0001137171-15-000093.txt : 20150506 0001137171-15-000093.hdr.sgml : 20150506 20150506160942 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001137171-15-000093 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 20-F PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 13 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20141231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20150506 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20150506 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: EMGOLD MINING CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001199392 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: METAL MINING [1000] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: A1 FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 20-F SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-51411 FILM NUMBER: 15837049 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: SUITE 1010 - 789 WEST PENDER STREET CITY: VANCOUVER STATE: A1 ZIP: V6H 1H2 BUSINESS PHONE: (778) 375-3106 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: SUITE 1010 - 789 WEST PENDER STREET CITY: VANCOUVER STATE: A1 ZIP: V6H 1H2 20-F 1 emgold20f04302015.htm EMGOLD MINING CORPORATION - 20-F

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) or 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

     XANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______________ to _______________

OR

SELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report__________________

Commission file number 000-51411

EMGOLD MINING CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Suite 1010, 789 West Pender Street
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6H 1H2

(Address of principal executive offices)
Grant T. Smith
Suite 1010, 789 West Pender Street
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6H 1H2
Tel: (604) 639-0909  Fax: (778) 375-3109
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class   Name of each exchange on which registered
None   None

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Shares without par Value
(Title of class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None
(Title of class)
  1
   

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report. 77,832,462 common shares

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ¨ No þ

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes ¨ No þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ¨ Accelerated Filer ¨ Non-Accelerated Filer þ

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ¨

International Financial Reporting Standards
as issued by the International Accounting
Standards Board R

Other ¨

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by a check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

Item 17¨ Item 18 ¨ NOT APPLICABLE

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ¨ No þ

 

  2
   

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

Certain statements in this Annual Report under the captions “Risk Factors”, “Business Overview”, “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” and elsewhere in this Annual Report and the documents attached as exhibits constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States securities laws. Some forward-looking statements may be identified by such terms as “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends” or “expects.” These forward-looking statements are based on the Company’s current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends affecting the financial condition of its business and the industry in which it operates. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company, or industry results to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to revise or update forward-looking statements in respect of actual results, performance or achievements. Such factors include, among others, the following: general economic and business conditions, which will, among other things, impact demand for gold and other metals; industry capacity; the ability of the Company to implement its business strategy; changes in, or the unintentional failure to comply with, government regulations (especially safety and environmental laws and regulations); changes in the uses of gold and other metals; gold and commodity price volatility; increased competition; mining risks; exploration programs not being successful; inability to obtain financing; inability to obtain or, cancellation of, government permits; changes to regulations and mining law; increased reclamation obligations; title defects with respect to properties; risks associated with international operations; and foreign exchange and currency fluctuations.

 

Conversion of metric units into imperial equivalents is as follows:

Conversion Factors (Metric and Imperial Units)

Metric units Multiply by Imperial units
Hectares 2.471 = acres
Metres 3.281 = feet
Kilometres 0.621 = miles (5,280 feet)
Grams 0.032 = ounces (troy)
Tonnes 1.102 = tons (short) (2,000 lbs)
grams/tonne 0.029 = ounces (troy)/ton

 

  3
   

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO U.S. INVESTORS

 

This Annual Report uses the terms "measured resources" and "indicated resources." We advise U.S. investors that while such terms are recognized and permitted under Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize them. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of the mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into reserves.

 

This Annual Report may use the term “inferred resources.” We advise U.S. investors that while such term is recognized and permitted under Canadian regulations, it is not recognized by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. “Inferred resources” have a significant amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or other economic studies. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of an inferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable.

 

S.E.C. Industry Guide 7 National Instrument 43-101
Reserve: That part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination.  The United States Securities and Exchange Commission requires a final or full Feasibility Study to be completed in order to support either Proven or Probable Reserves and does not recognize other classifications of mineralized deposits. Note that for industrial mineral properties, in addition to the Feasibility Study, “sales” contracts or actual sales may be required in order to prove the project’s commerciality and reserve status. Mineral Reserve: The economically mineable part of a Measured or Indicated Mineral Resource demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility study.  This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified.
Proven Reserves: Reserves for which a quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or drill holes; grade and/or quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling of the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are spaced so closely and the geologic character is so well defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of reserves are well established. Proven Mineral Reserve: The economically mineable part of a Measured Mineral Resource demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility study.  This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic, and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction is justified.
Probable Reserves: Reserves for which quantity and grade and/or quality are computed from information similar to that used for proven reserves, but the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced.  The degree of assurance, although lower than that for proven reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observation. Probable Mineral Reserve: The economically mineable part of an indicated, and in some circumstances, a Measured Mineral Resource, demonstrated by at least a Preliminary Feasibility Study.  This study must include adequate information on mining, processing, metallurgical, economic and other relevant factors that demonstrate, at the time of reporting, that economic extraction can be justified.
  4
   

 

Glossary of Abbreviations

 

AAAnnexation Application
AgSilver
AuGold
BaBarium
CoCobalt
CuCopper
EMElectromagnetic
FeIron
gpmGallons per minute
gptGrams per tonne
g/tGrams per tonne
IPInduced Polarization geophysical survey
NiNickel
NSRNet smelter returns royalty
ozTroy ounce
PbLead
PdPalladium
ppbParts per billion
ppmParts per million
PtPlatinum
SSulphur
tonShort ton (2,000 pounds)
tonneMetric ton (1000 kilograms - 2204.62 pounds)
tpdTons per day
VLFVery low frequency electromagnetic geophysical survey
VMSVolcanogenic massive sulphide

 

All currency amounts in this Annual Report are stated in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated.

 

 

  5
   

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Glossary of Abbreviations 5
PART 1 7
ITEM 1.    IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS 7
ITEM 2.    OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE 7
ITEM 3.    KEY INFORMATION 7
ITEM 4.    INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY 17
ITEM 4A.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 40
ITEM 5.    OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS 40
ITEM 6.    DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES 47
ITEM 7.    MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 59
ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL INFORMATION 60
ITEM  9.   THE OFFER AND LISTING 60
ITEM 10.   ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 62
ITEM 11.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 72
ITEM 12.   DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES 72
PART II 73
ITEM 13.   DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES 73
ITEM 14.   MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS 73
ITEM 15.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 73
ITEM 16A   AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT 73
ITEM 16B.   CODE OF ETHICS 74
ITEM 16C.   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 74
ITEM 16D.   EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES 74
ITEM 16E.   PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS 74
ITEM 16F.   CHANGE IN Registrant’s CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT 74
ITEM 16G.   CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 75
ITEM 16H.   MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE 75
PART III 75
ITEM 17.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 75
ITEM 18.   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 75
ITEM 19.   EXHIBITS 76
Index to Exhibits 76
Glossary of Geologic and Mining Terms 77
SIGNATURES 82
  6
   

PART 1

 

ITEM 1.IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

 

(a)Directors and Senior Management

 

This form 20-F is being filed as an annual report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and as such, there is no requirement to provide any information under this item.

 

(b)Advisers

 

This form 20-F is being filed as an annual report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and as such, there is no requirement to provide any information under this item.

 

(c)Auditor

 

This form 20-F is being filed as an annual report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and as such, there is no requirement to provide any information under this item.

 

ITEM 2.OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

 

This form 20-F is being filed as an annual report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and as such, there is no requirement to provide any information under this item.

 

ITEM 3.KEY INFORMATION

 

A.Selected Financial Data

 

The selected financial data of Emgold Mining Corporation (“Emgold” or the “Company”) for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, and 2010 was derived from the Company’s consolidated financial statements as audited by MNP LLP, Chartered Accountants for 2014, 2013. amd 2012, and MSCM LLP, Chartered Accountants for 2011 and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Chartered Accountants for the year 2010, as indicated in the audit reports included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The financial reporting represents consolidated reporting for Emgold’s 100% subsidiary companies Emgold U.S. Corporation (“Emgold U.S.”), Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation (“IMMC”), and Golden Bear Ceramics Company (“GBC”).

The selected consolidated statement of income data and the selected consolidated statement of cash flows data set forth below for the year ended December 31, 2010 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this Annual Report. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, and 2011 have been prepared in conformity with IFRS. We adopted IFRS effective as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 by applying IFRS 1: First Time Adoption of International Reporting Standards. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 were originally prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or US GAAP, and were restated in accordance with IFRS for comparative purposes only.

The selected financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011 and 2010 set forth below should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

The Company has not declared any dividends on its common shares since incorporation and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future. The present policy of the Company is to retain future earnings for use in its operations and the expansion of its business.

 

 

  7
   

 

 

Selected Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

Amount in conformity with IFRS

(Year End December 31, United States Dollars)

  2014 2013 2012 2011 2010
Total assets 1,383,981 $1,290,459 $1,677,936 $2,198,166 $2,207,283
Total liabilities 760,678 671,063 1,125,067 1,543,237 661,707
Contributed surplus 7,062,781 7,062,781 7,035,197 6,800,722 6,629,389
Share capital 43,935,360 43,687,315 43,390,203 42,817,739 41,490,268
Warrants 686,349 686,349 686,349 1,219,617 1,271,008
Deficit (51,061,187) (50,817,049) (50,558,880) (50,183,149) (47,845,089)
Equipment and mineral property interests 1,668 1,231,071 1,474,581 1,053,339 1,120,075
Shareholders’ equity (deficiency) 623,303 619,396 552,869 654,929 1,545,576
Number of outstanding common shares 77,823,462 72,587,462 66,651,462 58,714,504 38,552,444

 

No cash or other dividends have been declared on common shares.

  8
   

 

Selected Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Amount in conformity with IFRS

(Year End December 31, United States Dollars)

  2014 2013 2012 2011 2010
Revenue $          -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Investment and other income --    --    --    -- --
General and administrative expenses 242,375 508,195 704,970 1,030,920 402,596
Exploration expenses 43,601 106,529 1,187,329 1,307,140 670,491
Loss according to financial statements 244,138 258,169 (375,731) (2,338,060) (1,073,087)
Loss per share – basic and diluted (0.00) (0.00) (0.01) (0.06) (0.05)

 

 

 

B.Capitalization and Indebtedness

 

Not applicable.

 

C.Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

 

Not applicable.

 

D.Risk Factors

 

Financial Risk Factors

 

Readers should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below before deciding whether to invest in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

Emgold currently has no source of operating cash flow, a negative working capital position, and has a history of operating losses. Emgold currently has no revenue from operations and all of its mineral property interests are in the exploration or development stages. The Company does not expect to receive significant revenue from operations at any time in the near future, and Emgold has had no prior years’ history of earnings or operating cash flow. Neither Emgold nor its predecessors have paid dividends on their shares since incorporation and the Company does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.

 

Emgold has no source of revenue other than interest income and advance royalty payments. The Company has potential to generate income by advancing its exploration and development properties into production or by conducting the sale, joint venture, or other business transactions related to its properties. A mining project can typically require ten to twenty years or more between discovery, definition, development construction, and eventually operation. As a result, no production revenue is expected from any of the Company’s exploration properties for at least 4 or more years. All of Emgold’s short to medium-term operating and exploration expenses must be paid from its existing cash position or external financing. At December 31, 2014, Emgold had working capital deficiency of $727,000, compared to a working capital deficit of $627,000 at December 31, 2013. Working capital is defined as current assets less current liabilities.

 

The Company has taken significant steps to reduce operating costs since 2008. The Company is currently exploring all options that have potential to generate cash for the Company, including equity investment, sale of assets, joint ventures, mergers, or other types of business transactions. The Company cannot guarantee the success of any of these transactions.

 

Emgold may be unable to obtain the funds necessary to hold or conduct further exploration or permitting activities for its properties. Emgold has been undergoing a three phase permitting process to complete an Environmental Impact Report and to obtain a Conditional Mine Use Permit for the I-M Project, located in Grass Valley, California. On October 26, 2011, Phase 3 of the permitting process was placed on hold by the Company pending resurgence of the junior mining equity markets. On September 10, 2012, the Company’s permitting application was “deemed withdrawn” by the City due to inactivity and the Company was instructed it would have to re-file its applications when it had the funds to move forward. It is unknown if and when additional funds will be available to advance the I-M Project and the Company has stated that if necessary, the Company will drop the I-M Project to focus on other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio (see October 26, 2011, September 07, 2012, and February 1, 2013 press releases).

  9
   

 

On February 1, 2013, a Lease Option to Purchase Agreement with the BET Group for 91 acres of surface rights and 2,750 aces of mineral rights associated with the I-M Project expired. The Company has proposed to extend this Agreement on more favourable terms. Should negotiations to extend the agreement be unsuccessful, Emgold has stated it will terminate the Project and focus on the other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio (see February 1, 2013 press release).

 

In 2014, the BET Group listed the surface and mineral rights associated with the I-M Project for sale and indicated to Emgold that their preference is to sell the surface and mineral rights, as opposed to leasing them. The purchase price was listed as $2.7 million. If funding is not available to complete an acquisition or lease of the surface and mineral rights, or the surface and mineral rights are purchased by others, Emgold will terminate the I-M Project and focus on other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio.

 

On September 4, 2013, the Company announced it sold 18 acres of non-core real estate in Grass Valley for proceeds of $450,000. This decreased the number of acres of real estate owned by the Company in Grass Valley from 52 to 34 acres. Emgold has listed the 34 acres of remaining properties for sale. Should these properties be sold, Emgold will terminate the I-M Project and focus on other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio. Alternatively, if funding is raised to acquire or lease the surface and mineral rights for the I-M Project, Emgold would retain these properties.

 

In 2012, 2013, and 2014, Emgold announced a series of transactions with Rawhide Mining LLC (“RMC”) whereby RMC provided Cdn$1.0 million in equity financing to Emgold in a series of tranches (See November 14, 19, and 26, 2012 press releases; December 28, 2012 press release; January 30, 2013 press release; and July 11 and 18, 2014 press release). Part of these financings, totalling $510,000, were used to purchase the underlying property and royalty rights to 52 claims that are part of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property, NV (see July 28, 2014 press release). Upon completion of these transactions, the Buckskin Rawhide East Property was leased to RMC, who will explore the Property (see August 21, 2014 press release). The lease will include:

 

1.The Lease Term is 20 years.
2.Advance royalty payments will be $10,000 per year, paid by RMC to Emgold, with the first payment due at signing and subsequent payments due on the anniversary of the Lease Agreement.
3.During the Lease Term, RMC will make all underlying claim fees to keep the claims in good standing.
4.RMC will conduct a minimum of US$250,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 1.
5.RMC will conduct an additional minimum of US$250,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 3, for a total of US$500,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 3.
6.RMC will have the option of earning a 100% interest in the Property by bringing it into commercial production.
7.Upon bringing the Property into commercial production, RMC will make "Bonus Payments" to Emgold. Bonus Payments will be US$15 per ounce of gold when the price of gold ranges between US$1,200 per ounce and US$1,799 per ounce. If the price of gold exceeds US$1,800 per ounce, the Bonus Payment will increase to US$20 per ounce
8.After meeting its exploration requirements, should RMC subsequently elect to drop the Property or decide not to advance it, the Property will be returned to Emgold. Should Emgold subsequently advance the Property into production, RMC shall then be entitled to the same type of Bonus Payments as contemplated in 7 above.

 

In 2014, Emgold elected not to conduct additional exploration work on its Stewart and Rozan properties in B.C. The Company’s retains title for these properties until 2023 without additional exploration work.

 

Property payments for the Koegel Rawhide and Buckskin Rawhide West properties, both of which are leases, remain small at this point in time. Payments can be made in Emgold stock at this point in time, allowing them to be retained without the need for cash in the short term.

 

  10
   

Emgold presently does not have sufficient financial resources to undertake all of the Company’s plans as outlined in previous periods, and will require additional financing to complete the permitting of the I-M Project and start the engineering studies to enable the I-M Project to enter the feasibility stage of development. The Company also requires additional funds to complete exploration of its exploration of its properties, excluding Buckskin Rawhide assuming the above transactions are completed. Currently the Company is reviewing strategies for equity financings, joint ventures, mergers, or other business transactions that may be able to carry the Company through the next year of operations and into the future. The Company cannot guarantee the success of any of these transactions. The transactions, if completed, could result in dilution of the Company’s shares.

 

In spite of the current relatively high market price of gold, the market conditions in the junior mining and exploration sector are very depressed and therefore it is very difficult raising additional capital. Emgold has been successful in the past in obtaining financing through the sale of equity securities, but as an exploration stage company, it may be difficult to obtain adequate financing in the future or financings with favourable terms. If Emgold fails to obtain additional financing on a timely basis, the Company could forfeit its interest in its mineral property interests, dilute its interests in the properties and/or reduce or terminate operations. Exploration programs would have to be prioritized to fit within cash availability.

 

Changes in the market prices of gold, which have fluctuated widely, will affect our operations and can negatively impact the economic viability of the mineral properties. Emgold has no history of mining or current source of revenue. The Company is exploring for gold, and historically, the prices of the common shares of junior mining companies are very volatile. This volatility may be partly attributed to the volatility of gold prices, and also to the success or failure of the Company’s exploration programs. The market price of gold may not remain at current levels. In particular, an increase in worldwide supply and consequent downward pressure on prices may result over the longer term from increased gold production from mines developed or expanded as a result of current metal price levels.

 

The ability to raise funds for exploration and development in a venture capital company is affected by factors such as the price of gold, a factor over which the Company has no control. Annual average, high and low gold prices since 2000 are shown below, demonstrating the fluctuation in the price of gold (source: Kitco.com). Metals prices also affect the rate of return of a mining property that reaches the development stage over the longer term.

 

Gold Price

2000 to Present $US


Year
Average Price per ounce (US$) High Price per ounce (US$) Low Price per ounce (US$)
2000 279.11 312.70 263.80
2001 271.04 293.25 255.95
2002 309.73 349.30 277.75
2003 363.38 416.25 319.90
2004 409.72 454.20 375.00
2005 444.74 536.50 411.10
2006 603.46 725.00 524.75
2007 695.39 841.10 608.40
2008 871.96 1,011.25 712.50
2009 972.35 1,212.50 810.00
2010 1,224.53 1,421.00 1,058.00
2011 1,571.52 1,895.00 1,319.00
2012 1,668.98 1,791.75 1,540.00
2013 1,411.23 1,693.75 1,195.25
2014 1,266.40 1,385.00 1142.00

 

 

Fluctuations in the world markets, including the TSX Venture Exchange, can have a negative impact on the Company’s share price, can have a negative impact on the availability of capital for investment in junior mining companies, and can negatively impact the Company’s ability to raise funds. The world markets are currently being affected by a poor recovery from a major recession in the U.S., a deficit crisis in the U.S., high oil prices, political turmoil in the Middle East (Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran), political turmoil in the Ukraine, a European debt crisis, and other international economic and political factors. Over the past several years, there have been major fluctuations in the markets caused by the housing mortgage crisis in the U.S., bail out of several major banks world-wide, bail out of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae in the U.S., bail out of several major automobile manufacturers world-wide, and bail out of several countries in the world such as Greece. This has caused record deficits in several countries, including the U.S. These crises, which have occurred over a multi-year period, have affected the Company’s ability to raise capital and have negatively impacted the stocks of many junior exploration companies. It is likely there will be future turmoil in the world markets over the next several years, and this uncertainty may negatively impact the Company’s ability to raise necessary capital and advance the I-M Project or its exploration properties.

  11
   

 

Emgold may not be able to find equity investment to further fund GBC to build a recycled stone and ceramics processing facility using commercially available technology to process mine waste at the I-M Project. Emgold has developed and is planning to use commercially available technology in connection with the operation of the I-M Project to process development rock (rock mined to access the gold ore) and mine tailings (the remains of the gold ore after the gold has been removed). Permitting of the I-M Project included a 1,200 ton per day recycled stone and ceramics, processing facility, which may be the first commercial plant of its kind. This technology is being developed in Emgold’s wholly owned subsidiary, GBC. The Company is in the process of converting GBC into and independent operating entity. The Company has decided to finance GBC and its recycled stone and ceramics processing facility separately from Emgold, if possible, to allow GBC to pursue opportunities for growth on a global basis and construct a series of production plants.

 

If the Company is unable to obtain equity or some other form of financing to develop the recycled stone and ceramics processing facilities, the proposed use of such facilities at the I-M Project may be at risk. The I-M Project is not dependent on the use of a recycled stone and ceramics plant and the expected alternative would be to dispose of 100% of the mine tailings from the I-M Project as underground backfill (mine tailings used to backfill the voids created by gold and industrial mineral (aggregate) mining).

 

If suitable financing is obtained, GBC plans to complete a detailed feasibility study and basic engineering by utilizing independent consultants to design the first commercial plant. GBC will not be able to conduct further research and development or prepare marketing and feasibility studies until it has independently raised sufficient financing for that purpose.

 

Environmental and Regulatory Risk Factors

 

Emgold may be unable to obtain necessary permits for the I-M Project. IMMC had submitted applications to acquire a Conditional Mine Use Permit (“CMUP”) and other entitlements to allow the Company to dewater, explore, construct, operate, and reclaim the Idaho-Maryland Mine in Grass Valley, California. The Company had a proactive community outreach program to inform local residents and decision makers and stakeholders about the I-M Project and its benefits to the region, as well as to obtain their input and incorporate it into the project permitting. On October 26, 2011, Phase 3 of the permitting process was placed on hold by the Company pending resurgence of the junior mining equity markets. On September 10, 2012, the Company’s permitting application was “deemed withdrawn” by the City due to inactivity and the Company was instructed it would have to re-file its applications when it had the funds to move forward. Additional environmental investigations may be required as a part of the permitting process and for the future development of the surface properties for the purposes of mining and milling of ore. Currently the Company believes that the potential to obtain the permits is reasonable provided that the Company is able to maintain adequate funding through the permitting process. Obtaining or reviewing governmental permits is a complex and time-consuming process. The duration and success of efforts to obtain and renew permits are contingent upon variables not within the Company’s control. Delays or failure to obtain the CMUP, or the expiry, revocation or failure by us to comply with the terms of any such permits we have obtained would adversely affect our business.

 

Compliance with environmental regulations could affect future profitability and timeliness of operations. The current and anticipated future operations of the Company, including development activities and commencement of production on its properties, require operating permits from various federal, state, and local governmental authorities. Companies engaged in the development and operation of mines and related facilities generally experience increased costs, and delays in production and other schedules as a result of the need to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permits as well as the effects of inflation and the availability of mining specific goods and services.

 

The Company’s exploration activities and its potential mining and processing operations are subject to various laws governing land, air and water use, the protection of the environment, prospecting, development, production, commodity prices, exports, taxes, labour standards, occupational safety and health, waste disposal, toxic substances, mine safety and other matters. Emgold believes it is in substantial compliance with all material laws and regulations which currently apply to its activities. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain all permits required for exploration, development and construction of mining facilities and conduct of mining operations on reasonable terms or that new legislation or modifications to existing legislation, would not have an adverse effect on any exploration or mining project which the Company might undertake.

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Readers are cautioned that the CMUP is required in order to dewater the existing mine workings at the I-M Project and to construct a decline to conduct underground exploration and complete feasibility work. A production decision must be made before the mine can go into production.

The I-M Project could have “growth inducing impacts” in Grass Valley, CA. The Company will need to address those impacts associated with growth due to industrial development proximate to an urban center. The Company believes that it has defined and disclosed the extent of and can mitigate the potential impacts in all of these areas in ways satisfactory to all of its stakeholders. Where required and agreed, local jurisdictions may receive direct compensation for the cost of improving roadway intersections and expanding services to accommodate potential increased demands on social services and local infrastructure.

The I-M Project contains areas that have been impacted by historic mining activities and clean up of historic tailings will be required. The Company has historically leased this Property and is not conducting any mining operations; therefore no reclamation liability has been accrued. As part of the CMUP process, the Company has completed test work to characterize the historic tailings and will be entering into agreements with the California Department of Toxic Substance Control who will be the Lead Agency overseeing the cleanup of historic tailings on site. The Company worked with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board and has remediated the location where two historic fuel tanks were removed by the previous owners of the land. Costs for cleanup and short and long term liabilities for cleanup of the site are being addressed with State and local agencies. Should the economics of site cleanup of historic mine tailings on site become prohibitive, the Company could elect not to complete the purchase of this Property and discontinue the project. However, information available at this time indicates that cleanup of the site can be completed in a reasonable and economic fashion, and this cleanup will be a benefit to the local community in the long term.

California is in the process of implementing a number of rules related to air quality and greenhouse gas emissions through the California Air Resources Board under the California Global Warming Solutions Act (AB32). These regulations include cap-and-trade legislation that is being designed to reduce California’s green house gas emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020 and ultimately achieve an 80% reduction in green house gas emissions from 1990 levels by the year 2050. The cap and trade program started on January 1, 2012 with an enforceable compliance obligation beginning with 2013 green house gas emissions. The legislation is being developed on an ongoing basis and is constantly being modified and amended. While this new legislation is being addressed as part of the permitting process for the I-M Project, it is unknown how this legislation will impact operating and capital costs of the project and such impacts, as a worst case, could result in the I-M Project not being economically viable. It is expected that as part of the CMUP process, IMMC will be required to mitigate any air quality impacts that may result from the I-M Project. The scope and cost of these mitigations are unknown at this time.

Specific to U.S. properties, costs involved in complying with various government environmental regulations vary by operation and regulatory jurisdiction. Typically, surface sampling does not require any permits. Agency review and approval for exploration drilling and access construction can vary from several hundred dollars to several thousands of dollars, depending upon the level of activity. Permitting and environmental compliance costs vary, depending upon the level of activities proposed and the sensitivity of the areas where mineral activities are proposed.

In addition, certain types of operations related to the opening and operation of the mine will require the submission and approval of environmental impact assessments. Environmental assessments of proposed projects carry a heightened degree of responsibility for companies and directors, officers and employees. The cost of compliance with changes in governmental regulations has a potential to reduce or eliminate the profitability of operations. For example, if the Company is unable to obtain required permits, and the reasons that the permits cannot be obtained are deemed to be financially insurmountable, the development of the I-M Project would be curtailed, and operations in Grass Valley, California would cease.

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On the Federal, State or Provincial or County level, regulations deal with environmental quality and impacts upon air, water, soils, vegetation and wildlife, as well as historical and cultural resources. Approval must be received from the applicable departments before exploration can begin, and will also involve ongoing monitoring of operations. For the I-M Project, the City acts as the Lead Agency and is responsible for representing other regulatory agencies during the permitting process. If operations result in negative effects upon the environment, government agencies will usually require the Company to carry out remedial actions to correct the negative effects.

Information about the I-M Project is distributed at community events. Issues of concern to the community are addressed and communicated to all interested parties at public workshops and meetings, community events as well as through local news media, direct mail-outs, circulars and brochures. A website, devoted to the I-M Project, www.idaho-maryland.com, operated during the permitting process, provided general I-M Project information, permitting documentation and addresses community concerns regarding the expected impact of dewatering existing mine workings, underground development, exploration and the possible operation of a mine on the community and the environment.

The Company may be required to post reclamation bonding in California to ensure that areas will be reclaimed after exploration. Reclamation bonds are also required in British Columbia, and have all been posted. The exploration activity in British Columbia to date has been limited to drilling, and as such, the reclamation bonds posted are nominal. If exploration activity is carried out on the Buckskin Rawhide Project in Nevada, a reclamation bond will also be required for any such work.

Failure to comply with environmental and reclamation rules could result in penalties. Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in enforcement actions, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment or remedial actions. Parties engaged in mining operations may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the mining activities and may have civil or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violation of applicable laws or regulations. Environmental legislation provides for restrictions and prohibitions on spills, releases or emissions of various substances produced in association with certain mining industry operations, such as seepage from tailings disposal areas, which would result in environmental pollution. A breach of such legislation may result in the imposition of fines and penalties. At present, the Company has estimated that no funds are required for reclamation at the I-M Project, as reclamation related to a drilling program is normally defined in the drilling permit and completed at the end of the program. The Company is not conducting any mining operations; therefore, no reclamation liability has been accrued. To date, Emgold has been successful in obtaining all permits that it has applied for and believes it has a good working relationship with local regulators. The Company and its employees have been engaged in the exploration and development of mineral properties for many years. Currently, the operations of the Company have been limited to exploration and permitting. To date, no mining activity has yet been undertaken by the Company.

 

Risk Factors Associated with Mining and Exploration

 

Emgold’s exploration and development efforts may be unsuccessful in locating viable mineral resources. Resource exploration and development is a speculative business, characterized by a number of significant risks, including, among other things, unprofitable efforts resulting not only from the failure to discover mineral deposits but also from finding mineral deposits, which, though present, are insufficient in quantity and quality to return a profit from production.

 

There is no certainty that the expenditures to be made by the Company on the exploration of its properties and prospects as described herein, in particular, the I-M Project, will result in discoveries of mineralized material in commercial quantities.

 

Emgold may not be able to market the minerals acquired or discovered by the Company due to factors beyond the control of the Company. The marketability of minerals acquired or discovered by the Company may be affected by numerous factors which are beyond the control of the Company and which cannot be accurately predicted, such as market fluctuations, the proximity and capacity of milling facilities, mineral markets and processing equipment, and such other factors as government regulations, including regulations relating to royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection, the combination of which factors may result in the Company not receiving an adequate return on investment capital.

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Other Risk Factors

 

Emgold’s title to mineral property interests may be challenged. Although Emgold has completed a review of titles to its mineral interests and has had two title opinions prepared on the I-M Project, it has not obtained title insurance or any formal legal opinion with respect to all of its properties and there is no guarantee of title. The mineral properties may be subject to prior unregistered agreements or transfers or native land claims, and title may be affected by undetected defects. Emgold’s mineral property interests include mineral claims in British Columbia and Nevada, which have not been surveyed, and therefore, the precise area and location of such claims or rights may be in doubt. As there are unresolved native land claim issues in British Columbia, the Company’s properties and prospects in this jurisdiction may be affected in the future.

 

Currency fluctuations between the United States dollar and the Canadian dollar may affect Emgold’s financial position and results. Many of Emgold’s principal financial obligations are in United States dollars, which make it subject to foreign currency fluctuation and such fluctuations may materially affect its financial position and results. In fiscal 2013, the Company received $285,000 in gross proceeds from the issuance of common shares in private placement and from the exercise of warrants. The Company’s consolidated financial statements are reported in United States dollars and the functional currency of the Company is United States dollars.

 

We may not be able to insure certain risks which could negatively impact our operating results. In the course of exploration, development and production of mineral properties, certain risks, and in particular, unexpected or unusual geological and operating conditions including rock bursts, unusual or unexpected formations, formation pressures, cave-ins, land-slides, fires, explosions, flooding and earthquakes, power outages, labour disruptions, and the inability to obtain suitable or adequate machinery, equipment or labour may occur. It is not always possible to fully insure against such risks and the Company may decide not to take out insurance against such risks as a result of high premiums or other reasons. Should such liabilities arise, they could reduce or eliminate any future profitability and result in increasing costs and a decline in the value of the securities of the Company.

 

U.S. investors may not be able to enforce their civil liabilities against the Company or its directors, controlling persons and officers. It may be difficult to bring and enforce suits against the Company. The Company is a corporation incorporated in British Columbia under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) and, consequently, there is a risk that Canadian courts may not enforce judgements of U.S. courts or enforce, in an original action, liabilities predicated directly upon U.S. federal securities laws. A majority of the Company’s directors and officers are residents of Canada and a substantial portion of the Company’s assets are located outside of the United States. Consequently, it may be difficult for United States investors to effect service of process upon those directors or officers who are not residents of the United States, or to realize in the United States upon judgements of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities under United States securities laws. It is unlikely that an original action could be brought successfully in Canada against any of such persons or the Company predicated solely upon such civil liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act.

 

Emgold’s directors and officers serve as directors and officers of other publicly traded junior resource companies. Some of the directors and officers of Emgold serve as officers and/or directors of other resource exploration companies and are engaged and will continue to be engaged in the search for additional resource opportunities on their own behalf and on behalf of other companies, and situations may arise where these directors and officers will be in direct competition with Emgold. Such potential conflicts, if any, will be dealt with in accordance with the relevant provisions of British Columbia corporate and common law. In order to avoid the possible conflict of interest which may arise between the directors’ duties to Emgold and their duties to the other companies on whose boards they serve, the directors and officers of Emgold expect that participation in exploration prospects offered to the directors will be allocated among or between the various companies that they serve on the basis of prudent business judgement and the relative financial abilities and needs of such companies.

 

Emgold is dependent on its ability to recruit and retain key personnel. Emgold has relied on and may continue to rely upon consultants and others for exploration, development and technical expertise. The Company strongly depends on the business and technical expertise of its management and key personnel. As the Company’s operations expand additional general management and human resources will be required. It may be difficult for Emgold to continue to find and retain the services of qualified personnel.

 

Risks associated with the commercialization of the stone and ceramics products. Emgold’s management and consultants have identified possible areas of risk concerning the commercialization of the recycled stone and ceramic building materials to be produced from mine development rock and tailings from the I-M Project or other similar operations. It will be necessary to address the remediation of these risks during the marketing and feasibility phases of the process and product development. Risks that may apply to the commercialization of the recycled stone and ceramics products include developing distribution networks, defining markets, and sales prices for the products. The capital and operating costs for a production plant will need to be determined as part of the feasibility process.

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Risks Relating to an Investment in the Securities of the Company

 

The Company could be deemed a Passive Foreign Investment Company, which could have negative consequences for U.S. investors. Potential investors who are U.S. taxpayers should be aware that Emgold expects to be a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for the current fiscal year, appears to have been a PFIC in prior years and may also be a PFIC in subsequent years. If Emgold is a PFIC for any year during a U.S. taxpayer’s holding period, then such U.S. taxpayer generally will be required to treat any so-called “excess distribution” received on its common shares, or any gain realized upon a disposition of common shares, as ordinary income and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such distribution or gain, unless the taxpayer makes a qualified electing fund (“QEF”) election or a mark-to-market election with respect to the shares of Emgold. In certain circumstances, the sum of the tax and the interest charge may exceed the amount of the excess distribution received, or the amount of proceeds of disposition realized, by the taxpayer. A U.S. taxpayer who makes a QEF election generally must report on a current basis its share of Emgold’s net capital gain and ordinary earnings for any year in which Emgold is a PFIC, whether or not Emgold distributes any amounts to its shareholders. A U.S. taxpayer who makes the mark-to-market election generally must include as ordinary income each year the excess of the fair market value of the common shares over the taxpayer’s tax basis therein. U.S. taxpayers are advised to seek the counsel of their professional tax advisors.

 

The liquidity of our shares in the United States markets may be limited or more difficult to effectuate because we are a “Penny Stock” issuer. Emgold’s stock may be subject to U.S. “Penny Stock” rules, which may make the stock more difficult for U.S. shareholders to trade on the open market. The SEC has adopted rules that regulate broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in “penny” stocks. Penny stocks are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 per share (other than securities that meet certain requirements, including, for example, securities registered on certain national securities exchanges provided that current prices and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system).

 

The Penny Stock Rules require a broker-dealer, prior to effecting a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from such rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document prepared by the SEC that provides information about penny stocks and the nature and level of risks in the penny stock market. In addition, the Penny Stock Rules require that prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from such rules the broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written acknowledgment of the receipt of a risk disclosure statement, a written agreement to transactions involving penny stocks, and a signed and dated copy of a written suitability statement. At the present market prices, Emgold’s common shares will (and in the foreseeable future are expected to continue to) fall within the definition of a penny stock. Accordingly, United States broker-dealers trading in Emgold’s shares will be subject to the Penny Stock Rules. Rather than complying with those rules, some broker-dealers may refuse to attempt to sell penny stock. As a result, shareholders and their broker-dealers in the United States may find it more difficult to sell their shares of Emgold, if a market for the shares should develop in the United States.

 

Emgold’s stock price may limit its ability to raise additional capital by issuing common shares. The low price of Emgold’s common stock also limits Emgold’s ability to raise additional capital by issuing additional shares. There are several reasons for these effects. First, the internal policies of certain institutional investors prohibit the purchase of low-priced stocks. Second, many brokerage houses do not permit low-priced stocks to be used as collateral for margin accounts or to be purchased on margin. Third, some brokerage house policies and practices tend to discourage individual brokers from dealing in low-priced stocks. Finally, broker’s commissions on low-priced stocks usually represent a higher percentage of the stock price than commissions on higher priced stocks. As a result, Emgold’s shareholders pay transaction costs that are a higher percentage of their total share value than if Emgold’s share price were substantially higher.

 

The market for the Company’s stock has been subject to volume and price volatility, which could negatively affect a shareholder’s ability to buy or sell the Company’s shares. The market for the common shares of the Company may be highly volatile for reasons both related to the performance of the Company or events pertaining to the industry as well as factors unrelated to the Company or its industry.

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In 2007 and continuing, the U.S. credit markets began to experience serious disruption due to a deterioration in residential property values, defaults and delinquencies in the residential mortgage market (particularly, sub-prime and non-prime mortgages) and a decline in the credit quality of mortgage backed securities. These problems led to a slow-down in residential housing market transactions, declining housing prices, delinquencies in non-mortgage consumer credit and a general decline in consumer confidence. These conditions have continued, causing a loss of confidence in the broader U.S. and global credit and financial markets and resulting in the collapse of, and government intervention in, major banks, financial institutions and insurers and creating a climate of greater volatility, less liquidity, widening of credit spreads, a lack of price transparency, increased credit losses and tighter credit conditions. Notwithstanding various actions by the U.S. and foreign governments, concerns about the general condition of the capital markets, financial instruments, banks, investment banks, insurers and other financial institutions caused the broader credit markets to further deteriorate and venture stock markets to decline substantially. In addition, general economic indicators can affect the markets including declining consumer sentiment, increased unemployment and declining economic growth and uncertainty about corporate earnings. Economic factors in Europe, Asia and elsewhere around the world may cause further deterioration in economic indicators. Potential exists for interest rate increases as the U.S. deficit grows, which may further slow economic recovery.

 

These unprecedented disruptions in the current credit and financial markets have had a significant material adverse impact on a number of financial institutions and have limited access to capital and credit for many companies. These disruptions could, among other things, make it more difficult for us to obtain, or increase our cost of obtaining, capital and financing for our operations. The Company’s access to additional capital may not be available on terms acceptable to it or at all.

 

The Company’s share price is subject to reductions and downward pressures from significant potential equity dilution. A summary of Emgold’s diluted share capital is as follows: Emgold has 6,966,665 stock options outstanding (at December 31, 2014), which are exercisable at prices ranging from Cdn$0.10 to Cdn$0.25 per share which is above the current market price for the Company’s shares and makes it unlikely that the options will be exercised before expiry and acts as an upside damper on the trading range of Emgold’s shares. At December 31, 2014, there were 8,163,575 warrants exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $0.19. The resale of outstanding shares from the exercise of dilutive securities would have a depressing effect on the market for Emgold’s shares if there is a significant increase in the Company’s share price. Dilutive securities, based on the trading range of Emgold’s common shares, at December 31, 2014, include the 8,163,575 warrants and underlying warrants, and the 6,966,665 stock options above, which collectively represent approximately 19% (2013 - 21%) of Emgold’s issued shares as at December 31, 2014.

 

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

 

A.History and Development of the Company

 

Emgold Mining Corporation (“Emgold” or the “Company”) was originally incorporated under the Company Act (British Columbia) as 361869 BC Ltd. on March 17, 1989. The Company’s name was changed to HLX Resources Ltd. (“HLX”) on July 19, 1989. On August 31, 1989, HLX was amalgamated with four mineral exploration companies - Eastern Mines Ltd. (incorporated March 10, 1980), Gallant Gold Mines Ltd. (incorporated January 18, 1979), Silver Sceptre Mines Ltd. (incorporated March 10, 1980) and Standard Gold Mines Ltd. (incorporated February 6, 1980). Eastern Mines Ltd., Silver Sceptre Mines Ltd. and Standard Gold Mines Ltd. originally had exploration properties in the Terrace Bay area of Ontario. Gallant Gold Mines Ltd. originally had exploration properties in the Rossland-Trail area of British Columbia. After the amalgamation, the resulting company continued to be named HLX Resources Ltd.

 

On March 30, 1992, HLX changed its name to Emperor Gold Corporation at which time a special resolution of the shareholders was passed to consolidate the common shares on a five old for one new common share basis and to increase the authorized share capital from 10,000,000 common shares without par value and 50,000,000 first preference shares without par value, to 50,000,000 common shares without par value and 50,000,000 first preference shares without par value. The Company’s memorandum and articles were amended to reflect this change. On August 12, 1997, the Company’s memorandum and articles were again amended as the Company changed its name to Emgold Mining Corporation. The name was changed due to the fact that there was an unrelated mining company with a very similar name to the Company, with offices in Vancouver, British Columbia.

