.4        403.3        395.6        -27.7         

80900

    57033.0        57082.0        453.8        1662007        272.2        893.0        -0.1        179.1        962.0        13.7        445.4        435.8        428.1        -25.7         

81000

    56914.0        56964.0        451.6        1647075        269.7        885.0        -0.4        179.4        962.9        14.2        437.4        428.7        421.0        -30.6         
                                Formula for MSL baro altitude from pressure and temperature
             

 

 

   

 

 

             

 

 

       
   

Statistics

                 0.0        179.0                  -31.1        brawBo= H + (R*(TrawBo+T)/M*g)*ln(P/PrawBo)
             

 

 

   

 

 

             

 

 

       
   

Calibrations

         raltAo        a        b                    baltBo        a        b        Formula for STP baro altitude from pressure and STP temperature
        linest        0.0001630411        182.70                    linest        0.9668049        34.05        bstpBo= H + (R*(st+T)/M*g)*ln(P/PrawBo)
        used        0.0001630411        1.20                    used        1.0000000        -7.73         

 

LOGO

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

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EON 12002


LOGO

 

12. Annexe B – Description des champs des bases de données finales

12002 – Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno, Niobec – Quebec, Canada 2012

Final database (June 7th 2012)

EON Geosciences Inc.

Rick Bailey

Notes:  -All data were acquired from Astar 350 BA aircraft, registration C-GOVD, (RMS acquisition system).

-Data channels were kept at their original field sampling rates.

-Lags have been applied to raw and processed data channels, unless otherwise specified.

-See processing notes below.

Channel description (1-21):

 

    

Channel

Name

  

Sampling
Rate

  

Units

  

Description

  

Comments

1

  

Line10

  

10Hz

     

Line Number

  

2

  

Lon

  

01Hz

  

deg

  

Longitude

  

3

  

Lat

  

01Hz

  

deg

  

Latitude

  

4

  

x

  

01Hz

  

m

  

UTM Easting

  

WGS-84, Z17N(L,B)/19N(N), Differential GPS

5

  

y

  

01Hz

  

m

  

UTM Northing

  

WGS-84, Z17N(L,B)/19N(N), Differential GPS

6

  

fid10

  

10Hz

  

s

  

Fiducial Time

  

UTC seconds past midnight

7

  

hgps

  

01Hz

  

HH:MM:SS.SS

  

Time

  

8

  

raltlc

  

10Hz

  

m

  

Radar altitude,

edited

  

AGL, corrected for spikes, noise, adjusted through DTM levelling

9

  

z

  

01Hz

  

m

  

GPS altitude

  

MSL, from Differential GPS

10

  

DTMc

  

01Hz

  

m

  

Digital

Topographic Model, edited

  

Calculated from the difference between z, raltlc and the gps antenna - altimeter offset. MSL

11

  

baseA

  

01Hz

  

nT

  

Base A TMF

  

Mag base station, edited

12

  

m3l

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF

  

Lag removed

13

  

mreslc

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF, partial IGRF removed

  

Partial IGRF to drape surface removed from m3l

14

  

mreslcb

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF, diurnals

corrected

  

Filtered diurnal signal removed from mreslc

15

  

mreslvl

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF, levelled

  

Intersection levelling correction applied on mreslcb

16

  

mreslvli

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF, levelled,

IGRF removed

  

IGRF removed from mreslvl

17

  

mreslvld2

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF, micro-

levelled

  

Micro-levelling correction applied on mreslvl

18

  

mreslvld2i    

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

TMF, micro-

levelled, IGRF

removed

  

IGRF removed from mreslvld

19

  

migrfz2

  

10Hz

  

nT

  

IGRF

  

Applied IGRF Field

20

  

x_MTM

  

01Hz

  

m

  

MTM Easting

  

WGS-84, MTM Zone7, Niobec only

21

  

y_MTM

  

01Hz

  

m

  

MTM Northing

  

WGS-84, MTM Zone7, Niobec only

Processing Notes:

 

1.

Base station data were manually edited for cultural interference.

 

2.

A ‘height correction’ based on IGRF was applied to account for height deviations from drape.

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 22

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

3.

IGRF was removed after levelling.

 

4.

Corrugation still remains between ties after tie-line levelling. As a result, two passes of micro-levelling were used. Both passes use a variable clip to minimize filtering in areas where intersection levelling is effective. In pass 1, the degree of micro-levelling is limited by altitude deviation from drape, while pass 2 is limited by the relative activity of the block, using the analytic signal of mreslvl. See Table I below for processing parameters.

 

5.

IGRF is calculated at a fixed average survey height on a fixed date (Table I).

PROCESSING PARAMETERS (Table I):

 

    

Block

  

Grid Filter
Length (m)

  

Pass 1 –
Deviation from
drape (m)

  

Clip (nT)

  

Pass 2 –
Analytic Signal
(nT)

  

        Clip (nT)        

  

IGRF Altitude
(m above MSL)

  

IGRF Date

1

  

Lepine (L)

      <-10 or >10    50    <2.0    7    342.5    2012/05/04
         -6 to 6    7    2.0 to 3.0   

Lin. Interp 7

to 50

     
         -10 to -6 and 6 to 10   

Lin interp.

