UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021

☐ Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from ________ to ________

Commission File Number: 000-50058

PRA Group, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	75-3078675
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

120 Corporate Boulevard, Norfolk, Virginia 23502

(888) 772-7326

(Address of principal executive offices, zip code, telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	PRAA	NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes  ☑   No  ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15 (d) of the Act. Yes  ☐   No  ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  ☑   No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☑   No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer  ☑   Accelerated filer  ☐   Non-accelerated filer  ☐  Smaller reporting company  ☐ Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ☐   No  ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.   ☑  

The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2021 was $1,730,201,484 based on the $38.47 closing price as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

The number of shares of the registrant's Common Stock outstanding as of February 23, 2022 was 40,685,522.

Documents incorporated by reference

Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for its 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

Table of Contents

Part I
Item 1.	Business	5
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	9
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	16
Item 2.	Properties	16
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	16
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosure	16
Part II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	17
Item 6.	[Reserved]	18
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	37
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	39
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	40
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	42
	Consolidated Income Statements	43
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	44
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity	45
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	46
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	47
	1 – General and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	47
	2 – Finance Receivables, net	53
	3 – Investments	56
	4 – Leases	57
	5 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net	57
	6 – Borrowings	58
	7 – Property and Equipment, net	62
	8 – Fair Value	63
	9 – Derivatives	65
	10 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	66
	11 – Share-Based Compensation	66
	12 – Earnings per Share	68
	13 – Income Taxes	69
	14 – Commitments and Contingencies	71
	15 – Retirement Plans	73
	16 – Subsequent Events	73
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	74
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	74
Item 9B.	Other Information	76
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	76
Part III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	76
continued

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Table of Contents

Item 11.	Executive Compensation	76
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	76
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	76
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	76
Part IV
Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	76
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	78
Signatures		79

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All references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Form 10-K") to "PRA Group," "our," "we," "us," the "Company" or similar terms are to PRA Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Forward-Looking Statements:

This report contains forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding overall cash collection trends, operating cost trends, liquidity and capital needs and other statements of expectations, beliefs, future plans, strategies and anticipated events or trends. Our results could differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, or our forward-looking statements could be wrong, as a result of risks, uncertainties and assumptions including the following:

•the impact of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic on the markets in which we operate, including business disruptions, unemployment, economic disruption, overall market volatility and the inability or unwillingness of consumers to pay the amounts owed to us;

•our inability to successfully manage the challenges associated with a disease outbreak, including epidemics, pandemics or similar widespread public health concerns, including the COVID-19 pandemic;

•a deterioration in the economic or inflationary environment in the markets in which we operate;

•our inability to replace our portfolios of nonperforming loans with additional portfolios sufficient to operate efficiently and profitably and/or purchase nonperforming loans at appropriate prices;

•our inability to collect sufficient amounts on our nonperforming loans to fund our operations, including as a result of restrictions imposed by local, state, federal and international laws and regulations;

•changes in accounting standards and their interpretations;

•the recognition of significant decreases in our estimate of future recoveries on nonperforming loans;

•the occurrence of goodwill impairment charges;

•loss contingency accruals that are inadequate to cover actual losses;

•our inability to manage risks associated with our international operations;

•changes in local, state, federal or international laws or the interpretation of these laws, including tax, bankruptcy and collection laws;

•changes in the administrative practices of various bankruptcy courts;

•our inability to comply with existing and new regulations of the collection industry;

•investigations, reviews, or enforcement actions by governmental authorities, including the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB");

•our inability to comply with data privacy regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR");

•adverse outcomes in pending litigation or administrative proceedings;

•our inability to retain, expand, renegotiate or replace our credit facilities and our inability to comply with the covenants under our financing arrangements;

•our inability to manage effectively our capital and liquidity needs, including as a result of changes in credit or capital markets;

•changes in interest or exchange rates;

•default by or failure of one or more of our counterparty financial institutions;

•uncertainty about the transition from the London Inter-Bank Offer Rate ("LIBOR");

•disruptions of business operations caused by cybersecurity incidents or the underperformance or failure of information technology infrastructure, networks or communication systems; and

•the "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of this Form 10-K and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

You should assume that the information appearing in this Form 10-K is accurate only as of the date it was issued. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date. The future events, developments or results described in, or implied by, this Form 10-K could turn out to be materially different. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to publicly update or revise our forward-looking statements after the date of this Form 10-K and you should not expect us to do so.

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PART I

Item 1. Business.

General

PRA Group Inc. is a global financial and business services company with operations in the Americas, Europe and Australia.

Our primary business is the purchase, collection and management of portfolios of nonperforming loans. The accounts we purchase are primarily the unpaid obligations of individuals owed to credit originators, which include banks and other types of consumer, retail and auto finance companies. We purchase portfolios of nonperforming loans at a discount in two broad categories: Core and Insolvency. Our Core operation specializes in purchasing and collecting nonperforming loans, which we purchased since either the credit originators and/or other third-party collection agencies have been unsuccessful in collecting the full balance owed. Our Insolvency operation consists primarily of purchasing and collecting on nonperforming loan accounts where the customer is involved in a bankruptcy proceeding or the equivalent in some European countries. We also provide fee-based services on class action claims recoveries and by servicing consumer bankruptcy accounts in the United States ("U.S.").

As part of our strategic plans, we have expanded through various acquisitions and organic growth. In 2014, we acquired Aktiv Kapital AS, a Norway-based company specializing in the purchase, collection and management of portfolios of nonperforming loans throughout Europe and Canada. In 2015, we expanded into South America by acquiring 55% of the equity interest in RCB Investimentos S.A. ("RCB"), a servicing platform for nonperforming loans and established a business that purchases nonperforming loans in Brazil. Our subsequent sale of 79% of our interest in RCB to Banco Bradesco S.A. completed in 2019, had no impact on the nonperforming loan purchasing business we established. In 2016, we acquired DTP S.A., a Polish-based debt collection company, furthering our in-house collection efforts in Poland. In 2020, we began operations in Australia, leveraging an entity we established in 2011.

We have one reportable segment based on similarities among the operating segments, including the nature of the products and services, the nature of the production processes, the types or classes of customers for our products and services, the methods used to distribute our products and services and the nature of the regulatory environment.

For discussion of COVID-19, refer to Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of this Form 10-K.

Nonperforming Loan Portfolio Acquisitions

To identify purchasing opportunities, we maintain an extensive marketing effort with our senior officers contacting known and prospective sellers of nonperforming loans. From these sellers, we have acquired a variety of nonperforming loans including Visa® and MasterCard® credit cards, private label and other credit cards, installment loans, lines of credit, deficiency balances of various types, legal judgments and trade payables. Sellers of nonperforming loans include major banks, credit unions, consumer finance companies, retailers, utilities, automobile finance companies and other credit originators. The price at which we purchase portfolios depends on the age of the portfolio, whether it is a Core or Insolvency portfolio, geographic region, the seller's selection criteria, our historical experience with a certain asset type or credit originator and other similar factors.

We purchase portfolios of nonperforming loans from credit originators through auctions and negotiated sales. In an auction process, the seller will assemble a portfolio of nonperforming loans and will seek purchase prices from specifically invited bidders. In a privately negotiated sale process, the credit originator will contact one or more purchasers directly, receive a bid and negotiate the terms of sale. In either case, typically, invited purchasers will have already successfully completed a qualification process that can include the seller's review of any or all of the following: the purchaser's experience, reputation, financial standing, operating procedures, business practices and compliance oversight.

We purchase portfolios of nonperforming loans through either single portfolio transactions, referred to as spot sales, or through the pre-arranged purchase of multiple portfolios over time, referred to as forward flow sales. Under a forward flow contract, we agree to purchase statistically similar nonperforming loan portfolios from credit originators on a periodic basis, at a negotiated price over a specified time period, typically from three to 12 months.

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Nonperforming Loan Portfolio Collection Operations

Call Center Operations

In higher volume markets, our collection efforts leverage internally staffed call centers. In some newer markets or in markets that have less consistent debt purchasing patterns, most notably outside the U.S., we may utilize external vendors to do some of this work. Whether the accounts are being worked internally or externally, we utilize our proprietary analysis to proportionally direct work efforts to those customers most likely to pay. The analysis driving those decisions relies on models and variables that have the highest correlation to profitable collections from call activity.

Legal Recovery - Core Portfolios

An important component of our collections effort involves our legal recovery operations and the judicial collection of balances from customers who, in general, we believe have the ability, but not the willingness, to resolve their obligations. There are some markets in which the collection process follows a prescribed, time-sensitive and sequential set of legal actions, but in the majority of instances, we use models and analysis to select those accounts reflecting a high propensity to pay in a legal environment. Depending on the characteristics of the account and the applicable local collection laws, we determine whether to commence legal action to judicially collect on the account. The legal process can take an extended period of time and can be costly, but when accounts are selected properly, it usually generates net cash collections that likely would not have been realized otherwise. We use a combination of internal staff (attorney and support) and external staff to pursue legal collections under certain circumstances, as we deem appropriate.

Insolvency Operations

Accounts that are in an insolvent or bankrupt status are managed by our insolvency operations team. These accounts fall under insolvency plans ranging from Individual Voluntary Arrangements ("IVAs") and Trust Deeds in the United Kingdom ("UK"), to Consumer Proposals in Canada, to various forms of bankruptcy plans in the U.S., Canada, Germany and the UK. We file claims or claim transfers securing our creditor rights in plans, and actively manage these accounts through the entire life cycle of the insolvency proceeding to ensure that we participate in any distributions to creditors. The accounts we manage are derived from two sources: (1) our purchased portfolios of insolvent nonperforming loans and (2) our Core purchased portfolios of nonperforming loans where our customers filed for protection under the insolvency or bankruptcy laws after being purchased by us. We purchase these types of accounts in the U.S., Canada, Germany and the UK.