 

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In fiscal 2002, the Company’s share capital was increased from 100,000,000 to 550,000,000 shares without par value, divided into 500,000,000 Common Shares without par value and 50,000,000 First Preference Shares without par value, each share having attached thereto the special rights and restrictions set out in the Articles of the Company. The Company was continued under the Business Corporations Act in British Columbia in June 2005, and the authorized share capital of the Company was changed to an unlimited number of common shares without par value and an unlimited number of first preference shares.

 

The Company is in the business of acquiring, exploring, and developing mineral properties. For the past three completed financial years, and since 1993, the Company has been principally engaged in permitting and developing the I-M Project located near the City of Grass Valley (the “City”) in Nevada County, California, U.S.A. The Company originally acquired the rights to the I-M Project in August 1993. Over the next five years, significant expenditures were made on the I-M Project. An Environmental Impact Report was successfully completed to dewater and explore the Idaho-Maryland Mine and a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System Permit obtained. However, in the late 1990’s, with a decreasing gold price, it became impossible to raise capital to continue with the exploration the I-M Project. Gold prices continued to drop and the Company wrote-down the Property for a nominal carrying value of $1 in 1999. The lease option to purchase agreement on the I-M surface property and mineral rights with the BET Group was eventually dropped. Permits to dewater the mine were cancelled or expired.

 

Emgold remained interested in the I-M Project and continued to pursue various financing alternatives. In fiscal 2002, the Company renegotiated the terms and conditions of a lease option to purchase agreement with the BET Group for certain property and mineral rights in Grass Valley. Details of expenditures relating to the Idaho-Maryland surface properties and mineral rights are included in Item 4 under “Property, Plant and Equipment” and “Idaho-Maryland Project – History of the Property”. Emgold incorporated a 100 percent owned Nevada Corporation subsidiary company, the Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation (the “IMMC”), to hold and develop the I-M Project. Activities and expenditures related to the I-M Project are completed through this subsidiary.

 

In 2003, Emgold acquired the licensing rights to a ceramics technology and changed the name of its second 100 percent owned Nevada Corporation subsidiary company, then called Holly Corporation, to Golden Bear Ceramics Company (“GBC”). Emgold recognized the potential application of the hot vacuum extrusion technology for the I-M Project (to eliminate the requirement for surface tailings and waste rock disposal) and as a business opportunity for processing a wide range of mineral waste materials to produce high quality recycled stone and ceramic building materials on a global basis. Emgold initiated work to commercialize the technology and to set up a research and development facility in Grass Valley, CA. GBC has since determined that it will be able to produce high quality stone and ceramic building materials from mine development rock and tailings from the I-M Project or other similar operations by using equipment and technology available in the commercial market place. GBC will need to find markets for its stone and ceramics products and construct a facility to produce such products from a wide variety of siliceous waste materials and raw materials, including mine tailings, fly ash and other waste materials, that would otherwise be disposed of in landfills, into high-strength, low-porosity, industrial stone and ceramic building products such as, floor tile, roof tile, brick, construction materials and other industrial and commercial products. Emgold is now planning to use commercially available technology not proprietary to Ceramext, LLC in connection with the operation of the I-M Project, and the licensing agreement with Ceramext, LLC has been terminated.

 

In 2005, Emgold commenced permitting of the I-M Project with acceptance of its Permit Applications by the City of Grass Valley, Nevada County, California (the “City”). The I-M Project is being permitted according to the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”), the California Surface Mining and Reclamation Act (“SMARA”), and other applicable federal, state, and local legislation. The City has been designated to be the Lead Agency in the permitting process. The City commenced work to complete the permitting process for the Project, which was divided into three phases: Phase 1 is the Master Environmental Assessment, Phase 2 is the Initial Study and Phase 3 is the Environmental Impact Report. The City will then need to approve a Conditional Use Permit for the I-M Project. To date, Phase 1 and 2 have been completed.

 

Emgold also has additional mineral properties: the Rozan Property in B.C. (fully vested), the Stewart Property in B.C. (fully vested), the Buckskin-Rawhide East Property in Nevada (fully vested), the Buckskin Rawhide West Property in Nevada (under option), and the Koegel Rawhide Property in Nevada (under option). All the Canadian properties are located in the Nelson mining district north of Ymir in south-eastern British Columbia, Canada. Nevada properties are in the Rawhide mining district near Fallon, Nevada. The I-M Project is in the Grass Valley mining district in Grass Valley, CA.

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B.Business Overview

 

General

 

(i)Nature of Company: Emgold has historically been a mineral exploration company. The Company plans to permit and ultimately re-open the historic Idaho-Maryland Mine, located in Grass Valley, California. The Idaho-Maryland Mine was the second largest underground gold mine in California, producing 2.4 million ounces of gold between 1862 and 1956. The I-M Project is adjacent to the historic Empire Mine, which was the first mine operated by Newmont Mining Corporation. The Empire Mine produced 5.8 million ounces of gold from 1850 to 1956, and was the largest gold mine in California. The Grass Valley District produced over 17 million ounces of gold. Emgold believes the I-M Project to be one of the largest underground gold exploration targets in North America with potential to become a significant high grade producing mine. Plans are to construct a 2,400 ton per day underground gold mine and gold processing facility, and establish Emgold as a mid-tier producing company.

 

Emgold also has two early-stage mineral exploration projects in British Columbia that contain gold, silver, molybdenum, tungsten, and other mineralization. These properties have been drilled by a number of companies over the years, with further work being completed by Emgold since their acquisition.

 

The company has an early stage gold and silver exploration project called the Buckskin-Rawhide East Property in Nevada where it controls 100% of 6 the unpatented claims The Property has been leased to RMC who plan to conduct exploration and, if exploration is successful, potentially bring any resources discovered into commercial production at the Denton Rawhide Mine.

 

Emgold also has two additional early stage exploration projects in Nevada called Buckskin Rawhide East and Koegel Rawhide. To date, Emgold has done limited exploration on these properties.

 

For several years, Emgold, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, GBC, has been developing a process to convert mineral wastes and other siliceous materials to stone and ceramic building products. Emgold originally intended to apply this process as a method to deal with development rock and mine tailings from the I-M Project and to eliminate the need for surface tailings impoundments and waste dumps associated with a traditional gold mine. Emgold successfully developed the process to a pilot plant stage using commercially available equipment. Since that time, the Company has determined that the use of commercially available equipment will enable GBC to readily manufacture 100 percent recycled “green” stone and ceramic building products from mineral wastes. Emgold is currently seeking funding to finance GBC, to allow it to expand independently of the I-M Project.

 

(ii)Principal Markets: Not Applicable.

 

(iii)Seasonality: Not Applicable.

 

(iv)Raw Materials: Not Applicable.

 

(v)Marketing Channels: Not Applicable.

 

(vi)Dependence: Not Applicable.

 

(vii)Competitive Position: Not Applicable.

 

(viii)Material Effect of Government Regulation: The Company’s exploration activities and its potential mining and processing operations are subject to various laws governing land use, the protection of the environment, prospecting, development, production, contractor availability, commodity prices, exports, taxes, labour standards, occupational safety and health, waste disposal, toxic substances, mine safety and other matters. The Company believes it is in substantial compliance with all material laws and regulations that currently apply to its activities. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain all permits required for exploration, any future development and construction of mining facilities and conduct of mining operations on reasonable terms or that new legislation or modifications to existing legislation would not have an adverse effect on any exploration or mining project which the Company might undertake.
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Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation

 

The Company is seeking to reopen the historical Idaho-Maryland Mine (also referred to in this Annual Report as “I-M Project”, or the “Idaho-Maryland”), in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Readers are cautioned that a Conditional Mine Use Permit (“CMUP”) is required in order to remove water from the existing mine workings at the I-M Project and to conduct underground exploration and complete a feasibility study.

 

The Company formally applied to the City of Grass Valley (“City”) for the CMUP on February 9, 2005, and the Project Applications were received as substantially complete on May 24, 2005. Following this, the City completed Phase 1 of the permitting process to obtain the CMUP with included completion of a Master Environmental Assessment (“MEA”) in June 2006. Phase 2 was the Notice of Preparation and Initial Study (“NOP” and “IS”), which was completed on January 8, 2008. The Company then made modifications and clarifications and completed a 2007 Revised Project Applications, which was accepted by the City in May 2007.

 

Phase 3, the preparation of an Environmental Impact Report (“EIR”), was commenced by the City in June 2008. A Draft EIR was completed in October, 2008. The public hearings related to the Draft EIR were completed in January 2009. The Draft EIR was positive, with air quality identified as the only concern that could not be successfully mitigated due to the fact that Nevada County is a non-attainment area for ozone related gases due to ozone blowing into the Sierra Foothills from the Bay and Sacramento area several days during the year. The Company’s internal review of the Draft EIR concluded that the City and its consultants had failed to analyze the clean up of historic tailings on the Idaho-Maryland site and this failure would require a revised Draft EIR and recirculation for public comment. After meeting with various public agencies in the first half of 2009 and knowing that re-circulation would be required, the Company elected to make several improvements to the I-M Project based on its internal review of the Draft EIR and analysis of public comment.

 

The Company’s 2011 Revised Project Application was accepted by the City in May 2011. The City then completed a competitive bid process in November 2011 and elected to retain a new consultant to complete the EIR process. With a budget, scope, and schedule now available to complete Phase 3 of the permitting process, the Company requested 90 days to complete financing activities to allow it to move forward with the permitting process. The Company indicated it might take longer than 90 days to complete financing, given the poor equity markets. At the end of the 90 days, the Company updated the City, explaining the continuing poor equity markets, and asked for another 90 days to obtain financing. The City elected to give the Company 180 days, or until September 10, 2012 or the Company’s applications would be “deemed withdrawn” and would have to be resubmitted when the Company had sufficient funds in place. On September 7, 2012, with worsening equity markets, the Company put out a press release and notified the City that the applications would be deemed withdrawn.

Once funding is available and the Company resubmits its Project Application, it is expected a Revised Draft EIR will be completed, with public comment, followed by completion of the Final EIR. The Final EIR is expected to take approximately 12 to 18 months from commencement of the work. Emgold is currently attempting to raise funds to allow the permitting process to move forward. The Company estimates the budget to be $2.5 million to complete the CMUP process, excluding corporate overhead costs.

 

The Company has had a mining lease and option to purchase agreement (the “BET Agreement”) for the I-M Project that was originally signed in 2003 and had a five-year term. The BET Agreement covers the lease and purchase of approximately 2,750 acres of mineral rights and 91 acres of surface rights associated with the Idaho-Maryland Project. Emgold owns certain other mineral and surface rights associated with the Project. The BET Agreement has been extended three times to date, with the last extension from February 1, 2011, for an additional two years to February 1, 2013. Lease payments during the extension period were $30,000 per quarter. The Company has the ability to exercise the purchase option of the BET Agreement at any time while the option agreement remains in good standing. At December 31, 2012, the Company was in compliance with all the terms of the BET Agreement. However, on February 1, 2013, the BET Agreement expired as announced by press release dated 01 February, 2013. The Company is currently in negotiations to extend the BET Agreement. The success or failure of these negotiations is unknown at this time. Emgold has stated that if negotiations are unsuccessful, it will drop the I-M Project to focus on other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio.

 

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Under a previous lease agreement extension, Emgold was to make quarterly option payments of $30,000 beginning on February 1, 2009, until January 31, 2010. For the period from February 1, 2010, to January 31, 2011, the quarterly option payments were to increase to $60,000 per quarter. The BET Group agreed to defer 50 percent of the quarterly lease payment for 2010, amounting to $30,000 per quarter. The amount of the deferral, totaling $120,000, was added to the purchase price of the property and mineral rights, the first installment of which was to become due on February 1, 2013 under the third lease extension, in the event that the Company exercises its option to purchase the I-M Property. The deferral of $120,000 was subject to interest calculated at 5.25% compounded annually. In 2013, this lease agreement expired as did the requirement to pay the deferred quarterly payment because the option to purchase was not exercised.

 

There is no guarantee that the City of Grass Valley will approve the project or that other agencies will approve the permits necessary to operate.  However, two gold mines (the Mesquite Mine operated by New Gold Inc. and the Briggs Mine operated by ATNA Resources Ltd.) have recently returned to operation in California. Sutter Gold Mining Inc. has obtained permits to operate the Sutter Gold Mine and Golden Queen Mining Company Ltd is in the process of obtaining permits to open the Soledad Mountain Project in California.

 

An EIR for the Idaho-Maryland Project was previously completed in 1995 to dewater and explore the mine with Nevada County as the Lead Agency.  Emgold believes there is no technical reason to prevent the mine from being permitted and the risk is the political uncertainty of permitting in the United States and the State of California with constantly evolving regulations at all levels of government that may impact the permitting requirements at some future date. In particular, potential legislation from the California Air Resources Board and the Federal EPA related to carbon emissions and potential cap and trade rules may have an effect on mining operations in the United States.

 

Information about the I-M Project is distributed at community events. Issues of concern to the community are addressed and communicated to all interested parties at public workshops and meetings and community events as well as through local news media, direct mail-outs, circulars and brochures. A website devoted to the I-M Project, www.idaho-maryland.com, provides general I-M Project information and permitting documentation and addresses community concerns regarding the expected impact of dewatering existing mine workings, underground development, exploration and the possible operation of a mine on the community and the environment. The Company has participated in public workshops held during the preparation of the draft EIR.

 

In addition to its interest under the BET Agreement, IMMC owns 28 acres of the former sawmill site adjacent to the one of the surface property owned by the BET outlined above, and the two properties encompass the 85 acres known as the Idaho-Maryland site. The company also owned 7 acres known as the Round Hole site. IMMC also owns the subsurface mineral rights of 70% of the Dana-Christopher Columbus patented mining claims and 100% of the Golden Gate West and Golden Gate East subsurface patented mining claims, totalling about 30 acres. These mineral rights are contiguous, are considered part of the I-M Project, and consist of only subsurface mineral rights.

 

The Idaho-Maryland site has sufficient surface rights to construct a portal and shaft for underground access, gold milling and recycled stone and ceramic manufacturing facilities, aggregate crushing and screening plant, maintenance facilities, tile storage areas, a Mining Education Center and an administrative site. The New Brunswick site will be primarily used for dewatering the mine. The Company’s plan is to use the Round Hole Shaft as a ventilation shaft and emergency access way for the I-M Project during operations.

 

The existing mine workings are currently flooded with approximately 2,500 acre-feet of ground water, or approximately 500 million gallons of water. In order to conduct underground exploration, the mine workings must be pumped out or “dewatered”. The Company anticipates pumping water to surface up to a maximum rate of 12 acre-feet per day for approximately 9 to 12 months to complete the dewatering, if the pumping is conducted 24 hours a day and depending on the local precipitation and the water flow in the receiving waterway. The water will be transferred via pipeline to the Idaho-Maryland site, treated, and pumped into the adjoining Wolf Creek. The timeframe will lengthen accordingly if pumping is not constant over the 24-hour period.

 

The Company may consider mining and toll milling of gold ore should sufficient gold bearing ore be mined during the initial stages of underground exploration and development. A positive feasibility study may need to be completed and a production decision must be made before the mine can go into production. The outcome of this feasibility work and receipt of the CMUP will have a direct impact on the ability of the Company to put the I-M Project into production.

 

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The long-term development plan for the I-M Project includes underground exploration to define further resources possibly leading to staged construction and operation of up to a 2,400 Short Tons Per Day (“STPD”) underground gold mine and mill, a 1,200 STPD manufacturing plant for recycled stone and ceramic building materials, as well as a 365 STPH aggregate crushing and screening plant. The recycled stone and ceramics plant would be designed to process development rock and gold mine tailings as feedstock to produce high-quality recycled stone and ceramic building materials, to reduce the effective cost of gold production and to mitigate the environmental impact of the proposed mining operations. The aggregate crushing and screening plant would be used to process development rock to make a series of aggregate products for sale into the local and regional market.

 

Golden Bear Ceramics Company

 

Emgold, through GBC, has developed a recycling technology because of its potential to provide a tailings management strategy for the I-M Project while contributing a significant revenue stream to the mine. The Company believes there is also a global business opportunity to process a wide range of siliceous waste and naturally occurring materials and to produce high quality stone and ceramic building materials. The recycled stone and ceramics technology has been demonstrated on a laboratory and pilot plant basis. It has been possible to perform forming operations on a wide variety of silicate materials at elevated temperatures. Stone and ceramic materials of high quality, strength, and very low porosity have been produced. The process production volume has not yet been scaled up and therefore cannot be considered commercialized. The Company has determined that the use of commercially available equipment should enable GBC to readily manufacture 100 percent recycled “green” stone and ceramic building products from mineral wastes. These materials will qualify for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (“LEED”) credits.

 

The Company is continuing to seek capital investment to commercialize its products. If the Company were able to obtain investment to develop GGC, additional marketing studies, a feasibility study, and basic engineering would need to be completed independently of the mining operations. It is anticipated that these studies could be completed within 12 to 14 months from financing.

 

C.Organizational Structure

 

The Company has three direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation (formerly Emperor Gold (U.S.) Corp.), Golden Bear Ceramics Company (formerly Holly Corporation (U.S.)) and Emgold (U.S.) Corporation (“Emgold US”), all incorporated in the State of Nevada. Unless the context otherwise requires, references herein to the “Company” or “Emgold” include the subsidiaries of the Company. Emgold U.S. holds the Golden Bear subsidiary.

 

D.Property, Plant and Equipment

 

The Company has mineral exploration interests in six properties: the I-M Project (California), the Stewart Property (British Columbia), the Rozan Property (British Columbia), the Buckskin-Rawhide East Property (Nevada), the Buckskin Rawhide West Property (Nevada), and the Koegel Rawhide Property (Nevada). The Company’s principal Property is the I-M Project, which is comprised of three separate areas: the Idaho-Maryland, New Brunswick and Round Hole sites.

 

In 2004, the Company entered into a joint venture with a private, non-related company to acquire approximately 45 acres, locally called the Lausman Property adjacent to other properties under option by the Company in Grass Valley, California. The Company’s share of the purchase price was $542,500, plus legal costs. The Lausman Property was initially acquired to complement the I-M Project, as the combined 102 acre site would be suitable for mining, milling and ceramic manufacturing facilities. The Company and its arm’s-length partner have since terminated the joint venture, and the Company’s portion of the title has been transferred to the Company’s name. The land is expected to be used for buildings that may be needed for construction of mining operations including storage areas, access for vehicular traffic and to provide buffer zones to isolate the mine from adjacent properties. Development of the site is subject to review and approval of the City.

 

In 2009, the Company acquired 7.13 acres of land, locally called the Round Hole Property, in Grass Valley, California. The Round Hole Property contains a historic five foot diameter shaft that was historically part of the Idaho-Maryland Mine workings. The Company plans to utilize this shaft as a ventilation shaft and escape way as part of the Idaho-Maryland Project development. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company issued 280,823 (post-consolidation) common shares to the seller for the purchase of the Round Hole Property at a deemed market price of Cdn$0.55 on the date of filing.

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In 2013, the Company elected to sell 18 acres of the 45 acre Lausman Property for gross proceeds of $450,000. This property was considered a non-core asset and not required for development of the I-M Project. This sale reduced the size of the Idaho-Maryland site to 84 acres.

 

None of the Company’s projects has known reserves, and all proposed programs are exploratory in nature. The I-M Project has National Instrument 43-101 compliant mineral resources in Measured, Indicated, and Inferred categories.

 

Idaho-Maryland Project

 

Surface and Mineral Rights

 

The I-M Project is located 1.5 miles east of downtown Grass Valley, Nevada County, within the State of California. The I-M Project comprises approximately 2,800 acres of subsurface mineral rights and 128 acres of surface rights. The surface rights are centered around three of the historic mine shafts at the properties. The properties comprise the 84 acre Idaho-Maryland site (including the 28 acre Lausman Property), the 37 acre New Brunswick site, and the 7 acre Round Hole site. The mineral rights are severed from the surface rights at variable depths from surface, with all mineral rights being contiguous below 200 ft from surface. Most of the Property is located in the City of Grass Valley, but the New Brunswick Property is located in Nevada County adjacent to the City.

 

Location Map - GV

 

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IMMC_mineral (2)

 

History of the Property

 

The Grass Valley mining district is one of the most productive and famous mining districts in the State of California. The mines in the district were known as the “Northern Mines” and were not part of the Mother Lode gold belt. The first and second largest underground gold producing mines in the state, the Empire and Idaho-Maryland, are located adjacent to one another within the district. Placer gold was first found in Wolf Creek, adjacent to the Idaho-Maryland Mine, in 1848. Gold-bearing quartz was discovered at Gold Hill in 1850. The original claim on the Idaho-Maryland Mine was staked in 1851 and high-grade gold mineralization was discovered in 1861, with the commencement of mining in 1863. It has been estimated that over the approximately 106 years of gold mining activity in the Grass Valley district from 1850 to 1956, a total of 17 million ounces of gold were produced. The district is still considered the fifth largest gold-producing area in the United States, although most of the mines have not been in production since 1956. The Idaho-Maryland Mine yielded an estimated 2,383,000 ounces of gold from 5,546,000 short tons for a recovered grade of 0.43 ounces of gold per short ton. The Idaho-Maryland Mine was mined only to the 3,280-foot level while its neighbour, the Empire Mine, was systematically mined to the 5,000-foot level below surface.

 

The claims around the deposit were consolidated in 1915 to form the Idaho-Maryland Mine. Metals Exploration Company of New York acquired control of the surface properties and mineral rights, dewatered the mine, deepened the Idaho shaft to 2,000 ft and moved the Union Hill stamp mill to the Idaho shaft area. Full production, however, was never achieved in the 1920’s. Control over the properties and mineral rights changed in 1926 when Errol MacBoyle and Edwin Oliver created holdings that included the Idaho-Maryland, Brunswick, and Morehouse mines. Production commenced the same year. From 1926 to 1942 the Idaho Mine produced 650,000 ounces of gold from 1.1 million tons of ore. The Brunswick Mine restarted production in 1934 after deepening its shaft to 3,460 ft and constructing a 750 STPD mill. The mines were closed in 1942, due to the enactment of the Federal War Production Boards Limitation Order L-208, and were reopened again in 1945. Production was hampered by depleted operating funds, rising costs, skilled labour shortages, and negligible exploration and underground development work. Gold mining ceased at the Idaho-Maryland Mine in 1954, being briefly replaced by government-subsidized tungsten production until 1957. Mining activity stopped altogether in 1957. At the time of closure, Idaho-Maryland Industries, Inc. owned the Mine. In 1963 Idaho-Maryland Industries, Inc. executed a Quit Claim Deed to William and Marian Ghidotti. Ownership of the mineral rights eventually passed to Mary Bouma, Erica Erickson, and William Toms (referred to as the BET Group) in 1983.

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In August 1993, Emgold originally leased, with an option to purchase, the initial four land parcels in Grass Valley, California from the BET Group, the unrelated owners of the properties. Until 1999, the Company held interests in four land parcels in Grass Valley, California (collectively referred to herein as the “I-M Project”) through its subsidiary, IMMC. The four parcels were comprised of the subsurface (generally below 200 feet mineral rights to 2,745 acres of land and the surface rights to three parcels, one of 37 acres surrounding the 3,460 foot deep New Brunswick shaft, one of 80 acres adjacent to and south of the New Brunswick shaft (the “Brunswick Millsite”) and one of 13 acres surrounding the Round Hole Shaft.

 

The Company held a 100% interest in the Round Hole Shaft Property until December 2000. It also held a lease and option to purchase a 100% interest in the other three land parcels, which expired. These land parcels were held as security for a convertible debenture held by Frank A. Lang and a convertible debenture held by Lang Mining Corporation, a private company controlled by Frank A. Lang. As the Company and the debenture holders could not come to mutually acceptable terms for an extension to the convertible debentures, which expired on June 8, 2000, the convertible debentures were cancelled and the land held as security was transferred to a private company controlled by Frank A. Lang. In June 2009, the Company announced it had reached an agreement with Frank A. Lang to re-purchase approximately 7 acres of the original land parcels that were transferred to Mr. Lang’s private company in 2000 and the land transfer was completed in 2010. The subject acreage is located at the intersection of Idaho-Maryland and Brunswick Roads in Grass Valley, CA, and overlies part of the mineral rights associated with the I-M Project and is the location of the historic Round Hole Shaft and is called locally the Round Hole Property. The agreement to re-purchase was conducted by way of share issuance.

 

Emgold had incurred significant expenditures on the I-M Project prior to 1999. Under Canadian generally accepted accounting principles and the policy of the Company, the status of the I-M Project was reviewed and the Company recorded a write-down in its interest in the I-M Project of $6,982,016 to a nominal carrying value of $1. Gold prices were low, and it was difficult to raise capital for exploration of mineral properties. In 2002 Emgold changed its accounting policy with respect to exploration and development expenditures, whereby such costs are expensed until a pre-feasibility or feasibility study has been completed that indicates a property is economically feasible. Acquisition costs relating to option payments, land payments and share issuances are capitalized, until the mineral property is determined to be uneconomic or is advanced by disposition, or further development. During the year ended December 31, 2013, $0 (2012 - $580.084) was expended by the Company on exploration and permitting activities on the I-M Project.

 

In fiscal 2002, the Company renegotiated the 1993 lease and option to purchase agreement with the the BET Group for the Idaho-Maryland mineral rights and certain surface properties in the Grass Valley Mining District, California. This is called the BET Agreement. The initial term of the BET Agreement was five years, commencing on June 1, 2002, and ending on May 31, 2007. The owners granted to the Company the exclusive right and option to purchase all of the leased BET Property and mineral rights. The BET mineral rights were subject to a 3% Net Smelter Royalty (“NSR”) from production. if the mineral rights were still being leased. Any royalty payments made prior to exercising the purchase option may be deducted from the purchase price. Lease payments of $25,500 were payable quarterly commencing May 1, 2004, and continuing until February 1, 2007.

In February 2007, for a one-time payment of $75,000, the Company negotiated an extension to the BET Agreement whereby the term of the exercise date was extended from May 31, 2007, to December 31, 2008, with quarterly lease payments of $75,000. In 2009, the BET Agreement was extended a second time to run from February 1, 2009 to February 1, 2011 with quarterly payments of $30,000 in year one and quarterly payments of $60,000 in year two. In 2010, the BET Agreement was extended a third time to run an additional two years from February 1, 2011 to February 1, 2013. Quarterly lease payments were $30,000 per quarter.

 

In 2010, as part of negotiations for the third extension of the BET Agreement, the BET Group agreed to defer fifty percent of the quarterly leases payments for 2010, amounting to $30,000 of the $60,000 per quarter outlined above. The amount of the deferral, totaling $120,000, would be added to the purchase price of the Property, of which the first installment would become due on February 1, 2013, in the event that the Company exercised its option to purchase the BET Properties and mineral rights. The deferral of $120,000 would be subject to interest calculated at 5.25% compounded annually. On February 1, 2013, the third extension of the BET Agreement expired without being renewed. The Company is proposing to extend the lease or come to some other suitable business transaction with the BET Trust, subject to successful negotiations and financing.

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The Company has capitalized a total of $1,337,563 (2013 - $1,227,563) in Mineral Property Interests, of which $490,508 relates to Idaho-Maryland acquisition costs. Additional properties have been acquired for a total of $847,055.

 

Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography

 

The I-M Project is within the area of influence of the city of Grass Valley as defined in their 2020 General Plan. Both Grass Valley and Nevada City are Sierra Nevada foothill communities located approximately 20 miles north of Auburn and approximately 55 miles northeast of Sacramento. Highway 49 and Highway 20 connect the Grass Valley/Nevada City area regionally.

 

Geological Setting

 

The I-M Project and the Grass Valley Mining District are situated in the northern portion of the Sierra Nevada Foothills Gold Belt, a geographic area containing many historic gold mines. This belt averages 50 miles in width and extends for 320 miles in a north-northwest orientation along the western slope of the Sierra Nevada range. The location of the Sierra Nevada Foothills Gold Belt coincides closely with a zone of metamorphic rocks and regional faults known as the outcrop area of the Sierra Nevada Foothills Metamorphic Belt.

 

Exploration

 

Historic Drilling

Until the mine closed in the 1950’s exploratory and delineation diamond drilling regularly took place. Historically, eleven hundred holes totalling 230,000 ft were diamond drilled. Hole traces have been input into the geological database, as have the historical assay, stope, and geology various plans and drawings. No historical drill logs have been found in the historical information.

 

Down hole surveys were not conducted in early drilling, and deviation of the drill holes was common. Recorded in the geology monthly reports were experiences such as driving an underground heading on a drill hole only to find that the hole soon curved significantly from the planned orientation. The deviation was not consistent, and so could not be predicted. This observation was one of the main reasons a technical report prepared for the Company by AMEC Americas Limited (“AMEC”) recommended that mineral resources defined by drilling alone should be classified as inferred mineral resources. No core was preserved from past mining operations at the Idaho-Maryland Mine.

 

Sampling and Analysis

The I-M Project contains a historic database with over 100,000 assays. The historic assays, which are almost exclusively for gold, were done on samples taken from underground workings (walls and backs from drifts and crosscuts, walls from raises). Sample quality can be inferred by the reconciliation of historic production records to underground sample data. These studies, as well as a recent investigation on mill-to-resource prediction, show that the resource or reserve estimates consistently underestimated the amount of gold produced by milling, a discrepancy most likely reflective of sample size influence rather than laboratory technique. Gold deposits with coarse gold areas are best sampled with large sample sizes, which was not common practice when the mine was in production. Therefore, any estimates made using this historic data should include comparisons with values unadjusted and adjusted for the regular underreporting of grade (i.e., call factor). It is believed that the comprehensive set of assay plans, supported by records of muck car stope samples and mapped geology data, as well as the detailed historical production records, all support the integrity of the assay data for the Idaho-Maryland Mine. These data are deemed suitable for use in mineral resource estimation, and have been utilized in the reports prepared for the Company by AMEC.

 

Gold Exploration

The gold exploration program has consisted of an extensive geologic evaluation of the historical mine records plus additional diamond drilling from surface. This rather unique program was possible because of the excellent and comprehensive preservation of the historical Idaho-Maryland mine and mill records. This data is exhaustive and essentially complete, although without any historical drill data, and has been used to generate a consistent, property-wide structural geology model and vein set definition and chronology. Un-mined mineralization was identified along underground workings and in historical diamond drill holes. Interpretation of the updated geologic model defined new vein sets and extensions of known vein sets. This data has been entered into a three-dimensional computer model using MineSight® software to help with interpretations.

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Emgold believes that there is significant potential to identify substantial additional gold resources on the I-M Project, and intends to continue with an ongoing gold exploration program. Once dewatering and access to the mine is achieved it is planned to establish underground drilling stations for further drill testing of key gold target areas, plus definition and expansion of known gold resources.

 

Gold Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Estimates

 

In 2002, Emgold completed a NI 43-101 Technical Report (required by regulatory authorities in Canada) on the Idaho-Maryland Mine. This report was prepared by AMEC. The report summarized Measured, Indicated, and Inferred Mineral Gold Resources for the I-M Project. The resources for the I-M Project were estimated under the direction of Mark Payne (Registered Geologist 7067, State of California) and a Qualified Person for the purposes of NI 43-101, using traditional longitudinal sections, hand calculations and 3-D geologic models by commercial mine planning software (Vulcan® and MineSight®). AMEC's review concentrated on the geologic interpretation of the mineralization controls, the most critical factor in the resource estimate. Historic production information was also used in establishing confidence in continuity of mineralization. The mineral resource classification logic was also examined. A cut-off grade of 0.1 oz/ton was used in this estimate.

 

In 2004, as part of a NI-43-101 Preliminary Assessment of the industrial mineral resource (see below), the gold resources for the I-M Project were increased. This report was also prepared by AMEC. The resources for the I-M Project were estimated under the direction of Mark Payne (Registered Geologist 7067, State of California) and a Qualified Person for the purposes of NI 43-101, using traditional longitudinal sections, hand calculations and 3-D geologic models by commercial mine planning software (Vulcan® and MineSight®). The same methodology, cut-off grade, and gold price were used as in the 2002 Technical Report.

 

In 2007, a subsequent small increase in the resource numbers was estimated under the direction of Robert Pease, Professional Geologist (California), Chief Geologist for the I-M Project, and a Qualified Person in accordance with NI 43-101 in Canada. This resource increase represented only an additional 50,000 inferred ounces over and above the 2002 NI 43-101 Technical Report prepared by AMEC, or approximately 5%, and was announced by Emgold in a March 1, 2007, press release. The same methodology, cut-off grade, and gold price were used in the 2007 resource calculation as in the 2002 and 2004 Technical Reports to keep the methodology consistent with past reports. The resource cut off grade used in all reposts is calculated as follows:

 

Cut off grade = mining cost/(mill recovery gold price) = $35/(0.93 x $375) = 0.1 opt.

 

The gold price has risen significantly since the original 2002 report and it is anticipated that further resource estimates will be updated with the current gold price and lower cut off grade. The mineral resource classification of the I-M Project deposits used methods consistent with the CIM definitions referred to in NI 43-101. Measured mineral resources are supported only in areas exposed by underground development and estimated from detailed underground sampling. The gold resources for the I-M Project are summarized in the following table:

 

Cautionary Note to U.S. Investors concerning estimates of Measured and Indicated Resources: This section uses the terms “measured” and “indicated resources.” We advise U.S. investors that while those terms are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize them. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into reserves.

 

Cautionary Note to U.S. Investors concerning estimates of Inferred Resources: This section uses the term “inferred resources.” We advise U.S. investors that while this term is recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission do not recognize it. “Inferred resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an Inferred Mineral Resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of Inferred Mineral Resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. U.S. investors are cautioned not to assume that part or all of an inferred resource exists, or is economically or legally mineable.

 

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Summary Idaho-Maryland Gold Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource, March 1, 2007


Classification
True
Thickness
(ft)
Tonnage
(ton)
Gold Grade
(oz/ton)

Gold Grade

w/ MCF

(oz/ton)

 Measured Mineral Resource ¹ 13.3 271,000 0.22 0.31
 Measured Mineral Resource ² 70.7 831,000 0.15 0.15
 Indicated Mineral Resource 8.1 489,000 0.35 0.50
Measured + Indicated Mineral Resources 41.1 1,666,000 0.22 0.28

1. MCF = Mine Call Factor (not applicable to Waterman Group resources).

2. Idaho-Maryland measured resources are split into two categories: 1) the Eureka, Idaho, Dorsey, and Brunswick Groups, and 2) the Waterman Group (stockwork / slate type ore).

 

 

Summary Idaho-Maryland Gold Inferred Mineral Resource, March 1, 2007


Classification
True
Thickness
(ft)
Tonnage
(ton)
Gold Grade
(oz/ton)

Gold Grade

w/MCF
(oz/ton)

Inferred Mineral Resources 9.1 2,573,000 0.27

 

0.39

 

Mine Call Factor: The mine “call” factor was determined from the historical mining information and was used while the mine was in operation to predict the head grade of ore fed to the mill. Historically the planned mill feed tonnage and gold grade rarely matched the actual results. This was a result of a variety of factors that could be resolved by adjusting the planned production by a constant number. This number or factor is called the multiplier factor or mine call factor. Commonly, these deposit types typically under-predict the gold produced. Causes include poor sampling of high-grade material, inconsistent assaying procedures for the high-grade samples and, in places, the use of too low a bulk density number for the ore. Prior studies have included a detailed investigation into historic mine-mill reconciliation at the Idaho-Maryland mine. Analysis of data from later years (1950 to 1952), where the records of mine and mill production were kept in some detail and were traceable to parts of the mine, were examined and two factors were calculated: a "model" (underground sampling) to "mine" (muck car sampling) factor, equal to 1.21, and a "mine" to "mill" factor, calculated to be 1.19. The total Mine Call Factor is equal to 1.44. AMEC reviewed the work done by previous studies and has agreed with their results. The use of the Mine Call Factor can be used to establish a relationship between the historic underground channel samples and expected production. This factor should only be used on the nugget vein system data.

 

Industrial Minerals Resource and Mineral Reserve Estimates

 

When Emgold acquired the rights to a potential ceramics technology in 2003, the Company realized that the I-M Project may host mineral resources suitable as feedstock for the process and potentially for aggregate production. Initial investigations of the meta-volcanic rock commenced in June 2004 with a geotechnical drilling program designed to obtain data for the design of a mine access ramp. Geological information from this program was also analyzed to determine if the rock excavated during ramp construction would be suitable feedstock for the ceramics technology. The analysis included surface geologic mapping, outcrop sampling, sampling of the diamond drill core, and testing of samples to assess their suitability for ceramics manufacture. The result of these analyses was the definition of a large volume of igneous rocks of similar composition that were considered satisfactory as an industrial mineral resource suitable for ceramics manufacture. The industrial rocks are adequately defined by core drilling, but further testing, marketing, and production of ceramic products using the ceramics technology, and the beginning of underground development, will be necessary to upgrade this industrial rock into reserves. Sales contracts or actual sales may be required in order to prove the commerciality of the stone and ceramics products to bring the resource into reserve status. No further core drilling of the meta-volcanics is planned until access is developed underground.

 

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The 2004 Preliminary Assessment presents industrial minerals (ceramics feedstock) resources and gold resources for the I-M Project. The industrial minerals resource was delineated by seven geotechnical core holes drilled at inclinations of 40° and 45°, one exploration core hole, seven surface sample sites, and certain geologic data from historical underground mine drifts. The average top boundary of the resource is 200 ft below the ground surface (due to depth of mineral rights). Drill hole spacing ranged from 80 ft to 1,200 ft. The lower boundary of the resource is based on the bottom of the drill holes. The west boundary is where the amount of gabbro and ultramafic rocks begins to increase. The east boundary is based on the limit of geotechnical drilling and surface sampling.

 

Since the initial acquisition of the ceramics technology, the Company has determined that production of recycled stone and ceramics products is possible using commercially available equipment. Additionally, more advanced equipment, which may be applied by the Company to produce high quality stone and ceramics building products from mine wastes, has since been developed by ceramics equipment producers and is readily available for sale.

 

Measurement uncertainty and impairment assessments: Emgold is currently in the exploration stage on its mineral property interests, and has expensed its exploration costs. The mineral property costs that are capitalized relate to mineral property acquisition costs. At December 31, 2014, the carrying value of mineral property interests was $1,337,563. Of this, $490,508 was related to surface rights and two minor mining claims related to the I-M Project. The balance of the costs relate to the Rozan, Stewart and Buckskin properties. To the extent that the cumulative exploration amounts expensed to date were significantly in excess of the property carrying value and in the absence of negative exploration results or a decision to abandon the property, management has concluded that the fair values of the properties is at least equal to or greater than its book value. The Company also used an overall global valuation test, and compared the market capitalization to its net book value at December 31, 2014, as well as an assessment as to what premium, if any, would be reasonable and concluded that no property impairment charges were identified.

 

In addition, the Company re-evaluates the carrying values of property, plant and equipment when events or changes in circumstance indicate that carrying values may not be recoverable. If it is determined that the estimated net recoverable amount based on non-discounted cash flows is less than the carrying value, a write-down to the estimated fair value is made by a charge to earnings. Where estimates of future cash flows are not available and where other conditions suggest impairment, management assesses whether the carrying value can be recovered.

 

As of December 31, 2014, the Company determined that impairment indicators existed based on the Company’s ability to raise financing and due to significant changes in one of the property’s work programs. The Company completed an impairment assessment for each of its mineral property interests.

 

It is management’s opinion that the carrying amount of the exploration properties is supported by recent exploration expenditures in excess of the properties’ carrying value and the Company’s near-term exploration plans. Although management believes that estimates applied in these impairment assessments are reasonable, such estimates are subject to significant uncertainties and judgments.

 

Mine Planning and Scheduling

 

The Company is currently reviewing underground exploration opportunities and developing several mining scenarios to optimize access to gold resources for drilling and potential conversion to proven and probable mining reserves.

 

Metallurgy

 

AMEC reviewed the mill operating statistics for 1934, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1941, and 1947. Results indicate stable overall gold recoveries and metallurgical response to gravity, flotation, and cyanidation, with overall gold recoveries ranging from 93.8% to 97.2%.

 

Tungsten was processed using gravity and flotation methods in the 1950s.

 

Overall gold recovery using modern technology should result in gold recoveries consistent with those achieved in the early milling circuits at the Idaho-Maryland mill.  However, it can be expected that gold recovery from the gravity separation portion of the recovery plant using modern gravity technology may exceed the recoveries attained (i.e., average 65%) in the 1930s and 1940s.  Test work to determine the maximum total gold recovery potential using gravity separation, flotation concentration and cyanidation has been recommended.  The gold recovery from gravity separation using modern technology may be approximately 80% to 85%, with overall recovery including flotation concentration and cyanide recovery consistent with historical recoveries of 93.8% to 97.2%.  This information is provided in detail in the Company’s November 2002 NI 43-101 Technical Report and is discussed again in the November 2004 NI 43-101 Preliminary Assessment Technical Report.