7 to 50

   >3.0    7      

2

  

Bousquet-Odyno (B)

   250    <-10 or >10    25    <1.0    0    348.2    2012/05/06
         -6 to 6    5    1.0 to 1.5   

Lin. Interp 0

to 25

     
         -10 to -6 and 6 to 10    Lin interp. 5 to 25    >1.5    25      

3

  

Niobec (N)

   250    <-10 or >10    50    <2.0    7    163.0    2012/05/12
         -6 to 6    7    2.0 to 3.0   

Lin. Interp 7

to 50

     
         -10 to -6 and 6 to 10    Lin interp. 7 to 50    >3.0    7      

GRIDS (TABLE II):

 

    

Grid Name

  

Units

  

Comments

1

  

12002_L_TMF.grd

12002_B_TMF.grd

12002_N_TMF.grd

   nT   

Gridded from mreslvld2 channel (Micro-levelled total field magnetic)

WGS-84 UTM17N, (B),(L)

WGS-84 MTM Zone7 (N)

2

  

12002_L_RTF.grd

12002_B_RTF.grd

12002_N_RTF.grd

   nT   

Gridded from mreslvld2i channel (Micro-levelled total field magnetic, IGRF corrected)

WGS-84 UTM17N, (B),(L)

WGS-84 MTM Zone7 (N)

3

  

12002_L_FVM.grd

12002_B_FVM.grd

12002_N_FVM.grd

   nT/m   

First Vertical Derivative of mreslvld2 (Micro-levelled total field magnetic)

WGS-84 UTM17N, (B),(L)

WGS-84 MTM Zone7 (N)

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 23

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002


LOGO

 

13. Annexe C – Rapport quotidien

 

     

LOGO  

  

   
 

EON GEOSCIENCES INC
report (C-GOVD sheet 1/1)

 
  
    Daily     

6500 Transcanadienne, bureau 120, St-Laurent QC, Canada H4T  1X4

Tel: +1-514-341-3366, Cell: +1-514-651-6391, Fax:  +1-514-341-5366

info@eongeosciences.com

Aircraft

         

Projects

      

Area & Client

         

Crew chiefs:

            

Code:

   

C-GOVD

      

12002, L

      

IAMGOLD, Lepine (Abitibi)

      

Pilots:

    

Stephane Caron

Type:

   

ASTAR-350BA

      

12002, B

      

IAMGOLD, Bousquet-Odyno (Abitibi)

      

Engineers:

            

FBO:

   

Panorma Helicopters

      

12002, N

      

IAMGOLD, Niobec (Saguenay)

      

Operators:

    

Paul Beaubien

Inst:

   

Stinger Mag

              

Processors:

    

Gerard Tessier, Khaled Moussaoui, Richard Bailey

Project

  

    12002        12002     12002         

 

Total

Project

 

  

  C-GOVD Activity Histogram

Aircraft

  

    C-GOVD        C-GOVD     C-GOVD         

BLOCK

  

    L        B     N         

Planned Kms

  

    1176.83        344.86     1094.24          2615.93     

Total flown Kms

  

    1193.32        344.87     1118.31          2656.50     

Set-up (SE)

      

4.0

    

Total accepted Kms

  

    1176.90        344.87     1094.24          2616.01     

Production (P)

      

4.0

    

Total survey hours

  

    11.20        5.10     10.00          26.30     

Maintenance (M)

      

Total test-training hours

  

    1.60          1.00          2.60     

Electronics (E)

      

0.3

    

Total ferry hours

  

    6.80        1.00     5.30          13.10     

Diurnals (D)

      

Total aircraft hours

  

    19.60        6.10     16.30          42.00     

Weather (W)

      

3.0

    

Total aircraft days

  

            14.25     

Training (TR)

      

Average kms/day (total)

  

            183.58     

Safety (SAF)

      

Average kms/hour (survey)

  

    105.08        67.62     109.42          99.47     

Crew (CR)

      

Project Completion

  

    100.0%        100.0%     100.0%          100.0%     

Other (X)

      

3.0

    

Flight information

    Aircraft hours     Kilometreage    

Daily activity report

   

Comments

Date   Project
no.
    BLK     Flt     Crew (initials)     Ferry     Test
Train
  Sur-
vey
    Total     Flown     Accepted    

Activity Code (per 1/4
days)

   

1-May-12

                             

AM: Installation of equipment into helicopter in Alma.

    12002            mr,pb,sc,rb                  SE     SE        SE        SE     

PM: Installation and testing of mag base at Rouyn-

                             

Noranda airport.

2-May-12

    12002            mr,pb,sc,rb                  SE     SE        SE        SE     

AM: Equipment Installation continues.

PM: Equipment testing

3-May-12

   

 

 

12002

12002

12002

  

  

  

   

 

 

L

L

L

  

  

  

   

 

 

801

 

802

  

 

  

   

 

 

mr,pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

  

  

  

   

 

 

0.4

2.8

 

  

  

 

  0.6

 

1.0

     

 
 

1.0

2.8
1.0

  

  
  

      SE     SE        SE        SE     

AM: Lag test and Radar Altimeter test flown near Roberval.