These accounts are filed under the relevant country's insolvency or bankruptcy codes and may have an associated payment plan that generally ranges from three to seven years in duration. Accounts which are purchased while insolvent can be purchased at any stage in the insolvency or bankruptcy plan life cycle. Portfolios sold close to the filing of the insolvency or bankruptcy plan may take months to generate cash flow; however, aged portfolios sold years after the filing of the insolvency or bankruptcy plan will typically generate cash flows immediately.

Digital

As a complement to our collection operations, we have developed digital capabilities to support our collection efforts. We have developed these platforms in all of our operating markets that provide for inbound collections, as well as outbound collections where the regulatory environment allows us to operate in such a manner.

Equity Investments

We have an 11.7% equity interest in RCB, a servicing platform of nonperforming loans in Brazil.

Fee-Based Services

In addition to the purchase, collection and management of portfolios of nonperforming loans, we provide fee-based services including class action claims recovery purchasing and servicing through Claims Compensation Bureau, LLC ("CCB") and third-party servicing of bankruptcy accounts in the U.S.

Seasonality

Although the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 deviated from usual seasonal patterns due to the impact of COVID-19, as discussed under "COVID-19" in Item 7 of this Form 10-K, typically cash collections in the Americas tend to be higher in the first half of the year due to the high volume of income tax refunds received by individuals in the U.S., and trend lower as the year progresses. Customer payment patterns in all of the countries in which we operate can be affected by seasonal employment trends, income tax refunds and holiday spending habits.

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Competition

Competition is derived from both third-party contingent fee collection agencies and purchasers of debt that manage their own nonperforming loans or outsource such servicing. Regulatory complexity and burdens, combined with seller preference for experienced portfolio purchasers, create significant barriers to successful entry for new competitors particularly in the U.S. While both remain competitive, the contingent fee industry is more fragmented than the purchased portfolio industry.

We compete in our purchase of nonperforming loans on the basis of price, reputation, industry experience and performance. We believe that our competitive strengths include our disciplined and proprietary underwriting process, the extensive data set we have developed since our founding in 1996, our ability to bid on portfolios at appropriate prices, our capital position, our reputation from previous portfolio purchase transactions, our ability to close transactions in a timely fashion, our strong relationships with credit originators, our team of well-trained collectors who provide quality customer service while complying with applicable collection laws and our ability to efficiently and effectively collect on various asset types.

Government Regulation

We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and international laws that establish specific guidelines and procedures that debt collectors must follow when collecting customer accounts, including laws relating to the collection, use, retention, security and transfer of personal information. It is our policy to comply with applicable federal, state, local and international laws in all our activities. To promote compliance with applicable laws and regulations, we provide extensive training upon hire and additional training at least annually. We also continuously monitor and evaluate our collectors in order to provide meaningful and prompt feedback. Our compliance management system and related controls that are embedded in business processes are also tested regularly by our compliance and internal audit departments to foster compliance with laws, regulations and internal policy.

Our failure to comply with these laws could result in enforcement action against us, the payment of significant fines and penalties, restrictions upon our operations or our inability to recover amounts owed to us. Significant laws and regulations applicable to our business include the following:

•Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ("FDCPA"), which imposes certain obligations and restrictions on the practices of debt collectors, including specific restrictions regarding the time, place and manner of the communications.

•Fair Credit Reporting Act ("FCRA"), which obligates credit information providers to verify the accuracy of information provided to credit reporting agencies and investigate consumer disputes concerning the accuracy of such information.

•Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, which requires that certain financial institutions, including collection agencies, develop policies to protect the privacy of consumers' private financial information and provide notices to consumers advising them of their privacy policies.

•Electronic Funds Transfer Act, which regulates electronic fund transfer transactions, including a consumer’s right to stop payments on a pre-approved fund transfer and right to receive certain documentation of the transaction.

•Telephone Consumer Protection Act ("TCPA"), which, along with similar state laws, places certain restrictions on users of certain automated dialing equipment and pre-recorded messages that place telephone calls to consumers.

•Servicemembers Civil Relief Act ("SCRA"), which gives U.S. military service personnel relief from credit obligations they may have incurred prior to entering military service and may also apply in certain circumstances to obligations and liabilities incurred by a servicemember while serving on active duty.

•Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, which provides standards to protect the confidentiality of patients' personal healthcare and financial information in the U.S.

•U.S. Bankruptcy Code, which prohibits certain contacts with consumers after the filing of bankruptcy petitions and dictates what types of claims will or will not be allowed in a bankruptcy proceeding including how such claims may be discharged.

•Americans with Disabilities Act, which requires that telecommunications companies operating in the U.S. take steps to ensure functionally equivalent services are available for their consumers with disabilities, and requires accommodation of consumers with disabilities, such as the implementation of telecommunications relay services.

•U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA"), United Kingdom Bribery Act ("UK Bribery Act") and Similar Laws. Our operations outside the U.S. are subject to various U.S. and international laws and regulations, such as the FCPA and the UK Bribery Act, which prohibit corrupt payments to governmental officials and certain other individuals. The FCPA prohibits U.S. companies and their agents and employees from providing anything of value to a foreign official

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for the purposes of influencing any act or decision of these individuals in order to obtain an unfair advantage or help obtain or retain business. Although similar to the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act is broader in scope and covers bribes given to or received by any person with improper intent.

•Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act"), which restructured the regulation and supervision of the financial services industry in the U.S. and created the CFPB. The CFPB has rulemaking, supervisory, and enforcement authority over larger consumer debt collectors. The Dodd-Frank Act, along with the Unfair, Deceptive, or Abusive Acts or Practices ("UDAAP") provisions included therein, and the Federal Trade Commission Act, prohibit unfair, deceptive, and/or abusive acts and practices.

•International data protection and privacy laws, which include relevant country specific legislation in the UK and other European countries where we operate that regulate the processing of information relating to individuals, including the obtaining, holding, use or disclosure of such information; the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, which aims to protect personal information that is collected, used or disclosed in certain circumstances for purposes of electronic commerce in Canada; and the GDPR, which regulates the processing and free movement of personal data within the European Union ("EU") and transfer of such data outside the EU.

•Consumer Credit Act 1974 (and its related regulations), Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations of 1999 and the Financial Conduct Authority's consumer credit conduct of business rules, which apply to our UK operations and govern consumer credit agreements.

In addition, certain of our EU subsidiaries are subject to capital adequacy, liquidity and other requirements imposed by regulators, such as the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority.

Human Capital

As of December 31, 2021, we employed 3,446 full-time equivalents globally across 18 countries, with approximately 74% of our workforce distributed across the Americas and Australia and 26% in Europe. Our employees share a common set of values and commitments that define how we treat each other, how we relate to our customers and the responsibilities we have to shareholders, regulators, clients and others. We refer to this shared set of values as C.A.R.E.S, which stands for Committed, Accountable, Respectful, Ethical and Successful. These values are intended to foster a high performing workforce and sense of belonging by working together to build an equitable and inclusive culture where employees can be themselves, to be their best.

In support of these values we offer comprehensive total rewards programs, competitive pay and bonus structures, health and wellness benefits, retirement plans and an employee assistance program. Additionally, we offer tuition reimbursement assistance and have a robust suite of training and development offerings for employees across the globe, many available in multiple languages.

Management considers our employee relations to be good. While none of our North American employees are represented by a union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement, in Europe we work closely with a number of works councils, and in countries where it is the customary local practice, such as Finland and Spain, we have collective bargaining agreements.

Available Information

We make available on or through our website, www.pragroup.com, certain reports that we file with or furnish to the SEC in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). These include our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act ("SEC Filings"). We make this information available on our website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at: www.sec.gov.

The information contained on, or that can be accessed through our website, is not, and shall not be deemed to be a part of this Form 10-K or incorporated into any of our other SEC Filings.

Reports filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are also available free of charge upon request by contacting our corporate office at:

PRA Group, Inc.

Attn: Investor Relations

120 Corporate Boulevard, Suite 100

Norfolk, Virginia 23502

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Item 1A. Risk Factors.

You should carefully read the following discussion of material factors, events and uncertainties when evaluating our business and the forward-looking information contained in this Form 10-K. The events and consequences discussed in these risk factors could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results, liquidity and financial condition. While we believe we have identified and discussed below the material risk factors affecting our business, these risk factors do not identify all the risks we face, and there may be additional risks and uncertainties that we do not presently know or that we do not currently believe to be material that may have an adverse effect on our business, performance or financial condition in the future.

Operational and Industry Risks

The continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial results.

We cannot predict the extent to which the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, including the evolution of its variants, will impact our business, results of operations and financial results due to numerous evolving factors such as the extent to which available vaccines will be effective against variants of COVID-19. However, the continuation or worsening of the COVID-19 pandemic could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial results if:

•the negative impacts to the economic and inflationary environment resulting from the pandemic worsen or continue throughout 2022;

•political, legal and regulatory actions and policies in response to the pandemic prevent us from performing our collection activities or result in material increases in our costs to comply with such laws and regulations;

•consumers respond to ongoing developments from the COVID-19 pandemic by failing to pay amounts owed to us as a result of factors that impact their ability to make payments;

•we are unable to maintain staffing levels necessary to operate our business due to the continued spread of COVID-19 and its variants causing employees to be unable or unwilling to work;

•we are unable to collect on existing nonperforming loans or experience material decreases in our cash collections;

•we are unable to purchase nonperforming loans needed to operate our business because credit originators become unable or unwilling to sell their nonperforming loans consistent with historical levels; or

•we suffer a cybersecurity incident as a result of increased vulnerability while a larger number of our employees work remotely.

