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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Drone Aviation Holding Corp. (“Drone” or “Company”) develops and manufactures cost-effective, compact and rapidly deployable aerial platforms including lighter-than-air aerostats and electric-powered drones designed to provide government and commercial customers with enhanced surveillance and communication capabilities. Utilizing a proprietary tether system, the Company's products are designed to provide prolonged operational duration capabilities combined with improved reliability, uniquely fulfilling critical requirements in military, law enforcement and commercial and industrial applications.

Basis of Presentation:

The accompanying financial statements of the Company were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Principle of Consolidation:

Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 include the accounts of Drone Aviation Holding Corp. and its subsidiaries: Drone AFS Corp. and Lighter Than Air Systems Corp (“LTAS”).

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Concentration of Credit Risk:

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and trade receivables. The Company places its cash with high credit quality financial institutions. At times such cash may be in excess of the FDIC limit of $250,000 per depositor. With respect to trade receivables, the Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and, as a consequence, believes that the receivable credit risk exposure is limited.

Cash Equivalents:

Cash equivalents are represented by operating accounts or money market accounts maintained with insured financial institutions, including all highly-liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Accounts Receivable and Credit Policies:

Accounts receivable-trade consists of amounts due from the sale of tethered aerostats, accessories, spare parts customization and refurbishment of aerostats. Such accounts receivable are uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms requiring payment within 30 days of receipt of the invoice. The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts equal to the estimated uncollectible amounts based on historical collection experience and a review of the current status of trade accounts receivable. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company characterized $0 and $0 as uncollectible, respectively. There is a balance of $110,065 in accounts receivable-trade at December 31, 2017 for sales on account.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the first-in first-out method. Cost includes materials, labor and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand, future purchase commitments with our supplies, and the estimated utility of our inventory. If the review indicates a reduction in utility below carrying value, we reduce our inventory to a new cost basis through a charge to cost of goods sold.

Property and Equipment:

Property and equipment is recorded at cost when acquired. Depreciation is provided principally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which is 3-7 years for equipment, furniture and fixtures, hardware and software. Property and equipment consists of the following at December 31, 2017 and 2016:

	2017			2016
Shop Machinery and equipment	$	87,704		$	87,029
Computers and electronics		35,270			35,270
Office furniture and fixtures		37,814			37,814
Vehicle		73,142			-
Leasehold improvements		19,514			19,514
		253,444			179,627
Less - accumulated depreciation		(97,507	)		(60,784	)
	$	155,937		$	118,843

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, whereas expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company purchased a vehicle for $73,142 and shop equipment for $675. During 2016, the Company purchased $16,336 of furniture and equipment.

The Company recognized $36,723 and $33,789 of depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Long-Lived Assets & Goodwill:

The Company accounts for long-lived assets in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360-10-35, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets.” This accounting standard requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.

The Company accounts for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350 "Intangibles Goodwill and Other". ASC 350 requires that goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives be tested for impairment annually or on an interim basis if events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of an asset has decreased below its carrying value. The Company performed impairment analysis using the qualitative analysis under ASC 350-20 and noted no impairment issues for 2017 and 2016.

Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company evaluates the embedded conversion feature within its convertible debt instruments under ASC 815-15 and ASC 815-40 to determine if the conversion feature meets the definition of a liability and, if so, whether to bifurcate the conversion feature and account for it as a separate derivative liability. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For stock-based derivative financial instruments, the Company uses a lattice model, in accordance with ASC 815-15 “Derivative and Hedging” to value the derivative instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months after the balance sheet date.

Beneficial Conversion Features:

The Company evaluates the conversion feature for whether it was beneficial as described in ASC 470-30. The intrinsic value of a beneficial conversion feature inherent to a convertible note payable, which is not bifurcated and accounted for separately from the convertible note payable and may not be settled in cash upon conversion, is treated as a discount to the convertible note payable. This discount is amortized over the period from the date of issuance to the date the note is due using the effective interest method. If the note payable is retired prior to the end of its contractual term, the unamortized discount is expensed in the period of retirement to interest expense. In general, the beneficial conversion feature is measured by comparing the effective conversion price, after considering the relative fair value of detachable instruments included in the financing transaction, if any, to the fair value of the shares of common stock at the commitment date to be received upon conversion.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. As defined in FASB ASC 820, the fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company utilized the market data of similar entities in its industry or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. The Company classifies fair value balances based on the observability of those inputs. FASB ASC 820 established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurement) as follows:

Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, marketable securities and listed equities.