  29
   

 

Capital Cost Estimation

 

Estimation of capital costs for the I-M Project is ongoing and will be available upon completion of initial underground exploration and the preparation of a feasibility study.

 

Operating Cost Estimation

 

Estimation of operating cost for the I-M Project is ongoing and will be available upon completion of initial underground exploration and the preparation of a feasibility study.

 

Project Schedule

 

The CMUP is expected to be completed with 12-18 months of resuming the permitting process, which is subject to financing. It is anticipated that construction of the I-M Project will be conducted in three Phases as outlined in the Project Application with reclamation occurring in a fourth phase. After completion of the CMUP, financing activities will occur for Phase 1 of the project, consisting of dewatering, mine rehabilitation, development, and exploration.

Golden Bear Ceramics Company

Technology Development

 

Emgold initially licensed the worldwide rights to the Ceramext® technology pursuant to a World Wide License Agreement (the “Agreement”) dated September 17, 2003 between the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary GBC, and Ceramext, LLC. The agreement was entered into because of the apparent potential of the hot vacuum extrusion process to provide an effective tailings management strategy for the I-M Project while potentially contributing a significant revenue stream to the mine if utilized at the I-M Project. However, GBC has since determined that it has access to commercially available technology not proprietary to Ceramext, LLC that may be used for the further development of its recycling and stone and ceramics product business.

 

Emgold provided advance royalty payments, as per the Agreement, up to and including the December 21, 2008, payment. The March 2009 payment was not made and the Agreement was terminated as of May 7, 2009. The Company has continued to work to separate GBC from Emgold, and intends to provide minimal financial resources to its subsidiary until the potential separation is completed and GBC is independently financed.

 

GBC designed and operated a pilot plant in Grass Valley, California. GBC, subject to financing, is planning to complete marketing studies, a feasibility study and basic engineering of a production plant for converting mine tailings and other industrial waste materials into high quality recycled stone and ceramics products on a commercial basis. In 2005, the Company completed an initial ceramics marketing study. This comprehensive report is assisting the Company in planning aesthetics, distribution channels, market segmentation and other factors that will impact product development costs and the initial phases of the Company’s marketing strategy. Additional marketing and distribution definition and studies were conducted in fiscal 2006 and are planned to be on-going in the future as products advance, subject to financing of GBC as a separate entity.

 

In 2007 and 2008, the development of the stone and ceramics products by Golden Bear was limited to patenting and financing activities while the Company focused on the permitting process for the I-M Project, the likely location of the first commercial manufacturing facility. Should sufficient funding be obtained and the schedule for the I-M Project be delayed, the Company would consider construction of a first commercial plant at a location other than the I-M Project. GBC has been able to source equipment from outside sources to further the development the proposed recycled stone and ceramics products using commercially available technology.

  30
   

I-M Project and the Use of Waste Materials for the Production of Stone and Ceramics Products

 

Materials from the I-M Project geotechnical-drilling program and from surface exposures have been evaluated for their suitability for commercial exploitation. These have included historic Idaho-Maryland mine tailings and a variety of metamorphosed volcanic and intrusive igneous rocks derived from core samples and other exploration work. The goal was to determine which of the materials that will be processed during mine development and during ultimate gold processing may be suitable for use in manufacturing ceramic products.

 

The raw materials from the I-M Project processed and evaluated by GBC appear to be fully suitable for commercial use using commercially available equipment. Exploration for resource definition, early mining activities and partial mining operations may commence before a recycled stone and ceramics plant is constructed and operational on site.

 

In November 2004, a Preliminary Assessment for the I-M Project was prepared by AMEC using Measured, Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources from the Idaho-Maryland Mine to evaluate the production of high quality stone and ceramic building materials. Although the report is preliminary in nature, it identifies the necessary activities for staged development of the I-M Project and includes estimated capital and operating costs that may allow the historic mine to return to production as a gold and ceramics producer. The Preliminary Assessment describes the staged development of the I-M Project to produce 1,200 to 2,400 tons per day (‘tons/d’) of ore and development rock. The development rock and tailings could then be used to produce from 160 million to 320 million equivalent square feet of ceramic tile per year.

 

The current plan deviates from the Preliminary Assessment with respect to the maximum ceramics production rate. The ceramics production is now planned to occur in staged with initial production set at 200 STPD then increasing to 1,200 STPD in 200 STPD increments. This translates into a maximum ceramic tile production of 160 million equivalent square feet of ceramic tile produced from 1,200 STPD of development rock and tailings. It is anticipated that a new Preliminary Assessment for the I-M Project will be completed to further describe the new plans once sufficient working capital is available.

 

Successful application of the recycled stone and ceramics manufacturing facility is expected to consume up to half of the tailings from the I-M Project with the other half returning underground as backfill. Excess development rock will crushed, screened, and sold off site as aggregate. This eliminates the requirement for long-term surface storage of these materials. The successful production and sales of recycled stone and ceramic building materials would allow IMMC to continue with exploration of additional gold targets, and pre-production development, with the objective of defining an economic gold reserve while generating positive cash flow. The ultimate combination of a gold mine and processing facility, recycled stone and ceramics manufacturing facility, and aggregate mine and processing facility would greatly enhance the economic viability of the I-M Project and allow it to withstand fluctuations in metal prices that often impact a stand alone gold mine. If the recycled stone and ceramics plant does not get financed or the market is smaller than expected, the mine can operate by increasing aggregate production and placing up to 100% of the mine tailings underground.

  31
   

 

Exploration Projects, British Columbia Properties

 

The Company has two early-stage exploration projects in British Columbia, Canada. The locations are shown on the map below, with details of the projects following.

EMR_rozan stewart loc map_updated 060110

 

 

Exploration activities on the Rozan and Stewart properties have been planned and carried out under the supervision of Linda Dandy, P.Geo, and Perry Grunenberg, P. Geo both “Qualified Persons” for the purpose of NI 43-101, “Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects”.

 

Stewart Property, British Columbia

 

The Stewart Property in British Columbia is without known mineral resources and reserves and the proposed programs are exploratory in nature.

 

Property Location and Geology

The Stewart Property is an early stage poly-metallic exploration property located near the town of Ymir in south-eastern British Columbia. The Property consists of 28 mineral tenures totalling 5,789 hectares (15,305 acres). The Property is located in the Nelson Mining District and is a large regional geologic trend of gold, silver, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, and other mineralization.

 

The Stewart Property contains a number of gold, molybdenum, tungsten and silver-lead-zinc prospects that have been discovered by historic and recent exploration activity. The Property has been assessed by various operators since 1940's exploring for various types of mineralization. A significant amount of historic data is available from those programs for use in guiding current exploration efforts.

 

Exploration, to date, has included geological mapping, geochemical sampling, geophysics, trenching, and diamond drilling. This work has identified five key exploration targets. The targets include:

 

  1. The Stewart Moly Zone
  2. The Arrow Tungsten Zone
  3. The Craigtown Creek Gold Zone
  4. The Stewart Creek Gold Zone
  5. The Free Silver Zone

 

  32
   

 

 

Property Ownership

Pursuant to an option agreement entered into in 2001 and completed in 2008, the Company acquired a 100% right, title and interest in and to the Stewart Property by making payments totalling Cdn$104,000 and issuing 260,000 common shares, subject only to a 3% NSR payable to the optionors. The Company has the right to purchase 66⅔% of the NSR for the sum of Cdn$1,000,000 and has the first right of refusal to purchase the remaining 33⅓%.

 

Exploration Activity

The Stewart Property has been subject to an exploration activity by numerous companies over the years, many focusing on different metals. In 2001 Emgold conducted soil geochemistry sampling to verify prior historic work. In 2003 Emgold added airborne geophysics (magnetics, resistivity, and electromagnetics). In 2004, Emgold completed a 6 hold drill program (1530 meters or 5,108 feet) in the Craigtown Creek Gold Zone, resulting in several gold intersections. In 2005 Emgold completed a 5-hole diamond drill program (404.5 meters or 1,327 feet) in the Stewart Moly Zone, including twinning of historic holes. Both high grade and low grade molybdenum minerlization was intersected. In 2007, Emgold completed 28 trenches and 30 diamond drill holes (3,338 meters or 10,950 feet of drilling) focused on the Arrow Tungsten Zone. Both high and low grade tungsten mineralization was encountered. In 2011, The Company drilled 19 diamond drill holes (2,526 meters or 8,287 feet) focussed on the Stewart Moly Zone. The drilling focused on the Stewart Moly Zone with the goal of defining and expanding the Zone. Both high grade and low grade molybdenum mineralization was identified, with the presence of potential by-product metals gold and rhenium.

 

In 2012, the Company drilled 11 diamond drill holds (1,445 meters or 4,739 feet) of NQ size core. The drilling focused on the Stewart Creek Gold Zone, the Free Silver Zone, and the Stewart Moly Zone. Gold was intersected in the Stewart Creek Gold Zone, resulting in the discovery of a new gold exploration target. Low grade lead and zinc mineralization was encountered in drilling in the Free Silver Zone, warranting additional future work. The Stewart Moly Zone was extended to depth.

 

In 2014, no exploration work was completed on the Stewart Property.

 

Rozan Gold Property, British Columbia

 

The Rozan Gold Property in British Columbia is without known mineral resources and reserves and the proposed programs are exploratory in nature.

 

Property Location and Geology

The Rozan Property is an early stage poly-metallic exploration property located near the town of Nelson, in south-eastern British Columbia. William Rozan staked the area in 1928 and operated a small scale high grade gold mining operation on the Property until the early 1970's. The Property consists of 32 mineral tenures covering an area of 1,950 hectares (4,819 acres). The Property is located in the Nelson Mining District and is a large regional geologic trend of gold, silver, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, and other mineralization.

 

Exploration, to date, has included geological mapping, geochemical sampling, geophysics, trenching, and diamond drilling. This work has identified 10 exploration targets to date, of which only two have been tested. Three of these targets called the Main Vein Zone, Sheeted Vein Zone, and West Vein Zone have had some initial diamond drilling completed on them with several gold intersections.

 

Property Ownership

In 2000 the Company acquired 100% of the rights to the Rozan Property, a prospect located south of the community of Nelson in the Red Mountain area of southeastern British Columbia. The Company earned its interest in the Property by making stepped payments totalling Cdn$100,000 and issuing 200,000 common shares. In fiscal 2006 the claims were transferred to the Company. The Property is subject to a 3% NSR. The Company has the right to purchase 2/3 of the NSR for the sum of Cdn$1,000,000 and has the first right of refusal to purchase the remaining 1/3. Currently the Property consists of 32 mineral claims totalling 1,950 acres.

 

In December 2010, the Company entered into a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Valterra Resource Corporation (“Valterra”). The Agreement called for cumulative work commitments of $1,000,000 over five years, with a commitment of $50,000 in 2010, $200,000 in 2011, and $250,000 in each of years 3 to 5. The term of the Agreement was for a period of 5 years, with property payments of cash, common shares and five-year warrants to be made by Valterra to the Company during the lease as follows:

  33
   

 

Terms of Option Agreement with Valterra Resources


Period
Cdn$ Shares 5 Year Warrants

 

Signing

Nil 50,000 50,000
Year 1 $30,000 50,000 50,000
Year 2 $30,000 50,000 50,000
Year 3 $40,000 50,000 50,000
Year 4 $40,000 50,000 50,000
Year 5 $60,000 100,000 100,000
Total $200,000 350,000 350,000

 

Upon completion of the lease payments and work commitments, Valterra would have acquired the Rozan Property, subject to an underlying NSR. Valterra was to use its best efforts to complete a NI 43-101 resource estimate for the Property by Year 5, subject to results obtained from exploration and development work.

 

In January 2011, Emgold and Valterra agreed to an amendment to the agreement whereby Valterra requested, and Emgold agreed, to accept securities of Valterra in satisfaction of the Year 1 cash payment of Cdn$30,000. In February 2011 Emgold received the shares and warrants as specified in the agreement, and 600,000 units of Valterra in satisfaction of the Cdn$30,000 cash payment. One unit of Valterra is comprised of one common share of Valterra and one warrant to acquire one additional share at an exercise price of Cdn$0.10 per share for a period of 24 months from the date of issue.

 

In January 2012, The Rozan Property was returned to Emgold’s ownership when Valterra was unable to meet its work commitments for 2011.

 

Exploration Activity

An initial work program on the Rozan Property was completed in fiscal 2000, and exploration programs required for assessment purposes and under the terms of the option agreement have been completed each year. In 2000, Emgold collected 169 soil samples and 19 rock chip samples, conducted a magnetometer geophysical survey and diamond drilled two BQ size holes to test a granodiorite ridge hosting sheeted stockwork veining and a second hole to test the Main Vein.

 

In 2003, Emgold retained Furgo Airborne Surveys Corp. who flew 161 line kilometres along NE-SW oriented flight lines using a DIGHEM V EM-MAG geophysical system to cover the Rozan Property. The survey identified 167 anomalies, with 88 traceable to discrete bedrock sources often indicative of conductive sulphides and several discrete weak conductors where located.

 

During 2004, the Company completed follow up soil sampling over the airborne anomalies. A total of 333 soil samples and 9 rock samples were collected. Several correlations were discovered between areas of anomalous magnetic and electromagnetic features, areas of mineralized veining, and alteration mapped during prospecting, as well as with gold-in-soil geochemical anomalies.

 

During 2007, a single drill hole of 107.29 meters (352 feet) in length was completed on the Property. This drill hole was designed to test the northern strike extension to the gold-bearing Rozan Main Vein. Further testing along the Main Vein, and within the stock work mineralized zone to the east was postponed due to weather limitations.

 

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In fiscal 2009, the Property was optioned to Valterra. In 2010 and 2011, Valterra conducted topographical and geophysical compilation studies and re-logged, resampled and catalogued the historic drill core. In 2011, all previous soil sampling campaigns on the Property were digitally compiled into a single database (1,637 samples) by Valterra and tied to corrected UTM, NAD83 co-ordinates based on available grid stations identified/found from the old grid. The historic soil geochemical data was scanned and optically recognized using analytical certificates from assessment and company reports. Valterra conducted geological mapping (approximately two square kilometres) which indicated that the Jurassic aged Nelson Intrusions consisting of granodiorite and porphyritic diorite extend further north than previously thought, expanding the potential for further precious and base mineralization within and adjacent to the intrusives and Elise Formation mafic to intermediate tuffaceous rocks. The mapping also discovered that the Mount Verde fault consists of an approximately 200 meter (656 foot) wide breccia zone with local zones of extensive shearing. Coincident with the Mount Verde fault is spotty but strongly anomalous gold and molybdenum in soils. Also in 2011, Valterra conducted soil sampling comprising approximately 150 samples, to infill a gap in the historic soil sampling coverage and to expand the soil survey to the north. Results of the 2011 soil sampling compiled with previous soil samples has defined an area 1.8 by 1.6 kilometers (1.1 by 1.0 miles) in size with several gold anomalies based on a 55 part per billion gold grade contour. The gold in soil anomaly appears to have two preferential orientations being NW-SE and NE-SW. The northwest orientation is related to the contact between Elise Formation tuffaceous rocks to the west and granodiorite to the east. Gold values in soils ranged from 0.300 to 2.625 parts per billion. Mapping was completed for gold, arsenic, molybdenum, iron, tungsten and manganese. Assaying was done by Acme Labs of Vancouver, an independent laboratory, following standard laboratory procedures, with standard quality control measures (Payne, C., 2011).

 

A total of 10 gold anomalies were identified by Valterra in 2011. A NW-SE trending gold soil anomaly (Target A) extends for some 1.8 kilometers (1.1 miles) and is up to 200 meters (656 feet) wide (true width is unknown). Along the surface trace of the Mount Verde fault there is a strong anomaly (Target B) indentified by gold, tungsten, arsenic, and manganese in the soils. The remaining gold soil anomalies are generally NE-SW oriented and are considered related to high grade or sheeted quartz vein gold mineralization (most of which remain unexplained) on the Property.

 

Of the NE ‘trends’, three targets C, D and G appear to be the most significant. Targets C and D are two sub-parallel NE trending gold in soil anomalies located within granodiorite and may suggest that the seeted quartz vein system located at the NE end of the soil anomalies extends some 500 meters (1,640 feet) further to the SW. Trend G appears to originate at the historic Rozan workings and extends some 450 meters (1,476 feet) to the SW.

 

In 2012, Emgold completed 1,495 meters (4,903 feet) of diamond drilling consisting of 15 holes. Five holes tested the Main Vein Zone. Three holes tested the Sheeted Vein Zone. Five holes tested the West Vein Zone. Two holes tested an area north of the Sheeted Vein Zone.

 

In 2014, no exploration work was completed on the Rozan Property.

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Exploration Projects, Nevada

 

The Company has three early stage exploration properties all located in the vicinity of the Denton Rawhide Mine, near Fallon, Nevada.

 

EMR_buckskin rawhide loc map_060110

 

Buckskin Rawhide East Property, Nevada

 

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property in Nevada is without known mineral resources and reserves and the proposed programs are exploratory in nature.

 

Property Location and Geology

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property is adjacent to the Rawhide Mining LLC’s Denton Rawhide Mine about 40 miles southeast of Fallon, Nevada. The Denton Rawhide Mine was owned and operated by Kennecott Minerals Company (“Kennecott”) from 1988 to 2009. It produced 1.5 million ounces of gold and 12.4 million ounces of silver (Muntean, 2010). In 2010, the Denton Rawhide Mine was acquired by RMC. They continued to produce gold from historic heap leach pads remaining after Kennecott ceased mining activity in 2003 due to low metal prices. In 2012, RMC resumed mining activities at Denton Rawhide Mine to take advantage of today’s high metal prices. The Denton Rawhide Mine surrounds the Buckskin Rawhide East Property on the east and south.

 

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property is also adjacent to the Regent Property. The Regent Property was acquired by RMC in 2012 from Pilot Gold Corporation. The Regent Property was previously explored and drilled by Kennecott in the 1990’s and by Pilot in 2011. The Regent Property surrounds the Buckskin Rawhide East Property on the north and on the west.

 

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property is a volcanic-hosted, structurally controlled, epithermal gold-silver target situated in the Walker Lane gold belt of western Nevada. The Walker Lane is a regional shear zone and known gold trend that has hosted large and small historic and recent gold-silver mines in western Nevada, including mines of the Comstock Lode, Tonopah District and Rawhide District. From 1981 through 2009, mines located in Mineral County that were situated in the Walker Lane gold trend have produced 2,800,448 ounces of gold and 56,112,442 ounces of silver (Muntean, 2010). The Property has potential for both high grade gold and silver vein targets and low grade bulk disseminated gold and silver targets.

 

Property Ownership

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property consists of 52 unpatented mineral claims. Forty-six of the claims were originally part of a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement with Nevada Sunrise LLC that was signed by the Company in 2010. Emgold subsequently staked six additional claims in 2011. In 2012, Emgold signed an Option Agreement to acquire 100% interest in the 46 claims that were part of the Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement and subsequently acquired them through a series of transactions with the underlying property owners between 2012 to 2014. In 2014, Emgold leased the 52 claims making up the Buckskin Rawhide East Property to RMC

 

  36
   

Exploration Activity

 

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property was previously explored and drilled by Kennecott Minerals, including over 27 drill holes. Results indicate the potential for high grade mineralized gold/silver veins and bulk minable disseminated gold/silver zones. The development alternatives would include advancing the Buckskin Rawhide East Property as a standalone gold/silver exploration project or combining it with other existing properties in the region.

 

In 2010, Emgold completed rock chip sampling and grab sampling of the Black Eagle vein area of the Buckskin Rawhide Property. Sampling results were announced in Emgold’s January 12, 2011 news release and included very high grade chip samples, including the best sample averaging 9.00 ounces per ton gold and 17.58 ounces per ton silver. A high-grade mineralized shoot was delineated in the Black eagle vein, about 300 feet in strike length. Emgold believes the Property has potential for discovery of both high-grade and bulk disseminated gold and silver mineralization.

 

In 2011, Emgold continued sampling of the Black Eagle Fault. The Company expanded the Buckskin Rawhide East Property by staking 6 claims totalling 120 acres. The Company also announced initial results of surface sampling of the Chicago Mountain area. A bulk disseminated gold exploration target, called the Chicago Mountain Bulk Disseminated Target, was identified being approximately 4,000 feet long by 400 feet wide. A total of 105 historic grab samples in the target area averaged 0.04 ounces per ton gold. Emgold has taken 15 samples in this target area to date, with average grades of 0.02 ounces per ton gold. Ten reverse circulation drill holes were drilled by Kennecott historically in the mineralized area, with the average grade of mineralization in the holes being 0.008 ounces per ton gold and mineralization to a depth of 165 feet (and open to expansion at depth).

 

In 2012, Emgold continued sampling, mapping, and analysis of historic and Company sampling at Buckskin Rawhide East Property to further delineate the Black Eagle and Chicago Mountain Zones. On 30 January 2012, Emgold announced results of continuing surface exploration on two previously identified exploration targets, the Black Eagle High Grade Vein Target and the Chicago Mountain Bulk Disseminated Target. Samples were also taken along the Black Eagle Fault (which contained the Black Eagle High Grade Vein Target) and a new fault that was discovered by geological mapping.

 

In 2013, RMC conducted exploration drilling on the Buckskin Rawhide East Property.

 

No work was done on property in 2014.

 

Buckskin Rawhide West Property, Nevada

 

The Buckskin Rawhide West Property in Nevada is without known mineral resources and reserves and the proposed programs are exploratory in nature.

 

Property Location and Geology

The Buckskin Rawhide West Property is situated within the Walker Lane structural zone and gold belt of western Nevada. The Walker Lane is a regional shear zone of right lateral strike slip faulting and a known gold trend that hosts large and small historic and currently operating gold-silver mines, including mines of the Comstock Lode, Tonopah Mining District and Rawhide Mining District. The geology and mineralization on the Property are associated with lithologic units and structures of the Rawhide volcanic centre, as well as structures from the Walker Lane and Basin and Range. The Buckskin Rawhide West Property is an early stage gold/silver exploration property located adjacent and west of the Regent Property and near the Denton Rawhide Mine. It is near, but not contiguous with the Buckskin Rawhide East Property, with claims of the Regent Property separating the two. The Property has potential for both high grade gold and silver vein targets and low grade bulk disseminated gold and silver targets.

 

  37
   

 

Property Ownership

The Company has a lease and option to purchase agreement with Jeremy Wire, an individual, for 21 unpatented mining claims at Buckskin Rawhide West. The terms of this agreement were disclosed in an Emgold news release dated 24 January 2012. Emgold has agreed to lease the Property from Jeremy Wire subject to the following payments:

Terms of Lease Agreement with J. Wire

Buckskin Rawhide West

Year  

Advance Royalty

Payment

2012 $ 10,000 (1)
2013 $ 10,000 (2)
2014 $ 10,000 (2)
2015 $ 20,000 (3)
2016 $ 30,000 (3)
2017 $ 30,000 (3)
2018 $ 30,000 (3)

Notes:

(1) An initial lease payment paid 50% in cash and 50% in Emgold common shares.

(2) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of Emgold.

(3) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of the Lessor. Shares will be issued at "market value" which means the volume weighted closing price of the shares on the TSX Venture Exchange or the most senior stock exchange or quotation system on which the shares are then listed or quoted for fifteen (15) trading days ending on the date that is five (5) business days before the applicable payment.

 

During the lease period, Emgold may conduct exploration and, if warranted, complete a NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Property. On making the above payments and completion of the Technical Report, Emgold will acquire 100% ownership of the Property. In the event that commercial production occurs, Mr. Wire will be entitled to a two percent Net Smelter Royalty on production from the Property. Emgold will retain the right to purchase this royalty for $1 million, less any advance royalty payments already made.

 

Exploration Activity

Minimal exploration has been done on the Property to date and the acquisition of the Property was initially done because of its strategic location to the Denton Rawhide Mine, the Regent Property, and the Buckskin Rawhide East Property.

 

Koegel Rawhide Property, Nevada

 

The Keogel Rawhide Property in Nevada is without known mineral resources and reserves and the proposed programs are exploratory in nature.

 

Property Location and Geology

The Koegel Rawhide Property is situated within the Walker Lane structural zone and gold belt of western Nevada. The Walker Lane is a regional shear zone of right lateral strike slip faulting and a known gold trend that hosts large and small historic and currently operating gold-silver mines, including mines of the Comstock Lode, Tonopah Mining District and Rawhide Mining District. The geology and mineralization on the Property are associated with lithologic units and structures of the Rawhide volcanic centre, as well as structures from the Walker Lane and Basin and Range. The Koegel Rawhide Property is an early stage gold/silver exploration property located about four miles south of the Denton Rawhide Mine, a gold/silver mine that is owned and operated by Rawhide Mining LLC. The Property has potential for both high grade gold and silver vein targets and low grade bulk disseminated gold and silver targets.

  38
   

 

Property Ownership

Emgold’s has a lease and option to purchase agreement with Jeremy Wire, an individual, for 19 unpatented mining claims at Koegel Rawhide. The terms of this agreement were disclosed in an Emgold news release dated 06 February 2012. Emgold has agreed to lease the Property from Jeremy Wire subject to the following payments:

 

Terms of Lease Agreement with J. Wire

Koegel Rawhide

Year  

Advance Royalty

Payment

2012 $ 10,000 (1)
2013 $ 10,000 (2)
2014 $ 10,000 (2)
2015 $ 20,000 (3)
2016 $ 30,000 (3)
2017 $ 30,000 (3)
2018 $ 30,000 (3)

 

Notes:

(1) An initial lease payment paid 50% in cash and 50% in Emgold common shares.

(2) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of Emgold.

(3) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of the Lessor. Shares will be issued at "market value" which means the volume weighted closing price of the shares on the TSX Venture Exchange or the most senior stock exchange or quotation system on which the shares are then listed or quoted for fifteen (15) trading days ending on the date that is five (5) business days before the applicable payment.

 

During the lease period, Emgold may conduct exploration and, if warranted, complete a NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Property. On making the above payments and completion of the Technical Report, Emgold will acquire 100% ownership of the Property. In the event that commercial production occurs, Mr. Wire will be entitled to a two percent Net Smelter Royalty on production from the Property. Emgold will retain the right to purchase this royalty for $1 million, less any advance royalty payments already made.

 

Emgold subsequently has staked 17 additional unpatented mining claims (see 15 February 2012 press release) increasing the size of the Koegel Rawhide Property to 36 unpatented mineral claims totalling 720 acres.

 

Exploration Activity

Geologic mapping by Charles P. Watson, a consulting geologist, in the years 1991-1992, indicated the Property is covered mostly by Tertiary (Pliocene) age intermediate volcanic rocks including andesitic tuff breccias, sills and dikes. The volcanic units have been folded into minor anticlines and faulted. Faults of several orientations occur on the Property with north, northwest and northeast trends. Hydrothermal alteration (clay and silica) is present and is associated with structures and mineralization.

 

Gold and silver mineralization is present at Koegel Rawhide, based on historic randomly spaced surface sampling. A total of 464 samples were taken in geologically derived locations by consulting geologist Charles P. Watson in the years 1991-1992. The results of the historic grab samples ranged from non-detectable to 2 ounces per ton gold, and from non-detectable to 11 ounces per ton silver. The methods and quality control from the historic sampling are unknown and cannot be verified under NI 43-101, but the results are considered reliable for exploration purposes.

 

In 27 February and 28 March 2012 press releases, Emgold announced results of due diligence soil and rock chip sampling and analysis of historic soil and rock chip sampling at Koegel Rawhide. The Company identified a high grade vein target called T-10 with this sampling. Potential exists for both high grade vein and bulk disseminated gold and silver targets on the Property.

  39
   

Exploration Expenditures

Cash Expenditures

 

Emgold’s principal cash capital expenditures (there have been no material divestitures) over the last three fiscal years ended December 31 are as follows:

 

i) Amounts Deferred (capitalized or invested)

 

Emgold Principal Capital Expenditures (3 Year)

 

 

Year

Mineral Property Interests (Cumulative)
Equipment (Cumulative)
2014 1,337,563 1,668
2013 1,227,563 3,508
2012 1,464,274 10,307

 

ii) Amounts expensed

Exploration Expenses in the last three fiscal years ended December 31 are as follows:

 

Emgold Exploration Expenses (3 Years)

Year Idaho-Maryland Stewart Rozan

Nevada

Properties

Total
2014 $-- $(2,489) $(2,489) $13,929 $43,601
2013 -- 149 148 102,832 103,129
2012 580,084 289,151 318,094 -- 1,187,329

 

No Golden Bear Costs were expensed in any of the last three fiscal years.

 

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of Emgold Mining Corporation for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 and the related notes thereto. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 have been prepared in conformity with IFRS. We adopted IFRS effective as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 by applying IFRS 1: First Time Adoption of International Reporting Standards.

 

Overview

 

Emgold is a mineral exploration company with no producing properties and consequently has no current operating income or cash flow. All of Emgold’s short to medium-term operating and exploration cash flow must be derived from external financing. Emgold expects to raise additional financing to continue its planned exploration, permitting and development of its I-M Project and to separately finance the commercialization of its recycled stone ceramics business. Additional financing will also need to be raised for its early stage exploration projects.

  40
   

Critical accounting policies and changes in accounting policies

 

The preparation of financial statements requires management to establish accounting policies, estimates and assumptions that affect the timing and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. These estimates are based upon historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, and require judgment on matters that are inherently uncertain. A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies is set out in Note 3 of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, and 2012. .

 

Recent accounting pronouncements

 

A Summary of recent accounting pronouncements issued which may affect the Company in the future is set out in Note 6 of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, and 2012. .

 

The Company transitioned to International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) for the year ended December 31, 2011 and will no longer be required to prepare reconciliation to US GAAP. Accordingly, the Company has not assessed the impact of adopting recent US accounting pronouncements with an application date of January 2, 2011 or beyond on its financial statements and disclosures.

 

A.Operating Results

 

Year Ended December 31, 2014 (“fiscal 2014”) Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2013 (“fiscal 2013”)

 

Emgold’s loss in fiscal 2014 was $244,138 or a loss per share of $0.00, compared to a loss of $258,169, or a loss per share of $0.00 in fiscal 2013. This includes $43,601 in exploration costs incurred in fiscal 2014, compared to $106,529 incurred in fiscal 2013. Emgold’s accounting policy is to expense exploration costs until the Company reaches the development stage on its mineral property interests.

 

Legal, accounting and audit fees decreased to $51,000 in fiscal 2014 from $73,000 in fiscal 2013, due to the Company taking specific actions to reduce these fees.

 

Salaries and benefits decreased to $30,000 in fiscal 2014 from $94,000 in fiscal 2013 as a result of the Company laying off certain employees during the period in order to preserve cash.

 

Shareholder communications costs decreased to $12,000 in fiscal 2014 from $31,000 in fiscal 2013. This reduction is a result of the Company continuing to curtail every expenditure possible in uncertain times.

 

Stock-based compensation decreased to $nil in fiscal 2014 from $24,000 in fiscal 2013. This decrease relates to the timing of stock option issuances to officers, directors, and consultants.

 

Unrealized gain on warrant liability moved from (37,000) in fiscal 2013 to ($3,000) in fiscal 2014. The unrealized (gain) loss on warrant liability is directly factored by the number of warrants outstanding. There were fewer warrants outstanding at the current period end than the comparative period, and as a result, the unrealized (gain) loss on warrant liability had been deceased.

 

Exploration expenses – Idaho-Maryland Project:

Direct exploration expenditures on the I-M Project increased to $34,065 in fiscal 2014 from $nil in fiscal 2013.

 

Exploration expenses – Buckskin Rawhide East, Buckskin Rawhide West, and Koegel Rawhide Properties, Nevada

Exploration expenditures on the Buckskin Rawhide East, Buckskin Rawhide West, and Koegel Rawhide Properties decreased to $13,929 in fiscal 2014 from $102,832 in fiscal 2013.

 

Exploration expenses - British Columbia Properties

Exploration expenditures on the Stewart and Rozan Properties amounted to a recovery of past expenses of $4,978 compared to the expenses incurred of $297 in fiscal 2013.

 

 

 

  41
   

Year Ended December 31, 2013 (“fiscal 2013”) Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2012 (“fiscal 2012”)

 

Emgold’s loss in fiscal 2012 was $375,731, or a loss per share of $0.01, compared to a loss of $2,338,060, or a loss per share of $0.06 in fiscal 2011. This includes $1,187,329 in exploration costs incurred in fiscal 2012, compared to $1,307,140 incurred in fiscal 2011. Emgold’s accounting policy is to expense exploration costs until the Company reaches the development stage on its mineral property interests.

 

Legal, accounting and audit fees decreased to $85,659 in fiscal 2012 from $175,381 in fiscal 2011, due to the Company taking specific actions to reduce these fees.

 

Salaries and benefits have decreased to $159,679 in fiscal 2012 from $213,358 in fiscal 2011 as a result of the Company making changes to its management structure during the year.

 

Shareholder communications costs increased to $128,043 in fiscal 2012 from $62,202 in fiscal 2011. These costs result from the Company entering into a new investor relations contract in order to keep the market better informed of the Company’s activity.

 

Stock-based compensation increased to $130,701 in fiscal 2012 from $58,978 in fiscal 2011. This increase relates to the timing of stock option issuances to officers, directors, and consultants.

 

Unrealized gain on warrant liability moved from $379,336 in fiscal 2011 to ($1,492,098) in fiscal 2012. The warranty liability on the Company’s financial statements will continue to roll into income as the passage of time decreases the value of the remaining liability. The swing in the twelve month year ended is a result of adjusting the liability to reflect the warrants re-priced during the year.

 

Exploration expenses – Idaho-Maryland Project:

Direct exploration expenditures on the I-M Project decreased $195,416 from $775,500 in fiscal 2011 to $580,084 in fiscal 2012. Permitting activities related to the Project were put on hold in late 2011 and costs were incurred for property payments and technical work.

 

Exploration expenses – Buckskin Rawhide East, Buckskin Rawhide West, and Koegel Rawhide Properties, Nevada

Exploration expenditures on the Buckskin Rawhide East, Buckskin Rawhide West, and Koegel Rawhide Properties decreased by $28,096 from $28,096 in fiscal 2011 to $0 in fiscal 2012. Exploration activities were placed on hold as the Company commenced acquisition activities to acquire the underlying property rights for the Buckskin Rawhide East Property with plans to subsequently lease the Property to Rawhide Mining LLC.

 

Exploration expenses - British Columbia Properties

Exploration expenditures on the Stewart and Rozan Properties increased by $103,701 from $503,544 in fiscal 2011 to $607,245 in fiscal 2012. This was related to an increase in the availability of flow through financing that was available and was raised to spend on the properties in 2012 as compared to 2011.

 

B.Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Financial Conditions for year ended December 31, 2014

 

Historically, the Company’s sole source of funding is and has been the issuance of equity securities for cash, primarily through private placements to sophisticated investors and institutions. The Company has issued common shares pursuant to private placement financings and the exercise of warrants and options.

 

The current market conditions, the challenging and inhospitable funding environment and the low price of the Company’s common shares make it difficult to raise funds through private placements of shares. In addition the Company must endeavour to minimize dilution to existing shareholders. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful with any financing ventures. Please refer to Item 3 – Key Information – section D - Risk Factors in this document.

 

At December 31, 2014, the Company had a working capital deficiency of $727,000, defined as current assets less current liabilities, compared with working capital deficiency of $627,000 at December 31, 2013. The Company’s consolidated financial statements were prepared using International Financial Reporting Standards applicable to a going concern. Several adverse conditions cast substantial doubt on the validity of this assumption – see “Going Concern” disclosure below. When the Company has unused cash, it primarily invests its unused cash in guaranteed investment certificates which are redeemable in full after 30 days with interest or in treasury bills. There have been no investments in commercial paper. Where the initial term of the guaranteed investment certificate is greater than 90 days it is recorded as a short-term investment.

  42
   

 

Operations for the year ended December 31, 2014, have been funded primarily from sale of real estate holdings in Grass Valley, private placement financings, and loans from related parties.

 

Potential Restrictions on Transfer of Funds by Subsidiaries

 

The Company’s three subsidiaries are Nevada incorporated corporations. There are no currency restrictions on transfer of funds from the United States to Canada.

 

The Company currently has no source of operating cash flow and has a history of operating losses. Emgold currently has no revenue from operations and all of its mineral property interests are in the exploration or development stages. The Company does not expect to receive significant revenue from operations at any time in the near future, and Emgold has had no prior years’ history of earnings or operating cash flow. Neither Emgold nor its predecessors have paid dividends on their shares since incorporation and the Company does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.

 

Investing Activities

 

As at December 31, 2014, Emgold has capitalized $1,337,563 (2013 - 1,227,563; 2012 - $1,464,274; 2011 - $1,035,163) representing costs associated with the acquisition of its mineral property interests in California and British Columbia.

 

Capital Resources

At December 31, 2014, Emgold’s working capital, defined as current assets less current liabilities, was a deficit of $727,000, compared to a working capital deficiency of $627,000 in 2013 and $923,000 in fiscal 2012. The Company’s continued operations are dependent upon the Company’s ability to obtain sufficient financing to carry on planned operations. Currently, the Company does not have sufficient working capital to carry on planned operations, and will have to cease operations, if it is unable to raise funds for general corporate maintenance.

 

Additional financing will be required in fiscal 2015 in order for the I-M Project and the Company to move forward. The Company currently does not have sufficient working capital for the next full year of operations and will therefore need to raise additional capital to continue operations, as it currently has no source of revenue. Such financing may be achieved through the exercise of share purchase warrants and through the issuance of common shares, or other forms of financing.

 

The Company expects to completed a $250,000 in financing in 2014 as part of a transaction announced with Rawhide Mining LLC ($750,000 of this financing was completed in 2013 and 2012).

 

Share Capital

At December 31, 2014 the Company had 77,832,462 (2013 – 72,587,462) common shares issued and outstanding.

 

The Company’s continued operations are dependent upon the Company’s ability to obtain sufficient financing to carry on planned operations. Currently, the Company does not have sufficient working capital to carry on planned operations and will have to cease operations if it is unable to raise funds for general corporate maintenance.

 

2014

On 11 April 2014, the Company issued 236,000 common shares in connection with its previously signed mineral property agreements with a contract value of $20,000. On 18 July 2014, the Company issued 5,000,000 common shares to Rawhide Mining LLC at a price of CDN $0.05 per Unit. The private placement is the third and final tranche of a CDN $1 million private placement that is part of a series of Buckskin Rawhide East Property transactions.

 

  43
   

2013

In January 2013 the Company closed the second tranche of a private placement, issuing 5,700,000 Units at Cdn$0.05 per Unit for gross proceeds of Cdn$285,000. Each Unit consists of one common share of the Company and one half common share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase, for a period of 24 months, one additional common share at a price of Cdn$0.12 per share. No finder’s fees were payable in connection with this part of the financing. The share issued, along with any shares issued upon the exercise of warrants, will be subject to a four month and one day hold period.

 

 

 

The securities offered have not been registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an available exemption from the registration requirements.

 

Options and Warrants

 

2014

During the twelve months ended 31 December 2014, a total of 64,000 options expired, with an average exercise price of Cdn$0.175.

 

During the twelve months ended 31 December 2014, the Company issued 2,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of Cdn$0.10 and a 24 month life in connection with private placements described above. A total of 3,321,428 warrants expired with an average exercise price of $0.19.

 

2013

During the year ended 31 December 2013, a total of 3,000,000 incentive stock options were issued to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company with an exercise price of Cdn$0.10. All options issued expire 60 months after issuance.

 

During the twelve months ended 31 December 2013, a total of 239,000 options expired, with an average exercise price of Cdn$0.175. In addition, a total of 700,000 options were cancelled or forfeited, with an average exercise price of Cdn$0.15.

 

During the twelve months ended 31 December 2013, the Company issued 2,850,000 warrants with an exercise price of Cdn$0.12 and a 24 month life in connection with private placements described above. A total of 29,360,781 warrants expired with an average exercise price of $0.16.

 

 

Financing Activities

 

The Company completed a $250,000 in financing in 2014 as part of a transaction announced with Rawhide Mining LLC. A total of $750,000 was previously raised in this financing in 2012 and 2013.

 

Further financing will be required for corporate overhead costs.

 

Further financing will be required to advance the I-M Project in order to complete the permitting process.

 

Further financing will be required to advance and hold the Company’s exploration properties.

 

The Company is evaluating various financing options including equity financing, joint ventures, mergers, sale of assets, and other business transactions for the above.

 

Golden Bear has been looking at various alternatives to implement Golden Bear’s business plan as noted at Item 4 above. Using the pilot-plant facility in Grass Valley, the Company has produced stone and ceramic tiles that were installed in a home/office building constructed by a development partner in the research process.