PM: C-GOVD ferries from Alma to  Rouyn-Noranda. FOM flight near Rouyn-Noranda airport. Full crew on site.

4-May-12

    12002        L        001        pb,sc,rb        0.6            0.6          P     P        P        P     

AM: Flt001 aborted due to low cloud and rain. Flt002 (lines 1010,-1020; to be re-flown. Drape deviation).

PM: Flt003 (lines 1030-1340). Flt004 (lines 1350-1540).

    12002        L        002        pb,sc,rb        0.5          0.2        0.7        16.42               
    12002        L        003        pb,sc,rb        0.5          2.7        3.2        262.72        262.72             
    12002        L        004        pb,sc,rb        0.5          1.4        1.9        164.20        164.20             

5-May-12

   
 
 
12002
12002
12002
  
  
  
   

 

 

L

L

L

  

  

  

   
 
 
005
006
007
  
  
  
   

 

 

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

  

  

  

   

 

 

0.5

0.5

0.5

  

  

  

     

 

 

2.5

2.4

2.0

  

  

  

   

 

 

3.0

2.9

2.5

  

  

  

   

 

 

246.30

289.98

213.70

  

  

  

   

 

 

246.30

289.98

213.70

  

  

  

  P     P        P        P     

AM: Flt005 (lines 1550-1820, lines 1010 & 1020 re- flown). Flt006 (lines 1830-2010, ties 8010-8140)

PM: Flt007 (lines 2020-2360). Lepine Block completed.

6-May-12

   

 

 

12002

12002

12002

  

  

  

   

 

 

B

B

B

  

  

  

   

 

 

008

009

010

  

  

  

   

 

 

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

  

  

  

   

 

 

0.4

0.3

0.3

  

  

  

     

 

 

2.6

1.5

1.0

  

  

  

   

 

 

3.0

1.8

1.3

  

  

  

   

 

 

173.99

116.31

54.57

  

  

  

   

 

 

173.99

116.31

54.57

  

  

  

  P     P        P        P     

AM: Flt008 (lines 3010-3660).

PM: Flt009 (lines 3670-3990, ties 7010-7070). Flt010 (lines 4000-4300).

7-May-12

   

 

12002

12002

  

  

   

 

N

N

  

  

 

 

 

 

803

 

  

   

 

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

  

  

   

 

3.4

 

  

 

 

 

1.0

     
 
3.4
1.0
  
  
      SE     SE        SE        SE     

AM: Demobilization

PM: C-GOVD ferries from Rouyn-Noranda to Roberval and from Roberval to St. Honoré. FOM flight near St. Honoré airport.

8-May-12

    12002        N          pb,sc,rb                  W     W        W        W     

AM: No flight due to poor weather conditions. Rain and low cloud.

PM: Rain and low cloud continues through afternoon. Full crew on-site.

9-May-12

   

 

12002

12002

  

  

   

 

N

N

  

  

   

 

011

012

  

  

   

 

pb,sc,rb

pb,sc,rb

  

  

   

 

0.4

0.2

  

  

     

 

2.6

1.0

  

  

   

 

3.0

1.2

  

  

   

 

272.65

112.30

  

  

   

 

264.63

104.28

  

  

  W     W        P        X     

AM: No flight due to rain and low clouds.

PM: Flt011 (lines 1010-1240, ties 8010-8130). Flt012 (lines 1250-1380). Flt012 terminated early by client’s request.

                             

AM: Flt013 terminated early due to rain and low

10-May-12

    12002        N        013        pb,sc,rb        0.4            0.4          W     W        W        X     

visibility. No lines flown

                             

PM: No flight due to rain and low visibility.

11-May-12

    12002        N          pb,sc,rb                  W     W        W        X     

AM: No flight due to rain and low clouds.

PM: Rain and low cloud continues through afternoon.

12-May-12

    12002        N          pb,sc,rb                  X     X        X        X     

AM/PM: No flight due to flying restrictions over weekend.

13-May-12

    12002        N          pb,sc,rb                  X     X        X        X     

AM/PM: No flight due to flying restrictions over weekend.

14-May-12

    12002        N        014        pb,sc,rb        0.3          1.5        1.8        168.61        160.58      E     P        P        X     

AM: Flt014 (lines 1570-1770)

    12002        N        015        pb,sc,rb        0.3          2.8        3.1        339.94        339.94             

PM: Flt015 (lines 1780-2170, ties 8140-8160)

15-May-12

    12002        N        016        pb,sc,rb        0.3          2.1        2.4        224.81        224.81      P        

AM: Flt016 (lines 1390-1560, 2180-2240). Re-flight (lines 1141, 1251, 1271, 1291, 1731, 8121, tie 8121)

PM: SURVEY COMPLETED

 

 

IAMGOLD Corporation

Levé magnétique héliporté

Blocs Lepine, Bousquet-Odyno et Niobec

  

page 24

15 juillet 2012

EON 12002