A deterioration in the economic or inflationary environment in the countries in which we operate could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our performance may be adversely affected by economic, political or inflationary conditions in any market in which we operate. These conditions could include regulatory developments, changes in global or domestic economic policy, legislative changes, and any sovereign debt crises experienced in several European countries. Deterioration in economic conditions, or a significant rise in inflation could cause personal bankruptcy and insolvency filings to increase, and the ability of consumers to pay their debts could be adversely affected. This may in turn adversely impact our business and financial results.

If global credit market conditions and the stability of global banks deteriorate, the amount of consumer or commercial lending and financing could be reduced, thus reducing the volume of nonperforming loans available for purchase, which could adversely affect our business, financial results and ability to succeed in international markets.

Other economic factors that could influence our performance include the financial stability of the lenders on our credit facilities and our access to capital and credit. For example, deterioration in the financial markets, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, could contribute to the insolvency of lending institutions, notably those providing our credit facilities, or the tightening of credit markets, which could make it difficult or impossible for us to obtain credit on favorable terms. These and other economic factors could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We may not be able to continually replace our nonperforming loans with additional portfolios sufficient to operate efficiently and profitably, and/or we may not be able to purchase nonperforming loans at appropriate prices.

To operate profitably, we must purchase and service a sufficient amount of nonperforming loans to generate revenue that exceeds our expenses. Costs such as salaries and other compensation expense constitute a significant portion of our overhead and, if we do not replace the nonperforming loan portfolios we service with additional portfolios, we may have to reduce the

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number of our collection personnel. We would then, have to rehire collection staff if we subsequently obtain additional portfolios. These practices could lead to negative consequences including the following:

•low employee morale;

•fewer experienced employees;    

•higher training costs;    

•disruptions in our operations;    

•loss of efficiency; and    

•excess costs associated with unused space in our facilities.

The availability of nonperforming loan portfolios at prices that generate an appropriate return on our investment depends on a number of factors, including the following:

•the continuation of high levels of consumer debt obligations;

•sales of nonperforming loan portfolios by credit originators; and

•competitive factors affecting potential purchasers and credit originators of nonperforming loans.

Furthermore, heightened regulation of the credit card and consumer lending industry or changing credit origination strategies may result in decreased availability of credit to consumers, potentially leading to a future reduction in nonperforming loans available for purchase from credit originators. We cannot predict how our ability to identify and purchase nonperforming loans and the quality of those nonperforming loans would be affected if there were a shift in lending practices, whether caused by changes in the regulations or accounting practices applicable to credit originators or purchasers, a sustained economic downturn or otherwise.

Moreover, there can be no assurance that credit originators will continue to sell their nonperforming loans consistent with historical levels or at all, or that we will be able to bid competitively for those portfolios. Because of the length of time involved in collecting on acquired portfolios and the variability in the timing of our collections, we may not be able to identify trends and make changes in our purchasing strategies in a timely manner. If we are unable to maintain our business or adapt to changing market needs as well as our current or future competitors, we may experience reduced access to nonperforming loan portfolios at appropriate prices and, therefore, reduced profitability.

We may not be able to collect sufficient amounts on our nonperforming loans to fund our operations.

Our principal business consists of purchasing and collecting nonperforming loans that consumers or others have failed to pay. The credit originators have typically made numerous attempts to recover on their accounts, often using a combination of in-house recovery efforts and third-party collection agencies. These nonperforming loans are difficult to collect, and we may not collect a sufficient amount to cover our investment and the costs of running our business.

Our collections may decrease if certain types of insolvency proceedings and bankruptcy filings involving liquidations increase.

Various economic trends and potential changes to existing legislation may contribute to an increase in the amount of personal bankruptcy and insolvency filings. Under certain of these filings, a debtor's assets may be sold to repay creditors, but because most of the accounts we collect through our collections operations are unsecured, we typically would not be able to collect on those accounts. Although our insolvency collections business could benefit from an increase in personal bankruptcies and insolvencies, we cannot ensure that our collections operations business would not decline with an increase in personal insolvencies or bankruptcy filings or changes in related regulations or practices. If our actual collection experience with respect to a nonperforming or insolvent bankrupt accounts are significantly lower than the total amount we projected when we acquired the portfolio, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.

Goodwill impairment charges could negatively impact our net income and stockholders' equity.

We have recorded a significant amount of goodwill as a result of our business acquisitions. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level. Goodwill is required to be tested for impairment annually and between annual tests if events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. There are numerous risks that may cause the fair value of a reporting unit to fall below its carrying amount, which could lead to the recognition of a goodwill impairment charge. These risks include:

•adverse changes in macroeconomic conditions, the business climate, or the market for the entity's products or services;

•significant variances between actual and expected financial results;

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•negative or declining cash flows;

•lowered expectations of future results;

•failure to realize anticipated synergies from acquisitions;

•significant expense increases;

•a more likely-than-not expectation of selling or disposing all, or a portion of, a reporting unit;

•the loss of key personnel;

•an adverse action or assessment by a regulator;

•significant increase in discount rates; or

•a sustained decrease in the price per share of our common stock.

Our goodwill impairment testing involves the use of estimates and the exercise of judgment, including judgments regarding expected future business performance and market conditions. Significant changes in our assessment of such factors, including the deterioration of market conditions, could affect our assessment of the fair value of one or more of our reporting units and could result in a goodwill impairment charge in a future period.

Our loss contingency accruals may not be adequate to cover actual losses.

We are involved in judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings or investigations concerning matters arising from our business activities. We establish accruals for potential liability arising from legal proceedings when it is probable that such liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. However, there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome. We may still incur legal costs for a matter even if we have not accrued a liability. In addition, actual losses may be higher than the amount accrued for a certain matter, or in the aggregate. An unfavorable resolution of a legal proceeding or claim could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity. For more information, refer to the "Litigation and Regulatory Matters" section of Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

International Operations Risks

Our international operations expose us to risks which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

A significant portion of our operations is conducted outside the U.S. This could expose us to adverse economic, industry and political conditions that may have a negative impact on our ability to manage our existing operations or pursue alternative strategic transactions, which could have a negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The global nature of our operations expands the risks and uncertainties described elsewhere in this section, including the following:    

•changes in local political, economic, social and labor conditions in the markets in which we operate;

•foreign exchange controls on currency conversion and the transfer of funds that might prevent us from repatriating cash earned in countries outside the U.S. in a tax-efficient manner;

•currency exchange rate fluctuations, currency restructurings, inflation or deflation and our ability to manage these fluctuations through a foreign exchange risk management program;

•different employee/employer relationships, laws and regulations, union recognition and the existence of employment tribunals and works councils;

•laws and regulations imposed by international governments, including those governing data security, sharing and transfer;

•potentially adverse tax consequences resulting from changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate or challenges to our interpretations and application of complex international tax laws;

•logistical, communications and other challenges caused by distance and cultural and language differences, each making it harder to do business in certain jurisdictions;

•volatility of global credit markets and the availability of consumer credit and financing in our international markets;

•uncertainty as to the enforceability of contract rights under local laws;

•the potential of forced nationalization of certain industries, or the impact on creditors' rights, consumer disposable income levels, flexibility and availability of consumer credit and the ability to enforce and collect aged or charged-off debts stemming from international governmental actions, whether through austerity or stimulus measures or initiatives,

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intended to control or influence macroeconomic factors such as wages, unemployment, national output or consumption, inflation, investment, credit, finance, taxation or other economic drivers;

•the presence of varying levels of business corruption in international markets and the effect of various anti-corruption and other laws on our international operations;

•the impact on our day-to-day operations and our ability to staff our international operations given our changing labor conditions and long-term trends towards higher wages in developed and emerging international markets as well as the potential impact of union organizing efforts;

•potential damage to our reputation due to non-compliance with international and local laws; and

•the complexity and necessity of using non-U.S. representatives, consultants and other third-party vendors.

Any one of these factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Compliance with complex and evolving international and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations could increase our cost of doing business in international jurisdictions.

We operate on a global basis with offices and activities in a number of jurisdictions throughout the Americas, Europe and Australia. We face increased exposure to risks inherent in conducting business internationally, including compliance with complex international and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations, which could increase our cost of doing business in international jurisdictions. These laws and regulations include those related to taxation and anti-corruption laws such as the FCPA and the UK Bribery Act. Given the complexity of these laws, there is a risk that we may inadvertently breach certain provisions of these laws, such as through the negligent behavior of an employee or our failure to comply with certain formal documentation requirements. Violations of these laws and regulations by us, any of our employees or our third-party vendors, either inadvertently or intentionally, could result in fines and penalties, criminal sanctions, restrictions on our operations and ability to offer our products and services in one or more countries. Violations of these laws could also adversely affect our business, brand, international expansion efforts, ability to attract and retain employees and results of operations.

Additionally, new or pending international regulations, such as the EU Directive (2021/2167) on Credit Servicers and Credit Purchasers and the Financial Conduct Authority’s Consumer Duty proposals, could adversely affect our operations in Europe once they are effective and require implementation.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

Our ability to collect and enforce our nonperforming loans may be limited under federal, state and international laws, regulations and policies.