  44
   

 

Going Concern

 

At December 31, 2014, the company has a working capital deficit and substantial additional financing will be required for both corporate overhead and to advance the Company’s exploration and development properties. Executive salaries are being deferred voluntarily, together with Board remuneration and management and consulting fees, until such time as new financing is available.

 

The need to raise working capital directly impacts the ability of the Company to undertake planned exploration programs or advance permitting activities relating to the I-M Project. Sufficient work has been undertaken on all of the Company’s current mineral property interests in Canada for several years. The Company has optioned its Buckskin Rawhide East Property to RMC who are currently covering its holding costs as part of the lease agreement. The Buckskin Rawhide West and Koegel Rawhide Properties can be held in the short term by the issuance of shares. If the Company is unable to perform additional exploration work in future years or with exploration partners, it may be necessary to write-down additional mineral property interests in future periods, and there is substantial doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, without restructuring or some form of joint venture. If additional working capital is not raised, the Company might have to terminate its lease on the Buckskin Rawhide West Property in Nevada or the Koegel Rawhide Property in Nevada.

 

The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is contingent on its ability to obtain additional financing. The current equity and financial market conditions, the challenging environment for raising monies, and the low price of the Company’s common stock make it difficult to obtain additional funding by private placements of shares. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful with any financing ventures. It is dependent upon the continuing financial support of shareholders and obtaining financing to continue exploration and/or development of its mineral property interest. While the Company is expending its best efforts to achieve its plans by examining various financing alternatives including reorganizations, mergers, sales of assets, or other form of equity financing, there is no assurance that any such activity will generate funds that will be available for operations.

 

The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets, or the amounts of, and classification of liabilities that would be necessary if the going concern assumption were not appropriate. Such adjustments could be material.

 

Plans for 2015

 

The Company continues to focus financing activities for both corporate overhead and to advance its exploration and development properties. It is estimated that the Company requires on average about $25,000 per month to support its corporate overhead and hold its existing properties. To advance the Idaho-Maryland Project and its other properties, approximately $150,000 to $250,000 per month is required. The Company’s priority in 2015, due to continuing poor equity markets, it to raise sufficient capital to support its overhead costs and hold its properties, until equity markets improve. If additional funds can be raised, it will advance its properties as those funds allow. The Company will evaluate potential business transactions including equity financings, joint ventures, mergers, sale of assets, and other business transactions that will generate funds to support the Company.

 

Should the Company not obtain sufficient financing to continue the permitting for the I-M Project, the Company would be forced to abandon the Idaho-Maryland Project, as least in the short term. Should sufficient funds not be available, the Company might elect to drop its leases on the Buckskin Rawhide West and Keogel Rawhide Properties.

 

Contractual Obligations in 2014

 

See Item 5.F. for a table of contractual obligations at December 31, 2014.

 

C.Research and development, patents and licenses

 

Not applicable

 

D.Trend information

 

Gold Prices

  45
   

 

As a natural resource exploration company, Emgold’s activities are cyclical as metals prices have traditionally been cyclical in nature. The recent trend for metals prices has been somewhat volatile for gold and silver. From a historical perspective Emgold has strategically focused its exploration activities on potential gold-based prospects. The mineral exploration industry had been through a very difficult period with low prices for both precious and base metals over the period from 1999 to 2004 and again from 2011 to present.. The lack of interest in minerals over the these periods led to low market capitalizations for many exploration companies and large corporations found it was easier to expand by purchasing companies or mines rather than exploring for them. This led to downsizing of large company exploration departments and many mining industry professionals left the industry. As a result of these trends, there are fewer good gold and silver projects in the exploration and development stages and a significant shortage of experienced engineers and geoscientists in the mining industry. With improving metal prices and increasing demand, especially from Asia, supply difficulties may occur in the future and there is a discernible need for good exploration projects based on sound geological work.

 

See the risk section for average, high and low gold prices to the date of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 20-F.

 

Market for Stone and Ceramics

 

The markets for stone and ceramic tile are very large and well established. In 2012, ceramic tile sales were reported as $2.3 billion for a total of 2.2 billion square feet. Stone tile sales were reported as $1.11 billion for a total of 276.8 million square feet (source: Statistical Report ’12, Floor Covering Weekly, July 22 2013).

 

E.Off-balance sheet arrangements

 

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on the Company’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

 

F.Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations

The following table summarizes the Company’s short-term and long-term obligations as at December 31, 2014:

Emgold Short-Term and Long-Term Obligations ($US)

  January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014 1-2 years 2-3 years 3-4 years 4-5 years 5th and subsequent years Total
(to 5 years)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, including related parties $760,678 $-- $-- $-- $-- $-- $760,678

 

Safe Harbour

See above – “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information.”

  46
   
ITEM 6.DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

 

A.Directors and Senior Management

 

The following table lists the directors and senior management of the Company. The directors have served in their respective capacities since their election and/or appointment and will serve until the next annual general meeting or until a successor is duly elected, unless the office is vacated in accordance with the Articles of the Company.

 

Senior Officers and Directors of Emgold

Name and Position Other Principal Directorships Shares Beneficially Owned as at November 12, 2014

% Of

Issued And Outstanding

Principal Business Activities Outside the Company
Kenneth Yurichuk, Director

ValGold Resources Ltd., Paragon Minerals Corporation, Matrix Management Fund

 

205,000 0.28% Partner, Bobot & Yurichuk, Chartered Accountants
         
William J. Witte, – Independent Director None 57,504 0.07% Businessman and Mining Consultant
         

David Watkinson, President and Chief Executive Officer and Director

 

Northaven Resource Corporation 18,800 0.02% None
         

Andrew MacRitchie,

Independent Director

Roughrider Exploration Limited 370,000 0.48% CFO, Helio Resources
         

Allen Leschert,

Non-Executive Chairman of the Board, Independent Director

 

Northaven Resource Corp. NIL 0.00% President and CEO, Northaven Resource Corp.
         

Grant T. Smith

Chief Financial Officer

 

N/A NIL 0.00% Senior Partner, Clearline Chartered Accountants

 

David Watkinson, P. Eng., President and CEO, brings over 30 years of professional engineering experience in underground and open pit mine development, including mine permitting, engineering, feasibility, construction, and operations to Emgold. In addition, he has extensive experience in project management, having taken projects from grass roots start-up to successful operating status. Mr. Watkinson has been responsible for management of large capital projects and operations in Canada, the United States and the Philippines. He has held progressively senior positions with Placer Dome Inc., Kinross Gold Corporation, Thyssen Mining Construction and Vulcan Materials Company. Mr. Watkinson holds a B.Sc. in Applied Science, Mining Engineering, from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario (1985) and is a Registered Professional Engineer in the Province of Ontario. Mr. Watkinson joined Emgold on June 22, 2006 and served of V.P. of Operation for Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation. He was subsequently appointed as a director and President and Chief Operating Officer of Emgold on July 25, 2007, and President of the Company on October 16, 2007. In May 2010, Mr. Watkinson was appointed as President and Chief Executive Officer, merging the Chief Operating Officer and Chief Executive Officer positions.

 

Grant T. Smith, CFO, is a Chartered Accountant and has over a decade of experience in the accounting field. He is the senior partner with Clearline Chartered Accountants, a firm of chartered accountants with offices in Vancouver, North Vancouver and White Rock. Mr. Smith serves as the CFO for several Canadian TSX Venture mining companies with operations in Canada, the USA, and Mexico. Prior to establishing Clearline, Mr. Smith was at PricewaterhouseCoopers where he spent several years working with companies operating in the mineral sector. He also has extensive experience serving private companies in various industries as well as not-for-profit organizations. Mr. Smith is also active in serving his community, supporting both the arts and social services by serving on various Boards, until recently he was the President of the Vancouver Chamber Choir and served as the treasurer of the MS Society for five years. Mr. Smith is currently the treasurer of the Honour House Society. He holds a BFA (1984) from York University and received his designation as a CA in 2005. Mr. Smith became CFO of the Company on September 1, 2012.

  47
   

 

 

Kenneth R. Yurichuk, Director, is a Chartered Accountant and senior partner in the public accounting firm Bobot & Yurichuk LLP, Chartered Accountants, Toronto. Mr. Yurichuk has been in public practice for over 30 years and has served as both director and officer of private and publicly-traded corporations involved in a wide range of businesses including mining, real estate development, investment and manufacturing. In addition, Mr. Yurichuk is a director of Matrix Fund Management Fund and served as a director and officer of the General Partners for several Contrarian Resource Fund Limited Partnerships and Mavrix Fund Limited Partnerships. Mr. Yurichuk holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree as well as the CA designation. He had provided consulting services through his company 759924 Ontario Ltd., a private company. Mr. Yurichuk became a director of the company on 22 June 2006. He was appointed as Co-Chairmen and Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company on July 25, 2007. In the first quarter of 2009, he resigned as Co-Chairman and in the second quarter as Co-Chief Executive Officer and was subsequently appointed as Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Yurichuk resigned as Chief Financial Officer in September 2012 and was replaced by Grant Smith, the current Chief Financial Officer. He continued as a Director of the Company, resigning in December, 2014.

 

William (Bill) J. Witte, Independent Director, has been an officer and director of the Company since June 1999. From 1995 to joining the Company in 1999, Mr. Witte was self-employed. From 1992 to 1995 he was an engineering manager and project manager, with Fluor Daniel Wright Inc. Mr. Witte has more than 30 years of mining, engineering, business, and entrepreneurial experience. He holds degrees in both Civil (University of Nevada, Reno 1976) and Mechanical Engineering (University of Arizona 1978), and is a registered Professional Engineer in the Province of British Columbia. His mining and engineering experience covers not only all aspects of mine exploration, process research and development, and operations, but also engineering, construction and corporate management. Mr. Witte has been responsible for various aspects of the financing, construction, design and operation of over 200 mining and technology projects around the world. Mr. Witte served as President or Chief Executive Officer of the Company from July 24, 2002 until August 1, 2007.

 

Andrew MacRitchie, Independent Director, has over 10 years of experience in various mineral exploration finance and accounting roles. Since 2007, Andrew has been Chief Financial Officer of Helio Resource Corp., a gold exploration company with projects located in Africa. Between 2003 and 2007 he worked for Quorum Management Services as Corporate Controller. Quorum provided accounting services for a group of exploration stage companies (including Emgold) with gold, silver, and base-metal projects located in North and South America. Andrew holds a B.Sc. Honors degree from the University of British Columbia and received his Chartered Accountant designation in 2003 while articling with PricewaterhouseCoopers. Mr. MacRitchie is also a Director of the Kidney Foundation of Canada. Mr. MacRitchie became an Independent Director of the Company on May 22, 2012.

 

Allen Leschert, Non-Executive Chairman of the Board and Independent Director, is a senior member of the securities bar in Vancouver B.C. with over 25 years of experience with public mining and exploration companies. He has pioneered a number of unique public company financing and transaction structures and has handled numerous public mining transactions, listings, joint ventures, financings, corporate takeovers, mergers and acquisitions in Canada and internationally. He is President of Armex Mining Corp. (a private B.C. based company) and is CEO and Chairman of the Board of Northaven Resources Corp. (a public B.C. based company). He holds an LLB from the University of Victoria and a B.Com. (with distinction) from the University of Alberta. Mr. Leschert became an Independent Director of the Company on August 21, 2013. He was subsequently appointed Non-Executive Chairman of the Board on November 27, 2013.

 

Technical Consultants and Employees

 

Robert R. Pease, R.G. Chief Geologist, has over 30 years of diversified experience in mineral development and engineering geology in the mining and construction industries. Mr. Pease has an extensive background in mother lode, Sierra Nevada, and basin-range geology applied to industrial minerals and gold, naturally occurring asbestos, surface and underground geologic mapping, drilling and sampling in difficult conditions, fracture-controlled ground water, and engineering geology. Mr. Pease has also conducted market research analyses of industrial minerals. He has developed reclamation plans for mining projects, and has conducted annual inspections of mines in Nevada County as the consultant for that lead agency under SMARA. He has written documents requiring approval by government agencies, such as application documents for mining projects and hazardous materials plans. Mr. Pease is a Registered Geologist in California and holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in Geology from University of Nevada.

  48
   

 

Patricia Nelson, an environmental consultant to the Company, manages the permitting and environmental compliance programs for the Company. She was an employee of the Company from 2005 to 2007. She has over 30 years of experience managing and directing multidisciplinary environmental projects for government, industry, and utility organizations that involved regulatory compliance, natural resource development and hazardous waste management. In addition, she has experience directing field work and construction projects; developing and implementing public participation programs; and conducting project specific environmental negotiations among government and industry stakeholders. She has a Bachelor of Science from the University of California at Berkeley, a Masters Degree in Business Administration from the University of San Francisco, and is a Certified Mediator from John F. Kennedy University. Ms. Nelson is also a Registered Environmental Assessor (REA) in California and has extensive hazmat training.

 

Jim Wood, MSc, P.G., Manager, Material Sciences, a consultant to the Company, was responsible for all test work and SPC on feed materials and final products. Jim was an employee of the Company from 2005 to 2007. He has 30 years of experience in the field of geological materials research. He has performed microscopic studies of rock and mineral materials using various analytical techniques including X-ray Diffraction mineral analysis, Polarized Light Microscopy and use of the Scanning Electron Microscope/Microprobe. Jim has worked for Unocal at their Science and Technology Research Center as a mineralogist. He has also been a forensics consultant on construction materials failure for a number of leading geotechnical consulting firms. He holds a B.S. degree in Earth Science from California State University, Long Beach and a M.S degree in Geology from California State University at Los Angeles. He is a registered Professional Geologist in California.

 

Family Relationships

 

There are no family relationships among any of the persons named above.

 

Arrangements

 

There are no arrangements or understandings regarding the selection of any of the persons named above.

 

B.Compensation

 

Compensation of Executive Officers

 

“Named Executive Officer” (“NEO”) means each of the following individuals:

 

(a) a Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) or one who acted in a capacity similar to a chief executive officer, for any part of the financial year ended December 31, 2014;

 

(b) a Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) or one who acted in a capacity similar to a chief financial officer, for any part of the financial year ended December 31, 2014;

 

(c) each of the three most highly compensated executive officers, or the three most highly compensated individuals acting in a similar capacity, other than the CEO and CFO, at the end of the most recently completed financial year whose total compensation was, individually, more than $150,000 for that financial year; and

 

(d) each individual who would be a NEO under paragraph (c) but for the fact that the individual was neither an executive officer of the Company, nor acting in a similar capacity, as at the financial year ended December 31, 2013.

 

The Company has three Named Executive Officers. The following disclosure sets out the compensation that the Board intended to pay, make payable, award, grant give or otherwise provide to each NEO and director for the financial year ended December 31, 2014.

 

 

  49
   

Compensation and Discussion Analysis

 

Compensation of Directors and NEOs

The Company’s Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee (“CGCC”) has responsibility for reviewing compensation for the Company’s directors and senior management.

 

The independent directors are encouraged to meet at any time they consider necessary without any members of management including the non-independent directors being present. The Company's auditors, legal counsel and employees may be invited to attend. The independent directors exercise their responsibilities for independent oversight of management through a strong CGCC. The Board has appointed William Witte as Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee to assist the Board in being effective, cohesive and independent from management.

 

To determine compensation payable, the CGCC reviews compensation paid for directors and NEOs of companies of similar size and stage of development in the mineral exploration industry and determines an appropriate compensation reflecting the need to provide incentive and compensation for the time and effort expended by the directors and senior management while taking into account the financial and other resources of the Company. In setting the compensation, the CGCC annually reviews the performance of the NEOs in light of the Company's objectives and considers other factors that may have impacted the success of the Company in achieving its objectives and financial resources.

 

The Company’s compensation policies and its stock option plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) are intended to assist the Company in attracting, retaining and motivating Directors, officers and employees of the Company and of its subsidiaries and to closely align the personal interests of such Directors, officers and employees with those of the shareholders by providing them with the opportunity, through stock options, to acquire shares in the capital of the Company.

 

Option Based Awards

 

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented a stock option plan (the "Plan") effective April 29, 2005, as amended, which was approved by the TSX Venture Exchange and the shareholders of the Company and ratified by shareholders at the Company's 2006 Annual General Meeting. The number of Shares which may be issued pursuant to options previously granted and those granted under the Plan is a maximum of 10% of the issued and outstanding Shares at the time of the grant. In addition, the number of Shares which may be reserved for issuance to any one individual may not exceed 5% of the issued Shares on a yearly basis or 2% if the optionee is engaged in investor relations activities or is a consultant. Under Exchange policy, all such rolling stock option plans which set the number of common shares issuable under the plan at a maximum of 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares must be approved and ratified by shareholders on an annual basis.

 

The purpose of the Plan is to allow the Company to grant options to Directors, officers, employees and consultants, as an incentive for performance, and as an opportunity to participate in the success of the Company. The granting of such options is intended to align the interests of such persons with that of the shareholders. Options will be exercisable over periods of up to five years as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company and are required to have an exercise price no less than the closing market price of the Company’s Shares prevailing on the day that the option is granted less a discount of up to 25%, the amount of the discount varying with market price in accordance with the policies of the Exchange. Pursuant to the Plan, the Board of Directors may from time to time authorize the issue of options to Directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries or employees of companies providing management or consulting services to the Company or its subsidiaries. The Plan contains no vesting requirements, but permits the Board of Directors to specify a vesting schedule in its discretion. The Plan provides that if a change of control, as defined therein, occurs, all shares subject to option shall immediately become vested and may thereupon be exercised in whole or in part by the option holder.

 

At December 31, 2014, a total of 7,782,346 (2013 – 7,258,746) shares of Emgold were reserved for share incentive options to be granted at the discretion of Emgold’s board of directors to eligible optionees (the “Optionees”), of which 6,966,665 (2013 – 7,030,665) were outstanding under the plan at December 31, 2014.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2014, 64,000 stock options with an exercise price of Cdn$0.175 expired unexercised (2012 – 239,000 options expired with an average exercise price of Cdn$0.175), and nil options were forfeited (2013 - 700,000 options forfeited at an average exercise price of Cdn$0.15).

  50
   

 

The Board of Directors generally grants options to corporate executives further to the recommendation of the CGCC. As part of its annual work plan, the CGCC reviews, among other things, executive compensation and makes appropriate recommendations to the Board regarding such compensation, including but not limited to the grant of options. Options may be granted at other times of the year to individuals commencing employment with the Company.

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

The compensation paid to the NEOs during the Company’s most recently completed financial year ended December 31, 2014, is as set out below:

Compensation Paid to Emgold NEOs

 Name  and principal position held during fiscal 2014 Year Salary
(1)
($)
Share-based awards
($)
Option-based awards
($)
Non-equity incentive plan compensation(3)
($)
Pension value
($)
All other compensation (2)
($)
Total compensation
(3)
($)
Annual incentive plans Long-term
incentive plans
Kenneth R. Yurichuk(4)

2014

2013

2012

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

10,826

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

24,400

NIL

NIL

35,226

David G. Watkinson(5)
President & CEO

2014

2013

2012

92,500

185,000

185,000

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

3,500

40,598

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

92,500

188,500

225,598

Grant T. Smith(6)

CFO

2014

2013

2012

36,000

36,000

12,095

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

1,750

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

36,000

37,750

12,095

Notes:

(1)Includes the dollar value of cash and non-cash base salary earned during a financial year covered.
(2)Includes any health, dental, parking, group plan insurance benefits and professional fees paid by the Company on behalf of the NEOs.
(3)These amounts include all amounts set out in table from for each NEO.
(4)Resigned from position of CFO effective September 1, 2012. Consulting fees were paid directly to 759924 Ontario Ltd., a private company controlled by a director, Kenneth Yurichuk.
(5)Of the total salary for 2014, $92,500 was accrued to David G. Watkinson for services as President and CEO for the year ended December 31, 2014, and was unpaid at December 31, 2014.
(6)Appointment as CFO became effective September 1, 2012. Management fees were paid directly to Clearline Chartered Accountants, a company of which Grant T. Smith is a director.

 

Emgold and its subsidiaries have had consulting contracts with Sargent H. Berner and Kenneth Yurichuk. Compensation of Cdn$7,000 was paid monthly to Kent Avenue Consulting Ltd., a private company controlled by Sargent H. Berner effective October 1, 2007 for his duties as Co-CEO/CEO and Co-Chairman/Chairman of the Board of the Company. This fee was reduced to $5,250 paid monthly on January 1, 2009. The last payment was made on April of 2010, at which time his contract was terminated. Mr. Berner subsequently became Non-Executive Chairman of the Board and received no fees for this position. Compensation of Cdn$7,000 per month was paid monthly to 759924 Ontario Ltd., a private company controlled by Kenneth Yurichuk effective August 1, 2007 for his role as co-CEO and co-Chairman of the Board of the Company. In February 2009, he resigned as co-CEO of the Company. In May 2010, he resigned as co-Chairman of the Board and became the CFO of the Company. The monthly fee paid to Mr. Yurichuk was reduced to $5,250 on January 1, 2009 and subsequently reduced further to $3,920. He remained as CFO of the Company until August 2012 at which time his contract was terminated. Mr. Yurichuk remained as a Director of the Company until December 2014 and received no fees for this position in 2014.

 

As part of its annual work plan, the CGCC reviews, among other things, executive compensation and makes appropriate recommendations to the Board regarding such compensation.

 

Incentive Plan Awards

Outstanding Share-based Awards and Option-based Awards

  51
   

The following table sets out all share-based awards and option-based awards outstanding as at the financial year ended December 31, 2014, for each NEO:

 

Share and Option Based Awards for NEOs

Name Option-based Awards Share-based Awards (2)
Number of securities underlying unexercised options
(#)

Option exercise price

($)

Option expiration date Value of unexercised in-the-money options (1)
($)
Number of shares or units of shares that have not vested
(#)
Market or payout value of share-based awards that have not vested
($)
David G. Watkinson 700,000 0.10 11-Oct-2018 NIL

 

N/A

 

N/A

750,000 0.15 07-May-2017 NIL
93.333 0.25 17-Mar-2015 NIL
600,000 0.25 8-Dec-2015 NIL
Grant T. Smith 350,000 0.10 11-Oct-2018 NIL N/A N/A

Notes:

(1)On December 31, 2014, the closing market price of the Company’s shares on the TSX Venture Exchange was Cdn$0.02 per share.
(2)The Company does not have Incentive Plan Awards other than option-based awards.

 

Incentive Plan Awards – Value Vested or Earned During the Year

The following table sets out all incentive plans (value vested or earned) during the financial year ended December 31, 2014, for each NEO:

 

Incentive Plan Awards for NEOs

Name

 

Option-based awards – Value vested during the year
($)
Share-based awards – Value vested during the year(1)
($)
Non-equity incentive plan compensation – Value earned during the year (1)
($)
David G. Watkinson NIL NIL N/A
Grant T. Smith NIL NIL N/A

Notes:

(1) The Company does not have Incentive Plan Awards in place other than option-based awards.

 

Discussion

 

Equity-settled share-based payments for directors, officers and employees are measured at fair value at the date of grant and recorded as compensation expense in the consolidated financial statements. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed over the vesting period based on the Company’s estimate of shares that will eventually vest. The number of forfeitures likely to occur is estimated on grant date and adjusted to actual. Any consideration paid by directors, officers, employees and consultants on exercise of equity-settled share-based payments is credited to share capital. Shares are issued from treasury upon the exercise of equity-settled share-based instruments. Compensation expense on stock options granted to non-employees is measured at the earlier of the completion of performance and the date the options are vested using the fair value method and is recorded as an expense in the same period as if the Company had paid cash for the goods or services received.

  52
   

 

When the value of goods or services received in exchange for the share-based payment cannot be reliably estimated, the fair value is measured by use of a Black-Scholes valuation model. The expected life used in the model is adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions, and behavioural considerations.

 

See “Option Based Awards” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans” for further information on the Stock Option Plan.

 

The Company does not have Incentive Plan Awards, pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation intended to serve as an incentive for performance (whereby performance is measured by reference to financial performance or the price of the Company’s securities) was paid.

 

Pension Plan Benefits

 

Defined Benefit Plan or Defined Contribution Plan

The Company has no pension plans for NEOs that provide for payment or benefits at, following, or in connection with retirement.

 

Deferred Compensation Plans

The Company has no deferred compensation plan for NEOs.

 

Termination and Change in Control Benefits

 

The Company and its subsidiaries have no contract, agreement, plan or arrangement that provides for payment to an NEO at, following or in connection with any termination (whether voluntary, involuntary or constructive), resignation, retirement, a change in control of the Company or a change in an NEO’s responsibilities, with the exception of the following:

 

The contract of David G. Watkinson, by the Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation, provides for payment to Mr. Watkinson of a minimum severance allowance equivalent to six (6) month’s salary in the event of termination by the Company without cause. Additionally, the contract provides for payment to Mr. Watkinson of a severance allowance equivalent to a minimum of six (6) month’s salary in the event of an acquisition or takeover by another company or other similar form of transaction.

 

Director Compensation

 

Directors are entitled to reimbursement for reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may award special remuneration to any director undertaking any special services on behalf of the Company other than services ordinarily required of a director. This is subject to recommendation by the Compensation and Corporate Governance committee. As indicated herein, the Chief Executive Officer who also serves as a director of the Company received compensation for their services through consulting contracts.

 

Directors’ fees totalling $NIL (2014 - $NIL; 2013 – $NIL) were paid or are accrued and payable to three independent directors of the Company.

  53
   

Director Compensation Table

The following table sets out all amounts of compensation provided to the directors who are not NEOs for the Company’s most recently completed financial year:

Compensation for Directors Who are Not NEOs

Name

Fees earned
(Cdn$)

Share-based awards
($)

Option-based awards
($)

Non-equity incentive plan compensation
($)

Pension value
($)

All other compensation
($)

Total
(Cdn$)

 

William J. Witte

NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL
Andrew MacRitchie NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL

Allen

Leschert

NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL

 

Outstanding Share-based Awards and Option-based Awards

The following table sets out all option-based awards outstanding as at the financial year ended December 31, 2014, for each director, excluding a director who is already set out in disclosure for a NEO for the Company:

 

Option and Share Based Awards for Directors Who are Not NEOs

Name Option-based Awards Share-based Awards
Number of securities underlying unexercised options
(#)

Option exercise price

($)

Option expiration date Value of unexercised in-the-money options (1)
($)
Number of shares or units of shares that have not vested (2)
(#)
Market or payout value of share-based awards that have not vested (2)
($)
William J. Witte 350,000 0.10 11-Oct-2018 NIL N/A N/A
200,000 0.15 07-May-2017 NIL
93,333 0.25 17-Mar-2015 NIL
100,000 0.25 8-Dec-2015 NIL
       
Andrew MacRitchie 350,000 0.10 11-Oct-2018 NIL N/A N/A
200,000 0.15 22-May-2017 NIL

Allen

Leschert

350,000 0.10 11-Oct-2018 NIL N/A N/A

Notes:

(1)The closing market price of the Company’s shares on the TSX Venture Exchange was $0.02 per share on December 31, 2014.
(2)The Company does not have Incentive Plan Awards in place other than option-based awards.

 

Incentive Plan Awards – Value Vested or Earned During the Year

The following table sets out all incentive plans (value vested or earned) during the financial year ended December 31, 2013 for each director, excluding a director who is already set out in disclosure for a NEO for the Company:

 

  54
   

Option and Share Based Awards Vested for Directors Who are Not NEOs

Name

 

Option-based awards – Value
vested during the year(1)
($)
Share-based awards – Value
vested during the year(2)
($)
Non-equity incentive plan
compensation – Value earned during the year (2)
($)
William J. Witte NIL NIL N/A
Andrew MacRitchie NIL NIL N/A
Allen Leschert NIL NIL N/A

Notes:

(1)The aggregate dollar value that would have been realized if the options had been exercised on the vesting date, based on the difference between the market price of the underlying securities at exercise and the exercise price of the options on the vesting date. Under the terms of the Company’s stock option plan, all options vest upon the grant date.
(2)The Company does not have Incentive Plan Awards in place other than option-based awards.

 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table provides equity compensation plan information as for year ended December 31, 2014.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

  Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
Plan Category (1) (a) (b) (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (2) 6,966,665 $0.16 815,681
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders NIL NIL NIL
Total 6,966,665   815,681

Notes:

(1)The only “equity compensation plan” in place is the Company’s stock option plan. See “Option Based Awards” above.
(2)As at December 31, 2014.

Indebtedness of Directors and Executive Officers

 

None of the director, executive officer, or associate of any such person, has been indebted to the Company at any time during the most recently completed financial year.

 

Aggregated Options Exercises During the Most Recently Completed Financial Year

 

During the year ended December 31, 2014, there were no Company stock options exercised.

  55
   

 

C.Board practices

 

All currently serving directors were elected at the Company’s annual general meeting held on 27 November 2013 and have a term of office expiring at the next annual general meeting of Emgold. All officers have a term of office lasting until their removal or replacement by the Board of Directors.

 

An “unrelated” director under the TSX governance guidelines is a director who is independent from management and is free from any interest and any business or other relationship which could materially interfere with his or her ability to act in the best interest of the Company other than interests arising from shareholding. Where a company has a significant shareholder, in addition to a majority of “unrelated” directors, the Board should include a number of directors who do not have interest or relationships with either the Company or the significant shareholder. Mr. MacRitchie, Mr. Leschert, and Mr. Witte are independent directors. As such, the number of directors is five.

 

Except as noted herein, no director and/or executive officer has been the subject of any order, judgment, or decree of any governmental agency or administrator or of any court or competent jurisdiction, revoking or suspending for cause any license, permit or other authority of such person or of any corporation of which he is a director and/or executive officer, to engage in the securities business or in the sale of a particular security or temporarily or permanently restraining or enjoining any such person or any corporation of which he is an officer or director from engaging in or continuing any conduct, practice or employment in connection with the purchase or sale of securities, or convicting such person of any felony or misdemeanour involving a security or any aspect of the securities business or of theft or of any felony. In fiscal 2008 and 2009, Sargent H. Berner, William J. Witte, Kenneth Yurichuk and Stephen J. Wilkinson were directors of a company subject to a Management Cease Trade Order for failure to file financial statements in a timely manner. The financial statements were filed and the Management Cease Trade Order was lifted.

 

There are no director’s services contracts with the Company providing for benefits upon termination of employment. Emgold and its subsidiaries have no compensatory plan or arrangement in respect of compensation received or that may be received by the directors of the Company in its most recently completed or current financial year to compensate such directors in the event of termination as director (resignation, retirement, change of control) or in the event of a change in control. There are no arrangements or understandings with any two or more directors or executive officers pursuant to which he was selected as a director or executive officer. Other than as disclosed herein, there is no compensation paid to outside directors other than stock-based compensation.

  56
   

 

The following information is provided with respect to the Company’s directors, and members of its administrative, supervisory or management body and includes the date of expiration of the current term of office and the period during which the person has served in that office.

 

Information on Current and Former Directors, Management, and Administrative Personnel

Name Position(s) with Company Term of Office/Period of Service
William J. Witte

Director

 

Director: June 1999 – Present, Executive Vice President: May 1999 - July 2002, President and CEO: July 2002 – July 2007
Sargent H. Berner Former Non-Executive Chairman Director: May 1991 – August 2013, Co-CEO: July 2007 – February 2009, Co-Executive Chairman: July 2007 – May 2010, CEO: February 2009 – May 2010. Non-Executive Chairman – May 2010 – August 2013
Stephen J. Wilkinson

Former Director

Chair, Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee

Director: June 2007 – June 2013
Robin A. W. Elliott Former Director Director: June 2006 – September 2009
Kenneth Yurichuk

Former Director

 

Director: June 2006 to December 2014, Co-CEO: July 2007 – February 2009, Co-Executive Chairman: July 2007 – May 2010, Chief Financial Officer: February 2009 – August 2012
Grant Smith Chief Financial Officer Chief Financial Officer:  September 2012 – Present
David Watkinson Director and President and Chief Executive Officer Director: October 2007 – Present, Vice-President Operations: June 2006 – July 2007, Chief Operating Officer: July 2007 – May 2010, President: October 2007 – Present; Chief Executive Officer: May 2010 - Present
Andrew MacRitchie

Director

Chair Audit Committee

Director: May 2012 - Present
Allen Leschert Director Director:  August 2013-Present, Non-Executive Chairman of the Board:  November 2013 - Present
Mary Davies Former Corporate Secretary Corporate Secretary: December 2009 – August 2012
Lisa Maxwell Corporate Secretary Corporate Secretary:  September 2012 – Present

 

Audit Committee

 

Andrew MacRitchie, William J. Witte, and Allen Leschert are currently the members of Emgold’s audit committee. The audit committee is appointed annually by the directors of Emgold at the first meeting of the board held after Emgold’s annual general meeting. The primary function of the audit committee is to review the financial statements of Emgold before they are submitted to the board for approval. The Committee is also available to assist the board if required with matters relating to the appointment of Emgold’s auditor and the overall scope and results of the audit, internal financial controls, and financial information for publication for various purposes.

 

Corporate Governance and Executive Compensation Committee

 

Members of the Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee are William Witte, Allen Leschert, and Andrew MacRitchie. The committee was formed for making recommendations to the board with respect to developments in the area of corporate governance, the practices of the board, and appropriate candidates for nomination to the board and for evaluating the performance of the board.

 

  57
   

 

D.Employees

 

At December 31, 2014, Emgold had 1 full time employees. Emgold Mining Corporation, the parent company, employs none of these employees. The employees are employed by Emgold’s subsidiary, Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation in California. Emgold and its subsidiaries also contract staff on an as-needed basis, but usually not more than one or two individuals on a periodic basis. Emgold Mining Corporation administrative functions are primarily provided through Clearline Accounting Services. (“Clearline”).

 

E.Share ownership

See Item 6A, “Directors and Senior Management”, for the number and percentage of shares of the Company held by each NEO.

 

The following table sets forth, as at December 31, 2014, all stock options held by the directors and members of senior management of the Company, including the title and amount of securities called for by the options, the exercise price and expiration date of the options.

 

Stock Options Held by Directors and Senior Management as at December 31, 2014

Name and Title of Option Holder Number of Shares Underlying Options Title of Class Exercise Price (Cdn$)
Expiry Date

William Witte,

Director

       
93,333 Common 0.25 March 17, 2015
100,000 Common 0.25 December 8, 2015
200,000 Common 0.15 May 7, 2017
350,000 Common 0.10 October 11, 2018
Subtotal 743,333      
Kenneth Yurichuk
Director
       
93,333 Common 0.25 March 17, 2015
100,000 Common 0.25 December 8, 2015
200,000 Common 0.15 May 7, 2017
350,000 Common 0.10 October 11, 2018
Subtotal 743,333      
David Watkinson
President and Chief Executive Officer, Director
       
93,333 Common 0.25 March 17, 2015
600,000 Common 0.25 December 8, 2015
750,000 Common 0.15 May 7, 2017
350,000 Common 0.10 October 11, 2018
Subtotal 2,413,333      

Andrew MacRitchie

Director

       
200,000 Common 0.15 May 7 2017
350,000 Common 0.10 October 11, 2018
Subtotal 550,000      

Allen Leschert

Director

       
350,000 Common 0.10 October 11, 2018
Subtotal 350,000      

Grant Smith

Chief Financial Officer

       
350,000 Common 0.10 October 11, 2018
Subtotal 350,000      

TOTAL
5,169,999
Common
   

 

  58
   

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

A.Major Shareholders

 

The Company is a publicly owned corporation, incorporated in the province of British Columbia, the shares of which are owned by residents of the United States, residents of Canada and other foreign residents. To the extent known by the directors and executive officers of the Company, the Company is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by any corporation, government, or other natural or legal person or persons, severally or jointly. To the extent known by the directors and executive officers of the Company, as at the date of this report, the holders of 5% or more of the common shares of Emgold are as follows:

 

-Rawhide Mining Company LLC, holding approximately 17,343,000 common shares, or 22%, as at April 25, 2015. As at December 31, 2014, holdings were approximately 12,343,000 common shares.
-Gerbino Gold Group LLC, holding approximately 9,215,013 common shares, or 11.8%, as at April 25, 2015.

 

All shareholders, including major and/or controlling shareholders have the same voting rights with respect to the issued common shares.

 

Emgold’s securities are recorded on the books of its transfer agent in registered form, however, the majority of such shares are registered in the name of intermediaries such as brokerage houses and clearing houses on behalf of their respective brokerage clients, and Emgold does not have knowledge of or access to information about the beneficial owners thereof. To the best of its knowledge, Emgold is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by a corporation or foreign government. As of December 31, 2014, Emgold had authorized an unlimited number of common shares without par value of which 77,823,462 (2013 – 72,587,462) were issued and outstanding.

 

As of April 25, 2015, there were 101 registered shareholders of record holding a total of 77,823,462 common shares of Emgold. To the best of Emgold’s knowledge there were 53 registered shareholders of record with registered addresses in Canada, 45 shareholders of record with registered addresses in the United States and 3 shareholders of record with a registered address in other countries holding approximately 51,324,888 (66%), 25,008,574 (32%) and 1,490,000 (2%) of the outstanding common shares, respectively. Shares registered in intermediaries are assumed to be held by residents of the same country in which the clearing-house was located.

 

To the best of the Company’s knowledge, there are no arrangements in place the operation of which may result in a change of control of the Company.

 

B.Related Party Transactions

 

No director or senior officer, and no associate or affiliate of the foregoing persons, and no insider has or has had any material interest, direct or indirect, in any transactions, or in any other proposed transaction between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013, except as noted below.

Related Party Transactions

Name and Principal Position

Remuneration

or fees(1)

Share-based

awards(2)

CEO and President - management fees $   92,500 NIL
A company of which the CFO is a director (3) – management fees 36,000 NIL
A company of which the CFO is a director (3) – accounting 13,325 NIL
Directors NIL NIL

Notes:

(1)Amounts disclosed were paid or accrued to the related party.
(2)The term “share-based awards” conforms to the presentation in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements. As disclosed in Item 6 of this report, these are option-based awards.
(3)A company of which the CFO, Grant T. Smith, is a director.

 

At December 31, 2014, fees of $572,314 (2013 – $528,213) were payable to David Watkinson; fees of $55,767
(2013 –$22,789) were payable to Clearline; and fees of $Nil (2013 – $27,286) were payable to 759924 Ontario Ltd. All amounts were included in accounts payable or due to related parties.

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During December 31, 2014, the Company recognized a recovery of $47,988 from settlement of an amount payable to the CEO for living allowances.

 

The Company implemented a new internal policy during the December 31, 2013 year-end resulting in the write-off of $54,557 of vacation that was accrued to the CEO of the Company.

 

Also during the December 31, 2013 year-end, the Company recognized a bad debt expense due to the write-off of accounts receivable from a former director in the amount of $12,756.

 

Related party balances are non-interest bearing and are due on demand, with no fixed terms of repayment. These transactions occurred in the normal course of operations and are measured at their exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties.

 

C.Interests of Experts and Counsel

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 8.FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

A.Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

 

See Item 18, “Financial Statements”. The consolidated financial statements as required are attached as an exhibit and are found immediately following the text of this Annual Report. The audit reports of MNP LLP and MSCM LLP, independent Chartered Accountants, are included immediately preceding the consolidated financial statements that they audited.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

Emgold is not involved in any litigation or legal proceedings, and to Emgold’s knowledge no material legal proceedings involving Emgold or any of its subsidiaries are presently anticipated to be initiated.

 

Dividend Policy

 

Emgold has not paid any dividends on its outstanding common shares since its incorporation and does not anticipate that it will do so in the foreseeable future. All funds of Emgold are being retained for exploration and development of its projects.

 

B.Significant Changes

 

There are no significant changes of financial conditions since the most recent audited financial statements included within this Annual Report.

 

ITEM 9.THE OFFER AND LISTING

 

A.Offer and listing details

 

Trading Markets

 

The table below lists the high and low prices for common shares of the Company for the past five years and for the current fiscal year to April 17, 2014.

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EMR Annual Share Price Range – Last 5 Years

(source – TMX website, Cdn$)

Year High Low
  (Cdn$) (Cdn$)
2015 (to April 24, 2015) 0.030 0.020
2014 0.040 0.020
2013 0.080 0.020
2012 0.120 0.045
2011 0.290 0.075
2010 0.420 0.230

 

EMR Quarterly Share Price – Last 3 Years

(source – TMX website, Cdn$)

Quarter

High

(Cdn$)

Low

(Cdn$)

Calendar 2015    
First Quarter 0.030 0.020
Second Quarter (to April 24, 2015) 0.020 0.020
     
Calendar 2014    
First Quarter 0.035 0.025
Second Quarter 0.040 0.020
Third Quarter 0.030 0.020
Fourth Quarter 0.030 0.020
     
Calendar 2013    
First Quarter 0.080 0.040
Second Quarter 0.050 0.020
Third Quarter 0.050 0.025
Fourth Quarter 0.040 0.205
     
Calendar 2012    
First Quarter 0.120 0.085
Second Quarter 0.100 0.050
Third Quarter 0.110 0.060
Fourth Quarter 0.075 0.045
     

 

The high, low and closing price of the Company’s common stock on April 24, 2015, was Cdn$0.000. The Company’s common stock is issued in registered form.