Level 2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date and includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category generally include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as commodity swaps, interest rate swaps, options and collars.

Level 3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value.

Revenue Recognition and Unearned Revenue:

The Company recognizes revenue when all four of the following criteria are met: 1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; 2) delivery has occurred and title has transferred or services have been rendered; 3) our price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and 4) collectability is reasonably assured. We record unearned revenue as a liability and the associated costs of sales as work in process inventory.

Income Taxes:

The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (SFAS No. 109). ASC 740 requires the measurement of deferred tax assets for deductible temporary differences and operating loss carry forwards, and of deferred tax liabilities for taxable temporary differences. Measurement of current and deferred tax liabilities and assets is based on provisions of enacted tax law. The effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not included in the measurement. The Company recognizes the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events and transactions that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. The Company has recorded a 100% valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets due to uncertainty of their ultimate realization. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company also follows the guidance for accounting for income tax uncertainties. In accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, the Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. No liability for unrecognized tax benefits was recorded as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Employee Stock-Based Compensation:

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. ASC 718 requires companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, based on the grant-date fair value of the award and to recognize it as compensation expense over the period the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. The Company has elected to adopt ASU 2016-09 and has a policy to account for forfeitures as they occur.

Non-Employee Stock-Based Compensation:

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the provision of ASC 505-50, “Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees,” which requires that such equity instruments are recorded at their fair value on the measurement date. The measurement of stock-based compensation is subject to periodic adjustment as the underlying equity instruments vest.

Related Parties:

The Company accounts for related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850 (“Related Party Disclosures”). A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.

On November 10, 2017, the Company and Global Security Innovative Strategies, LLC (“GSIS”), a related party, entered in an agreement whereby GSIS will provide business development support and general consulting services for sales opportunities with U.S. government agencies and other identified prospects and consulting support services for the Company’s role and activities as part of the Security Center of Excellence in Orlando, Florida. The agreement is for a period of six months beginning on November 1, 2017. The Company agreed to pay GSIS a fee of $10,000 per month and will evaluate the fee after 90 days. The Company agreed to pay the expenses of GSIS incurred in connection with the performance of its duties under the agreement. Either party may terminate or renew the agreement at any time, for any reason or no reason, upon at least 30 days’ notice to the other party. David Aguilar, a member of the Company’s board of directors, is a principal at GSIS.

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, there was $171,981 and $46,849 accrued interest payable, respectively, to related parties on convertible notes payable. See Note 6 – Related Party Convertible Notes Payable and Derivative Liability and Note 8 – Series 2017 Secured Convertible Note – Related Party for further information.

Earnings or Loss per Share:

The Company accounts for earnings per share pursuant to ASC 260, Earnings per Share, which requires disclosure on the financial statements of "basic" and "diluted" earnings (loss) per share. Basic earnings (loss) per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents (if dilutive) related to stock options and warrants for each year. As further described in Footnote #6 – Related Party Convertible Notes Payable and Derivative Liability, $3,000,000 in convertible debt could be converted into 3,000,000 shares of common stock. As further described in Footnote #8 – Series 2017 Secured Convertible Note – Related Party, $1,000,000 in convertible debt could be converted into 1,000,000 shares of common stock. As further described in Footnote #12 – Employee Stock Options, 7,627,500 options are exercisable. As further described in Footnote #13 – Warrants, 2,232,500 warrants are exercisable. As there was a net loss for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, basic and diluted losses per share in each such year are the same.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09 (Tope 606) “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” Topic 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605 “Revenue Recognition” (Topic 605), and requires entities to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. We adopted Topic 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. Upon adoption, we will recognize the cumulative effect of adopting this guidance as an adjustment to our opening balance of retained earnings. Prior periods will not be retrospectively adjusted. We expect the adoption of Topic 606 will not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements, including the presentation of revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which will amend current lease accounting to require lessees to recognize (i) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis, and (ii) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the least term. ASU 2016-02 does not significantly change lease accounting requirements applicable to lessors; however, certain changes were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently reviewing the provisions of this ASU to determine if there will be any impact on our results of operations cash flows or financial condition.

Other than those pronouncements, management does not believe that there are any other recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards which, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.