Our operations are subject to licensing and regulation by governmental and regulatory bodies in the many jurisdictions in which we operate. U.S. federal and state laws, and the laws and regulations of the international countries in which we operate, may limit our ability to collect on and enforce our rights with respect to our nonperforming loans regardless of any act or omission on our part. Some laws and regulations applicable to credit issuers may preclude us from collecting on nonperforming loans we acquire if the credit issuer previously failed to comply with applicable laws in generating or servicing those accounts. Collection laws and regulations also directly apply to our business. Such laws and regulations are extensive and subject to change. A variety of state, federal and international laws and regulations govern the collection, use, retention, transmission, sharing and security of consumer data. Consumer protection and privacy protection laws, changes in the ways that existing rules or laws are interpreted or enforced and any procedures that may be implemented as a result of regulatory consent orders may adversely affect our ability to collect on our nonperforming loans and adversely affect our business. Our failure to comply with laws or regulations applicable to us could limit our ability to collect on our nonperforming loans, which could reduce our profitability and adversely affect our business.

Failure to comply with government regulation of the collections industry could result in penalties, fines, litigation, damage to our reputation or the suspension or termination of our ability to conduct our business.

The collections industry throughout the markets in which we operate is governed by various laws and regulations, many of which require us to be a licensed debt collector. Our industry is also at times investigated by regulators and offices of state attorneys general, and subpoenas and other requests or demands for information may be issued by governmental authorities who are investigating debt collection activities. These investigations may result in enforcement actions, fines and penalties, or the assertion of private claims and lawsuits. If any such investigations result in findings that we or our vendors have failed to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we could be subject to penalties, litigation losses and expenses, damage to our reputation, or the suspension or termination of, or required modification to, our ability to conduct collections, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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In a number of jurisdictions, we must maintain licenses to purchase or own debt, and/or to perform debt recovery services and must satisfy related bonding requirements. Our failure to comply with existing licensing requirements, changing interpretations of existing requirements, or adoption of new licensing requirements, could restrict our ability to collect in certain jurisdictions, subject us to increased regulation, increase our costs or adversely affect our ability to purchase, own and/or collect our nonperforming loans.

Some laws, among other things, also may limit the interest rate and the fees that a credit originator may impose on our consumers, limit the time in which we may file legal actions to enforce consumer accounts and require specific account information for certain collection activities. In addition, local requirements and court rulings in various jurisdictions may affect our ability to collect.

Regulations and statutes applicable to our industry further provide that, in some cases, consumers cannot be held liable for, or their liability may be limited with respect to, charges to their debit or credit card accounts that resulted from unauthorized use of their credit. These laws, among others, may limit our ability to recover amounts owing with respect to the nonperforming loans, whether or not we committed any wrongful act or omission in connection with the account.

If we fail to comply with any applicable laws and regulations discussed above, such failure could result in penalties, litigation losses and expenses, damage to our reputation, or otherwise impact our ability to conduct collections efforts, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Investigations, reviews or enforcement actions by governmental authorities may result in changes to our business practices; negatively impact our nonperforming loan portfolio acquisition volume; make collection of nonperforming loans more difficult; or expose us to the risk of fines, penalties, restitution payments and litigation.

Our debt collection activities and business practices are subject to review from time to time by various governmental authorities and regulators, including the CFPB, which may commence investigations, reviews or enforcement actions targeted at businesses in the financial services industry. These investigations or reviews may involve individual consumer complaints or our debt collection policies and practices generally. Such investigations or reviews could lead to assertions by governmental authorities that we are not complying with applicable laws or regulations. In such circumstances, authorities may request or seek to impose a range of remedies that could involve potential compensatory or punitive damage claims, fines, restitution payments, sanctions or injunctive relief, that if agreed to or granted, could require us to make payments or incur other expenditures that could have an adverse effect on our financial position. The CFPB has the authority to obtain cease and desist orders (which can include orders for restitution or rescission of contracts, as well as other kinds of affirmative relief), recover costs, and impose monetary penalties (ranging from $5,000 per day to over $1 million per day, depending on the nature and gravity of the violation). In addition, where a company has violated Title X of the Dodd-Frank Act or CFPB regulations implemented thereunder, the Dodd-Frank Act empowers state attorneys general and other state regulators to bring civil actions to remedy violations under state law. Governmental authorities could also request or seek to require us to cease certain practices or institute new practices. Negative publicity relating to investigations or proceedings brought by governmental authorities could have an adverse impact on our reputation, harm our ability to conduct business with industry participants, and result in financial institutions reducing or eliminating sales of nonperforming loan portfolios to us which would harm our business and negatively impact our results of operations. Moreover, changing or modifying our internal policies or procedures, responding to governmental inquiries and investigations and defending lawsuits or other proceedings could require significant efforts on the part of management and result in increased costs to our business. In addition, such efforts could divert management's full attention from our business operations. All of these factors could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The CFPB has issued civil investigative demands ("CIDs") to many companies that it regulates, including PRA Group, and periodically examines practices regarding the collection of consumer debt. As previously reported in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 9, 2015, Portfolio Associates, LLC ("PRA"), our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a consent order with the CFPB effective September 9, 2015 settling a previously disclosed investigation of certain debt collection practices of PRA (the "Consent Order"). As further discussed in the "Litigation and Regulatory Matters" section of Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K, we are in discussions with the CFPB regarding CIDs and requests for information issued by the CFPB to us related to our compliance with the Consent Order and applicable law. Although we believe we have implemented the requirements of the Consent Order, there can be no assurance that additional litigation or new industry regulations currently under consideration by the CFPB would not have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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The regulation of data privacy in the U.S and globally could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition by increasing our compliance costs.

The regulation of data privacy, including interpretations and determinations by regulatory authorities in the U.S. and in the countries in which we operate, continues to evolve. It is not possible to predict the effect of such rigorous data protection regulations over time. For example, GDPR impacts our European operations and required us to adapt our business practices accordingly. Financial penalties for noncompliance with the GDPR can be significant. It is also the case that the U.S. federal government and states within the U.S. have enacted or are considering legislation to enact data privacy protections. Data privacy regulations could result in increased costs of conducting business to maintain compliance with such regulations. Although we take significant steps to protect the security of our data and the personal data of our customers, we may be required to expend significant resources to comply with regulations if third parties improperly obtain and use such data.

Changes in tax provisions or exposures to additional tax liabilities could have an adverse tax effect on our financial condition.

We record reserves for uncertain tax positions based on our assessment of the probability of successfully sustaining tax filing positions. Management exercises significant judgment when assessing the probability of successfully sustaining tax filing positions, in determining whether a tax liability should be recorded and, if so, estimating that amount. Our tax filings are subject to audit by domestic and international tax authorities. If our tax filing positions are successfully challenged, payments could be required that are in excess of reserved amounts or we may be required to reduce the carrying amount of our net deferred tax asset, either of which could be significant to our financial condition or results of operations. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our financial statements and may adversely or beneficially affect our financial results in the period(s) for which such determination is made.

Financial and Liquidity Risks

We expect to use leverage in executing our business strategy, which may adversely affect the return on our assets.

We may incur a substantial amount of debt in the future. Our existing indebtedness is recourse to us, and we anticipate that future indebtedness will likewise be recourse. As of December 31, 2021, we had total consolidated indebtedness of approximately $2.6 billion, all of which, except for $345.0 million outstanding principal amount of our 3.50% Convertible Notes due 2023 (the "2023 Notes"), $300.0 million outstanding principal amount of our 7.375% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"), and $350.0 million outstanding principal amount of our 5.00% Senior Notes due 2029 (the "2029 Notes" and together with the 2025 Notes, the "Senior Notes"), was secured indebtedness. In addition, as of December 31, 2021, we had total committed revolving borrowing capacity of $1.3 billion available under our credit facilities, all of which if borrowed would be secured indebtedness. Considering borrowing base restrictions and other covenants, the amount available to be borrowed under our credit facilities would have been $624.7 million as of December 31, 2021. Our management team will consider a number of factors when evaluating our level of indebtedness and when making decisions regarding the incurrence of any new indebtedness, including the purchase price of assets to be acquired with debt financing, the estimated market value of our assets and the ability of particular assets and the Company as a whole, to generate cash flow to cover the expected debt service.

Incurring a substantial amount of debt could have important consequences for our business, including:

•making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our debt, to our trade or other creditors;

•increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic or industry conditions;

•limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund capital expenditures and acquisitions, particularly when the availability of financing in the capital markets is constrained;

•requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations and reducing our ability to use our cash flows to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and general corporate requirements;

•increasing the amount of interest expense because most of the indebtedness under our credit facilities bear interest at floating rates, which, if interest rates increase, will result in higher interest expense;

•limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; and

•placing us at a competitive disadvantage to less leveraged competitors.

We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us through capital markets financings, under credit facilities or otherwise, in an amount sufficient to enable us to repay our indebtedness, repurchase our 2023 Notes upon a fundamental change or settle conversions in cash, repurchase our Senior Notes upon a change of control or fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a portion of our

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indebtedness, at or before its scheduled maturity. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In addition, we may incur additional indebtedness in order to finance our operations or to repay existing indebtedness. If we cannot service our indebtedness, we may have to take actions such as selling assets, seeking additional debt or equity or reducing or delaying capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions, investments and alliances. We cannot assure you that any such actions, if necessary, could be effected on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or on terms that would be advantageous to our stockholders or on terms that would not require us to breach the terms and conditions of our existing or future debt agreements. Our ability to access additional future borrowings could be negatively impacted as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global debt and capital markets.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service obligations.