 

B.Plan of Distribution

 

Not applicable.

 

C.Markets

 

The shares of Emgold have traded in Canada on the TSX Venture Exchange (formerly the Canadian Venture Exchange and successor, by merger, to the Vancouver Stock Exchange and the Alberta Stock Exchange) since August 31, 1989 (symbol-EMR).

 

D.Selling Shareholders

 

Not applicable.

 

E.Dilution

 

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Not applicable.

 

F.Expenses of the Issue

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 10.ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

A.Share Capital

 

Not applicable.

 

B.Memorandum and Articles of Association

 

Emgold’s corporate constituting documents comprising Articles of Association and Memorandum are registered with the British Columbia Registrar of Companies under Corporation No. 361869. The Company was continued under the Business Corporations Act in British Columbia in June 2005. A copy of the Notice of Article and Articles have been filed as an exhibit to filings in prior periods.

 

Objects and Purposes

 

Emgold’s Articles do not specify objects or purposes. Under British Columbia law, a British Columbia corporation has all the legal powers of a natural person. British Columbia corporations may not undertake certain limited business activities such as operating as a trust company or railroad without alterations to its form of articles and specific government consent.

 

Directors – Powers and Limitations

 

Emgold’s articles do not specify a maximum number of directors (the minimum under British Columbia law for a public company is three). Shareholders at the annual shareholders meeting determine the number of directors annually and all directors are elected at that time. There are no staggered directorships. Under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act (“BCA”) directors are obligated to abstain from voting on matters in which they may be financially interested after fully disclosing such interest. Directors’ compensation is not a matter on which they must abstain. Directors must be of the age of majority (18), and meet eligibility criteria including not being mentally infirm, not having any undischarged bankruptcies and having no fraud related convictions in the previous five years. There is no mandatory retirement age either under Emgold’s Articles or under the BCA.

 

Directors’ borrowing powers are not generally restricted where the borrowing is in Emgold’s best interests, but the directors may not authorize Emgold to provide financial assistance for any reason where Emgold is insolvent or the providing of the guarantee would render it insolvent. Directors need not own any shares of Emgold in order to qualify as directors.

 

The Articles specify the number of directors shall be the number of directors fixed by shareholders annually, or the number that are actually elected at a general shareholders meeting. Shareholders at the annual shareholders’ meeting determine the number of directors annually and all directors are elected at that time. Under the Articles the directors are entitled between successive annual general meetings to appoint one or more additional directors but not more than one-third of the number of directors fixed at a shareholders meeting or actually elected at the preceding annual shareholders’ meeting. Directors automatically retire at the commencement of each annual meeting but may be re-elected thereat.

 

Under the Articles, a director who is in any way directly or indirectly interested in a proposed contract or transaction, or who holds any office or possesses any property whereby directly or indirectly a duty might be created which would conflict with his duty or interest as a director, shall declare the nature and extent of such interest in such contract or transaction. A director shall not vote in respect of any such contract or transaction and if he should vote, his vote shall not be counted, but he may be counted in the quorum present at the meeting. Similarly, under the BCA directors are obligated to abstain from voting on matters in which they may be financially interested after fully disclosing such interest.

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Descriptions of rights, preferences and restrictions attaching to each class of shares

Common Shares

Emgold has authorized an unlimited number of common shares without par value. All common shares rank pari passu for the payment of dividends and distributions in the event of wind-up.

 

Some of the significant provisions under British Columbia law and Emgold’s Articles relating to the common shares may be summarized as follows:

 

Capital Increases and Other Changes

Authorized capital increases as well as other changes to the constituting documents require the approval of the majority of votes of shareholders at a duly convened meeting.

 

Certain changes such as amalgamations, re-domiciling, and creation of new classes of shares may also give rise to dissent rights (the right to be paid the “fair value” for their shares in cash if the matter is proceeded with).

Shares Fully Paid

All Emgold shares must, by applicable law, be issued as fully paid for cash, property or services. They are, therefore, non-assessable and not subject to further calls for payment.

 

Pre-emptive Rights

There are no pre-emptive rights applicable to Emgold which provide a right to any person to participate in offerings of Emgold’s securities

 

Liquidation

All common shares of Emgold participate rateably in any available assets in the event of a winding up or other liquidation, subject to the prior rights of First Preference Shares.

 

No Limitation on Foreign Ownership

There are no limitations under Emgold’s Articles or in the BCA on the right of persons who are not residents of Canada or foreign shareholders to hold or vote common shares. (See also “Exchange Controls”)

 

Dividends

Dividends may be declared by the Board out of available assets and are paid rateably to holders of common shares. No dividend may be paid if Emgold is, or would thereby become, insolvent.

 

Voting Rights

Each Emgold common share is entitled to one vote on matters to which common shares ordinarily vote including the election of directors, appointment of auditors and approval of corporate changes. There are no cumulative voting rights applicable to Emgold. At an annual meeting of shareholders, subject to the BCA, general meeting resolutions are decided by a show of hands, or upon request, by a poll. A simple majority is required to pass an ordinary resolution.

 

Shareholder Meetings

Shareholders’ meetings are governed by the Articles of Emgold but many important shareholder protections are also contained in the Securities Act (British Columbia) and the BCA. The Articles provide that Emgold will hold an annual shareholders’ meeting, will provide at least 21 days’ notice and will provide for certain procedural matters and rules of order with respect to the conduct of the meeting. The Securities Act (British Columbia) and the BCA superimpose requirements that generally provide that shareholder’ meetings require not less than a 60 day notice period from initial public notice and that Emgold makes a thorough advanced search of intermediary and brokerage registered shareholdings to facilitate communication with beneficial shareholders so that meeting proxy and information materials can be sent via the brokerages to unregistered but beneficial shareholders. The form and content of information circulars and proxies and like matters are governed by the Securities Act (British Columbia) and the BCA. This legislation specifies the disclosure requirements for the proxy materials and various corporate actions, background information on the nominees for election for director, executive compensation paid in the previous year and full details of any unusual matters or related party transactions. Emgold must hold an annual shareholders meeting open to all shareholders for personal attendance or by proxy at each shareholder’s determination. The meeting must be held within 15 months of the previous annual shareholders’ meeting. A quorum for a shareholders’ meeting is two members or proxy holders present.

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On October 18, 2013, Emgold adopted an Advance Notice Policy for future shareholder meetings. This was approved by Shareholders at the AGM on 27 November, 2013. The purpose of the Policy is to provide shareholders, directors and management of the Company with a clear framework for nominating directors of the Company. The Company is committed to: (i) facilitating an orderly and efficient annual general or, where the need arises, special meeting, process; (ii) ensuring that all shareholders receive adequate notice of the director nominations and sufficient information regarding all director nominees; and (iii) allowing shareholders to register an informed vote after having been afforded reasonable time for appropriate deliberation. The Policy is intended to further these objectives.


The Policy, among other things, includes a provision that requires advance notice to the Company in certain circumstances where nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors are made by shareholders of the Company. The Policy fixes a deadline by which director nominations must be submitted to the Company prior to any annual or special meeting of shareholders and sets forth the information that must be included in the notice to the Company. No person will be eligible for election as a director of the Company unless nominated in accordance with the Policy.


In the case of an annual meeting of shareholders, notice to the Company must be made not less than 30 days and not more than 65 days prior to the date of the annual meeting; provided, however, that, in the event that the annual meeting is to be held on a date that is less than 50 days after the date on which the first public announcement of the date of the annual meeting was made, notice may be made not later than the close of business on the 10th day following such public announcement.


In the case of a special meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing directors (whether or not called for other purposes), notice to the Company must be made not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the day on which the first public announcement of the date of the special meeting was made.

 

Change in Control

Emgold has not implemented any shareholders’ rights or other “poison pill” protection against possible take-overs. Emgold does not have any agreements, which are triggered by a take-over or other change of control. There are no provisions in its articles triggered by or affected by a change in outstanding shares which gives rise to a change in control. There are no provisions in Emgold’s material agreements giving special rights to any person on a change of control.

 

Insider Share Ownership Reporting

The articles of Emgold do not require disclosure of share ownership. Share ownership of director nominees must be reported annually in proxy materials sent to Emgold’s shareholders. There are no requirements under British Columbia corporate law to report ownership of shares of Emgold but the Securities Act (British Columbia) requires disclosure of trading by insiders (generally officers, directors and holders of 10% of voting shares) within 10 days of the trade. Controlling shareholders (generally those in excess of 20% of outstanding shares) must provide seven days advance notice of share sales.

 

Securities Act (British Columbia)

This statute applies to Emgold and governs matters typically pertaining to public securities such as continuous quarterly financial reporting, immediate disclosure of material changes, insider trade reporting, take-over protections to ensure fair and equal treatment of all shareholders, exemption and resale rules pertaining to non-prospectus securities issuances as well as civil liability for certain misrepresentations, disciplinary, appeal and discretionary ruling maters. All Emgold shareholders regardless of residence have equal rights under this legislation.

 

Future Capital Calls

The directors of the Company do not have any liability for future capital calls.

 

Preference Shares

Emgold has authorized an unlimited number of preference shares without par value of which none are outstanding as at December 31, 2013.

 

C.Material contracts

 

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The following is a summary of each material contract, other than contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, to which Emgold or any member of the Emgold group is a party, for the two years preceding the date of this document.

 

1.A five-year lease (as amended) initially had a term ending on May 31, 2007, with the owners of the Idaho-Maryland Mine at lease payments of $25,500 quarterly on February, May, August and November 1st. The owners granted to the Company the exclusive right and option to purchase all of the leased properties and mineral rights owned by the BET Group. The mineral rights were subject to a 3% net smelter royalty from production if the properties and mineral rights were still being leased. Any royalty payments made prior to exercising the purchase option may be deducted from the purchase price. In February 2007, for a one-time payment of $75,000, the Company negotiated an extension to the initial amended lease (First Extension), whereby the exercise date was extended to December 31, 2008. The Company agreed to a quarterly lease payment of $75,000 beginning on May 1, 2007, and continuing for the term of the revised lease. The Company further amended the mining lease and option to purchase as follows: the payments, commencing on February 1, 2009, were reduced to $30,000 per quarter during fiscal 2009. Commencing with the February 1, 2010, payment, quarterly payments are to be $60,000 through to the end of the extended term, which is February 1, 2011. All other conditions of the original agreement, including the option purchase price and NSR remain unchanged. The quarterly lease payments are being expensed in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as holding costs, but are accrued and have not been paid due to the financial constraints of the Company.

 

On 1 February 2011, the Company extended its lease and option to purchase agreement on the BET Group for an additional two years to February 1, 2013. All lease payments related to the agreement are current as at December 31, 2012. Payments for the extension period will be $30,000 per quarter. Fifty per cent of the quarterly payments for 2010 were deferred, lowering the quarterly payments from $60,000 to $30,000 per quarter. The deferred balance of $120,000, subject to an interest rate of 5.25%, will be added to the purchase price of the properties and mineral rights, the first purchase payment being due February 1, 2013, if the option to purchase is exercised. The Company is currently in discussions with the BET Trust to extend and/or negotiate a new agreement, which would cover the lease and option to purchase of approximately 2,750 acres of mineral rights and 91 acres of surface rights associated with the Project.

 

D.Exchange controls

 

The Company is not aware of any Canadian federal or provincial laws, decrees or regulations that restrict the export or import of capital, including foreign exchange controls, or that affect the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to a non-resident holder of Common Shares, other than withholding tax requirements. Any such remittances to United States residents are generally subject to withholding tax, however no such remittances are likely in the foreseeable future. See “Taxation”, below.

 

There is no limitation imposed by the laws of Canada or by the charter or other constituent documents of Emgold on the right of a non-resident to hold or vote the Common Shares, other than as provided in the Investment Canada Act (the “Investment Act”). The following discussion summarizes the material features of the Investment Act for a non-resident who proposes to acquire the Common Shares. It is general only, it is not a substitute for independent advice from an investor’s own advisor, and it does not anticipate statutory or regulatory amendments. Emgold does not believe the Investment Act will have any effect on it or on its non-Canadian shareholders due to a number of factors including the nature of its operations and Emgold’s relatively small capitalization.

 

The Investment Act generally prohibits implementation of a “reviewable” investment by an individual, government or agency thereof, corporation, partnership, trust or joint venture (each an “entity”) that is not a “Canadian” as defined in the Investment Act (a “non-Canadian”), unless after review the Director of Investments appointed by the minister responsible for the Investment Act is satisfied that the investment is likely to be of net benefit to Canada. The size and nature of a proposed transaction may give rise to an obligation to notify the Director to seek an advance ruling. An investment in Emgold’s Common Shares by a non-Canadian other than a “WTO Investor” (as that term is defined in the Investment Act and which term includes entities which are nationals of or are controlled by nationals of member states of the World Trade Organization) when Emgold was not controlled by a WTO Investor, would be reviewable under the Investment Act if it was an investment to acquire control of Emgold and the value of the assets of Emgold, as determined in accordance with the regulations promulgated under the Investment Act, was over a certain figure, or if an order for review was made by the federal cabinet on the grounds that the investment related to Canada’s cultural heritage or national identity, regardless of the value of the assets of Emgold. An investment in the Common Shares by a WTO Investor, or by a non-Canadian when Emgold was controlled by a WTO Investor, would be reviewable under the Investment Act if it was an investment to acquire control of Emgold and the value of the assets of Emgold, as determined in accordance with the regulations promulgated under the Investment Act, was not less than a specified amount, which for 2013 is Cdn$344 million. A non-Canadian would acquire control of Emgold for the purposes of the Investment Act if the non-Canadian acquired a majority of the Common Shares. The acquisition of less than a majority but one-third or more of the Common Shares would be presumed to be an acquisition of control of Emgold unless it could be established that, on the acquisition, Emgold was not controlled in fact by the acquirer through the ownership of the Common Shares.

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The foregoing assumes Emgold will not engage in the production of uranium or own an interest in a producing uranium property in Canada, or provide any financial service or transportation service, as the rules governing these businesses are different.

 

Certain transactions relating to the Common Shares would be exempt from the Investment Act, including:

 

a)             an acquisition of the Common Shares by a person in the ordinary course of that person’s business as a trader or dealer in securities,

b)             an acquisition of control of Emgold in connection with the realization of security granted for a loan or other financial assistance and not for a purpose related to the provisions of the Investment Act, and

c)             an acquisition of control of Emgold by reason of an amalgamation, merger, consolidation or corporate reorganization following which the ultimate direct or indirect control in fact of Emgold, through the ownership of the Common Shares, remained unchanged.

 

E.Taxation

 

ALL PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ARE ADVISED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING THE COMMON SHARES OF THE COMPANY.

 

Material Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences for United States Residents

 

The following summarizes the material Canadian federal income tax consequences generally applicable to the holding and disposition of Common Shares by a holder (in this summary, a “U.S. Holder”) who, (a) for the purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the “Tax Act”), is not resident in Canada, deals at arm’s length with Emgold, holds the Common Shares as capital property and does not use or hold the Common Shares in the course of carrying on, or otherwise in connection with, a business in Canada, and (b) for the purposes of the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention, 1980 (the “Treaty”), is a resident solely of the United States, has never been a resident of Canada, and has not held or used (and does not hold or use) Common Shares in connection with a permanent establishment or fixed base in Canada. This summary does not apply to traders or dealers in securities, limited liability companies, tax-exempt entities, insurers, financial institutions (including those to which the mark-to-market provisions of the Tax Act apply), or any other U.S. Holder to which special considerations apply.

 

This summary is based on the current provisions of the Tax Act including all regulations thereunder, the Treaty, all proposed amendments to the Tax Act, the regulations and the Treaty publicly announced by the Government of Canada to the date hereof, and the current administrative practices of the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. It has been assumed that all currently proposed amendments will be enacted as proposed and that there will be no other relevant change in any governing law or administrative practice, although no assurances can be given in these respects. This summary does not take into account provincial, U.S., state or other foreign income tax law or practice. The tax consequences to any particular U.S. Holder will vary according to the status of that holder as an individual, trust, corporation, partnership or other entity, the jurisdictions in which that holder is subject to taxation, and generally according to that holder’s particular circumstances. Accordingly, this summary is not, and is not to be construed as, Canadian tax advice to any particular U.S. Holder.

 

Dividends

Dividends paid or deemed to be paid to a U.S. Holder by Emgold will be subject to Canadian withholding tax. Under the Treaty, the rate of withholding tax on dividends paid to a U.S. Holder is generally limited to 15% of the gross amount of the dividend (or 5% if the U.S. Holder is a corporation and beneficially owns at least 10% of Emgold’s voting shares). Emgold will be required to withhold the applicable withholding tax from any such dividend and remit it to the Canadian government for the U.S. Holder’s account.

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Disposition

A U.S. Holder is not subject to tax under the Tax Act in respect of a capital gain realized on the disposition of a Common Share in the open market unless the share is “taxable Canadian property” to the holder thereof and the U.S. Holder is not entitled to relief under the Treaty. A Common Share will be taxable Canadian property to a U.S. Holder if, at any time during the 60 months preceding the disposition, the U.S. Holder or persons with whom the U.S. Holder did not deal at arm’s length alone or together owned, or had rights to acquire, 25% or more of Emgold’s issued shares of any class or series. If the shares of Emgold constitute taxable Canadian property to the holder, the holder may be subject to Canadian income tax on the gain. The taxpayer’s taxable capital gain or loss from a disposition of the share is the amount, if any, by which the proceeds of disposition exceed (or are exceeded by) the aggregate of the adjusted cost base and reasonable expenses of disposition. One-half of the capital gain is included in income and one-half of the capital loss is deductible from capital gains realized in the same year. Unused capital losses may be carried back three taxation years or forward indefinitely and applied to reduce capital gains realized in those years. It should be noted that Canada requires a withholding tax on the gross proceeds of a sale of taxable Canadian property by a non-resident. The withholding tax may be reduced on completion of a Clearance Certificate Request. If the disposition of the share is subject to tax in Canada, the non-resident must also file a Canadian income tax return reporting the disposition.

 

A U.S. Holder whose Common Shares do constitute taxable Canadian property, and who might therefore be liable for Canadian income tax under the Tax Act, will generally be relieved from such liability under the Treaty unless the value of such shares at the time of disposition is derived principally from real property situated in Canada. The value of Emgold’s common shares is not currently derived principally from real property situated in Canada.

 

United States Tax Consequences

 

United States Federal Income Tax Consequences

 

NOTHING CONTAINED IN THIS SUMMARY CONTAINING ANY U.S. FEDERAL TAX ISSUE IS INTENDED OR WRITTEN TO BE USED, AND IT CANNOT BE USED FOR THE PURPOSE OF AVOIDING U.S. TAX PENALTIES UNDER THE CODE.

 

The following is a discussion of material United States federal income tax consequences, under current law, generally applicable to a U.S. Holder (as hereinafter defined) of common shares of Emgold. This discussion does not address all potentially relevant federal income tax matters and it does not address consequences peculiar to persons subject to special provisions of federal income tax law, such as those described below as excluded from the definition of a U.S. Holder. In addition, this discussion does not cover any state, local or foreign tax consequences. (see “Taxation – Material Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences for United States Residents” above) for Canadian tax consequences. Accordingly, we strongly recommend that holders and prospective holders of common shares of Emgold consult their own tax advisors about the specific federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences to them of purchasing, owning and disposing of common shares of Emgold, based upon their individual circumstances.

 

The following discussion is based upon the sections of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury Regulations, published Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) rulings, published administrative positions of the IRS and court decisions that are currently applicable, any or all of which could be materially and adversely changed, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time and which are subject to differing interpretations. This discussion does not consider the potential effects, both adverse and beneficial, of any proposed legislation, which, if enacted, could be applied, possibly on a retroactive basis, at any time.

 

U.S. Holders

As used herein, a “U.S. Holder” means a holder of common shares of Emgold who is a citizen or individual resident of the United States, a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, an estate whose income is taxable in the United States irrespective of source or a trust subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and control of a United States fiduciary as described Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code. This summary does not address the tax consequences to, and U.S. Holder does not include, persons subject to specific provisions of federal income tax law, such as tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts and other tax-deferred accounts, financial institutions, insurance companies, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, broker-dealers, non-resident alien individuals, persons or entities that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar, shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, shareholders who hold common shares as part of a straddle, hedging or conversion transaction, and shareholders who acquired their common shares through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation for services. This summary is limited to U.S. Holders who own common shares as capital assets, within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code, and who own (directly and indirectly, pursuant to applicable rules of constructive ownership) no more than 5% of the value of the total outstanding stock of Emgold. This summary does not address the consequences to a person or entity holding an interest in a shareholder or the consequences to a person of the ownership, exercise or disposition of any options, warrants or other rights to acquire common shares. In addition, this summary does not address special rules applicable to persons holding common shares through a partnership.

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Distribution on Common Shares of Emgold

Subject to the rules discussed under “Passive Foreign Investment Company” below, in general, U.S. Holders receiving dividend distributions (including constructive dividends) with respect to common shares of Emgold are required to include in gross income for United States federal income tax purposes the gross amount of such distributions, equal to the U.S. dollar value of such distributions on the date of receipt (based on the exchange rate on such date), to the extent that Emgold has current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under United States federal income tax principles), without reduction for any Canadian income tax withheld from such distributions. Such Canadian tax withheld may be credited, subject to certain limitations, against the U.S. Holder’s federal income tax liability or, alternatively, may be deducted in computing the U.S. Holder’s federal taxable income by those who itemize deductions. (See more detailed discussion at “Foreign Tax Credit” below). To the extent that distributions exceed current and accumulated earnings and profits of Emgold, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to the U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in the common shares and thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of property. Preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains are applicable to a U.S. Holder, which is an individual, estate or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains for a U.S. Holder, which is a corporation.

 

In the case of foreign currency received as a dividend that is not converted by the recipient into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Generally any gain or loss recognized upon a subsequent sale or other disposition of the foreign currency, including the exchange for U.S. dollars, will be ordinary income or loss. However, an individual whose realized gain does not exceed $200 will not recognize that gain, provided that there are no expenses associated with the transaction that meet the requirements for deductibility as a trade or business expense (other than travel expenses in connection with a business trip) or as an expense for the production of income.

 

Under current Treasury Regulations, dividends paid on Emgold’s common shares, if any, generally will not be subject to information reporting and generally will not be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax. However, dividends and the proceeds from a sale of Emgold’s common shares paid in the U.S. through a U.S. or U.S. related paying agent (including a broker) will be subject to U.S. information reporting requirements and may also be subject to the 28% U.S. backup withholding tax, unless the paying agent is furnished with a duly completed and signed Form W-9. Any amounts withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.

 

Foreign Tax Credit

A U.S. Holder who pays (or has withheld from distributions) Canadian income tax with respect to the ownership of common shares of Emgold may be entitled, at the option of the U.S. Holder, to either receive a deduction or a tax credit for such foreign tax paid or withheld. Generally, it will be more advantageous to claim a credit because a credit reduces United States federal income taxes on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction merely reduces the taxpayer’s income subject to tax. This election is made on a year-by-year basis and generally applies to all foreign taxes paid by (or withheld from) the U.S. Holder during that year. There are significant and complex limitations which apply to the credit; among which is the general limitation that the credit cannot exceed the proportionate share of the U.S. Holder’s United States income tax liability that the U.S. Holder’s foreign source income bears to his or its worldwide taxable income. In the determination of the application of this limitation, the various items of income and deduction must be classified into foreign and domestic sources. Complex rules govern this classification process. In addition, this limitation is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income such as “passive category income”, and “general category income.” Dividends distributed by Emgold will generally constitute “passive category income” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, “general category income” for these purposes. The availability of the foreign tax credit and the application of the limitations on the credit are fact specific, and U.S. Holders of common shares of Emgold should consult their own tax advisors regarding their individual circumstances.

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Disposition of Common Shares of Emgold

Subject to the rules discussed under “Passive Foreign Investment Company” below, in general, U.S. Holders will recognize gain or loss upon the sale of common shares of Emgold equal to the difference, if any, between (i) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received, and (ii) the shareholder’s tax basis in the common shares of Emgold. Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains of U.S. Holders, which are individuals, estates or trusts. In general, gain or loss on the sale of common shares of Emgold will be long-term capital gain or loss if the common shares are a capital asset in the hands of the U.S. Holder and are held for more than one year. Deductions for net capital losses are subject to significant limitations. For U.S. Holders, which are not corporations, any unused portion of such net capital loss may be carried over to be used in later tax years until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.

 

For U.S. Holders that are corporations (other than corporations subject to Subchapter S of the Code), an unused net capital loss may be carried back three years and carried forward five years from the loss year to be offset against capital gains until such net capital loss is thereby exhausted.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Company

United States income tax law contains rules governing “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFIC”) which can have significant tax effects on U.S. Holders of foreign corporations. These rules do not apply to non-U.S. Holders. Section 1297 of the Code defines a PFIC as a corporation that is not formed in the United States if, for any taxable year, either (i) 75% or more of its gross income is “passive income,” which includes interest, dividends and certain rents and royalties or (ii) the average percentage, by fair market value (or, if the corporation is not publicly traded and either is a controlled foreign corporation or makes an election, by adjusted tax basis), of its assets that produce or are held for the production of “passive income” is 50% or more. Emgold PFIC status has not been assessed for years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, or 2010. However Emgold appears to have been a PFIC for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and at least certain prior fiscal years. In addition, Emgold may qualify as a PFIC in future fiscal years. We strongly recommend that each U.S. Holder consult a tax advisor with respect to how the PFIC rules affect such U.S. Holder’s tax situation.

 

Each U.S. Holder who holds stock in a foreign corporation during any year in which such corporation qualifies as a PFIC is subject to United States federal income taxation under one of three alternative tax regimes at the election of such U.S. Holder. The following is a discussion of such alternative tax regimes applied to such U.S. Holders of Emgold.

 

A U.S. Holder who elects to treat Emgold as a qualified electing fund (“QEF”) will be subject, under Section 1293 of the Code, to current federal income tax for any taxable year to which the election applies in which Emgold qualifies as a PFIC on his pro rata share of Emgold’s (i) “net capital gain” (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), which will be taxed as long-term capital gain, and (ii) “ordinary earnings” (the excess of earnings and profits over net capital gain), which will be taxed as ordinary income, in each case, for the shareholder’s taxable year in which (or with which) Emgold’s taxable year ends, regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common shares will be increased by any such amount that is included in income but not distributed.

 

The procedure a U.S. Holder must comply with in making an effective QEF election, and the consequences of such election, will depend on whether the year of the election is the first year in the U.S. Holder’s holding period in which Emgold is a PFIC. If the U.S. Holder makes a QEF election in such first year, i.e., a “timely” QEF election, then the U.S. Holder may make the QEF election by simply filing the appropriate documents at the time the U.S. Holder files his tax return for such first year. If, however, Emgold qualified as a PFIC in a prior year during the U.S. Holder’s holding period, then, in order to avoid the Section 1291 rules discussed below, in addition to filing documents, the U.S. Holder must elect to recognize under the rules of Section 1291 of the Code (discussed herein), any gain that he would otherwise recognize if the U.S. Holder sold his stock on the qualification date. The qualification date is the first day of Emgold’s first tax year in which Emgold qualified as a QEF with respect to such U.S. Holder. For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. Holder who makes (i) a timely QEF election, or (ii) an untimely QEF election and the above-described gain-recognition election under Section 1291 is referred to herein as an “Electing U.S. Holder.” A U.S. Holder who holds common shares at any time during a year of Emgold in which Emgold is a PFIC and who is not an Electing U.S. Holder (including a U.S. Holder who makes an untimely QEF election and does not make the above-described gain-recognition election) is referred to herein as a “Non-Electing U.S. Holder.” An Electing U.S. Holder (i) generally treats any gain realized on the disposition of his Emgold common shares as capital gain; and (ii) may either avoid interest charges resulting from PFIC status altogether, or make an annual election, subject to certain limitations, to defer payment of current taxes on his share of Emgold’s annual realized net capital gain and ordinary earnings subject, however, to an interest charge. If the U.S. Holder is not a corporation, any interest charge imposed under the PFIC regime would be treated as “personal interest” that is not deductible.

  69
   

 

In order for a U.S. Holder to make (or maintain) a valid QEF election, Emgold must provide certain information regarding its net capital gains and ordinary earnings and permit its books and records to be examined to verify such information. Emgold intends to make the necessary information available to U.S. Holders to permit them to make (and maintain) QEF elections with respect to Emgold. We strongly recommend that each prospective U.S. Holder consult a tax advisor regarding the availability of, and procedure for making, the QEF election.

 

A QEF election, once made with respect to Emgold, applies to the tax year for which it was made and to all subsequent tax years, unless the election is invalidated or terminated, or the IRS consents to revocation of the election. If a U.S. Holder makes a QEF election and Emgold ceases to qualify as a PFIC in a subsequent tax year, the QEF election will remain in effect, although not applicable, during those tax years in which Emgold does not qualify as a PFIC. Therefore, if Emgold again qualifies as a PFIC in a subsequent tax year, the QEF election will be effective and the U.S. Holder will be subject to the rules described above for Electing U.S. Holders in such tax year and any subsequent tax years in which Emgold qualifies as a PFIC. In addition, the QEF election remains in effect, although not applicable, with respect to an Electing U.S. Holder even after such U.S. Holder disposes of all of his or its direct and indirect interest in the shares of Emgold. Therefore, if such U.S. Holder reacquires an interest in Emgold, that U.S. Holder will be subject to the rules described above for Electing U.S. Holders for each tax year in which Emgold qualifies as a PFIC.

 

In the case of a Non-Electing U.S. Holder, special taxation rules under Section 1291 of the Code will apply to (i) gains realized on the disposition (or deemed to be realized by reasons of a pledge) of his Emgold common shares and (ii) certain “excess distributions,” as defined in Section 1291(b), by Emgold.

 

A Non-Electing U.S. Holder generally would be required to pro rate all gains realized on the disposition of his Emgold common shares and all excess distributions on his Emgold common shares over the entire holding period for the common shares. All gains or excess distributions allocated to prior years of the U.S. Holder (excluding any portion of the holder’s period prior to the first day of the first year of Emgold (i) which began after December 31, 1986, and (ii) for which Emgold was a PFIC) would be taxed at the highest tax rate for each such prior year applicable to ordinary income. The Non-Electing U.S. Holder also would be liable for interest on the foregoing tax liability for each such prior year calculated as if such liability had been due with respect to each such prior year. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder that is not a corporation must treat this interest charge as “personal interest” which, as discussed above, is wholly non-deductible. The balance, if any, of the gain or the excess distribution will be treated as ordinary income in the year of the disposition or distribution, and no interest charge will be incurred with respect to such balance. In certain circumstances, the sum of the tax and the PFIC interest charge may exceed the amount of the excess distribution received, or the amount of proceeds of disposition realized, by the U.S. Holder.

 

If Emgold is a PFIC for any taxable year during which a Non-Electing U.S. Holder holds Emgold common shares, then Emgold will continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such Registrant common shares, even if it is no longer definitionally a PFIC. A Non-Electing U.S. Holder may terminate this deemed PFIC status by electing to recognize gain (which will be taxed under the rules discussed above for Non-Electing U.S. Holders) as if such Emgold common shares had been sold on the last day of the last taxable year for which it was a PFIC.

 

Effective for tax years of U.S. Holders beginning after December 31, 1997, U.S. Holders who hold (actually or constructively) marketable stock of a foreign corporation that qualifies as a PFIC may elect to mark such stock to the market annually (a “mark-to-market election”). If such an election is made, such U.S. Holder will generally not be subject to the special taxation rules of Section 1291 discussed above. However, if a Non-Electing U.S. Holder makes the mark-to-market election after the beginning of the holding period for the PFIC stock, then the Section 1291 rules will apply to certain dispositions of, distributions on and other amounts taxable with respect to Emgold common shares. A U.S. Holder who makes the mark-to market election will include in income for each taxable year for which the election is in effect an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares of Emgold as of the close of such tax year over such U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in such common shares. In addition, the U.S. Holder is allowed a deduction for the lesser of (i) the excess, if any, of such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares over the fair market value of such shares as of the close of the tax year, or (ii) the excess, if any, of (A) the mark-to-market gains for the common shares in Emgold included by such U.S. Holder for prior tax years, including any amount which would have been treated as a mark-to-market gain for any prior tax year but for the Section 1291 rules discussed above with respect to Non-Electing U.S. Holders, over (B) the mark-to-market losses for shares that were allowed as deductions for prior tax years. A U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares of Emgold will be adjusted to reflect the amount included in or deducted from income as a result of a mark-to-market election. A mark-to-market election applies to the taxable year in which the election is made and to each subsequent taxable year, unless Emgold common shares cease to be marketable, as specifically defined, or the IRS consents to revocation of the election. A U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election by filing IRS Form 8621. No view is expressed regarding whether common shares of Emgold are marketable for these purposes or whether the election will be available.

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Under Section 1291(f) of the Code, the IRS has issued Proposed Treasury Regulations that, subject to certain exceptions, would treat as taxable certain transfers of PFIC stock by Non-Electing U.S. Holders that are generally not otherwise taxed, such as gifts, exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations, and transfers at death. Generally, in such cases the basis of Emgold common shares in the hands of the transferee and the basis of any property received in the exchange for those common shares would be increased by the amount of gain recognized. Under the Proposed Treasury Regulations, an Electing U.S. Holder would not be taxed on certain transfers of PFIC stock, such as gifts, exchanges pursuant to corporate reorganizations, and transfers at death. The transferee’s basis in this case will depend on the manner of the transfer. In the case of a transfer by an Electing U.S. Holder upon death, for example, the transferee’s basis is generally equal to the fair market value of the Electing U.S. Holder’s common shares as of the date of death under Section 1014 of the Code. The specific tax effect to the U.S. Holder and the transferee may vary based on the manner in which the common shares are transferred. We strongly recommend that each prospective U.S. Holder of Emgold consult a tax advisor with respect to how the PFIC rules affect his or its tax situation.

 

Certain special, generally adverse, rules will apply with respect to Emgold common shares while Emgold is a PFIC unless the U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election. For example under Section 1298(b)(6) of the Code, a U.S. Holder who uses PFIC stock as security for a loan (including a margin loan) will, except as may be provided in regulations, be treated as having made a taxable disposition of such shares.

 

F.Dividends and Paying Agents

 

Not applicable.

 

G.Statement By Experts

 

Not applicable.

 

H.Documents on Display

 

Exhibits attached to this Form 20-F are also available for viewing at the offices of Emgold, Suite 1400, 570 Granville Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3P1 or on request of Emgold at 604-687-4622. Copies of Emgold’s financial statements and other continuous disclosure documents required under the British Columbia Securities Act are available for viewing on the Internet at www.SEDAR.com.

 

I.Subsidiary Information

 

Not applicable.

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ITEM 11.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

A. Quantitative Information About Market Risk

 

As at December 31, 2013, the Company has the following foreign denominated balances, which are recorded at the U.S. dollar amount and are subject to foreign exchange risk:

 

Foreign Denominated Balances (Rounded ‘000’s)

  Canadian currency amount

 

U.S. currency amount

Cash 9,000 18,000
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (138,000) (623,000)

 

B. Qualitative Information About Market Risk

 

Transaction Risk and Currency Risk Management

 

Emgold’s current operations do not employ financial instruments or derivatives. Currently the Company has no long-term debt or source of revenue as the Company is in the resource exploration and early development stage on its mineral property interests.

 

Exchange Rate Sensitivity

 

The majority of Emgold’s operations are in the United States, but its administrative operations are in Canada. The Company is affected by exchange rate risk, as the equity financings by the Company to date have been denominated primarily in Canadian dollars. Excess cash is invested primarily in United States dollar denominated investments and may be affected by exchange rate risk for Canadian dollar expenditures. In future, it will be necessary to do further equity or other forms of financing. The funds may be received in either Canadian or U.S. dollars. Funds received in U.S. dollars will likely remain in U.S. dollars and be used for expenditures in U.S. dollars, to reduce exchange risk. The risk that the Company is subject to will be if expenses are incurred in Canadian dollars, with large fluctuations in the Canadian-U.S. dollar exchange rate at that time of the transaction. The Company’s potential near-term exchange risk associated with fluctuation of exchange rates is not believed to be material. Exchange gain in fiscal 2013 was a nominal amount.

 

Interest Rate Risk and Equity Price Risk

 

Emgold has been equity financed and does not have any debt that is subject to interest rate change risks.

 

Commodity Price Risk

 

While the value of Emgold’s resource properties can always be said to relate to the price of precious metals and the outlook for same, Emgold currently does not have any operating mines and hence does not have any hedging or other commodity based risk respecting its operations.

 

ITEM 12.DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Not applicable.

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PART II

 

ITEM 13.DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 14.MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 15.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

a) Disclosure controls and procedures.

 

Management is responsible for designing, establishing and maintaining a system of internal controls over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance that the financial information prepared by the Company for external purposes is reliable and has been recorded, processed, and reported in an accurate and timely manner in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Management is also responsible for designing, establishing, and maintaining a system of disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material items requiring disclosure by the Company are identifies and reported in a timely manner.

 

b) Management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting

 

The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and assessed the design and the operating effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013. In making the assessment, management used the criteria issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on that assessment, management concluded that, as at the date of the audit report of the December 31, 2014 financial statements, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes. There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

c) Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

 

There was no other change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Annual Report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. We have engaged in, and are continuing to engage in, efforts to improve our internal control over financial reporting and disclosures and procedures related to substantially all areas of our financial statements and disclosures.

 

ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERTS

 

The members of the audit committee are Messrs. William J. Witte, Allen Leschert, and Andrew MacRitchie. The Company’s Board of Directors has determined that Mr. MacRitchie qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” and is “independent” as that term is defined under NYSE MKT rules. Mr. MacRitchie is a Chartered Accountant and CFO of a resource company. The other members of the audit committee also have significant financial experience within the mining industry and are considered financially literate, and they are also considered independent.

 

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ITEM 16B.CODE OF ETHICS

 

The Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the Company’s chief executive officer, the chief financial officer and other members of senior management. The Company’s Code of Ethics is included as an exhibit to this Form 20-F. There have been no amendments to the code of ethics and no waivers during the year ended December 31, 2014, and to the date of this Form 20-F.

 

ITEM 16C.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 

The following table discloses the aggregate fees billed for each of the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered by the Company’s audit firm for various services:

 

Professional Service Fees from Audit Firm

Services: Years ended December 31
2014 (Cdn$) 2013 (Cdn$) 2012 (Cdn$)
Audit Fees $   30,000 $   30,000 $   30,000
Audit-Related Fee (1) -- -- --
Tax Fees -- -- --
All Other Fees (2) -- -- --

 

Total Fees

 

$ 30,000

 

$ 30,000

 

$ 30,000

Notes:

(1)“Audit-Related Fee” includes services that are traditionally performed by the auditor. These audit-related services include review of SEC documentation and audit or attest services not required by legislation or regulation.
(2)Canadian Public Accounting Board and IFRS conversion fees.

 

From time to time, management of the Company recommends to and requests approval from the audit committee for non-audit services to be provided by the Company’s auditors. The audit committee routinely considers such requests at committee meetings, and if acceptable to a majority of the audit committee members, pre-approves such non-audit services by a resolution authorizing management to engage the Company’s auditors for such non-audit services, with set maximum dollar amounts for each itemized service. During such deliberations, the audit committee assesses, among other factors, whether the services requested would be considered “prohibited services” as contemplated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and whether the services requested and the fees related to such services could impair the independence of the auditors. All of the non-audit related services provided by the Company’s audit firm were pre-approved by the audit committee.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2014, all of the services described above under “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” under the captions “Audit-Related Fees”, “Tax Fees”, and “All Other Fees” were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.

 

ITEM 16D.EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16E.PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16F.CHANGE IN CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

 

Disclosure relating to this item was previously reported in the Company’s Form 20-F annual report for the year ended December 31, 2012, as amended on July 2, 2013.

 

 

  74
   
ITEM 16G.CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16H.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

 

Not applicable.

 

PART III

 

ITEM 17.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Not Applicable. See Item 18.

 

 

 

ITEM 18.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Independent Auditor’s Reports     F-1  

 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as at December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012

    F-1  

 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012

    F-1  

 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012

    F-1  

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012

    F-1  

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012

   

 

F-1

 

 

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ITEM 19.EXHIBITS

 

Index to Exhibits

 

The following exhibits are filed with, or incorporated by reference in, this Annual Report on Form 20-F.

