<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0206</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>3</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2013-06-25</periodOfReport>

    <noSecuritiesOwned>0</noSecuritiesOwned>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001434868</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>ESPR</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001399763</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Alta Partners VIII, L.P.</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>ONE EMBARCADERO CENTER</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>37TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>SAN FRANCISCO</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>94111</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001399894</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Alta Partners Management VIII, LLC</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>ONE EMBARCADERO CENTER</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>37TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>SAN FRANCISCO</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>94111</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001198321</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>CHAMPSI FARAH</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>ONE EMBARCADERO CENTER</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>37TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>SAN FRANCISCO</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>94111</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001198330</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>NOHRA GUY P</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>ONE EMBARCADERO CENTER,</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>37TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>SAN FRANCISCO</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>94111</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable></nonDerivativeTable>

    <derivativeTable>
        <derivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Series A Preferred Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <exerciseDate>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>1816475</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>See footnote</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeHolding>
        <derivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Warrant to Purchase Preferred Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>1</value>
                <footnoteId id="F4"/>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <exerciseDate>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <value>2018-02-12</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Series A Preferred Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>497666</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F4"/>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>See footnote</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeHolding>
    </derivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into Common Stock on a 6.986-for-1 basis at any time at the holder's election, and automatically upon the closing of the Issuer's initial public offering, and has no expiration date.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">The warrant is immediately exercisable.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">These securities are held of record by Alta Partners VIII, L.P. (&quot;APVIII&quot;). Alta Partners Management VIII, LLC (&quot;APMVIII&quot;) is the general partner of APVIII. Guy Nohra, Daniel Janney and Farah Champsi are managing directors of APMVIII and exercise shared voting and investment power with respect to the shares owned by APVIII. Each of the reporting persons disclaims beneficial ownership of such securities, except to the extent of his or its proportionate pecuniary interest therein. Mr. Janney, as a director of the Issuer, files Section 16 reports separately.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F4">Upon the closing of the Issuer's initial public offering, this warrant to purchase shares of Series A Preferred Stock will automatically convert on a 6.986-for-1 basis into a warrant to purchase shares of Common Stock, and the exercise price will become $6.99 per share.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>By Alta Partners Management VIII, LLC, by /s/ Guy Nohra, managing director</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-06-25</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Daniel Janney, managing director</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-06-25</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Guy Nohra, managing director</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-06-25</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Farah Champsi, managing director</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2013-06-25</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