Our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to make scheduled payments on our debt obligations will depend on our current and future financial performance, which is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. In the future, we may fail to generate sufficient cash flow from the collection of nonperforming loans to meet our cash requirements. Further, our capital requirements may vary materially from those currently planned if, for example, our revenues do not reach expected levels, we have to incur unforeseen expenses, we invest in acquisitions or make other investments that we believe will benefit our competitive position. If we do not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to satisfy our debt obligations, including interest payments and the payment of principal at maturity, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our debt, selling assets or seeking to raise additional capital. We cannot provide assurance that any refinancing would be possible, that any assets could be sold, or, if sold, of the timeliness and amount of proceeds realized from those sales, that additional financing could be obtained on acceptable terms, if at all, or that additional financing would be permitted under the terms of our various debt instruments then in effect. Furthermore, our ability to refinance would depend upon the condition of the finance and credit markets. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms or on a timely basis, would materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations and may delay or prevent the expansion of our business.

The agreements governing our indebtedness include provisions that may restrict our financial and business operations.

Our credit facilities and the indentures that govern our 2023 Notes and our Senior Notes contain financial and other restrictive covenants, including restrictions on how we operate our business and our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders. These restrictions may interfere with our ability to engage in other necessary or desirable business activities, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Failure to satisfy any one of these covenants could result in negative consequences, including the following:

•acceleration of outstanding indebtedness;

•exercise by our lenders of rights with respect to the collateral pledged under certain of our outstanding indebtedness;

•our inability to continue to purchase nonperforming loans needed to operate our business; or

•our inability to secure alternative financing on favorable terms, if at all.

Uncertainty about the transition from LIBOR may adversely affect our business.

LIBOR is used extensively in the U.S. and globally as a "benchmark" or "reference rate" for various types of investments, including derivatives contracts and adjustable-rate loans. Historically, these investments paid an interest rate based on, or their performance was otherwise tied to, LIBOR on the assumption that LIBOR’s fluctuating rate would be published regularly. However, the Financial Conduct Authority ceased publishing most LIBOR rates effective January 1, 2022 with an extension to June 30, 2023 for the remaining LIBOR rates. Although alternative reference rates have been proposed to replace LIBOR, market adoption of these rates varies across products, services and contracts, potentially leading to market fragmentation, reduced liquidity in the market and increased operational complexity. As a result, we have developed a plan to transition from LIBOR for applicable borrowings and derivative hedging agreements. Our borrowings and the operation of our derivative hedging agreements could be adversely impacted if our current plans for the transition from LIBOR are not effective or if the alternative reference rates we will rely on do not behave as expected.

Cybersecurity and Technology Risks

A cybersecurity incident could disrupt our operations, compromise or corrupt our confidential information or damage our reputation, all of which could negatively impact our business and financial results.

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Our business is highly dependent on our ability to process and monitor a large number of transactions across markets and in multiple currencies. As we expand geographically, maintaining the security of our information technology systems and infrastructure becomes more significant and challenging. The three primary risks we face from a cybersecurity incident are operational disruption, the exposure of private data including, customer information, our employees' personally identifiable information, or proprietary business information such as underwriting and collections methodologies and reputational damage. As our reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our systems, some of which are internal, some hosted in the cloud and others we have outsourced.

Although we take preventive steps, including patching our systems and infrastructure, monitoring and blocking malicious traffic with intrusion and detection prevention systems, monitoring firewalls to safeguard critical business applications, conducting regular external and internal security penetrations testing and supervising third party providers that have access to our systems, our computer systems, software and network, may still be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses or other malicious code, and other events that could have a security impact. To date, interruptions of our systems and infrastructure resulting from cybersecurity incidents have been infrequent and have not had a material impact on operations. However, these measures, as well as our organization's increased awareness of our risk of a cybersecurity incident, do not guarantee that our business, reputation or financial results will not be impacted in a material adverse manner by such an incident. Should such a cybersecurity incident occur, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to notify affected consumers, modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures. Additionally, we may be subject to fines, penalties, litigation costs and settlements and financial losses that may not be fully covered by our cybersecurity insurance.

The underperformance or failure of our information technology infrastructure, networks or communication systems could result in loss in productivity, loss of competitive advantage and business disruption.

We depend on effective information and communication systems to operate our business. We have also acquired and expect to acquire additional systems as a result of business acquisitions. Significant resources are required to maintain or enhance our existing information and telephone systems and to replace obsolete systems. Although we periodically upgrade, streamline, and integrate our systems and have invested in strategies to prevent a failure, our systems are susceptible to outages due to natural disasters, power loss, computer viruses, security breaches, hardware or software vulnerabilities, disruptions, and similar events. Failure to adequately implement or maintain effective and efficient information systems with sufficiently advanced technological capabilities, or our failure to efficiently and effectively consolidate our information systems to eliminate redundant or obsolete applications, could cause us to lose our competitive advantage, divert management’s time, result in a loss of productivity or disrupt business operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.

Our corporate headquarters and primary domestic operations facilities are located in Norfolk, Virginia. In addition, at December 31, 2021, we had 15 operational centers in the Americas and Australia (12 leased and three owned), and 11 in Europe (all leased).

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

We and our subsidiaries are from time to time subject to a variety of routine legal and regulatory claims, inquiries and proceedings, most of which are incidental to the ordinary course of our business. We initiate lawsuits against customers and are occasionally countersued by them in such actions. Also, customers, either individually, as members of a class action, or through a governmental entity on behalf of customers, may initiate litigation against us in which they allege that we have violated a state or federal law in the process of collecting on an account. From time to time, other types of lawsuits are brought against us.

Refer to Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for information regarding legal proceedings in which we are involved.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Common Stock

Our common stock is traded on Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "PRAA." Based on information provided by our transfer agent and registrar, as of February 21, 2021, there were 46 holders of record.

Stock Performance

The following graph and subsequent table compare from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2021, the cumulative stockholder returns assuming an initial investment of $100 in our common stock (PRAA), the stocks comprising the Nasdaq Financial 100 (IXF) and the stocks comprising the Nasdaq Global Market Composite Index (NQGM) at the beginning of the period. Any dividends paid during the five-year period are assumed to be reinvested.

	Ticker	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021
PRA Group, Inc.	PRAA	$	100	$	85	$	62	$	93	$	101	$	128
Nasdaq Financial 100	IXF	$	100	$	115	$	106	$	137	$	142	$	181
Nasdaq Global Market Composite Index	NQGM	$	100	$	125	$	117	$	161	$	265	$	225

Prepared by Zacks Investment Research, Inc. Used with permission. All rights reserved. Copyright 1980-2022. Index Data: Copyright NASDAQ OMX, Inc. Used with permission. All rights reserved.

The comparisons of stock performance shown above are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of our common stock. We do not make or endorse any predictions as to our future stock performance.

Dividend Policy

Our Board of Directors sets our dividend policy. We do not currently pay regular dividends on our common stock and did not pay dividends in the three years ended December 31, 2021; however, our Board of Directors may determine in the future to declare or pay dividends on our common stock. Our credit facilities and the indentures that govern our 2023 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes contain financial and other restrictive covenants, including restrictions on how we operate our business and our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders. Any future determination as to the declaration and payment of dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on conditions then existing, including our results of operations, financial condition, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors that our Board of Directors may consider relevant.

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Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

For information regarding securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans see Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Share Repurchase Programs

On July 29, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program under which we are authorized to repurchase up to $150.0 million of our outstanding common stock. On October 28, 2021, the Board of Directors approved an increase of $80.0 million to the existing share repurchase program for a total of $230.0 million. For more information, see Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources" of this Form 10-K.

The following table provides information about the Company's common stock purchased during the fourth quarter of the year ended December 31, 2021.

	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs	Maximum Remaining Purchase Price for Share Repurchases Under the Program (1)
Period
October 1, 2021 to October 31, 2021	427,103	$	42.56	427,103	$	137,977
November 1,2021 to November 30, 2021	710,100	43.67		710,100	106,969
December 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021	1,907,236	47.10		1,907,236	17,132
Total	3,044,439	$	45.66	3,044,439	$	17,132

(1) Dollars in thousands.

Item 6. [Reserved]

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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Objective

This discussion is from the perspective of management and is intended to help the reader understand our financial condition, cash flows and other changes in financial condition and results of operations. It should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Additionally, this discussion includes material events and uncertainties known to management that are reasonably likely to cause reported financial information not to be indicative of our future operating results or of our future financial condition.

Overview

We are a global financial and business services company with operations in the Americas, Europe and Australia. Our primary business is the purchase, collection and management of portfolios of nonperforming loans.

COVID-19

Since March 2020, we have been, and continue to be, impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and its variants in all countries in which we operate. The on-going effects of COVID-19, continue to be difficult to predict due to various uncertainties including transmissibility, new variants, severity and duration. The global spread of COVID-19 continues to disrupt normal business operations and has had a negative impact on the economy and contributed to an inflationary environment.

In an effort to control the spread of COVID-19, the countries in which we operate continue to consider governmental, legal and regulatory actions as well as health and safety measures. We continue to monitor the impact on our business, operations and financial results and have taken steps to mitigate adverse effects wherever possible. These steps include communicating with regulators and government officials concerning legislation and regulations, enabling employees to work remotely and implementing social distancing in the workplaces that remain open.

Specific impacts on our business, results of operations and financial condition included:

•a continued increase in cash collections, which we believe to be acceleration of future payments. In the second half of 2021, we started to see cash collections return to more normalized levels; and

•a continued decrease in portfolio purchases in the U.S due to lower levels of bankruptcy filings and charge-offs.