 

   

Exhibit

Number

Description
F-1 Consolidated Financial Statements for Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 including Auditors’ Reports.*
F-2 Management Discussion and Analysis for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012.*
1.1 Articles and Memorandum of Emgold Mining Corporation, originally incorporated as 361869 B.C. Ltd. on March 17, 1989.(1)
2.1 2005 Stock Option Plan (10% Rolling) – June 8, 2005, amended December 22, 2011 and approved by the TSX-V on February 2, 2012.(3)
4.1 Revised Mining Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement, Idaho-Maryland Project, dated May 29, 2002.(3)
4.2 Idaho-Maryland Project Lease Extension (1) dated January 26, 2007.(3)
4.3 Idaho-Maryland Project Lease Extension (2) dated February 6, 2009.(3)
4.4 Idaho-Maryland Project Lease Extension (3) dated July 22, 2010.(3)
8.1 List of subsidiaries.(2)
11.1 Code of Ethics, effective September 1, 2005.(3)
12.1 Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(A)/15d-14(a) of Chief Executive Officer.*
12.2 Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(A)/15d-14(a) of Chief Financial Officer.*
13.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 of Chief Executive Officer.*
13.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 of Chief Financial Officer.*
15.1 Idaho-Maryland Mine Project, Grass Valley, Technical Report, effective date December 8, 2009.(3)
  Notes:
  * Filed herewith.
  (1) Previously filed as exhibit to Form 6-K on March 8, 2010 and incorporated by reference.
  (2) Previously filed as exhibit to Form 20-F on July 1, 2005 and incorporated by reference.
  (3) Previously filed as exhibit to Form 20-F on May 21, 2013 and incorporated by reference.
 

 

END OF EXHIBITS

 

 

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Glossary of Geologic and Mining Terms

 

AnomalyAny deviation from normal. Examples would include geologic features or concentrations of metal noticeably different than surrounding features or metals.
ArsenopyriteA sulphide of arsenic and iron.
AssayAn analysis to determine the presence, absence or quantity of one or more components.
AxisAn imaginary hinge line about which the fold limbs are bent. The axis of a fold can be at the top or bottom of the fold, can be tilted or horizontal.
BatholithAn intrusion, usually granitic, which has a large exposed surface area and no observable bottom. Usually associated with orogenic belts. Of a large, deep-seated rock intrusion, usually granite, often forming the base of a mountain range, and uncovered only by uplifted erosion.
BedThe smallest division of a stratified rock series, marked by a well-defined divisional plane from its neighbours above and below; an ore deposit, parallel to the stratification, constituting a regular member of the series of formations.
BeddingCondition where planes divide sedimentary rocks of the same or different lithology.
BedrockSolid rock exposed at the surface of the earth, or overlain by surficial deposits.
BrecciaRock made up of angular fragments in a matrix of finer-grained material or cementing material.
BrecciatedRock broken up by geological forces.

Bulk sample                      A very large sample, the kind of sample to take from broken rock, or from gravels and sands when testing placer deposits.

CalciteCalcium carbonate, a mineral found in limestone, chalk and marble and metamorphic rocks.
ChalcopyriteCopper iron sulphide mineral and an important ore of copper.

Chip sample                      A sample composed of discontinuous chips taken along a rock surface across a given line.

ClaimThat portion of public mineral lands, which a party has staked or marked out in accordance with provincial or state mining laws, to acquire the right to explore for the minerals under the surface.
ContactThe place or surface where two different kinds of rocks come together.
CrystallineMeans the specimen is made up of one or more groups of crystals.

Cut-off grade                    The minimum grade of mineralization used to establish quantitative and qualitative estimates of total mineralization.

DepositA natural occurrence of a useful mineral or ore in sufficient extent and degree of concentration to invite exploitation.
DiabaseIgneous hypabyssal rocks that are transitional from volcanic to plutonic. The name is applied differently in different parts of the world leading to considerable confusion.

Diamond drill                    A type of rotary drill in which the cutting is done by abrasion using diamonds embedded in a matrix rather than by percussion. The drill cuts a core of rock which is recovered in long cylindrical sections.

Diamond drill hole            A method of obtaining a cylindrical core of rock by drilling with a diamond impregnated bit.

DilutionResults from the mixing in of unwanted waste rock with the ore during mining.
DipThe angle at which a stratum or drill hole is inclined from the horizontal. Alternatively, a geological measurement of the angle of maximum slope of planar elements in rocks.
DisplacementRelative movement of rock on opposite side of a fault; also known as dislocation.
FaultA fracture or fracture zone along which there has been displacement of the sides relative to one another parallel to the fracture. Alternatively, a break in the continuity of a body of rock.

Feasibility study              Engineering study to determine if a mineral property can be developed at a profit, and which methods should be used to develop it.

FeldsparA group of aluminum silicate minerals closely related in chemical composition and physical
  77
   

properties. There are two major chemical varieties of feldspar: the potassium aluminum, or potash feldspars and the sodium-calcium-aluminum, or plagioclase feldspars.

FelsicLight-coloured silicate minerals, mainly quartz and feldspar, or an igneous rock comprised largely of felsic minerals (granite, rhyolite).
FoldsFlexures in bedded or layered rocks. They are formed when forces are applied gradually to rocks over a long period of time.
FootwallThe mass of rock that lies beneath a fault, an ore body, or a mine working; the top of the rock stratum underlying a vein or bed of ore.
FractureBreaks in a rock, usually due to intensive folding or faulting.
GangueTerm used to describe worthless minerals or rock waste mixed in with the valuable minerals.

Geochemical anomaly    An area of elevated values of a particular element in soil or rock samples collected during the preliminary reconnaissance search for locating favourable metal concentrations that could indicate the presence of surface or drill targets.

Geochemical survey        A systematic measure of the abundance of different elements in rock, soil, water, etc.

GeochemistryStudy of chemical elements in rocks or soil.

Geological mapping         Surveys defining the surface distribution of rock varieties, age relationships and structural features.

GeophysicsThe study of the physical properties of rocks, minerals, and mineral deposits.
GougeSoft, pulverized mixture of rock and mineral material found along shear (fault) zones and produced by the differential movement across the plane of slippage.

Grab sampling                  A random sample of mineralized rock with no statistical validity, taken simply to check the type of mineralization.

GradeThe concentration of each ore metal in a rock sample, usually given as weight percent. Where extremely low concentrations are involved, the concentration may be given in grams per tonne (g/t) or ounces per ton (oz/t). The grade of an ore deposit is calculated, often using sophisticated statistical procedures, as an average of the grades of a very large number of samples collected from throughout the deposit.
GraniteAn intrusive igneous rock consisting essentially of alkali feldspar and quartz, plus micas and accessory minerals.
GraphiteA soft black form of native carbon.
GridA network composed of two sets of uniformly spaced parallel lines, usually intersecting at right angles and forming squares, superimposed on a map, chart, or aerial photograph, to permit identification of ground locations by means of a system of coordinates and to facilitate computation of direction and distance and size of geologic, geochemical or geophysical features.

Hanging wall

and footwall                     Terms used in reference to faults when mining along a fault, your feet would be in the footwall side of the fault and the other side would be “hanging” over your head. The rock mass above a fault plane, vein, lode, ore body, or other structure, the underside of the country rock overlying a vein or bed of ore.

Heavy mineral

concentrate sample         A sample of heavy minerals collected from stream gravels and concentrated by panning.

HectareA square of 100 metres on each side; 10,000 square metres or 2.471 acres.

Host rock                           The rock within which the ore deposit occurs.

IgneousRock formed by the cooling of molten silicate mineral.

Induced polarization

(I.P.) method                    A geophysical method used to measure various electrical responses to the passage of alternating currents of different frequencies through near-surface rocks or to the passage of pulses of electricity.

  78
   
IntermediateAn igneous rock made up of both felsic and mafic minerals (diorite).
IntrusionGeneral term for a body of igneous rock formed below the earth’s surface.

Intrusive rock                   Any igneous rock solidified from magma beneath the earth’s surface.

Joint venture

agreement                         An agreement where the parties agree to the terms on which a property will be explored, developed, and mined.

LodeSee vein.
MaficA term used to describe ferromagnesian minerals. Rocks composed mainly of ferromagnesian minerals are correctly termed melanocratic.
MagmaNaturally occurring molten rock material, generated within the earth and capable of intrusion and extrusion, from which igneous rocks have been derived through solidification and related processes. It may or may not contain suspended solids (such as crystals and rock fragments) and/or gas phases.
MassiveImplies large mass. Applied in the context of hand specimens of, for example, sulphide ores; it usually means the specimen is composed essentially of sulphides with few, if any, other constituents.
MelangeA body of rock characterized by a lack of internal continuity of contacts or strata and by the inclusion of fragments and blocks of all sized and sometimes various types, embedded in a fine-grained matrix.

Metamorphosed or

metamorphic                    A rock that has been altered within the earth’s crust by physical and chemical processes including heat, pressure and fluids.

Meta-sedimentA sediment or sedimentary rock that shows evidence of metamorphosis.
MetavolcanicAn informal term for volcanic rock that shows evidence of metamorphosis.
MesozoicAn era of geologic time, from the end of the Paleozoic era to the start of the Cenozoic, or from about 225 to about 50 million years ago.
MineralA naturally occurring, inorganic, solid element or compound that possesses an orderly internal arrangement of atoms and a unique set of physical and chemical properties.

Mineral claim                    A legal entitlement to minerals in a certain defined area of ground.

Mineral deposit or

mineralized material         A mineralized underground body which has been intersected by sufficient closely spaced drill holes and / or underground sampling to support sufficient tonnage and average grade of metal(s) to warrant further exploration-development work. This deposit does not qualify as a commercially mineable ore body (reserves), as prescribed under Commission standards, until a final and comprehensive economic, technical, and legal feasibility study based upon the test results is concluded.

MineralizationThe concentration of metals and their chemical compounds within a body of rock.

Mining lease                     A claim or number of claims to which the right to mine is assigned.

Net smelter returns

royalty                              Means the amount actually paid to the mine or mill owner from the sale of ore, minerals and other materials or concentrates mined and removed from mineral properties. A royalty based on net smelter returns provides cash flow that is free of any operating or capital costs and environmental liabilities.

Option agreement           An agreement where the optionee can exercise certain options to increase contracted interest in a property by making periodic payments to the optionor or by exploring, developing or producing from the optionor’s property.

OreA natural aggregate of one or more minerals which may be mined and sold at a profit, or from which some part may be profitably separated.

Ore body                           A solid and fairly continuous mass or ore.

  79
   

Ore reserve                       The measured quantity and grade of all or part of a mineralized body in a mine or undeveloped mineral deposit for which the mineralization is sufficiently defined and measured on three sides to form the basis of at least a preliminary mine production plan for economically viable mining.

OutcropAn in-situ exposure of bedrock.
PaleozoicAn era of geologic time, from the end of the Precambrian to the beginning of the Mesozoic, or from about 570 to about 225 million years ago.
PlutonTerm for an igneous intrusion, usually formed from magma.
PyriteIron sulphide (FeS2)

Qualified person              In accordance with NI 43-101, a “qualified person” means an individual with at least five years of experience in mineral exploration, mine development or operation or mineral project assessment, or any combination of these. This person must also have experience relevant to the subject matter of the mineral project, and must be member in good standing of a professional association.

QuartzA mineral composed of silicon dioxide.

Reclamation bond            Usually required when mechanized work is contemplated. Used to reclaim any workings or put right any damage, if your reclamation does not satisfy the requirements of the regulations.

ReconnaissanceA general examination or survey of a region with reference to its main features, usually as a preliminary step to a more detailed survey.

Replacement

mineralization                   Mineral deposit formed by replacement of previous rock.

Reverse circulation

drill                                    A rotary percussion drill in which the drilling mud and cuttings return to the surface through the drill pipe.

Rock chip sample             A rock sample consisting of chips collected continuously over a specified width.

Rotary drilling                  A drilling method where a hard-toothed bit rotates at the bottom of a drill pipe, grinding a hole into the rock. Lubrication is provided by continuously circulating drilling fluid, which brings the rock cuttings to the surface.

Royalty interest               A royalty interest is tied to a unit of production, such as tonne of concentrate or ounce of gold or silver produced. A common form of royalty interest is the net smelter return.

SampleSmall amount of material that is supposed to be absolutely typical or representative of the object being sampled.
SchistA strongly foliated crystalline rock, formed by dynamic metamorphism, that has well-developed parallelism of more than 50% of the minerals present, particularly those of lamellar or elongate prismatic habit, e.g. mica and hornblende.
SedimentaryA rock formed from cemented or compacted sediments.
SedimentsAre composed of the debris resulting from the weathering and break-up of other rocks that have been deposited by or carried to the oceans by rivers, or left over from glacial erosion or sometimes from wind action.
SericiteA fine-grained variety of mica occurring in small scales, especially in schists.
ShaftVertical opening downwards.
ShowingA rock outcrop revealing the presence of a certain mineral.
SilicateMost rocks are made up of a small number of silicate minerals ranging from quartz (SiO2) to more complex minerals such as orthoclase feldspar (KAlSi3O8) or hornblende (Ca2Na(Mg,Fe)4(Al,Fe,Ti)Si8)22(OH)2).

Soil sampling                    Systematic collection of soil samples at a series of different locations in order to study the distribution of soil geochemical values.

SphaleriteA zinc sulphide, ZnS, which may contain some iron and cadmium; the principal ore of zinc and cadmium.
StockAn igneous intrusive body of unknown depth with a surface exposure of less than 104 square kilometres. The sides, or contacts, of a stock, like those of a batholith, are usually steep and broaden with depth.
  80
   

Stock work                        A mineral deposit consisting of a three-dimensional network of closely spaced planar or irregular veinlets.

StopeAn excavation in a mine from which ore is, or has been, extracted.
StrikeThe bearing, or magnetic compass direction, of an imaginary line formed by the intersection of a horizontal plane with any planar surface, most commonly with bedding planes or foliation planes in rocks.
TailingsMaterial rejected from a mill after recoverable valuable minerals have been extracted.

Tailings pond                   A pond where tailings are disposed.

TrenchingThe act of blasting or digging through overburden or outcrop to attend fresh bedrock for mapping and sampling.
VeinsThe mineral deposits that are found filling openings in rocks created by faults or replacing rocks on either side of faults.
WasteRock which is not ore. Usually referred to that rock which has to be removed during the normal course of mining in order to get at the ore.
WorkingsA part of a mine, quarry, etc., where work is or has been done.

.

 

  81
   

SIGNATURES

 

Emgold Mining Corporation hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.

EMGOLD MINING CORPORATION

Per:

/s/ David G. Watkinson
David G. Watkinson, Chief Executive Officer

 

/s/ Grant T. Smith
Grant T. Smith, Chief Financial Officer

DATED: April 29, 2014

 

 

 

EX-99.1 2 fins.htm CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013 AND 2012 INCLUDING AUDITORS' REPORTS." CA Filed by Filing Services Canada Inc. 403-717-3898

Emgold Mining Corporation

(An Exploration Stage Company)

Consolidated Financial Statements
For the Years Ended 31 December 2014 and 2013
Stated in US Dollars

 

   
   

Table of Contents

Management's Responsibility i
Independent Audit Report ii
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 1
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss 2
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the Year Ended 31 December 2013 3
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the Year Ended 31 December 2014 4
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 5
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  
1)   Nature of operations and going concern 6
2)   Basis of preparation - Statement of Compliance 7
3)   Summary of significant accounting policies 7
4)   Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty 14
5)   Recently adopted accounting standards 16
6)   Accounting standards issued but not yet effective 17
7)   Financial instruments and risk management 18
8)   Equipment 19
9)   Exploration and evaluation assets 20
10)   Related party transactions 23
11)   Share capital 24
12)   Capital disclosures 27
13)   Segmented disclosure 27
14)   Income taxes 28
15)   Gain on sale of equipment 30
16)   Gain on settlement of liabilities 30
17)   Gain on renegotiation of accounts payable 30
18)   Subsequent events 30
   
   

Management’s Responsibility

To the Shareholders of Emgold Mining Corporation:

Management is responsible for the preparation and presentation of the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements, including responsibility for significant accounting judgments and estimates in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. This responsibility includes selecting appropriate accounting principles and methods, and making decisions affecting the measurement of transactions in which objective judgment is required.

In discharging its responsibilities for the integrity and fairness of the audited consolidated financial statements, management designs and maintains the necessary accounting systems and related internal controls to provide reasonable assurance that transactions are authorized, assets are safeguarded and financial records are properly maintained to provide reliable information for the preparation of financial statements.

The Board of Directors and the Audit Committee are composed primarily of Directors who are neither management nor employees of the Company. The Board is responsible for overseeing management in the performance of its financial reporting responsibilities, and for approving the financial information presented. The Board fulfils these responsibilities by reviewing the financial information prepared by management and discussing relevant matters with management and the external auditors. The Audit Committee has the responsibility of meeting with management, and the external auditors to discuss the internal controls over the financial reporting process, auditing matters and financial reporting issues. The Board is also responsible for recommending the appointment of the Company’s external auditors.

 

 

28 April 2015

 

The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 28 April 2015 and were signed on its behalf by:
“David Watkinson”   “Grant T. Smith”
David Watkinson, President & CEO   Grant T. Smith, CFO

 

i | Page  
   

 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT

To the Shareholders of Emgold Mining Corporation:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Emgold Mining Corporation and its subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditors’ Responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence, on a test basis, about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors’ judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.

 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

 

Opinion

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Emgold Mining Corporation and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and their financial performance and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Emphasis of Matter

Without qualifying our opinion, we draw attention to Note 1 of these consolidated financial statements, which states that Emgold Mining Corporation incurred significant losses from operations, negative cash flows from operating activities and has an accumulated deficit. This, along with other matters described in Note 1, raise substantial doubt about the ability of Emgold Mining Corporation to continue as a going concern.

 

Vancouver, BC   
April 28, 2015 Chartered Accountants
   
   
 

Accounting › Consulting › Tax

   

2300, 1055 Dunsmuir Street, PO Box 49148; Vancouver BC; V7X 1J1

 

1-877-688-8408  P: 604-685-8408  F: 604-685-8594 www.MNP.ca

 

 

ii | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation Statement 1

US Dollars

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

          As at    
  Note      

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

ASSETS              
Current Assets              
Cash and cash equivalents       $ 26,636 $ 38,420
Amounts receivable         1,500   75
Prepaid amounts and deposits         5,839   6,016
          33,975   44,511
Non-current Assets              
Reclamation bonds         10,775   14,877
Equipment (8)       1,668   3,508
Exploration and evaluation assets (9)       1,337,563   1,227,563
          1,350,006   1,245,948
        $ 1,383,981 $ 1,290,459
LIABILITIES              
Current Liabilities              
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities       $ 132,597 $ 91,326
Due to related parties (10)       628,081   579,737
          760,678   671,063
EQUITY (statement 3)              
Share capital (11)       43,935,360   43,687,315
Warrants – contributed surplus         686,349   686,349
Options – contributed surplus         7,062,781   7,062,781
Deficit         (51,061,187)   (50,817,049)
          623,303   619,396
        $ 1,383,981 $ 1,290,459

 

Nature of operations and going concern (1) Segmented disclosure (13)
Basis of preparation - Statement of Compliance (2) Income Tax (14)
Capital disclosures (12) Subsequent events (18)
       

 

The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 28 April 2015 and were signed on its behalf by:
“David Watkinson”   “Andrew MacRitchie”
David Watkinson, Director   Andrew MacRitchie, Director

 

 

--The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements--

1 | Page  
   
Emgold Mining Corporation Statement 2

US Dollars

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss

              Year ended   Year ended
  Note          

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Continuing Operations                  
Expenses                  
Exploration and evaluation                  
Resource property expense (9)         $ 43,601 $ 103,129
Stock-based compensation - exploration             -   3,400
              43,601   106,529
General and administrative                  
Management and consulting             71,131   184,776
Professional fees             50,990   73,172
Office and administration             35,943   53,085
Salaries and benefits             29,648   93,578
Listing and filing fees             27,083   18,022
Insurance             12,694   20,154
Shareholder communication             12,197   31,100
Amortization (8)           1,840   6,799
Banking costs             849   3,325
Stock-based compensation             -   24,184
              242,375   508,195
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss Before Other Items             285,976   614,724
Other (Income)                  
Foreign exchange gain             (8,181)   (6,648)
Gain on settlement of liabilities             (24,696)   (84,352)
Gain on sale of equipment             (6,246)   (35,023)
Gain on sale of land             -   (193,289)
Unrealized gain loss on warrant liability (11)           (2,715)   (37,243)
              (41,838)   (356,555)
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss           $ 244,138 $ 258,169
Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share           $ 0.00 $ 0.00
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding             75,046,475   72,083,308

 

--The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements--

2 | Page  
   
Emgold Mining Corporation Statement 3

US Dollars

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the Year Ended 31 December 2013

    Shares   Amount Warrants   Amount Options   Amount   Deficit

Shareholders’

Equity

Balance at 01 January 2013   66,651,462 $ 43,390,203 35,495,784 $ 686,349 4,969,665 $ 7,035,197 $ (50,558,880) $ 552,869
Private placement issuances   5,700,000   278,168 2,850,000   - -   -   -   278,168
Shares issued for property   236,000   20,000 -   - -   -   -   20,000
Share issuance costs   -   (1,056) -   - -   -   -   (1,056)
Options forfeited   -   - -   - (700,000)   -   -   -
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   (174,691)   (174,691)
Balance at 31 March 2013   72,587,462 $ 43,687,315 38,345,784 $ 686,349 4,269,665 $ 7,035,197 $ (50,733,571) $ 675,290
Warrants expired   -   - (3,336,884)   - -   -   -   -
Options expired   -   - -   - (97,500)   -   -   -
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   (42,496)   (42,496)
Balance at 30 June 2013   72,587,462 $ 43,687,315 35,008,900 $ 686,349 4,172,165 $ 7,035,197 $ (50,776,067) $ 632,794
Warrants expired   -   - (4,079,755)   - -   -   -   -
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   106,216   106,216
Balance at 31 September 2013   72,587,462 $ 43,687,315 30,929,145 $ 686,439 4,172,165 $ 7,035,197 $ (50,669,851) $ 739,010
Issuance of stock options   -   - -   - 3,000,000   27,584   -   27,584
Options expired   -   - -   - (141,500)   -   -   -
Warrants expired   -   - (21,944,142)   - -   -   -   -
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   -     -   (147,198)   (147,198)
Balance at 31 December 2013   72,587,462 $ 43,687,315 8,958,003 $ 686,349 7,030,665 $ 7,062,781 $ (50,817,049) $ 619,396

 

--The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements--

3 | Page  
   
Emgold Mining Corporation Statement 4

US Dollars

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the Year Ended 31 December 2014

    Shares   Amount Warrants   Amount Options   Amount   Deficit

Shareholders’

Equity

Balance at 01 January 2014   72,587,462 $ 43,687,315 8,985,003 $ 686,349 7,030,665 $ 7,062,781 $ (50,817,049) $ 619,396
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   (100,110)   (100,110)
Balance at 31 March 2014   72,587,462 $ 43,687,315 8,985,003 $ 686,349 7,030,665 $ 7,062,781 $ (50,917,159) $ 519,286
Shares issued for property   236,000   20,000 -   - -   -   -   20,000
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   (71,104)   (71,104)
Balance at 30 June 2014   72,823,462 $ 43,707,315 8,985,003 $ 686,349 7,030,665 $ 7,062,781 $ (50,988,263) $ 468,182
Private placement issuances   5,000,000   230,056 -   - -   -   -   230,056
Share issuance costs   -   (2,011) -   - -   -   -   (2,011)
Options expired   -   - -   - (64,000)   -   -   -
Private placement warrants   -   - 2,500,000   - -   -   -   -
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   (50,186)   (50,186)
Balance at 30 September 2014   77,823,462 $ 43,935,360 11,485,003 $ 686,349 6,966,665 $ 7,062,781 $ (51,038,449) $ 646,041
Warrants expired   -   - (3,321,428)   - -   -   -   -
Comprehensive loss for the period   -   - -   - -   -   (22,738)   (22,738)
Balance at 31 December 2014   77,823,462 $ 43,935,360 8,163,575 $ 686,349 6,966,665 $ 7,062,781 $ (51,061,187) $ 623,303

 

 

 

--The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements--

4 | Page  
   
Emgold Mining Corporation Statement 5

US Dollars

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

              Year ended   Year ended
  Note          

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

OPERATING ACTIVITIES                  
Loss for the Year           $ (244,138) $ (258,169)
Items not Affecting Cash                  
Stock-based compensation             -   27,584
Amortization (8)           1,840   6,799
Effect of currency translation             693   1,168
Write-off of reclamation bond             3,124   5,171
(Gain) on sale of equipment             (6,046)   (35,023)
(Gain) on sale of land             -   (193,289)
Write-off of accrued liabilities             (24,696)   (84,352)
(Gain) on renegotiation of accounts payable             -   (22,089)
Unrealized (gain) loss on warranty liability             (2,715)   (37,243)
            $ (271,938) $ (589,443)
Net Change in Non-cash Working Capital                  
Amounts receivable             (1,425)   85,103
Prepaid expenses and deposits             177   28,892
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities             65,967   (508,370)
Due to (from) related parties             48,344   191,218
            $ 113,063 $ (203,157)
            $ (158,875) $ (792,600)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES                  
Proceeds from sale of equipment             6,046   35,023
Proceeds from sale of land             -   450,000
Resource property royalty payments             20,000   -
Purchase of resource property             (110,000)   -
            $ (83,954) $ 485,023
FINANCING ACTIVITIES                  
Proceeds from share issuance             233,056   285,000
Share issuance costs             (2,011)   (1,056)
            $ 231,045 $ 283,944
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash             (11,784)   (23,633)
Cash position – beginning of year             38,420   62,053
Cash Position – End of Year           $ 26,636 $ 38,420
Schedule of Non-cash Investing and Financing Transactions                  
Shares issued for mineral property acquisition (9)         $ 20,000 $ 20,000

 

 

--The accompanying notes form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements--

5 | Page  
   
Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1)Nature of operations and going concern

Emgold Mining Corporation (“the Company” or “Emgold”) is incorporated under the British Columbia Corporations Act and the principal place of business is located at 1010 - 789 West Pender Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 1H2. The Company is in the process of exploring its mineral property interests and has not yet determined whether its mineral property interests contain mineral reserves that are economically recoverable. The Company’s shares are traded on the TSX Venture Exchange (“TSX-V”) and the OTCQB.

These consolidated financial statements (“Financial Statements”) have been prepared on the basis of the accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which assumes the Company’s ability to continue in operation for the foreseeable future and to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of operations.

There are several adverse conditions that cast substantial doubt upon the soundness of this assumption. The Company has negative working capital, has incurred operating losses since inception, has no source of revenue, is unable to self-finance operations and has significant on-going cash requirements to meet its overhead requirements and maintain its mineral interests. Further, the business of mining and exploration involves a high degree of risk and there can be no assurance that current or future exploration programs will result in profitable mining operations. The recoverability of exploration and evaluation assets is dependent upon several factors, which include the discovery of economically recoverable reserves, the ability of the Company to obtain the necessary financing to complete the development of these properties, and future profitable production or proceeds from disposition of mineral properties.

Consistent with other companies, in the sector of mineral exploration, the Company has incurred operating losses since inception, has limited sources of revenue, is unable to self-finance operations and has significant cash requirements to meet its overhead and maintain its mineral interests.

For the Company to continue to operate as a going concern it must obtain additional financing; there can be no assurance that this will continue in the future.

If the going concern assumption were not appropriate for these financial statements then adjustments would be necessary to the carrying value of assets and liabilities, the reported expenses and the statement of financial position classifications used and such adjustments could be material.

Rounded (000’s)  

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Working capital $ (727,000) $ (627,000)
Accumulated deficit $ (51,061,000) $ (50,817,000)
6 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

2)Basis of preparation – Statement of Compliance

These Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) and related IFRS interpretations Committee (“IFRIC’s”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). The Financial Statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for financial instruments classified as financial instruments at fair value through profit and loss, which are stated at their fair value. In addition, these Financial Statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting except for cash flow information.

The policies set out were consistently applied to all the periods presented unless otherwise noted below. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with IAS 1 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgement in applying the Company’s accounting policies.

The preparation of these Financial Statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, profit and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and further periods if the review affects both current and future periods.

The functional and reporting currency of the Company is the United States dollar.

3)Summary of significant accounting policies
a)Basis of presentation

These consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and the entities controlled by the Company. These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries:

·Idaho-Maryland Mining Corporation
·Emgold (US) Corp.
·Golden Bear Ceramics Company

Control exists when the Company has the power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Non-controlling interest in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries are identified separately from the Company’s equity. Non-controlling interest consists of the non-controlling interest at the date of the original business combination plus the non-controlling interest’s share of changes in equity since the date of acquisition. The Company has no non-controlling interests.

7 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

b)Business combinations

Acquisitions of subsidiaries and businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of the business combination is measured as the aggregate of the fair values (at the date of exchange) of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the Company in exchange for control of the acquiree. The acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities that meet the conditions for recognition under IFRS 3 Business Combinations are recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date, except for non-current assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations, which are recognised and measured at fair value less costs to sell.

Goodwill arising on acquisition is recognised as an asset and initially measured at cost, being the excess of the cost of the business combination over the Company's interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised.

If the Company's interest in the net fair value of the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities exceeds the cost of the business combination, the excess is recognised immediately in profit or loss. The interest of non-controlling shareholders in the acquiree is initially measured at the non-controlling shareholders' proportion of the net fair value of the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised.

c)Foreign currency

These Financial Statements are presented in United States dollars (“$”), which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency. References to CDN$ represent Canadian dollars. The functional currency for the Company’s subsidiaries is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates which is United States dollars. Transactions entered into by the Company’s subsidiary in a currency other than the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates (its "functional currency") are recorded at the rates ruling when the transactions occur except depreciation and depletion which are translated at the rates of exchange applicable to the related assets, with any gains or losses recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss.

Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at current rates of exchange with the resulting gain or losses recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of unsettled monetary assets and liabilities are recognized immediately in the consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical exchange rates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date when the fair value is determined.

d)Measurement uncertainty

The preparation of these Financial Statements, in conformity with IFRS, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

The Company’s key estimates relate to the valuation and estimated useful lives of equipment, the measurement of stock-based compensation, the valuation of warrants, the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and liabilities, valuation and recoverability of resource properties, and the valuation of shares issued for resource property. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

8 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

Depreciation and depletion of property, plant and equipment assets are dependent upon estimates of useful lives and reserve estimates, both of which are determined with the exercise of judgment. The assessment of any impairment of property, plant and equipment is dependent upon estimates of recoverable amounts taking into account factors such as reserves, economic and market conditions and the useful lives of assets. Provisions for environmental rehabilitations are recognised in the period in which they arise and are stated as the fair value of estimated future costs.

The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience, and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. These estimates require the extensive use of judgment about the nature, cost and timing of the work to be completed, and may change with future changes to costs, environmental laws and regulations and remediation practices. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.

e)Share based payments

The Company grants stock options to buy common shares of the Company to directors, officers, employees and service providers. The Board of Directors grants such options for periods of up to five years, with vesting periods determined at its sole discretion and at prices equal to or greater than the closing market price on the day preceding the date the options were granted.

The fair value of the options is measured at grant date, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and is recognized over the period that the options are earned. The fair value is recognized as an expense with a corresponding increase in equity. The amount recognized as expense is adjusted to reflect the number of share options expected to vest.

f)Deferred financing costs

Expenditures directly related to share issuances are recorded as a deferred financing cost until such time as the shares are issued. When the shares are issued, the deferred financing cost is recognized as a reduction of the net proceeds from the share issuance. If no shares are issued, these deferred financing costs are recognized as a component of comprehensive loss

g)Financial instruments

All financial instruments must be recognized, initially, at fair value on the consolidated statement of financial position. The Company has classified each financial instrument into the following categories: “fair value through profit or loss,” “loans and receivables,” and “other liabilities.” Subsequent measurement of the financial instruments is based on their respective classification. Unrealized gains and losses on held for trading instruments are recognized in earnings. The other categories of financial instruments are recognized at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The Company had made the following classifications:

Financial Asset or Liability Category
Cash and cash equivalents Fair value through profit or loss
Amounts receivable and due from related parties Loans and receivables
Prepaid amounts and deposits Loans and receivables
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Other liabilities
Warrant liability Fair value through profit or loss
Due to related parties Other liabilities
9 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

h)Income taxes

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income except to the extent it relates to items recognized in equity.

Current income tax

Current tax expense is based on the results for the period as adjusted for items that are not taxable or not deductible. Current tax is calculated using tax rates and laws that were enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. Provisions are established where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

Deferred tax

Deferred taxes are the taxes expected to be payable or recoverable on the difference between the carrying amounts of assets in the consolidated statement of financial position and their corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and are accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and their corresponding tax bases. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Such assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax liabilities:

·are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences;
·are recognized for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries except where the reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and
·are not recognized on temporary differences that arise from goodwill which is not deductible for tax purposes.

Deferred tax assets:

·are recognized to the extent it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilized; and
·are reviewed at the end of the reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of an asset to be recovered.
i)Earnings (loss) per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net earnings (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reporting year. Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to basic earnings per share except that the weighted average shares outstanding are increased to include additional shares for the assumed exercise of stock options and warrants, if dilutive. The number of additional shares is calculated by assuming that outstanding stock options and warrants were exercised if in the money and that the proceeds from such exercises were used to acquire common stock at the average market price during the reporting periods.

10 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

j)Comprehensive profit (loss)

Comprehensive profit (loss) is the change in the Company's net assets that results from transactions, events and circumstances from sources other than the Company's shareholders and includes items that would not normally be included in net profit such as unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale investments, gains or losses on certain derivative instruments and foreign currency gains or losses related to self-sustaining operations. The Company's comprehensive profit (loss) is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Profit (Loss) and the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity.

k)Plant and equipment

Plant and equipment assets are depreciated using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives, which generally range from 1 to 5 years. Land is not depreciated.

Where an item of plant and equipment is comprised of major components with different useful lives, the components are accounted for as separate items of plant and equipment. Expenditures incurred to replace a component of an item of property, plant and equipment that is accounted for separately, including major inspection and overhaul expenditures, are capitalized. Directly attributable expenses incurred for major capital projects and site preparation are capitalized until the asset is brought to a working condition for its intended use. These costs include dismantling and site restoration costs to the extent these are recognized as a provision.

The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials, direct labour and an appropriate portion of normal overheads.

The costs of day-to-day servicing are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. These costs are more commonly referred to as "maintenance and repairs."

Financing costs directly associated with the construction or acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalized at interest rates relating to loans specifically raised for that purpose, or at the average borrowing rate where the general pool of group borrowings is utilized. Capitalization of borrowing costs ceases when the asset is substantially complete.

The depreciation method, useful life and residual values are assessed annually.

Leased assets

Leases in which the Company assumes substantially all risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments at inception of the lease, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Subsequent costs

The cost of replacing part of an item within property, plant and equipment is recognized when the cost is incurred if it is probable that the future economic benefits will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other costs are recognized as an expense as incurred.

Impairment

The Company's tangible and intangible assets are reviewed for an indication of impairment at each statement of financial position date. If indication of impairment exists, the asset's recoverable amount is estimated.

An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset, or its cash-generating unit, exceeds its recoverable amount. A cash-generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. Impairment losses are recognized in profit and loss for the period.

11 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Impairment losses recognized in respect of cash-generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to cash-generating units and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the unit on a pro-rata basis.

The recoverable amount is the greater of the asset's fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Reversal of impairment

An impairment loss is reversed if there is an indication that there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. An impairment loss with respect to goodwill is never reversed.

l)Exploration and evaluation

The Company is currently in the exploration stage with all of its mineral interests. Exploration and evaluation costs include the costs of acquiring licenses, costs incurred to explore and evaluate properties, and the fair value, upon acquisition, of mineral properties acquired in a business combination.

Exploration and evaluation expenditures are expensed in the period they are incurred except for expenditures associated with the acquisition of exploration and evaluation assets through a business combination or an asset acquisition. Significant property acquisition costs are capitalized only to the extent that such costs can be directly attributed to an area of interest where it is considered likely to be recoverable by future exploitation or sale. Development costs relating to specific properties are capitalized once management has made a development decision.

From time to time, the Company may acquire or dispose of mineral interests pursuant to the terms of option agreements. Due to the fact that options are exercisable entirely at the discretion of the optionee, the amounts payable or receivable are not recorded. Option payments are recorded in the period that the payments are made or received. The Company does not accrue costs to maintain mineral interests in good standing.

Resource property royalty payments received are treated as a reduction of the carrying value of the related acquisition cost for the mineral property until the payments are in excess of acquisition costs, at which time they are then credited to operations. Royalty payments are at the discretion of the optionee and, accordingly, are accounted for when receipt is reasonably assured.

Restoration provisions

The Company recognizes liabilities for legal obligations associated with the reclamation or rehabilitation of mineral property interests that the Company is required to settle. The Company recognizes the fair value of liabilities for such obligations in the year in which they occur or in the year in which a reasonable estimate of such costs can be made. The obligation is recorded as a liability with a corresponding charge to operations. The Company has determined that it has no material restoration obligations as at 31 December 2014.

12 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

  

m)Impairment Loss

An impairment loss is reversed if there is an indication that there has been a positive change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. An impairment loss with respect to goodwill is never reversed.

n)Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, deposits in banks and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.

o)Environmental

The Company recognizes liabilities for statutory, contractual, constructive or legal obligations associated with the retirement of property, plant and equipment when those obligations result from the acquisition, construction, development or normal operation of the assets. The net present value of future rehabilitation cost estimates is capitalized along with a corresponding increase in the rehabilitation provision in the period incurred. Discount rates using a pre-tax rate that reflect the time value of money are used to calculate the net present value. The rehabilitation asset is depreciated on the same basis as mining assets.

The Company's estimates of reclamation costs could change as a result of changes in regulatory requirements and assumptions regarding the amount and timing of the future expenditures. These changes are recorded directly to mining assets with a corresponding entry to the rehabilitation provision. The Company's estimates are reviewed annually for changes in regulatory requirements, effects of inflation and changes in estimates.

Changes in the net present value, excluding changes in the Company's estimates of reclamation costs, are charged to profit and loss for the period.

The costs of rehabilitation projects that were included in the rehabilitation provision are recorded against the provision as incurred. The cost of on-going current programs to prevent and control pollution is charged against profit and loss as incurred.

p)Provisions and decommissioning liabilities

Provisions are recorded when a present legal or constructive obligation exists as a result of past events where it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made.

The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the statement of financial position date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, the receivable is recognized as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount receivable can be measured reliably.

Decommissioning liabilities include an estimate of the future cost associated with the abandonment and reclamation of property and equipment, discounted to its present value, and capitalized as part of the cost of that asset. The estimated costs are based on the present value of the expenditure expected to be incurred. Changes in the discount rate, estimated timing of decommissioning costs, or cost estimates are dealt with prospectively by recording a change in estimate, and a corresponding adjustment to equipment. The accretion on the decommissioning provision is included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss.

Actual expenditures incurred are charged against the decommissioning liability.

13 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

q)Financial liabilities and equity

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Other financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognized on an effective yield basis.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expenses over the corresponding period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments over the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period.

The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

r)Flow-through shares

The Company will, from time to time, issue flow-through common shares to finance a portion of its exploration and development program. Pursuant to the terms of the flow-through share agreements, these shares transfer the tax deductibility of qualifying resource expenditures to investors. On issuance, the Company bifurcates the flow-through proceeds into i) share capital, and ii) a flow-through liability, equal to the estimated premium, if any, investors pay for the flow-through feature. Once related expenditures are incurred or on filing of the “renouncement”, the premium is recognized as other income. At this time, the Company also recognizes a deferred tax liability and tax provision at the enacted or substantively enacted tax rate, for the tax pool reduction renounced to the shareholders.

Proceeds received from the flow-through issue are restricted to be used only for Canadian resource property exploration expenditures within a two year period. The Company may also be subject to a Part XII.6 tax on flow-through proceeds renounced under the Look-back Rule, in accordance with Government of Canada flow-through regulations. When applicable this tax is accrued as a financial liability until paid.

s)Title to exploration and evaluation properties

Although the Company has taken steps to verify the title to resource properties in which it has an interest, in accordance with industry standards for the current stage of exploration of such properties, these procedures do not guarantee the Company’s title. Property title may be subject to unregistered prior agreements or transfers.

t)Share capital

Share capital issued for non-monetary consideration is recorded at an amount based on the quoted market value of the Company’s shares at the time of issuance.

4)Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the Company’s accounting policies management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount and classification of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

14 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revisions affect only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods, if the revision affects both current and future periods.