Funds generated from operations, cash collections on nonperforming loan portfolios, existing cash, available borrowings under our revolving credit facilities, the addition of our Senior Notes and access to the capital markets have been sufficient to finance our operations, planned capital expenditures, forward flow purchase commitments, debt maturities and portfolio purchases during the pandemic. We continue to monitor the need to expand our access to credit to fund the aforementioned business activities.

Our analysis of the current and future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations is based on management’s constant monitoring of key data and information, including (1) changes in laws, regulations and governmental actions, (2) trends in the macroeconomic environment, consumer behavior and key operational metrics such as cash collections and (3) conditions in the nonperforming loan market. However, we cannot predict the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our business, results of operations and financial condition due to the numerous evolving factors associated with the pandemic. See the "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

Frequently Used Terms

We may use the following terminology throughout this Form 10-K:

•"Buybacks" refers to purchase price refunded by the seller due to the return of ineligible accounts.

•"Cash collections" refers to collections on our nonperforming loan portfolios.

•"Cash receipts" refers to cash collections on our nonperforming loan portfolios plus fee income.

•"Change in expected recoveries" refers to the differences of actual recoveries received when compared to expected recoveries and the net present value of changes in estimated remaining collections.

•"Core" accounts or portfolios refer to accounts or portfolios that are nonperforming loans and are not in an insolvent status upon acquisition. These accounts are aggregated separately from insolvency accounts.

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•"Estimated remaining collections" or "ERC" refers to the sum of all future projected cash collections on our nonperforming loan portfolios.

•"Finance receivables" or "receivables" refers to the negative allowance for expected recoveries recorded on our balance sheet as an asset.

•"Insolvency" accounts or portfolios refer to accounts or portfolios of nonperforming loans that are in an insolvent status when we purchase them and as such are purchased as a pool of insolvent accounts. These accounts include IVAs, Trust Deeds in the UK, Consumer Proposals in Canada and bankruptcy accounts in the U.S., Canada, Germany and the UK.

•"Negative Allowance" refers to the present value of cash flows expected to be collected on our finance receivables.

•"Portfolio acquisitions" refers to all nonperforming loan portfolios acquired as a result of a purchase, but also includes portfolios added as a result of a business acquisition.

•"Portfolio purchases" refers to all nonperforming loan portfolios purchased in the normal course of business and excludes those added as a result of business acquisitions.

•"Portfolio income" reflects revenue recorded due to the passage of time using the effective interest rate calculated based on the purchase price of nonperforming loan portfolios and estimated remaining collections.

•"Purchase price" refers to the cash paid to a seller to acquire nonperforming loans.

•"Purchase price multiple" refers to the total estimated collections (as defined below) on our nonperforming loan portfolios divided by purchase price.

•"Recoveries" refers to cash collections plus buybacks and other adjustments.

•"Total estimated collections" or "TEC" refers to actual cash collections plus estimated remaining collections on our nonperforming loan portfolios.

Unless otherwise specified, references to 2021, 2020 and 2019 are for the years ended December 31, 2021, December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

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Results of Operations

The results of operations include the financial results of the Company and all of our subsidiaries. As of January 1, 2020 we adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 326 "Financial Instruments-Credit Losses" ("ASC 326") on a prospective basis. Prior period amounts were accounted for under ASC Topic 310-30 "Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. The following table sets forth Consolidated Income Statement amounts as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):

	2021				2020				2019
Revenues:
Portfolio income	$	875,327	79.9	%	$	984,036	92.4	%	$	—	—	%
Changes in expected recoveries	197,904		18.1		69,297		6.5		—		—
Total portfolio revenue	1,073,231		98.0		1,053,333		98.9		—		—
Income recognized on finance receivables	—		—		—		—		998,361		98.2
Fee income	14,699		1.3		9,748		0.9		15,769		1.5
Other revenue	7,802		0.7		2,333		0.2		2,951		0.3
Total revenues	1,095,732		100.0		1,065,414		100.0		1,017,081		100.0
Net allowance charges	—		—		—		—		(24,025)		(2.4)
Operating expenses:
Compensation and employee services	301,981		27.6		295,150		27.7		310,441		30.5
Legal collection fees	47,206		4.3		53,758		5.1		55,261		5.4
Legal collection costs	78,330		7.1		101,635		9.5		134,156		13.2
Agency fees	63,140		5.8		56,418		5.3		55,812		5.5
Outside fees and services	92,615		8.5		84,087		7.9		63,513		6.2
Communication	42,755		3.9		40,801		3.8		44,057		4.3
Rent and occupancy	18,376		1.7		17,973		1.7		17,854		1.8
Depreciation and amortization	15,256		1.4		18,465		1.7		17,464		1.7
Other operating expenses	61,077		5.5		47,426		4.5		46,811		4.6
Total operating expenses	720,736		65.8		715,713		67.2		745,369		73.2
Income from operations	374,996		34.2		349,701		32.8		247,687		24.4
Other income and (expense):
Interest expense, net	(124,143)		(11.3)		(141,712)		(13.2)		(141,918)		(14.0)
Foreign exchange (loss)/ gain	(809)		(0.1)		2,005		0.2		11,954		1.2
Other	282		—		(1,049)		(0.2)		(364)		(0.1)
Income before income taxes	250,326		22.8		208,945		19.6		117,359		11.5
Income tax expense	54,817		5.0		41,203		3.9		19,680		1.9
Net income	195,509		17.8		167,742		15.7		97,679		9.6
Adjustment for net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	12,351		1.1		18,403		1.7		11,521		1.1
Net income attributable to PRA Group, Inc.	$	183,158	16.7	%	$	149,339	14.0	%	$	86,158	8.5	%

21

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2020

Cash Collections

Cash collections for the years indicated were as follows (amounts in millions):

	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change
Americas and Australia Core	$	1,206.9	$	1,271.9	$	(65.0)	(5.1)	%
Americas Insolvency	147.3		155.3		(8.0)		(5.2)
Europe Core	614.6		519.7		94.9		18.3
Europe Insolvency	92.9		58.9		34.0		57.7
Total cash collections	$	2,061.7	$	2,005.8	$	55.9	2.8	%
Cash collections adjusted (1)	$	2,061.7	$	2,035.6	$	26.1	1.3	%

(1) Cash collections adjusted refers to 2020 cash collections translated using 2021 exchange rates.

Cash collections were $2,061.7 million in 2021, an increase of $55.9 million, or 2.8%, compared to $2,005.8 million in 2020. The increase was largely due to increased cash collections in Europe of $128.9 million, or 22.3%, primarily reflecting the impact from significant levels of portfolio purchases in the last few years. This increase was partially offset by a decrease of $40.1 million, or 10.7%, in U.S. legal cash collections reflecting a lower volume of accounts in the legal channel. Cash collections in our U.S. call center and other collections decreased by $14.3 million, or 1.9%, primarily due to the level of cash collections normalizing compared to elevated levels from the impact of excess consumer liquidity and government programs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and lower purchasing. Additionally, cash collections in Other Americas and Australia Core decreased $10.6 million, or 7.9%, and cash collections in Americas Insolvency decreased $8.0 million, or 5.2%, primarily due to the runoff of older portfolios.

Revenues

Revenue generation for the years indicated were as follows (amounts in thousands):

	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change
Portfolio income	$	875,327	$	984,036	$	(108,709)	(11.0)	%
Changes in expected recoveries	197,904		69,297		128,607		185.6
Total portfolio revenue	1,073,231		1,053,333		19,898		1.9
Fee income	14,699		9,748		4,951		50.8
Other revenue	7,802		2,333		5,469		234.4
Total revenues	$	1,095,732	$	1,065,414	$	30,318	2.8	%

Total Portfolio Revenue

Total portfolio revenues were $1,073.2 million in 2021, an increase of $19.9 million, or 1.9%, compared to $1,053.3 million in 2020. The increase reflects cash collections overperformance mostly offset by the net impact of forecast adjustments and, to a lesser extent, lower purchasing. We assumed that the majority of the cash collections overperformance was acceleration of future collections. We also increased near-term expected cash collections in certain geographies to reflect recent performance and trends in collections, and made corresponding reductions later in the forecast period.

Fee Income

Fee income was $14.7 million in 2021, an increase of $5.0 million, or 50.8%, compared to $9.7 million in 2020. The increase is primarily attributable to higher settlements during 2021 in our claims processing company, CCB.

Other Revenue

Other revenue was $7.8 million in 2021, an increase of $5.5 million compared to $2.3 million in 2020. The increase reflects a gain on sale from certain other assets during the first quarter of 2021.

Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses were $720.7 million in 2021, an increase of $5.0 million, or 0.7%, compared to $715.7 million in 2020.

22

Compensation and Employee Services

Compensation and employee service expenses were $302.0 million in 2021, an increase of $6.8 million, or 2.3%, compared to $295.2 million in 2020. The increase was primarily attributable to higher costs associated with additional headcount in Europe, unfavorable foreign exchange rates and increased stock based compensation expense, partially offset by a reduction of costs associated with lower average headcount in the U.S. call center workforce. Total full-time equivalents decreased 9.8% to 3,446 as of December 31, 2021 from 3,820 as of December 31, 2020.

Legal Collection Fees

Legal collection fees represent contingent fees incurred for the cash collections generated by our independent third-party attorney network. Legal collection fees were $47.2 million in 2021, a decrease of $6.6 million, or 12.3%, compared to $53.8 million in 2020. The decrease was mainly due to lower external legal cash collections in the U.S.

Legal Collection Costs

Legal collection costs primarily consist of costs paid to courts where a lawsuit is filed for the purpose of attempting to collect on an account. Legal collection costs were $78.3 million in 2021, a decrease of $23.3 million, or 22.9%, compared to $101.6 million in 2020. The decrease was primarily due to lower levels of accounts placed into the legal channel in the U.S., primarily reflecting a shift in collections from the legal channel to our call centers and digital platforms. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in Europe reflecting higher recent purchases and muted levels of accounts placed into the legal channel during 2020 from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Agency Fees

Agency fees primarily represent third-party collection fees. Agency fees were $63.1 million in 2021, an increase of $6.7 million, or 11.9%, compared to $56.4 million in 2020 primarily reflecting an increase in agency fees outside of the U.S. during the first half of the year.

Outside Fees and Services

Outside fees and services expenses were $92.6 million in 2021, an increase of $8.5 million, or 10.1%, compared to $84.1 million in 2020. The increase was primarily due to higher legal expenses.

Communication

Communication expenses primarily represent postage and telephone related expenses incurred as a result of our collection efforts. Communication expenses were $42.8 million in 2021, an increase of $2.0 million, or 4.9%, compared to $40.8 million in 2020. The increase mainly reflects higher postage costs due to our decision to delay mailing in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other

Other expenses were $61.1 million in 2021, an increase of $13.7 million, or 28.9%, compared to $47.4 million in 2020. The increase was primarily driven by investments in digital operations and data and analytics as well as higher software expenses.

23

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net for the years indicated were as follows (amounts in thousands):

	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change
Interest on debt obligations and unused line fees (1)	$	76,759	$	96,979	$	(20,220)	(20.8)	%
Interest on senior notes	26,889		7,621		19,268		252.8
Coupon interest on convertible notes	12,075		17,064		(4,989)		(29.2)
Amortization of convertible notes discount	—		10,811		(10,811)		(100.0)
Amortization of loan fees and other loan costs	9,508		10,252		(744)		(7.3)
Interest income	(1,088)		(1,015)		(73)		7.2
Interest expense, net	$	124,143	$	141,712	$	(17,569)	(12.4)	%

(1) Excludes interest related to our Convertible Notes.

Interest expense, net was $124.1 million in 2021, a decrease of $17.6 million, or 12.4%, compared to $141.7 million in 2020 primarily due to lower levels of average outstanding borrowings under our debt obligations and the 2021 change in accounting related to our convertible notes. See Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Foreign Exchange (Loss)/Gain

Foreign exchange losses were $0.8 million in 2021 compared to foreign exchange gains of $2.0 million in 2020. In any given period, we may incur foreign currency exchange gains or losses from transactions in currencies other than the functional currency.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $54.8 million in 2021, an increase of $13.6 million, or 33.0%, compared to $41.2 million in 2020. The increase was primarily due to higher income before income taxes, which increased $41.4 million, or 19.8%, and a change in the mix of income between countries of operation. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in uncertain tax positions. In 2021 our effective tax rate was 21.9% compared to 19.7% in 2020.

Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared To Year Ended December 31, 2019

Refer to Item 7 "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of our 2020 Form 10-K for a discussion of our 2020 results compared to our 2019 results.

24

Supplemental Performance Data

Finance Receivables Portfolio Performance

We purchase nonperforming loans from a variety of credit originators and segregate them into two main portfolio segments: Core or Insolvency, based on the status of the account upon acquisition. In addition, the accounts are further segregated into geographical regions based upon where the account was purchased. The accounts represented in the Insolvency tables below are those portfolios of accounts that were in an insolvency status at the time of purchase. This contrasts with accounts in our Core portfolios that file for bankruptcy/insolvency protection after we purchase them, which continue to be tracked in their corresponding Core portfolio. Core customers sometimes file for bankruptcy/insolvency protection subsequent to our purchase of the related Core portfolio. When this occurs, we adjust our collection practices to comply with bankruptcy/insolvency rules and procedures; however, for accounting purposes, these accounts remain in the original Core pool. Insolvency accounts may be dismissed voluntarily or involuntarily subsequent to our purchase of the Insolvency portfolio. Dismissal occurs when the terms of the bankruptcy are not met by the petitioner. When this occurs, we are typically free to pursue collection outside of bankruptcy procedures; however, for accounting purposes, these accounts remain in the original Insolvency pool.

Purchase price multiples can vary over time due to a variety of factors, including pricing competition, supply levels, age of the accounts acquired, and changes in our operational efficiency. For example, increased pricing competition during the 2005 to 2008 period negatively impacted purchase price multiples of our Core portfolio compared to prior years. Conversely, during the 2009 to 2011 period, additional supply occurred as a result of the economic downturn. This variance created unique and advantageous purchasing opportunities, particularly within the Insolvency market, relative to the prior four years. Purchase price multiples can also vary among types of finance receivables. For example, we generally incur lower collection costs on our Insolvency portfolio compared with our Core portfolio. This allows us, in general, to pay more for an Insolvency portfolio and experience lower purchase price multiples, while generating similar net income margins when compared with a Core portfolio.

When competition increases and/or supply decreases, pricing often becomes negatively impacted relative to expected collections, and effective interest rates tend to trend lower. The opposite tends to occur when competition decreases and/or supply increases.

Within a given portfolio type, to the extent that lower purchase price multiples are the result of more competitive pricing and lower net yields, this will generally lead to lower profitability. As portfolio pricing becomes more favorable on a relative basis, our profitability will tend to increase. Profitability within given Core portfolio types may also be impacted by the age and quality of the accounts, which impact the cost to collect those accounts. Fresher accounts, for example, typically carry lower associated collection costs, while older accounts and lower balance accounts typically carry higher costs and, as a result, require higher purchase price multiples to achieve the same net profitability as fresher paper.

Revenue recognition under ASC 326 is driven by estimates of the amount and timing of collections. We record new portfolio acquisitions at the purchase price, which reflects the amount we expect to collect discounted at an effective interest rate. During the year of acquisition, the annual pool is aggregated and the blended effective interest rate will change to reflect new buying and new cash flow estimates until the end of the year. At that time, the effective interest rate is fixed at the amount we expect to collect discounted at the rate to equate purchase price to the recovery estimate. During the first year following purchase, we typically do not allow purchase price multiples to expand. Subsequent to the initial year, as we gain collection experience and confidence with a pool of accounts, we regularly update ERC. As a result, our estimate of total collections has often increased as pools have aged. These processes have tended to cause the ratio of ERC to purchase price for any given year of buying to gradually increase over time. Thus, all factors being equal in terms of pricing, one would typically tend to see a higher collection to purchase price ratio from a pool of accounts that was six years from acquisition than a pool that was just two years from acquisition.

The numbers presented in the following tables represent gross cash collections and do not reflect any costs to collect; therefore, they may not represent relative profitability. Due to all the factors described above, readers should be cautious when making comparisons of purchase price multiples among periods and between types of categories of portfolio segments and related geographies.

25

Purchase Price Multiples as of December 31, 2021 Amounts in thousands
Purchase Period	Purchase Price (1)(2)		Total Estimated Collections (3)		Estimated Remaining Collections (4)		Current Purchase Price Multiple	Original Purchase Price Multiple (5)
Americas and Australia Core
1996-2011	$	1,287,821	$	4,119,794	$	27,874	320%	240%
2012	254,076		652,359		11,867		257%	226%
2013	390,826		894,234		17,955		229%	211%
2014	404,117		859,555		29,634		213%	204%
2015	443,114		910,077		79,134		205%	205%
2016	455,767		1,117,255		163,295		245%	201%
2017	532,851		1,215,524		240,172		228%	193%
2018	653,975		1,394,839		301,952		213%	202%
2019	581,476		1,257,641		434,423		216%	206%
2020	435,668		940,982		522,918		216%	213%
2021	435,846		833,624		748,852		191%	191%
Subtotal	5,875,537		14,195,884		2,578,076
Americas Insolvency
1996-2011	786,827		1,752,771		790		223%	174%
2012	251,395		393,018		67		156%	136%
2013	227,834		355,274		373		156%	133%
2014	148,420		219,141		1,583		148%	124%
2015	63,170		87,377		361		138%	125%
2016	91,442		116,498		1,468		127%	123%
2017	275,257		353,296		23,180		128%	125%
2018	97,879		134,417		38,130		137%	127%
2019	123,077		163,200		79,392		133%	128%
2020	62,130		86,107		63,473		139%	136%
2021	55,187		74,931		70,317		136%	136%
Subtotal	2,182,618		3,736,030		279,134
Total Americas and Australia	8,058,155		17,931,914		2,857,210
Europe Core
2012	20,409		42,579		—		209%	187%
2013	20,334		26,267		—		129%	119%
2014	773,811		2,239,932		460,391		289%	208%
2015	411,340		720,559		203,212		175%	160%
2016	333,090		561,569		243,437		169%	167%
2017	252,174		353,450		154,560		140%	144%
2018	341,775		527,012		287,725		154%	148%
2019	518,610		775,332		485,171		150%	152%
2020	324,119		553,951		410,322		171%	172%
2021	412,411		699,959		652,200		170%	170%
Subtotal	3,408,073		6,500,610		2,897,018
Europe Insolvency
2014	10,876		18,370		28		169%	129%
2015	18,973		29,002		892		153%	139%
2016	39,338		56,831		4,398		144%	130%
2017	39,235		49,287		10,641		126%	128%
2018	44,908		51,499		22,265		115%	123%
2019	77,218		102,095		53,796		132%	130%
2020	105,440		135,907		94,242		129%	129%
2021	53,230		71,526		66,095		134%	134%
Subtotal	389,218		514,517		252,357
Total Europe	3,797,291		7,015,127		3,149,375
Total PRA Group	$	11,855,446	$	24,947,041	$	6,006,585

(1)Includes the acquisition date finance receivables portfolios that were acquired through our business acquisitions.