The following are the critical judgments and areas involving estimates, that management have made in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements.

a)Critical judgments in applying accounting policies

Going concern assumption

These Financial Statements have been prepared on the basis of the accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which assumes the Company’s ability to continue in operation for the foreseeable future and to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of operations. There are several adverse conditions that cast substantial doubt upon the soundness of this assumption. Refer to note 1 for more details.

Determination of functional currency

In accordance with IAS 21, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, management determined that the functional currency of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries is the US dollar.

Mineral Properties

The company owns land and surface rights, which are part of the Idaho-Maryland property, valued as part of exploration and evaluation assets on statement of financial position at $490,508. This land is adjacent to the property covered by the BET agreement that expired on 01 February 2013. The BET Agreement, signed in 2002, originally had a five year term and has been extended three times. The Company is currently in discussions with the BET Trust to extend and/or negotiate a new agreement associated with the Project (note 12). The company assessed that no impairment was necessary on the land and surface rights that they own as they are still negotiating to extend the lease. If the lease is not extended the land will still have real estate value and can be disposed of as a non-mining real estate transaction.

b)Key sources of estimation uncertainty

Decommissioning liability

The estimated costs are reviewed annually by management including changes in the discount rate, estimated timing of decommissioning costs, or cost estimates.

Share based payments and fair value of warrants

Management assesses the fair value of stock options granted in accordance with the accounting policy stated in note 3 of these audited annual consolidated financial statements. The fair value of stock options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option valuation model (“BkS”), which was created for use in estimating the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options. The Company’s stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the highly subjective input assumptions can materially affect the calculated values. The fair value of stock options granted using the BkS do not necessarily provide a reliable measure of the fair value of the Company’s stock option awards. The same model is used by the Company in order to arrive at a fair value for the issuance of warrants.

15 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

Income taxes

Provisions for income taxes are made using the best estimate of the amount expected to be paid based on a qualitative assessment of all relevant factors. The Company reviews the adequacy of these provisions at the end of the reporting period. However, it is possible that at some future date an additional liability could result from audits by taxing authorities. Where the final outcome of these tax-related matters is different from the amounts that were originally recorded, such differences will affect the tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

Exploration and evaluation assets

The Company makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding the recoverability of the carrying values of exploration and evaluation assets. These assumptions are changed when conditions exist that indicate the carrying value may be impaired, at which time an impairment loss is recorded.

5)Recently adopted accounting standards
a)IAS 28, Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (amended standard)

The standard was updated to incorporate the accounting for joint ventures because the equity method is now applicable to both joint ventures and associates. The disclosure requirements from IAS 28 (as revised in 2003) have been included in IFRS 12. The amendments to the standard do not impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

b)IAS 32, Financial instruments: Presentation

IAS 32, “Financial Instruments: Presentation” provides further clarity around details relating to the right of set-off and the application of offsetting criteria under certain circumstances. The amendments to IAS 32 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 01 January 2014. Adoption of the standard had no material impact on these financial statements.

c)IFRIC 21, Levies Imposed by Governments

In May 2013, the IASB issued IFRIC 21 which sets out the accounting for an obligation to pay a levy that is not income tax. The interpretation addresses what the obligating event is that gives rise to pay a levy and when should a liability be recognized. The Company is currently assessing the impact of IFRIC 21 on its Financial Statements.

16 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6)Accounting standards issued but not yet effective

The following accounting standards have been issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) but are not yet effective for the Company; both the effective date and the expected impact are noted, based on the information currently available.

a)IFRS 8, Operating segments

The amendments to IFRS 8, issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in December 2013, incorporated into Part I of the CPA Canada Handbook - Accounting by the Accounting Standards Board (AcSB) in March 2014, require an entity to disclose the judgments made by management in applying the aggregation criteria for reportable segments. The amendments will only affect disclosure and are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the final standard is expected to have on its consolidated financial statements.

b)IFRS 9, Financial Instruments

The Standard has no mandatory adoption date, however early adoption is permitted. The standard is the first part of a multi-phase project to replace IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. The Company has not early-adopted the standard and is currently assessing the impact it will have on the Financial Statements.

c)IFRS 11, Joint Arrangements

In May 2014, the IASB issued amendments to this Standard, incorporated into the Handbook by the AcSB in July 2014, to clarify that the acquirer of an interest in a joint operation in which the activity constitutes a business, as defined in IFRS 3 Business Combinations, is required to apply all of the principles on business combinations accounting in IFRS 3 and other IFRSs with the exception of those principles that conflict with the guidance in IFRS 11. The amendments apply to the acquisition of an interest in a joint operation on its formation, unless the formation of the joint operation coincides with the formation of the business, and the acquisition of additional interests in the same joint operation. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the final standard is expected to have on its consolidated financial statements.

d)IFRS 14, Regulatory Deferral Accounts

The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2016, with earlier adoption permitted. The standard is to be applied upon first-time adoption of IFRS. Existing IFRS preparers are prohibited from applying this standard. As the Company has already adopted IFRS in previous years, this standard does not impact its operations.

e)IAS 24, Related Party Disclosures

The amendments to IAS 24, issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in December 2013, incorporated into Part I of the CPA Canada Handbook – Accounting by the Accounting Standards Board (AcSB) in March 2014, clarify that a management entity, or any member of a group of which it is a part, that provides key management services to a reporting entity, or its parent, is a related party of the reporting entity. The amendments also require an entity to disclose amounts incurred for key management personnel services provided by a separate management entity. This replaces the more detailed disclosure by category required for other key management personnel compensation. The amendments will only affect disclosure and are effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the final standard is expected to have on its consolidated financial statements.

17 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

7)Financial instruments and risk management
a)Financial instrument classification and measurement

Financial instruments of the Company carried on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position are carried at amortized cost with the exception of cash and warrant liability, which are carried at fair value. There are no significant differences between the carrying value of financial instruments and their estimated fair values as at
31 December 2014 and 31 December 2013.

The fair value of the Company’s cash is quoted in active markets. The Company classifies the fair value of these transactions according to the following hierarchy.

·Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments.
·Level 2 – quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
·Level 3 – valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

The Company’s cash has been assessed on the fair value hierarchy described above and classified as Level 1. The warrant liability has been classified as Level 3.

b)Fair values of financial assets and liabilities

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, amounts receivable, due to/from related parties, deposits, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities. At 31 December 2014 and 31 December 2013, the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents is fair value. Amounts receivable, due to/from related parties deposits and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature.

c)Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices will affect the Company’s earnings or the value of its financial instruments. Market risk is comprised of commodity price risk and interest rate risk. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control exposures within acceptable limits, while maximizing returns. The Company is not exposed to significant market risk.

d)Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will fail to discharge an obligation and cause the other party to incur a financial loss. The Company’s primary exposure to credit risk is on its bank accounts. The Company’s bank accounts are held with major banks in Canada, accordingly the Company believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk.

e)Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk of losses that arise as a result of changes in contracted interest rates. The Company is nominally exposed to interest rate risk.

18 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

f)Currency risk

Currency risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. To manage this risk the Company maintains only the minimum amount of foreign cash required to fund its on-going exploration expenditures. The Company is not exposed to significant foreign currency risk, as a 5% shift in foreign exchange rates would result in an impact of $500. At
31 December 2014 the Company held currency totalling the following:

Rounded (‘000’s)  

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Canadian dollars $ 9,000 $ 11,000
United States dollars $ 18,000 $ 27,000
g)Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk arises through the excess of financial obligations over available financial assets due at any point in time. The Company’s objective in managing liquidity risk is to maintain sufficient readily available reserves in order to meet its liquidity requirements at any point in time. As the Company has no significant source of cash flows this is a significant risk.

8)Equipment
    Equipment   Furniture & Equipment  

Computer

Hardware

 

Asset Under

Capital Lease

  Total
Cost or Deemed Cost                    
Balance at 01 January 2013 $ 18,712 $ 46,164 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 175,654
Additions   -   -   -   -   -
Balance at 31 December 2013 $ 18,712 $ 46,164 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 175,654
Balance at 01 January 2014 $ 18,712 $ 46,164 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 175,654
Additions   -   -   -   -   -
Balance at 31 December 2014 $ 18,712 $ 46,164 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 175,654
Depreciation                    
Balance at 01 January 2013 $ 16,267 $ 43,197 $ 67,050 $ 38,833 $ 165,347
Depreciation for the year   611   1,293   4,895   -   6,799
Balance at 31 December 2013 $ 16,878 $ 44,490 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 172,146
Balance at 01 January 2014 $ 16,878 $ 44,490 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 172,145
Depreciation for the year   611   1,229   -   -   1,840
Balance at 31 December 2014 $ 17,489 $ 45,719 $ 71,945 $ 38,833 $ 173,986
Carrying Amounts                    
At 01 January 2013 $ 2,445 $ 2,967 $ 4,895 $ - $ 10,307
At 31 December 2013 $ 1,834 $ 1,674 $ - $ - $ 3,508
At 31 December 2014 $ 1,222 $ 445 $ - $ - $ 1,668
19 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

9)Exploration and evaluation assets
Property Acquisition Costs   Idaho-Maryland   Buckskin Rawhide East   Buckskin Rawhide West   Koegel Property   Stewart Property   Rozan Property   Total
Balance at 01 January 2013 $ 747,219 $ 439,052 $ 10,029 $ 10,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,464,274
Acquisitions   -   -   10,000   10,000   -   -   20,000
Dispositions   (256,711)   -   -   -   -   -   (256,711)
Balance at 31 December 2013 $ 490,508 $ 439,052 $ 20,029 $ 20,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,227,563
Balance at 01 January 2014 $ 490,508 $ 439,052 $ 20,029 $ 20,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,227,563
Royalty payments   -   (20,000)   -   -   -   -   (20,000)
Acquisitions   -   110,000   10,000   10,000   -   -   130,000
Balance at 31 December 2014 $ 490,508 $ 529,052 $ 30,029 $ 30,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,337,563
a)Buckskin Rawhide East Property, Nevada

In November 2009 the Company entered into a lease and option to purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the rights to the Buckskin Rawhide East mineral claims (46 claims), a gold prospect located near Fallon, Nevada. The Company agreed to lease the property from Nevada Sunrise, LLC subject to the following advance royalty payments: $10,000 annually for the years 2009 to 2011; $20,000 in 2012; $40,000 in 2013, and $60,000 from 2014 to 2019. During the lease period, the Company could conduct exploration and, if warranted, complete a NI 43-101 compliant feasibility study. On completion of the feasibility study, the Company could acquire 100% ownership of the property by paying Nevada Sunrise, LLC an additional amount of $250,000. Nevada Sunrise, LLC was required to use these funds to purchase a retained 25% interest in the property from Maurice and Lorraine Castagne, pursuant to an underlying property agreement, and to transfer that title to the Company. Upon commercial production and after acquisition of 100% interest in the property, Nevada Sunrise, LLC would be entitled to a 2.5% NSR on production from the property. The annual lease payments of $10,000 due in December 2011 and 2010 were paid by the issuance of 106,290 and 49,424 common shares, respectively.

On 11 April 2011, the Company announced it had staked six additional claims, increasing the size of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property to 52 claims.

On 14 and 19 November 2012, the Company announced a series of transactions involving its Buckskin Rawhide East Property in Nevada. The Company announced it had signed an Option Agreement to complete an early buyout of all underlying property rights, including royalty rights, for its Buckskin Rawhide East Property. The Option provides that Emgold will pay two arm’s length parties (Nevada Sunrise LLC and the Castagne) an aggregate of $510,000 to allow the Company to consolidate a 100% interest in the 52 unpatented mineral claims, totalling 835 acres, that make up Buckskin Rawhide East Property. The Company also announced that it had signed an Agreement with Rawhide Mining LLC (“RMC”) pursuant to which the Company would issue to RMC, on a private placement basis, shares and warrants in an amount of CDN$1.0 million, part of which would be used to fund the above transaction. Also pursuant to the Agreement, upon completion of the title transfer of the 100% of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property to Emgold, the Company will subsequently lease the property to RMC. This transaction is occurring in a number of steps.

On 28 December 2012, the Company announced the first step of the above transaction. The first tranche of the private placement was closed for proceeds totalling CDN$465,000. A total of $400,000 from this tranche of the financing was used to acquire a 100% interest in 6 unpatented mining claims and a 75% interest in 40 unpatented mineral claims, including royalty interests, from one of the underlying property owners mentioned above.

20 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

On 01 February 2013, Emgold announced the closing of the second step of the above transaction, which included a second private placement, for proceeds of CDN$285,000. The Company completed the third step of the transaction, which will involve the acquisition of the remaining 25% of 40 unpatented mineral claims that make up part of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property. As part of this step, the remaining CDN$250,000 private placement was completed with RMC, of which $110,000 was used to acquire the 25% interest.

The fourth and final step with RMC was also completed and involved completion of a Lease Agreement, as outlined in the Company’s 21 August 2014 press release. RMC has leased the Buckskin Rawhide East Property from Emgold based on the following terms:

  1. The Lease Term is 20 years.
  2. Advance royalty payments will be $10,000 per year, paid by RMC to Emgold, with the first payment due at signing and subsequent payments due on the anniversary of the Lease Agreement.
  3. During the Lease Term, RMC will make all underlying claim fees to keep the claims in good standing.
  4. RMC will conduct a minimum of US$250,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 1.
  5. RMC will conduct an additional minimum of US$250,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 3, for a total of US$500,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 3.
  6. RMC will have the option of earning a 100% interest in the Property by bringing it into commercial production.
  7. Upon bringing the property into commercial production, RMC will make "Bonus Payments" to Emgold. Bonus Payments will be US$15 per ounce of gold when the price of gold ranges between US$1,200 per ounce and US$1,799 per ounce. If the price of gold exceeds US$1,800 per ounce, the Bonus Payment will increase to US$20 per ounce
  8. After meeting its exploration requirements, should RMC subsequently elect to drop the Property or decide not to advance it, the Property will be returned to Emgold. Should Emgold subsequently advance the Property into production, RMC shall then be entitled to the same type of Bonus Payments as contemplated in 7 above.

The Company has met all commitments on this property and up to the date of this report.

b)Buckskin Rawhide West Property, Nevada

On 24 January 2012, the Company signed a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement with Jeremy C. Wire to acquire the PC and RH mineral claims, located 0.3 miles west of Emgold’s existing Buckskin Rawhide Property, in Mineral County, Nevada. The PC and RH claims, called Buckskin Rawhide West, comprise 21 unpatented lode mining claims totalling 420 acres. Pursuant to the lease agreement, advance royalty payments will be payable by the Company to Jeremy C. Wire in the amount of $10,000 per year during years 2013 to 2014, $20,000 in 2015 and $30,000 per year in years 2016 to 2018. Payments may be made in cash or shares, based on the discretion of the Company or the owner, depending on the year. The Company issued 125,000 common shares during the quarter two for the property payment for the Buckskin Rawhide West property. The Company has met all commitments on this property as up to date of this report.

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Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

c)Koegel Rawhide , Nevada

On 13 February, 2013, the Company announced it had signed a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement with Jeremy C. Wire to acquire the RHT and GEL claims, located four miles south of the Company’s Buckskin Rawhide Claims in Mineral County, Nevada. The RHT and GEL claims “Koegel Rawhide Property” comprise 19 unpatented lode mining claims totalling 380 acres. Pursuant to the lease agreement, advance royalty payment will be payable by the Company to Jeremy C. Wire in the amount of $10,000 per year during years 2013 to 2014, $20,000 in 2015 and $30,000 per year in years 2016 to 2018. Payments may be made in cash or shares, based on the discretion of the Company or the owner, depending on the year. In 2012, consideration payable in the amounts of $5,000 cash and $5,000 equivalent in common shares (50,000 shares) were paid, as per the Agreement, upon TSX-Venture Exchange Approval.

On 15 February 2012, the Company announced it has staked an additional 17 unpatented claims to expand this property to 36 unpatented mineral claims totalling 720 acres. The Company issued 111,000 common shares during quarter two for the annual property payment for the Koegel Rawhide property. The Company has met all commitments on this property up to the date of this report.

d)Stewart Property, British Columbia

Pursuant to an option agreement entered into in 2001 and completed in 2008, the Company acquired the rights to the Stewart mineral claims, a prospect located close to Nelson in south eastern British Columbia. The Company holds a 100% right, title and interest in and to the property, subject only to a 3% NSR payable to the options. The Company has the right to purchase 66% of the royalty for the sum of CDN$1,000,000 and has the first right of refusal to purchase the remaining 33%. The stewart claims have assessment work completed that holds them in good standing until 31 January 2023.

e)Rozan Property, British Columbia

In 2000, the Company entered into an option agreement now completed to acquire the rights to the Rozan Property, a prospect located in British Columbia. The Company holds a 100% interest in the property, subject to a 3.0% NSR. The Company has the right to purchase 66% of the royalty for the sum of CDN$1,000,000 and has the first right of refusal to purchase the remaining 33%.

During the year ended 31 December 2010, the Company entered into a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Valterra Resource Corporation (“Valterra”). The Agreement called for cumulative work commitments of $1,000,000 over 5 years, with a commitment of $50,000 in 2010, $200,000 in 2011, and $250,000 in each of years 3 to 5.

In January 2012, after failing to meet its work commitments on the Rozan Property, Valterra announced that it has elected to terminate the Agreement with the Company and the property was returned to Emgold. Rozan claims have assessment work completed that holds them in good standing until 15 March, 2023.

f)Idaho-Maryland Property, California

In fiscal 2002, the Company renegotiated a lease with the owners of the Idaho-Maryland Property (“BET properties”) and surrounding areas in the Grass Valley Mining District, California, which was extended three times and expired in February 2013. The Lease Option to Purchase Agreement was for 91 acres of surface rights and 2,750 aces of mineral rights associated with the I-M Property (“BET properties”). The Company is seeking to either extend this Agreement or to purchase the mineral rights subject to financing. Permitting activities for the Idaho-Maryland Project remain on hold.

22 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

At this point in time, Emgold had not been able to reach a suitable agreement with the BET Trust to re-lease the Idaho-Maryland Property. The BET Trust has listed 145 acres of land and 2,750 acres of mineral rights (mostly subsurface) for sale in Grass valley for $2.75 million. Emgold currently owns 27.2 acres (the Lausman Property) and 7.1 acres (the Round Hole Property) of land in Grass Valley. Emgold has also listed its land for sale. Emgold also owns 35 acres of subsurface mineral rights in Grass Valley.

g)Exploration and evaluation expenditures
Exploration expenditures   Idaho-Maryland   Buckskin Rawhide East   Buckskin Rawhide West   Koegel Property   Stewart Property   Rozan Property   Total
Administration $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Claim fees   -   27,826   3,147   5,427   -   -   36,400
Field transport   -   2,028   -   -   -   -   2,028
Geological   -   64,404   -   -   148   149   64,701
Year ended 31 December 2013 $ - $ 94,258 $ 3,147 $ 5,427 $ 148 $ 149 $ 103,129
Administration $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Assaying   -   -   -   -   -   585   585
Claim fees   -   400   7,559   5,970   -   -   13,929
Geological   -   -   -   -   (2,489)   (2,489)   (4,978)
General   34,065   -   -   -   -   -   34,065
Year ended 31 December 2014 $ 34,065 $ 400 $ 7,559 $ 5,970 $ (2,489) $ (1,904) $ 43,601

 

10)Related party transactions

Related party transactions and balances not disclosed elsewhere in the Financial Statements are as follows:

Related Party Disclosure          
Name and Principal Position

Fiscal

Year(i)

  Remuneration
or fees(ii)
 

Share-based

awards

CEO and President – management fees

2014

2013

$

$

92,500

185,000

 

-

3,500

A Company of which the CFO is a director (iii) - management fees

2014

2013

$

$

32,584

34,945

 

-

1,750

A Company of which the CFO is a director (iii) - accounting

2014

2013

$

$

13,325

17,633

 

-

-

Directors

2014

2013

$

$

-

-

 

-

7,000

                  (i)                        For the year ended 31 December 2014 and 2013.

                (ii)                        Amounts disclosed were paid or accrued to the related party.

              (iii)                        A company of which the CFO, Grant T. Smith, is a director.

At 31 December 2014, fees of $572,314 (2013 – $528,213) payable to David Watkinson; fees of $55,767 (2013 – $22,789) payable to Clearline; fees of $Nil (2013 – $27,286) payable to 759924 Ontario Ltd. All amounts were included in accounts payable or due to related parties.

During the prior year the Company recognized a bad debt expense due to the write-off of accounts receivable from a former director in the amount of $12,756.

23 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The Company recognized a recovery of $47,988 from settlement of an amount payable to the CEO for living allowances.

Also during Fiscal 2014, the Company recognized a gain on settlement of liabilities of $24,696 from settlement of an amount payable to a former director.

During the prior year, the Company implemented a new internal policy resulting in a write-off of $54,557 of vacation accrual for the CEO.

Due to related parties includes $8,000 which bears interest at 12% per annum. Remaining related party balances are non-interest bearing and are due on demand, with no fixed terms of repayment. These transactions occurred in the normal course of operations and are measured at their exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties.

11)Share capital
a)Authorized

Unlimited - Number of common shares without par value.

Unlimited - Number of preference shares without par value.

b)Common shares, issued and fully paid

As at 31 December 2014, the Company issued 77,823,462 (31 December 2013 – 72,587,462) common shares. On 11 April 2014, the Company issued 236,000 common shares in connection with its previously signed mineral property agreements with a contract value of $20,000. On 18 July 2014, the Company issued 5,000,000 common shares to Rawhide Mining LLC at a price of CDN $0.05 per Unit. The private placement is the third and final tranche of a CDN $1 million private placement that is part of a series of Buckskin Rawhide East Property transactions.

c)Stock options

The Company has a rolling stock option plan for its directors and employees to acquire common shares of the Company at a price determined by the fair market value of the shares at the date of grant. The maximum aggregate number of common shares reserved for issuance pursuant to the plan is 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares.

Stock option activity during the year is summarized as follows:

Stock option activity

31 December

2014

 

Weighted

average

exercise

price

31 December

2013

 

Weighted

average

exercise

price

Balance – beginning of year 7,030,665 $ 0.16 4,969,665 $ 0.19
Granted -   - 3,000,000   0.10
Expired (64,000)   0.175 (239,000)   0.175
Cancelled and forfeited -   - (700,000)   0.15
Balance – end of year 6,966,665   0.16 7,030,665   0.16
24 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Details of stock options outstanding as at 31 December 2014 are as follows:

Expiry Date  

Exercise

Price

(CDN$)

31 December

2014

31 December

2013

12 July 2014 $ 0.175 - 64,000
17 March 2015 $ 0.25 466,665 466,665
08 December 2015 $ 0.25 1,500,000 1,500,000
07 May 2017 $ 0.15 1,800,000 1,800,000
22 May 2017 $ 0.15 200,000 200,000
11 October 2018 $ 0.10 3,000,000 3,000,000
      6,966,665 7,030,665

The outstanding options have a weighted-average exercise price of $0.16 (31 December 2013 - $0.16). The weighted-average remaining life of the options is 2.52 years (31 December 2013 – 3.49) years.

As at 31 December 2014, all 6,966,665 (31 December 2013 – 7,030,665) of these outstanding options had vested. As at 31 December 2014 and 31 December 2013, none of the outstanding options were in the money.

d)Warrants

Warrant activity during the year is summarized as follows:

Warrant Activity

31 December

2014(i)

 

Weighted

average

exercise price

31 December

2013(i)

 

Weighted

average

exercise price

Balance – beginning of year 8,985,003 $ 0.19 35,495,784 $ 0.25
Issued 2,500,000   0.10 2,850,000   0.12
Exercised -   - -   -
Expired (3,321,428)   0.12 (29,360,781)   0.16
Balance – end of year 8,163,575   0.19 8,985,003   0.19
(i)The number of warrants is expressed in equivalent number of common shares, which may be issuable upon exercise of the warrants.

Details of warrants outstanding as at 31 December 2014 are as follows:

Issued Expiry  

Exercise

Price

31 December

2014

31 December

2013

09 September 2010 09 September 2015   0.35 2,813,575 2,813,575
28 December 2012 28 December 2014   0.15(i) - 3,321,428
01 February 2013 01 February 2015   0.12(i) 2,850,000 2,850,000
18 July 2014 18 July 2016   0.10(i) 2,500,000 -
        8,163,575 8,985,003
(i)The exercise prices of these warrants are stated in Canadian funds.

In accordance with IFRS, an obligation to issue shares for a price that is not fixed in the Company’s functional currency, and that does not qualify as a rights offering, must be classified as a derivative liability and measured at fair value with changes recognized in the condensed interim consolidated statement of comprehensive loss as they arise. In the year ended 31 December 2014, the Company recognized a warrant liability of $Nil
(31 December 2013 - $Nil). The warrants were valued and subsequently re-valued on the Company’s reporting dates using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with the following assumptions: weighted average risk free rate of 1.00%, volatility factors of 69% and an expected life of 19 months. An unrealized loss on warrant liability of $2,715 has been recorded for the year ended 31 December 2014 (31 December 2013 - $37,243).

25 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Warrant liability movement during the year is summarized as follows:

Warrant Liability

31 December

2014

  Fair Value

31 December

2013

  Fair Value
Balance – beginning of year 6,171,428 $ - 31,946,495 $ 30,411
Issued 2,500,000   3,000 2,850,000   6,832
Canadian valued warrants expired (3,321,428)   - (28,625,067)   (29,243)
Expired -   - -   -
Fair market value adjustment (gain) loss -   (3,000) -   (8,000)
Balance – end of year 5,350,000 $ - 6,171,428 $ -
e)Stock-based compensation

For the year ended 31 December 2014 and the year ended 31 December 2013, the Company issued stock options to its directors, officers, employees, and consultants and recognized stock-based compensation as follows:

     

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Total options granted     -   3,000,000
Average exercise price   $ - $ 0.10
Estimated fair value of compensation   $ - $ 15,000
Estimated fair value per option   $ - $ 0.005

The fair value of the stock-based compensation of options to be recognized in the accounts has been estimated using the Black-Scholes Model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

     

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Risk free interest rate     -   1.71%
Expected dividend yield     -   0.00%
Expected stock price volatility     -   61%
Expected option life in years     -   3
Expected maturity rate     -   60-100%

Stock-based compensation for the options that vested during the year is as follows:

     

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Number of options vested     -   3,000,000
Compensation recognized   $ - $ 15,000

The Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model was created for use in estimating the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options. The Company’s employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the highly subjective input assumptions can materially affect the calculated values, management believes that the accepted Black-Scholes model does not necessarily provide a reliable measure of the fair value of the Company’s stock option awards.

26 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

12)Capital disclosures

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, based on the funds available to the Company, in order to support the acquisition and exploration of mineral properties. The Board of Directors does not establish quantitative return on capital criteria for management, but rather relies on the expertise of the Company’s management to sustain future development of the business. The Company defines capital that it manages as share capital.

Management reviews its capital management approach on an on-going basis and believes that this approach is reasonable and appropriate relative to the size of the Company.

The Company is in the business of mineral exploration and has no source of operating revenue. Operations are financed through the issuance of capital stock or liability instruments, or through the sale of property, plant, and equipment. Capital raised is held in cash in an interest bearing bank account until such time as it is required to pay operating expenses or resource property costs. The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital restrictions. Its objectives in managing its capital are to safeguard its cash and its ability to continue as a going concern, and to utilize as much of its available capital as possible for exploration activities. The Company’s objectives have not changed during the year ended 31 December 2014.

13)Segmented disclosure

The Company operates in one operating segment, which is the acquisition, exploration, and development of mineral property interests. The following table provides segmented disclosure on assets and liabilities as reviewed by management regularly:

Rounded to 000’s     Canada   United States   Total
31 December 2014              
Current Assets   $ 27,000 $ 7,000 $ 34,000
Long-term Assets              
Property and equipment     -   2,000   2,000
Resource properties     867,000   491,000   1,358,000
Other     11,000   -   11,000
Liabilities              
Current Liabilities     (138,000)   (623,000)   (761,000)
Long-term Liabilities     -   -   -
31 December 2013              
Current Assets   $ 32,000 $ 13,000 $ 45,000
Long-term Assets              
Property and equipment     -   4,000   4,000
Resource properties     737,000   491,000   1,228,000
Other     12,000   3,000   15,000
Liabilities              
Current Liabilities     (116,000)   (555,000)   (671,000)

 

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Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14)Income taxes

The following table reconciles the expected income taxes expense (recovery) at the Canadian statutory income tax rates to the amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended
31 December 2014 and 2013:

     

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Loss before income taxes   $ (244,138) $ (258,169)
Statutory income tax rate     26.00%   25.75%
Expected tax recovery     (63,476)   (66,487)
Differences resulting from:          
Non-deductible items     88   7,252
Change in estimates     368,546   (885,063)
Share issuance costs     (523)   (272)
Change in tax rates     -   (1,929,943)
Losses expired     255,586   -
Foreign tax rate difference     (19,913)   (13,934)
Change in deferred tax asset not recognized     (540,308)   2,888,448
Provision for income taxes   $ - $ -

The British Columbia corporate tax rate has increased during the year, resulting in an increase in the Company’s combined statutory tax rate. Deferred taxes reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their tax values. Deferred tax assets at
31 December 2014 and 2013 are comprised of the following:

     

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Canada          
Non capital loss carryforwards   $ 2,602,896 $ 2,799,697
Exploration and evaluation assets     4,199,752   4,200,894
Capital losses     5,131   5,131
Property and equipment     6,977   6,977
Financial instrument     2,592   2,592
Investment tax credit     73,344   73,344
Financing cost     20,484   51,551
      6,911,176   7,140,186
Deferred tax asset not recognized     6,911,176   7,140,186
Net deferred tax asset (liability)   $ - $ -
USA          
Net operating loss carryfowards   $ 8,766,876 $ 8,433,777
Property and equipment     52,689   67,283
Mineral property     2,236,217   2,866,020
      11,055,782   11,367,080
Deferred tax asset not recognized     11,055,782   11,367,080
Net deferred tax asset (liability)   $ - $ -
28 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company has non-capital loss carryforwards of approximately $10,011,139 (2013 - $10,768,066) which may be carried forward to apply against future year income tax for Canadian income tax purposes, subject to the final determination by taxation authorities, expiring in the following years:

Year of Expiry   Taxable Loss
2015 $ 1,727,884
2026   1,569,577
2027   1,852,381
2028   1,170,217
2029   1,128,429
2030   728,100
2031   801,494
2032   525,988
2033   280,971
2034   226,098
Total $ 10,011,139

In addition, the Company has capital losses of approximately $39,471, which may be carried forward indefinitely to reduce future capital gains.

The Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $22,008,304 (2013 - $21,172,973) which may be carried forward to apply against future year income tax for US tax purposes, as follows:

Year of Expiry               Total
2018             $ 419,779
2019               363,828
2020               268,287
2021               154,928
2022               313,643
2023               254,921
2024               1,633,972
2025               1,169,211
2026               1,418,934
2027               1,951,724
2028               2,480,011
2029               1,848,103
2030               2,240,579
2031               2,209,605
2032               1,820,125
2033               1,658,891
2034               1,761,533
Total             $ 22,008,304

The deferred tax assets have not been recognized because at this stage of the Company’s development, it is not determinable that future taxable profit will be available against which that Company can utilize such deferred tax assets.

29 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation

US Dollars

 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

15)Gain on sale of equipment

During Fiscal 2014 and 2013, the Company sold equipment to various third parties at arms-length. The equipment sold generated proceeds of $6,246 (2013 - $35,023). The full amount has been recorded as a gain on the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss as all equipment sold was previously amortized in full.

16)Gain on settlement of liabilities

During the year ended 31 December 2013, $84,352 of accrued liabilities became statue barred due to the lapse of time. This resulted in the write-off of the liability and the recovery of previously expensed amounts through the statement of comprehensive loss.

17)Gain on renegotiation of accounts payable

During the year ended 31 December 2013 the Company renegotiated various payable balances with vendors. The negotiations resulted in the Company settling a number of payables for less than what was recorded on the books, resulting in a non-cash gain of $22,089 during the year.

18)Subsequent events

There have been no significant or notable events subsequent to the year ended 31 December 2014, up to the date of this report.

 

 

30 | Page  
   

EX-99.2 3 mda.htm MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014, 2013, AND 2012 CA Filed by Filing Services Canada Inc. 403-717-3898

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Emgold Mining Corporation

(An Exploration Stage Company)

 

Management Discussion and Analysis
For the Year Ended 31 December 2014
Stated in US Dollars
Date: 28 April 2015

 

 

 

 

   
   

Table of Contents

To Our Shareholders 1
Overview 2
Results of Operations 9
Selected Annual Information 11
Financial Data for the Last Eight Quarters 11
Exploration and Evaluation Expenditures 12
Investing Activities 13
Capital Resources 13
Share Capital 13
Financing Activities 14
Going Concern 14
Plans for 2015 and On-going 15
Related Party Transactions and Balances 16
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements 17
Critical Judgment in Applying Accounting Policies 17
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty 18
Financial Instruments and Other Instruments 18
Management of Capital 19
Disclosure Controls and Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting 20
Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls 20
Additional Disclosure for Venture Issuers without Significant Revenue 20
Investor Relations Activities 21
Approval 21
Caution on Forward-Looking Information 21

 

 

 

 

   
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

To Our Shareholders

The following information, should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Emgold Mining Corporation (“Emgold” or “the Company”) for the year ended 31 December 2014 (fiscal 2014) and 2013 (fiscal 2013) and the related notes attached thereto, which were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). All amounts are expressed in U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated.

Certain statements included herein may constitute forward-looking statements, such as estimates and statements that describe our future plans, objectives or goals, including words to the effect that we expect or management expects a stated condition or result to occur. Such forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbour provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Since forward-looking statements address future events and conditions, by their very nature they involve inherent risks and uncertainties. The following list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect any of our forward-looking statements. These and other factors should be considered carefully and readers should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.

Subject to applicable law, the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to revise or update forward-looking statements in the event actual results differ from those currently anticipated. Actual results relating to exploration, mining, processing, manufacturing, and reclamation activities including results of exploration, mineral resource and reserve determination, results of operations, and results of reclamation, as well as associated capital and operating costs could differ materially from those currently anticipated. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements by reason of factors such as changes in general economic conditions and conditions in the financial markets, changes in demand, and changes in prices for the products that may be produced. Other factors that may affect actual results include the litigation, legislative, environmental and other judicial, regulatory, political and competitive developments in domestic and foreign areas in which we operate, such as technological and operational difficulties encountered in connection with our activities, productivity of our resource properties, labour relations matters, labour costs, material and equipment costs and changing foreign exchange rates. This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect any of our forward-looking statements. These and other factors should be considered carefully and readers should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Further information regarding these and other factors is included in our filings with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (which may be viewed at www.sec.gov) and Canadian provincial securities regulatory authorities (which may be viewed at www.sedar.com).

The table below sets forth the significant forward-looking information included in this MD&A:

Forward-Looking Information Key Assumptions Most Relevant Risk Factors
Future funding for ongoing operations The Company will be able to raise these funds The Company has disclosed that this may be difficult and failure to raise these funds will materially impact the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern
Status of the Idaho-Maryland Project The Company will be able to extend or renegotiate the Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement on certain surface and mineral rights associated with the Project The Company has disclosed a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement on certain surface and mineral rights expired on 01 February 2013.  Failure to extend this agreement may materially impact the Company.
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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Overview

Emgold is a gold exploration and mine development company with properties located in the western U.S. and Canada. Our vision is to “acquire high-quality gold assets in safe and stable jurisdictions of the world and advance them through exploration, feasibility, permitting, and construction with the goal of ultimately becoming a new gold producer”.

The Company has a three gold and silver exploration projects located in the Rawhide Mining District, Nevada, adjacent to or near the producing Denton Rawhide Mine. These Properties include the Buckskin Rawhide East, Buckskin Rawhide West, and Koegel Rawhide Properties. High grade vein and bulk disseminated gold exploration targets have been identified on these Properties for further exploration. The Company also has two poly-metallic exploration projects located in the Nelson District of British Columbia. Gold, silver, molybdenum and tungsten targets have been identified and drilled on the Stewart Property. Gold targets have been identified and drilled on the Rozan Property.

Emgold’s key property is currently the Buckskin Rawhide East Property. It is located adjacent to the Denton Rawhide Mine with a reported production of 1.6 million ounces of gold and 13.5 million ounces of silver from 1990 to 2012 (Source: The Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Special Publication, MI-2012). The Property is currently leased to Rawhide Mining LLC (“RMC”), the owner and operator of the Denton Rawhide Mine, and they plan to conduct exploration on the Property with the goal of delineating mineral resources. If exploration is successful, RMC will evaluate the viability of mining and processing such resources using facilities at the adjacent Denton Rawhide Mine. RMC has the option to acquire a 100% interest in the Property by bringing it into commercial production. At that point Emgold’s interest will convert to “Gold Bonus Payments”, effectively a royalty on gold produced from the Property.

Between 2003 and 2013, the Company has been involved in permitting the reopening of the historic Idaho-Maryland Gold Mine located in Grass Valley, California (the “I-M Project”). However, the Project was placed on hold on 26 October 2011 due to poor equity market conditions and will remain on hold until such time as the Company is able to raise sufficient funds to advance the Project through the permitting process. On 10 September 2013, the Company’s permit applications were deemed withdrawn by the City of Grass Valley and will have to be resubmitted if and when the Company is ready to move forward with the permitting process. On
01 February 2013, the Company announced that the Lease Option to Purchase Agreement for certain surface and mineral rights associated with the Idaho-Maryland Project had expired. Should negotiations to extend the Agreement be unsuccessful, Emgold has stated it will terminate the Project and focus on the other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio.

Significant Events and Transactions during the Period

Buckskin Rawhide East Property, NV

As announced in 11 July 2014, 18 July 2014, and 28 July 2014 press releases, the Company completed the third step in a series of transactions related to the acquisition of 100% of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property, a CDN $1 million private placement by Rawhide Mining LLC (“RMC”) into Emgold, and subsequent lease of the Property to RMC. This third step involved the acquisition of the remaining 25% of 40 unpatented mineral claims that make up part of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property. As part of this step, the remaining CAD$250,000 private placement was completed with RMC, of which $110,000 was used to acquire the 25% interest.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

 

The fourth and final step with RMC was also completed and involved completion of a Lease Agreement, as outlined in the Company’s 21 August 2014 press release. RMC has leased the Buckskin Rawhide East Property from Emgold based on the following terms:

1.The Lease Term is 20 years.
2.Advance royalty payments will be $10,000 per year, paid by RMC to Emgold, with the first payment due at signing and subsequent payments due on the anniversary of the Lease Agreement.
3.During the Lease Term, RMC will make all underlying claim fees to keep the claims in good standing.
4.RMC will conduct a minimum of US$250,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 1.
5.RMC will conduct an additional minimum of US$250,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 3, for a total of US$500,000 in exploration activities by the end of Year 3.
6.RMC will have the option of earning a 100% interest in the Property by bringing it into commercial production.
7.Upon bringing the property into commercial production, RMC will make "Bonus Payments" to Emgold. Bonus Payments will be US$15 per ounce of gold when the price of gold ranges between US$1,200 per ounce and US$1,799 per ounce. If the price of gold exceeds US$1,800 per ounce, the Bonus Payment will increase to US$20 per ounce
8.After meeting its exploration requirements, should RMC subsequently elect to drop the Property or decide not to advance it, the Property will be returned to Emgold. Should Emgold subsequently advance the Property into production, RMC shall then be entitled to the same type of Bonus Payments as contemplated in 7 above.

Idaho-Maryland Property, CA

On 01 February 2013 a Lease Option to Purchase Agreement for 91 acres of surface rights and 2,750 aces of mineral rights associated with the Idaho-Maryland Project expired (“BET properties”). Should negotiations to extend the agreement be unsuccessful, Emgold has stated it will terminate the Project and focus on the other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio. Permitting activities for the Idaho-Maryland Project remain on hold.

At this point in time, Emgold had not been able to reach a suitable agreement with the BET Trust to re-lease or acquire the Idaho-Maryland Property. The BET Trust has listed 145 acres of land and 2,750 acres of mineral rights (mostly subsurface) for sale in Grass valley for $2.75 million. Emgold currently owns 27.2 acres (the Lausman Property) and 7.1 acres (the Round Hole Property) of land in Grass Valley. Emgold has also listed its land for sale. Emgold also owns 35 acres of subsurface mineral rights in Grass Valley.

Other Properties

On all of the Company’s other properties, there is no activity to report.