(2)For our non-U.S. amounts, purchase price is presented at the exchange rate at the end of the year in which the portfolio was purchased. In addition, any purchase price adjustments that occur throughout the life of the portfolio are presented at the year-end exchange rate for the respective year of purchase.

(3)For our non-U.S. amounts, TEC is presented at the year-end exchange rate for the respective year of purchase.

(4)For our non-U.S. amounts, ERC is presented at the December 31, 2021 exchange rate.

(5)The Original Purchase Price Multiple represents the purchase price multiple at the end of the year of acquisition.

26

Portfolio Financial Information For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Amounts in thousands
Purchase Period	Cash Collections (1)		Portfolio Income (1)		Changes in Expected Recoveries (1)		Total Portfolio Revenue (1)		Net Finance Receivables as of December 31, 2021 (2)
Americas and Australia Core
1996-2011	$	20,819	$	12,632	$	5,346	$	17,978	$	6,433
2012	9,046		4,123		2,610		6,733		4,446
2013	16,657		7,520		1,613		9,133		8,763
2014	22,323		10,040		(742)		9,298		12,225
2015	34,938		19,582		(9,082)		10,500		31,412
2016	74,206		40,717		(1,395)		39,322		58,086
2017	129,962		61,776		11,275		73,051		108,433
2018	239,862		83,566		38,960		122,526		167,343
2019	289,779		117,189		34,744		151,933		240,112
2020	284,284		125,173		46,195		171,368		299,290
2021	85,003		61,842		(4,866)		56,976		408,212
Subtotal	1,206,879		544,160		124,658		668,818		1,344,755
Americas Insolvency
1996-2011	792		882		(73)		809		—
2012	601		188		425		613		—
2013	811		459		363		822		—
2014	1,118		1,108		(44)		1,064		148
2015	1,250		538		32		570		218
2016	7,352		1,321		(332)		989		1,060
2017	43,978		7,795		4,718		12,513		20,304
2018	31,637		5,944		3,757		9,701		33,715
2019	39,073		8,739		2,590		11,329		69,514
2020	16,108		7,220		1,885		9,105		50,482
2021	4,616		2,799		804		3,603		53,837
Subtotal	147,336		36,993		14,125		51,118		229,278
Total Americas and Australia	1,354,215		581,153		138,783		719,936		1,574,033
Europe Core
2012	1,160		—		1,160		1,160		—
2013	680		—		681		681		—
2014	149,246		94,750		25,771		120,521		131,950
2015	51,397		26,474		(7,320)		19,154		107,415
2016	46,702		23,859		(1,569)		22,290		141,981
2017	34,800		11,718		(2,815)		8,903		106,026
2018	69,106		23,502		5,352		28,854		189,813
2019	121,385		37,266		12,333		49,599		328,709
2020	91,672		35,697		13,610		49,307		250,434
2021	48,453		18,809		6,159		24,968		388,850
Subtotal	614,601		272,075		53,362		325,437		1,645,178
Europe Insolvency
2014	328		109		144		253		14
2015	1,605		647		3		650		653
2016	5,951		1,685		208		1,893		3,398
2017	9,366		1,301		379		1,680		9,673
2018	11,678		2,212		(1,153)		1,059		19,877
2019	23,867		5,552		1,307		6,859		45,649
2020	34,647		8,791		3,067		11,858		79,363
2021	5,483		1,802		1,804		3,606		50,447
Subtotal	92,925		22,099		5,759		27,858		209,074
Total Europe	707,526		294,174		59,121		353,295		1,854,252
Total PRA Group	$	2,061,741	$	875,327	$	197,904	$	1,073,231	$	3,428,285

(1)Non-U.S. amounts are presented using the average exchange rates during the reporting period.

(2)For non-U.S. amounts, net finance receivables are presented at the December 31, 2021 exchange rate.

27

Cash Collections by Year, By Year of Purchase (1) as of December 31, 2021 Amounts in millions
			Cash Collections
Purchase Period	Purchase Price (2)(3)		1996-2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		Total
Americas and Australia Core
1996-2011	$	1,287.8	$	2,419.5	$	486.0	$	381.3	$	266.3	$	183.1	$	119.0	$	78.0	$	56.0	$	45.0	$	29.7	$	20.8	$	4,084.7
2012	254.1		—		56.9		173.6		146.2		97.3		60.0		40.0		27.8		17.9		11.8		9.0		640.5
2013	390.8		—		—		101.6		247.8		194.0		120.8		78.9		56.4		36.9		23.2		16.7		876.3
2014	404.1		—		—		—		92.7		253.4		170.3		114.2		82.2		55.3		31.9		22.3		822.3
2015	443.1		—		—		—		—		117.0		228.4		185.9		126.6		83.6		57.2		34.9		833.6
2016	455.8		—		—		—		—				138.7		256.5		194.6		140.6		105.9		74.2		910.5
2017	532.9		—		—		—		—		—		—		107.3		278.7		256.5		192.5		130.0		965.0
2018	654.0		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		122.7		361.9		337.7		239.9		1,062.2
2019	581.5		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		143.8		349.0		289.8		782.6
2020	435.7		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		133.0		284.3		417.3
2021	435.8		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		85.0		85.0
Subtotal	5,875.6		2,419.5		542.9		656.5		753.0		844.8		837.2		860.8		945.0		1,141.5		1,271.9		1,206.9		11,480.0
Americas Insolvency
1996-2011	786.8		667.4		336.8		313.7		244.7		128.2		44.6		8.4		4.0		2.1		1.3		0.8		1,752.0
2012	251.4		—		17.4		103.6		94.1		80.1		60.7		29.3		4.3		1.9		0.9		0.6		392.9
2013	227.8		—		—		52.5		82.6		81.7		63.4		47.8		21.9		2.9		1.3		0.8		354.9
2014	148.4		—		—		—		37.0		50.9		44.3		37.4		28.8		15.8		2.2		1.1		217.5
2015	63.2		—		—		—		—		3.4		17.9		20.1		19.8		16.7		7.9		1.3		87.1
2016	91.4		—		—		—		—		—		18.9		30.4		25.0		19.9		14.4		7.4		116.0
2017	275.3		—		—		—		—		—		—		49.1		97.3		80.9		58.8		44.0		330.1
2018	97.9		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		6.7		27.4		30.5		31.6		96.2
2019	123.1		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		13.4		31.4		39.1		83.9
2020	62.1		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		6.5		16.1		22.6
2021	55.2		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		4.5		4.5
Subtotal	2,182.6		667.4		354.2		469.8		458.4		344.3		249.8		222.5		207.8		181.0		155.2		147.3		3,457.7
Total Americas and Australia	8,058.2		3,086.9		897.1		1,126.3		1,211.4		1,189.1		1,087.0		1,083.3		1,152.8		1,322.5		1,427.1		1,354.2		14,937.7
Europe Core
2012	20.4		—		11.6		9.0		5.6		3.2		2.2		2.0		2.0		1.5		1.2		1.2		39.5
2013	20.3		—		—		7.1		8.5		2.3		1.3		1.2		1.3		0.9		0.7		0.7		24.0
2014	773.8		—		—		—		153.2		292.0		246.4		220.8		206.3		172.9		149.8		149.2		1,590.6
2015	411.3		—		—		—		—		45.8		100.3		86.2		80.9		66.1		54.3		51.4		485.0
2016	333.1		—		—		—		—		—		40.4		78.9		72.6		58.0		48.3		46.7		344.9
2017	252.2		—		—		—		—		—		—		17.9		56.0		44.1		36.1		34.8		188.9
2018	341.8		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		24.3		88.7		71.2		69.1		253.3
2019	518.6		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		47.9		125.7		121.4		295.0
2020	324.1		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		32.4		91.7		124.1
2021	412.4		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		48.4		48.4
Subtotal	3,408.0		—		11.6		16.1		167.3		343.3		390.6		407.0		443.4		480.1		519.7		614.6		3,393.7
Europe Insolvency
2014	10.9		—		—		—		—		4.3		3.9		3.2		2.6		1.5		0.8		0.3		16.6
2015	19.0		—		—		—		—		3.0		4.4		5.0		4.8		3.9		2.9		1.6		25.6
2016	39.3		—		—		—		—		—		6.2		12.7		12.9		10.7		7.9		6.0		56.4
2017	39.2		—		—		—		—		—		—		1.2		7.9		9.2		9.8		9.4		37.5
2018	44.9		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		0.6		8.4		10.3		11.7		31.0
2019	77.2		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		5.1		21.1		23.9		50.1
2020	105.4		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		6.1		34.6		40.7
2021	53.3		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		5.4		5.4
Subtotal	389.2		—		—		—		—		7.3		14.5		22.1		28.8		38.8		58.9		92.9		263.3
Total Europe	3,797.2		—		11.6		16.1		167.3		350.6		405.1		429.1		472.2		518.9		578.6		707.5		3,657.0
Total PRA Group	$	11,855.4	$	3,086.9	$	908.7	$	1,142.4	$	1,378.7	$	1,539.7	$	1,492.1	$	1,512.4