Corporate

The Company continues to focus on raising capital to advance its projects and support corporate overhead.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

 

 

Buckskin Rawhide East Property, Nevada

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property is situated within the Walker Lane structural zone and gold belt of Western Nevada. The Walker Lane is a regional shear zone of right lateral strike slip faulting and a known gold trend that hosts large and small historic and currently operating gold-silver mines, including mines of the Comstock Lode, Tonopah Mining District and Rawhide Mining District. The geology and mineralization on the Property are associated with lithologic units and structures of the Rawhide volcanic center, as well as structures from the Walker Lane and Basin and Range. Exploration results at Buckskin Rawhide East Property indicate the potential for high grade mineralized gold/silver veins and bulk mineable disseminated gold/silver zones

The Buckskin Rawhide East Property, totaling 52 unpatented mineral claims, is an early stage gold/silver exploration property located adjacent to and bounded on the east and south by the Denton Rawhide Mine, a gold/silver mine that is owned and operated by Rawhide Mining LLC. The Denton Rawhide Mine was formerly operated by Kennecott Rawhide Mining Company, a subsidiary of Rio Tinto Mining Corporation. It is also adjacent to and bounded on the north and west by the Regent gold-silver Property (“Regent Property”), also owned Rawhide Mining LLC. The Regent Property was formerly drilled by Kennecott Rawhide Mining Company, Newmont Exploration Company, and Pilot Gold Corporation. Denton Rawhide Mine is reported to have produced 1.6 million ounces of gold and 12.5 million ounces of silver between 1990 and 2012 (source: The Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Special Publication, MI-2012).

In 2009, Emgold signed a Lease and Option to Purchase Agreement with Nevada Sunrise LLC and leased a 100% interest in 46 claims that made up the original Buckskin Rawhide East Property. Forty of these claims were 75% owned by Nevada Sunrise LLC and 25% owned (but controlled by Nevada Sunrise LLC through a carried interest) by the Castagne Estate. Six claims were owned by Nevada Sunrise LLC. Subsequently, Emgold staked six additional claims increasing the property size to 52 claims.

On 14 and 19 November 2013, the Company announced that it had signed an Agreement with Rawhide Mining LLC (“RMC”) pursuant to which the Company would issue to RMC, on a private placement basis, shares and warrants in an amount of CAD$1.0 million, part of which would be used to fund the acquisition of 46 claims outlined above owned from Nevada Sunrise LLC and the Castagne Estate. Also, pursuant to the Agreement, upon completion of the title transfer of the 100% of the Buckskin Rawhide East Property to Emgold, the Company will subsequently lease the property to RMC.

At year end, Emgold currently owns 100% of the 52 claims that make up the Buckskin Rawhide East Property. Emgold has leased these claims to RMC who will conduct exploration on the property. After meeting its exploration requirements, RMC has the option to acquire a 100% interest in the claims subject to “Bonus Payments” to Emgold. After meeting its exploration requirements, should RMC subsequently elect to drop the Property or decide not to advance it, the Property will be returned to Emgold.

Historic RC drilling on the property in the 1980’s and 1990’s totaled 113 holes and 53,370 feet.

RMC conducted exploration on Buckskin Rawhide East in 2013 (22 holes totaling 7,100 feet). No exploration work was done on the Property in the year.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

 

Buckskin Rawhide West Property, Nevada

The Buckskin Rawhide West Property, totaling 21 mineral claims, is an early stage gold/silver exploration property located two miles west of the Denton Rawhide Mine, a gold/silver mine that is owned and operated by Rawhide Mining LLC. The Buckskin Rawhide East Property, totaling 52 mineral claims, is an early stage gold/silver Property, also controlled by Emgold, located several thousand feet east but not adjacent to Buckskin Rawhide West.

Exploration results at Buckskin Rawhide West Property indicate the potential for high grade mineralized gold/silver veins and bulk mineable disseminated gold/silver zones. The development alternatives included advancing the Buckskin Rawhide West Property as a standalone gold/silver exploration project or working with Rawhide Mining LLC to explore and develop the Property.

Emgold has a lease and option to purchase agreement with Jeremy Wire, an individual, for 21 unpatented mining claims at Buckskin Rawhide West. The terms of this agreement were disclosed in an Emgold news release dated
06 February 2013.

Emgold has agreed to lease the property from Jeremy Wire subject to the following payments:

Year  

Advance Royalty

Payment

 
2012 $ 10,000 (paid) (1)
2013 $ 10,000 (paid) (2)
2014 $ 10,000 (paid) (2)
2015 $ 20,000 (3)
2016 $ 30,000 (3)
2017 $ 30,000 (3)
2018 $ 30,000 (3)

Note: (1) An initial lease payment paid 50% in cash and 50% in Emgold common shares. (2) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of Emgold. (3) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of the Lessor. Shares will be issued at "market value" which means the volume weighted closing price of the shares on the TSX Venture Exchange or the most senior stock exchange or quotation system on which the shares are then listed or quoted for fifteen (15) trading days ending on the date that is five (5) business days before the applicable payment is due, subject to a minimum price of USD$0.08 per share.

During the lease period, Emgold may conduct exploration and, if warranted, complete a NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Property. On making the above payments and completion of the Technical Report, Emgold will acquire 100% ownership of the property. In the event that commercial production occurs, Mr. Wire will be entitled to a two percent Net Smelter Royalty on production from the property. Emgold will retain the right to purchase this royalty for $1 million, less any advance royalty payments already made.

No exploration work was conducted on the property in the year.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Koegel Rawhide Property, Nevada

The Koegel Rawhide Property is an early stage gold/silver exploration property located about four miles south of the Denton Rawhide Mine, a gold/silver mine that is owned and operated by Rawhide Mining LLC. The Rawhide Mine was formerly operated by Kennecott Rawhide Mining Company, a subsidiary of Rio Tinto Mining Corporation with reported production (by Kennecott) of 1.4 million ounces of gold and 10 million ounces of silver between 1988 and 2005. It is also south of Emgold’s Buckskin Rawhide Property and the Regent gold-silver Property, owned by Rawhide Mining LLC. The Regent Property was formerly drilled by Kennecott Rawhide Mining Company and Newmont Exploration Company.

Geologic mapping by Charles P. Watson, a consulting geologist, in the years 1991-1992, indicates the Property is covered mostly by Tertiary (Pliocene) age intermediate volcanic rocks including andesitic tuff breccias, sills and dikes. The volcanic units have been folded into minor anticlines and faulted. Faults of several orientations occur on the Property with north, northwest and northeast trends. Hydrothermal alteration (clay and silica) is present and is associated with structures and mineralization.

Emgold has a lease and option to purchase agreement with Jeremy Wire, an individual, for 19 unpatented mining claims at Koegel Rawhide. The terms of this agreement were disclosed in an Emgold news release dated
13 February 2013. Emgold has agreed to lease the property from Jeremy Wire subject to the following payments:

Year  

Advance Royalty

Payment

 
2012 $ 10,000 (paid) (1)
2013 $ 10,000 (paid) (2)
2014 $ 10,000 (paid) (2)
2015 $ 20,000 (3)
2016 $ 30,000 (3)
2017 $ 30,000 (3)
2018 $ 30,000 (3)

Note: (1) An initial lease payment paid 50% in cash and 50% in Emgold common shares. (2) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of Emgold. (3) Lease payments may be paid in cash or Emgold common shares, at the discretion of the Lessor. Shares will be issued at "market value" which means the volume weighted closing price of the shares on the TSX Venture Exchange or the most senior stock exchange or quotation system on which the shares are then listed or quoted for fifteen (15) trading days ending on the date that is five (5) business days before the applicable payment.

During the lease period, Emgold may conduct exploration and, if warranted, complete a NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Property. On making the above payments and completion of the Technical Report, Emgold will acquire 100% ownership of the property. In the event that commercial production occurs, Mr. Wire will be entitled to a two percent Net Smelter Royalty on production from the property. Emgold will retain the right to purchase this royalty for $1 million, less any advance royalty payments already made.

On 15 February 2013, the Company announced that it had staked an additional 17 unpatented mining claims totaling 340 acres. This increased the size of the Koegel Rawhide Property to 36 unpatented mining claims totaling 720 acres.

No exploration work was conducted on the property in the year.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Stewart Property, British Columbia

In 2001, the Company entered into an option agreement to acquire the rights to the Stewart mineral claims, a polymetallic prospect located close to Nelson in south-eastern British Columbia. The Company has earned a 100% interest in the property, subject to an underlying royalty interest.

The Stewart Property is an early stage exploration property. It is located in a region of historic mining activity, and is part of a large geological trend of tungsten, molybdenum and gold mineralization. The Stewart Property contains a number of gold, molybdenum, tungsten and silver-lead-zinc prospects. The property has been assessed by various operators since 1967, each exploring a different type of mineral deposit. Much data is available from those programs as well as work done by Emgold. Five main exploration targets have been identified to date – the Stewart Moly Zone, the Craigtown Creek Gold Zone, the Stewart Creek Gold Zone, the Arrow Tungsten Zone, and the Free Silver Zone.

The Stewart Property is located west and adjacent to the Yankee Dundee Property, which contains a number of historic gold mines including the Yankee Girl Mine. The Yankee Girl Mine operated between 1907 and 1051 producing 375,000 tons of ore at an average recovered grade of 10.26 grams per tonne gold and 12.51 grams per tonne silver (source: B.C Ministry of Energy, Mines, and Natural Gas data available at www.minfile.gov.bc.ca). However, proximity of Stewart to other properties such as Yankee Dundee does not guarantee exploration success. However, similar geology, structures, and the presence of historic workings on the Property does increase the potential for discovery.

A total of 31 diamond drill holes were completed by Shell, Cominco, Selco, and Cameco on the Property between 1980 and 2000, totaling 4,495.1 meters. To date, Emgold has drilled 72 diamond drill holes totaling 9,242.1 meters with a number of significant intercepts.

No exploration work was completed on the property in the year.

Rozan Property, British Columbia

In 2000, the Company entered into an option agreement to acquire the rights to the Rozan Property, a prospect located south of the community of Nelson in the Red Mountain area of south eastern British Columbia. The Company holds a 100% interest in the property, subject to an underlying royalty interest.

The Rozan Property is an early stage polymetallic exploration property in the same geological trend as the Stewart Property. Exploration by Emgold has included geological mapping, geochemical sampling and geophysical surveys along with small drilling programs, all of which had encouraging results. The Rozan Property has the potential for high-grade gold veins, bulk mineable disseminated gold zones, and possibly other metals.

The Property is located west and adjacent to the Kena Property. The Kena Property hosts a measured and indicated mineral resource of 25.3 million tonnes at 0.60 gram per tonne gold (489,000 ounces) and an inferred resource of 90.4 million tons at 0.48 gram per tonne gold (1,399,000 ounces of gold) (source: Altair Gold Press Release dated April 11, 2013). However, proximity of Rozan to other properties such as Kena does not guarantee exploration success. However, similar geology, structures, and the presence of historic workings on the Property does increase the potential for discovery.

To date, Emgold has completed 18 diamond drill holes on the Property totaling 1,906.8 meters, with a number of significant intercepts.

No exploration work was completed on the Property in the year.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

The I-M Project, California

The Idaho-Maryland Mine, located in Grass Valley, California was discovered in 1851. It was in production from 1862 through 1956 and was the second largest historical underground gold producer in California. Total recorded production was 2,383,000 ounces of gold from 5,546,000 short tons for a recovered grade of 0.43 ounces of gold per short ton. The Idaho-Maryland Mine is located adjacent to the historic Empire Mine, the largest historical underground producer in California, reportedly producing 5.8 million ounces of gold. It was Newmont Mining Corporation’s first operating mine and Newmont maintains the mineral rights to the property. Within a three mile radius of the Idaho-Maryland Mine, the historic mines in the Grass Valley District produced a reported 13 million ounces of gold. Including placer gold, the Grass Valley District is reported to have produced 17 million ounces of gold.

At 31 December 2013, the Company had a mining lease and option to purchase agreement (the “BET Agreement”) for the I-M Project. Subsequent to year end 2013, the BET Agreement expired. The Company is currently in negotiations to extend or renegotiate the Agreement. The BET Agreement, subject to a series of extensions, covers the BET properties. Emgold owns certain other mineral and surface rights associated with the Project.

Prior to the expiry of the BET agreement, the Company was in the advanced stage of the permitting process for the I-M Project. The I-M Project was being permitted in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and the Surface Mining and Reclamation Act (“SMARA”), as well as other local, State and Federal legislation. The City of Grass Valley (the “City”) was the Lead Agency for the CEQA and SMARA processes for the I-M Project.

Note that current volatility in the world markets due to political and economic conditions, beyond the Company’s control, are affecting all junior and senior mining companies’ ability to raise funds in the current market. As announced in a 26 October 2011 press release and further reiterated in 07 September 2013 and 01 February 2013 press releases, Emgold recognized it would need to temporarily place the Idaho-Maryland Project permitting on hold until market conditions improve. At this point in time, markets have not significantly improved. As outlined in the press releases, the Company may elect to drop the project and focus on other quality assets in the Company’s portfolio.

Golden Bear Ceramics Company

In addition to its mineral property interests, the Company has developed a manufacturing process that can be used to process a variety of mineral wastes, including mine tailings, fines from aggregate quarries, and fly ash from coal fired power plants, into high quality 100% recycled stone and ceramic building products such as floor tile, roof tile, and wall cladding. This process uses off-the-shelf equipment from the ceramics industry and involves traditional cold forging and hot forging processes. The products can be certified by the US Green Building Council and would meet requirements for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Credits. The Company plans to ultimately spin this technology off to a third party to allow its commercialization to be independently financed.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Results of Operations

The loss for the year ended 31 December 2014 was $224,138 compared to $258,169 in the comparative period. The main fluctuations in costs are as follows:

Management and Consulting

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ 71,000 $ 185,000
Variance increase (decrease)           (114,000)    

The board of directors reached an agreement with management to reduce the CEO remuneration during this period of uncertainty, and this has resulted in a decrease in costs to the category. Additionally, the Company wrote-off a living allowance payable to the CEO that had been accrued in previous years but not paid.

Salaries and Benefits

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ 30,000 $ 94,000
Variance increase (decrease)           (64,000)    

The Company laid-off certain employees during the period in order to preserve cash resulting in a decrease to salary expense during the twelve and three month period ended.

Professional Fees

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ 51,000 $ 73,000
Variance increase (decrease)           (22,000)    

The primary change in professional fees results from a reclassification this year of the fees charged by Clearline Chartered Accountants, which are now being presented as management fees.

Shareholder Communication

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ 12,000 $ 31,000
Variance increase (decrease)           (19,000)    

The Company continues to curtail every expenditure possible in uncertain times.

Stock-based Compensation

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ - $ 28,000
Variance increase (decrease)           (28,000)    

Stock-based compensation is recognized in connection with the issuance of options in year 2013. The primary change in stock-based compensation is because there were no options issued during year 2014.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

 

Unrealized (Gain) Loss on Warrant Liability

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ (2,715) $ (37,243)
Variance increase (decrease)           34,528    

The unrealized (gain) loss on warrant liability is directly factored by the number of warrants outstanding. There were fewer warrants outstanding at the current period end than the comparative period, and as a result, the unrealized (gain) loss on warrant liability had been deceased.

Gain on Settlement of Liability

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ (25,000) $ (84,000)
Variance increase (decrease)           59,000    

During year ended 31 December 2013 and 2014, the Company recognized non-recurring recovery on certain liabilities, which are no longer payables.

Gain on Sale of Equipment

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ (6,000) $ (35,000)
Variance increase (decrease)           29,000    

During year 2013 and 2014, the Company recognized various non-recurring gains from the sale of equipment no longer in use. The various results from in 2013 the Company sold more equipment than year 2014.

Gain on Sale of Land

(rounded to the nearest ‘000)

         

12 months

2014

 

12 months

2013

          $ - $ (193,000)
Variance increase (decrease)           193,000    

The Company recognized a non-recurring gain resulting from the sale of land in year 2013. There is no such transaction in year 2014.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Selected Annual Information

The following table summarizes selected financial data for the Company for each of the four most recently completed financial years. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with the consolidated audited financial statements, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and Canadian generally accepted accounting principles as applicable.

  IFRS IFRS IFRS IFRS
Fiscal Year Ended Dec-14 Dec-13 Dec-12 Dec-11
Total Revenues - - - -
Loss from Continuing Operations (244,138) (258,169) (375,371) (2,338,060)
Loss and Comprehensive Loss for the Year (244,138) (258,169) (375,371) (2,338,060)
Loss per Share (Basic and Diluted) (0.00) (0.00) (0.01) (0.06)
Total Assets 1,383,981 1,290,459 1,677,936 2,198,166
Long-Term Financial Liabilities - - 19,596 1,079,253
Cash Dividends Declared - - - -

Financial Data for the Last Eight Quarters

The following table sets out selected unaudited quarterly financial information of the Company and is derived from the unaudited interim condensed interim consolidated financial statements prepared by management. The Company’s interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and are expressed in US dollars

  IFRS IFRS IFRS IFRS IFRS IFRS IFRS IFRS
Three Months Ended Dec-14 Sep-14 Jun-14 Mar-14 Dec-13 Sep-13 Jun-13 Mar-13
  $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
Total Revenues - - - - - - - -
(Loss) income from continuing operations (22,738) (50,186) (71,104) (100,110) (147,198) 106,215 (42,496) (174,691)
(Loss) income for the period (22,738) (50,186) (71,104) (100,110) (147,198) 106,216 (42,496) (174,691)
Gain (loss) per share (Basic and diluted) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
Total assets 1,383,981 1,410,543 1,283,362 1,270,579 1,290,459 1,372,229 1,585,153 1,701,112
Working capital (726,703) (722,927) (778,953) (725,759) (626,552) (513,147) (877,877) (801,353)

The current quarter change has been discussed earlier in this document. The expenses incurred in the year ended 31 December 2014 are in line with the expectations of management. During the three month period ended 30 September 2014 and June 2014, the decreased loss resulted from consulting fees, foreign exchange gain, and lease royalty income.

The variances between the three month periods of June and March 2014 are resulting from exploration expenditures, wages and salaries, professional fees and foreign currency exchange.

The variance between the 31 December 2013 and 31 March 2014 periods is widely a result of a significant adjustment to the warrant liability as a result of the audit process.

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Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

 

The variances between the three month periods of March and June 2013, June and September 2013, and September and December 2013 are primarily a result of adjustments impacting the warrant liability and timing of exploration expenses incurred.

Other factors contributing to the variances between quarters are affected by the Company’s activities and progress on permitting of the I-M Project and flow through work completed on the Company’s B.C. properties. These are discretionary costs, primarily related to the availability of finances, timing and availability of hiring of external consultants related to the permitting process, resource estimates and engineering or capital expenditures, which have been delayed.

Exploration and Evaluation Expenditures

Exploration expenditures   Idaho-Maryland   Buckskin Rawhide East   Buckskin Rawhide West   Koegel Property   Stewart Property   Rozan Property   Total
Administration $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Claim fees   -   27,826   3,147   5,427   -   -   36,400
Field transport   -   2,028   -   -   -   -   2,028
Geological   -   64,404   -   -   148   149   64,701
Year ended 31 December 2013 $ - $ 94,258 $ 3,147 $ 5,427 $ 148 $ 149 $ 103,129
Administration $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Assaying   -   -   -   -   -   585   585
Claim fees   -   400   7,559   5,970   -   -   13,929
Geological   -   -   -   -   (2,489)   (2,489)   (4,978)
General   34,065   -   -   -   -   -   34,065
Year ended 31 December 2014 $ 34,065 $ 400 $ 7,559 $ 5,970 $ (2,489) $ (1,904) $ 43,061
Property Acquisition Costs   Idaho-Maryland   Buckskin Rawhide East   Buckskin Rawhide West   Koegel Property   Stewart Property   Rozan Property   Total
Balance at 01 January 2013 $ 747,219 $ 439,052 $ 10,029 $ 10,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,464,274
Acquisitions   -   -   10,000   10,000   -   -   20,000
Dispositions   (256,711)   -   -   -   -   -   (256,711)
Balance at 31 December 2013 $ 490,508 $ 439,052 $ 20,029 $ 20,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,227,563
Balance at 01 January 2014 $ 490,508 $ 439,052 $ 20,029 $ 20,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,227,563
Royalty payments   -   (20,000)   -   -   -   -   (20,000)
Acquisitions   -   110,000   10,000   10,000   -   -   130,000
Balance at 31 December 2014 $ 490,508 $ 529,052 $ 30,029 $ 30,030 $ 208,719 $ 49,225 $ 1,337,563

The Company’s current primary focus is to raise funds to advance its properties in Nevada that are adjacent to or near the operating Denton Rawhide Mine. The Company has consolidated its ownership in the Buckskin Rawhide East Property and subsequently leased the property to Rawhide Mining LLC, who operates the Denton Rawhide Mine. Emgold subsequently plans to conduct additional exploration on its Buckskin Rawhide West and Koegel Rawhide Properties, subject to securing funds to move forward with this exploration.

12 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

The Company’s current secondary focus continues to be raising funds to lease or acquire the surface properties and mineral rights associated with the I-M in California. Subject to securing funds, the Company would move forward with the permitting process.

The Company’s tertiary current focus is the continued exploration of its Stewart and Rozan Properties in British Columbia, also subject to securing fund to move forward with this exploration.

Liquidity

Historically, the Company’s sole source of funding is and has been the issuance of equity securities for cash, primarily through private placements to sophisticated investors and institutions. The Company has issued common shares and warrants pursuant to private placement financings and the exercise of warrants and options.

The current market conditions, the challenging and inhospitable funding environment and the low price of the Company’s common shares make it difficult to raise funds through private placements of shares. In addition, the Company endeavors to minimize dilution to existing shareholders. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful with any financing ventures. Please refer to the “Risks” section of this document.

At 31 December 2014, the Company had a working capital deficiency of $727,000, compared with a working capital deficiency of $627,000 at 31 December 2013.

Cash used in operating activities during the year ended 31 December 2014 totaled $158,875 (31 December 2013 – $792,600).

Cash used in investing activities during the year ended 31 December 2014 totaled $83,954 (31 December 2013 – cash raised $485,023).

Cash raised in financing activities during year ended 31 December 2014 totaled $231,045 (31 December 2013 – 283,944).

Investing Activities

As at 31 December 2014, Emgold has capitalized $1,337,563 (31 December 2013 - $1,227,563) representing costs associated with the acquisition of its mineral property interests in California, Nevada and British Columbia.

Capital Resources

The Company’s continued operations are dependent upon the Company’s ability to obtain sufficient financing to carry on planned operations. Currently, the Company does not have sufficient working capital to carry on planned operations, and will have to continue to raise equity capital for future operations. If it is unable to continue to raise sufficient equity capital for continued permitting and corporate overhead, it would have to cease operations.

Share Capital

As at 31 December 2014, the Company had 77,823,462 common shares issued and outstanding. The fully diluted share capital of 92,953,702 assumes the conversion of 8,163,575 warrants and 6,966,665 options.

13 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Financing Activities

Further financing will continue to be required to advance the I-M Project, for exploration of Emgold’s other properties, and for general and administrative costs, in order to complete the permitting process. Emgold has been looking at various alternatives to implement Golden Bear’s business plan as noted in section 1.1.1. The Company currently has no carrying value for Golden Bear and all costs were written off in fiscal 2008.

Going Concern

These audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of the accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which assumes the Company’s ability to continue in operation for the foreseeable future and to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of operations.

There are several adverse conditions that cast substantial doubt upon the soundness of this assumption. The Company has negative working capital, has incurred operating losses since inception, has no source of revenue, is unable to self-finance operations and has significant on-going cash requirements to meet its overhead and maintain its mineral interests. Further, the business of mining and exploration involves a high degree of risk and there can be no assurance that current exploration programs will result in profitable mining operations. The recoverability of exploration and evaluation assets is dependent upon several factors. These include the discovery of economically recoverable reserves, the ability of the Company to obtain the necessary financing to complete the development of these properties, and future profitable production or proceeds from disposition of mineral properties.

For the Company to continue to operate as a going concern it must obtain additional financing; although the Company has been successful in the past at raising funds, there can be no assurance that this will continue in the future. If the going concern assumption were not appropriate for these audited consolidated financial statements then adjustments would be necessary to the carrying value of assets and liabilities, the reported expenses and the statement of financial position classifications used and such adjustments could be material.

External permitting activities with the City of Grass Valley related to the I-M Project in California remain on hold pending financing activities by the Company and pending extension of the Lease Option to Purchase Agreement for certain surface and mineral rights associated with the Project. As announced in 26 October 2011, 07 September 2012, and 01 February 2013 press releases, the preparation of the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) remains temporarily on hold while the Company waits for improved equity market conditions to raise the funds necessary to complete the process. On 10 September 2012, the City of Grass Valley notified the Company that their 2011 Revised Permit Applications were “deemed withdrawn” and the applications will need to be resubmitted when the Company has the funds in place and is ready to move forward. On 01 February 2013, subsequent to year end 2012, a Lease Option to Purchase Agreement for the BET properties expired. The Company is seeking to extend this Agreement. Should negotiations to extend the agreement be unsuccessful, Emgold has stated it will terminate the Project and focus on the other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio.

Since 2009, Emgold management has taken many steps to reduce corporate and project costs. Currently, executive salaries are being deferred voluntarily, together with Board remuneration and management and consulting fees, until such time as new financing is available.

The Company’s exploration activities and its potential mining and processing operations are subject to various laws governing land use, the protection of the environment, prospecting, development, production, contractor availability, commodity prices, exports, taxes, labour standards, occupational safety and health, waste disposal, toxic substances, mine safety and other matters. The Company believes it is in substantial compliance with all material laws and regulations which currently apply to its activities.

14 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Although over 40 gold mines have been permitted for operations in California since the CEQA legislation was enacted in the 1960s, there seems to remain a general perception in the mining industry and financial institutions that it is not possible to permit a mine in California and this has seriously impeded the Company’s efforts to obtain required and timely equity financing. The number of gold mines permitted and put into production is only a small fraction of the other mineral and metal mining production in California. The Company has received all permits applied for by the Company since its acquisition of the I-M Project.

There is no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain all permits required for exploration, any future development and construction of mining facilities and conduct of mining operations on reasonable terms or that new legislation or modifications to existing legislation, would not have an adverse effect on any exploration or mining project which the Company might undertake.

The Company has been performing reclamation activities on an on-going basis on its exploration properties. As such, management feels that there is no significant reclamation liability outstanding on properties owned by the Company.

Plans for 2015 and On-going

The Company plans to raise funds to continue advancing the I-M Project, depending on market conditions and other factors. Should funding not be available, the Company may elect to drop the I-M Project and focus on other properties the Company has in its portfolio.

A Lease Option to Purchase Agreement for the BET properties expired on 01 February 2013. The Company is seeking to extend this Agreement. Should negotiations to extend the agreement be unsuccessful, Emgold has stated it will terminate the Project and focus on the other assets the Company currently has in its portfolio.

The Company believes the Buckskin Rawhide East Property is a highly prospective gold-silver exploration property with potential for discovery of high grade and bulk disseminated mineralization. RMC commenced exploration activities on the Buckskin Rawhide East Property in 2013 and 2014 with the goal of identifying resources that could ultimately be developed and processed at the adjacent Denton-Rawhide Mine.

The Company plans to conduct exploration activities (chip sampling, soil sampling, and geologic mapping) on the Buckskin Rawhide West Property that are not part of the RMC agreement, subject to financing.

The Company believes its Koegel Rawhide Property is a highly prospective gold-silver exploration property with potential for high grade and bulk disseminated mineralization. A high grade zone has been identified for core drilling and additional prospects on the property will continue to be investigated, subject to financing.

The Company believes the Stewart and Rozan Properties are highly prospective poly-metallic exploration properties with potential for discovery of molybdenum, tungsten, gold, silver, and other types of mineralization. A number of targets have been identified for continuing exploration, subject to financing.

15 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Related Party Transactions and Balances

The Company’s related parties consist of directors, executive officers and companies owned by directors and / or executive officers as follows:

Related parties Nature of transactions
David Watkinson, CEO Management fees & share-based awards
A company owned or controlled by Grant T. Smith, CFO Professional fees
A company of which a Former Director, Ken Yurichuck, is a director Management fees & share-based awards
Stephen Wilkinson, Former Director Share-based awards
Andrew MacRitchie, Director Share-based awards
William Witte, Director Share-based awards

Related party transactions and balances not disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Related Party Disclosure          
Name and Principal Position

Fiscal

Period(i)

  Remuneration
or fees(ii)
 

Share-based

awards

CEO and President – management fees

2014

2013

$

$

92,500

185,000

 

-

3,500

A Company of which the CFO is a director (iii) - management fees

2014

2013

$

$

32,584

34,945

 

-

1,750

A Company of which the CFO is a director (iii) - accounting

2014

2013

$

$

13,325

17,633

 

-

-

Directors

2014

2013

$

$

-

-

 

-

7,000

                    i)                        For the year ended 31 December 2014 and 2013.

                  ii)                        Amounts disclosed were paid or accrued to the related party.

                iii)                        A company of which the CFO, Grant T. Smith, is a director.

At 31 December 2014, fees of $572,314 (2013 – $528,213) payable to David Watkinson; fees of $55,767 (2013 – $22,789) payable to Clearline; fees of $Nil (2013 – $27,286) payable to 759924 Ontario Ltd. All amounts were included in accounts payable or due to related parties.

During the prior year the Company recognized a bad debt expense due to the write-off of accounts receivable from a former director in the amount of $12,756.

The Company recognized a recovery of $47,988 from settlement of an amount payable to the CEO for living allowances.

Also during Fiscal 2014, the Company recognized a gain on settlement of liabilities of $24,696 from settlement of an amount payable to a former director.

During the prior year, the Company implemented a new internal policy resulting in a write-off of $54,557 of vacation accrual for the CEO

Related party balances are non-interest bearing and are due on demand, with no fixed terms of repayment. These transactions occurred in the normal course of operations and are measured at their exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties.

16 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Judgment in Applying Accounting Policies

In the application of the Company’s accounting policies, which are described in note 4 of the annual audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014, management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount and classification of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revisions affect only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods, if the revision affects both current and future periods.

The following are the critical judgments and areas involving estimates, that management have made in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements.

Going concern assumption

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of the accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which assumes the Company’s ability to continue in operation for the foreseeable future and to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of operations. There are several adverse conditions that cast substantial doubt upon the soundness of this assumption. Refer to note 1 of the audited consolidated financial statements for more details.

Determination of functional currency

In accordance with IAS 21, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, management determined that the functional currency of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries is the US dollar.

Mineral Properties

The company owns land and surface rights, which are part of the Idaho-Maryland property, valued as part of exploration and evaluation assets on statement of financial position at $1,337,563. This land is adjacent to the property covered by the BET agreement that expired on 01 February 2013. The BET Agreement, signed in 2002, originally had a five year term and has been extended three times. The Company is currently seeking the BET Trust to extend and/or negotiate a new agreement associated with the Project (refer to the audited consolidated financial statements, note 10) The company assessed that no impairment was necessary on the land and surface rights that they own as they are still negotiating to extend the lease. If the lease is not extended the land will still have real estate value and can be disposed of as a non-mining real estate transaction.

17 | Page  
   

 

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty

Useful life of plant and equipment

The Company reviews the estimated lives of its plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. There were no material changes in the lives of plant and equipment for the year ended 31 December 2014 and the year ended 31 December 2013.

Decommissioning liability

The estimated costs are reviewed annually by management including changes in the discount rate, estimated timing of decommissioning costs, or cost estimates.

Share based payments and fair value of warrants

Management assesses the fair value of stock options granted in accordance with the accounting policy stated in note 3 of the Company’s 31 December 2014 annual consolidated financial statements. The fair value of stock options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes option valuation model (“BkS”), which was created for use in estimating the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options. The Company’s stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and changes in the highly subjective input assumptions can materially affect the calculated values. The fair value of stock options granted using the BkS do not necessarily provide a reliable measure of the fair value of the Company’s stock option awards. The same model is used by the Company is order to arrive at a fair value for the issuance of warrants.

Exploration and evaluation asset

The Company makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding the recoverability of the carrying values of exploration and evaluation assets. These assumptions are changed when conditions exist that indicate the carrying value may be impaired, at which time an impairment loss is recorded.

Financial Instruments and Other Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, due from related party, marketable securities, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, due to related party and derivative liability.

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its obligations.

Substantially all of the Company’s cash and short-term investments are held with major financial institutions in Canada, and management believes the exposure to credit risk with such institutions is not significant. Those financial assets that potentially subject the Company to credit risk are its receivables. The Company has increased its focus on credit risk given the impact of the current economic climate. The Company considers the risk of material loss to be significantly mitigated due to the financial strength of the major financial institutions where cash and term deposits are held. The Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk as at 31 December 2014 is the carrying value of its financial assets.

18 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

 

 

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its obligations associated with financial liabilities. The Company has a planning and budgeting process in place by which it anticipates and determines the funds required to support normal operation requirements as well as the growth and development of its mineral property interests. The Company coordinates this planning and budgeting process with its financing activities through the capital management process described below, in normal circumstances. Due to the lack of liquidity and anticipated working capital requirements within the next twelve months, management has increased its focus on liquidity risk given the impact of the current economic climate on the availability of finance.

Currency risk

The Company’s currency risk arises primarily with fluctuations in United States dollar and the Canadian dollar. The Company has no revenue and any exposure to currency risk is related to expenditures by the Company in Canada, as a significant portion of operating expenses are payable in Canadian dollars. The currency risk by the Company relates to unpaid liabilities of the Company payable in Canadian dollars.

The Company has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations. At 31 December 2014, the Company is exposed to currency risk through the following assets and liabilities denominated in Canadian dollars, but presented in United States dollar equivalents:

At 31 December 2014 the Company held currency totaling the following:

Rounded (‘000’s)  

31 December

2014

 

31 December

2013

Canadian dollars $ 9,000   11,000
United States dollars $ 18,000   27,000

Based on the above net exposures at 31 December 2014, and assuming that all other variables remain constant a 5% appreciation or depreciation of the Canadian dollar against the United States dollar would result in an increase/decrease of $500 the Company’s loss from operations.

Management of Capital

The Company defines capital as its shareholders' equity. The Company’s objective in managing capital is to maintain adequate levels of funding to support the activities of the Company, maintain corporate and administrative functions necessary to support organizational management oversight, and obtain funding sufficient for advancing the Company’s other interests including its exploration properties.

The Company seeks to manage its capital structure in a manner that provides sufficient funding for operational activities. Funds are primarily secured through equity capital obtained in private placements. There can be no assurances that the Company will be able to continue raising capital in this manner. The Company currently does not use other sources of financing that requires fixed payments of interest and principal due to the lack of cash flow from current operations and is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.

The Company has in the past invested its capital in short-term investments to obtain adequate returns. The investment decision is based on cash management to ensure working capital is available to meet the Company’s short-term obligations while maximizing liquidity and returns of unused capital.

19 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Disclosure Controls and Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for designing, establishing, and maintaining a system of internal controls over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance that the financial information prepared by the Company for external purposes is reliable and has been recorded, processed, and reported in an accurate and timely manner in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. Management is also responsible for designing, establishing, and maintaining a system of disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material items requiring disclosure by the Company are identified and reported in a timely manner. There has been no significant change in disclosure controls or in internal controls over financial reporting during the year ended 31 December 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to affect, the Company’s disclosure controls or its internal controls over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls

The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and assessed the design and the operating effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2014. Based on that assessment, management concluded that, as at 31 December 2014, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting has effectively provided reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of audited consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes. There was no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred in the year ended 31 December 2014 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Additional Disclosure for Venture Issuers without Significant Revenue

Consistent with other companies in the mineral exploration industry, Emgold has no source of operating revenue. The Company’s 31 December 2014 Annual Audited Consolidated Financial Statements provide a breakdown of the general and administrative expenses for the period under review and an analysis of the capitalized and expensed exploration and development costs incurred on its mineral properties.

20 | Page  
   

Emgold Mining Corporation  

US Funds

 

 
Management Discussion and Analysis  

Investor Relations Activities

With respect to investor and public relations, the Company provides information from its corporate offices to investors and brokers through its website and SEDAR without the use of an investor relations firm.

Approval

The Board of Directors of Emgold Mining Corporation has approved the disclosure contained in this annual MD&A. A copy of this annual MD&A will be provided to anyone who requests it and can be located, along with additional information, on the SEDAR website at www.sedar.com.

Caution on Forward-Looking Information

This MD&A contains "forward-looking statements". These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this MD&A and the Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update these forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to the ongoing viability of the Company, the Company’s ability to raise capital or renegotiate the BET agreement, future remediation and reclamation activities, future mineral exploration, the estimation of mineral reserves and mineral resources, the realization of mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates, the timing of activities and the amount of estimated revenues and expenses, the success of exploration activities, permitting time lines, requirements for additional capital and sources and uses of funds.

Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, risks related to actual results of financing activities, exploration activities; actual results of remediation and reclamation activities; conclusions of economic evaluations; changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; future prices of gold and other commodities; the state of capital markets; possible variations in ore reserves, grade or recovery rates; failure of plant, equipment or processes to operate as anticipated; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the mining industry; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of exploration and development activities.

Respectfully submitted

On behalf of the Board of Directors,

 

 

“David Watkinson”

David Watkinson

President & CEO

 

 

21 | Page  
   

 

EX-12.1 4 ceo.htm CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER.* CA Filed by Filing Services Canada Inc. 403-717-3898

This is an unofficial consolidation of Form 52-109FV1 Certification of Annual Filings Venture Issuer Basic Certificate reflecting amendments made effective January 1, 2011 in connection with Canada’s changeover to IFRS. The amendments apply for financial periods relating to financial years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. This document is for reference purposes only and is not an official statement of the law.

 

Form 52-109FV1

Certification of Annual Filings

Venture Issuer Basic Certificate

 

I, David Watkinson, Chief Executive Officer, of Emgold Mining Corporation, certify the following:

1.Review: I have reviewed the AIF, if any, annual financial statements and annual MD&A, including, for greater certainty, all documents and information that are incorporated by reference in the AIF (together, the “annual filings”) of Emgold Mining Corporation (the “issuer”) for the financial year ended 31 December 2014.
2.No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the annual filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, for the period covered by the annual filings.
3.Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the annual financial statements together with the other financial information included in the annual filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the annual filings.

 

Date: 29 April 2015

 

“David Watkinson”__________________

David Watkinson, Chief Executive Officer

 

 

NOTE TO READER

 

In contrast to the certificate required for non-venture issuers under National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings (NI 52-109), this Venture Issuer Basic Certificate does not include representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as defined in NI 52-109. In particular, the certifying officers filing this certificate are not making any representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of

 

i)controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and
ii)a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP.

The issuer’s certifying officers are responsible for ensuring that processes are in place to provide them with sufficient knowledge to support the representations they are making in this certificate. Investors should be aware that inherent limitations on the ability of certifying officers of a venture issuer to design and implement on a cost effective basis DC&P and ICFR as defined in NI 52-109 may result in additional risks to the quality, reliability, transparency and timeliness of interim and annual filings and other reports provided under securities legislation.

 

EX-12.2 5 cfo.htm CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER.* CA Filed by Filing Services Canada Inc. 403-717-3898

This is an unofficial consolidation of Form 52-109FV1 Certification of Annual Filings Venture Issuer Basic Certificate reflecting amendments made effective January 1, 2011 in connection with Canada’s changeover to IFRS. The amendments apply for financial periods relating to financial years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. This document is for reference purposes only and is not an official statement of the law.

 

Form 52-109FV1

Certification of Annual Filings

Venture Issuer Basic Certificate

 

I, Grant T. Smith, Chief Financial Officer, of Emgold Mining Corporation, certify the following:

1.Review: I have reviewed the AIF, if any, annual financial statements and annual MD&A, including, for greater certainty, all documents and information that are incorporated by reference in the AIF (together, the “annual filings”) of Emgold Mining Corporation (the “issuer”) for the financial year ended 31 December 2014.
2.No misrepresentations: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the annual filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, for the period covered by the annual filings.
3.Fair presentation: Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the annual financial statements together with the other financial information included in the annual filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the annual filings.

 

Date: 29 April 2015

 

“Grant T. Smith”__________________

Grant T. Smith, Chief Financial Officer

 

 

NOTE TO READER

 

In contrast to the certificate required for non-venture issuers under National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings (NI 52-109), this Venture Issuer Basic Certificate does not include representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as defined in NI 52-109. In particular, the certifying officers filing this certificate are not making any representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of

 

i)controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and
ii)a process to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP.

The issuer’s certifying officers are responsible for ensuring that processes are in place to provide them with sufficient knowledge to support the representations they are making in this certificate. Investors should be aware that inherent limitations on the ability of certifying officers of a venture issuer to design and implement on a cost effective basis DC&P and ICFR as defined in NI 52-109 may result in additional risks to the quality, reliability, transparency and timeliness of interim and annual filings and other reports provided under securities legislation.

 

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